1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 * Clang Control Flow Integrity (CFI) error and slowpath handling.
5 * Copyright (C) 2021 Google LLC
8 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
9 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
10 #include <linux/module.h>
11 #include <linux/mutex.h>
12 #include <linux/printk.h>
13 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
14 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
15 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
16 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
17 #include <asm/set_memory.h>
19 /* Compiler-defined handler names */
20 #ifdef CONFIG_CFI_PERMISSIVE
21 #define cfi_failure_handler __ubsan_handle_cfi_check_fail
23 #define cfi_failure_handler __ubsan_handle_cfi_check_fail_abort
26 static inline void handle_cfi_failure(void *ptr)
28 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CFI_PERMISSIVE))
29 WARN_RATELIMIT(1, "CFI failure (target: %pS):\n", ptr);
31 panic("CFI failure (target: %pS)\n", ptr);
35 #ifdef CONFIG_CFI_CLANG_SHADOW
37 * Index type. A 16-bit index can address at most (2^16)-2 pages (taking
38 * into account SHADOW_INVALID), i.e. ~256M with 4k pages.
41 #define SHADOW_INVALID ((shadow_t)~0UL)
44 /* Page index for the beginning of the shadow */
46 /* An array of __cfi_check locations (as indices to the shadow) */
51 * The shadow covers ~128M from the beginning of the module region. If
52 * the region is larger, we fall back to __module_address for the rest.
54 #define __SHADOW_RANGE (_UL(SZ_128M) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
56 /* The in-memory size of struct cfi_shadow, always at least one page */
57 #define __SHADOW_PAGES ((__SHADOW_RANGE * sizeof(shadow_t)) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
58 #define SHADOW_PAGES max(1UL, __SHADOW_PAGES)
59 #define SHADOW_SIZE (SHADOW_PAGES << PAGE_SHIFT)
61 /* The actual size of the shadow array, minus metadata */
62 #define SHADOW_ARR_SIZE (SHADOW_SIZE - offsetof(struct cfi_shadow, shadow))
63 #define SHADOW_ARR_SLOTS (SHADOW_ARR_SIZE / sizeof(shadow_t))
65 static DEFINE_MUTEX(shadow_update_lock);
66 static struct cfi_shadow __rcu *cfi_shadow __read_mostly;
68 /* Returns the index in the shadow for the given address */
69 static inline int ptr_to_shadow(const struct cfi_shadow *s, unsigned long ptr)
72 unsigned long page = ptr >> PAGE_SHIFT;
74 if (unlikely(page < s->base))
75 return -1; /* Outside of module area */
77 index = page - s->base;
79 if (index >= SHADOW_ARR_SLOTS)
80 return -1; /* Cannot be addressed with shadow */
85 /* Returns the page address for an index in the shadow */
86 static inline unsigned long shadow_to_ptr(const struct cfi_shadow *s,
89 if (unlikely(index < 0 || index >= SHADOW_ARR_SLOTS))
92 return (s->base + index) << PAGE_SHIFT;
95 /* Returns the __cfi_check function address for the given shadow location */
96 static inline unsigned long shadow_to_check_fn(const struct cfi_shadow *s,
99 if (unlikely(index < 0 || index >= SHADOW_ARR_SLOTS))
102 if (unlikely(s->shadow[index] == SHADOW_INVALID))
105 /* __cfi_check is always page aligned */
106 return (s->base + s->shadow[index]) << PAGE_SHIFT;
109 static void prepare_next_shadow(const struct cfi_shadow __rcu *prev,
110 struct cfi_shadow *next)
114 /* Mark everything invalid */
115 memset(next->shadow, 0xFF, SHADOW_ARR_SIZE);
118 return; /* No previous shadow */
120 /* If the base address didn't change, an update is not needed */
121 if (prev->base == next->base) {
122 memcpy(next->shadow, prev->shadow, SHADOW_ARR_SIZE);
126 /* Convert the previous shadow to the new address range */
127 for (i = 0; i < SHADOW_ARR_SLOTS; ++i) {
128 if (prev->shadow[i] == SHADOW_INVALID)
131 index = ptr_to_shadow(next, shadow_to_ptr(prev, i));
135 check = ptr_to_shadow(next,
136 shadow_to_check_fn(prev, prev->shadow[i]));
140 next->shadow[index] = (shadow_t)check;
144 static void add_module_to_shadow(struct cfi_shadow *s, struct module *mod,
145 unsigned long min_addr, unsigned long max_addr)
148 unsigned long check = (unsigned long)mod->cfi_check;
151 if (unlikely(!PAGE_ALIGNED(check))) {
152 pr_warn("cfi: not using shadow for module %s\n", mod->name);
156 check_index = ptr_to_shadow(s, check);
158 return; /* Module not addressable with shadow */
160 /* For each page, store the check function index in the shadow */
161 for (ptr = min_addr; ptr <= max_addr; ptr += PAGE_SIZE) {
162 int index = ptr_to_shadow(s, ptr);
165 /* Each page must only contain one module */
166 WARN_ON_ONCE(s->shadow[index] != SHADOW_INVALID);
167 s->shadow[index] = (shadow_t)check_index;
172 static void remove_module_from_shadow(struct cfi_shadow *s, struct module *mod,
173 unsigned long min_addr, unsigned long max_addr)
177 for (ptr = min_addr; ptr <= max_addr; ptr += PAGE_SIZE) {
178 int index = ptr_to_shadow(s, ptr);
181 s->shadow[index] = SHADOW_INVALID;
185 typedef void (*update_shadow_fn)(struct cfi_shadow *, struct module *,
186 unsigned long min_addr, unsigned long max_addr);
188 static void update_shadow(struct module *mod, unsigned long base_addr,
191 struct cfi_shadow *prev;
192 struct cfi_shadow *next;
193 unsigned long min_addr, max_addr;
195 next = vmalloc(SHADOW_SIZE);
197 mutex_lock(&shadow_update_lock);
198 prev = rcu_dereference_protected(cfi_shadow,
199 mutex_is_locked(&shadow_update_lock));
202 next->base = base_addr >> PAGE_SHIFT;
203 prepare_next_shadow(prev, next);
205 min_addr = (unsigned long)mod->core_layout.base;
206 max_addr = min_addr + mod->core_layout.text_size;
207 fn(next, mod, min_addr & PAGE_MASK, max_addr & PAGE_MASK);
209 set_memory_ro((unsigned long)next, SHADOW_PAGES);
212 rcu_assign_pointer(cfi_shadow, next);
213 mutex_unlock(&shadow_update_lock);
217 set_memory_rw((unsigned long)prev, SHADOW_PAGES);
222 void cfi_module_add(struct module *mod, unsigned long base_addr)
224 update_shadow(mod, base_addr, add_module_to_shadow);
227 void cfi_module_remove(struct module *mod, unsigned long base_addr)
229 update_shadow(mod, base_addr, remove_module_from_shadow);
232 static inline cfi_check_fn ptr_to_check_fn(const struct cfi_shadow __rcu *s,
238 return NULL; /* No shadow available */
240 index = ptr_to_shadow(s, ptr);
242 return NULL; /* Cannot be addressed with shadow */
244 return (cfi_check_fn)shadow_to_check_fn(s, index);
247 static inline cfi_check_fn find_shadow_check_fn(unsigned long ptr)
251 rcu_read_lock_sched_notrace();
252 fn = ptr_to_check_fn(rcu_dereference_sched(cfi_shadow), ptr);
253 rcu_read_unlock_sched_notrace();
258 #else /* !CONFIG_CFI_CLANG_SHADOW */
260 static inline cfi_check_fn find_shadow_check_fn(unsigned long ptr)
265 #endif /* CONFIG_CFI_CLANG_SHADOW */
267 static inline cfi_check_fn find_module_check_fn(unsigned long ptr)
269 cfi_check_fn fn = NULL;
272 rcu_read_lock_sched_notrace();
273 mod = __module_address(ptr);
276 rcu_read_unlock_sched_notrace();
281 static inline cfi_check_fn find_check_fn(unsigned long ptr)
283 cfi_check_fn fn = NULL;
287 if (is_kernel_text(ptr))
291 * Indirect call checks can happen when RCU is not watching. Both
292 * the shadow and __module_address use RCU, so we need to wake it
295 rcu_idle = !rcu_is_watching();
297 local_irq_save(flags);
301 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CFI_CLANG_SHADOW))
302 fn = find_shadow_check_fn(ptr);
304 fn = find_module_check_fn(ptr);
308 local_irq_restore(flags);
314 void __cfi_slowpath_diag(uint64_t id, void *ptr, void *diag)
316 cfi_check_fn fn = find_check_fn((unsigned long)ptr);
320 else /* Don't allow unchecked modules */
321 handle_cfi_failure(ptr);
323 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__cfi_slowpath_diag);
325 #else /* !CONFIG_MODULES */
327 void __cfi_slowpath_diag(uint64_t id, void *ptr, void *diag)
329 handle_cfi_failure(ptr); /* No modules */
331 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__cfi_slowpath_diag);
333 #endif /* CONFIG_MODULES */
335 void cfi_failure_handler(void *data, void *ptr, void *vtable)
337 handle_cfi_failure(ptr);
339 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cfi_failure_handler);