1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
3 * Restartable sequences system call
5 * Copyright (C) 2015, Google, Inc.,
6 * Paul Turner <pjt@google.com> and Andrew Hunter <ahh@google.com>
7 * Copyright (C) 2015-2018, EfficiOS Inc.,
8 * Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
11 #include <linux/sched.h>
12 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
13 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
14 #include <linux/rseq.h>
15 #include <linux/types.h>
16 #include <asm/ptrace.h>
18 #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
19 #include <trace/events/rseq.h>
21 #define RSEQ_CS_PREEMPT_MIGRATE_FLAGS (RSEQ_CS_FLAG_NO_RESTART_ON_MIGRATE | \
22 RSEQ_CS_FLAG_NO_RESTART_ON_PREEMPT)
26 * Restartable sequences are a lightweight interface that allows
27 * user-level code to be executed atomically relative to scheduler
28 * preemption and signal delivery. Typically used for implementing
31 * It allows user-space to perform update operations on per-cpu data
32 * without requiring heavy-weight atomic operations.
34 * Detailed algorithm of rseq user-space assembly sequences:
37 * cpu = TLS->rseq::cpu_id_start
38 * [1] TLS->rseq::rseq_cs = rseq_cs
39 * [start_ip] ----------------------------
40 * [2] if (cpu != TLS->rseq::cpu_id)
42 * [3] <last_instruction_in_cs>
43 * [post_commit_ip] ----------------------------
45 * The address of jump target abort_ip must be outside the critical
48 * [abort_ip] < [start_ip] || [abort_ip] >= [post_commit_ip]
50 * Steps [2]-[3] (inclusive) need to be a sequence of instructions in
51 * userspace that can handle being interrupted between any of those
52 * instructions, and then resumed to the abort_ip.
54 * 1. Userspace stores the address of the struct rseq_cs assembly
55 * block descriptor into the rseq_cs field of the registered
56 * struct rseq TLS area. This update is performed through a single
57 * store within the inline assembly instruction sequence.
60 * 2. Userspace tests to check whether the current cpu_id field match
61 * the cpu number loaded before start_ip, branching to abort_ip
62 * in case of a mismatch.
64 * If the sequence is preempted or interrupted by a signal
65 * at or after start_ip and before post_commit_ip, then the kernel
66 * clears TLS->__rseq_abi::rseq_cs, and sets the user-space return
67 * ip to abort_ip before returning to user-space, so the preempted
68 * execution resumes at abort_ip.
70 * 3. Userspace critical section final instruction before
71 * post_commit_ip is the commit. The critical section is
77 * On failure at [2], or if interrupted by preempt or signal delivery
78 * between [1] and [3]:
84 static int rseq_update_cpu_id(struct task_struct *t)
86 u32 cpu_id = raw_smp_processor_id();
88 if (__put_user(cpu_id, &t->rseq->cpu_id_start))
90 if (__put_user(cpu_id, &t->rseq->cpu_id))
96 static int rseq_reset_rseq_cpu_id(struct task_struct *t)
98 u32 cpu_id_start = 0, cpu_id = RSEQ_CPU_ID_UNINITIALIZED;
101 * Reset cpu_id_start to its initial state (0).
103 if (__put_user(cpu_id_start, &t->rseq->cpu_id_start))
106 * Reset cpu_id to RSEQ_CPU_ID_UNINITIALIZED, so any user coming
107 * in after unregistration can figure out that rseq needs to be
110 if (__put_user(cpu_id, &t->rseq->cpu_id))
115 static int rseq_get_rseq_cs(struct task_struct *t, struct rseq_cs *rseq_cs)
117 struct rseq_cs __user *urseq_cs;
123 ret = __get_user(ptr, &t->rseq->rseq_cs);
127 memset(rseq_cs, 0, sizeof(*rseq_cs));
130 urseq_cs = (struct rseq_cs __user *)ptr;
131 if (copy_from_user(rseq_cs, urseq_cs, sizeof(*rseq_cs)))
133 if (rseq_cs->version > 0)
136 /* Ensure that abort_ip is not in the critical section. */
137 if (rseq_cs->abort_ip - rseq_cs->start_ip < rseq_cs->post_commit_offset)
140 usig = (u32 __user *)(rseq_cs->abort_ip - sizeof(u32));
141 ret = get_user(sig, usig);
145 if (current->rseq_sig != sig) {
146 printk_ratelimited(KERN_WARNING
147 "Possible attack attempt. Unexpected rseq signature 0x%x, expecting 0x%x (pid=%d, addr=%p).\n",
148 sig, current->rseq_sig, current->pid, usig);
154 static int rseq_need_restart(struct task_struct *t, u32 cs_flags)
156 u32 flags, event_mask;
159 /* Get thread flags. */
160 ret = __get_user(flags, &t->rseq->flags);
164 /* Take critical section flags into account. */
168 * Restart on signal can only be inhibited when restart on
169 * preempt and restart on migrate are inhibited too. Otherwise,
170 * a preempted signal handler could fail to restart the prior
171 * execution context on sigreturn.
173 if (unlikely((flags & RSEQ_CS_FLAG_NO_RESTART_ON_SIGNAL) &&
174 (flags & RSEQ_CS_PREEMPT_MIGRATE_FLAGS) !=
175 RSEQ_CS_PREEMPT_MIGRATE_FLAGS))
179 * Load and clear event mask atomically with respect to
180 * scheduler preemption.
183 event_mask = t->rseq_event_mask;
184 t->rseq_event_mask = 0;
187 return !!(event_mask & ~flags);
190 static int clear_rseq_cs(struct task_struct *t)
193 * The rseq_cs field is set to NULL on preemption or signal
194 * delivery on top of rseq assembly block, as well as on top
195 * of code outside of the rseq assembly block. This performs
196 * a lazy clear of the rseq_cs field.
198 * Set rseq_cs to NULL with single-copy atomicity.
200 return __put_user(0UL, &t->rseq->rseq_cs);
204 * Unsigned comparison will be true when ip >= start_ip, and when
205 * ip < start_ip + post_commit_offset.
207 static bool in_rseq_cs(unsigned long ip, struct rseq_cs *rseq_cs)
209 return ip - rseq_cs->start_ip < rseq_cs->post_commit_offset;
212 static int rseq_ip_fixup(struct pt_regs *regs)
214 unsigned long ip = instruction_pointer(regs);
215 struct task_struct *t = current;
216 struct rseq_cs rseq_cs;
219 ret = rseq_get_rseq_cs(t, &rseq_cs);
224 * Handle potentially not being within a critical section.
225 * If not nested over a rseq critical section, restart is useless.
226 * Clear the rseq_cs pointer and return.
228 if (!in_rseq_cs(ip, &rseq_cs))
229 return clear_rseq_cs(t);
230 ret = rseq_need_restart(t, rseq_cs.flags);
233 ret = clear_rseq_cs(t);
236 trace_rseq_ip_fixup(ip, rseq_cs.start_ip, rseq_cs.post_commit_offset,
238 instruction_pointer_set(regs, (unsigned long)rseq_cs.abort_ip);
243 * This resume handler must always be executed between any of:
246 * and return to user-space.
248 * This is how we can ensure that the entire rseq critical section,
249 * consisting of both the C part and the assembly instruction sequence,
250 * will issue the commit instruction only if executed atomically with
251 * respect to other threads scheduled on the same CPU, and with respect
252 * to signal handlers.
254 void __rseq_handle_notify_resume(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs)
256 struct task_struct *t = current;
259 if (unlikely(t->flags & PF_EXITING))
261 if (unlikely(!access_ok(VERIFY_WRITE, t->rseq, sizeof(*t->rseq))))
263 ret = rseq_ip_fixup(regs);
264 if (unlikely(ret < 0))
266 if (unlikely(rseq_update_cpu_id(t)))
271 sig = ksig ? ksig->sig : 0;
272 force_sigsegv(sig, t);
275 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_RSEQ
278 * Terminate the process if a syscall is issued within a restartable
281 void rseq_syscall(struct pt_regs *regs)
283 unsigned long ip = instruction_pointer(regs);
284 struct task_struct *t = current;
285 struct rseq_cs rseq_cs;
289 if (!access_ok(VERIFY_READ, t->rseq, sizeof(*t->rseq)) ||
290 rseq_get_rseq_cs(t, &rseq_cs) || in_rseq_cs(ip, &rseq_cs))
291 force_sig(SIGSEGV, t);
297 * sys_rseq - setup restartable sequences for caller thread.
299 SYSCALL_DEFINE4(rseq, struct rseq __user *, rseq, u32, rseq_len,
300 int, flags, u32, sig)
304 if (flags & RSEQ_FLAG_UNREGISTER) {
305 /* Unregister rseq for current thread. */
306 if (current->rseq != rseq || !current->rseq)
308 if (current->rseq_len != rseq_len)
310 if (current->rseq_sig != sig)
312 ret = rseq_reset_rseq_cpu_id(current);
315 current->rseq = NULL;
316 current->rseq_len = 0;
317 current->rseq_sig = 0;
326 * If rseq is already registered, check whether
327 * the provided address differs from the prior
330 if (current->rseq != rseq || current->rseq_len != rseq_len)
332 if (current->rseq_sig != sig)
334 /* Already registered. */
339 * If there was no rseq previously registered,
340 * ensure the provided rseq is properly aligned and valid.
342 if (!IS_ALIGNED((unsigned long)rseq, __alignof__(*rseq)) ||
343 rseq_len != sizeof(*rseq))
345 if (!access_ok(VERIFY_WRITE, rseq, rseq_len))
347 current->rseq = rseq;
348 current->rseq_len = rseq_len;
349 current->rseq_sig = sig;
351 * If rseq was previously inactive, and has just been
352 * registered, ensure the cpu_id_start and cpu_id fields
353 * are updated before returning to user-space.
355 rseq_set_notify_resume(current);