1 /* Kernel thread helper functions.
2 * Copyright (C) 2004 IBM Corporation, Rusty Russell.
4 * Creation is done via kthreadd, so that we get a clean environment
5 * even if we're invoked from userspace (think modprobe, hotplug cpu,
8 #include <linux/sched.h>
9 #include <linux/kthread.h>
10 #include <linux/completion.h>
11 #include <linux/err.h>
12 #include <linux/cpuset.h>
13 #include <linux/unistd.h>
14 #include <linux/file.h>
15 #include <linux/export.h>
16 #include <linux/mutex.h>
17 #include <linux/slab.h>
18 #include <linux/freezer.h>
19 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
20 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
21 #include <trace/events/sched.h>
23 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(kthread_create_lock);
24 static LIST_HEAD(kthread_create_list);
25 struct task_struct *kthreadd_task;
27 struct kthread_create_info
29 /* Information passed to kthread() from kthreadd. */
30 int (*threadfn)(void *data);
34 /* Result passed back to kthread_create() from kthreadd. */
35 struct task_struct *result;
36 struct completion *done;
38 struct list_head list;
45 struct completion parked;
46 struct completion exited;
50 KTHREAD_IS_PER_CPU = 0,
56 #define __to_kthread(vfork) \
57 container_of(vfork, struct kthread, exited)
59 static inline struct kthread *to_kthread(struct task_struct *k)
61 return __to_kthread(k->vfork_done);
64 static struct kthread *to_live_kthread(struct task_struct *k)
66 struct completion *vfork = ACCESS_ONCE(k->vfork_done);
67 if (likely(vfork) && try_get_task_stack(k))
68 return __to_kthread(vfork);
73 * kthread_should_stop - should this kthread return now?
75 * When someone calls kthread_stop() on your kthread, it will be woken
76 * and this will return true. You should then return, and your return
77 * value will be passed through to kthread_stop().
79 bool kthread_should_stop(void)
81 return test_bit(KTHREAD_SHOULD_STOP, &to_kthread(current)->flags);
83 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kthread_should_stop);
86 * kthread_should_park - should this kthread park now?
88 * When someone calls kthread_park() on your kthread, it will be woken
89 * and this will return true. You should then do the necessary
90 * cleanup and call kthread_parkme()
92 * Similar to kthread_should_stop(), but this keeps the thread alive
93 * and in a park position. kthread_unpark() "restarts" the thread and
94 * calls the thread function again.
96 bool kthread_should_park(void)
98 return test_bit(KTHREAD_SHOULD_PARK, &to_kthread(current)->flags);
100 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kthread_should_park);
103 * kthread_freezable_should_stop - should this freezable kthread return now?
104 * @was_frozen: optional out parameter, indicates whether %current was frozen
106 * kthread_should_stop() for freezable kthreads, which will enter
107 * refrigerator if necessary. This function is safe from kthread_stop() /
108 * freezer deadlock and freezable kthreads should use this function instead
109 * of calling try_to_freeze() directly.
111 bool kthread_freezable_should_stop(bool *was_frozen)
117 if (unlikely(freezing(current)))
118 frozen = __refrigerator(true);
121 *was_frozen = frozen;
123 return kthread_should_stop();
125 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kthread_freezable_should_stop);
128 * kthread_data - return data value specified on kthread creation
129 * @task: kthread task in question
131 * Return the data value specified when kthread @task was created.
132 * The caller is responsible for ensuring the validity of @task when
133 * calling this function.
135 void *kthread_data(struct task_struct *task)
137 return to_kthread(task)->data;
141 * kthread_probe_data - speculative version of kthread_data()
142 * @task: possible kthread task in question
144 * @task could be a kthread task. Return the data value specified when it
145 * was created if accessible. If @task isn't a kthread task or its data is
146 * inaccessible for any reason, %NULL is returned. This function requires
147 * that @task itself is safe to dereference.
149 void *kthread_probe_data(struct task_struct *task)
151 struct kthread *kthread = to_kthread(task);
154 probe_kernel_read(&data, &kthread->data, sizeof(data));
158 static void __kthread_parkme(struct kthread *self)
160 __set_current_state(TASK_PARKED);
161 while (test_bit(KTHREAD_SHOULD_PARK, &self->flags)) {
162 if (!test_and_set_bit(KTHREAD_IS_PARKED, &self->flags))
163 complete(&self->parked);
165 __set_current_state(TASK_PARKED);
167 clear_bit(KTHREAD_IS_PARKED, &self->flags);
168 __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
171 void kthread_parkme(void)
173 __kthread_parkme(to_kthread(current));
175 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kthread_parkme);
177 static int kthread(void *_create)
179 /* Copy data: it's on kthread's stack */
180 struct kthread_create_info *create = _create;
181 int (*threadfn)(void *data) = create->threadfn;
182 void *data = create->data;
183 struct completion *done;
189 init_completion(&self.exited);
190 init_completion(&self.parked);
191 current->vfork_done = &self.exited;
193 /* If user was SIGKILLed, I release the structure. */
194 done = xchg(&create->done, NULL);
199 /* OK, tell user we're spawned, wait for stop or wakeup */
200 __set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
201 create->result = current;
207 if (!test_bit(KTHREAD_SHOULD_STOP, &self.flags)) {
208 __kthread_parkme(&self);
209 ret = threadfn(data);
211 /* we can't just return, we must preserve "self" on stack */
215 /* called from do_fork() to get node information for about to be created task */
216 int tsk_fork_get_node(struct task_struct *tsk)
219 if (tsk == kthreadd_task)
220 return tsk->pref_node_fork;
225 static void create_kthread(struct kthread_create_info *create)
230 current->pref_node_fork = create->node;
232 /* We want our own signal handler (we take no signals by default). */
233 pid = kernel_thread(kthread, create, CLONE_FS | CLONE_FILES | SIGCHLD);
235 /* If user was SIGKILLed, I release the structure. */
236 struct completion *done = xchg(&create->done, NULL);
242 create->result = ERR_PTR(pid);
247 static struct task_struct *__kthread_create_on_node(int (*threadfn)(void *data),
248 void *data, int node,
249 const char namefmt[],
252 DECLARE_COMPLETION_ONSTACK(done);
253 struct task_struct *task;
254 struct kthread_create_info *create = kmalloc(sizeof(*create),
258 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
259 create->threadfn = threadfn;
262 create->done = &done;
264 spin_lock(&kthread_create_lock);
265 list_add_tail(&create->list, &kthread_create_list);
266 spin_unlock(&kthread_create_lock);
268 wake_up_process(kthreadd_task);
270 * Wait for completion in killable state, for I might be chosen by
271 * the OOM killer while kthreadd is trying to allocate memory for
274 if (unlikely(wait_for_completion_killable(&done))) {
276 * If I was SIGKILLed before kthreadd (or new kernel thread)
277 * calls complete(), leave the cleanup of this structure to
280 if (xchg(&create->done, NULL))
281 return ERR_PTR(-EINTR);
283 * kthreadd (or new kernel thread) will call complete()
286 wait_for_completion(&done);
288 task = create->result;
290 static const struct sched_param param = { .sched_priority = 0 };
292 vsnprintf(task->comm, sizeof(task->comm), namefmt, args);
294 * root may have changed our (kthreadd's) priority or CPU mask.
295 * The kernel thread should not inherit these properties.
297 sched_setscheduler_nocheck(task, SCHED_NORMAL, ¶m);
298 set_cpus_allowed_ptr(task, cpu_all_mask);
305 * kthread_create_on_node - create a kthread.
306 * @threadfn: the function to run until signal_pending(current).
307 * @data: data ptr for @threadfn.
308 * @node: task and thread structures for the thread are allocated on this node
309 * @namefmt: printf-style name for the thread.
311 * Description: This helper function creates and names a kernel
312 * thread. The thread will be stopped: use wake_up_process() to start
313 * it. See also kthread_run(). The new thread has SCHED_NORMAL policy and
314 * is affine to all CPUs.
316 * If thread is going to be bound on a particular cpu, give its node
317 * in @node, to get NUMA affinity for kthread stack, or else give NUMA_NO_NODE.
318 * When woken, the thread will run @threadfn() with @data as its
319 * argument. @threadfn() can either call do_exit() directly if it is a
320 * standalone thread for which no one will call kthread_stop(), or
321 * return when 'kthread_should_stop()' is true (which means
322 * kthread_stop() has been called). The return value should be zero
323 * or a negative error number; it will be passed to kthread_stop().
325 * Returns a task_struct or ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM) or ERR_PTR(-EINTR).
327 struct task_struct *kthread_create_on_node(int (*threadfn)(void *data),
328 void *data, int node,
329 const char namefmt[],
332 struct task_struct *task;
335 va_start(args, namefmt);
336 task = __kthread_create_on_node(threadfn, data, node, namefmt, args);
341 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kthread_create_on_node);
343 static void __kthread_bind_mask(struct task_struct *p, const struct cpumask *mask, long state)
347 if (!wait_task_inactive(p, state)) {
352 /* It's safe because the task is inactive. */
353 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&p->pi_lock, flags);
354 do_set_cpus_allowed(p, mask);
355 p->flags |= PF_NO_SETAFFINITY;
356 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&p->pi_lock, flags);
359 static void __kthread_bind(struct task_struct *p, unsigned int cpu, long state)
361 __kthread_bind_mask(p, cpumask_of(cpu), state);
364 void kthread_bind_mask(struct task_struct *p, const struct cpumask *mask)
366 __kthread_bind_mask(p, mask, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
370 * kthread_bind - bind a just-created kthread to a cpu.
371 * @p: thread created by kthread_create().
372 * @cpu: cpu (might not be online, must be possible) for @k to run on.
374 * Description: This function is equivalent to set_cpus_allowed(),
375 * except that @cpu doesn't need to be online, and the thread must be
376 * stopped (i.e., just returned from kthread_create()).
378 void kthread_bind(struct task_struct *p, unsigned int cpu)
380 __kthread_bind(p, cpu, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
382 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kthread_bind);
385 * kthread_create_on_cpu - Create a cpu bound kthread
386 * @threadfn: the function to run until signal_pending(current).
387 * @data: data ptr for @threadfn.
388 * @cpu: The cpu on which the thread should be bound,
389 * @namefmt: printf-style name for the thread. Format is restricted
390 * to "name.*%u". Code fills in cpu number.
392 * Description: This helper function creates and names a kernel thread
393 * The thread will be woken and put into park mode.
395 struct task_struct *kthread_create_on_cpu(int (*threadfn)(void *data),
396 void *data, unsigned int cpu,
399 struct task_struct *p;
401 p = kthread_create_on_node(threadfn, data, cpu_to_node(cpu), namefmt,
405 kthread_bind(p, cpu);
406 /* CPU hotplug need to bind once again when unparking the thread. */
407 set_bit(KTHREAD_IS_PER_CPU, &to_kthread(p)->flags);
408 to_kthread(p)->cpu = cpu;
412 static void __kthread_unpark(struct task_struct *k, struct kthread *kthread)
414 clear_bit(KTHREAD_SHOULD_PARK, &kthread->flags);
416 * We clear the IS_PARKED bit here as we don't wait
417 * until the task has left the park code. So if we'd
418 * park before that happens we'd see the IS_PARKED bit
419 * which might be about to be cleared.
421 if (test_and_clear_bit(KTHREAD_IS_PARKED, &kthread->flags)) {
423 * Newly created kthread was parked when the CPU was offline.
424 * The binding was lost and we need to set it again.
426 if (test_bit(KTHREAD_IS_PER_CPU, &kthread->flags))
427 __kthread_bind(k, kthread->cpu, TASK_PARKED);
428 wake_up_state(k, TASK_PARKED);
433 * kthread_unpark - unpark a thread created by kthread_create().
434 * @k: thread created by kthread_create().
436 * Sets kthread_should_park() for @k to return false, wakes it, and
437 * waits for it to return. If the thread is marked percpu then its
438 * bound to the cpu again.
440 void kthread_unpark(struct task_struct *k)
442 struct kthread *kthread = to_live_kthread(k);
445 __kthread_unpark(k, kthread);
449 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kthread_unpark);
452 * kthread_park - park a thread created by kthread_create().
453 * @k: thread created by kthread_create().
455 * Sets kthread_should_park() for @k to return true, wakes it, and
456 * waits for it to return. This can also be called after kthread_create()
457 * instead of calling wake_up_process(): the thread will park without
458 * calling threadfn().
460 * Returns 0 if the thread is parked, -ENOSYS if the thread exited.
461 * If called by the kthread itself just the park bit is set.
463 int kthread_park(struct task_struct *k)
465 struct kthread *kthread = to_live_kthread(k);
469 if (!test_bit(KTHREAD_IS_PARKED, &kthread->flags)) {
470 set_bit(KTHREAD_SHOULD_PARK, &kthread->flags);
473 wait_for_completion(&kthread->parked);
481 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kthread_park);
484 * kthread_stop - stop a thread created by kthread_create().
485 * @k: thread created by kthread_create().
487 * Sets kthread_should_stop() for @k to return true, wakes it, and
488 * waits for it to exit. This can also be called after kthread_create()
489 * instead of calling wake_up_process(): the thread will exit without
490 * calling threadfn().
492 * If threadfn() may call do_exit() itself, the caller must ensure
493 * task_struct can't go away.
495 * Returns the result of threadfn(), or %-EINTR if wake_up_process()
498 int kthread_stop(struct task_struct *k)
500 struct kthread *kthread;
503 trace_sched_kthread_stop(k);
506 kthread = to_live_kthread(k);
508 set_bit(KTHREAD_SHOULD_STOP, &kthread->flags);
509 __kthread_unpark(k, kthread);
511 wait_for_completion(&kthread->exited);
517 trace_sched_kthread_stop_ret(ret);
520 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kthread_stop);
522 int kthreadd(void *unused)
524 struct task_struct *tsk = current;
526 /* Setup a clean context for our children to inherit. */
527 set_task_comm(tsk, "kthreadd");
529 set_cpus_allowed_ptr(tsk, cpu_all_mask);
530 set_mems_allowed(node_states[N_MEMORY]);
532 current->flags |= PF_NOFREEZE;
535 set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
536 if (list_empty(&kthread_create_list))
538 __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
540 spin_lock(&kthread_create_lock);
541 while (!list_empty(&kthread_create_list)) {
542 struct kthread_create_info *create;
544 create = list_entry(kthread_create_list.next,
545 struct kthread_create_info, list);
546 list_del_init(&create->list);
547 spin_unlock(&kthread_create_lock);
549 create_kthread(create);
551 spin_lock(&kthread_create_lock);
553 spin_unlock(&kthread_create_lock);
559 void __kthread_init_worker(struct kthread_worker *worker,
561 struct lock_class_key *key)
563 spin_lock_init(&worker->lock);
564 lockdep_set_class_and_name(&worker->lock, key, name);
565 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&worker->work_list);
568 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__kthread_init_worker);
571 * kthread_worker_fn - kthread function to process kthread_worker
572 * @worker_ptr: pointer to initialized kthread_worker
574 * This function implements the main cycle of kthread worker. It processes
575 * work_list until it is stopped with kthread_stop(). It sleeps when the queue
578 * The works are not allowed to keep any locks, disable preemption or interrupts
579 * when they finish. There is defined a safe point for freezing when one work
580 * finishes and before a new one is started.
582 int kthread_worker_fn(void *worker_ptr)
584 struct kthread_worker *worker = worker_ptr;
585 struct kthread_work *work;
588 * FIXME: Update the check and remove the assignment when all kthread
589 * worker users are created using kthread_create_worker*() functions.
591 WARN_ON(worker->task && worker->task != current);
592 worker->task = current;
594 set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE); /* mb paired w/ kthread_stop */
596 if (kthread_should_stop()) {
597 __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
598 spin_lock_irq(&worker->lock);
600 spin_unlock_irq(&worker->lock);
605 spin_lock_irq(&worker->lock);
606 if (!list_empty(&worker->work_list)) {
607 work = list_first_entry(&worker->work_list,
608 struct kthread_work, node);
609 list_del_init(&work->node);
611 worker->current_work = work;
612 spin_unlock_irq(&worker->lock);
615 __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
617 } else if (!freezing(current))
623 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kthread_worker_fn);
625 static struct kthread_worker *
626 __kthread_create_worker(int cpu, const char namefmt[], va_list args)
628 struct kthread_worker *worker;
629 struct task_struct *task;
631 worker = kzalloc(sizeof(*worker), GFP_KERNEL);
633 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
635 kthread_init_worker(worker);
638 char name[TASK_COMM_LEN];
641 * kthread_create_worker_on_cpu() allows to pass a generic
642 * namefmt in compare with kthread_create_on_cpu. We need
645 vsnprintf(name, sizeof(name), namefmt, args);
646 task = kthread_create_on_cpu(kthread_worker_fn, worker,
649 task = __kthread_create_on_node(kthread_worker_fn, worker,
657 wake_up_process(task);
662 return ERR_CAST(task);
666 * kthread_create_worker - create a kthread worker
667 * @namefmt: printf-style name for the kthread worker (task).
669 * Returns a pointer to the allocated worker on success, ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM)
670 * when the needed structures could not get allocated, and ERR_PTR(-EINTR)
671 * when the worker was SIGKILLed.
673 struct kthread_worker *
674 kthread_create_worker(const char namefmt[], ...)
676 struct kthread_worker *worker;
679 va_start(args, namefmt);
680 worker = __kthread_create_worker(-1, namefmt, args);
685 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kthread_create_worker);
688 * kthread_create_worker_on_cpu - create a kthread worker and bind it
689 * it to a given CPU and the associated NUMA node.
691 * @namefmt: printf-style name for the kthread worker (task).
693 * Use a valid CPU number if you want to bind the kthread worker
694 * to the given CPU and the associated NUMA node.
696 * A good practice is to add the cpu number also into the worker name.
697 * For example, use kthread_create_worker_on_cpu(cpu, "helper/%d", cpu).
699 * Returns a pointer to the allocated worker on success, ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM)
700 * when the needed structures could not get allocated, and ERR_PTR(-EINTR)
701 * when the worker was SIGKILLed.
703 struct kthread_worker *
704 kthread_create_worker_on_cpu(int cpu, const char namefmt[], ...)
706 struct kthread_worker *worker;
709 va_start(args, namefmt);
710 worker = __kthread_create_worker(cpu, namefmt, args);
715 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kthread_create_worker_on_cpu);
717 /* insert @work before @pos in @worker */
718 static void kthread_insert_work(struct kthread_worker *worker,
719 struct kthread_work *work,
720 struct list_head *pos)
722 lockdep_assert_held(&worker->lock);
724 list_add_tail(&work->node, pos);
725 work->worker = worker;
726 if (!worker->current_work && likely(worker->task))
727 wake_up_process(worker->task);
731 * kthread_queue_work - queue a kthread_work
732 * @worker: target kthread_worker
733 * @work: kthread_work to queue
735 * Queue @work to work processor @task for async execution. @task
736 * must have been created with kthread_worker_create(). Returns %true
737 * if @work was successfully queued, %false if it was already pending.
739 bool kthread_queue_work(struct kthread_worker *worker,
740 struct kthread_work *work)
745 spin_lock_irqsave(&worker->lock, flags);
746 if (list_empty(&work->node)) {
747 kthread_insert_work(worker, work, &worker->work_list);
750 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&worker->lock, flags);
753 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kthread_queue_work);
755 struct kthread_flush_work {
756 struct kthread_work work;
757 struct completion done;
760 static void kthread_flush_work_fn(struct kthread_work *work)
762 struct kthread_flush_work *fwork =
763 container_of(work, struct kthread_flush_work, work);
764 complete(&fwork->done);
768 * kthread_flush_work - flush a kthread_work
769 * @work: work to flush
771 * If @work is queued or executing, wait for it to finish execution.
773 void kthread_flush_work(struct kthread_work *work)
775 struct kthread_flush_work fwork = {
776 KTHREAD_WORK_INIT(fwork.work, kthread_flush_work_fn),
777 COMPLETION_INITIALIZER_ONSTACK(fwork.done),
779 struct kthread_worker *worker;
783 worker = work->worker;
787 spin_lock_irq(&worker->lock);
788 if (work->worker != worker) {
789 spin_unlock_irq(&worker->lock);
793 if (!list_empty(&work->node))
794 kthread_insert_work(worker, &fwork.work, work->node.next);
795 else if (worker->current_work == work)
796 kthread_insert_work(worker, &fwork.work,
797 worker->work_list.next);
801 spin_unlock_irq(&worker->lock);
804 wait_for_completion(&fwork.done);
806 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kthread_flush_work);
809 * kthread_flush_worker - flush all current works on a kthread_worker
810 * @worker: worker to flush
812 * Wait until all currently executing or pending works on @worker are
815 void kthread_flush_worker(struct kthread_worker *worker)
817 struct kthread_flush_work fwork = {
818 KTHREAD_WORK_INIT(fwork.work, kthread_flush_work_fn),
819 COMPLETION_INITIALIZER_ONSTACK(fwork.done),
822 kthread_queue_work(worker, &fwork.work);
823 wait_for_completion(&fwork.done);
825 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kthread_flush_worker);
828 * kthread_destroy_worker - destroy a kthread worker
829 * @worker: worker to be destroyed
831 * Flush and destroy @worker. The simple flush is enough because the kthread
832 * worker API is used only in trivial scenarios. There are no multi-step state
835 void kthread_destroy_worker(struct kthread_worker *worker)
837 struct task_struct *task;
843 kthread_flush_worker(worker);
845 WARN_ON(!list_empty(&worker->work_list));
848 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kthread_destroy_worker);