2 * Context tracking: Probe on high level context boundaries such as kernel
3 * and userspace. This includes syscalls and exceptions entry/exit.
5 * This is used by RCU to remove its dependency on the timer tick while a CPU
8 * Started by Frederic Weisbecker:
10 * Copyright (C) 2012 Red Hat, Inc., Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@redhat.com>
12 * Many thanks to Gilad Ben-Yossef, Paul McKenney, Ingo Molnar, Andrew Morton,
13 * Steven Rostedt, Peter Zijlstra for suggestions and improvements.
17 #include <linux/context_tracking.h>
18 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
19 #include <linux/sched.h>
20 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
21 #include <linux/export.h>
23 #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
24 #include <trace/events/context_tracking.h>
26 struct static_key context_tracking_enabled = STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE;
27 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(context_tracking_enabled);
29 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct context_tracking, context_tracking);
30 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(context_tracking);
32 void context_tracking_cpu_set(int cpu)
34 if (!per_cpu(context_tracking.active, cpu)) {
35 per_cpu(context_tracking.active, cpu) = true;
36 static_key_slow_inc(&context_tracking_enabled);
41 * context_tracking_user_enter - Inform the context tracking that the CPU is going to
42 * enter userspace mode.
44 * This function must be called right before we switch from the kernel
45 * to userspace, when it's guaranteed the remaining kernel instructions
46 * to execute won't use any RCU read side critical section because this
47 * function sets RCU in extended quiescent state.
49 void context_tracking_user_enter(void)
54 * Repeat the user_enter() check here because some archs may be calling
55 * this from asm and if no CPU needs context tracking, they shouldn't
56 * go further. Repeat the check here until they support the static key
59 if (!static_key_false(&context_tracking_enabled))
63 * Some contexts may involve an exception occuring in an irq,
64 * leading to that nesting:
65 * rcu_irq_enter() rcu_user_exit() rcu_user_exit() rcu_irq_exit()
66 * This would mess up the dyntick_nesting count though. And rcu_irq_*()
67 * helpers are enough to protect RCU uses inside the exception. So
68 * just return immediately if we detect we are in an IRQ.
73 /* Kernel threads aren't supposed to go to userspace */
74 WARN_ON_ONCE(!current->mm);
76 local_irq_save(flags);
77 if ( __this_cpu_read(context_tracking.state) != IN_USER) {
78 if (__this_cpu_read(context_tracking.active)) {
81 * At this stage, only low level arch entry code remains and
82 * then we'll run in userspace. We can assume there won't be
83 * any RCU read-side critical section until the next call to
84 * user_exit() or rcu_irq_enter(). Let's remove RCU's dependency
87 vtime_user_enter(current);
91 * Even if context tracking is disabled on this CPU, because it's outside
92 * the full dynticks mask for example, we still have to keep track of the
93 * context transitions and states to prevent inconsistency on those of
95 * If a task triggers an exception in userspace, sleep on the exception
96 * handler and then migrate to another CPU, that new CPU must know where
97 * the exception returns by the time we call exception_exit().
98 * This information can only be provided by the previous CPU when it called
100 * OTOH we can spare the calls to vtime and RCU when context_tracking.active
101 * is false because we know that CPU is not tickless.
103 __this_cpu_write(context_tracking.state, IN_USER);
105 local_irq_restore(flags);
108 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
110 * preempt_schedule_context - preempt_schedule called by tracing
112 * The tracing infrastructure uses preempt_enable_notrace to prevent
113 * recursion and tracing preempt enabling caused by the tracing
114 * infrastructure itself. But as tracing can happen in areas coming
115 * from userspace or just about to enter userspace, a preempt enable
116 * can occur before user_exit() is called. This will cause the scheduler
117 * to be called when the system is still in usermode.
119 * To prevent this, the preempt_enable_notrace will use this function
120 * instead of preempt_schedule() to exit user context if needed before
121 * calling the scheduler.
123 asmlinkage void __sched notrace preempt_schedule_context(void)
125 enum ctx_state prev_ctx;
127 if (likely(!preemptible()))
131 * Need to disable preemption in case user_exit() is traced
132 * and the tracer calls preempt_enable_notrace() causing
133 * an infinite recursion.
135 preempt_disable_notrace();
136 prev_ctx = exception_enter();
137 preempt_enable_no_resched_notrace();
141 preempt_disable_notrace();
142 exception_exit(prev_ctx);
143 preempt_enable_notrace();
145 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(preempt_schedule_context);
146 #endif /* CONFIG_PREEMPT */
149 * context_tracking_user_exit - Inform the context tracking that the CPU is
150 * exiting userspace mode and entering the kernel.
152 * This function must be called after we entered the kernel from userspace
153 * before any use of RCU read side critical section. This potentially include
154 * any high level kernel code like syscalls, exceptions, signal handling, etc...
156 * This call supports re-entrancy. This way it can be called from any exception
157 * handler without needing to know if we came from userspace or not.
159 void context_tracking_user_exit(void)
163 if (!static_key_false(&context_tracking_enabled))
169 local_irq_save(flags);
170 if (__this_cpu_read(context_tracking.state) == IN_USER) {
171 if (__this_cpu_read(context_tracking.active)) {
173 * We are going to run code that may use RCU. Inform
174 * RCU core about that (ie: we may need the tick again).
177 vtime_user_exit(current);
180 __this_cpu_write(context_tracking.state, IN_KERNEL);
182 local_irq_restore(flags);
186 * __context_tracking_task_switch - context switch the syscall callbacks
187 * @prev: the task that is being switched out
188 * @next: the task that is being switched in
190 * The context tracking uses the syscall slow path to implement its user-kernel
191 * boundaries probes on syscalls. This way it doesn't impact the syscall fast
192 * path on CPUs that don't do context tracking.
194 * But we need to clear the flag on the previous task because it may later
195 * migrate to some CPU that doesn't do the context tracking. As such the TIF
196 * flag may not be desired there.
198 void __context_tracking_task_switch(struct task_struct *prev,
199 struct task_struct *next)
201 clear_tsk_thread_flag(prev, TIF_NOHZ);
202 set_tsk_thread_flag(next, TIF_NOHZ);
205 #ifdef CONFIG_CONTEXT_TRACKING_FORCE
206 void __init context_tracking_init(void)
210 for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
211 context_tracking_cpu_set(cpu);