2 * Kernel Probes (KProbes)
5 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
8 * (at your option) any later version.
10 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 * GNU General Public License for more details.
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
17 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
19 * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2002, 2004
21 * 2002-Oct Created by Vamsi Krishna S <vamsi_krishna@in.ibm.com> Kernel
22 * Probes initial implementation (includes suggestions from
24 * 2004-Aug Updated by Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com> with
25 * hlists and exceptions notifier as suggested by Andi Kleen.
26 * 2004-July Suparna Bhattacharya <suparna@in.ibm.com> added jumper probes
27 * interface to access function arguments.
28 * 2004-Sep Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com> Changed Kprobes
29 * exceptions notifier to be first on the priority list.
30 * 2005-May Hien Nguyen <hien@us.ibm.com>, Jim Keniston
31 * <jkenisto@us.ibm.com> and Prasanna S Panchamukhi
32 * <prasanna@in.ibm.com> added function-return probes.
34 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
35 #include <linux/hash.h>
36 #include <linux/init.h>
37 #include <linux/slab.h>
38 #include <linux/stddef.h>
39 #include <linux/module.h>
40 #include <linux/moduleloader.h>
41 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
42 #include <linux/freezer.h>
43 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
44 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
45 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
46 #include <linux/memory.h>
48 #include <asm-generic/sections.h>
49 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
50 #include <asm/errno.h>
51 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
53 #define KPROBE_HASH_BITS 6
54 #define KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE (1 << KPROBE_HASH_BITS)
58 * Some oddball architectures like 64bit powerpc have function descriptors
59 * so this must be overridable.
61 #ifndef kprobe_lookup_name
62 #define kprobe_lookup_name(name, addr) \
63 addr = ((kprobe_opcode_t *)(kallsyms_lookup_name(name)))
66 static int kprobes_initialized;
67 static struct hlist_head kprobe_table[KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE];
68 static struct hlist_head kretprobe_inst_table[KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE];
70 /* NOTE: change this value only with kprobe_mutex held */
71 static bool kprobes_all_disarmed;
73 static DEFINE_MUTEX(kprobe_mutex); /* Protects kprobe_table */
74 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kprobe *, kprobe_instance) = NULL;
76 spinlock_t lock ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
77 } kretprobe_table_locks[KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE];
79 static spinlock_t *kretprobe_table_lock_ptr(unsigned long hash)
81 return &(kretprobe_table_locks[hash].lock);
85 * Normally, functions that we'd want to prohibit kprobes in, are marked
86 * __kprobes. But, there are cases where such functions already belong to
87 * a different section (__sched for preempt_schedule)
89 * For such cases, we now have a blacklist
91 static struct kprobe_blackpoint kprobe_blacklist[] = {
92 {"preempt_schedule",},
93 {"native_get_debugreg",},
94 {"irq_entries_start",},
95 {"common_interrupt",},
96 {NULL} /* Terminator */
99 #ifdef __ARCH_WANT_KPROBES_INSN_SLOT
101 * kprobe->ainsn.insn points to the copy of the instruction to be
102 * single-stepped. x86_64, POWER4 and above have no-exec support and
103 * stepping on the instruction on a vmalloced/kmalloced/data page
104 * is a recipe for disaster
106 #define INSNS_PER_PAGE (PAGE_SIZE/(MAX_INSN_SIZE * sizeof(kprobe_opcode_t)))
108 struct kprobe_insn_page {
109 struct list_head list;
110 kprobe_opcode_t *insns; /* Page of instruction slots */
111 char slot_used[INSNS_PER_PAGE];
116 enum kprobe_slot_state {
122 static DEFINE_MUTEX(kprobe_insn_mutex); /* Protects kprobe_insn_pages */
123 static LIST_HEAD(kprobe_insn_pages);
124 static int kprobe_garbage_slots;
125 static int collect_garbage_slots(void);
127 static int __kprobes check_safety(void)
130 #if defined(CONFIG_PREEMPT) && defined(CONFIG_FREEZER)
131 ret = freeze_processes();
133 struct task_struct *p, *q;
134 do_each_thread(p, q) {
135 if (p != current && p->state == TASK_RUNNING &&
137 printk("Check failed: %s is running\n",p->comm);
141 } while_each_thread(p, q);
152 * __get_insn_slot() - Find a slot on an executable page for an instruction.
153 * We allocate an executable page if there's no room on existing ones.
155 static kprobe_opcode_t __kprobes *__get_insn_slot(void)
157 struct kprobe_insn_page *kip;
160 list_for_each_entry(kip, &kprobe_insn_pages, list) {
161 if (kip->nused < INSNS_PER_PAGE) {
163 for (i = 0; i < INSNS_PER_PAGE; i++) {
164 if (kip->slot_used[i] == SLOT_CLEAN) {
165 kip->slot_used[i] = SLOT_USED;
167 return kip->insns + (i * MAX_INSN_SIZE);
170 /* Surprise! No unused slots. Fix kip->nused. */
171 kip->nused = INSNS_PER_PAGE;
175 /* If there are any garbage slots, collect it and try again. */
176 if (kprobe_garbage_slots && collect_garbage_slots() == 0) {
179 /* All out of space. Need to allocate a new page. Use slot 0. */
180 kip = kmalloc(sizeof(struct kprobe_insn_page), GFP_KERNEL);
185 * Use module_alloc so this page is within +/- 2GB of where the
186 * kernel image and loaded module images reside. This is required
187 * so x86_64 can correctly handle the %rip-relative fixups.
189 kip->insns = module_alloc(PAGE_SIZE);
194 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&kip->list);
195 list_add(&kip->list, &kprobe_insn_pages);
196 memset(kip->slot_used, SLOT_CLEAN, INSNS_PER_PAGE);
197 kip->slot_used[0] = SLOT_USED;
203 kprobe_opcode_t __kprobes *get_insn_slot(void)
205 kprobe_opcode_t *ret;
206 mutex_lock(&kprobe_insn_mutex);
207 ret = __get_insn_slot();
208 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_insn_mutex);
212 /* Return 1 if all garbages are collected, otherwise 0. */
213 static int __kprobes collect_one_slot(struct kprobe_insn_page *kip, int idx)
215 kip->slot_used[idx] = SLOT_CLEAN;
217 if (kip->nused == 0) {
219 * Page is no longer in use. Free it unless
220 * it's the last one. We keep the last one
221 * so as not to have to set it up again the
222 * next time somebody inserts a probe.
224 if (!list_is_singular(&kprobe_insn_pages)) {
225 list_del(&kip->list);
226 module_free(NULL, kip->insns);
234 static int __kprobes collect_garbage_slots(void)
236 struct kprobe_insn_page *kip, *next;
238 /* Ensure no-one is preepmted on the garbages */
242 list_for_each_entry_safe(kip, next, &kprobe_insn_pages, list) {
244 if (kip->ngarbage == 0)
246 kip->ngarbage = 0; /* we will collect all garbages */
247 for (i = 0; i < INSNS_PER_PAGE; i++) {
248 if (kip->slot_used[i] == SLOT_DIRTY &&
249 collect_one_slot(kip, i))
253 kprobe_garbage_slots = 0;
257 void __kprobes free_insn_slot(kprobe_opcode_t * slot, int dirty)
259 struct kprobe_insn_page *kip;
261 mutex_lock(&kprobe_insn_mutex);
262 list_for_each_entry(kip, &kprobe_insn_pages, list) {
263 if (kip->insns <= slot &&
264 slot < kip->insns + (INSNS_PER_PAGE * MAX_INSN_SIZE)) {
265 int i = (slot - kip->insns) / MAX_INSN_SIZE;
267 kip->slot_used[i] = SLOT_DIRTY;
270 collect_one_slot(kip, i);
275 if (dirty && ++kprobe_garbage_slots > INSNS_PER_PAGE)
276 collect_garbage_slots();
278 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_insn_mutex);
282 /* We have preemption disabled.. so it is safe to use __ versions */
283 static inline void set_kprobe_instance(struct kprobe *kp)
285 __get_cpu_var(kprobe_instance) = kp;
288 static inline void reset_kprobe_instance(void)
290 __get_cpu_var(kprobe_instance) = NULL;
294 * This routine is called either:
295 * - under the kprobe_mutex - during kprobe_[un]register()
297 * - with preemption disabled - from arch/xxx/kernel/kprobes.c
299 struct kprobe __kprobes *get_kprobe(void *addr)
301 struct hlist_head *head;
302 struct hlist_node *node;
305 head = &kprobe_table[hash_ptr(addr, KPROBE_HASH_BITS)];
306 hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(p, node, head, hlist) {
313 /* Arm a kprobe with text_mutex */
314 static void __kprobes arm_kprobe(struct kprobe *kp)
316 mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
318 mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
321 /* Disarm a kprobe with text_mutex */
322 static void __kprobes disarm_kprobe(struct kprobe *kp)
324 mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
325 arch_disarm_kprobe(kp);
326 mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
330 * Aggregate handlers for multiple kprobes support - these handlers
331 * take care of invoking the individual kprobe handlers on p->list
333 static int __kprobes aggr_pre_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
337 list_for_each_entry_rcu(kp, &p->list, list) {
338 if (kp->pre_handler && likely(!kprobe_disabled(kp))) {
339 set_kprobe_instance(kp);
340 if (kp->pre_handler(kp, regs))
343 reset_kprobe_instance();
348 static void __kprobes aggr_post_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs,
353 list_for_each_entry_rcu(kp, &p->list, list) {
354 if (kp->post_handler && likely(!kprobe_disabled(kp))) {
355 set_kprobe_instance(kp);
356 kp->post_handler(kp, regs, flags);
357 reset_kprobe_instance();
362 static int __kprobes aggr_fault_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs,
365 struct kprobe *cur = __get_cpu_var(kprobe_instance);
368 * if we faulted "during" the execution of a user specified
369 * probe handler, invoke just that probe's fault handler
371 if (cur && cur->fault_handler) {
372 if (cur->fault_handler(cur, regs, trapnr))
378 static int __kprobes aggr_break_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
380 struct kprobe *cur = __get_cpu_var(kprobe_instance);
383 if (cur && cur->break_handler) {
384 if (cur->break_handler(cur, regs))
387 reset_kprobe_instance();
391 /* Walks the list and increments nmissed count for multiprobe case */
392 void __kprobes kprobes_inc_nmissed_count(struct kprobe *p)
395 if (p->pre_handler != aggr_pre_handler) {
398 list_for_each_entry_rcu(kp, &p->list, list)
404 void __kprobes recycle_rp_inst(struct kretprobe_instance *ri,
405 struct hlist_head *head)
407 struct kretprobe *rp = ri->rp;
409 /* remove rp inst off the rprobe_inst_table */
410 hlist_del(&ri->hlist);
411 INIT_HLIST_NODE(&ri->hlist);
413 spin_lock(&rp->lock);
414 hlist_add_head(&ri->hlist, &rp->free_instances);
415 spin_unlock(&rp->lock);
418 hlist_add_head(&ri->hlist, head);
421 void __kprobes kretprobe_hash_lock(struct task_struct *tsk,
422 struct hlist_head **head, unsigned long *flags)
424 unsigned long hash = hash_ptr(tsk, KPROBE_HASH_BITS);
425 spinlock_t *hlist_lock;
427 *head = &kretprobe_inst_table[hash];
428 hlist_lock = kretprobe_table_lock_ptr(hash);
429 spin_lock_irqsave(hlist_lock, *flags);
432 static void __kprobes kretprobe_table_lock(unsigned long hash,
433 unsigned long *flags)
435 spinlock_t *hlist_lock = kretprobe_table_lock_ptr(hash);
436 spin_lock_irqsave(hlist_lock, *flags);
439 void __kprobes kretprobe_hash_unlock(struct task_struct *tsk,
440 unsigned long *flags)
442 unsigned long hash = hash_ptr(tsk, KPROBE_HASH_BITS);
443 spinlock_t *hlist_lock;
445 hlist_lock = kretprobe_table_lock_ptr(hash);
446 spin_unlock_irqrestore(hlist_lock, *flags);
449 void __kprobes kretprobe_table_unlock(unsigned long hash, unsigned long *flags)
451 spinlock_t *hlist_lock = kretprobe_table_lock_ptr(hash);
452 spin_unlock_irqrestore(hlist_lock, *flags);
456 * This function is called from finish_task_switch when task tk becomes dead,
457 * so that we can recycle any function-return probe instances associated
458 * with this task. These left over instances represent probed functions
459 * that have been called but will never return.
461 void __kprobes kprobe_flush_task(struct task_struct *tk)
463 struct kretprobe_instance *ri;
464 struct hlist_head *head, empty_rp;
465 struct hlist_node *node, *tmp;
466 unsigned long hash, flags = 0;
468 if (unlikely(!kprobes_initialized))
469 /* Early boot. kretprobe_table_locks not yet initialized. */
472 hash = hash_ptr(tk, KPROBE_HASH_BITS);
473 head = &kretprobe_inst_table[hash];
474 kretprobe_table_lock(hash, &flags);
475 hlist_for_each_entry_safe(ri, node, tmp, head, hlist) {
477 recycle_rp_inst(ri, &empty_rp);
479 kretprobe_table_unlock(hash, &flags);
480 INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&empty_rp);
481 hlist_for_each_entry_safe(ri, node, tmp, &empty_rp, hlist) {
482 hlist_del(&ri->hlist);
487 static inline void free_rp_inst(struct kretprobe *rp)
489 struct kretprobe_instance *ri;
490 struct hlist_node *pos, *next;
492 hlist_for_each_entry_safe(ri, pos, next, &rp->free_instances, hlist) {
493 hlist_del(&ri->hlist);
498 static void __kprobes cleanup_rp_inst(struct kretprobe *rp)
500 unsigned long flags, hash;
501 struct kretprobe_instance *ri;
502 struct hlist_node *pos, *next;
503 struct hlist_head *head;
506 for (hash = 0; hash < KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE; hash++) {
507 kretprobe_table_lock(hash, &flags);
508 head = &kretprobe_inst_table[hash];
509 hlist_for_each_entry_safe(ri, pos, next, head, hlist) {
513 kretprobe_table_unlock(hash, &flags);
519 * Keep all fields in the kprobe consistent
521 static inline void copy_kprobe(struct kprobe *old_p, struct kprobe *p)
523 memcpy(&p->opcode, &old_p->opcode, sizeof(kprobe_opcode_t));
524 memcpy(&p->ainsn, &old_p->ainsn, sizeof(struct arch_specific_insn));
528 * Add the new probe to ap->list. Fail if this is the
529 * second jprobe at the address - two jprobes can't coexist
531 static int __kprobes add_new_kprobe(struct kprobe *ap, struct kprobe *p)
533 BUG_ON(kprobe_gone(ap) || kprobe_gone(p));
534 if (p->break_handler) {
535 if (ap->break_handler)
537 list_add_tail_rcu(&p->list, &ap->list);
538 ap->break_handler = aggr_break_handler;
540 list_add_rcu(&p->list, &ap->list);
541 if (p->post_handler && !ap->post_handler)
542 ap->post_handler = aggr_post_handler;
544 if (kprobe_disabled(ap) && !kprobe_disabled(p)) {
545 ap->flags &= ~KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED;
546 if (!kprobes_all_disarmed)
547 /* Arm the breakpoint again. */
554 * Fill in the required fields of the "manager kprobe". Replace the
555 * earlier kprobe in the hlist with the manager kprobe
557 static inline void add_aggr_kprobe(struct kprobe *ap, struct kprobe *p)
562 ap->flags = p->flags;
563 ap->pre_handler = aggr_pre_handler;
564 ap->fault_handler = aggr_fault_handler;
565 /* We don't care the kprobe which has gone. */
566 if (p->post_handler && !kprobe_gone(p))
567 ap->post_handler = aggr_post_handler;
568 if (p->break_handler && !kprobe_gone(p))
569 ap->break_handler = aggr_break_handler;
571 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ap->list);
572 list_add_rcu(&p->list, &ap->list);
574 hlist_replace_rcu(&p->hlist, &ap->hlist);
578 * This is the second or subsequent kprobe at the address - handle
581 static int __kprobes register_aggr_kprobe(struct kprobe *old_p,
585 struct kprobe *ap = old_p;
587 if (old_p->pre_handler != aggr_pre_handler) {
588 /* If old_p is not an aggr_probe, create new aggr_kprobe. */
589 ap = kzalloc(sizeof(struct kprobe), GFP_KERNEL);
592 add_aggr_kprobe(ap, old_p);
595 if (kprobe_gone(ap)) {
597 * Attempting to insert new probe at the same location that
598 * had a probe in the module vaddr area which already
599 * freed. So, the instruction slot has already been
600 * released. We need a new slot for the new probe.
602 ret = arch_prepare_kprobe(ap);
605 * Even if fail to allocate new slot, don't need to
606 * free aggr_probe. It will be used next time, or
607 * freed by unregister_kprobe.
612 * Clear gone flag to prevent allocating new slot again, and
613 * set disabled flag because it is not armed yet.
615 ap->flags = (ap->flags & ~KPROBE_FLAG_GONE)
616 | KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED;
620 return add_new_kprobe(ap, p);
623 /* Try to disable aggr_kprobe, and return 1 if succeeded.*/
624 static int __kprobes try_to_disable_aggr_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
628 list_for_each_entry_rcu(kp, &p->list, list) {
629 if (!kprobe_disabled(kp))
631 * There is an active probe on the list.
632 * We can't disable aggr_kprobe.
636 p->flags |= KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED;
640 static int __kprobes in_kprobes_functions(unsigned long addr)
642 struct kprobe_blackpoint *kb;
644 if (addr >= (unsigned long)__kprobes_text_start &&
645 addr < (unsigned long)__kprobes_text_end)
648 * If there exists a kprobe_blacklist, verify and
649 * fail any probe registration in the prohibited area
651 for (kb = kprobe_blacklist; kb->name != NULL; kb++) {
652 if (kb->start_addr) {
653 if (addr >= kb->start_addr &&
654 addr < (kb->start_addr + kb->range))
662 * If we have a symbol_name argument, look it up and add the offset field
663 * to it. This way, we can specify a relative address to a symbol.
665 static kprobe_opcode_t __kprobes *kprobe_addr(struct kprobe *p)
667 kprobe_opcode_t *addr = p->addr;
668 if (p->symbol_name) {
671 kprobe_lookup_name(p->symbol_name, addr);
676 return (kprobe_opcode_t *)(((char *)addr) + p->offset);
679 /* Check passed kprobe is valid and return kprobe in kprobe_table. */
680 static struct kprobe * __kprobes __get_valid_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
682 struct kprobe *old_p, *list_p;
684 old_p = get_kprobe(p->addr);
685 if (unlikely(!old_p))
689 list_for_each_entry_rcu(list_p, &old_p->list, list)
691 /* kprobe p is a valid probe */
699 /* Return error if the kprobe is being re-registered */
700 static inline int check_kprobe_rereg(struct kprobe *p)
703 struct kprobe *old_p;
705 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex);
706 old_p = __get_valid_kprobe(p);
709 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex);
713 int __kprobes register_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
716 struct kprobe *old_p;
717 struct module *probed_mod;
718 kprobe_opcode_t *addr;
720 addr = kprobe_addr(p);
725 ret = check_kprobe_rereg(p);
730 if (!kernel_text_address((unsigned long) p->addr) ||
731 in_kprobes_functions((unsigned long) p->addr)) {
736 /* User can pass only KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED to register_kprobe */
737 p->flags &= KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED;
740 * Check if are we probing a module.
742 probed_mod = __module_text_address((unsigned long) p->addr);
745 * We must hold a refcount of the probed module while updating
746 * its code to prohibit unexpected unloading.
748 if (unlikely(!try_module_get(probed_mod))) {
753 * If the module freed .init.text, we couldn't insert
756 if (within_module_init((unsigned long)p->addr, probed_mod) &&
757 probed_mod->state != MODULE_STATE_COMING) {
758 module_put(probed_mod);
766 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->list);
767 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex);
768 old_p = get_kprobe(p->addr);
770 ret = register_aggr_kprobe(old_p, p);
774 mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
775 ret = arch_prepare_kprobe(p);
777 goto out_unlock_text;
779 INIT_HLIST_NODE(&p->hlist);
780 hlist_add_head_rcu(&p->hlist,
781 &kprobe_table[hash_ptr(p->addr, KPROBE_HASH_BITS)]);
783 if (!kprobes_all_disarmed && !kprobe_disabled(p))
787 mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
789 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex);
792 module_put(probed_mod);
796 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_kprobe);
799 * Unregister a kprobe without a scheduler synchronization.
801 static int __kprobes __unregister_kprobe_top(struct kprobe *p)
803 struct kprobe *old_p, *list_p;
805 old_p = __get_valid_kprobe(p);
810 (old_p->pre_handler == aggr_pre_handler &&
811 list_is_singular(&old_p->list))) {
813 * Only probe on the hash list. Disarm only if kprobes are
814 * enabled and not gone - otherwise, the breakpoint would
815 * already have been removed. We save on flushing icache.
817 if (!kprobes_all_disarmed && !kprobe_disabled(old_p))
819 hlist_del_rcu(&old_p->hlist);
821 if (p->break_handler && !kprobe_gone(p))
822 old_p->break_handler = NULL;
823 if (p->post_handler && !kprobe_gone(p)) {
824 list_for_each_entry_rcu(list_p, &old_p->list, list) {
825 if ((list_p != p) && (list_p->post_handler))
828 old_p->post_handler = NULL;
831 list_del_rcu(&p->list);
832 if (!kprobe_disabled(old_p)) {
833 try_to_disable_aggr_kprobe(old_p);
834 if (!kprobes_all_disarmed && kprobe_disabled(old_p))
835 disarm_kprobe(old_p);
841 static void __kprobes __unregister_kprobe_bottom(struct kprobe *p)
843 struct kprobe *old_p;
845 if (list_empty(&p->list))
846 arch_remove_kprobe(p);
847 else if (list_is_singular(&p->list)) {
848 /* "p" is the last child of an aggr_kprobe */
849 old_p = list_entry(p->list.next, struct kprobe, list);
851 arch_remove_kprobe(old_p);
856 int __kprobes register_kprobes(struct kprobe **kps, int num)
862 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
863 ret = register_kprobe(kps[i]);
866 unregister_kprobes(kps, i);
872 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_kprobes);
874 void __kprobes unregister_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
876 unregister_kprobes(&p, 1);
878 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_kprobe);
880 void __kprobes unregister_kprobes(struct kprobe **kps, int num)
886 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex);
887 for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
888 if (__unregister_kprobe_top(kps[i]) < 0)
890 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex);
893 for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
895 __unregister_kprobe_bottom(kps[i]);
897 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_kprobes);
899 static struct notifier_block kprobe_exceptions_nb = {
900 .notifier_call = kprobe_exceptions_notify,
901 .priority = 0x7fffffff /* we need to be notified first */
904 unsigned long __weak arch_deref_entry_point(void *entry)
906 return (unsigned long)entry;
909 int __kprobes register_jprobes(struct jprobe **jps, int num)
916 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
919 addr = arch_deref_entry_point(jp->entry);
921 if (!kernel_text_address(addr))
924 /* Todo: Verify probepoint is a function entry point */
925 jp->kp.pre_handler = setjmp_pre_handler;
926 jp->kp.break_handler = longjmp_break_handler;
927 ret = register_kprobe(&jp->kp);
931 unregister_jprobes(jps, i);
937 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_jprobes);
939 int __kprobes register_jprobe(struct jprobe *jp)
941 return register_jprobes(&jp, 1);
943 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_jprobe);
945 void __kprobes unregister_jprobe(struct jprobe *jp)
947 unregister_jprobes(&jp, 1);
949 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_jprobe);
951 void __kprobes unregister_jprobes(struct jprobe **jps, int num)
957 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex);
958 for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
959 if (__unregister_kprobe_top(&jps[i]->kp) < 0)
960 jps[i]->kp.addr = NULL;
961 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex);
964 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
966 __unregister_kprobe_bottom(&jps[i]->kp);
969 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_jprobes);
971 #ifdef CONFIG_KRETPROBES
973 * This kprobe pre_handler is registered with every kretprobe. When probe
974 * hits it will set up the return probe.
976 static int __kprobes pre_handler_kretprobe(struct kprobe *p,
977 struct pt_regs *regs)
979 struct kretprobe *rp = container_of(p, struct kretprobe, kp);
980 unsigned long hash, flags = 0;
981 struct kretprobe_instance *ri;
983 /*TODO: consider to only swap the RA after the last pre_handler fired */
984 hash = hash_ptr(current, KPROBE_HASH_BITS);
985 spin_lock_irqsave(&rp->lock, flags);
986 if (!hlist_empty(&rp->free_instances)) {
987 ri = hlist_entry(rp->free_instances.first,
988 struct kretprobe_instance, hlist);
989 hlist_del(&ri->hlist);
990 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rp->lock, flags);
995 if (rp->entry_handler && rp->entry_handler(ri, regs))
998 arch_prepare_kretprobe(ri, regs);
1000 /* XXX(hch): why is there no hlist_move_head? */
1001 INIT_HLIST_NODE(&ri->hlist);
1002 kretprobe_table_lock(hash, &flags);
1003 hlist_add_head(&ri->hlist, &kretprobe_inst_table[hash]);
1004 kretprobe_table_unlock(hash, &flags);
1007 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rp->lock, flags);
1012 int __kprobes register_kretprobe(struct kretprobe *rp)
1015 struct kretprobe_instance *inst;
1019 if (kretprobe_blacklist_size) {
1020 addr = kprobe_addr(&rp->kp);
1024 for (i = 0; kretprobe_blacklist[i].name != NULL; i++) {
1025 if (kretprobe_blacklist[i].addr == addr)
1030 rp->kp.pre_handler = pre_handler_kretprobe;
1031 rp->kp.post_handler = NULL;
1032 rp->kp.fault_handler = NULL;
1033 rp->kp.break_handler = NULL;
1035 /* Pre-allocate memory for max kretprobe instances */
1036 if (rp->maxactive <= 0) {
1037 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
1038 rp->maxactive = max(10, 2 * NR_CPUS);
1040 rp->maxactive = NR_CPUS;
1043 spin_lock_init(&rp->lock);
1044 INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&rp->free_instances);
1045 for (i = 0; i < rp->maxactive; i++) {
1046 inst = kmalloc(sizeof(struct kretprobe_instance) +
1047 rp->data_size, GFP_KERNEL);
1052 INIT_HLIST_NODE(&inst->hlist);
1053 hlist_add_head(&inst->hlist, &rp->free_instances);
1057 /* Establish function entry probe point */
1058 ret = register_kprobe(&rp->kp);
1063 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_kretprobe);
1065 int __kprobes register_kretprobes(struct kretprobe **rps, int num)
1071 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1072 ret = register_kretprobe(rps[i]);
1075 unregister_kretprobes(rps, i);
1081 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_kretprobes);
1083 void __kprobes unregister_kretprobe(struct kretprobe *rp)
1085 unregister_kretprobes(&rp, 1);
1087 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_kretprobe);
1089 void __kprobes unregister_kretprobes(struct kretprobe **rps, int num)
1095 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex);
1096 for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
1097 if (__unregister_kprobe_top(&rps[i]->kp) < 0)
1098 rps[i]->kp.addr = NULL;
1099 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex);
1101 synchronize_sched();
1102 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1103 if (rps[i]->kp.addr) {
1104 __unregister_kprobe_bottom(&rps[i]->kp);
1105 cleanup_rp_inst(rps[i]);
1109 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_kretprobes);
1111 #else /* CONFIG_KRETPROBES */
1112 int __kprobes register_kretprobe(struct kretprobe *rp)
1116 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_kretprobe);
1118 int __kprobes register_kretprobes(struct kretprobe **rps, int num)
1122 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_kretprobes);
1124 void __kprobes unregister_kretprobe(struct kretprobe *rp)
1127 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_kretprobe);
1129 void __kprobes unregister_kretprobes(struct kretprobe **rps, int num)
1132 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_kretprobes);
1134 static int __kprobes pre_handler_kretprobe(struct kprobe *p,
1135 struct pt_regs *regs)
1140 #endif /* CONFIG_KRETPROBES */
1142 /* Set the kprobe gone and remove its instruction buffer. */
1143 static void __kprobes kill_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
1147 p->flags |= KPROBE_FLAG_GONE;
1148 if (p->pre_handler == aggr_pre_handler) {
1150 * If this is an aggr_kprobe, we have to list all the
1151 * chained probes and mark them GONE.
1153 list_for_each_entry_rcu(kp, &p->list, list)
1154 kp->flags |= KPROBE_FLAG_GONE;
1155 p->post_handler = NULL;
1156 p->break_handler = NULL;
1159 * Here, we can remove insn_slot safely, because no thread calls
1160 * the original probed function (which will be freed soon) any more.
1162 arch_remove_kprobe(p);
1165 void __kprobes dump_kprobe(struct kprobe *kp)
1167 printk(KERN_WARNING "Dumping kprobe:\n");
1168 printk(KERN_WARNING "Name: %s\nAddress: %p\nOffset: %x\n",
1169 kp->symbol_name, kp->addr, kp->offset);
1172 /* Module notifier call back, checking kprobes on the module */
1173 static int __kprobes kprobes_module_callback(struct notifier_block *nb,
1174 unsigned long val, void *data)
1176 struct module *mod = data;
1177 struct hlist_head *head;
1178 struct hlist_node *node;
1181 int checkcore = (val == MODULE_STATE_GOING);
1183 if (val != MODULE_STATE_GOING && val != MODULE_STATE_LIVE)
1187 * When MODULE_STATE_GOING was notified, both of module .text and
1188 * .init.text sections would be freed. When MODULE_STATE_LIVE was
1189 * notified, only .init.text section would be freed. We need to
1190 * disable kprobes which have been inserted in the sections.
1192 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex);
1193 for (i = 0; i < KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE; i++) {
1194 head = &kprobe_table[i];
1195 hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(p, node, head, hlist)
1196 if (within_module_init((unsigned long)p->addr, mod) ||
1198 within_module_core((unsigned long)p->addr, mod))) {
1200 * The vaddr this probe is installed will soon
1201 * be vfreed buy not synced to disk. Hence,
1202 * disarming the breakpoint isn't needed.
1207 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex);
1211 static struct notifier_block kprobe_module_nb = {
1212 .notifier_call = kprobes_module_callback,
1216 static int __init init_kprobes(void)
1219 unsigned long offset = 0, size = 0;
1220 char *modname, namebuf[128];
1221 const char *symbol_name;
1223 struct kprobe_blackpoint *kb;
1225 /* FIXME allocate the probe table, currently defined statically */
1226 /* initialize all list heads */
1227 for (i = 0; i < KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE; i++) {
1228 INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&kprobe_table[i]);
1229 INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&kretprobe_inst_table[i]);
1230 spin_lock_init(&(kretprobe_table_locks[i].lock));
1234 * Lookup and populate the kprobe_blacklist.
1236 * Unlike the kretprobe blacklist, we'll need to determine
1237 * the range of addresses that belong to the said functions,
1238 * since a kprobe need not necessarily be at the beginning
1241 for (kb = kprobe_blacklist; kb->name != NULL; kb++) {
1242 kprobe_lookup_name(kb->name, addr);
1246 kb->start_addr = (unsigned long)addr;
1247 symbol_name = kallsyms_lookup(kb->start_addr,
1248 &size, &offset, &modname, namebuf);
1255 if (kretprobe_blacklist_size) {
1256 /* lookup the function address from its name */
1257 for (i = 0; kretprobe_blacklist[i].name != NULL; i++) {
1258 kprobe_lookup_name(kretprobe_blacklist[i].name,
1259 kretprobe_blacklist[i].addr);
1260 if (!kretprobe_blacklist[i].addr)
1261 printk("kretprobe: lookup failed: %s\n",
1262 kretprobe_blacklist[i].name);
1266 /* By default, kprobes are armed */
1267 kprobes_all_disarmed = false;
1269 err = arch_init_kprobes();
1271 err = register_die_notifier(&kprobe_exceptions_nb);
1273 err = register_module_notifier(&kprobe_module_nb);
1275 kprobes_initialized = (err == 0);
1282 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
1283 static void __kprobes report_probe(struct seq_file *pi, struct kprobe *p,
1284 const char *sym, int offset,char *modname)
1288 if (p->pre_handler == pre_handler_kretprobe)
1290 else if (p->pre_handler == setjmp_pre_handler)
1295 seq_printf(pi, "%p %s %s+0x%x %s %s%s\n",
1296 p->addr, kprobe_type, sym, offset,
1297 (modname ? modname : " "),
1298 (kprobe_gone(p) ? "[GONE]" : ""),
1299 ((kprobe_disabled(p) && !kprobe_gone(p)) ?
1300 "[DISABLED]" : ""));
1302 seq_printf(pi, "%p %s %p %s%s\n",
1303 p->addr, kprobe_type, p->addr,
1304 (kprobe_gone(p) ? "[GONE]" : ""),
1305 ((kprobe_disabled(p) && !kprobe_gone(p)) ?
1306 "[DISABLED]" : ""));
1309 static void __kprobes *kprobe_seq_start(struct seq_file *f, loff_t *pos)
1311 return (*pos < KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE) ? pos : NULL;
1314 static void __kprobes *kprobe_seq_next(struct seq_file *f, void *v, loff_t *pos)
1317 if (*pos >= KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE)
1322 static void __kprobes kprobe_seq_stop(struct seq_file *f, void *v)
1327 static int __kprobes show_kprobe_addr(struct seq_file *pi, void *v)
1329 struct hlist_head *head;
1330 struct hlist_node *node;
1331 struct kprobe *p, *kp;
1332 const char *sym = NULL;
1333 unsigned int i = *(loff_t *) v;
1334 unsigned long offset = 0;
1335 char *modname, namebuf[128];
1337 head = &kprobe_table[i];
1339 hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(p, node, head, hlist) {
1340 sym = kallsyms_lookup((unsigned long)p->addr, NULL,
1341 &offset, &modname, namebuf);
1342 if (p->pre_handler == aggr_pre_handler) {
1343 list_for_each_entry_rcu(kp, &p->list, list)
1344 report_probe(pi, kp, sym, offset, modname);
1346 report_probe(pi, p, sym, offset, modname);
1352 static const struct seq_operations kprobes_seq_ops = {
1353 .start = kprobe_seq_start,
1354 .next = kprobe_seq_next,
1355 .stop = kprobe_seq_stop,
1356 .show = show_kprobe_addr
1359 static int __kprobes kprobes_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
1361 return seq_open(filp, &kprobes_seq_ops);
1364 static const struct file_operations debugfs_kprobes_operations = {
1365 .open = kprobes_open,
1367 .llseek = seq_lseek,
1368 .release = seq_release,
1371 /* Disable one kprobe */
1372 int __kprobes disable_kprobe(struct kprobe *kp)
1377 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex);
1379 /* Check whether specified probe is valid. */
1380 p = __get_valid_kprobe(kp);
1381 if (unlikely(p == NULL)) {
1386 /* If the probe is already disabled (or gone), just return */
1387 if (kprobe_disabled(kp))
1390 kp->flags |= KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED;
1392 /* When kp != p, p is always enabled. */
1393 try_to_disable_aggr_kprobe(p);
1395 if (!kprobes_all_disarmed && kprobe_disabled(p))
1398 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex);
1401 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(disable_kprobe);
1403 /* Enable one kprobe */
1404 int __kprobes enable_kprobe(struct kprobe *kp)
1409 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex);
1411 /* Check whether specified probe is valid. */
1412 p = __get_valid_kprobe(kp);
1413 if (unlikely(p == NULL)) {
1418 if (kprobe_gone(kp)) {
1419 /* This kprobe has gone, we couldn't enable it. */
1424 if (!kprobes_all_disarmed && kprobe_disabled(p))
1427 p->flags &= ~KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED;
1429 kp->flags &= ~KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED;
1431 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex);
1434 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(enable_kprobe);
1436 static void __kprobes arm_all_kprobes(void)
1438 struct hlist_head *head;
1439 struct hlist_node *node;
1443 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex);
1445 /* If kprobes are armed, just return */
1446 if (!kprobes_all_disarmed)
1447 goto already_enabled;
1449 mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
1450 for (i = 0; i < KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE; i++) {
1451 head = &kprobe_table[i];
1452 hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(p, node, head, hlist)
1453 if (!kprobe_disabled(p))
1456 mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
1458 kprobes_all_disarmed = false;
1459 printk(KERN_INFO "Kprobes globally enabled\n");
1462 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex);
1466 static void __kprobes disarm_all_kprobes(void)
1468 struct hlist_head *head;
1469 struct hlist_node *node;
1473 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex);
1475 /* If kprobes are already disarmed, just return */
1476 if (kprobes_all_disarmed)
1477 goto already_disabled;
1479 kprobes_all_disarmed = true;
1480 printk(KERN_INFO "Kprobes globally disabled\n");
1481 mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
1482 for (i = 0; i < KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE; i++) {
1483 head = &kprobe_table[i];
1484 hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(p, node, head, hlist) {
1485 if (!arch_trampoline_kprobe(p) && !kprobe_disabled(p))
1486 arch_disarm_kprobe(p);
1490 mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
1491 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex);
1492 /* Allow all currently running kprobes to complete */
1493 synchronize_sched();
1497 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex);
1502 * XXX: The debugfs bool file interface doesn't allow for callbacks
1503 * when the bool state is switched. We can reuse that facility when
1506 static ssize_t read_enabled_file_bool(struct file *file,
1507 char __user *user_buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
1511 if (!kprobes_all_disarmed)
1517 return simple_read_from_buffer(user_buf, count, ppos, buf, 2);
1520 static ssize_t write_enabled_file_bool(struct file *file,
1521 const char __user *user_buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
1526 buf_size = min(count, (sizeof(buf)-1));
1527 if (copy_from_user(buf, user_buf, buf_size))
1539 disarm_all_kprobes();
1546 static const struct file_operations fops_kp = {
1547 .read = read_enabled_file_bool,
1548 .write = write_enabled_file_bool,
1551 static int __kprobes debugfs_kprobe_init(void)
1553 struct dentry *dir, *file;
1554 unsigned int value = 1;
1556 dir = debugfs_create_dir("kprobes", NULL);
1560 file = debugfs_create_file("list", 0444, dir, NULL,
1561 &debugfs_kprobes_operations);
1563 debugfs_remove(dir);
1567 file = debugfs_create_file("enabled", 0600, dir,
1570 debugfs_remove(dir);
1577 late_initcall(debugfs_kprobe_init);
1578 #endif /* CONFIG_DEBUG_FS */
1580 module_init(init_kprobes);
1582 /* defined in arch/.../kernel/kprobes.c */
1583 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(jprobe_return);