3 * Copyright (C) 1992 Krishna Balasubramanian
5 * Sep 1997 - Call suser() last after "normal" permission checks so we
6 * get BSD style process accounting right.
7 * Occurs in several places in the IPC code.
8 * Chris Evans, <chris@ferret.lmh.ox.ac.uk>
9 * Nov 1999 - ipc helper functions, unified SMP locking
10 * Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
11 * Oct 2002 - One lock per IPC id. RCU ipc_free for lock-free grow_ary().
12 * Mingming Cao <cmm@us.ibm.com>
13 * Mar 2006 - support for audit of ipc object properties
14 * Dustin Kirkland <dustin.kirkland@us.ibm.com>
15 * Jun 2006 - namespaces ssupport
17 * Pavel Emelianov <xemul@openvz.org>
19 * General sysv ipc locking scheme:
21 * obtain the ipc object (kern_ipc_perm) by looking up the id in an idr
23 * - perform initial checks (capabilities, auditing and permission,
25 * - perform read-only operations, such as STAT, INFO commands.
26 * acquire the ipc lock (kern_ipc_perm.lock) through
28 * - perform data updates, such as SET, RMID commands and
29 * mechanism-specific operations (semop/semtimedop,
30 * msgsnd/msgrcv, shmat/shmdt).
31 * drop the ipc lock, through ipc_unlock_object().
34 * The ids->rwsem must be taken when:
35 * - creating, removing and iterating the existing entries in ipc
37 * - iterating through files under /proc/sysvipc/
39 * Note that sems have a special fast path that avoids kern_ipc_perm.lock -
44 #include <linux/shm.h>
45 #include <linux/init.h>
46 #include <linux/msg.h>
47 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
48 #include <linux/slab.h>
49 #include <linux/notifier.h>
50 #include <linux/capability.h>
51 #include <linux/highuid.h>
52 #include <linux/security.h>
53 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
54 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
55 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
56 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
57 #include <linux/audit.h>
58 #include <linux/nsproxy.h>
59 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
60 #include <linux/memory.h>
61 #include <linux/ipc_namespace.h>
63 #include <asm/unistd.h>
67 struct ipc_proc_iface {
71 int (*show)(struct seq_file *, void *);
75 * ipc_init - initialise ipc subsystem
77 * The various sysv ipc resources (semaphores, messages and shared
78 * memory) are initialised.
80 * A callback routine is registered into the memory hotplug notifier
81 * chain: since msgmni scales to lowmem this callback routine will be
82 * called upon successful memory add / remove to recompute msmgni.
84 static int __init ipc_init(void)
91 device_initcall(ipc_init);
94 * ipc_init_ids - initialise ipc identifiers
95 * @ids: ipc identifier set
97 * Set up the sequence range to use for the ipc identifier range (limited
98 * below IPCMNI) then initialise the ids idr.
100 void ipc_init_ids(struct ipc_ids *ids)
105 init_rwsem(&ids->rwsem);
106 idr_init(&ids->ipcs_idr);
109 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
110 static const struct file_operations sysvipc_proc_fops;
112 * ipc_init_proc_interface - create a proc interface for sysipc types using a seq_file interface.
113 * @path: Path in procfs
114 * @header: Banner to be printed at the beginning of the file.
115 * @ids: ipc id table to iterate.
116 * @show: show routine.
118 void __init ipc_init_proc_interface(const char *path, const char *header,
119 int ids, int (*show)(struct seq_file *, void *))
121 struct proc_dir_entry *pde;
122 struct ipc_proc_iface *iface;
124 iface = kmalloc(sizeof(*iface), GFP_KERNEL);
128 iface->header = header;
132 pde = proc_create_data(path,
133 S_IRUGO, /* world readable */
134 NULL, /* parent dir */
143 * ipc_findkey - find a key in an ipc identifier set
144 * @ids: ipc identifier set
147 * Returns the locked pointer to the ipc structure if found or NULL
148 * otherwise. If key is found ipc points to the owning ipc structure
150 * Called with ipc_ids.rwsem held.
152 static struct kern_ipc_perm *ipc_findkey(struct ipc_ids *ids, key_t key)
154 struct kern_ipc_perm *ipc;
158 for (total = 0, next_id = 0; total < ids->in_use; next_id++) {
159 ipc = idr_find(&ids->ipcs_idr, next_id);
164 if (ipc->key != key) {
170 ipc_lock_object(ipc);
178 * ipc_get_maxid - get the last assigned id
179 * @ids: ipc identifier set
181 * Called with ipc_ids.rwsem held.
183 int ipc_get_maxid(struct ipc_ids *ids)
185 struct kern_ipc_perm *ipc;
189 if (ids->in_use == 0)
192 if (ids->in_use == IPCMNI)
195 /* Look for the last assigned id */
197 for (id = 0; id < IPCMNI && total < ids->in_use; id++) {
198 ipc = idr_find(&ids->ipcs_idr, id);
208 * ipc_addid - add an ipc identifier
209 * @ids: ipc identifier set
210 * @new: new ipc permission set
211 * @size: limit for the number of used ids
213 * Add an entry 'new' to the ipc ids idr. The permissions object is
214 * initialised and the first free entry is set up and the id assigned
215 * is returned. The 'new' entry is returned in a locked state on success.
216 * On failure the entry is not locked and a negative err-code is returned.
218 * Called with writer ipc_ids.rwsem held.
220 int ipc_addid(struct ipc_ids *ids, struct kern_ipc_perm *new, int size)
225 int next_id = ids->next_id;
230 if (ids->in_use >= size)
233 idr_preload(GFP_KERNEL);
235 spin_lock_init(&new->lock);
236 new->deleted = false;
238 spin_lock(&new->lock);
240 current_euid_egid(&euid, &egid);
241 new->cuid = new->uid = euid;
242 new->gid = new->cgid = egid;
244 id = idr_alloc(&ids->ipcs_idr, new,
245 (next_id < 0) ? 0 : ipcid_to_idx(next_id), 0,
249 spin_unlock(&new->lock);
257 new->seq = ids->seq++;
258 if (ids->seq > IPCID_SEQ_MAX)
261 new->seq = ipcid_to_seqx(next_id);
265 new->id = ipc_buildid(id, new->seq);
270 * ipcget_new - create a new ipc object
272 * @ids: ipc identifier set
273 * @ops: the actual creation routine to call
274 * @params: its parameters
276 * This routine is called by sys_msgget, sys_semget() and sys_shmget()
277 * when the key is IPC_PRIVATE.
279 static int ipcget_new(struct ipc_namespace *ns, struct ipc_ids *ids,
280 const struct ipc_ops *ops, struct ipc_params *params)
284 down_write(&ids->rwsem);
285 err = ops->getnew(ns, params);
286 up_write(&ids->rwsem);
291 * ipc_check_perms - check security and permissions for an ipc object
293 * @ipcp: ipc permission set
294 * @ops: the actual security routine to call
295 * @params: its parameters
297 * This routine is called by sys_msgget(), sys_semget() and sys_shmget()
298 * when the key is not IPC_PRIVATE and that key already exists in the
301 * On success, the ipc id is returned.
303 * It is called with ipc_ids.rwsem and ipcp->lock held.
305 static int ipc_check_perms(struct ipc_namespace *ns,
306 struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp,
307 const struct ipc_ops *ops,
308 struct ipc_params *params)
312 if (ipcperms(ns, ipcp, params->flg))
315 err = ops->associate(ipcp, params->flg);
324 * ipcget_public - get an ipc object or create a new one
326 * @ids: ipc identifier set
327 * @ops: the actual creation routine to call
328 * @params: its parameters
330 * This routine is called by sys_msgget, sys_semget() and sys_shmget()
331 * when the key is not IPC_PRIVATE.
332 * It adds a new entry if the key is not found and does some permission
333 * / security checkings if the key is found.
335 * On success, the ipc id is returned.
337 static int ipcget_public(struct ipc_namespace *ns, struct ipc_ids *ids,
338 const struct ipc_ops *ops, struct ipc_params *params)
340 struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp;
341 int flg = params->flg;
345 * Take the lock as a writer since we are potentially going to add
346 * a new entry + read locks are not "upgradable"
348 down_write(&ids->rwsem);
349 ipcp = ipc_findkey(ids, params->key);
352 if (!(flg & IPC_CREAT))
355 err = ops->getnew(ns, params);
357 /* ipc object has been locked by ipc_findkey() */
359 if (flg & IPC_CREAT && flg & IPC_EXCL)
363 if (ops->more_checks)
364 err = ops->more_checks(ipcp, params);
367 * ipc_check_perms returns the IPC id on
370 err = ipc_check_perms(ns, ipcp, ops, params);
374 up_write(&ids->rwsem);
381 * ipc_rmid - remove an ipc identifier
382 * @ids: ipc identifier set
383 * @ipcp: ipc perm structure containing the identifier to remove
385 * ipc_ids.rwsem (as a writer) and the spinlock for this ID are held
386 * before this function is called, and remain locked on the exit.
388 void ipc_rmid(struct ipc_ids *ids, struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp)
390 int lid = ipcid_to_idx(ipcp->id);
392 idr_remove(&ids->ipcs_idr, lid);
394 ipcp->deleted = true;
398 * ipc_alloc - allocate ipc space
399 * @size: size desired
401 * Allocate memory from the appropriate pools and return a pointer to it.
402 * NULL is returned if the allocation fails
404 void *ipc_alloc(int size)
406 return kvmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
410 * ipc_free - free ipc space
411 * @ptr: pointer returned by ipc_alloc
413 * Free a block created with ipc_alloc().
415 void ipc_free(void *ptr)
421 * ipc_rcu_alloc - allocate ipc and rcu space
422 * @size: size desired
424 * Allocate memory for the rcu header structure + the object.
425 * Returns the pointer to the object or NULL upon failure.
427 void *ipc_rcu_alloc(int size)
430 * We prepend the allocation with the rcu struct
432 struct ipc_rcu *out = ipc_alloc(sizeof(struct ipc_rcu) + size);
435 atomic_set(&out->refcount, 1);
439 int ipc_rcu_getref(void *ptr)
441 struct ipc_rcu *p = ((struct ipc_rcu *)ptr) - 1;
443 return atomic_inc_not_zero(&p->refcount);
446 void ipc_rcu_putref(void *ptr, void (*func)(struct rcu_head *head))
448 struct ipc_rcu *p = ((struct ipc_rcu *)ptr) - 1;
450 if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&p->refcount))
453 call_rcu(&p->rcu, func);
456 void ipc_rcu_free(struct rcu_head *head)
458 struct ipc_rcu *p = container_of(head, struct ipc_rcu, rcu);
464 * ipcperms - check ipc permissions
466 * @ipcp: ipc permission set
467 * @flag: desired permission set
469 * Check user, group, other permissions for access
470 * to ipc resources. return 0 if allowed
472 * @flag will most probably be 0 or ``S_...UGO`` from <linux/stat.h>
474 int ipcperms(struct ipc_namespace *ns, struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp, short flag)
476 kuid_t euid = current_euid();
477 int requested_mode, granted_mode;
480 requested_mode = (flag >> 6) | (flag >> 3) | flag;
481 granted_mode = ipcp->mode;
482 if (uid_eq(euid, ipcp->cuid) ||
483 uid_eq(euid, ipcp->uid))
485 else if (in_group_p(ipcp->cgid) || in_group_p(ipcp->gid))
487 /* is there some bit set in requested_mode but not in granted_mode? */
488 if ((requested_mode & ~granted_mode & 0007) &&
489 !ns_capable(ns->user_ns, CAP_IPC_OWNER))
492 return security_ipc_permission(ipcp, flag);
496 * Functions to convert between the kern_ipc_perm structure and the
497 * old/new ipc_perm structures
501 * kernel_to_ipc64_perm - convert kernel ipc permissions to user
502 * @in: kernel permissions
503 * @out: new style ipc permissions
505 * Turn the kernel object @in into a set of permissions descriptions
506 * for returning to userspace (@out).
508 void kernel_to_ipc64_perm(struct kern_ipc_perm *in, struct ipc64_perm *out)
511 out->uid = from_kuid_munged(current_user_ns(), in->uid);
512 out->gid = from_kgid_munged(current_user_ns(), in->gid);
513 out->cuid = from_kuid_munged(current_user_ns(), in->cuid);
514 out->cgid = from_kgid_munged(current_user_ns(), in->cgid);
515 out->mode = in->mode;
520 * ipc64_perm_to_ipc_perm - convert new ipc permissions to old
521 * @in: new style ipc permissions
522 * @out: old style ipc permissions
524 * Turn the new style permissions object @in into a compatibility
525 * object and store it into the @out pointer.
527 void ipc64_perm_to_ipc_perm(struct ipc64_perm *in, struct ipc_perm *out)
530 SET_UID(out->uid, in->uid);
531 SET_GID(out->gid, in->gid);
532 SET_UID(out->cuid, in->cuid);
533 SET_GID(out->cgid, in->cgid);
534 out->mode = in->mode;
540 * @ids: ipc identifier set
541 * @id: ipc id to look for
543 * Look for an id in the ipc ids idr and return associated ipc object.
545 * Call inside the RCU critical section.
546 * The ipc object is *not* locked on exit.
548 struct kern_ipc_perm *ipc_obtain_object_idr(struct ipc_ids *ids, int id)
550 struct kern_ipc_perm *out;
551 int lid = ipcid_to_idx(id);
553 out = idr_find(&ids->ipcs_idr, lid);
555 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
561 * ipc_lock - lock an ipc structure without rwsem held
562 * @ids: ipc identifier set
563 * @id: ipc id to look for
565 * Look for an id in the ipc ids idr and lock the associated ipc object.
567 * The ipc object is locked on successful exit.
569 struct kern_ipc_perm *ipc_lock(struct ipc_ids *ids, int id)
571 struct kern_ipc_perm *out;
574 out = ipc_obtain_object_idr(ids, id);
578 spin_lock(&out->lock);
581 * ipc_rmid() may have already freed the ID while ipc_lock()
582 * was spinning: here verify that the structure is still valid.
583 * Upon races with RMID, return -EIDRM, thus indicating that
584 * the ID points to a removed identifier.
586 if (ipc_valid_object(out))
589 spin_unlock(&out->lock);
590 out = ERR_PTR(-EIDRM);
597 * ipc_obtain_object_check
598 * @ids: ipc identifier set
599 * @id: ipc id to look for
601 * Similar to ipc_obtain_object_idr() but also checks
602 * the ipc object reference counter.
604 * Call inside the RCU critical section.
605 * The ipc object is *not* locked on exit.
607 struct kern_ipc_perm *ipc_obtain_object_check(struct ipc_ids *ids, int id)
609 struct kern_ipc_perm *out = ipc_obtain_object_idr(ids, id);
614 if (ipc_checkid(out, id))
615 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
621 * ipcget - Common sys_*get() code
623 * @ids: ipc identifier set
624 * @ops: operations to be called on ipc object creation, permission checks
626 * @params: the parameters needed by the previous operations.
628 * Common routine called by sys_msgget(), sys_semget() and sys_shmget().
630 int ipcget(struct ipc_namespace *ns, struct ipc_ids *ids,
631 const struct ipc_ops *ops, struct ipc_params *params)
633 if (params->key == IPC_PRIVATE)
634 return ipcget_new(ns, ids, ops, params);
636 return ipcget_public(ns, ids, ops, params);
640 * ipc_update_perm - update the permissions of an ipc object
641 * @in: the permission given as input.
642 * @out: the permission of the ipc to set.
644 int ipc_update_perm(struct ipc64_perm *in, struct kern_ipc_perm *out)
646 kuid_t uid = make_kuid(current_user_ns(), in->uid);
647 kgid_t gid = make_kgid(current_user_ns(), in->gid);
648 if (!uid_valid(uid) || !gid_valid(gid))
653 out->mode = (out->mode & ~S_IRWXUGO)
654 | (in->mode & S_IRWXUGO);
660 * ipcctl_pre_down_nolock - retrieve an ipc and check permissions for some IPC_XXX cmd
662 * @ids: the table of ids where to look for the ipc
663 * @id: the id of the ipc to retrieve
664 * @cmd: the cmd to check
665 * @perm: the permission to set
666 * @extra_perm: one extra permission parameter used by msq
668 * This function does some common audit and permissions check for some IPC_XXX
669 * cmd and is called from semctl_down, shmctl_down and msgctl_down.
670 * It must be called without any lock held and:
672 * - retrieves the ipc with the given id in the given table.
673 * - performs some audit and permission check, depending on the given cmd
674 * - returns a pointer to the ipc object or otherwise, the corresponding
677 * Call holding the both the rwsem and the rcu read lock.
679 struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcctl_pre_down_nolock(struct ipc_namespace *ns,
680 struct ipc_ids *ids, int id, int cmd,
681 struct ipc64_perm *perm, int extra_perm)
685 struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp;
687 ipcp = ipc_obtain_object_check(ids, id);
695 audit_ipc_set_perm(extra_perm, perm->uid,
696 perm->gid, perm->mode);
698 euid = current_euid();
699 if (uid_eq(euid, ipcp->cuid) || uid_eq(euid, ipcp->uid) ||
700 ns_capable(ns->user_ns, CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
701 return ipcp; /* successful lookup */
706 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_WANT_IPC_PARSE_VERSION
710 * ipc_parse_version - ipc call version
711 * @cmd: pointer to command
713 * Return IPC_64 for new style IPC and IPC_OLD for old style IPC.
714 * The @cmd value is turned from an encoding command and version into
715 * just the command code.
717 int ipc_parse_version(int *cmd)
727 #endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_WANT_IPC_PARSE_VERSION */
729 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
730 struct ipc_proc_iter {
731 struct ipc_namespace *ns;
732 struct ipc_proc_iface *iface;
736 * This routine locks the ipc structure found at least at position pos.
738 static struct kern_ipc_perm *sysvipc_find_ipc(struct ipc_ids *ids, loff_t pos,
741 struct kern_ipc_perm *ipc;
745 for (id = 0; id < pos && total < ids->in_use; id++) {
746 ipc = idr_find(&ids->ipcs_idr, id);
751 if (total >= ids->in_use)
754 for (; pos < IPCMNI; pos++) {
755 ipc = idr_find(&ids->ipcs_idr, pos);
759 ipc_lock_object(ipc);
764 /* Out of range - return NULL to terminate iteration */
768 static void *sysvipc_proc_next(struct seq_file *s, void *it, loff_t *pos)
770 struct ipc_proc_iter *iter = s->private;
771 struct ipc_proc_iface *iface = iter->iface;
772 struct kern_ipc_perm *ipc = it;
774 /* If we had an ipc id locked before, unlock it */
775 if (ipc && ipc != SEQ_START_TOKEN)
778 return sysvipc_find_ipc(&iter->ns->ids[iface->ids], *pos, pos);
782 * File positions: pos 0 -> header, pos n -> ipc id = n - 1.
783 * SeqFile iterator: iterator value locked ipc pointer or SEQ_TOKEN_START.
785 static void *sysvipc_proc_start(struct seq_file *s, loff_t *pos)
787 struct ipc_proc_iter *iter = s->private;
788 struct ipc_proc_iface *iface = iter->iface;
791 ids = &iter->ns->ids[iface->ids];
794 * Take the lock - this will be released by the corresponding
797 down_read(&ids->rwsem);
799 /* pos < 0 is invalid */
803 /* pos == 0 means header */
805 return SEQ_START_TOKEN;
807 /* Find the (pos-1)th ipc */
808 return sysvipc_find_ipc(ids, *pos - 1, pos);
811 static void sysvipc_proc_stop(struct seq_file *s, void *it)
813 struct kern_ipc_perm *ipc = it;
814 struct ipc_proc_iter *iter = s->private;
815 struct ipc_proc_iface *iface = iter->iface;
818 /* If we had a locked structure, release it */
819 if (ipc && ipc != SEQ_START_TOKEN)
822 ids = &iter->ns->ids[iface->ids];
823 /* Release the lock we took in start() */
824 up_read(&ids->rwsem);
827 static int sysvipc_proc_show(struct seq_file *s, void *it)
829 struct ipc_proc_iter *iter = s->private;
830 struct ipc_proc_iface *iface = iter->iface;
832 if (it == SEQ_START_TOKEN) {
833 seq_puts(s, iface->header);
837 return iface->show(s, it);
840 static const struct seq_operations sysvipc_proc_seqops = {
841 .start = sysvipc_proc_start,
842 .stop = sysvipc_proc_stop,
843 .next = sysvipc_proc_next,
844 .show = sysvipc_proc_show,
847 static int sysvipc_proc_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
849 struct ipc_proc_iter *iter;
851 iter = __seq_open_private(file, &sysvipc_proc_seqops, sizeof(*iter));
855 iter->iface = PDE_DATA(inode);
856 iter->ns = get_ipc_ns(current->nsproxy->ipc_ns);
861 static int sysvipc_proc_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
863 struct seq_file *seq = file->private_data;
864 struct ipc_proc_iter *iter = seq->private;
865 put_ipc_ns(iter->ns);
866 return seq_release_private(inode, file);
869 static const struct file_operations sysvipc_proc_fops = {
870 .open = sysvipc_proc_open,
873 .release = sysvipc_proc_release,
875 #endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */