2 * kernel/power/hibernate.c - Hibernation (a.k.a suspend-to-disk) support.
4 * Copyright (c) 2003 Patrick Mochel
5 * Copyright (c) 2003 Open Source Development Lab
6 * Copyright (c) 2004 Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
7 * Copyright (c) 2009 Rafael J. Wysocki, Novell Inc.
9 * This file is released under the GPLv2.
12 #include <linux/export.h>
13 #include <linux/suspend.h>
14 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
15 #include <linux/reboot.h>
16 #include <linux/string.h>
17 #include <linux/device.h>
18 #include <linux/async.h>
19 #include <linux/delay.h>
21 #include <linux/mount.h>
23 #include <linux/console.h>
24 #include <linux/cpu.h>
25 #include <linux/freezer.h>
26 #include <linux/gfp.h>
27 #include <linux/syscore_ops.h>
28 #include <linux/ctype.h>
29 #include <linux/genhd.h>
30 #include <scsi/scsi_scan.h>
35 static int nocompress;
37 static int resume_wait;
38 static int resume_delay;
39 static char resume_file[256] = CONFIG_PM_STD_PARTITION;
40 dev_t swsusp_resume_device;
41 sector_t swsusp_resume_block;
42 int in_suspend __nosavedata;
50 __HIBERNATION_AFTER_LAST
52 #define HIBERNATION_MAX (__HIBERNATION_AFTER_LAST-1)
53 #define HIBERNATION_FIRST (HIBERNATION_INVALID + 1)
55 static int hibernation_mode = HIBERNATION_SHUTDOWN;
57 bool freezer_test_done;
59 static const struct platform_hibernation_ops *hibernation_ops;
62 * hibernation_set_ops - Set the global hibernate operations.
63 * @ops: Hibernation operations to use in subsequent hibernation transitions.
65 void hibernation_set_ops(const struct platform_hibernation_ops *ops)
67 if (ops && !(ops->begin && ops->end && ops->pre_snapshot
68 && ops->prepare && ops->finish && ops->enter && ops->pre_restore
69 && ops->restore_cleanup && ops->leave)) {
74 hibernation_ops = ops;
76 hibernation_mode = HIBERNATION_PLATFORM;
77 else if (hibernation_mode == HIBERNATION_PLATFORM)
78 hibernation_mode = HIBERNATION_SHUTDOWN;
80 unlock_system_sleep();
83 static bool entering_platform_hibernation;
85 bool system_entering_hibernation(void)
87 return entering_platform_hibernation;
89 EXPORT_SYMBOL(system_entering_hibernation);
91 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_DEBUG
92 static void hibernation_debug_sleep(void)
94 printk(KERN_INFO "hibernation debug: Waiting for 5 seconds.\n");
98 static int hibernation_test(int level)
100 if (pm_test_level == level) {
101 hibernation_debug_sleep();
106 #else /* !CONFIG_PM_DEBUG */
107 static int hibernation_test(int level) { return 0; }
108 #endif /* !CONFIG_PM_DEBUG */
111 * platform_begin - Call platform to start hibernation.
112 * @platform_mode: Whether or not to use the platform driver.
114 static int platform_begin(int platform_mode)
116 return (platform_mode && hibernation_ops) ?
117 hibernation_ops->begin() : 0;
121 * platform_end - Call platform to finish transition to the working state.
122 * @platform_mode: Whether or not to use the platform driver.
124 static void platform_end(int platform_mode)
126 if (platform_mode && hibernation_ops)
127 hibernation_ops->end();
131 * platform_pre_snapshot - Call platform to prepare the machine for hibernation.
132 * @platform_mode: Whether or not to use the platform driver.
134 * Use the platform driver to prepare the system for creating a hibernate image,
135 * if so configured, and return an error code if that fails.
138 static int platform_pre_snapshot(int platform_mode)
140 return (platform_mode && hibernation_ops) ?
141 hibernation_ops->pre_snapshot() : 0;
145 * platform_leave - Call platform to prepare a transition to the working state.
146 * @platform_mode: Whether or not to use the platform driver.
148 * Use the platform driver prepare to prepare the machine for switching to the
149 * normal mode of operation.
151 * This routine is called on one CPU with interrupts disabled.
153 static void platform_leave(int platform_mode)
155 if (platform_mode && hibernation_ops)
156 hibernation_ops->leave();
160 * platform_finish - Call platform to switch the system to the working state.
161 * @platform_mode: Whether or not to use the platform driver.
163 * Use the platform driver to switch the machine to the normal mode of
166 * This routine must be called after platform_prepare().
168 static void platform_finish(int platform_mode)
170 if (platform_mode && hibernation_ops)
171 hibernation_ops->finish();
175 * platform_pre_restore - Prepare for hibernate image restoration.
176 * @platform_mode: Whether or not to use the platform driver.
178 * Use the platform driver to prepare the system for resume from a hibernation
181 * If the restore fails after this function has been called,
182 * platform_restore_cleanup() must be called.
184 static int platform_pre_restore(int platform_mode)
186 return (platform_mode && hibernation_ops) ?
187 hibernation_ops->pre_restore() : 0;
191 * platform_restore_cleanup - Switch to the working state after failing restore.
192 * @platform_mode: Whether or not to use the platform driver.
194 * Use the platform driver to switch the system to the normal mode of operation
195 * after a failing restore.
197 * If platform_pre_restore() has been called before the failing restore, this
198 * function must be called too, regardless of the result of
199 * platform_pre_restore().
201 static void platform_restore_cleanup(int platform_mode)
203 if (platform_mode && hibernation_ops)
204 hibernation_ops->restore_cleanup();
208 * platform_recover - Recover from a failure to suspend devices.
209 * @platform_mode: Whether or not to use the platform driver.
211 static void platform_recover(int platform_mode)
213 if (platform_mode && hibernation_ops && hibernation_ops->recover)
214 hibernation_ops->recover();
218 * swsusp_show_speed - Print time elapsed between two events during hibernation.
219 * @start: Starting event.
220 * @stop: Final event.
221 * @nr_pages: Number of memory pages processed between @start and @stop.
222 * @msg: Additional diagnostic message to print.
224 void swsusp_show_speed(struct timeval *start, struct timeval *stop,
225 unsigned nr_pages, char *msg)
227 s64 elapsed_centisecs64;
232 elapsed_centisecs64 = timeval_to_ns(stop) - timeval_to_ns(start);
233 do_div(elapsed_centisecs64, NSEC_PER_SEC / 100);
234 centisecs = elapsed_centisecs64;
236 centisecs = 1; /* avoid div-by-zero */
237 k = nr_pages * (PAGE_SIZE / 1024);
238 kps = (k * 100) / centisecs;
239 printk(KERN_INFO "PM: %s %d kbytes in %d.%02d seconds (%d.%02d MB/s)\n",
241 centisecs / 100, centisecs % 100,
242 kps / 1000, (kps % 1000) / 10);
246 * create_image - Create a hibernation image.
247 * @platform_mode: Whether or not to use the platform driver.
249 * Execute device drivers' "late" and "noirq" freeze callbacks, create a
250 * hibernation image and run the drivers' "noirq" and "early" thaw callbacks.
252 * Control reappears in this routine after the subsequent restore.
254 static int create_image(int platform_mode)
258 error = dpm_suspend_end(PMSG_FREEZE);
260 printk(KERN_ERR "PM: Some devices failed to power down, "
261 "aborting hibernation\n");
265 error = platform_pre_snapshot(platform_mode);
266 if (error || hibernation_test(TEST_PLATFORM))
267 goto Platform_finish;
269 error = disable_nonboot_cpus();
270 if (error || hibernation_test(TEST_CPUS))
275 error = syscore_suspend();
277 printk(KERN_ERR "PM: Some system devices failed to power down, "
278 "aborting hibernation\n");
282 if (hibernation_test(TEST_CORE) || pm_wakeup_pending())
286 save_processor_state();
287 error = swsusp_arch_suspend();
289 printk(KERN_ERR "PM: Error %d creating hibernation image\n",
291 /* Restore control flow magically appears here */
292 restore_processor_state();
294 events_check_enabled = false;
295 platform_leave(platform_mode);
305 enable_nonboot_cpus();
308 platform_finish(platform_mode);
310 dpm_resume_start(in_suspend ?
311 (error ? PMSG_RECOVER : PMSG_THAW) : PMSG_RESTORE);
317 * hibernation_snapshot - Quiesce devices and create a hibernation image.
318 * @platform_mode: If set, use platform driver to prepare for the transition.
320 * This routine must be called with pm_mutex held.
322 int hibernation_snapshot(int platform_mode)
327 error = platform_begin(platform_mode);
331 /* Preallocate image memory before shutting down devices. */
332 error = hibernate_preallocate_memory();
336 error = freeze_kernel_threads();
340 if (hibernation_test(TEST_FREEZER)) {
343 * Indicate to the caller that we are returning due to a
344 * successful freezer test.
346 freezer_test_done = true;
350 error = dpm_prepare(PMSG_FREEZE);
352 dpm_complete(PMSG_RECOVER);
357 pm_restrict_gfp_mask();
359 error = dpm_suspend(PMSG_FREEZE);
361 if (error || hibernation_test(TEST_DEVICES))
362 platform_recover(platform_mode);
364 error = create_image(platform_mode);
367 * In the case that we call create_image() above, the control
368 * returns here (1) after the image has been created or the
369 * image creation has failed and (2) after a successful restore.
372 /* We may need to release the preallocated image pages here. */
373 if (error || !in_suspend)
376 msg = in_suspend ? (error ? PMSG_RECOVER : PMSG_THAW) : PMSG_RESTORE;
379 if (error || !in_suspend)
380 pm_restore_gfp_mask();
386 platform_end(platform_mode);
390 thaw_kernel_threads();
397 * resume_target_kernel - Restore system state from a hibernation image.
398 * @platform_mode: Whether or not to use the platform driver.
400 * Execute device drivers' "noirq" and "late" freeze callbacks, restore the
401 * contents of highmem that have not been restored yet from the image and run
402 * the low-level code that will restore the remaining contents of memory and
403 * switch to the just restored target kernel.
405 static int resume_target_kernel(bool platform_mode)
409 error = dpm_suspend_end(PMSG_QUIESCE);
411 printk(KERN_ERR "PM: Some devices failed to power down, "
412 "aborting resume\n");
416 error = platform_pre_restore(platform_mode);
420 error = disable_nonboot_cpus();
426 error = syscore_suspend();
430 save_processor_state();
431 error = restore_highmem();
433 error = swsusp_arch_resume();
435 * The code below is only ever reached in case of a failure.
436 * Otherwise, execution continues at the place where
437 * swsusp_arch_suspend() was called.
441 * This call to restore_highmem() reverts the changes made by
447 * The only reason why swsusp_arch_resume() can fail is memory being
448 * very tight, so we have to free it as soon as we can to avoid
449 * subsequent failures.
452 restore_processor_state();
453 touch_softlockup_watchdog();
461 enable_nonboot_cpus();
464 platform_restore_cleanup(platform_mode);
466 dpm_resume_start(PMSG_RECOVER);
472 * hibernation_restore - Quiesce devices and restore from a hibernation image.
473 * @platform_mode: If set, use platform driver to prepare for the transition.
475 * This routine must be called with pm_mutex held. If it is successful, control
476 * reappears in the restored target kernel in hibernation_snapshot().
478 int hibernation_restore(int platform_mode)
482 pm_prepare_console();
484 pm_restrict_gfp_mask();
485 error = dpm_suspend_start(PMSG_QUIESCE);
487 error = resume_target_kernel(platform_mode);
488 dpm_resume_end(PMSG_RECOVER);
490 pm_restore_gfp_mask();
492 pm_restore_console();
497 * hibernation_platform_enter - Power off the system using the platform driver.
499 int hibernation_platform_enter(void)
503 if (!hibernation_ops)
507 * We have cancelled the power transition by running
508 * hibernation_ops->finish() before saving the image, so we should let
509 * the firmware know that we're going to enter the sleep state after all
511 error = hibernation_ops->begin();
515 entering_platform_hibernation = true;
517 error = dpm_suspend_start(PMSG_HIBERNATE);
519 if (hibernation_ops->recover)
520 hibernation_ops->recover();
524 error = dpm_suspend_end(PMSG_HIBERNATE);
528 error = hibernation_ops->prepare();
530 goto Platform_finish;
532 error = disable_nonboot_cpus();
534 goto Platform_finish;
538 if (pm_wakeup_pending()) {
543 hibernation_ops->enter();
544 /* We should never get here */
550 enable_nonboot_cpus();
553 hibernation_ops->finish();
555 dpm_resume_start(PMSG_RESTORE);
558 entering_platform_hibernation = false;
559 dpm_resume_end(PMSG_RESTORE);
563 hibernation_ops->end();
569 * power_down - Shut the machine down for hibernation.
571 * Use the platform driver, if configured, to put the system into the sleep
572 * state corresponding to hibernation, or try to power it off or reboot,
573 * depending on the value of hibernation_mode.
575 static void power_down(void)
577 switch (hibernation_mode) {
578 case HIBERNATION_REBOOT:
579 kernel_restart(NULL);
581 case HIBERNATION_PLATFORM:
582 hibernation_platform_enter();
583 case HIBERNATION_SHUTDOWN:
589 * Valid image is on the disk, if we continue we risk serious data
590 * corruption after resume.
592 printk(KERN_CRIT "PM: Please power down manually\n");
597 * hibernate - Carry out system hibernation, including saving the image.
604 /* The snapshot device should not be opened while we're running */
605 if (!atomic_add_unless(&snapshot_device_available, -1, 0)) {
610 pm_prepare_console();
611 error = pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_HIBERNATION_PREPARE);
615 /* Allocate memory management structures */
616 error = create_basic_memory_bitmaps();
620 printk(KERN_INFO "PM: Syncing filesystems ... ");
624 error = freeze_processes();
628 error = hibernation_snapshot(hibernation_mode == HIBERNATION_PLATFORM);
629 if (error || freezer_test_done)
633 unsigned int flags = 0;
635 if (hibernation_mode == HIBERNATION_PLATFORM)
636 flags |= SF_PLATFORM_MODE;
638 flags |= SF_NOCOMPRESS_MODE;
640 flags |= SF_CRC32_MODE;
642 pr_debug("PM: writing image.\n");
643 error = swsusp_write(flags);
648 pm_restore_gfp_mask();
650 pr_debug("PM: Image restored successfully.\n");
656 /* Don't bother checking whether freezer_test_done is true */
657 freezer_test_done = false;
660 free_basic_memory_bitmaps();
662 pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_POST_HIBERNATION);
663 pm_restore_console();
664 atomic_inc(&snapshot_device_available);
666 unlock_system_sleep();
672 * software_resume - Resume from a saved hibernation image.
674 * This routine is called as a late initcall, when all devices have been
675 * discovered and initialized already.
677 * The image reading code is called to see if there is a hibernation image
678 * available for reading. If that is the case, devices are quiesced and the
679 * contents of memory is restored from the saved image.
681 * If this is successful, control reappears in the restored target kernel in
682 * hibernation_snaphot() which returns to hibernate(). Otherwise, the routine
683 * attempts to recover gracefully and make the kernel return to the normal mode
686 static int software_resume(void)
692 * If the user said "noresume".. bail out early.
698 * name_to_dev_t() below takes a sysfs buffer mutex when sysfs
699 * is configured into the kernel. Since the regular hibernate
700 * trigger path is via sysfs which takes a buffer mutex before
701 * calling hibernate functions (which take pm_mutex) this can
702 * cause lockdep to complain about a possible ABBA deadlock
703 * which cannot happen since we're in the boot code here and
704 * sysfs can't be invoked yet. Therefore, we use a subclass
705 * here to avoid lockdep complaining.
707 mutex_lock_nested(&pm_mutex, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
709 if (swsusp_resume_device)
712 if (!strlen(resume_file)) {
717 pr_debug("PM: Checking hibernation image partition %s\n", resume_file);
720 printk(KERN_INFO "Waiting %dsec before reading resume device...\n",
722 ssleep(resume_delay);
725 /* Check if the device is there */
726 swsusp_resume_device = name_to_dev_t(resume_file);
729 * name_to_dev_t is ineffective to verify parition if resume_file is in
730 * integer format. (e.g. major:minor)
732 if (isdigit(resume_file[0]) && resume_wait) {
734 while (!get_gendisk(swsusp_resume_device, &partno))
738 if (!swsusp_resume_device) {
740 * Some device discovery might still be in progress; we need
741 * to wait for this to finish.
743 wait_for_device_probe();
746 while ((swsusp_resume_device = name_to_dev_t(resume_file)) == 0)
748 async_synchronize_full();
752 * We can't depend on SCSI devices being available after loading
753 * one of their modules until scsi_complete_async_scans() is
754 * called and the resume device usually is a SCSI one.
756 scsi_complete_async_scans();
758 swsusp_resume_device = name_to_dev_t(resume_file);
759 if (!swsusp_resume_device) {
766 pr_debug("PM: Hibernation image partition %d:%d present\n",
767 MAJOR(swsusp_resume_device), MINOR(swsusp_resume_device));
769 pr_debug("PM: Looking for hibernation image.\n");
770 error = swsusp_check();
774 /* The snapshot device should not be opened while we're running */
775 if (!atomic_add_unless(&snapshot_device_available, -1, 0)) {
777 swsusp_close(FMODE_READ);
781 pm_prepare_console();
782 error = pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_RESTORE_PREPARE);
786 error = create_basic_memory_bitmaps();
790 pr_debug("PM: Preparing processes for restore.\n");
791 error = freeze_processes();
793 swsusp_close(FMODE_READ);
797 pr_debug("PM: Loading hibernation image.\n");
799 error = swsusp_read(&flags);
800 swsusp_close(FMODE_READ);
802 hibernation_restore(flags & SF_PLATFORM_MODE);
804 printk(KERN_ERR "PM: Failed to load hibernation image, recovering.\n");
808 free_basic_memory_bitmaps();
810 pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_POST_RESTORE);
811 pm_restore_console();
812 atomic_inc(&snapshot_device_available);
813 /* For success case, the suspend path will release the lock */
815 mutex_unlock(&pm_mutex);
816 pr_debug("PM: Hibernation image not present or could not be loaded.\n");
819 swsusp_close(FMODE_READ);
823 late_initcall(software_resume);
826 static const char * const hibernation_modes[] = {
827 [HIBERNATION_PLATFORM] = "platform",
828 [HIBERNATION_SHUTDOWN] = "shutdown",
829 [HIBERNATION_REBOOT] = "reboot",
833 * /sys/power/disk - Control hibernation mode.
835 * Hibernation can be handled in several ways. There are a few different ways
836 * to put the system into the sleep state: using the platform driver (e.g. ACPI
837 * or other hibernation_ops), powering it off or rebooting it (for testing
840 * The sysfs file /sys/power/disk provides an interface for selecting the
841 * hibernation mode to use. Reading from this file causes the available modes
842 * to be printed. There are 3 modes that can be supported:
848 * If a platform hibernation driver is in use, 'platform' will be supported
849 * and will be used by default. Otherwise, 'shutdown' will be used by default.
850 * The selected option (i.e. the one corresponding to the current value of
851 * hibernation_mode) is enclosed by a square bracket.
853 * To select a given hibernation mode it is necessary to write the mode's
854 * string representation (as returned by reading from /sys/power/disk) back
855 * into /sys/power/disk.
858 static ssize_t disk_show(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
864 for (i = HIBERNATION_FIRST; i <= HIBERNATION_MAX; i++) {
865 if (!hibernation_modes[i])
868 case HIBERNATION_SHUTDOWN:
869 case HIBERNATION_REBOOT:
871 case HIBERNATION_PLATFORM:
874 /* not a valid mode, continue with loop */
877 if (i == hibernation_mode)
878 buf += sprintf(buf, "[%s] ", hibernation_modes[i]);
880 buf += sprintf(buf, "%s ", hibernation_modes[i]);
882 buf += sprintf(buf, "\n");
886 static ssize_t disk_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
887 const char *buf, size_t n)
893 int mode = HIBERNATION_INVALID;
895 p = memchr(buf, '\n', n);
896 len = p ? p - buf : n;
899 for (i = HIBERNATION_FIRST; i <= HIBERNATION_MAX; i++) {
900 if (len == strlen(hibernation_modes[i])
901 && !strncmp(buf, hibernation_modes[i], len)) {
906 if (mode != HIBERNATION_INVALID) {
908 case HIBERNATION_SHUTDOWN:
909 case HIBERNATION_REBOOT:
910 hibernation_mode = mode;
912 case HIBERNATION_PLATFORM:
914 hibernation_mode = mode;
922 pr_debug("PM: Hibernation mode set to '%s'\n",
923 hibernation_modes[mode]);
924 unlock_system_sleep();
925 return error ? error : n;
930 static ssize_t resume_show(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
933 return sprintf(buf,"%d:%d\n", MAJOR(swsusp_resume_device),
934 MINOR(swsusp_resume_device));
937 static ssize_t resume_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
938 const char *buf, size_t n)
940 unsigned int maj, min;
944 if (sscanf(buf, "%u:%u", &maj, &min) != 2)
947 res = MKDEV(maj,min);
948 if (maj != MAJOR(res) || min != MINOR(res))
952 swsusp_resume_device = res;
953 unlock_system_sleep();
954 printk(KERN_INFO "PM: Starting manual resume from disk\n");
964 static ssize_t image_size_show(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
967 return sprintf(buf, "%lu\n", image_size);
970 static ssize_t image_size_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
971 const char *buf, size_t n)
975 if (sscanf(buf, "%lu", &size) == 1) {
983 power_attr(image_size);
985 static ssize_t reserved_size_show(struct kobject *kobj,
986 struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
988 return sprintf(buf, "%lu\n", reserved_size);
991 static ssize_t reserved_size_store(struct kobject *kobj,
992 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
993 const char *buf, size_t n)
997 if (sscanf(buf, "%lu", &size) == 1) {
998 reserved_size = size;
1005 power_attr(reserved_size);
1007 static struct attribute * g[] = {
1010 &image_size_attr.attr,
1011 &reserved_size_attr.attr,
1016 static struct attribute_group attr_group = {
1021 static int __init pm_disk_init(void)
1023 return sysfs_create_group(power_kobj, &attr_group);
1026 core_initcall(pm_disk_init);
1029 static int __init resume_setup(char *str)
1034 strncpy( resume_file, str, 255 );
1038 static int __init resume_offset_setup(char *str)
1040 unsigned long long offset;
1045 if (sscanf(str, "%llu", &offset) == 1)
1046 swsusp_resume_block = offset;
1051 static int __init hibernate_setup(char *str)
1053 if (!strncmp(str, "noresume", 8))
1055 else if (!strncmp(str, "nocompress", 10))
1060 static int __init noresume_setup(char *str)
1066 static int __init resumewait_setup(char *str)
1072 static int __init resumedelay_setup(char *str)
1074 resume_delay = simple_strtoul(str, NULL, 0);
1078 __setup("noresume", noresume_setup);
1079 __setup("resume_offset=", resume_offset_setup);
1080 __setup("resume=", resume_setup);
1081 __setup("hibernate=", hibernate_setup);
1082 __setup("resumewait", resumewait_setup);
1083 __setup("resumedelay=", resumedelay_setup);