kernel/kexec_file.c

   1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
   2 /*
   3  * kexec: kexec_file_load system call
   4  *
   5  * Copyright (C) 2014 Red Hat Inc.
   6  * Authors:
   7  *      Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
   8  */
   9
  10 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
  11
  12 #include <linux/capability.h>
  13 #include <linux/mm.h>
  14 #include <linux/file.h>
  15 #include <linux/slab.h>
  16 #include <linux/kexec.h>
  17 #include <linux/memblock.h>
  18 #include <linux/mutex.h>
  19 #include <linux/list.h>
  20 #include <linux/fs.h>
  21 #include <linux/ima.h>
  22 #include <crypto/hash.h>
  23 #include <crypto/sha2.h>
  24 #include <linux/elf.h>
  25 #include <linux/elfcore.h>
  26 #include <linux/kernel.h>
  27 #include <linux/kernel_read_file.h>
  28 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
  29 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
  30 #include "kexec_internal.h"
  31
  32 #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_SIG
  33 static bool sig_enforce = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KEXEC_SIG_FORCE);
  34
  35 void set_kexec_sig_enforced(void)
  36 {
  37         sig_enforce = true;
  38 }
  39 #endif
  40
  41 static int kexec_calculate_store_digests(struct kimage *image);
  42
  43 /*
  44  * Currently this is the only default function that is exported as some
  45  * architectures need it to do additional handlings.
  46  * In the future, other default functions may be exported too if required.
  47  */
  48 int kexec_image_probe_default(struct kimage *image, void *buf,
  49                               unsigned long buf_len)
  50 {
  51         const struct kexec_file_ops * const *fops;
  52         int ret = -ENOEXEC;
  53
  54         for (fops = &kexec_file_loaders[0]; *fops && (*fops)->probe; ++fops) {
  55                 ret = (*fops)->probe(buf, buf_len);
  56                 if (!ret) {
  57                         image->fops = *fops;
  58                         return ret;
  59                 }
  60         }
  61
  62         return ret;
  63 }
  64
  65 void *kexec_image_load_default(struct kimage *image)
  66 {
  67         if (!image->fops || !image->fops->load)
  68                 return ERR_PTR(-ENOEXEC);
  69
  70         return image->fops->load(image, image->kernel_buf,
  71                                  image->kernel_buf_len, image->initrd_buf,
  72                                  image->initrd_buf_len, image->cmdline_buf,
  73                                  image->cmdline_buf_len);
  74 }
  75
  76 int kexec_image_post_load_cleanup_default(struct kimage *image)
  77 {
  78         if (!image->fops || !image->fops->cleanup)
  79                 return 0;
  80
  81         return image->fops->cleanup(image->image_loader_data);
  82 }
  83
  84 /*
  85  * Free up memory used by kernel, initrd, and command line. This is temporary
  86  * memory allocation which is not needed any more after these buffers have
  87  * been loaded into separate segments and have been copied elsewhere.
  88  */
  89 void kimage_file_post_load_cleanup(struct kimage *image)
  90 {
  91         struct purgatory_info *pi = &image->purgatory_info;
  92
  93         vfree(image->kernel_buf);
  94         image->kernel_buf = NULL;
  95
  96         vfree(image->initrd_buf);
  97         image->initrd_buf = NULL;
  98
  99         kfree(image->cmdline_buf);
 100         image->cmdline_buf = NULL;
 101
 102         vfree(pi->purgatory_buf);
 103         pi->purgatory_buf = NULL;
 104
 105         vfree(pi->sechdrs);
 106         pi->sechdrs = NULL;
 107
 108 #ifdef CONFIG_IMA_KEXEC
 109         vfree(image->ima_buffer);
 110         image->ima_buffer = NULL;
 111 #endif /* CONFIG_IMA_KEXEC */
 112
 113         /* See if architecture has anything to cleanup post load */
 114         arch_kimage_file_post_load_cleanup(image);
 115
 116         /*
 117          * Above call should have called into bootloader to free up
 118          * any data stored in kimage->image_loader_data. It should
 119          * be ok now to free it up.
 120          */
 121         kfree(image->image_loader_data);
 122         image->image_loader_data = NULL;
 123 }
 124
 125 #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_SIG
 126 #ifdef CONFIG_SIGNED_PE_FILE_VERIFICATION
 127 int kexec_kernel_verify_pe_sig(const char *kernel, unsigned long kernel_len)
 128 {
 129         int ret;
 130
 131         ret = verify_pefile_signature(kernel, kernel_len,
 132                                       VERIFY_USE_SECONDARY_KEYRING,
 133                                       VERIFYING_KEXEC_PE_SIGNATURE);
 134         if (ret == -ENOKEY && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_INTEGRITY_PLATFORM_KEYRING)) {
 135                 ret = verify_pefile_signature(kernel, kernel_len,
 136                                               VERIFY_USE_PLATFORM_KEYRING,
 137                                               VERIFYING_KEXEC_PE_SIGNATURE);
 138         }
 139         return ret;
 140 }
 141 #endif
 142
 143 static int kexec_image_verify_sig(struct kimage *image, void *buf,
 144                                   unsigned long buf_len)
 145 {
 146         if (!image->fops || !image->fops->verify_sig) {
 147                 pr_debug("kernel loader does not support signature verification.\n");
 148                 return -EKEYREJECTED;
 149         }
 150
 151         return image->fops->verify_sig(buf, buf_len);
 152 }
 153
 154 static int
 155 kimage_validate_signature(struct kimage *image)
 156 {
 157         int ret;
 158
 159         ret = kexec_image_verify_sig(image, image->kernel_buf,
 160                                      image->kernel_buf_len);
 161         if (ret) {
 162
 163                 if (sig_enforce) {
 164                         pr_notice("Enforced kernel signature verification failed (%d).\n", ret);
 165                         return ret;
 166                 }
 167
 168                 /*
 169                  * If IMA is guaranteed to appraise a signature on the kexec
 170                  * image, permit it even if the kernel is otherwise locked
 171                  * down.
 172                  */
 173                 if (!ima_appraise_signature(READING_KEXEC_IMAGE) &&
 174                     security_locked_down(LOCKDOWN_KEXEC))
 175                         return -EPERM;
 176
 177                 pr_debug("kernel signature verification failed (%d).\n", ret);
 178         }
 179
 180         return 0;
 181 }
 182 #endif
 183
 184 /*
 185  * In file mode list of segments is prepared by kernel. Copy relevant
 186  * data from user space, do error checking, prepare segment list
 187  */
 188 static int
 189 kimage_file_prepare_segments(struct kimage *image, int kernel_fd, int initrd_fd,
 190                              const char __user *cmdline_ptr,
 191                              unsigned long cmdline_len, unsigned flags)
 192 {
 193         int ret;
 194         void *ldata;
 195
 196         ret = kernel_read_file_from_fd(kernel_fd, 0, &image->kernel_buf,
 197                                        INT_MAX, NULL, READING_KEXEC_IMAGE);
 198         if (ret < 0)
 199                 return ret;
 200         image->kernel_buf_len = ret;
 201
 202         /* Call arch image probe handlers */
 203         ret = arch_kexec_kernel_image_probe(image, image->kernel_buf,
 204                                             image->kernel_buf_len);
 205         if (ret)
 206                 goto out;
 207
 208 #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_SIG
 209         ret = kimage_validate_signature(image);
 210
 211         if (ret)
 212                 goto out;
 213 #endif
 214         /* It is possible that there no initramfs is being loaded */
 215         if (!(flags & KEXEC_FILE_NO_INITRAMFS)) {
 216                 ret = kernel_read_file_from_fd(initrd_fd, 0, &image->initrd_buf,
 217                                                INT_MAX, NULL,
 218                                                READING_KEXEC_INITRAMFS);
 219                 if (ret < 0)
 220                         goto out;
 221                 image->initrd_buf_len = ret;
 222                 ret = 0;
 223         }
 224
 225         if (cmdline_len) {
 226                 image->cmdline_buf = memdup_user(cmdline_ptr, cmdline_len);
 227                 if (IS_ERR(image->cmdline_buf)) {
 228                         ret = PTR_ERR(image->cmdline_buf);
 229                         image->cmdline_buf = NULL;
 230                         goto out;
 231                 }
 232
 233                 image->cmdline_buf_len = cmdline_len;
 234
 235                 /* command line should be a string with last byte null */
 236                 if (image->cmdline_buf[cmdline_len - 1] != '\0') {
 237                         ret = -EINVAL;
 238                         goto out;
 239                 }
 240
 241                 ima_kexec_cmdline(kernel_fd, image->cmdline_buf,
 242                                   image->cmdline_buf_len - 1);
 243         }
 244
 245         /* IMA needs to pass the measurement list to the next kernel. */
 246         ima_add_kexec_buffer(image);
 247
 248         /* Call arch image load handlers */
 249         ldata = arch_kexec_kernel_image_load(image);
 250
 251         if (IS_ERR(ldata)) {
 252                 ret = PTR_ERR(ldata);
 253                 goto out;
 254         }
 255
 256         image->image_loader_data = ldata;
 257 out:
 258         /* In case of error, free up all allocated memory in this function */
 259         if (ret)
 260                 kimage_file_post_load_cleanup(image);
 261         return ret;
 262 }
 263
 264 static int
 265 kimage_file_alloc_init(struct kimage **rimage, int kernel_fd,
 266                        int initrd_fd, const char __user *cmdline_ptr,
 267                        unsigned long cmdline_len, unsigned long flags)
 268 {
 269         int ret;
 270         struct kimage *image;
 271         bool kexec_on_panic = flags & KEXEC_FILE_ON_CRASH;
 272
 273         image = do_kimage_alloc_init();
 274         if (!image)
 275                 return -ENOMEM;
 276
 277         image->file_mode = 1;
 278
 279         if (kexec_on_panic) {
 280                 /* Enable special crash kernel control page alloc policy. */
 281                 image->control_page = crashk_res.start;
 282                 image->type = KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH;
 283         }
 284
 285         ret = kimage_file_prepare_segments(image, kernel_fd, initrd_fd,
 286                                            cmdline_ptr, cmdline_len, flags);
 287         if (ret)
 288                 goto out_free_image;
 289
 290         ret = sanity_check_segment_list(image);
 291         if (ret)
 292                 goto out_free_post_load_bufs;
 293
 294         ret = -ENOMEM;
 295         image->control_code_page = kimage_alloc_control_pages(image,
 296                                            get_order(KEXEC_CONTROL_PAGE_SIZE));
 297         if (!image->control_code_page) {
 298                 pr_err("Could not allocate control_code_buffer\n");
 299                 goto out_free_post_load_bufs;
 300         }
 301
 302         if (!kexec_on_panic) {
 303                 image->swap_page = kimage_alloc_control_pages(image, 0);
 304                 if (!image->swap_page) {
 305                         pr_err("Could not allocate swap buffer\n");
 306                         goto out_free_control_pages;
 307                 }
 308         }
 309
 310         *rimage = image;
 311         return 0;
 312 out_free_control_pages:
 313         kimage_free_page_list(&image->control_pages);
 314 out_free_post_load_bufs:
 315         kimage_file_post_load_cleanup(image);
 316 out_free_image:
 317         kfree(image);
 318         return ret;
 319 }
 320
 321 SYSCALL_DEFINE5(kexec_file_load, int, kernel_fd, int, initrd_fd,
 322                 unsigned long, cmdline_len, const char __user *, cmdline_ptr,
 323                 unsigned long, flags)
 324 {
 325         int ret = 0, i;
 326         struct kimage **dest_image, *image;
 327
 328         /* We only trust the superuser with rebooting the system. */
 329         if (!capable(CAP_SYS_BOOT) || kexec_load_disabled)
 330                 return -EPERM;
 331
 332         /* Make sure we have a legal set of flags */
 333         if (flags != (flags & KEXEC_FILE_FLAGS))
 334                 return -EINVAL;
 335
 336         image = NULL;
 337
 338         if (!mutex_trylock(&kexec_mutex))
 339                 return -EBUSY;
 340
 341         dest_image = &kexec_image;
 342         if (flags & KEXEC_FILE_ON_CRASH) {
 343                 dest_image = &kexec_crash_image;
 344                 if (kexec_crash_image)
 345                         arch_kexec_unprotect_crashkres();
 346         }
 347
 348         if (flags & KEXEC_FILE_UNLOAD)
 349                 goto exchange;
 350
 351         /*
 352          * In case of crash, new kernel gets loaded in reserved region. It is
 353          * same memory where old crash kernel might be loaded. Free any
 354          * current crash dump kernel before we corrupt it.
 355          */
 356         if (flags & KEXEC_FILE_ON_CRASH)
 357                 kimage_free(xchg(&kexec_crash_image, NULL));
 358
 359         ret = kimage_file_alloc_init(&image, kernel_fd, initrd_fd, cmdline_ptr,
 360                                      cmdline_len, flags);
 361         if (ret)
 362                 goto out;
 363
 364         ret = machine_kexec_prepare(image);
 365         if (ret)
 366                 goto out;
 367
 368         /*
 369          * Some architecture(like S390) may touch the crash memory before
 370          * machine_kexec_prepare(), we must copy vmcoreinfo data after it.
 371          */
 372         ret = kimage_crash_copy_vmcoreinfo(image);
 373         if (ret)
 374                 goto out;
 375
 376         ret = kexec_calculate_store_digests(image);
 377         if (ret)
 378                 goto out;
 379
 380         for (i = 0; i < image->nr_segments; i++) {
 381                 struct kexec_segment *ksegment;
 382
 383                 ksegment = &image->segment[i];
 384                 pr_debug("Loading segment %d: buf=0x%p bufsz=0x%zx mem=0x%lx memsz=0x%zx\n",
 385                          i, ksegment->buf, ksegment->bufsz, ksegment->mem,
 386                          ksegment->memsz);
 387
 388                 ret = kimage_load_segment(image, &image->segment[i]);
 389                 if (ret)
 390                         goto out;
 391         }
 392
 393         kimage_terminate(image);
 394
 395         ret = machine_kexec_post_load(image);
 396         if (ret)
 397                 goto out;
 398
 399         /*
 400          * Free up any temporary buffers allocated which are not needed
 401          * after image has been loaded
 402          */
 403         kimage_file_post_load_cleanup(image);
 404 exchange:
 405         image = xchg(dest_image, image);
 406 out:
 407         if ((flags & KEXEC_FILE_ON_CRASH) && kexec_crash_image)
 408                 arch_kexec_protect_crashkres();
 409
 410         mutex_unlock(&kexec_mutex);
 411         kimage_free(image);
 412         return ret;
 413 }
 414
 415 static int locate_mem_hole_top_down(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
 416                                     struct kexec_buf *kbuf)
 417 {
 418         struct kimage *image = kbuf->image;
 419         unsigned long temp_start, temp_end;
 420
 421         temp_end = min(end, kbuf->buf_max);
 422         temp_start = temp_end - kbuf->memsz;
 423
 424         do {
 425                 /* align down start */
 426                 temp_start = temp_start & (~(kbuf->buf_align - 1));
 427
 428                 if (temp_start < start || temp_start < kbuf->buf_min)
 429                         return 0;
 430
 431                 temp_end = temp_start + kbuf->memsz - 1;
 432
 433                 /*
 434                  * Make sure this does not conflict with any of existing
 435                  * segments
 436                  */
 437                 if (kimage_is_destination_range(image, temp_start, temp_end)) {
 438                         temp_start = temp_start - PAGE_SIZE;
 439                         continue;
 440                 }
 441
 442                 /* We found a suitable memory range */
 443                 break;
 444         } while (1);
 445
 446         /* If we are here, we found a suitable memory range */
 447         kbuf->mem = temp_start;
 448
 449         /* Success, stop navigating through remaining System RAM ranges */
 450         return 1;
 451 }
 452
 453 static int locate_mem_hole_bottom_up(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
 454                                      struct kexec_buf *kbuf)
 455 {
 456         struct kimage *image = kbuf->image;
 457         unsigned long temp_start, temp_end;
 458
 459         temp_start = max(start, kbuf->buf_min);
 460
 461         do {
 462                 temp_start = ALIGN(temp_start, kbuf->buf_align);
 463                 temp_end = temp_start + kbuf->memsz - 1;
 464
 465                 if (temp_end > end || temp_end > kbuf->buf_max)
 466                         return 0;
 467                 /*
 468                  * Make sure this does not conflict with any of existing
 469                  * segments
 470                  */
 471                 if (kimage_is_destination_range(image, temp_start, temp_end)) {
 472                         temp_start = temp_start + PAGE_SIZE;
 473                         continue;
 474                 }
 475
 476                 /* We found a suitable memory range */
 477                 break;
 478         } while (1);
 479
 480         /* If we are here, we found a suitable memory range */
 481         kbuf->mem = temp_start;
 482
 483         /* Success, stop navigating through remaining System RAM ranges */
 484         return 1;
 485 }
 486
 487 static int locate_mem_hole_callback(struct resource *res, void *arg)
 488 {
 489         struct kexec_buf *kbuf = (struct kexec_buf *)arg;
 490         u64 start = res->start, end = res->end;
 491         unsigned long sz = end - start + 1;
 492
 493         /* Returning 0 will take to next memory range */
 494
 495         /* Don't use memory that will be detected and handled by a driver. */
 496         if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_SYSRAM_DRIVER_MANAGED)
 497                 return 0;
 498
 499         if (sz < kbuf->memsz)
 500                 return 0;
 501
 502         if (end < kbuf->buf_min || start > kbuf->buf_max)
 503                 return 0;
 504
 505         /*
 506          * Allocate memory top down with-in ram range. Otherwise bottom up
 507          * allocation.
 508          */
 509         if (kbuf->top_down)
 510                 return locate_mem_hole_top_down(start, end, kbuf);
 511         return locate_mem_hole_bottom_up(start, end, kbuf);
 512 }
 513
 514 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK
 515 static int kexec_walk_memblock(struct kexec_buf *kbuf,
 516                                int (*func)(struct resource *, void *))
 517 {
 518         int ret = 0;
 519         u64 i;
 520         phys_addr_t mstart, mend;
 521         struct resource res = { };
 522
 523         if (kbuf->image->type == KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH)
 524                 return func(&crashk_res, kbuf);
 525
 526         /*
 527          * Using MEMBLOCK_NONE will properly skip MEMBLOCK_DRIVER_MANAGED. See
 528          * IORESOURCE_SYSRAM_DRIVER_MANAGED handling in
 529          * locate_mem_hole_callback().
 530          */
 531         if (kbuf->top_down) {
 532                 for_each_free_mem_range_reverse(i, NUMA_NO_NODE, MEMBLOCK_NONE,
 533                                                 &mstart, &mend, NULL) {
 534                         /*
 535                          * In memblock, end points to the first byte after the
 536                          * range while in kexec, end points to the last byte
 537                          * in the range.
 538                          */
 539                         res.start = mstart;
 540                         res.end = mend - 1;
 541                         ret = func(&res, kbuf);
 542                         if (ret)
 543                                 break;
 544                 }
 545         } else {
 546                 for_each_free_mem_range(i, NUMA_NO_NODE, MEMBLOCK_NONE,
 547                                         &mstart, &mend, NULL) {
 548                         /*
 549                          * In memblock, end points to the first byte after the
 550                          * range while in kexec, end points to the last byte
 551                          * in the range.
 552                          */
 553                         res.start = mstart;
 554                         res.end = mend - 1;
 555                         ret = func(&res, kbuf);
 556                         if (ret)
 557                                 break;
 558                 }
 559         }
 560
 561         return ret;
 562 }
 563 #else
 564 static int kexec_walk_memblock(struct kexec_buf *kbuf,
 565                                int (*func)(struct resource *, void *))
 566 {
 567         return 0;
 568 }
 569 #endif
 570
 571 /**
 572  * kexec_walk_resources - call func(data) on free memory regions
 573  * @kbuf:       Context info for the search. Also passed to @func.
 574  * @func:       Function to call for each memory region.
 575  *
 576  * Return: The memory walk will stop when func returns a non-zero value
 577  * and that value will be returned. If all free regions are visited without
 578  * func returning non-zero, then zero will be returned.
 579  */
 580 static int kexec_walk_resources(struct kexec_buf *kbuf,
 581                                 int (*func)(struct resource *, void *))
 582 {
 583         if (kbuf->image->type == KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH)
 584                 return walk_iomem_res_desc(crashk_res.desc,
 585                                            IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM | IORESOURCE_BUSY,
 586                                            crashk_res.start, crashk_res.end,
 587                                            kbuf, func);
 588         else
 589                 return walk_system_ram_res(0, ULONG_MAX, kbuf, func);
 590 }
 591
 592 /**
 593  * kexec_locate_mem_hole - find free memory for the purgatory or the next kernel
 594  * @kbuf:       Parameters for the memory search.
 595  *
 596  * On success, kbuf->mem will have the start address of the memory region found.
 597  *
 598  * Return: 0 on success, negative errno on error.
 599  */
 600 int kexec_locate_mem_hole(struct kexec_buf *kbuf)
 601 {
 602         int ret;
 603
 604         /* Arch knows where to place */
 605         if (kbuf->mem != KEXEC_BUF_MEM_UNKNOWN)
 606                 return 0;
 607
 608         if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK))
 609                 ret = kexec_walk_resources(kbuf, locate_mem_hole_callback);
 610         else
 611                 ret = kexec_walk_memblock(kbuf, locate_mem_hole_callback);
 612
 613         return ret == 1 ? 0 : -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
 614 }
 615
 616 /**
 617  * kexec_add_buffer - place a buffer in a kexec segment
 618  * @kbuf:       Buffer contents and memory parameters.
 619  *
 620  * This function assumes that kexec_mutex is held.
 621  * On successful return, @kbuf->mem will have the physical address of
 622  * the buffer in memory.
 623  *
 624  * Return: 0 on success, negative errno on error.
 625  */
 626 int kexec_add_buffer(struct kexec_buf *kbuf)
 627 {
 628         struct kexec_segment *ksegment;
 629         int ret;
 630
 631         /* Currently adding segment this way is allowed only in file mode */
 632         if (!kbuf->image->file_mode)
 633                 return -EINVAL;
 634
 635         if (kbuf->image->nr_segments >= KEXEC_SEGMENT_MAX)
 636                 return -EINVAL;
 637
 638         /*
 639          * Make sure we are not trying to add buffer after allocating
 640          * control pages. All segments need to be placed first before
 641          * any control pages are allocated. As control page allocation
 642          * logic goes through list of segments to make sure there are
 643          * no destination overlaps.
 644          */
 645         if (!list_empty(&kbuf->image->control_pages)) {
 646                 WARN_ON(1);
 647                 return -EINVAL;
 648         }
 649
 650         /* Ensure minimum alignment needed for segments. */
 651         kbuf->memsz = ALIGN(kbuf->memsz, PAGE_SIZE);
 652         kbuf->buf_align = max(kbuf->buf_align, PAGE_SIZE);
 653
 654         /* Walk the RAM ranges and allocate a suitable range for the buffer */
 655         ret = arch_kexec_locate_mem_hole(kbuf);
 656         if (ret)
 657                 return ret;
 658
 659         /* Found a suitable memory range */
 660         ksegment = &kbuf->image->segment[kbuf->image->nr_segments];
 661         ksegment->kbuf = kbuf->buffer;
 662         ksegment->bufsz = kbuf->bufsz;
 663         ksegment->mem = kbuf->mem;
 664         ksegment->memsz = kbuf->memsz;
 665         kbuf->image->nr_segments++;
 666         return 0;
 667 }
 668
 669 /* Calculate and store the digest of segments */
 670 static int kexec_calculate_store_digests(struct kimage *image)
 671 {
 672         struct crypto_shash *tfm;
 673         struct shash_desc *desc;
 674         int ret = 0, i, j, zero_buf_sz, sha_region_sz;
 675         size_t desc_size, nullsz;
 676         char *digest;
 677         void *zero_buf;
 678         struct kexec_sha_region *sha_regions;
 679         struct purgatory_info *pi = &image->purgatory_info;
 680
 681         if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_KEXEC_PURGATORY))
 682                 return 0;
 683
 684         zero_buf = __va(page_to_pfn(ZERO_PAGE(0)) << PAGE_SHIFT);
 685         zero_buf_sz = PAGE_SIZE;
 686
 687         tfm = crypto_alloc_shash("sha256", 0, 0);
 688         if (IS_ERR(tfm)) {
 689                 ret = PTR_ERR(tfm);
 690                 goto out;
 691         }
 692
 693         desc_size = crypto_shash_descsize(tfm) + sizeof(*desc);
 694         desc = kzalloc(desc_size, GFP_KERNEL);
 695         if (!desc) {
 696                 ret = -ENOMEM;
 697                 goto out_free_tfm;
 698         }
 699
 700         sha_region_sz = KEXEC_SEGMENT_MAX * sizeof(struct kexec_sha_region);
 701         sha_regions = vzalloc(sha_region_sz);
 702         if (!sha_regions) {
 703                 ret = -ENOMEM;
 704                 goto out_free_desc;
 705         }
 706
 707         desc->tfm   = tfm;
 708
 709         ret = crypto_shash_init(desc);
 710         if (ret < 0)
 711                 goto out_free_sha_regions;
 712
 713         digest = kzalloc(SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
 714         if (!digest) {
 715                 ret = -ENOMEM;
 716                 goto out_free_sha_regions;
 717         }
 718
 719         for (j = i = 0; i < image->nr_segments; i++) {
 720                 struct kexec_segment *ksegment;
 721
 722                 ksegment = &image->segment[i];
 723                 /*
 724                  * Skip purgatory as it will be modified once we put digest
 725                  * info in purgatory.
 726                  */
 727                 if (ksegment->kbuf == pi->purgatory_buf)
 728                         continue;
 729
 730                 ret = crypto_shash_update(desc, ksegment->kbuf,
 731                                           ksegment->bufsz);
 732                 if (ret)
 733                         break;
 734
 735                 /*
 736                  * Assume rest of the buffer is filled with zero and
 737                  * update digest accordingly.
 738                  */
 739                 nullsz = ksegment->memsz - ksegment->bufsz;
 740                 while (nullsz) {
 741                         unsigned long bytes = nullsz;
 742
 743                         if (bytes > zero_buf_sz)
 744                                 bytes = zero_buf_sz;
 745                         ret = crypto_shash_update(desc, zero_buf, bytes);
 746                         if (ret)
 747                                 break;
 748                         nullsz -= bytes;
 749                 }
 750
 751                 if (ret)
 752                         break;
 753
 754                 sha_regions[j].start = ksegment->mem;
 755                 sha_regions[j].len = ksegment->memsz;
 756                 j++;
 757         }
 758
 759         if (!ret) {
 760                 ret = crypto_shash_final(desc, digest);
 761                 if (ret)
 762                         goto out_free_digest;
 763                 ret = kexec_purgatory_get_set_symbol(image, "purgatory_sha_regions",
 764                                                      sha_regions, sha_region_sz, 0);
 765                 if (ret)
 766                         goto out_free_digest;
 767
 768                 ret = kexec_purgatory_get_set_symbol(image, "purgatory_sha256_digest",
 769                                                      digest, SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE, 0);
 770                 if (ret)
 771                         goto out_free_digest;
 772         }
 773
 774 out_free_digest:
 775         kfree(digest);
 776 out_free_sha_regions:
 777         vfree(sha_regions);
 778 out_free_desc:
 779         kfree(desc);
 780 out_free_tfm:
 781         kfree(tfm);
 782 out:
 783         return ret;
 784 }
 785
 786 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_KEXEC_PURGATORY
 787 /*
 788  * kexec_purgatory_setup_kbuf - prepare buffer to load purgatory.
 789  * @pi:         Purgatory to be loaded.
 790  * @kbuf:       Buffer to setup.
 791  *
 792  * Allocates the memory needed for the buffer. Caller is responsible to free
 793  * the memory after use.
 794  *
 795  * Return: 0 on success, negative errno on error.
 796  */
 797 static int kexec_purgatory_setup_kbuf(struct purgatory_info *pi,
 798                                       struct kexec_buf *kbuf)
 799 {
 800         const Elf_Shdr *sechdrs;
 801         unsigned long bss_align;
 802         unsigned long bss_sz;
 803         unsigned long align;
 804         int i, ret;
 805
 806         sechdrs = (void *)pi->ehdr + pi->ehdr->e_shoff;
 807         kbuf->buf_align = bss_align = 1;
 808         kbuf->bufsz = bss_sz = 0;
 809
 810         for (i = 0; i < pi->ehdr->e_shnum; i++) {
 811                 if (!(sechdrs[i].sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC))
 812                         continue;
 813
 814                 align = sechdrs[i].sh_addralign;
 815                 if (sechdrs[i].sh_type != SHT_NOBITS) {
 816                         if (kbuf->buf_align < align)
 817                                 kbuf->buf_align = align;
 818                         kbuf->bufsz = ALIGN(kbuf->bufsz, align);
 819                         kbuf->bufsz += sechdrs[i].sh_size;
 820                 } else {
 821                         if (bss_align < align)
 822                                 bss_align = align;
 823                         bss_sz = ALIGN(bss_sz, align);
 824                         bss_sz += sechdrs[i].sh_size;
 825                 }
 826         }
 827         kbuf->bufsz = ALIGN(kbuf->bufsz, bss_align);
 828         kbuf->memsz = kbuf->bufsz + bss_sz;
 829         if (kbuf->buf_align < bss_align)
 830                 kbuf->buf_align = bss_align;
 831
 832         kbuf->buffer = vzalloc(kbuf->bufsz);
 833         if (!kbuf->buffer)
 834                 return -ENOMEM;
 835         pi->purgatory_buf = kbuf->buffer;
 836
 837         ret = kexec_add_buffer(kbuf);
 838         if (ret)
 839                 goto out;
 840
 841         return 0;
 842 out:
 843         vfree(pi->purgatory_buf);
 844         pi->purgatory_buf = NULL;
 845         return ret;
 846 }
 847
 848 /*
 849  * kexec_purgatory_setup_sechdrs - prepares the pi->sechdrs buffer.
 850  * @pi:         Purgatory to be loaded.
 851  * @kbuf:       Buffer prepared to store purgatory.
 852  *
 853  * Allocates the memory needed for the buffer. Caller is responsible to free
 854  * the memory after use.
 855  *
 856  * Return: 0 on success, negative errno on error.
 857  */
 858 static int kexec_purgatory_setup_sechdrs(struct purgatory_info *pi,
 859                                          struct kexec_buf *kbuf)
 860 {
 861         unsigned long bss_addr;
 862         unsigned long offset;
 863         Elf_Shdr *sechdrs;
 864         int i;
 865
 866         /*
 867          * The section headers in kexec_purgatory are read-only. In order to
 868          * have them modifiable make a temporary copy.
 869          */
 870         sechdrs = vzalloc(array_size(sizeof(Elf_Shdr), pi->ehdr->e_shnum));
 871         if (!sechdrs)
 872                 return -ENOMEM;
 873         memcpy(sechdrs, (void *)pi->ehdr + pi->ehdr->e_shoff,
 874                pi->ehdr->e_shnum * sizeof(Elf_Shdr));
 875         pi->sechdrs = sechdrs;
 876
 877         offset = 0;
 878         bss_addr = kbuf->mem + kbuf->bufsz;
 879         kbuf->image->start = pi->ehdr->e_entry;
 880
 881         for (i = 0; i < pi->ehdr->e_shnum; i++) {
 882                 unsigned long align;
 883                 void *src, *dst;
 884
 885                 if (!(sechdrs[i].sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC))
 886                         continue;
 887
 888                 align = sechdrs[i].sh_addralign;
 889                 if (sechdrs[i].sh_type == SHT_NOBITS) {
 890                         bss_addr = ALIGN(bss_addr, align);
 891                         sechdrs[i].sh_addr = bss_addr;
 892                         bss_addr += sechdrs[i].sh_size;
 893                         continue;
 894                 }
 895
 896                 offset = ALIGN(offset, align);
 897                 if (sechdrs[i].sh_flags & SHF_EXECINSTR &&
 898                     pi->ehdr->e_entry >= sechdrs[i].sh_addr &&
 899                     pi->ehdr->e_entry < (sechdrs[i].sh_addr
 900                                          + sechdrs[i].sh_size)) {
 901                         kbuf->image->start -= sechdrs[i].sh_addr;
 902                         kbuf->image->start += kbuf->mem + offset;
 903                 }
 904
 905                 src = (void *)pi->ehdr + sechdrs[i].sh_offset;
 906                 dst = pi->purgatory_buf + offset;
 907                 memcpy(dst, src, sechdrs[i].sh_size);
 908
 909                 sechdrs[i].sh_addr = kbuf->mem + offset;
 910                 sechdrs[i].sh_offset = offset;
 911                 offset += sechdrs[i].sh_size;
 912         }
 913
 914         return 0;
 915 }
 916
 917 static int kexec_apply_relocations(struct kimage *image)
 918 {
 919         int i, ret;
 920         struct purgatory_info *pi = &image->purgatory_info;
 921         const Elf_Shdr *sechdrs;
 922
 923         sechdrs = (void *)pi->ehdr + pi->ehdr->e_shoff;
 924
 925         for (i = 0; i < pi->ehdr->e_shnum; i++) {
 926                 const Elf_Shdr *relsec;
 927                 const Elf_Shdr *symtab;
 928                 Elf_Shdr *section;
 929
 930                 relsec = sechdrs + i;
 931
 932                 if (relsec->sh_type != SHT_RELA &&
 933                     relsec->sh_type != SHT_REL)
 934                         continue;
 935
 936                 /*
 937                  * For section of type SHT_RELA/SHT_REL,
 938                  * ->sh_link contains section header index of associated
 939                  * symbol table. And ->sh_info contains section header
 940                  * index of section to which relocations apply.
 941                  */
 942                 if (relsec->sh_info >= pi->ehdr->e_shnum ||
 943                     relsec->sh_link >= pi->ehdr->e_shnum)
 944                         return -ENOEXEC;
 945
 946                 section = pi->sechdrs + relsec->sh_info;
 947                 symtab = sechdrs + relsec->sh_link;
 948
 949                 if (!(section->sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC))
 950                         continue;
 951
 952                 /*
 953                  * symtab->sh_link contain section header index of associated
 954                  * string table.
 955                  */
 956                 if (symtab->sh_link >= pi->ehdr->e_shnum)
 957                         /* Invalid section number? */
 958                         continue;
 959
 960                 /*
 961                  * Respective architecture needs to provide support for applying
 962                  * relocations of type SHT_RELA/SHT_REL.
 963                  */
 964                 if (relsec->sh_type == SHT_RELA)
 965                         ret = arch_kexec_apply_relocations_add(pi, section,
 966                                                                relsec, symtab);
 967                 else if (relsec->sh_type == SHT_REL)
 968                         ret = arch_kexec_apply_relocations(pi, section,
 969                                                            relsec, symtab);
 970                 if (ret)
 971                         return ret;
 972         }
 973
 974         return 0;
 975 }
 976
 977 /*
 978  * kexec_load_purgatory - Load and relocate the purgatory object.
 979  * @image:      Image to add the purgatory to.
 980  * @kbuf:       Memory parameters to use.
 981  *
 982  * Allocates the memory needed for image->purgatory_info.sechdrs and
 983  * image->purgatory_info.purgatory_buf/kbuf->buffer. Caller is responsible
 984  * to free the memory after use.
 985  *
 986  * Return: 0 on success, negative errno on error.
 987  */
 988 int kexec_load_purgatory(struct kimage *image, struct kexec_buf *kbuf)
 989 {
 990         struct purgatory_info *pi = &image->purgatory_info;
 991         int ret;
 992
 993         if (kexec_purgatory_size <= 0)
 994                 return -EINVAL;
 995
 996         pi->ehdr = (const Elf_Ehdr *)kexec_purgatory;
 997
 998         ret = kexec_purgatory_setup_kbuf(pi, kbuf);
 999         if (ret)
1000                 return ret;
1001
1002         ret = kexec_purgatory_setup_sechdrs(pi, kbuf);
1003         if (ret)
1004                 goto out_free_kbuf;
1005
1006         ret = kexec_apply_relocations(image);
1007         if (ret)
1008                 goto out;
1009
1010         return 0;
1011 out:
1012         vfree(pi->sechdrs);
1013         pi->sechdrs = NULL;
1014 out_free_kbuf:
1015         vfree(pi->purgatory_buf);
1016         pi->purgatory_buf = NULL;
1017         return ret;
1018 }
1019
1020 /*
1021  * kexec_purgatory_find_symbol - find a symbol in the purgatory
1022  * @pi:         Purgatory to search in.
1023  * @name:       Name of the symbol.
1024  *
1025  * Return: pointer to symbol in read-only symtab on success, NULL on error.
1026  */
1027 static const Elf_Sym *kexec_purgatory_find_symbol(struct purgatory_info *pi,
1028                                                   const char *name)
1029 {
1030         const Elf_Shdr *sechdrs;
1031         const Elf_Ehdr *ehdr;
1032         const Elf_Sym *syms;
1033         const char *strtab;
1034         int i, k;
1035
1036         if (!pi->ehdr)
1037                 return NULL;
1038
1039         ehdr = pi->ehdr;
1040         sechdrs = (void *)ehdr + ehdr->e_shoff;
1041
1042         for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_shnum; i++) {
1043                 if (sechdrs[i].sh_type != SHT_SYMTAB)
1044                         continue;
1045
1046                 if (sechdrs[i].sh_link >= ehdr->e_shnum)
1047                         /* Invalid strtab section number */
1048                         continue;
1049                 strtab = (void *)ehdr + sechdrs[sechdrs[i].sh_link].sh_offset;
1050                 syms = (void *)ehdr + sechdrs[i].sh_offset;
1051
1052                 /* Go through symbols for a match */
1053                 for (k = 0; k < sechdrs[i].sh_size/sizeof(Elf_Sym); k++) {
1054                         if (ELF_ST_BIND(syms[k].st_info) != STB_GLOBAL)
1055                                 continue;
1056
1057                         if (strcmp(strtab + syms[k].st_name, name) != 0)
1058                                 continue;
1059
1060                         if (syms[k].st_shndx == SHN_UNDEF ||
1061                             syms[k].st_shndx >= ehdr->e_shnum) {
1062                                 pr_debug("Symbol: %s has bad section index %d.\n",
1063                                                 name, syms[k].st_shndx);
1064                                 return NULL;
1065                         }
1066
1067                         /* Found the symbol we are looking for */
1068                         return &syms[k];
1069                 }
1070         }
1071
1072         return NULL;
1073 }
1074
1075 void *kexec_purgatory_get_symbol_addr(struct kimage *image, const char *name)
1076 {
1077         struct purgatory_info *pi = &image->purgatory_info;
1078         const Elf_Sym *sym;
1079         Elf_Shdr *sechdr;
1080
1081         sym = kexec_purgatory_find_symbol(pi, name);
1082         if (!sym)
1083                 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
1084
1085         sechdr = &pi->sechdrs[sym->st_shndx];
1086
1087         /*
1088          * Returns the address where symbol will finally be loaded after
1089          * kexec_load_segment()
1090          */
1091         return (void *)(sechdr->sh_addr + sym->st_value);
1092 }
1093
1094 /*
1095  * Get or set value of a symbol. If "get_value" is true, symbol value is
1096  * returned in buf otherwise symbol value is set based on value in buf.
1097  */
1098 int kexec_purgatory_get_set_symbol(struct kimage *image, const char *name,
1099                                    void *buf, unsigned int size, bool get_value)
1100 {
1101         struct purgatory_info *pi = &image->purgatory_info;
1102         const Elf_Sym *sym;
1103         Elf_Shdr *sec;
1104         char *sym_buf;
1105
1106         sym = kexec_purgatory_find_symbol(pi, name);
1107         if (!sym)
1108                 return -EINVAL;
1109
1110         if (sym->st_size != size) {
1111                 pr_err("symbol %s size mismatch: expected %lu actual %u\n",
1112                        name, (unsigned long)sym->st_size, size);
1113                 return -EINVAL;
1114         }
1115
1116         sec = pi->sechdrs + sym->st_shndx;
1117
1118         if (sec->sh_type == SHT_NOBITS) {
1119                 pr_err("symbol %s is in a bss section. Cannot %s\n", name,
1120                        get_value ? "get" : "set");
1121                 return -EINVAL;
1122         }
1123
1124         sym_buf = (char *)pi->purgatory_buf + sec->sh_offset + sym->st_value;
1125
1126         if (get_value)
1127                 memcpy((void *)buf, sym_buf, size);
1128         else
1129                 memcpy((void *)sym_buf, buf, size);
1130
1131         return 0;
1132 }
1133 #endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_KEXEC_PURGATORY */
1134
1135 int crash_exclude_mem_range(struct crash_mem *mem,
1136                             unsigned long long mstart, unsigned long long mend)
1137 {
1138         int i, j;
1139         unsigned long long start, end, p_start, p_end;
1140         struct crash_mem_range temp_range = {0, 0};
1141
1142         for (i = 0; i < mem->nr_ranges; i++) {
1143                 start = mem->ranges[i].start;
1144                 end = mem->ranges[i].end;
1145                 p_start = mstart;
1146                 p_end = mend;
1147
1148                 if (mstart > end || mend < start)
1149                         continue;
1150
1151                 /* Truncate any area outside of range */
1152                 if (mstart < start)
1153                         p_start = start;
1154                 if (mend > end)
1155                         p_end = end;
1156
1157                 /* Found completely overlapping range */
1158                 if (p_start == start && p_end == end) {
1159                         mem->ranges[i].start = 0;
1160                         mem->ranges[i].end = 0;
1161                         if (i < mem->nr_ranges - 1) {
1162                                 /* Shift rest of the ranges to left */
1163                                 for (j = i; j < mem->nr_ranges - 1; j++) {
1164                                         mem->ranges[j].start =
1165                                                 mem->ranges[j+1].start;
1166                                         mem->ranges[j].end =
1167                                                         mem->ranges[j+1].end;
1168                                 }
1169
1170                                 /*
1171                                  * Continue to check if there are another overlapping ranges
1172                                  * from the current position because of shifting the above
1173                                  * mem ranges.
1174                                  */
1175                                 i--;
1176                                 mem->nr_ranges--;
1177                                 continue;
1178                         }
1179                         mem->nr_ranges--;
1180                         return 0;
1181                 }
1182
1183                 if (p_start > start && p_end < end) {
1184                         /* Split original range */
1185                         mem->ranges[i].end = p_start - 1;
1186                         temp_range.start = p_end + 1;
1187                         temp_range.end = end;
1188                 } else if (p_start != start)
1189                         mem->ranges[i].end = p_start - 1;
1190                 else
1191                         mem->ranges[i].start = p_end + 1;
1192                 break;
1193         }
1194
1195         /* If a split happened, add the split to array */
1196         if (!temp_range.end)
1197                 return 0;
1198
1199         /* Split happened */
1200         if (i == mem->max_nr_ranges - 1)
1201                 return -ENOMEM;
1202
1203         /* Location where new range should go */
1204         j = i + 1;
1205         if (j < mem->nr_ranges) {
1206                 /* Move over all ranges one slot towards the end */
1207                 for (i = mem->nr_ranges - 1; i >= j; i--)
1208                         mem->ranges[i + 1] = mem->ranges[i];
1209         }
1210
1211         mem->ranges[j].start = temp_range.start;
1212         mem->ranges[j].end = temp_range.end;
1213         mem->nr_ranges++;
1214         return 0;
1215 }
1216
1217 int crash_prepare_elf64_headers(struct crash_mem *mem, int need_kernel_map,
1218                           void **addr, unsigned long *sz)
1219 {
1220         Elf64_Ehdr *ehdr;
1221         Elf64_Phdr *phdr;
1222         unsigned long nr_cpus = num_possible_cpus(), nr_phdr, elf_sz;
1223         unsigned char *buf;
1224         unsigned int cpu, i;
1225         unsigned long long notes_addr;
1226         unsigned long mstart, mend;
1227
1228         /* extra phdr for vmcoreinfo ELF note */
1229         nr_phdr = nr_cpus + 1;
1230         nr_phdr += mem->nr_ranges;
1231
1232         /*
1233          * kexec-tools creates an extra PT_LOAD phdr for kernel text mapping
1234          * area (for example, ffffffff80000000 - ffffffffa0000000 on x86_64).
1235          * I think this is required by tools like gdb. So same physical
1236          * memory will be mapped in two ELF headers. One will contain kernel
1237          * text virtual addresses and other will have __va(physical) addresses.
1238          */
1239
1240         nr_phdr++;
1241         elf_sz = sizeof(Elf64_Ehdr) + nr_phdr * sizeof(Elf64_Phdr);
1242         elf_sz = ALIGN(elf_sz, ELF_CORE_HEADER_ALIGN);
1243
1244         buf = vzalloc(elf_sz);
1245         if (!buf)
1246                 return -ENOMEM;
1247
1248         ehdr = (Elf64_Ehdr *)buf;
1249         phdr = (Elf64_Phdr *)(ehdr + 1);
1250         memcpy(ehdr->e_ident, ELFMAG, SELFMAG);
1251         ehdr->e_ident[EI_CLASS] = ELFCLASS64;
1252         ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA] = ELFDATA2LSB;
1253         ehdr->e_ident[EI_VERSION] = EV_CURRENT;
1254         ehdr->e_ident[EI_OSABI] = ELF_OSABI;
1255         memset(ehdr->e_ident + EI_PAD, 0, EI_NIDENT - EI_PAD);
1256         ehdr->e_type = ET_CORE;
1257         ehdr->e_machine = ELF_ARCH;
1258         ehdr->e_version = EV_CURRENT;
1259         ehdr->e_phoff = sizeof(Elf64_Ehdr);
1260         ehdr->e_ehsize = sizeof(Elf64_Ehdr);
1261         ehdr->e_phentsize = sizeof(Elf64_Phdr);
1262
1263         /* Prepare one phdr of type PT_NOTE for each present CPU */
1264         for_each_present_cpu(cpu) {
1265                 phdr->p_type = PT_NOTE;
1266                 notes_addr = per_cpu_ptr_to_phys(per_cpu_ptr(crash_notes, cpu));
1267                 phdr->p_offset = phdr->p_paddr = notes_addr;
1268                 phdr->p_filesz = phdr->p_memsz = sizeof(note_buf_t);
1269                 (ehdr->e_phnum)++;
1270                 phdr++;
1271         }
1272
1273         /* Prepare one PT_NOTE header for vmcoreinfo */
1274         phdr->p_type = PT_NOTE;
1275         phdr->p_offset = phdr->p_paddr = paddr_vmcoreinfo_note();
1276         phdr->p_filesz = phdr->p_memsz = VMCOREINFO_NOTE_SIZE;
1277         (ehdr->e_phnum)++;
1278         phdr++;
1279
1280         /* Prepare PT_LOAD type program header for kernel text region */
1281         if (need_kernel_map) {
1282                 phdr->p_type = PT_LOAD;
1283                 phdr->p_flags = PF_R|PF_W|PF_X;
1284                 phdr->p_vaddr = (unsigned long) _text;
1285                 phdr->p_filesz = phdr->p_memsz = _end - _text;
1286                 phdr->p_offset = phdr->p_paddr = __pa_symbol(_text);
1287                 ehdr->e_phnum++;
1288                 phdr++;
1289         }
1290
1291         /* Go through all the ranges in mem->ranges[] and prepare phdr */
1292         for (i = 0; i < mem->nr_ranges; i++) {
1293                 mstart = mem->ranges[i].start;
1294                 mend = mem->ranges[i].end;
1295
1296                 phdr->p_type = PT_LOAD;
1297                 phdr->p_flags = PF_R|PF_W|PF_X;
1298                 phdr->p_offset  = mstart;
1299
1300                 phdr->p_paddr = mstart;
1301                 phdr->p_vaddr = (unsigned long) __va(mstart);
1302                 phdr->p_filesz = phdr->p_memsz = mend - mstart + 1;
1303                 phdr->p_align = 0;
1304                 ehdr->e_phnum++;
1305                 pr_debug("Crash PT_LOAD ELF header. phdr=%p vaddr=0x%llx, paddr=0x%llx, sz=0x%llx e_phnum=%d p_offset=0x%llx\n",
1306                         phdr, phdr->p_vaddr, phdr->p_paddr, phdr->p_filesz,
1307                         ehdr->e_phnum, phdr->p_offset);
1308                 phdr++;
1309         }
1310
1311         *addr = buf;
1312         *sz = elf_sz;
1313         return 0;
1314 }