2 * linux/kernel/softirq.c
4 * Copyright (C) 1992 Linus Torvalds
6 * Distribute under GPLv2.
8 * Rewritten. Old one was good in 2.2, but in 2.3 it was immoral. --ANK (990903)
11 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
13 #include <linux/export.h>
14 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
15 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
16 #include <linux/init.h>
18 #include <linux/notifier.h>
19 #include <linux/percpu.h>
20 #include <linux/cpu.h>
21 #include <linux/freezer.h>
22 #include <linux/kthread.h>
23 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
24 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
25 #include <linux/smp.h>
26 #include <linux/smpboot.h>
27 #include <linux/tick.h>
29 #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
30 #include <trace/events/irq.h>
33 - No shared variables, all the data are CPU local.
34 - If a softirq needs serialization, let it serialize itself
36 - Even if softirq is serialized, only local cpu is marked for
37 execution. Hence, we get something sort of weak cpu binding.
38 Though it is still not clear, will it result in better locality
42 - NET RX softirq. It is multithreaded and does not require
43 any global serialization.
44 - NET TX softirq. It kicks software netdevice queues, hence
45 it is logically serialized per device, but this serialization
46 is invisible to common code.
47 - Tasklets: serialized wrt itself.
50 #ifndef __ARCH_IRQ_STAT
51 irq_cpustat_t irq_stat[NR_CPUS] ____cacheline_aligned;
52 EXPORT_SYMBOL(irq_stat);
55 static struct softirq_action softirq_vec[NR_SOFTIRQS] __cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
57 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct task_struct *, ksoftirqd);
59 const char * const softirq_to_name[NR_SOFTIRQS] = {
60 "HI", "TIMER", "NET_TX", "NET_RX", "BLOCK", "BLOCK_IOPOLL",
61 "TASKLET", "SCHED", "HRTIMER", "RCU"
65 * we cannot loop indefinitely here to avoid userspace starvation,
66 * but we also don't want to introduce a worst case 1/HZ latency
67 * to the pending events, so lets the scheduler to balance
68 * the softirq load for us.
70 static void wakeup_softirqd(void)
72 /* Interrupts are disabled: no need to stop preemption */
73 struct task_struct *tsk = __this_cpu_read(ksoftirqd);
75 if (tsk && tsk->state != TASK_RUNNING)
80 * preempt_count and SOFTIRQ_OFFSET usage:
81 * - preempt_count is changed by SOFTIRQ_OFFSET on entering or leaving
83 * - preempt_count is changed by SOFTIRQ_DISABLE_OFFSET (= 2 * SOFTIRQ_OFFSET)
84 * on local_bh_disable or local_bh_enable.
85 * This lets us distinguish between whether we are currently processing
86 * softirq and whether we just have bh disabled.
90 * This one is for softirq.c-internal use,
91 * where hardirqs are disabled legitimately:
93 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
94 void __local_bh_disable_ip(unsigned long ip, unsigned int cnt)
98 WARN_ON_ONCE(in_irq());
100 raw_local_irq_save(flags);
102 * The preempt tracer hooks into preempt_count_add and will break
103 * lockdep because it calls back into lockdep after SOFTIRQ_OFFSET
104 * is set and before current->softirq_enabled is cleared.
105 * We must manually increment preempt_count here and manually
106 * call the trace_preempt_off later.
108 __preempt_count_add(cnt);
110 * Were softirqs turned off above:
112 if (softirq_count() == (cnt & SOFTIRQ_MASK))
113 trace_softirqs_off(ip);
114 raw_local_irq_restore(flags);
116 if (preempt_count() == cnt)
117 trace_preempt_off(CALLER_ADDR0, get_parent_ip(CALLER_ADDR1));
119 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__local_bh_disable_ip);
120 #endif /* CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS */
122 static void __local_bh_enable(unsigned int cnt)
124 WARN_ON_ONCE(!irqs_disabled());
126 if (softirq_count() == (cnt & SOFTIRQ_MASK))
127 trace_softirqs_on(_RET_IP_);
128 preempt_count_sub(cnt);
132 * Special-case - softirqs can safely be enabled in
133 * cond_resched_softirq(), or by __do_softirq(),
134 * without processing still-pending softirqs:
136 void _local_bh_enable(void)
138 WARN_ON_ONCE(in_irq());
139 __local_bh_enable(SOFTIRQ_DISABLE_OFFSET);
141 EXPORT_SYMBOL(_local_bh_enable);
143 void __local_bh_enable_ip(unsigned long ip, unsigned int cnt)
145 WARN_ON_ONCE(in_irq() || irqs_disabled());
146 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
150 * Are softirqs going to be turned on now:
152 if (softirq_count() == SOFTIRQ_DISABLE_OFFSET)
153 trace_softirqs_on(ip);
155 * Keep preemption disabled until we are done with
156 * softirq processing:
158 preempt_count_sub(cnt - 1);
160 if (unlikely(!in_interrupt() && local_softirq_pending())) {
162 * Run softirq if any pending. And do it in its own stack
163 * as we may be calling this deep in a task call stack already.
169 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
172 preempt_check_resched();
174 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__local_bh_enable_ip);
177 * We restart softirq processing for at most MAX_SOFTIRQ_RESTART times,
178 * but break the loop if need_resched() is set or after 2 ms.
179 * The MAX_SOFTIRQ_TIME provides a nice upper bound in most cases, but in
180 * certain cases, such as stop_machine(), jiffies may cease to
181 * increment and so we need the MAX_SOFTIRQ_RESTART limit as
182 * well to make sure we eventually return from this method.
184 * These limits have been established via experimentation.
185 * The two things to balance is latency against fairness -
186 * we want to handle softirqs as soon as possible, but they
187 * should not be able to lock up the box.
189 #define MAX_SOFTIRQ_TIME msecs_to_jiffies(2)
190 #define MAX_SOFTIRQ_RESTART 10
192 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
194 * When we run softirqs from irq_exit() and thus on the hardirq stack we need
195 * to keep the lockdep irq context tracking as tight as possible in order to
196 * not miss-qualify lock contexts and miss possible deadlocks.
199 static inline bool lockdep_softirq_start(void)
201 bool in_hardirq = false;
203 if (trace_hardirq_context(current)) {
205 trace_hardirq_exit();
208 lockdep_softirq_enter();
213 static inline void lockdep_softirq_end(bool in_hardirq)
215 lockdep_softirq_exit();
218 trace_hardirq_enter();
221 static inline bool lockdep_softirq_start(void) { return false; }
222 static inline void lockdep_softirq_end(bool in_hardirq) { }
225 asmlinkage void __do_softirq(void)
227 unsigned long end = jiffies + MAX_SOFTIRQ_TIME;
228 unsigned long old_flags = current->flags;
229 int max_restart = MAX_SOFTIRQ_RESTART;
230 struct softirq_action *h;
237 * Mask out PF_MEMALLOC s current task context is borrowed for the
238 * softirq. A softirq handled such as network RX might set PF_MEMALLOC
239 * again if the socket is related to swap
241 current->flags &= ~PF_MEMALLOC;
243 pending = local_softirq_pending();
244 account_irq_enter_time(current);
246 __local_bh_disable_ip(_RET_IP_, SOFTIRQ_OFFSET);
247 in_hardirq = lockdep_softirq_start();
249 cpu = smp_processor_id();
251 /* Reset the pending bitmask before enabling irqs */
252 set_softirq_pending(0);
258 while ((softirq_bit = ffs(pending))) {
262 h += softirq_bit - 1;
264 vec_nr = h - softirq_vec;
265 prev_count = preempt_count();
267 kstat_incr_softirqs_this_cpu(vec_nr);
269 trace_softirq_entry(vec_nr);
271 trace_softirq_exit(vec_nr);
272 if (unlikely(prev_count != preempt_count())) {
273 pr_err("huh, entered softirq %u %s %p with preempt_count %08x, exited with %08x?\n",
274 vec_nr, softirq_to_name[vec_nr], h->action,
275 prev_count, preempt_count());
276 preempt_count_set(prev_count);
280 pending >>= softirq_bit;
285 pending = local_softirq_pending();
287 if (time_before(jiffies, end) && !need_resched() &&
294 lockdep_softirq_end(in_hardirq);
295 account_irq_exit_time(current);
296 __local_bh_enable(SOFTIRQ_OFFSET);
297 WARN_ON_ONCE(in_interrupt());
298 tsk_restore_flags(current, old_flags, PF_MEMALLOC);
301 asmlinkage void do_softirq(void)
309 local_irq_save(flags);
311 pending = local_softirq_pending();
314 do_softirq_own_stack();
316 local_irq_restore(flags);
320 * Enter an interrupt context.
325 if (is_idle_task(current) && !in_interrupt()) {
327 * Prevent raise_softirq from needlessly waking up ksoftirqd
328 * here, as softirq will be serviced on return from interrupt.
338 static inline void invoke_softirq(void)
340 if (!force_irqthreads) {
341 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_IRQ_EXIT_ON_IRQ_STACK
343 * We can safely execute softirq on the current stack if
344 * it is the irq stack, because it should be near empty
350 * Otherwise, irq_exit() is called on the task stack that can
351 * be potentially deep already. So call softirq in its own stack
352 * to prevent from any overrun.
354 do_softirq_own_stack();
361 static inline void tick_irq_exit(void)
363 #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON
364 int cpu = smp_processor_id();
366 /* Make sure that timer wheel updates are propagated */
367 if ((idle_cpu(cpu) && !need_resched()) || tick_nohz_full_cpu(cpu)) {
369 tick_nohz_irq_exit();
375 * Exit an interrupt context. Process softirqs if needed and possible:
379 #ifndef __ARCH_IRQ_EXIT_IRQS_DISABLED
382 WARN_ON_ONCE(!irqs_disabled());
385 account_irq_exit_time(current);
386 preempt_count_sub(HARDIRQ_OFFSET);
387 if (!in_interrupt() && local_softirq_pending())
392 trace_hardirq_exit(); /* must be last! */
396 * This function must run with irqs disabled!
398 inline void raise_softirq_irqoff(unsigned int nr)
400 __raise_softirq_irqoff(nr);
403 * If we're in an interrupt or softirq, we're done
404 * (this also catches softirq-disabled code). We will
405 * actually run the softirq once we return from
406 * the irq or softirq.
408 * Otherwise we wake up ksoftirqd to make sure we
409 * schedule the softirq soon.
415 void raise_softirq(unsigned int nr)
419 local_irq_save(flags);
420 raise_softirq_irqoff(nr);
421 local_irq_restore(flags);
424 void __raise_softirq_irqoff(unsigned int nr)
426 trace_softirq_raise(nr);
427 or_softirq_pending(1UL << nr);
430 void open_softirq(int nr, void (*action)(struct softirq_action *))
432 softirq_vec[nr].action = action;
438 struct tasklet_head {
439 struct tasklet_struct *head;
440 struct tasklet_struct **tail;
443 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct tasklet_head, tasklet_vec);
444 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct tasklet_head, tasklet_hi_vec);
446 void __tasklet_schedule(struct tasklet_struct *t)
450 local_irq_save(flags);
452 *__this_cpu_read(tasklet_vec.tail) = t;
453 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_vec.tail, &(t->next));
454 raise_softirq_irqoff(TASKLET_SOFTIRQ);
455 local_irq_restore(flags);
457 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__tasklet_schedule);
459 void __tasklet_hi_schedule(struct tasklet_struct *t)
463 local_irq_save(flags);
465 *__this_cpu_read(tasklet_hi_vec.tail) = t;
466 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_hi_vec.tail, &(t->next));
467 raise_softirq_irqoff(HI_SOFTIRQ);
468 local_irq_restore(flags);
470 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__tasklet_hi_schedule);
472 void __tasklet_hi_schedule_first(struct tasklet_struct *t)
474 BUG_ON(!irqs_disabled());
476 t->next = __this_cpu_read(tasklet_hi_vec.head);
477 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_hi_vec.head, t);
478 __raise_softirq_irqoff(HI_SOFTIRQ);
480 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__tasklet_hi_schedule_first);
482 static void tasklet_action(struct softirq_action *a)
484 struct tasklet_struct *list;
487 list = __this_cpu_read(tasklet_vec.head);
488 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_vec.head, NULL);
489 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_vec.tail, &__get_cpu_var(tasklet_vec).head);
493 struct tasklet_struct *t = list;
497 if (tasklet_trylock(t)) {
498 if (!atomic_read(&t->count)) {
499 if (!test_and_clear_bit(TASKLET_STATE_SCHED,
511 *__this_cpu_read(tasklet_vec.tail) = t;
512 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_vec.tail, &(t->next));
513 __raise_softirq_irqoff(TASKLET_SOFTIRQ);
518 static void tasklet_hi_action(struct softirq_action *a)
520 struct tasklet_struct *list;
523 list = __this_cpu_read(tasklet_hi_vec.head);
524 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_hi_vec.head, NULL);
525 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_hi_vec.tail, &__get_cpu_var(tasklet_hi_vec).head);
529 struct tasklet_struct *t = list;
533 if (tasklet_trylock(t)) {
534 if (!atomic_read(&t->count)) {
535 if (!test_and_clear_bit(TASKLET_STATE_SCHED,
547 *__this_cpu_read(tasklet_hi_vec.tail) = t;
548 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_hi_vec.tail, &(t->next));
549 __raise_softirq_irqoff(HI_SOFTIRQ);
554 void tasklet_init(struct tasklet_struct *t,
555 void (*func)(unsigned long), unsigned long data)
559 atomic_set(&t->count, 0);
563 EXPORT_SYMBOL(tasklet_init);
565 void tasklet_kill(struct tasklet_struct *t)
568 pr_notice("Attempt to kill tasklet from interrupt\n");
570 while (test_and_set_bit(TASKLET_STATE_SCHED, &t->state)) {
573 } while (test_bit(TASKLET_STATE_SCHED, &t->state));
575 tasklet_unlock_wait(t);
576 clear_bit(TASKLET_STATE_SCHED, &t->state);
578 EXPORT_SYMBOL(tasklet_kill);
585 * The trampoline is called when the hrtimer expires. It schedules a tasklet
586 * to run __tasklet_hrtimer_trampoline() which in turn will call the intended
587 * hrtimer callback, but from softirq context.
589 static enum hrtimer_restart __hrtimer_tasklet_trampoline(struct hrtimer *timer)
591 struct tasklet_hrtimer *ttimer =
592 container_of(timer, struct tasklet_hrtimer, timer);
594 tasklet_hi_schedule(&ttimer->tasklet);
595 return HRTIMER_NORESTART;
599 * Helper function which calls the hrtimer callback from
600 * tasklet/softirq context
602 static void __tasklet_hrtimer_trampoline(unsigned long data)
604 struct tasklet_hrtimer *ttimer = (void *)data;
605 enum hrtimer_restart restart;
607 restart = ttimer->function(&ttimer->timer);
608 if (restart != HRTIMER_NORESTART)
609 hrtimer_restart(&ttimer->timer);
613 * tasklet_hrtimer_init - Init a tasklet/hrtimer combo for softirq callbacks
614 * @ttimer: tasklet_hrtimer which is initialized
615 * @function: hrtimer callback function which gets called from softirq context
616 * @which_clock: clock id (CLOCK_MONOTONIC/CLOCK_REALTIME)
617 * @mode: hrtimer mode (HRTIMER_MODE_ABS/HRTIMER_MODE_REL)
619 void tasklet_hrtimer_init(struct tasklet_hrtimer *ttimer,
620 enum hrtimer_restart (*function)(struct hrtimer *),
621 clockid_t which_clock, enum hrtimer_mode mode)
623 hrtimer_init(&ttimer->timer, which_clock, mode);
624 ttimer->timer.function = __hrtimer_tasklet_trampoline;
625 tasklet_init(&ttimer->tasklet, __tasklet_hrtimer_trampoline,
626 (unsigned long)ttimer);
627 ttimer->function = function;
629 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tasklet_hrtimer_init);
631 void __init softirq_init(void)
635 for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
636 per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).tail =
637 &per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).head;
638 per_cpu(tasklet_hi_vec, cpu).tail =
639 &per_cpu(tasklet_hi_vec, cpu).head;
642 open_softirq(TASKLET_SOFTIRQ, tasklet_action);
643 open_softirq(HI_SOFTIRQ, tasklet_hi_action);
646 static int ksoftirqd_should_run(unsigned int cpu)
648 return local_softirq_pending();
651 static void run_ksoftirqd(unsigned int cpu)
654 if (local_softirq_pending()) {
656 * We can safely run softirq on inline stack, as we are not deep
657 * in the task stack here.
660 rcu_note_context_switch(cpu);
668 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
670 * tasklet_kill_immediate is called to remove a tasklet which can already be
671 * scheduled for execution on @cpu.
673 * Unlike tasklet_kill, this function removes the tasklet
674 * _immediately_, even if the tasklet is in TASKLET_STATE_SCHED state.
676 * When this function is called, @cpu must be in the CPU_DEAD state.
678 void tasklet_kill_immediate(struct tasklet_struct *t, unsigned int cpu)
680 struct tasklet_struct **i;
682 BUG_ON(cpu_online(cpu));
683 BUG_ON(test_bit(TASKLET_STATE_RUN, &t->state));
685 if (!test_bit(TASKLET_STATE_SCHED, &t->state))
688 /* CPU is dead, so no lock needed. */
689 for (i = &per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).head; *i; i = &(*i)->next) {
692 /* If this was the tail element, move the tail ptr */
694 per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).tail = i;
701 static void takeover_tasklets(unsigned int cpu)
703 /* CPU is dead, so no lock needed. */
706 /* Find end, append list for that CPU. */
707 if (&per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).head != per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).tail) {
708 *__this_cpu_read(tasklet_vec.tail) = per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).head;
709 this_cpu_write(tasklet_vec.tail, per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).tail);
710 per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).head = NULL;
711 per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).tail = &per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).head;
713 raise_softirq_irqoff(TASKLET_SOFTIRQ);
715 if (&per_cpu(tasklet_hi_vec, cpu).head != per_cpu(tasklet_hi_vec, cpu).tail) {
716 *__this_cpu_read(tasklet_hi_vec.tail) = per_cpu(tasklet_hi_vec, cpu).head;
717 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_hi_vec.tail, per_cpu(tasklet_hi_vec, cpu).tail);
718 per_cpu(tasklet_hi_vec, cpu).head = NULL;
719 per_cpu(tasklet_hi_vec, cpu).tail = &per_cpu(tasklet_hi_vec, cpu).head;
721 raise_softirq_irqoff(HI_SOFTIRQ);
725 #endif /* CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
727 static int cpu_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb, unsigned long action,
731 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
733 case CPU_DEAD_FROZEN:
734 takeover_tasklets((unsigned long)hcpu);
736 #endif /* CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
741 static struct notifier_block cpu_nfb = {
742 .notifier_call = cpu_callback
745 static struct smp_hotplug_thread softirq_threads = {
747 .thread_should_run = ksoftirqd_should_run,
748 .thread_fn = run_ksoftirqd,
749 .thread_comm = "ksoftirqd/%u",
752 static __init int spawn_ksoftirqd(void)
754 register_cpu_notifier(&cpu_nfb);
756 BUG_ON(smpboot_register_percpu_thread(&softirq_threads));
760 early_initcall(spawn_ksoftirqd);
763 * [ These __weak aliases are kept in a separate compilation unit, so that
764 * GCC does not inline them incorrectly. ]
767 int __init __weak early_irq_init(void)
772 int __init __weak arch_probe_nr_irqs(void)
774 return NR_IRQS_LEGACY;
777 int __init __weak arch_early_irq_init(void)