1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ */
3 * Common SPI Interface: Controller-specific definitions
6 * Gerald Van Baren, Custom IDEAS, vanbaren@cideas.com.
13 #include <linux/bitops.h>
16 #define SPI_CPHA BIT(0) /* clock phase (1 = SPI_CLOCK_PHASE_SECOND) */
17 #define SPI_CPOL BIT(1) /* clock polarity (1 = SPI_POLARITY_HIGH) */
18 #define SPI_MODE_0 (0|0) /* (original MicroWire) */
19 #define SPI_MODE_1 (0|SPI_CPHA)
20 #define SPI_MODE_2 (SPI_CPOL|0)
21 #define SPI_MODE_3 (SPI_CPOL|SPI_CPHA)
22 #define SPI_CS_HIGH BIT(2) /* CS active high */
23 #define SPI_LSB_FIRST BIT(3) /* per-word bits-on-wire */
24 #define SPI_3WIRE BIT(4) /* SI/SO signals shared */
25 #define SPI_LOOP BIT(5) /* loopback mode */
26 #define SPI_SLAVE BIT(6) /* slave mode */
27 #define SPI_PREAMBLE BIT(7) /* Skip preamble bytes */
28 #define SPI_TX_BYTE BIT(8) /* transmit with 1 wire byte */
29 #define SPI_TX_DUAL BIT(9) /* transmit with 2 wires */
30 #define SPI_TX_QUAD BIT(10) /* transmit with 4 wires */
31 #define SPI_RX_SLOW BIT(11) /* receive with 1 wire slow */
32 #define SPI_RX_DUAL BIT(12) /* receive with 2 wires */
33 #define SPI_RX_QUAD BIT(13) /* receive with 4 wires */
34 #define SPI_TX_OCTAL BIT(14) /* transmit with 8 wires */
35 #define SPI_RX_OCTAL BIT(15) /* receive with 8 wires */
37 /* Header byte that marks the start of the message */
38 #define SPI_PREAMBLE_END_BYTE 0xec
40 #define SPI_DEFAULT_WORDLEN 8
42 /* TODO(sjg@chromium.org): Remove this and use max_hz from struct spi_slave */
48 * struct dm_spi_platdata - platform data for all SPI slaves
50 * This describes a SPI slave, a child device of the SPI bus. To obtain this
51 * struct from a spi_slave, use dev_get_parent_platdata(dev) or
52 * dev_get_parent_platdata(slave->dev).
54 * This data is immutable. Each time the device is probed, @max_hz and @mode
55 * will be copied to struct spi_slave.
57 * @cs: Chip select number (0..n-1)
58 * @max_hz: Maximum bus speed that this slave can tolerate
59 * @mode: SPI mode to use for this device (see SPI mode flags)
61 struct dm_spi_slave_platdata {
68 * enum spi_clock_phase - indicates the clock phase to use for SPI (CPHA)
70 * @SPI_CLOCK_PHASE_FIRST: Data sampled on the first phase
71 * @SPI_CLOCK_PHASE_SECOND: Data sampled on the second phase
73 enum spi_clock_phase {
74 SPI_CLOCK_PHASE_FIRST,
75 SPI_CLOCK_PHASE_SECOND,
79 * enum spi_wire_mode - indicates the number of wires used for SPI
81 * @SPI_4_WIRE_MODE: Normal bidirectional mode with MOSI and MISO
82 * @SPI_3_WIRE_MODE: Unidirectional version with a single data line SISO
90 * enum spi_polarity - indicates the polarity of the SPI bus (CPOL)
92 * @SPI_POLARITY_LOW: Clock is low in idle state
93 * @SPI_POLARITY_HIGH: Clock is high in idle state
101 * struct spi_slave - Representation of a SPI slave
103 * For driver model this is the per-child data used by the SPI bus. It can
104 * be accessed using dev_get_parent_priv() on the slave device. The SPI uclass
105 * sets uip per_child_auto_alloc_size to sizeof(struct spi_slave), and the
106 * driver should not override it. Two platform data fields (max_hz and mode)
107 * are copied into this structure to provide an initial value. This allows
108 * them to be changed, since we should never change platform data in drivers.
110 * If not using driver model, drivers are expected to extend this with
111 * controller-specific data.
113 * @dev: SPI slave device
114 * @max_hz: Maximum speed for this slave
115 * @speed: Current bus speed. This is 0 until the bus is first
117 * @bus: ID of the bus that the slave is attached to. For
118 * driver model this is the sequence number of the SPI
119 * bus (bus->seq) so does not need to be stored
120 * @cs: ID of the chip select connected to the slave.
121 * @mode: SPI mode to use for this slave (see SPI mode flags)
122 * @wordlen: Size of SPI word in number of bits
123 * @max_read_size: If non-zero, the maximum number of bytes which can
125 * @max_write_size: If non-zero, the maximum number of bytes which can
126 * be written at once.
127 * @memory_map: Address of read-only SPI flash access.
128 * @flags: Indication of SPI flags.
131 #if CONFIG_IS_ENABLED(DM_SPI)
132 struct udevice *dev; /* struct spi_slave is dev->parentdata */
140 unsigned int wordlen;
141 unsigned int max_read_size;
142 unsigned int max_write_size;
146 #define SPI_XFER_BEGIN BIT(0) /* Assert CS before transfer */
147 #define SPI_XFER_END BIT(1) /* Deassert CS after transfer */
148 #define SPI_XFER_ONCE (SPI_XFER_BEGIN | SPI_XFER_END)
152 * spi_do_alloc_slave - Allocate a new SPI slave (internal)
154 * Allocate and zero all fields in the spi slave, and set the bus/chip
155 * select. Use the helper macro spi_alloc_slave() to call this.
157 * @offset: Offset of struct spi_slave within slave structure.
158 * @size: Size of slave structure.
159 * @bus: Bus ID of the slave chip.
160 * @cs: Chip select ID of the slave chip on the specified bus.
162 void *spi_do_alloc_slave(int offset, int size, unsigned int bus,
166 * spi_alloc_slave - Allocate a new SPI slave
168 * Allocate and zero all fields in the spi slave, and set the bus/chip
171 * @_struct: Name of structure to allocate (e.g. struct tegra_spi).
172 * This structure must contain a member 'struct spi_slave *slave'.
173 * @bus: Bus ID of the slave chip.
174 * @cs: Chip select ID of the slave chip on the specified bus.
176 #define spi_alloc_slave(_struct, bus, cs) \
177 spi_do_alloc_slave(offsetof(_struct, slave), \
178 sizeof(_struct), bus, cs)
181 * spi_alloc_slave_base - Allocate a new SPI slave with no private data
183 * Allocate and zero all fields in the spi slave, and set the bus/chip
186 * @bus: Bus ID of the slave chip.
187 * @cs: Chip select ID of the slave chip on the specified bus.
189 #define spi_alloc_slave_base(bus, cs) \
190 spi_do_alloc_slave(0, sizeof(struct spi_slave), bus, cs)
193 * Set up communications parameters for a SPI slave.
195 * This must be called once for each slave. Note that this function
196 * usually doesn't touch any actual hardware, it only initializes the
197 * contents of spi_slave so that the hardware can be easily
200 * @bus: Bus ID of the slave chip.
201 * @cs: Chip select ID of the slave chip on the specified bus.
202 * @max_hz: Maximum SCK rate in Hz.
203 * @mode: Clock polarity, clock phase and other parameters.
205 * Returns: A spi_slave reference that can be used in subsequent SPI
206 * calls, or NULL if one or more of the parameters are not supported.
208 struct spi_slave *spi_setup_slave(unsigned int bus, unsigned int cs,
209 unsigned int max_hz, unsigned int mode);
212 * Free any memory associated with a SPI slave.
214 * @slave: The SPI slave
216 void spi_free_slave(struct spi_slave *slave);
219 * Claim the bus and prepare it for communication with a given slave.
221 * This must be called before doing any transfers with a SPI slave. It
222 * will enable and initialize any SPI hardware as necessary, and make
223 * sure that the SCK line is in the correct idle state. It is not
224 * allowed to claim the same bus for several slaves without releasing
225 * the bus in between.
227 * @slave: The SPI slave
229 * Returns: 0 if the bus was claimed successfully, or a negative value
232 int spi_claim_bus(struct spi_slave *slave);
235 * Release the SPI bus
237 * This must be called once for every call to spi_claim_bus() after
238 * all transfers have finished. It may disable any SPI hardware as
241 * @slave: The SPI slave
243 void spi_release_bus(struct spi_slave *slave);
246 * Set the word length for SPI transactions
248 * Set the word length (number of bits per word) for SPI transactions.
250 * @slave: The SPI slave
251 * @wordlen: The number of bits in a word
253 * Returns: 0 on success, -1 on failure.
255 int spi_set_wordlen(struct spi_slave *slave, unsigned int wordlen);
258 * SPI transfer (optional if mem_ops is used)
260 * This writes "bitlen" bits out the SPI MOSI port and simultaneously clocks
261 * "bitlen" bits in the SPI MISO port. That's just the way SPI works.
263 * The source of the outgoing bits is the "dout" parameter and the
264 * destination of the input bits is the "din" parameter. Note that "dout"
265 * and "din" can point to the same memory location, in which case the
266 * input data overwrites the output data (since both are buffered by
267 * temporary variables, this is OK).
269 * spi_xfer() interface:
270 * @slave: The SPI slave which will be sending/receiving the data.
271 * @bitlen: How many bits to write and read.
272 * @dout: Pointer to a string of bits to send out. The bits are
273 * held in a byte array and are sent MSB first.
274 * @din: Pointer to a string of bits that will be filled in.
275 * @flags: A bitwise combination of SPI_XFER_* flags.
277 * Returns: 0 on success, not 0 on failure
279 int spi_xfer(struct spi_slave *slave, unsigned int bitlen, const void *dout,
280 void *din, unsigned long flags);
283 * spi_write_then_read - SPI synchronous write followed by read
285 * This performs a half duplex transaction in which the first transaction
286 * is to send the opcode and if the length of buf is non-zero then it start
287 * the second transaction as tx or rx based on the need from respective slave.
289 * @slave: The SPI slave device with which opcode/data will be exchanged
290 * @opcode: opcode used for specific transfer
291 * @n_opcode: size of opcode, in bytes
292 * @txbuf: buffer into which data to be written
293 * @rxbuf: buffer into which data will be read
294 * @n_buf: size of buf (whether it's [tx|rx]buf), in bytes
296 * Returns: 0 on success, not 0 on failure
298 int spi_write_then_read(struct spi_slave *slave, const u8 *opcode,
299 size_t n_opcode, const u8 *txbuf, u8 *rxbuf,
302 /* Copy memory mapped data */
303 void spi_flash_copy_mmap(void *data, void *offset, size_t len);
306 * Determine if a SPI chipselect is valid.
307 * This function is provided by the board if the low-level SPI driver
308 * needs it to determine if a given chipselect is actually valid.
310 * Returns: 1 if bus:cs identifies a valid chip on this board, 0
313 int spi_cs_is_valid(unsigned int bus, unsigned int cs);
316 * These names are used in several drivers and these declarations will be
317 * removed soon as part of the SPI DM migration. Drop them if driver model is
320 #if !CONFIG_IS_ENABLED(DM_SPI)
322 * Activate a SPI chipselect.
323 * This function is provided by the board code when using a driver
324 * that can't control its chipselects automatically (e.g.
325 * common/soft_spi.c). When called, it should activate the chip select
326 * to the device identified by "slave".
328 void spi_cs_activate(struct spi_slave *slave);
331 * Deactivate a SPI chipselect.
332 * This function is provided by the board code when using a driver
333 * that can't control its chipselects automatically (e.g.
334 * common/soft_spi.c). When called, it should deactivate the chip
335 * select to the device identified by "slave".
337 void spi_cs_deactivate(struct spi_slave *slave);
341 * Set transfer speed.
342 * This sets a new speed to be applied for next spi_xfer().
343 * @slave: The SPI slave
344 * @hz: The transfer speed
346 void spi_set_speed(struct spi_slave *slave, uint hz);
349 * Write 8 bits, then read 8 bits.
350 * @slave: The SPI slave we're communicating with
351 * @byte: Byte to be written
353 * Returns: The value that was read, or a negative value on error.
355 * TODO: This function probably shouldn't be inlined.
357 static inline int spi_w8r8(struct spi_slave *slave, unsigned char byte)
359 unsigned char dout[2];
360 unsigned char din[2];
366 ret = spi_xfer(slave, 16, dout, din, SPI_XFER_BEGIN | SPI_XFER_END);
367 return ret < 0 ? ret : din[1];
371 * struct spi_cs_info - Information about a bus chip select
373 * @dev: Connected device, or NULL if none
380 * struct struct dm_spi_ops - Driver model SPI operations
382 * The uclass interface is implemented by all SPI devices which use
387 * Claim the bus and prepare it for communication.
389 * The device provided is the slave device. It's parent controller
390 * will be used to provide the communication.
392 * This must be called before doing any transfers with a SPI slave. It
393 * will enable and initialize any SPI hardware as necessary, and make
394 * sure that the SCK line is in the correct idle state. It is not
395 * allowed to claim the same bus for several slaves without releasing
396 * the bus in between.
398 * @dev: The SPI slave
400 * Returns: 0 if the bus was claimed successfully, or a negative value
403 int (*claim_bus)(struct udevice *dev);
406 * Release the SPI bus
408 * This must be called once for every call to spi_claim_bus() after
409 * all transfers have finished. It may disable any SPI hardware as
412 * @dev: The SPI slave
414 int (*release_bus)(struct udevice *dev);
417 * Set the word length for SPI transactions
419 * Set the word length (number of bits per word) for SPI transactions.
421 * @bus: The SPI slave
422 * @wordlen: The number of bits in a word
424 * Returns: 0 on success, -ve on failure.
426 int (*set_wordlen)(struct udevice *dev, unsigned int wordlen);
431 * This writes "bitlen" bits out the SPI MOSI port and simultaneously
432 * clocks "bitlen" bits in the SPI MISO port. That's just the way SPI
435 * The source of the outgoing bits is the "dout" parameter and the
436 * destination of the input bits is the "din" parameter. Note that
437 * "dout" and "din" can point to the same memory location, in which
438 * case the input data overwrites the output data (since both are
439 * buffered by temporary variables, this is OK).
441 * spi_xfer() interface:
442 * @dev: The slave device to communicate with
443 * @bitlen: How many bits to write and read.
444 * @dout: Pointer to a string of bits to send out. The bits are
445 * held in a byte array and are sent MSB first.
446 * @din: Pointer to a string of bits that will be filled in.
447 * @flags: A bitwise combination of SPI_XFER_* flags.
449 * Returns: 0 on success, not -1 on failure
451 int (*xfer)(struct udevice *dev, unsigned int bitlen, const void *dout,
452 void *din, unsigned long flags);
455 * Optimized handlers for SPI memory-like operations.
457 * Optimized/dedicated operations for interactions with SPI memory. This
458 * field is optional and should only be implemented if the controller
459 * has native support for memory like operations.
461 const struct spi_controller_mem_ops *mem_ops;
464 * Set transfer speed.
465 * This sets a new speed to be applied for next spi_xfer().
467 * @hz: The transfer speed
468 * @return 0 if OK, -ve on error
470 int (*set_speed)(struct udevice *bus, uint hz);
473 * Set the SPI mode/flags
475 * It is unclear if we want to set speed and mode together instead
479 * @mode: Requested SPI mode (SPI_... flags)
480 * @return 0 if OK, -ve on error
482 int (*set_mode)(struct udevice *bus, uint mode);
485 * Get information on a chip select
487 * This is only called when the SPI uclass does not know about a
488 * chip select, i.e. it has no attached device. It gives the driver
489 * a chance to allow activity on that chip select even so.
492 * @cs: The chip select (0..n-1)
493 * @info: Returns information about the chip select, if valid.
494 * On entry info->dev is NULL
495 * @return 0 if OK (and @info is set up), -EINVAL if the chip select
496 * is invalid, other -ve value on error
498 int (*cs_info)(struct udevice *bus, uint cs, struct spi_cs_info *info);
501 * get_mmap() - Get memory-mapped SPI
503 * @dev: The SPI flash slave device
504 * @map_basep: Returns base memory address for mapped SPI
505 * @map_sizep: Returns size of mapped SPI
506 * @offsetp: Returns start offset of SPI flash where the map works
507 * correctly (offsets before this are not visible)
508 * @return 0 if OK, -EFAULT if memory mapping is not available
510 int (*get_mmap)(struct udevice *dev, ulong *map_basep,
511 uint *map_sizep, uint *offsetp);
514 struct dm_spi_emul_ops {
518 * This writes "bitlen" bits out the SPI MOSI port and simultaneously
519 * clocks "bitlen" bits in the SPI MISO port. That's just the way SPI
520 * works. Here the device is a slave.
522 * The source of the outgoing bits is the "dout" parameter and the
523 * destination of the input bits is the "din" parameter. Note that
524 * "dout" and "din" can point to the same memory location, in which
525 * case the input data overwrites the output data (since both are
526 * buffered by temporary variables, this is OK).
528 * spi_xfer() interface:
529 * @slave: The SPI slave which will be sending/receiving the data.
530 * @bitlen: How many bits to write and read.
531 * @dout: Pointer to a string of bits sent to the device. The
532 * bits are held in a byte array and are sent MSB first.
533 * @din: Pointer to a string of bits that will be sent back to
535 * @flags: A bitwise combination of SPI_XFER_* flags.
537 * Returns: 0 on success, not -1 on failure
539 int (*xfer)(struct udevice *slave, unsigned int bitlen,
540 const void *dout, void *din, unsigned long flags);
544 * spi_find_bus_and_cs() - Find bus and slave devices by number
546 * Given a bus number and chip select, this finds the corresponding bus
547 * device and slave device. Neither device is activated by this function,
548 * although they may have been activated previously.
550 * @busnum: SPI bus number
551 * @cs: Chip select to look for
552 * @busp: Returns bus device
553 * @devp: Return slave device
554 * @return 0 if found, -ENODEV on error
556 int spi_find_bus_and_cs(int busnum, int cs, struct udevice **busp,
557 struct udevice **devp);
560 * spi_get_bus_and_cs() - Find and activate bus and slave devices by number
562 * Given a bus number and chip select, this finds the corresponding bus
563 * device and slave device.
565 * If no such slave exists, and drv_name is not NULL, then a new slave device
566 * is automatically bound on this chip select with requested speed and mode.
568 * Ths new slave device is probed ready for use with the speed and mode
569 * from platdata when available or the requested values.
571 * @busnum: SPI bus number
572 * @cs: Chip select to look for
573 * @speed: SPI speed to use for this slave when not available in platdata
574 * @mode: SPI mode to use for this slave when not available in platdata
575 * @drv_name: Name of driver to attach to this chip select
576 * @dev_name: Name of the new device thus created
577 * @busp: Returns bus device
578 * @devp: Return slave device
579 * @return 0 if found, -ve on error
581 int spi_get_bus_and_cs(int busnum, int cs, int speed, int mode,
582 const char *drv_name, const char *dev_name,
583 struct udevice **busp, struct spi_slave **devp);
586 * spi_chip_select() - Get the chip select for a slave
588 * @return the chip select this slave is attached to
590 int spi_chip_select(struct udevice *slave);
593 * spi_find_chip_select() - Find the slave attached to chip select
595 * @bus: SPI bus to search
596 * @cs: Chip select to look for
597 * @devp: Returns the slave device if found
598 * @return 0 if found, -EINVAL if cs is invalid, -ENODEV if no device attached,
599 * other -ve value on error
601 int spi_find_chip_select(struct udevice *bus, int cs, struct udevice **devp);
604 * spi_slave_ofdata_to_platdata() - decode standard SPI platform data
606 * This decodes the speed and mode for a slave from a device tree node
608 * @blob: Device tree blob
609 * @node: Node offset to read from
610 * @plat: Place to put the decoded information
612 int spi_slave_ofdata_to_platdata(struct udevice *dev,
613 struct dm_spi_slave_platdata *plat);
616 * spi_cs_info() - Check information on a chip select
618 * This checks a particular chip select on a bus to see if it has a device
619 * attached, or is even valid.
622 * @cs: The chip select (0..n-1)
623 * @info: Returns information about the chip select, if valid
624 * @return 0 if OK (and @info is set up), -ENODEV if the chip select
625 * is invalid, other -ve value on error
627 int spi_cs_info(struct udevice *bus, uint cs, struct spi_cs_info *info);
629 struct sandbox_state;
632 * sandbox_spi_get_emul() - get an emulator for a SPI slave
634 * This provides a way to attach an emulated SPI device to a particular SPI
635 * slave, so that xfer() operations on the slave will be handled by the
636 * emulator. If a emulator already exists on that chip select it is returned.
637 * Otherwise one is created.
639 * @state: Sandbox state
640 * @bus: SPI bus requesting the emulator
641 * @slave: SPI slave device requesting the emulator
642 * @emuip: Returns pointer to emulator
643 * @return 0 if OK, -ve on error
645 int sandbox_spi_get_emul(struct sandbox_state *state,
646 struct udevice *bus, struct udevice *slave,
647 struct udevice **emulp);
650 * Claim the bus and prepare it for communication with a given slave.
652 * This must be called before doing any transfers with a SPI slave. It
653 * will enable and initialize any SPI hardware as necessary, and make
654 * sure that the SCK line is in the correct idle state. It is not
655 * allowed to claim the same bus for several slaves without releasing
656 * the bus in between.
658 * @dev: The SPI slave device
660 * Returns: 0 if the bus was claimed successfully, or a negative value
663 int dm_spi_claim_bus(struct udevice *dev);
666 * Release the SPI bus
668 * This must be called once for every call to dm_spi_claim_bus() after
669 * all transfers have finished. It may disable any SPI hardware as
672 * @slave: The SPI slave device
674 void dm_spi_release_bus(struct udevice *dev);
679 * This writes "bitlen" bits out the SPI MOSI port and simultaneously clocks
680 * "bitlen" bits in the SPI MISO port. That's just the way SPI works.
682 * The source of the outgoing bits is the "dout" parameter and the
683 * destination of the input bits is the "din" parameter. Note that "dout"
684 * and "din" can point to the same memory location, in which case the
685 * input data overwrites the output data (since both are buffered by
686 * temporary variables, this is OK).
688 * dm_spi_xfer() interface:
689 * @dev: The SPI slave device which will be sending/receiving the data.
690 * @bitlen: How many bits to write and read.
691 * @dout: Pointer to a string of bits to send out. The bits are
692 * held in a byte array and are sent MSB first.
693 * @din: Pointer to a string of bits that will be filled in.
694 * @flags: A bitwise combination of SPI_XFER_* flags.
696 * Returns: 0 on success, not 0 on failure
698 int dm_spi_xfer(struct udevice *dev, unsigned int bitlen,
699 const void *dout, void *din, unsigned long flags);
702 * spi_get_mmap() - Get memory-mapped SPI
704 * @dev: SPI slave device to check
705 * @map_basep: Returns base memory address for mapped SPI
706 * @map_sizep: Returns size of mapped SPI
707 * @offsetp: Returns start offset of SPI flash where the map works
708 * correctly (offsets before this are not visible)
709 * @return 0 if OK, -ENOSYS if no operation, -EFAULT if memory mapping is not
712 int dm_spi_get_mmap(struct udevice *dev, ulong *map_basep, uint *map_sizep,
715 /* Access the operations for a SPI device */
716 #define spi_get_ops(dev) ((struct dm_spi_ops *)(dev)->driver->ops)
717 #define spi_emul_get_ops(dev) ((struct dm_spi_emul_ops *)(dev)->driver->ops)