1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ */
3 * Common SPI Interface: Controller-specific definitions
6 * Gerald Van Baren, Custom IDEAS, vanbaren@cideas.com.
13 #include <linux/bitops.h>
16 #define SPI_CPHA BIT(0) /* clock phase */
17 #define SPI_CPOL BIT(1) /* clock polarity */
18 #define SPI_MODE_0 (0|0) /* (original MicroWire) */
19 #define SPI_MODE_1 (0|SPI_CPHA)
20 #define SPI_MODE_2 (SPI_CPOL|0)
21 #define SPI_MODE_3 (SPI_CPOL|SPI_CPHA)
22 #define SPI_CS_HIGH BIT(2) /* CS active high */
23 #define SPI_LSB_FIRST BIT(3) /* per-word bits-on-wire */
24 #define SPI_3WIRE BIT(4) /* SI/SO signals shared */
25 #define SPI_LOOP BIT(5) /* loopback mode */
26 #define SPI_SLAVE BIT(6) /* slave mode */
27 #define SPI_PREAMBLE BIT(7) /* Skip preamble bytes */
28 #define SPI_TX_BYTE BIT(8) /* transmit with 1 wire byte */
29 #define SPI_TX_DUAL BIT(9) /* transmit with 2 wires */
30 #define SPI_TX_QUAD BIT(10) /* transmit with 4 wires */
31 #define SPI_RX_SLOW BIT(11) /* receive with 1 wire slow */
32 #define SPI_RX_DUAL BIT(12) /* receive with 2 wires */
33 #define SPI_RX_QUAD BIT(13) /* receive with 4 wires */
34 #define SPI_TX_OCTAL BIT(14) /* transmit with 8 wires */
35 #define SPI_RX_OCTAL BIT(15) /* receive with 8 wires */
37 /* Header byte that marks the start of the message */
38 #define SPI_PREAMBLE_END_BYTE 0xec
40 #define SPI_DEFAULT_WORDLEN 8
42 /* TODO(sjg@chromium.org): Remove this and use max_hz from struct spi_slave */
48 * struct dm_spi_platdata - platform data for all SPI slaves
50 * This describes a SPI slave, a child device of the SPI bus. To obtain this
51 * struct from a spi_slave, use dev_get_parent_platdata(dev) or
52 * dev_get_parent_platdata(slave->dev).
54 * This data is immuatable. Each time the device is probed, @max_hz and @mode
55 * will be copied to struct spi_slave.
57 * @cs: Chip select number (0..n-1)
58 * @max_hz: Maximum bus speed that this slave can tolerate
59 * @mode: SPI mode to use for this device (see SPI mode flags)
61 struct dm_spi_slave_platdata {
68 * enum spi_clock_phase - indicates the clock phase to use for SPI (CPHA)
70 * @SPI_CLOCK_PHASE_FIRST: Data sampled on the first phase
71 * @SPI_CLOCK_PHASE_SECOND: Data sampled on the second phase
73 enum spi_clock_phase {
74 SPI_CLOCK_PHASE_FIRST,
75 SPI_CLOCK_PHASE_SECOND,
79 * enum spi_wire_mode - indicates the number of wires used for SPI
81 * @SPI_4_WIRE_MODE: Normal bidirectional mode with MOSI and MISO
82 * @SPI_3_WIRE_MODE: Unidirectional version with a single data line SISO
90 * enum spi_polarity - indicates the polarity of the SPI bus (CPOL)
92 * @SPI_POLARITY_LOW: Clock is low in idle state
93 * @SPI_POLARITY_HIGH: Clock is high in idle state
101 * struct spi_slave - Representation of a SPI slave
103 * For driver model this is the per-child data used by the SPI bus. It can
104 * be accessed using dev_get_parent_priv() on the slave device. The SPI uclass
105 * sets uip per_child_auto_alloc_size to sizeof(struct spi_slave), and the
106 * driver should not override it. Two platform data fields (max_hz and mode)
107 * are copied into this structure to provide an initial value. This allows
108 * them to be changed, since we should never change platform data in drivers.
110 * If not using driver model, drivers are expected to extend this with
111 * controller-specific data.
113 * @dev: SPI slave device
114 * @max_hz: Maximum speed for this slave
115 * @speed: Current bus speed. This is 0 until the bus is first
117 * @bus: ID of the bus that the slave is attached to. For
118 * driver model this is the sequence number of the SPI
119 * bus (bus->seq) so does not need to be stored
120 * @cs: ID of the chip select connected to the slave.
121 * @mode: SPI mode to use for this slave (see SPI mode flags)
122 * @wordlen: Size of SPI word in number of bits
123 * @max_read_size: If non-zero, the maximum number of bytes which can
125 * @max_write_size: If non-zero, the maximum number of bytes which can
126 * be written at once.
127 * @memory_map: Address of read-only SPI flash access.
128 * @flags: Indication of SPI flags.
131 #if CONFIG_IS_ENABLED(DM_SPI)
132 struct udevice *dev; /* struct spi_slave is dev->parentdata */
140 unsigned int wordlen;
141 unsigned int max_read_size;
142 unsigned int max_write_size;
146 #define SPI_XFER_BEGIN BIT(0) /* Assert CS before transfer */
147 #define SPI_XFER_END BIT(1) /* Deassert CS after transfer */
148 #define SPI_XFER_ONCE (SPI_XFER_BEGIN | SPI_XFER_END)
149 #define SPI_XFER_MMAP BIT(2) /* Memory Mapped start */
150 #define SPI_XFER_MMAP_END BIT(3) /* Memory Mapped End */
154 * spi_do_alloc_slave - Allocate a new SPI slave (internal)
156 * Allocate and zero all fields in the spi slave, and set the bus/chip
157 * select. Use the helper macro spi_alloc_slave() to call this.
159 * @offset: Offset of struct spi_slave within slave structure.
160 * @size: Size of slave structure.
161 * @bus: Bus ID of the slave chip.
162 * @cs: Chip select ID of the slave chip on the specified bus.
164 void *spi_do_alloc_slave(int offset, int size, unsigned int bus,
168 * spi_alloc_slave - Allocate a new SPI slave
170 * Allocate and zero all fields in the spi slave, and set the bus/chip
173 * @_struct: Name of structure to allocate (e.g. struct tegra_spi).
174 * This structure must contain a member 'struct spi_slave *slave'.
175 * @bus: Bus ID of the slave chip.
176 * @cs: Chip select ID of the slave chip on the specified bus.
178 #define spi_alloc_slave(_struct, bus, cs) \
179 spi_do_alloc_slave(offsetof(_struct, slave), \
180 sizeof(_struct), bus, cs)
183 * spi_alloc_slave_base - Allocate a new SPI slave with no private data
185 * Allocate and zero all fields in the spi slave, and set the bus/chip
188 * @bus: Bus ID of the slave chip.
189 * @cs: Chip select ID of the slave chip on the specified bus.
191 #define spi_alloc_slave_base(bus, cs) \
192 spi_do_alloc_slave(0, sizeof(struct spi_slave), bus, cs)
195 * Set up communications parameters for a SPI slave.
197 * This must be called once for each slave. Note that this function
198 * usually doesn't touch any actual hardware, it only initializes the
199 * contents of spi_slave so that the hardware can be easily
202 * @bus: Bus ID of the slave chip.
203 * @cs: Chip select ID of the slave chip on the specified bus.
204 * @max_hz: Maximum SCK rate in Hz.
205 * @mode: Clock polarity, clock phase and other parameters.
207 * Returns: A spi_slave reference that can be used in subsequent SPI
208 * calls, or NULL if one or more of the parameters are not supported.
210 struct spi_slave *spi_setup_slave(unsigned int bus, unsigned int cs,
211 unsigned int max_hz, unsigned int mode);
214 * Free any memory associated with a SPI slave.
216 * @slave: The SPI slave
218 void spi_free_slave(struct spi_slave *slave);
221 * Claim the bus and prepare it for communication with a given slave.
223 * This must be called before doing any transfers with a SPI slave. It
224 * will enable and initialize any SPI hardware as necessary, and make
225 * sure that the SCK line is in the correct idle state. It is not
226 * allowed to claim the same bus for several slaves without releasing
227 * the bus in between.
229 * @slave: The SPI slave
231 * Returns: 0 if the bus was claimed successfully, or a negative value
234 int spi_claim_bus(struct spi_slave *slave);
237 * Release the SPI bus
239 * This must be called once for every call to spi_claim_bus() after
240 * all transfers have finished. It may disable any SPI hardware as
243 * @slave: The SPI slave
245 void spi_release_bus(struct spi_slave *slave);
248 * Set the word length for SPI transactions
250 * Set the word length (number of bits per word) for SPI transactions.
252 * @slave: The SPI slave
253 * @wordlen: The number of bits in a word
255 * Returns: 0 on success, -1 on failure.
257 int spi_set_wordlen(struct spi_slave *slave, unsigned int wordlen);
260 * SPI transfer (optional if mem_ops is used)
262 * This writes "bitlen" bits out the SPI MOSI port and simultaneously clocks
263 * "bitlen" bits in the SPI MISO port. That's just the way SPI works.
265 * The source of the outgoing bits is the "dout" parameter and the
266 * destination of the input bits is the "din" parameter. Note that "dout"
267 * and "din" can point to the same memory location, in which case the
268 * input data overwrites the output data (since both are buffered by
269 * temporary variables, this is OK).
271 * spi_xfer() interface:
272 * @slave: The SPI slave which will be sending/receiving the data.
273 * @bitlen: How many bits to write and read.
274 * @dout: Pointer to a string of bits to send out. The bits are
275 * held in a byte array and are sent MSB first.
276 * @din: Pointer to a string of bits that will be filled in.
277 * @flags: A bitwise combination of SPI_XFER_* flags.
279 * Returns: 0 on success, not 0 on failure
281 int spi_xfer(struct spi_slave *slave, unsigned int bitlen, const void *dout,
282 void *din, unsigned long flags);
285 * spi_write_then_read - SPI synchronous write followed by read
287 * This performs a half duplex transaction in which the first transaction
288 * is to send the opcode and if the length of buf is non-zero then it start
289 * the second transaction as tx or rx based on the need from respective slave.
291 * @slave: The SPI slave device with which opcode/data will be exchanged
292 * @opcode: opcode used for specific transfer
293 * @n_opcode: size of opcode, in bytes
294 * @txbuf: buffer into which data to be written
295 * @rxbuf: buffer into which data will be read
296 * @n_buf: size of buf (whether it's [tx|rx]buf), in bytes
298 * Returns: 0 on success, not 0 on failure
300 int spi_write_then_read(struct spi_slave *slave, const u8 *opcode,
301 size_t n_opcode, const u8 *txbuf, u8 *rxbuf,
304 /* Copy memory mapped data */
305 void spi_flash_copy_mmap(void *data, void *offset, size_t len);
308 * Determine if a SPI chipselect is valid.
309 * This function is provided by the board if the low-level SPI driver
310 * needs it to determine if a given chipselect is actually valid.
312 * Returns: 1 if bus:cs identifies a valid chip on this board, 0
315 int spi_cs_is_valid(unsigned int bus, unsigned int cs);
318 * These names are used in several drivers and these declarations will be
319 * removed soon as part of the SPI DM migration. Drop them if driver model is
322 #if !CONFIG_IS_ENABLED(DM_SPI)
324 * Activate a SPI chipselect.
325 * This function is provided by the board code when using a driver
326 * that can't control its chipselects automatically (e.g.
327 * common/soft_spi.c). When called, it should activate the chip select
328 * to the device identified by "slave".
330 void spi_cs_activate(struct spi_slave *slave);
333 * Deactivate a SPI chipselect.
334 * This function is provided by the board code when using a driver
335 * that can't control its chipselects automatically (e.g.
336 * common/soft_spi.c). When called, it should deactivate the chip
337 * select to the device identified by "slave".
339 void spi_cs_deactivate(struct spi_slave *slave);
343 * Set transfer speed.
344 * This sets a new speed to be applied for next spi_xfer().
345 * @slave: The SPI slave
346 * @hz: The transfer speed
348 void spi_set_speed(struct spi_slave *slave, uint hz);
351 * Write 8 bits, then read 8 bits.
352 * @slave: The SPI slave we're communicating with
353 * @byte: Byte to be written
355 * Returns: The value that was read, or a negative value on error.
357 * TODO: This function probably shouldn't be inlined.
359 static inline int spi_w8r8(struct spi_slave *slave, unsigned char byte)
361 unsigned char dout[2];
362 unsigned char din[2];
368 ret = spi_xfer(slave, 16, dout, din, SPI_XFER_BEGIN | SPI_XFER_END);
369 return ret < 0 ? ret : din[1];
373 * struct spi_cs_info - Information about a bus chip select
375 * @dev: Connected device, or NULL if none
382 * struct struct dm_spi_ops - Driver model SPI operations
384 * The uclass interface is implemented by all SPI devices which use
389 * Claim the bus and prepare it for communication.
391 * The device provided is the slave device. It's parent controller
392 * will be used to provide the communication.
394 * This must be called before doing any transfers with a SPI slave. It
395 * will enable and initialize any SPI hardware as necessary, and make
396 * sure that the SCK line is in the correct idle state. It is not
397 * allowed to claim the same bus for several slaves without releasing
398 * the bus in between.
400 * @dev: The SPI slave
402 * Returns: 0 if the bus was claimed successfully, or a negative value
405 int (*claim_bus)(struct udevice *dev);
408 * Release the SPI bus
410 * This must be called once for every call to spi_claim_bus() after
411 * all transfers have finished. It may disable any SPI hardware as
414 * @dev: The SPI slave
416 int (*release_bus)(struct udevice *dev);
419 * Set the word length for SPI transactions
421 * Set the word length (number of bits per word) for SPI transactions.
423 * @bus: The SPI slave
424 * @wordlen: The number of bits in a word
426 * Returns: 0 on success, -ve on failure.
428 int (*set_wordlen)(struct udevice *dev, unsigned int wordlen);
433 * This writes "bitlen" bits out the SPI MOSI port and simultaneously
434 * clocks "bitlen" bits in the SPI MISO port. That's just the way SPI
437 * The source of the outgoing bits is the "dout" parameter and the
438 * destination of the input bits is the "din" parameter. Note that
439 * "dout" and "din" can point to the same memory location, in which
440 * case the input data overwrites the output data (since both are
441 * buffered by temporary variables, this is OK).
443 * spi_xfer() interface:
444 * @dev: The slave device to communicate with
445 * @bitlen: How many bits to write and read.
446 * @dout: Pointer to a string of bits to send out. The bits are
447 * held in a byte array and are sent MSB first.
448 * @din: Pointer to a string of bits that will be filled in.
449 * @flags: A bitwise combination of SPI_XFER_* flags.
451 * Returns: 0 on success, not -1 on failure
453 int (*xfer)(struct udevice *dev, unsigned int bitlen, const void *dout,
454 void *din, unsigned long flags);
457 * Optimized handlers for SPI memory-like operations.
459 * Optimized/dedicated operations for interactions with SPI memory. This
460 * field is optional and should only be implemented if the controller
461 * has native support for memory like operations.
463 const struct spi_controller_mem_ops *mem_ops;
466 * Set transfer speed.
467 * This sets a new speed to be applied for next spi_xfer().
469 * @hz: The transfer speed
470 * @return 0 if OK, -ve on error
472 int (*set_speed)(struct udevice *bus, uint hz);
475 * Set the SPI mode/flags
477 * It is unclear if we want to set speed and mode together instead
481 * @mode: Requested SPI mode (SPI_... flags)
482 * @return 0 if OK, -ve on error
484 int (*set_mode)(struct udevice *bus, uint mode);
487 * Get information on a chip select
489 * This is only called when the SPI uclass does not know about a
490 * chip select, i.e. it has no attached device. It gives the driver
491 * a chance to allow activity on that chip select even so.
494 * @cs: The chip select (0..n-1)
495 * @info: Returns information about the chip select, if valid.
496 * On entry info->dev is NULL
497 * @return 0 if OK (and @info is set up), -EINVAL if the chip select
498 * is invalid, other -ve value on error
500 int (*cs_info)(struct udevice *bus, uint cs, struct spi_cs_info *info);
503 * get_mmap() - Get memory-mapped SPI
505 * @dev: The SPI flash slave device
506 * @map_basep: Returns base memory address for mapped SPI
507 * @map_sizep: Returns size of mapped SPI
508 * @offsetp: Returns start offset of SPI flash where the map works
509 * correctly (offsets before this are not visible)
510 * @return 0 if OK, -EFAULT if memory mapping is not available
512 int (*get_mmap)(struct udevice *dev, ulong *map_basep,
513 uint *map_sizep, uint *offsetp);
516 struct dm_spi_emul_ops {
520 * This writes "bitlen" bits out the SPI MOSI port and simultaneously
521 * clocks "bitlen" bits in the SPI MISO port. That's just the way SPI
522 * works. Here the device is a slave.
524 * The source of the outgoing bits is the "dout" parameter and the
525 * destination of the input bits is the "din" parameter. Note that
526 * "dout" and "din" can point to the same memory location, in which
527 * case the input data overwrites the output data (since both are
528 * buffered by temporary variables, this is OK).
530 * spi_xfer() interface:
531 * @slave: The SPI slave which will be sending/receiving the data.
532 * @bitlen: How many bits to write and read.
533 * @dout: Pointer to a string of bits sent to the device. The
534 * bits are held in a byte array and are sent MSB first.
535 * @din: Pointer to a string of bits that will be sent back to
537 * @flags: A bitwise combination of SPI_XFER_* flags.
539 * Returns: 0 on success, not -1 on failure
541 int (*xfer)(struct udevice *slave, unsigned int bitlen,
542 const void *dout, void *din, unsigned long flags);
546 * spi_find_bus_and_cs() - Find bus and slave devices by number
548 * Given a bus number and chip select, this finds the corresponding bus
549 * device and slave device. Neither device is activated by this function,
550 * although they may have been activated previously.
552 * @busnum: SPI bus number
553 * @cs: Chip select to look for
554 * @busp: Returns bus device
555 * @devp: Return slave device
556 * @return 0 if found, -ENODEV on error
558 int spi_find_bus_and_cs(int busnum, int cs, struct udevice **busp,
559 struct udevice **devp);
562 * spi_get_bus_and_cs() - Find and activate bus and slave devices by number
564 * Given a bus number and chip select, this finds the corresponding bus
565 * device and slave device.
567 * If no such slave exists, and drv_name is not NULL, then a new slave device
568 * is automatically bound on this chip select with requested speed and mode.
570 * Ths new slave device is probed ready for use with the speed and mode
571 * from platdata when available or the requested values.
573 * @busnum: SPI bus number
574 * @cs: Chip select to look for
575 * @speed: SPI speed to use for this slave when not available in platdata
576 * @mode: SPI mode to use for this slave when not available in platdata
577 * @drv_name: Name of driver to attach to this chip select
578 * @dev_name: Name of the new device thus created
579 * @busp: Returns bus device
580 * @devp: Return slave device
581 * @return 0 if found, -ve on error
583 int spi_get_bus_and_cs(int busnum, int cs, int speed, int mode,
584 const char *drv_name, const char *dev_name,
585 struct udevice **busp, struct spi_slave **devp);
588 * spi_chip_select() - Get the chip select for a slave
590 * @return the chip select this slave is attached to
592 int spi_chip_select(struct udevice *slave);
595 * spi_find_chip_select() - Find the slave attached to chip select
597 * @bus: SPI bus to search
598 * @cs: Chip select to look for
599 * @devp: Returns the slave device if found
600 * @return 0 if found, -EINVAL if cs is invalid, -ENODEV if no device attached,
601 * other -ve value on error
603 int spi_find_chip_select(struct udevice *bus, int cs, struct udevice **devp);
606 * spi_slave_ofdata_to_platdata() - decode standard SPI platform data
608 * This decodes the speed and mode for a slave from a device tree node
610 * @blob: Device tree blob
611 * @node: Node offset to read from
612 * @plat: Place to put the decoded information
614 int spi_slave_ofdata_to_platdata(struct udevice *dev,
615 struct dm_spi_slave_platdata *plat);
618 * spi_cs_info() - Check information on a chip select
620 * This checks a particular chip select on a bus to see if it has a device
621 * attached, or is even valid.
624 * @cs: The chip select (0..n-1)
625 * @info: Returns information about the chip select, if valid
626 * @return 0 if OK (and @info is set up), -ENODEV if the chip select
627 * is invalid, other -ve value on error
629 int spi_cs_info(struct udevice *bus, uint cs, struct spi_cs_info *info);
631 struct sandbox_state;
634 * sandbox_spi_get_emul() - get an emulator for a SPI slave
636 * This provides a way to attach an emulated SPI device to a particular SPI
637 * slave, so that xfer() operations on the slave will be handled by the
638 * emulator. If a emulator already exists on that chip select it is returned.
639 * Otherwise one is created.
641 * @state: Sandbox state
642 * @bus: SPI bus requesting the emulator
643 * @slave: SPI slave device requesting the emulator
644 * @emuip: Returns pointer to emulator
645 * @return 0 if OK, -ve on error
647 int sandbox_spi_get_emul(struct sandbox_state *state,
648 struct udevice *bus, struct udevice *slave,
649 struct udevice **emulp);
652 * Claim the bus and prepare it for communication with a given slave.
654 * This must be called before doing any transfers with a SPI slave. It
655 * will enable and initialize any SPI hardware as necessary, and make
656 * sure that the SCK line is in the correct idle state. It is not
657 * allowed to claim the same bus for several slaves without releasing
658 * the bus in between.
660 * @dev: The SPI slave device
662 * Returns: 0 if the bus was claimed successfully, or a negative value
665 int dm_spi_claim_bus(struct udevice *dev);
668 * Release the SPI bus
670 * This must be called once for every call to dm_spi_claim_bus() after
671 * all transfers have finished. It may disable any SPI hardware as
674 * @slave: The SPI slave device
676 void dm_spi_release_bus(struct udevice *dev);
681 * This writes "bitlen" bits out the SPI MOSI port and simultaneously clocks
682 * "bitlen" bits in the SPI MISO port. That's just the way SPI works.
684 * The source of the outgoing bits is the "dout" parameter and the
685 * destination of the input bits is the "din" parameter. Note that "dout"
686 * and "din" can point to the same memory location, in which case the
687 * input data overwrites the output data (since both are buffered by
688 * temporary variables, this is OK).
690 * dm_spi_xfer() interface:
691 * @dev: The SPI slave device which will be sending/receiving the data.
692 * @bitlen: How many bits to write and read.
693 * @dout: Pointer to a string of bits to send out. The bits are
694 * held in a byte array and are sent MSB first.
695 * @din: Pointer to a string of bits that will be filled in.
696 * @flags: A bitwise combination of SPI_XFER_* flags.
698 * Returns: 0 on success, not 0 on failure
700 int dm_spi_xfer(struct udevice *dev, unsigned int bitlen,
701 const void *dout, void *din, unsigned long flags);
704 * spi_get_mmap() - Get memory-mapped SPI
706 * @dev: SPI slave device to check
707 * @map_basep: Returns base memory address for mapped SPI
708 * @map_sizep: Returns size of mapped SPI
709 * @offsetp: Returns start offset of SPI flash where the map works
710 * correctly (offsets before this are not visible)
711 * @return 0 if OK, -ENOSYS if no operation, -EFAULT if memory mapping is not
714 int dm_spi_get_mmap(struct udevice *dev, ulong *map_basep, uint *map_sizep,
717 /* Access the operations for a SPI device */
718 #define spi_get_ops(dev) ((struct dm_spi_ops *)(dev)->driver->ops)
719 #define spi_emul_get_ops(dev) ((struct dm_spi_emul_ops *)(dev)->driver->ops)