2 * linux/kernel/printk.c
4 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
6 * Modified to make sys_syslog() more flexible: added commands to
7 * return the last 4k of kernel messages, regardless of whether
8 * they've been read or not. Added option to suppress kernel printk's
9 * to the console. Added hook for sending the console messages
10 * elsewhere, in preparation for a serial line console (someday).
12 * Modified for sysctl support, 1/8/97, Chris Horn.
13 * Fixed SMP synchronization, 08/08/99, Manfred Spraul
14 * manfred@colorfullife.com
15 * Rewrote bits to get rid of console_lock
16 * 01Mar01 Andrew Morton
19 #include <linux/kernel.h>
21 #include <linux/tty.h>
22 #include <linux/tty_driver.h>
23 #include <linux/console.h>
24 #include <linux/init.h>
25 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
26 #include <linux/nmi.h>
27 #include <linux/module.h>
28 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
29 #include <linux/interrupt.h> /* For in_interrupt() */
30 #include <linux/delay.h>
31 #include <linux/smp.h>
32 #include <linux/security.h>
33 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
34 #include <linux/memblock.h>
35 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
36 #include <linux/kexec.h>
37 #include <linux/kdb.h>
38 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
39 #include <linux/kmsg_dump.h>
40 #include <linux/syslog.h>
41 #include <linux/cpu.h>
42 #include <linux/notifier.h>
43 #include <linux/rculist.h>
44 #include <linux/poll.h>
46 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
48 #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
49 #include <trace/events/printk.h>
52 * Architectures can override it:
54 void asmlinkage __attribute__((weak)) early_printk(const char *fmt, ...)
58 /* printk's without a loglevel use this.. */
59 #define DEFAULT_MESSAGE_LOGLEVEL CONFIG_DEFAULT_MESSAGE_LOGLEVEL
61 /* We show everything that is MORE important than this.. */
62 #define MINIMUM_CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL 1 /* Minimum loglevel we let people use */
63 #define DEFAULT_CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL 7 /* anything MORE serious than KERN_DEBUG */
65 DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(log_wait);
67 int console_printk[4] = {
68 DEFAULT_CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL, /* console_loglevel */
69 DEFAULT_MESSAGE_LOGLEVEL, /* default_message_loglevel */
70 MINIMUM_CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL, /* minimum_console_loglevel */
71 DEFAULT_CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL, /* default_console_loglevel */
75 * Low level drivers may need that to know if they can schedule in
76 * their unblank() callback or not. So let's export it.
79 EXPORT_SYMBOL(oops_in_progress);
82 * console_sem protects the console_drivers list, and also
83 * provides serialisation for access to the entire console
86 static DEFINE_SEMAPHORE(console_sem);
87 struct console *console_drivers;
88 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(console_drivers);
91 * This is used for debugging the mess that is the VT code by
92 * keeping track if we have the console semaphore held. It's
93 * definitely not the perfect debug tool (we don't know if _WE_
94 * hold it are racing, but it helps tracking those weird code
95 * path in the console code where we end up in places I want
96 * locked without the console sempahore held
98 static int console_locked, console_suspended;
101 * If exclusive_console is non-NULL then only this console is to be printed to.
103 static struct console *exclusive_console;
106 * Array of consoles built from command line options (console=)
108 struct console_cmdline
110 char name[8]; /* Name of the driver */
111 int index; /* Minor dev. to use */
112 char *options; /* Options for the driver */
113 #ifdef CONFIG_A11Y_BRAILLE_CONSOLE
114 char *brl_options; /* Options for braille driver */
118 #define MAX_CMDLINECONSOLES 8
120 static struct console_cmdline console_cmdline[MAX_CMDLINECONSOLES];
121 static int selected_console = -1;
122 static int preferred_console = -1;
123 int console_set_on_cmdline;
124 EXPORT_SYMBOL(console_set_on_cmdline);
126 /* Flag: console code may call schedule() */
127 static int console_may_schedule;
130 * The printk log buffer consists of a chain of concatenated variable
131 * length records. Every record starts with a record header, containing
132 * the overall length of the record.
134 * The heads to the first and last entry in the buffer, as well as the
135 * sequence numbers of these both entries are maintained when messages
138 * If the heads indicate available messages, the length in the header
139 * tells the start next message. A length == 0 for the next message
140 * indicates a wrap-around to the beginning of the buffer.
142 * Every record carries the monotonic timestamp in microseconds, as well as
143 * the standard userspace syslog level and syslog facility. The usual
144 * kernel messages use LOG_KERN; userspace-injected messages always carry
145 * a matching syslog facility, by default LOG_USER. The origin of every
146 * message can be reliably determined that way.
148 * The human readable log message directly follows the message header. The
149 * length of the message text is stored in the header, the stored message
152 * Optionally, a message can carry a dictionary of properties (key/value pairs),
153 * to provide userspace with a machine-readable message context.
155 * Examples for well-defined, commonly used property names are:
156 * DEVICE=b12:8 device identifier
160 * +sound:card0 subsystem:devname
161 * SUBSYSTEM=pci driver-core subsystem name
163 * Valid characters in property names are [a-zA-Z0-9.-_]. The plain text value
164 * follows directly after a '=' character. Every property is terminated by
165 * a '\0' character. The last property is not terminated.
167 * Example of a message structure:
168 * 0000 ff 8f 00 00 00 00 00 00 monotonic time in nsec
169 * 0008 34 00 record is 52 bytes long
170 * 000a 0b 00 text is 11 bytes long
171 * 000c 1f 00 dictionary is 23 bytes long
172 * 000e 03 00 LOG_KERN (facility) LOG_ERR (level)
173 * 0010 69 74 27 73 20 61 20 6c "it's a l"
175 * 001b 44 45 56 49 43 "DEVIC"
176 * 45 3d 62 38 3a 32 00 44 "E=b8:2\0D"
177 * 52 49 56 45 52 3d 62 75 "RIVER=bu"
179 * 0032 00 00 00 padding to next message header
181 * The 'struct log' buffer header must never be directly exported to
182 * userspace, it is a kernel-private implementation detail that might
183 * need to be changed in the future, when the requirements change.
185 * /dev/kmsg exports the structured data in the following line format:
186 * "level,sequnum,timestamp;<message text>\n"
188 * The optional key/value pairs are attached as continuation lines starting
189 * with a space character and terminated by a newline. All possible
190 * non-prinatable characters are escaped in the "\xff" notation.
192 * Users of the export format should ignore possible additional values
193 * separated by ',', and find the message after the ';' character.
197 u64 ts_nsec; /* timestamp in nanoseconds */
198 u16 len; /* length of entire record */
199 u16 text_len; /* length of text buffer */
200 u16 dict_len; /* length of dictionary buffer */
201 u16 level; /* syslog level + facility */
205 * The logbuf_lock protects kmsg buffer, indices, counters. It is also
206 * used in interesting ways to provide interlocking in console_unlock();
208 static DEFINE_RAW_SPINLOCK(logbuf_lock);
210 /* the next printk record to read by syslog(READ) or /proc/kmsg */
211 static u64 syslog_seq;
212 static u32 syslog_idx;
214 /* index and sequence number of the first record stored in the buffer */
215 static u64 log_first_seq;
216 static u32 log_first_idx;
218 /* index and sequence number of the next record to store in the buffer */
219 static u64 log_next_seq;
221 static u32 log_next_idx;
223 /* the next printk record to read after the last 'clear' command */
224 static u64 clear_seq;
225 static u32 clear_idx;
227 #define LOG_LINE_MAX 1024
230 #if !defined(CONFIG_64BIT) || defined(CONFIG_HAVE_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS)
235 #define __LOG_BUF_LEN (1 << CONFIG_LOG_BUF_SHIFT)
236 static char __log_buf[__LOG_BUF_LEN] __aligned(LOG_ALIGN);
237 static char *log_buf = __log_buf;
238 static u32 log_buf_len = __LOG_BUF_LEN;
240 /* cpu currently holding logbuf_lock */
241 static volatile unsigned int logbuf_cpu = UINT_MAX;
243 /* human readable text of the record */
244 static char *log_text(const struct log *msg)
246 return (char *)msg + sizeof(struct log);
249 /* optional key/value pair dictionary attached to the record */
250 static char *log_dict(const struct log *msg)
252 return (char *)msg + sizeof(struct log) + msg->text_len;
255 /* get record by index; idx must point to valid msg */
256 static struct log *log_from_idx(u32 idx)
258 struct log *msg = (struct log *)(log_buf + idx);
261 * A length == 0 record is the end of buffer marker. Wrap around and
262 * read the message at the start of the buffer.
265 return (struct log *)log_buf;
269 /* get next record; idx must point to valid msg */
270 static u32 log_next(u32 idx)
272 struct log *msg = (struct log *)(log_buf + idx);
274 /* length == 0 indicates the end of the buffer; wrap */
276 * A length == 0 record is the end of buffer marker. Wrap around and
277 * read the message at the start of the buffer as *this* one, and
278 * return the one after that.
281 msg = (struct log *)log_buf;
284 return idx + msg->len;
287 /* insert record into the buffer, discard old ones, update heads */
288 static void log_store(int facility, int level,
289 const char *dict, u16 dict_len,
290 const char *text, u16 text_len)
295 /* number of '\0' padding bytes to next message */
296 size = sizeof(struct log) + text_len + dict_len;
297 pad_len = (-size) & (LOG_ALIGN - 1);
300 while (log_first_seq < log_next_seq) {
303 if (log_next_idx > log_first_idx)
304 free = max(log_buf_len - log_next_idx, log_first_idx);
306 free = log_first_idx - log_next_idx;
308 if (free > size + sizeof(struct log))
311 /* drop old messages until we have enough contiuous space */
312 log_first_idx = log_next(log_first_idx);
316 if (log_next_idx + size + sizeof(struct log) >= log_buf_len) {
318 * This message + an additional empty header does not fit
319 * at the end of the buffer. Add an empty header with len == 0
320 * to signify a wrap around.
322 memset(log_buf + log_next_idx, 0, sizeof(struct log));
327 msg = (struct log *)(log_buf + log_next_idx);
328 memcpy(log_text(msg), text, text_len);
329 msg->text_len = text_len;
330 memcpy(log_dict(msg), dict, dict_len);
331 msg->dict_len = dict_len;
332 msg->level = (facility << 3) | (level & 7);
333 msg->ts_nsec = local_clock();
334 memset(log_dict(msg) + dict_len, 0, pad_len);
335 msg->len = sizeof(struct log) + text_len + dict_len + pad_len;
338 log_next_idx += msg->len;
342 /* /dev/kmsg - userspace message inject/listen interface */
343 struct devkmsg_user {
350 static ssize_t devkmsg_writev(struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iv,
351 unsigned long count, loff_t pos)
355 int level = default_message_loglevel;
356 int facility = 1; /* LOG_USER */
357 size_t len = iov_length(iv, count);
360 if (len > LOG_LINE_MAX)
362 buf = kmalloc(len+1, GFP_KERNEL);
367 for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
368 if (copy_from_user(line, iv[i].iov_base, iv[i].iov_len))
370 line += iv[i].iov_len;
374 * Extract and skip the syslog prefix <[0-9]*>. Coming from userspace
375 * the decimal value represents 32bit, the lower 3 bit are the log
376 * level, the rest are the log facility.
378 * If no prefix or no userspace facility is specified, we
379 * enforce LOG_USER, to be able to reliably distinguish
380 * kernel-generated messages from userspace-injected ones.
383 if (line[0] == '<') {
386 i = simple_strtoul(line+1, &endp, 10);
387 if (endp && endp[0] == '>') {
398 printk_emit(facility, level, NULL, 0, "%s", line);
404 static ssize_t devkmsg_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
405 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
407 struct devkmsg_user *user = file->private_data;
417 mutex_lock(&user->lock);
418 raw_spin_lock(&logbuf_lock);
419 while (user->seq == log_next_seq) {
420 if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
422 raw_spin_unlock(&logbuf_lock);
426 raw_spin_unlock(&logbuf_lock);
427 ret = wait_event_interruptible(log_wait,
428 user->seq != log_next_seq);
431 raw_spin_lock(&logbuf_lock);
434 if (user->seq < log_first_seq) {
435 /* our last seen message is gone, return error and reset */
436 user->idx = log_first_idx;
437 user->seq = log_first_seq;
439 raw_spin_unlock(&logbuf_lock);
443 msg = log_from_idx(user->idx);
444 ts_usec = msg->ts_nsec;
445 do_div(ts_usec, 1000);
446 len = sprintf(user->buf, "%u,%llu,%llu;",
447 msg->level, user->seq, ts_usec);
449 /* escape non-printable characters */
450 for (i = 0; i < msg->text_len; i++) {
451 unsigned char c = log_text(msg)[i];
453 if (c < ' ' || c >= 128)
454 len += sprintf(user->buf + len, "\\x%02x", c);
456 user->buf[len++] = c;
458 user->buf[len++] = '\n';
463 for (i = 0; i < msg->dict_len; i++) {
464 unsigned char c = log_dict(msg)[i];
467 user->buf[len++] = ' ';
472 user->buf[len++] = '\n';
477 if (c < ' ' || c >= 128) {
478 len += sprintf(user->buf + len, "\\x%02x", c);
482 user->buf[len++] = c;
484 user->buf[len++] = '\n';
487 user->idx = log_next(user->idx);
489 raw_spin_unlock(&logbuf_lock);
496 if (copy_to_user(buf, user->buf, len)) {
502 mutex_unlock(&user->lock);
506 static loff_t devkmsg_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int whence)
508 struct devkmsg_user *user = file->private_data;
516 raw_spin_lock(&logbuf_lock);
519 /* the first record */
520 user->idx = log_first_idx;
521 user->seq = log_first_seq;
525 * The first record after the last SYSLOG_ACTION_CLEAR,
526 * like issued by 'dmesg -c'. Reading /dev/kmsg itself
527 * changes no global state, and does not clear anything.
529 user->idx = clear_idx;
530 user->seq = clear_seq;
533 /* after the last record */
534 user->idx = log_next_idx;
535 user->seq = log_next_seq;
540 raw_spin_unlock(&logbuf_lock);
544 static unsigned int devkmsg_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
546 struct devkmsg_user *user = file->private_data;
550 return POLLERR|POLLNVAL;
552 poll_wait(file, &log_wait, wait);
554 raw_spin_lock(&logbuf_lock);
555 if (user->seq < log_next_seq) {
556 /* return error when data has vanished underneath us */
557 if (user->seq < log_first_seq)
558 ret = POLLIN|POLLRDNORM|POLLERR|POLLPRI;
559 ret = POLLIN|POLLRDNORM;
561 raw_spin_unlock(&logbuf_lock);
566 static int devkmsg_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
568 struct devkmsg_user *user;
571 /* write-only does not need any file context */
572 if ((file->f_flags & O_ACCMODE) == O_WRONLY)
575 err = security_syslog(SYSLOG_ACTION_READ_ALL);
579 user = kmalloc(sizeof(struct devkmsg_user), GFP_KERNEL);
583 mutex_init(&user->lock);
585 raw_spin_lock(&logbuf_lock);
586 user->idx = log_first_idx;
587 user->seq = log_first_seq;
588 raw_spin_unlock(&logbuf_lock);
590 file->private_data = user;
594 static int devkmsg_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
596 struct devkmsg_user *user = file->private_data;
601 mutex_destroy(&user->lock);
606 const struct file_operations kmsg_fops = {
607 .open = devkmsg_open,
608 .read = devkmsg_read,
609 .aio_write = devkmsg_writev,
610 .llseek = devkmsg_llseek,
611 .poll = devkmsg_poll,
612 .release = devkmsg_release,
617 * This appends the listed symbols to /proc/vmcoreinfo
619 * /proc/vmcoreinfo is used by various utiilties, like crash and makedumpfile to
620 * obtain access to symbols that are otherwise very difficult to locate. These
621 * symbols are specifically used so that utilities can access and extract the
622 * dmesg log from a vmcore file after a crash.
624 void log_buf_kexec_setup(void)
626 VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(log_buf);
627 VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(log_buf_len);
628 VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(log_first_idx);
629 VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(log_next_idx);
633 /* requested log_buf_len from kernel cmdline */
634 static unsigned long __initdata new_log_buf_len;
636 /* save requested log_buf_len since it's too early to process it */
637 static int __init log_buf_len_setup(char *str)
639 unsigned size = memparse(str, &str);
642 size = roundup_pow_of_two(size);
643 if (size > log_buf_len)
644 new_log_buf_len = size;
648 early_param("log_buf_len", log_buf_len_setup);
650 void __init setup_log_buf(int early)
656 if (!new_log_buf_len)
662 mem = memblock_alloc(new_log_buf_len, PAGE_SIZE);
665 new_log_buf = __va(mem);
667 new_log_buf = alloc_bootmem_nopanic(new_log_buf_len);
670 if (unlikely(!new_log_buf)) {
671 pr_err("log_buf_len: %ld bytes not available\n",
676 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&logbuf_lock, flags);
677 log_buf_len = new_log_buf_len;
678 log_buf = new_log_buf;
680 free = __LOG_BUF_LEN - log_next_idx;
681 memcpy(log_buf, __log_buf, __LOG_BUF_LEN);
682 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&logbuf_lock, flags);
684 pr_info("log_buf_len: %d\n", log_buf_len);
685 pr_info("early log buf free: %d(%d%%)\n",
686 free, (free * 100) / __LOG_BUF_LEN);
689 #ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_PRINTK_DELAY
691 static int boot_delay; /* msecs delay after each printk during bootup */
692 static unsigned long long loops_per_msec; /* based on boot_delay */
694 static int __init boot_delay_setup(char *str)
698 lpj = preset_lpj ? preset_lpj : 1000000; /* some guess */
699 loops_per_msec = (unsigned long long)lpj / 1000 * HZ;
701 get_option(&str, &boot_delay);
702 if (boot_delay > 10 * 1000)
705 pr_debug("boot_delay: %u, preset_lpj: %ld, lpj: %lu, "
706 "HZ: %d, loops_per_msec: %llu\n",
707 boot_delay, preset_lpj, lpj, HZ, loops_per_msec);
710 __setup("boot_delay=", boot_delay_setup);
712 static void boot_delay_msec(void)
714 unsigned long long k;
715 unsigned long timeout;
717 if (boot_delay == 0 || system_state != SYSTEM_BOOTING)
720 k = (unsigned long long)loops_per_msec * boot_delay;
722 timeout = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(boot_delay);
727 * use (volatile) jiffies to prevent
728 * compiler reduction; loop termination via jiffies
729 * is secondary and may or may not happen.
731 if (time_after(jiffies, timeout))
733 touch_nmi_watchdog();
737 static inline void boot_delay_msec(void)
742 #ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY_DMESG_RESTRICT
743 int dmesg_restrict = 1;
748 static int syslog_action_restricted(int type)
752 /* Unless restricted, we allow "read all" and "get buffer size" for everybody */
753 return type != SYSLOG_ACTION_READ_ALL && type != SYSLOG_ACTION_SIZE_BUFFER;
756 static int check_syslog_permissions(int type, bool from_file)
759 * If this is from /proc/kmsg and we've already opened it, then we've
760 * already done the capabilities checks at open time.
762 if (from_file && type != SYSLOG_ACTION_OPEN)
765 if (syslog_action_restricted(type)) {
766 if (capable(CAP_SYSLOG))
768 /* For historical reasons, accept CAP_SYS_ADMIN too, with a warning */
769 if (capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) {
770 printk_once(KERN_WARNING "%s (%d): "
771 "Attempt to access syslog with CAP_SYS_ADMIN "
772 "but no CAP_SYSLOG (deprecated).\n",
773 current->comm, task_pid_nr(current));
781 #if defined(CONFIG_PRINTK_TIME)
782 static bool printk_time = 1;
784 static bool printk_time;
786 module_param_named(time, printk_time, bool, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR);
788 static size_t print_prefix(const struct log *msg, bool syslog, char *buf)
794 len += sprintf(buf, "<%u>", msg->level);
806 unsigned long long ts = msg->ts_nsec;
807 unsigned long rem_nsec = do_div(ts, 1000000000);
809 len += sprintf(buf + len, "[%5lu.%06lu] ",
810 (unsigned long) ts, rem_nsec / 1000);
819 static size_t msg_print_text(const struct log *msg, bool syslog,
820 char *buf, size_t size)
822 const char *text = log_text(msg);
823 size_t text_size = msg->text_len;
827 const char *next = memchr(text, '\n', text_size);
831 text_len = next - text;
833 text_size -= next - text;
835 text_len = text_size;
839 if (print_prefix(msg, syslog, NULL) +
840 text_len + 1>= size - len)
843 len += print_prefix(msg, syslog, buf + len);
844 memcpy(buf + len, text, text_len);
848 /* SYSLOG_ACTION_* buffer size only calculation */
849 len += print_prefix(msg, syslog, NULL);
859 static int syslog_print(char __user *buf, int size)
865 text = kmalloc(LOG_LINE_MAX, GFP_KERNEL);
869 raw_spin_lock_irq(&logbuf_lock);
870 if (syslog_seq < log_first_seq) {
871 /* messages are gone, move to first one */
872 syslog_seq = log_first_seq;
873 syslog_idx = log_first_idx;
875 msg = log_from_idx(syslog_idx);
876 len = msg_print_text(msg, true, text, LOG_LINE_MAX);
877 syslog_idx = log_next(syslog_idx);
879 raw_spin_unlock_irq(&logbuf_lock);
881 if (len > 0 && copy_to_user(buf, text, len))
888 static int syslog_print_all(char __user *buf, int size, bool clear)
893 text = kmalloc(LOG_LINE_MAX, GFP_KERNEL);
897 raw_spin_lock_irq(&logbuf_lock);
903 if (clear_seq < log_first_seq) {
904 /* messages are gone, move to first available one */
905 clear_seq = log_first_seq;
906 clear_idx = log_first_idx;
910 * Find first record that fits, including all following records,
911 * into the user-provided buffer for this dump.
915 while (seq < log_next_seq) {
916 struct log *msg = log_from_idx(idx);
918 len += msg_print_text(msg, true, NULL, 0);
924 while (len > size && seq < log_next_seq) {
925 struct log *msg = log_from_idx(idx);
927 len -= msg_print_text(msg, true, NULL, 0);
932 /* last message in this dump */
933 next_seq = log_next_seq;
936 while (len >= 0 && seq < next_seq) {
937 struct log *msg = log_from_idx(idx);
940 textlen = msg_print_text(msg, true, text, LOG_LINE_MAX);
948 raw_spin_unlock_irq(&logbuf_lock);
949 if (copy_to_user(buf + len, text, textlen))
953 raw_spin_lock_irq(&logbuf_lock);
955 if (seq < log_first_seq) {
956 /* messages are gone, move to next one */
964 clear_seq = log_next_seq;
965 clear_idx = log_next_idx;
967 raw_spin_unlock_irq(&logbuf_lock);
973 int do_syslog(int type, char __user *buf, int len, bool from_file)
976 static int saved_console_loglevel = -1;
979 error = check_syslog_permissions(type, from_file);
983 error = security_syslog(type);
988 case SYSLOG_ACTION_CLOSE: /* Close log */
990 case SYSLOG_ACTION_OPEN: /* Open log */
992 case SYSLOG_ACTION_READ: /* Read from log */
999 if (!access_ok(VERIFY_WRITE, buf, len)) {
1003 error = wait_event_interruptible(log_wait,
1004 syslog_seq != log_next_seq);
1007 error = syslog_print(buf, len);
1009 /* Read/clear last kernel messages */
1010 case SYSLOG_ACTION_READ_CLEAR:
1013 /* Read last kernel messages */
1014 case SYSLOG_ACTION_READ_ALL:
1016 if (!buf || len < 0)
1021 if (!access_ok(VERIFY_WRITE, buf, len)) {
1025 error = syslog_print_all(buf, len, clear);
1027 /* Clear ring buffer */
1028 case SYSLOG_ACTION_CLEAR:
1029 syslog_print_all(NULL, 0, true);
1030 /* Disable logging to console */
1031 case SYSLOG_ACTION_CONSOLE_OFF:
1032 if (saved_console_loglevel == -1)
1033 saved_console_loglevel = console_loglevel;
1034 console_loglevel = minimum_console_loglevel;
1036 /* Enable logging to console */
1037 case SYSLOG_ACTION_CONSOLE_ON:
1038 if (saved_console_loglevel != -1) {
1039 console_loglevel = saved_console_loglevel;
1040 saved_console_loglevel = -1;
1043 /* Set level of messages printed to console */
1044 case SYSLOG_ACTION_CONSOLE_LEVEL:
1046 if (len < 1 || len > 8)
1048 if (len < minimum_console_loglevel)
1049 len = minimum_console_loglevel;
1050 console_loglevel = len;
1051 /* Implicitly re-enable logging to console */
1052 saved_console_loglevel = -1;
1055 /* Number of chars in the log buffer */
1056 case SYSLOG_ACTION_SIZE_UNREAD:
1057 raw_spin_lock_irq(&logbuf_lock);
1058 if (syslog_seq < log_first_seq) {
1059 /* messages are gone, move to first one */
1060 syslog_seq = log_first_seq;
1061 syslog_idx = log_first_idx;
1065 * Short-cut for poll(/"proc/kmsg") which simply checks
1066 * for pending data, not the size; return the count of
1067 * records, not the length.
1069 error = log_next_idx - syslog_idx;
1077 while (seq < log_next_seq) {
1078 struct log *msg = log_from_idx(idx);
1080 error += msg_print_text(msg, true, NULL, 0);
1081 idx = log_next(idx);
1085 raw_spin_unlock_irq(&logbuf_lock);
1087 /* Size of the log buffer */
1088 case SYSLOG_ACTION_SIZE_BUFFER:
1089 error = log_buf_len;
1099 SYSCALL_DEFINE3(syslog, int, type, char __user *, buf, int, len)
1101 return do_syslog(type, buf, len, SYSLOG_FROM_CALL);
1104 #ifdef CONFIG_KGDB_KDB
1105 /* kdb dmesg command needs access to the syslog buffer. do_syslog()
1106 * uses locks so it cannot be used during debugging. Just tell kdb
1107 * where the start and end of the physical and logical logs are. This
1108 * is equivalent to do_syslog(3).
1110 void kdb_syslog_data(char *syslog_data[4])
1112 syslog_data[0] = log_buf;
1113 syslog_data[1] = log_buf + log_buf_len;
1114 syslog_data[2] = log_buf + log_first_idx;
1115 syslog_data[3] = log_buf + log_next_idx;
1117 #endif /* CONFIG_KGDB_KDB */
1119 static bool __read_mostly ignore_loglevel;
1121 static int __init ignore_loglevel_setup(char *str)
1123 ignore_loglevel = 1;
1124 printk(KERN_INFO "debug: ignoring loglevel setting.\n");
1129 early_param("ignore_loglevel", ignore_loglevel_setup);
1130 module_param(ignore_loglevel, bool, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR);
1131 MODULE_PARM_DESC(ignore_loglevel, "ignore loglevel setting, to"
1132 "print all kernel messages to the console.");
1135 * Call the console drivers, asking them to write out
1136 * log_buf[start] to log_buf[end - 1].
1137 * The console_lock must be held.
1139 static void call_console_drivers(int level, const char *text, size_t len)
1141 struct console *con;
1143 trace_console(text, 0, len, len);
1145 if (level >= console_loglevel && !ignore_loglevel)
1147 if (!console_drivers)
1150 for_each_console(con) {
1151 if (exclusive_console && con != exclusive_console)
1153 if (!(con->flags & CON_ENABLED))
1157 if (!cpu_online(smp_processor_id()) &&
1158 !(con->flags & CON_ANYTIME))
1160 con->write(con, text, len);
1165 * Zap console related locks when oopsing. Only zap at most once
1166 * every 10 seconds, to leave time for slow consoles to print a
1169 static void zap_locks(void)
1171 static unsigned long oops_timestamp;
1173 if (time_after_eq(jiffies, oops_timestamp) &&
1174 !time_after(jiffies, oops_timestamp + 30 * HZ))
1177 oops_timestamp = jiffies;
1180 /* If a crash is occurring, make sure we can't deadlock */
1181 raw_spin_lock_init(&logbuf_lock);
1182 /* And make sure that we print immediately */
1183 sema_init(&console_sem, 1);
1186 /* Check if we have any console registered that can be called early in boot. */
1187 static int have_callable_console(void)
1189 struct console *con;
1191 for_each_console(con)
1192 if (con->flags & CON_ANYTIME)
1199 * Can we actually use the console at this time on this cpu?
1201 * Console drivers may assume that per-cpu resources have
1202 * been allocated. So unless they're explicitly marked as
1203 * being able to cope (CON_ANYTIME) don't call them until
1204 * this CPU is officially up.
1206 static inline int can_use_console(unsigned int cpu)
1208 return cpu_online(cpu) || have_callable_console();
1212 * Try to get console ownership to actually show the kernel
1213 * messages from a 'printk'. Return true (and with the
1214 * console_lock held, and 'console_locked' set) if it
1215 * is successful, false otherwise.
1217 * This gets called with the 'logbuf_lock' spinlock held and
1218 * interrupts disabled. It should return with 'lockbuf_lock'
1219 * released but interrupts still disabled.
1221 static int console_trylock_for_printk(unsigned int cpu)
1222 __releases(&logbuf_lock)
1224 int retval = 0, wake = 0;
1226 if (console_trylock()) {
1230 * If we can't use the console, we need to release
1231 * the console semaphore by hand to avoid flushing
1232 * the buffer. We need to hold the console semaphore
1233 * in order to do this test safely.
1235 if (!can_use_console(cpu)) {
1241 logbuf_cpu = UINT_MAX;
1244 raw_spin_unlock(&logbuf_lock);
1248 int printk_delay_msec __read_mostly;
1250 static inline void printk_delay(void)
1252 if (unlikely(printk_delay_msec)) {
1253 int m = printk_delay_msec;
1257 touch_nmi_watchdog();
1262 asmlinkage int vprintk_emit(int facility, int level,
1263 const char *dict, size_t dictlen,
1264 const char *fmt, va_list args)
1266 static int recursion_bug;
1267 static char cont_buf[LOG_LINE_MAX];
1268 static size_t cont_len;
1269 static int cont_level;
1270 static struct task_struct *cont_task;
1271 static char textbuf[LOG_LINE_MAX];
1272 char *text = textbuf;
1274 unsigned long flags;
1276 bool newline = false;
1277 bool prefix = false;
1278 int printed_len = 0;
1283 /* This stops the holder of console_sem just where we want him */
1284 local_irq_save(flags);
1285 this_cpu = smp_processor_id();
1288 * Ouch, printk recursed into itself!
1290 if (unlikely(logbuf_cpu == this_cpu)) {
1292 * If a crash is occurring during printk() on this CPU,
1293 * then try to get the crash message out but make sure
1294 * we can't deadlock. Otherwise just return to avoid the
1295 * recursion and return - but flag the recursion so that
1296 * it can be printed at the next appropriate moment:
1298 if (!oops_in_progress && !lockdep_recursing(current)) {
1300 goto out_restore_irqs;
1306 raw_spin_lock(&logbuf_lock);
1307 logbuf_cpu = this_cpu;
1309 if (recursion_bug) {
1310 static const char recursion_msg[] =
1311 "BUG: recent printk recursion!";
1314 printed_len += strlen(recursion_msg);
1315 /* emit KERN_CRIT message */
1316 log_store(0, 2, NULL, 0, recursion_msg, printed_len);
1320 * The printf needs to come first; we need the syslog
1321 * prefix which might be passed-in as a parameter.
1323 text_len = vscnprintf(text, sizeof(textbuf), fmt, args);
1325 /* mark and strip a trailing newline */
1326 if (text_len && text[text_len-1] == '\n') {
1331 /* strip syslog prefix and extract log level or control flags */
1332 if (text[0] == '<' && text[1] && text[2] == '>') {
1336 level = text[1] - '0';
1337 case 'd': /* KERN_DEFAULT */
1339 case 'c': /* KERN_CONT */
1346 level = default_message_loglevel;
1354 if (cont_len && (prefix || cont_task != current)) {
1356 * Flush earlier buffer, which is either from a
1357 * different thread, or when we got a new prefix.
1359 log_store(facility, cont_level, NULL, 0, cont_buf, cont_len);
1365 cont_task = current;
1368 /* buffer or append to earlier buffer from the same thread */
1369 if (cont_len + text_len > sizeof(cont_buf))
1370 text_len = sizeof(cont_buf) - cont_len;
1371 memcpy(cont_buf + cont_len, text, text_len);
1372 cont_len += text_len;
1374 if (cont_len && cont_task == current) {
1377 * New prefix from the same thread; flush. We
1378 * either got no earlier newline, or we race
1379 * with an interrupt.
1381 log_store(facility, cont_level,
1382 NULL, 0, cont_buf, cont_len);
1386 /* append to the earlier buffer and flush */
1387 if (cont_len + text_len > sizeof(cont_buf))
1388 text_len = sizeof(cont_buf) - cont_len;
1389 memcpy(cont_buf + cont_len, text, text_len);
1390 cont_len += text_len;
1391 log_store(facility, cont_level,
1392 NULL, 0, cont_buf, cont_len);
1395 printed_len = cont_len;
1397 /* ordinary single and terminated line */
1398 log_store(facility, level,
1399 dict, dictlen, text, text_len);
1400 printed_len = text_len;
1405 * Try to acquire and then immediately release the console semaphore.
1406 * The release will print out buffers and wake up /dev/kmsg and syslog()
1409 * The console_trylock_for_printk() function will release 'logbuf_lock'
1410 * regardless of whether it actually gets the console semaphore or not.
1412 if (console_trylock_for_printk(this_cpu))
1417 local_irq_restore(flags);
1421 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vprintk_emit);
1423 asmlinkage int vprintk(const char *fmt, va_list args)
1425 return vprintk_emit(0, -1, NULL, 0, fmt, args);
1427 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vprintk);
1429 asmlinkage int printk_emit(int facility, int level,
1430 const char *dict, size_t dictlen,
1431 const char *fmt, ...)
1436 va_start(args, fmt);
1437 r = vprintk_emit(facility, level, dict, dictlen, fmt, args);
1442 EXPORT_SYMBOL(printk_emit);
1445 * printk - print a kernel message
1446 * @fmt: format string
1448 * This is printk(). It can be called from any context. We want it to work.
1450 * We try to grab the console_lock. If we succeed, it's easy - we log the
1451 * output and call the console drivers. If we fail to get the semaphore, we
1452 * place the output into the log buffer and return. The current holder of
1453 * the console_sem will notice the new output in console_unlock(); and will
1454 * send it to the consoles before releasing the lock.
1456 * One effect of this deferred printing is that code which calls printk() and
1457 * then changes console_loglevel may break. This is because console_loglevel
1458 * is inspected when the actual printing occurs.
1463 * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
1465 asmlinkage int printk(const char *fmt, ...)
1470 #ifdef CONFIG_KGDB_KDB
1471 if (unlikely(kdb_trap_printk)) {
1472 va_start(args, fmt);
1473 r = vkdb_printf(fmt, args);
1478 va_start(args, fmt);
1479 r = vprintk_emit(0, -1, NULL, 0, fmt, args);
1484 EXPORT_SYMBOL(printk);
1488 #define LOG_LINE_MAX 0
1489 static struct log *log_from_idx(u32 idx) { return NULL; }
1490 static u32 log_next(u32 idx) { return 0; }
1491 static void call_console_drivers(int level, const char *text, size_t len) {}
1492 static size_t msg_print_text(const struct log *msg, bool syslog,
1493 char *buf, size_t size) { return 0; }
1495 #endif /* CONFIG_PRINTK */
1497 static int __add_preferred_console(char *name, int idx, char *options,
1500 struct console_cmdline *c;
1504 * See if this tty is not yet registered, and
1505 * if we have a slot free.
1507 for (i = 0; i < MAX_CMDLINECONSOLES && console_cmdline[i].name[0]; i++)
1508 if (strcmp(console_cmdline[i].name, name) == 0 &&
1509 console_cmdline[i].index == idx) {
1511 selected_console = i;
1514 if (i == MAX_CMDLINECONSOLES)
1517 selected_console = i;
1518 c = &console_cmdline[i];
1519 strlcpy(c->name, name, sizeof(c->name));
1520 c->options = options;
1521 #ifdef CONFIG_A11Y_BRAILLE_CONSOLE
1522 c->brl_options = brl_options;
1528 * Set up a list of consoles. Called from init/main.c
1530 static int __init console_setup(char *str)
1532 char buf[sizeof(console_cmdline[0].name) + 4]; /* 4 for index */
1533 char *s, *options, *brl_options = NULL;
1536 #ifdef CONFIG_A11Y_BRAILLE_CONSOLE
1537 if (!memcmp(str, "brl,", 4)) {
1540 } else if (!memcmp(str, "brl=", 4)) {
1541 brl_options = str + 4;
1542 str = strchr(brl_options, ',');
1544 printk(KERN_ERR "need port name after brl=\n");
1552 * Decode str into name, index, options.
1554 if (str[0] >= '0' && str[0] <= '9') {
1555 strcpy(buf, "ttyS");
1556 strncpy(buf + 4, str, sizeof(buf) - 5);
1558 strncpy(buf, str, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1560 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = 0;
1561 if ((options = strchr(str, ',')) != NULL)
1564 if (!strcmp(str, "ttya"))
1565 strcpy(buf, "ttyS0");
1566 if (!strcmp(str, "ttyb"))
1567 strcpy(buf, "ttyS1");
1569 for (s = buf; *s; s++)
1570 if ((*s >= '0' && *s <= '9') || *s == ',')
1572 idx = simple_strtoul(s, NULL, 10);
1575 __add_preferred_console(buf, idx, options, brl_options);
1576 console_set_on_cmdline = 1;
1579 __setup("console=", console_setup);
1582 * add_preferred_console - add a device to the list of preferred consoles.
1583 * @name: device name
1584 * @idx: device index
1585 * @options: options for this console
1587 * The last preferred console added will be used for kernel messages
1588 * and stdin/out/err for init. Normally this is used by console_setup
1589 * above to handle user-supplied console arguments; however it can also
1590 * be used by arch-specific code either to override the user or more
1591 * commonly to provide a default console (ie from PROM variables) when
1592 * the user has not supplied one.
1594 int add_preferred_console(char *name, int idx, char *options)
1596 return __add_preferred_console(name, idx, options, NULL);
1599 int update_console_cmdline(char *name, int idx, char *name_new, int idx_new, char *options)
1601 struct console_cmdline *c;
1604 for (i = 0; i < MAX_CMDLINECONSOLES && console_cmdline[i].name[0]; i++)
1605 if (strcmp(console_cmdline[i].name, name) == 0 &&
1606 console_cmdline[i].index == idx) {
1607 c = &console_cmdline[i];
1608 strlcpy(c->name, name_new, sizeof(c->name));
1609 c->name[sizeof(c->name) - 1] = 0;
1610 c->options = options;
1618 bool console_suspend_enabled = 1;
1619 EXPORT_SYMBOL(console_suspend_enabled);
1621 static int __init console_suspend_disable(char *str)
1623 console_suspend_enabled = 0;
1626 __setup("no_console_suspend", console_suspend_disable);
1627 module_param_named(console_suspend, console_suspend_enabled,
1628 bool, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR);
1629 MODULE_PARM_DESC(console_suspend, "suspend console during suspend"
1630 " and hibernate operations");
1633 * suspend_console - suspend the console subsystem
1635 * This disables printk() while we go into suspend states
1637 void suspend_console(void)
1639 if (!console_suspend_enabled)
1641 printk("Suspending console(s) (use no_console_suspend to debug)\n");
1643 console_suspended = 1;
1647 void resume_console(void)
1649 if (!console_suspend_enabled)
1652 console_suspended = 0;
1657 * console_cpu_notify - print deferred console messages after CPU hotplug
1658 * @self: notifier struct
1659 * @action: CPU hotplug event
1662 * If printk() is called from a CPU that is not online yet, the messages
1663 * will be spooled but will not show up on the console. This function is
1664 * called when a new CPU comes online (or fails to come up), and ensures
1665 * that any such output gets printed.
1667 static int __cpuinit console_cpu_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
1668 unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
1674 case CPU_DOWN_FAILED:
1675 case CPU_UP_CANCELED:
1683 * console_lock - lock the console system for exclusive use.
1685 * Acquires a lock which guarantees that the caller has
1686 * exclusive access to the console system and the console_drivers list.
1688 * Can sleep, returns nothing.
1690 void console_lock(void)
1692 BUG_ON(in_interrupt());
1694 if (console_suspended)
1697 console_may_schedule = 1;
1699 EXPORT_SYMBOL(console_lock);
1702 * console_trylock - try to lock the console system for exclusive use.
1704 * Tried to acquire a lock which guarantees that the caller has
1705 * exclusive access to the console system and the console_drivers list.
1707 * returns 1 on success, and 0 on failure to acquire the lock.
1709 int console_trylock(void)
1711 if (down_trylock(&console_sem))
1713 if (console_suspended) {
1718 console_may_schedule = 0;
1721 EXPORT_SYMBOL(console_trylock);
1723 int is_console_locked(void)
1725 return console_locked;
1729 * Delayed printk version, for scheduler-internal messages:
1731 #define PRINTK_BUF_SIZE 512
1733 #define PRINTK_PENDING_WAKEUP 0x01
1734 #define PRINTK_PENDING_SCHED 0x02
1736 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, printk_pending);
1737 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(char [PRINTK_BUF_SIZE], printk_sched_buf);
1739 void printk_tick(void)
1741 if (__this_cpu_read(printk_pending)) {
1742 int pending = __this_cpu_xchg(printk_pending, 0);
1743 if (pending & PRINTK_PENDING_SCHED) {
1744 char *buf = __get_cpu_var(printk_sched_buf);
1745 printk(KERN_WARNING "[sched_delayed] %s", buf);
1747 if (pending & PRINTK_PENDING_WAKEUP)
1748 wake_up_interruptible(&log_wait);
1752 int printk_needs_cpu(int cpu)
1754 if (cpu_is_offline(cpu))
1756 return __this_cpu_read(printk_pending);
1759 void wake_up_klogd(void)
1761 if (waitqueue_active(&log_wait))
1762 this_cpu_or(printk_pending, PRINTK_PENDING_WAKEUP);
1765 /* the next printk record to write to the console */
1766 static u64 console_seq;
1767 static u32 console_idx;
1770 * console_unlock - unlock the console system
1772 * Releases the console_lock which the caller holds on the console system
1773 * and the console driver list.
1775 * While the console_lock was held, console output may have been buffered
1776 * by printk(). If this is the case, console_unlock(); emits
1777 * the output prior to releasing the lock.
1779 * If there is output waiting, we wake /dev/kmsg and syslog() users.
1781 * console_unlock(); may be called from any context.
1783 void console_unlock(void)
1785 static u64 seen_seq;
1786 unsigned long flags;
1787 bool wake_klogd = false;
1790 if (console_suspended) {
1795 console_may_schedule = 0;
1800 static char text[LOG_LINE_MAX];
1804 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&logbuf_lock, flags);
1805 if (seen_seq != log_next_seq) {
1807 seen_seq = log_next_seq;
1810 if (console_seq < log_first_seq) {
1811 /* messages are gone, move to first one */
1812 console_seq = log_first_seq;
1813 console_idx = log_first_idx;
1816 if (console_seq == log_next_seq)
1819 msg = log_from_idx(console_idx);
1820 level = msg->level & 7;
1822 len = msg_print_text(msg, false, text, sizeof(text));
1824 console_idx = log_next(console_idx);
1826 raw_spin_unlock(&logbuf_lock);
1828 stop_critical_timings(); /* don't trace print latency */
1829 call_console_drivers(level, text, len);
1830 start_critical_timings();
1831 local_irq_restore(flags);
1835 /* Release the exclusive_console once it is used */
1836 if (unlikely(exclusive_console))
1837 exclusive_console = NULL;
1839 raw_spin_unlock(&logbuf_lock);
1844 * Someone could have filled up the buffer again, so re-check if there's
1845 * something to flush. In case we cannot trylock the console_sem again,
1846 * there's a new owner and the console_unlock() from them will do the
1847 * flush, no worries.
1849 raw_spin_lock(&logbuf_lock);
1850 retry = console_seq != log_next_seq;
1851 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&logbuf_lock, flags);
1853 if (retry && console_trylock())
1859 EXPORT_SYMBOL(console_unlock);
1862 * console_conditional_schedule - yield the CPU if required
1864 * If the console code is currently allowed to sleep, and
1865 * if this CPU should yield the CPU to another task, do
1868 * Must be called within console_lock();.
1870 void __sched console_conditional_schedule(void)
1872 if (console_may_schedule)
1875 EXPORT_SYMBOL(console_conditional_schedule);
1877 void console_unblank(void)
1882 * console_unblank can no longer be called in interrupt context unless
1883 * oops_in_progress is set to 1..
1885 if (oops_in_progress) {
1886 if (down_trylock(&console_sem) != 0)
1892 console_may_schedule = 0;
1894 if ((c->flags & CON_ENABLED) && c->unblank)
1900 * Return the console tty driver structure and its associated index
1902 struct tty_driver *console_device(int *index)
1905 struct tty_driver *driver = NULL;
1908 for_each_console(c) {
1911 driver = c->device(c, index);
1920 * Prevent further output on the passed console device so that (for example)
1921 * serial drivers can disable console output before suspending a port, and can
1922 * re-enable output afterwards.
1924 void console_stop(struct console *console)
1927 console->flags &= ~CON_ENABLED;
1930 EXPORT_SYMBOL(console_stop);
1932 void console_start(struct console *console)
1935 console->flags |= CON_ENABLED;
1938 EXPORT_SYMBOL(console_start);
1940 static int __read_mostly keep_bootcon;
1942 static int __init keep_bootcon_setup(char *str)
1945 printk(KERN_INFO "debug: skip boot console de-registration.\n");
1950 early_param("keep_bootcon", keep_bootcon_setup);
1953 * The console driver calls this routine during kernel initialization
1954 * to register the console printing procedure with printk() and to
1955 * print any messages that were printed by the kernel before the
1956 * console driver was initialized.
1958 * This can happen pretty early during the boot process (because of
1959 * early_printk) - sometimes before setup_arch() completes - be careful
1960 * of what kernel features are used - they may not be initialised yet.
1962 * There are two types of consoles - bootconsoles (early_printk) and
1963 * "real" consoles (everything which is not a bootconsole) which are
1964 * handled differently.
1965 * - Any number of bootconsoles can be registered at any time.
1966 * - As soon as a "real" console is registered, all bootconsoles
1967 * will be unregistered automatically.
1968 * - Once a "real" console is registered, any attempt to register a
1969 * bootconsoles will be rejected
1971 void register_console(struct console *newcon)
1974 unsigned long flags;
1975 struct console *bcon = NULL;
1978 * before we register a new CON_BOOT console, make sure we don't
1979 * already have a valid console
1981 if (console_drivers && newcon->flags & CON_BOOT) {
1982 /* find the last or real console */
1983 for_each_console(bcon) {
1984 if (!(bcon->flags & CON_BOOT)) {
1985 printk(KERN_INFO "Too late to register bootconsole %s%d\n",
1986 newcon->name, newcon->index);
1992 if (console_drivers && console_drivers->flags & CON_BOOT)
1993 bcon = console_drivers;
1995 if (preferred_console < 0 || bcon || !console_drivers)
1996 preferred_console = selected_console;
1998 if (newcon->early_setup)
1999 newcon->early_setup();
2002 * See if we want to use this console driver. If we
2003 * didn't select a console we take the first one
2004 * that registers here.
2006 if (preferred_console < 0) {
2007 if (newcon->index < 0)
2009 if (newcon->setup == NULL ||
2010 newcon->setup(newcon, NULL) == 0) {
2011 newcon->flags |= CON_ENABLED;
2012 if (newcon->device) {
2013 newcon->flags |= CON_CONSDEV;
2014 preferred_console = 0;
2020 * See if this console matches one we selected on
2023 for (i = 0; i < MAX_CMDLINECONSOLES && console_cmdline[i].name[0];
2025 if (strcmp(console_cmdline[i].name, newcon->name) != 0)
2027 if (newcon->index >= 0 &&
2028 newcon->index != console_cmdline[i].index)
2030 if (newcon->index < 0)
2031 newcon->index = console_cmdline[i].index;
2032 #ifdef CONFIG_A11Y_BRAILLE_CONSOLE
2033 if (console_cmdline[i].brl_options) {
2034 newcon->flags |= CON_BRL;
2035 braille_register_console(newcon,
2036 console_cmdline[i].index,
2037 console_cmdline[i].options,
2038 console_cmdline[i].brl_options);
2042 if (newcon->setup &&
2043 newcon->setup(newcon, console_cmdline[i].options) != 0)
2045 newcon->flags |= CON_ENABLED;
2046 newcon->index = console_cmdline[i].index;
2047 if (i == selected_console) {
2048 newcon->flags |= CON_CONSDEV;
2049 preferred_console = selected_console;
2054 if (!(newcon->flags & CON_ENABLED))
2058 * If we have a bootconsole, and are switching to a real console,
2059 * don't print everything out again, since when the boot console, and
2060 * the real console are the same physical device, it's annoying to
2061 * see the beginning boot messages twice
2063 if (bcon && ((newcon->flags & (CON_CONSDEV | CON_BOOT)) == CON_CONSDEV))
2064 newcon->flags &= ~CON_PRINTBUFFER;
2067 * Put this console in the list - keep the
2068 * preferred driver at the head of the list.
2071 if ((newcon->flags & CON_CONSDEV) || console_drivers == NULL) {
2072 newcon->next = console_drivers;
2073 console_drivers = newcon;
2075 newcon->next->flags &= ~CON_CONSDEV;
2077 newcon->next = console_drivers->next;
2078 console_drivers->next = newcon;
2080 if (newcon->flags & CON_PRINTBUFFER) {
2082 * console_unlock(); will print out the buffered messages
2085 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&logbuf_lock, flags);
2086 console_seq = syslog_seq;
2087 console_idx = syslog_idx;
2088 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&logbuf_lock, flags);
2090 * We're about to replay the log buffer. Only do this to the
2091 * just-registered console to avoid excessive message spam to
2092 * the already-registered consoles.
2094 exclusive_console = newcon;
2097 console_sysfs_notify();
2100 * By unregistering the bootconsoles after we enable the real console
2101 * we get the "console xxx enabled" message on all the consoles -
2102 * boot consoles, real consoles, etc - this is to ensure that end
2103 * users know there might be something in the kernel's log buffer that
2104 * went to the bootconsole (that they do not see on the real console)
2107 ((newcon->flags & (CON_CONSDEV | CON_BOOT)) == CON_CONSDEV) &&
2109 /* we need to iterate through twice, to make sure we print
2110 * everything out, before we unregister the console(s)
2112 printk(KERN_INFO "console [%s%d] enabled, bootconsole disabled\n",
2113 newcon->name, newcon->index);
2114 for_each_console(bcon)
2115 if (bcon->flags & CON_BOOT)
2116 unregister_console(bcon);
2118 printk(KERN_INFO "%sconsole [%s%d] enabled\n",
2119 (newcon->flags & CON_BOOT) ? "boot" : "" ,
2120 newcon->name, newcon->index);
2123 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_console);
2125 int unregister_console(struct console *console)
2127 struct console *a, *b;
2130 #ifdef CONFIG_A11Y_BRAILLE_CONSOLE
2131 if (console->flags & CON_BRL)
2132 return braille_unregister_console(console);
2136 if (console_drivers == console) {
2137 console_drivers=console->next;
2139 } else if (console_drivers) {
2140 for (a=console_drivers->next, b=console_drivers ;
2141 a; b=a, a=b->next) {
2151 * If this isn't the last console and it has CON_CONSDEV set, we
2152 * need to set it on the next preferred console.
2154 if (console_drivers != NULL && console->flags & CON_CONSDEV)
2155 console_drivers->flags |= CON_CONSDEV;
2158 console_sysfs_notify();
2161 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_console);
2163 static int __init printk_late_init(void)
2165 struct console *con;
2167 for_each_console(con) {
2168 if (!keep_bootcon && con->flags & CON_BOOT) {
2169 printk(KERN_INFO "turn off boot console %s%d\n",
2170 con->name, con->index);
2171 unregister_console(con);
2174 hotcpu_notifier(console_cpu_notify, 0);
2177 late_initcall(printk_late_init);
2179 #if defined CONFIG_PRINTK
2181 int printk_sched(const char *fmt, ...)
2183 unsigned long flags;
2188 local_irq_save(flags);
2189 buf = __get_cpu_var(printk_sched_buf);
2191 va_start(args, fmt);
2192 r = vsnprintf(buf, PRINTK_BUF_SIZE, fmt, args);
2195 __this_cpu_or(printk_pending, PRINTK_PENDING_SCHED);
2196 local_irq_restore(flags);
2202 * printk rate limiting, lifted from the networking subsystem.
2204 * This enforces a rate limit: not more than 10 kernel messages
2205 * every 5s to make a denial-of-service attack impossible.
2207 DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(printk_ratelimit_state, 5 * HZ, 10);
2209 int __printk_ratelimit(const char *func)
2211 return ___ratelimit(&printk_ratelimit_state, func);
2213 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__printk_ratelimit);
2216 * printk_timed_ratelimit - caller-controlled printk ratelimiting
2217 * @caller_jiffies: pointer to caller's state
2218 * @interval_msecs: minimum interval between prints
2220 * printk_timed_ratelimit() returns true if more than @interval_msecs
2221 * milliseconds have elapsed since the last time printk_timed_ratelimit()
2224 bool printk_timed_ratelimit(unsigned long *caller_jiffies,
2225 unsigned int interval_msecs)
2227 if (*caller_jiffies == 0
2228 || !time_in_range(jiffies, *caller_jiffies,
2230 + msecs_to_jiffies(interval_msecs))) {
2231 *caller_jiffies = jiffies;
2236 EXPORT_SYMBOL(printk_timed_ratelimit);
2238 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(dump_list_lock);
2239 static LIST_HEAD(dump_list);
2242 * kmsg_dump_register - register a kernel log dumper.
2243 * @dumper: pointer to the kmsg_dumper structure
2245 * Adds a kernel log dumper to the system. The dump callback in the
2246 * structure will be called when the kernel oopses or panics and must be
2247 * set. Returns zero on success and %-EINVAL or %-EBUSY otherwise.
2249 int kmsg_dump_register(struct kmsg_dumper *dumper)
2251 unsigned long flags;
2254 /* The dump callback needs to be set */
2258 spin_lock_irqsave(&dump_list_lock, flags);
2259 /* Don't allow registering multiple times */
2260 if (!dumper->registered) {
2261 dumper->registered = 1;
2262 list_add_tail_rcu(&dumper->list, &dump_list);
2265 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dump_list_lock, flags);
2269 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kmsg_dump_register);
2272 * kmsg_dump_unregister - unregister a kmsg dumper.
2273 * @dumper: pointer to the kmsg_dumper structure
2275 * Removes a dump device from the system. Returns zero on success and
2276 * %-EINVAL otherwise.
2278 int kmsg_dump_unregister(struct kmsg_dumper *dumper)
2280 unsigned long flags;
2283 spin_lock_irqsave(&dump_list_lock, flags);
2284 if (dumper->registered) {
2285 dumper->registered = 0;
2286 list_del_rcu(&dumper->list);
2289 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dump_list_lock, flags);
2294 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kmsg_dump_unregister);
2296 static bool always_kmsg_dump;
2297 module_param_named(always_kmsg_dump, always_kmsg_dump, bool, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR);
2300 * kmsg_dump - dump kernel log to kernel message dumpers.
2301 * @reason: the reason (oops, panic etc) for dumping
2303 * Iterate through each of the dump devices and call the oops/panic
2304 * callbacks with the log buffer.
2306 void kmsg_dump(enum kmsg_dump_reason reason)
2309 struct kmsg_dumper *dumper;
2310 const char *s1, *s2;
2311 unsigned long l1, l2;
2312 unsigned long flags;
2314 if ((reason > KMSG_DUMP_OOPS) && !always_kmsg_dump)
2317 /* Theoretically, the log could move on after we do this, but
2318 there's not a lot we can do about that. The new messages
2319 will overwrite the start of what we dump. */
2321 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&logbuf_lock, flags);
2322 if (syslog_seq < log_first_seq)
2325 idx = log_first_idx;
2327 if (idx > log_next_idx) {
2332 l2 = log_buf_len - idx;
2338 l2 = log_next_idx - idx;
2340 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&logbuf_lock, flags);
2343 list_for_each_entry_rcu(dumper, &dump_list, list)
2344 dumper->dump(dumper, reason, s1, l1, s2, l2);