1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
3 * Fast and scalable bitmaps.
5 * Copyright (C) 2016 Facebook
6 * Copyright (C) 2013-2014 Jens Axboe
9 #ifndef __LINUX_SCALE_BITMAP_H
10 #define __LINUX_SCALE_BITMAP_H
12 #include <linux/kernel.h>
13 #include <linux/slab.h>
18 * struct sbitmap_word - Word in a &struct sbitmap.
22 * @depth: Number of bits being used in @word/@cleared
27 * @word: word holding free bits
29 unsigned long word ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
32 * @cleared: word holding cleared bits
34 unsigned long cleared ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
35 } ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
38 * struct sbitmap - Scalable bitmap.
40 * A &struct sbitmap is spread over multiple cachelines to avoid ping-pong. This
41 * trades off higher memory usage for better scalability.
45 * @depth: Number of bits used in the whole bitmap.
50 * @shift: log2(number of bits used per word)
55 * @map_nr: Number of words (cachelines) being used for the bitmap.
60 * @map: Allocated bitmap.
62 struct sbitmap_word *map;
65 #define SBQ_WAIT_QUEUES 8
66 #define SBQ_WAKE_BATCH 8
69 * struct sbq_wait_state - Wait queue in a &struct sbitmap_queue.
71 struct sbq_wait_state {
73 * @wait_cnt: Number of frees remaining before we wake up.
80 wait_queue_head_t wait;
81 } ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
84 * struct sbitmap_queue - Scalable bitmap with the added ability to wait on free
87 * A &struct sbitmap_queue uses multiple wait queues and rolling wakeups to
88 * avoid contention on the wait queue spinlock. This ensures that we don't hit a
89 * scalability wall when we run out of free bits and have to start putting tasks
92 struct sbitmap_queue {
94 * @sb: Scalable bitmap.
99 * @alloc_hint: Cache of last successfully allocated or freed bit.
101 * This is per-cpu, which allows multiple users to stick to different
102 * cachelines until the map is exhausted.
104 unsigned int __percpu *alloc_hint;
107 * @wake_batch: Number of bits which must be freed before we wake up any
110 unsigned int wake_batch;
113 * @wake_index: Next wait queue in @ws to wake up.
120 struct sbq_wait_state *ws;
123 * @ws_active: count of currently active ws waitqueues
128 * @round_robin: Allocate bits in strict round-robin order.
133 * @min_shallow_depth: The minimum shallow depth which may be passed to
134 * sbitmap_queue_get_shallow() or __sbitmap_queue_get_shallow().
136 unsigned int min_shallow_depth;
140 * sbitmap_init_node() - Initialize a &struct sbitmap on a specific memory node.
141 * @sb: Bitmap to initialize.
142 * @depth: Number of bits to allocate.
143 * @shift: Use 2^@shift bits per word in the bitmap; if a negative number if
144 * given, a good default is chosen.
145 * @flags: Allocation flags.
146 * @node: Memory node to allocate on.
148 * Return: Zero on success or negative errno on failure.
150 int sbitmap_init_node(struct sbitmap *sb, unsigned int depth, int shift,
151 gfp_t flags, int node);
154 * sbitmap_free() - Free memory used by a &struct sbitmap.
155 * @sb: Bitmap to free.
157 static inline void sbitmap_free(struct sbitmap *sb)
164 * sbitmap_resize() - Resize a &struct sbitmap.
165 * @sb: Bitmap to resize.
166 * @depth: New number of bits to resize to.
168 * Doesn't reallocate anything. It's up to the caller to ensure that the new
169 * depth doesn't exceed the depth that the sb was initialized with.
171 void sbitmap_resize(struct sbitmap *sb, unsigned int depth);
174 * sbitmap_get() - Try to allocate a free bit from a &struct sbitmap.
175 * @sb: Bitmap to allocate from.
176 * @alloc_hint: Hint for where to start searching for a free bit.
177 * @round_robin: If true, be stricter about allocation order; always allocate
178 * starting from the last allocated bit. This is less efficient
179 * than the default behavior (false).
181 * This operation provides acquire barrier semantics if it succeeds.
183 * Return: Non-negative allocated bit number if successful, -1 otherwise.
185 int sbitmap_get(struct sbitmap *sb, unsigned int alloc_hint, bool round_robin);
188 * sbitmap_get_shallow() - Try to allocate a free bit from a &struct sbitmap,
189 * limiting the depth used from each word.
190 * @sb: Bitmap to allocate from.
191 * @alloc_hint: Hint for where to start searching for a free bit.
192 * @shallow_depth: The maximum number of bits to allocate from a single word.
194 * This rather specific operation allows for having multiple users with
195 * different allocation limits. E.g., there can be a high-priority class that
196 * uses sbitmap_get() and a low-priority class that uses sbitmap_get_shallow()
197 * with a @shallow_depth of (1 << (@sb->shift - 1)). Then, the low-priority
198 * class can only allocate half of the total bits in the bitmap, preventing it
199 * from starving out the high-priority class.
201 * Return: Non-negative allocated bit number if successful, -1 otherwise.
203 int sbitmap_get_shallow(struct sbitmap *sb, unsigned int alloc_hint,
204 unsigned long shallow_depth);
207 * sbitmap_any_bit_set() - Check for a set bit in a &struct sbitmap.
208 * @sb: Bitmap to check.
210 * Return: true if any bit in the bitmap is set, false otherwise.
212 bool sbitmap_any_bit_set(const struct sbitmap *sb);
214 #define SB_NR_TO_INDEX(sb, bitnr) ((bitnr) >> (sb)->shift)
215 #define SB_NR_TO_BIT(sb, bitnr) ((bitnr) & ((1U << (sb)->shift) - 1U))
217 typedef bool (*sb_for_each_fn)(struct sbitmap *, unsigned int, void *);
220 * __sbitmap_for_each_set() - Iterate over each set bit in a &struct sbitmap.
221 * @start: Where to start the iteration.
222 * @sb: Bitmap to iterate over.
223 * @fn: Callback. Should return true to continue or false to break early.
224 * @data: Pointer to pass to callback.
226 * This is inline even though it's non-trivial so that the function calls to the
227 * callback will hopefully get optimized away.
229 static inline void __sbitmap_for_each_set(struct sbitmap *sb,
231 sb_for_each_fn fn, void *data)
235 unsigned int scanned = 0;
237 if (start >= sb->depth)
239 index = SB_NR_TO_INDEX(sb, start);
240 nr = SB_NR_TO_BIT(sb, start);
242 while (scanned < sb->depth) {
244 unsigned int depth = min_t(unsigned int,
245 sb->map[index].depth - nr,
246 sb->depth - scanned);
249 word = sb->map[index].word & ~sb->map[index].cleared;
254 * On the first iteration of the outer loop, we need to add the
255 * bit offset back to the size of the word for find_next_bit().
256 * On all other iterations, nr is zero, so this is a noop.
260 nr = find_next_bit(&word, depth, nr);
263 if (!fn(sb, (index << sb->shift) + nr, data))
270 if (++index >= sb->map_nr)
276 * sbitmap_for_each_set() - Iterate over each set bit in a &struct sbitmap.
277 * @sb: Bitmap to iterate over.
278 * @fn: Callback. Should return true to continue or false to break early.
279 * @data: Pointer to pass to callback.
281 static inline void sbitmap_for_each_set(struct sbitmap *sb, sb_for_each_fn fn,
284 __sbitmap_for_each_set(sb, 0, fn, data);
287 static inline unsigned long *__sbitmap_word(struct sbitmap *sb,
290 return &sb->map[SB_NR_TO_INDEX(sb, bitnr)].word;
293 /* Helpers equivalent to the operations in asm/bitops.h and linux/bitmap.h */
295 static inline void sbitmap_set_bit(struct sbitmap *sb, unsigned int bitnr)
297 set_bit(SB_NR_TO_BIT(sb, bitnr), __sbitmap_word(sb, bitnr));
300 static inline void sbitmap_clear_bit(struct sbitmap *sb, unsigned int bitnr)
302 clear_bit(SB_NR_TO_BIT(sb, bitnr), __sbitmap_word(sb, bitnr));
306 * This one is special, since it doesn't actually clear the bit, rather it
307 * sets the corresponding bit in the ->cleared mask instead. Paired with
308 * the caller doing sbitmap_deferred_clear() if a given index is full, which
309 * will clear the previously freed entries in the corresponding ->word.
311 static inline void sbitmap_deferred_clear_bit(struct sbitmap *sb, unsigned int bitnr)
313 unsigned long *addr = &sb->map[SB_NR_TO_INDEX(sb, bitnr)].cleared;
315 set_bit(SB_NR_TO_BIT(sb, bitnr), addr);
318 static inline void sbitmap_clear_bit_unlock(struct sbitmap *sb,
321 clear_bit_unlock(SB_NR_TO_BIT(sb, bitnr), __sbitmap_word(sb, bitnr));
324 static inline int sbitmap_test_bit(struct sbitmap *sb, unsigned int bitnr)
326 return test_bit(SB_NR_TO_BIT(sb, bitnr), __sbitmap_word(sb, bitnr));
330 * sbitmap_show() - Dump &struct sbitmap information to a &struct seq_file.
331 * @sb: Bitmap to show.
332 * @m: struct seq_file to write to.
334 * This is intended for debugging. The format may change at any time.
336 void sbitmap_show(struct sbitmap *sb, struct seq_file *m);
339 * sbitmap_bitmap_show() - Write a hex dump of a &struct sbitmap to a &struct
341 * @sb: Bitmap to show.
342 * @m: struct seq_file to write to.
344 * This is intended for debugging. The output isn't guaranteed to be internally
347 void sbitmap_bitmap_show(struct sbitmap *sb, struct seq_file *m);
350 * sbitmap_queue_init_node() - Initialize a &struct sbitmap_queue on a specific
352 * @sbq: Bitmap queue to initialize.
353 * @depth: See sbitmap_init_node().
354 * @shift: See sbitmap_init_node().
355 * @round_robin: See sbitmap_get().
356 * @flags: Allocation flags.
357 * @node: Memory node to allocate on.
359 * Return: Zero on success or negative errno on failure.
361 int sbitmap_queue_init_node(struct sbitmap_queue *sbq, unsigned int depth,
362 int shift, bool round_robin, gfp_t flags, int node);
365 * sbitmap_queue_free() - Free memory used by a &struct sbitmap_queue.
367 * @sbq: Bitmap queue to free.
369 static inline void sbitmap_queue_free(struct sbitmap_queue *sbq)
372 free_percpu(sbq->alloc_hint);
373 sbitmap_free(&sbq->sb);
377 * sbitmap_queue_resize() - Resize a &struct sbitmap_queue.
378 * @sbq: Bitmap queue to resize.
379 * @depth: New number of bits to resize to.
381 * Like sbitmap_resize(), this doesn't reallocate anything. It has to do
382 * some extra work on the &struct sbitmap_queue, so it's not safe to just
383 * resize the underlying &struct sbitmap.
385 void sbitmap_queue_resize(struct sbitmap_queue *sbq, unsigned int depth);
388 * __sbitmap_queue_get() - Try to allocate a free bit from a &struct
389 * sbitmap_queue with preemption already disabled.
390 * @sbq: Bitmap queue to allocate from.
392 * Return: Non-negative allocated bit number if successful, -1 otherwise.
394 int __sbitmap_queue_get(struct sbitmap_queue *sbq);
397 * __sbitmap_queue_get_shallow() - Try to allocate a free bit from a &struct
398 * sbitmap_queue, limiting the depth used from each word, with preemption
400 * @sbq: Bitmap queue to allocate from.
401 * @shallow_depth: The maximum number of bits to allocate from a single word.
402 * See sbitmap_get_shallow().
404 * If you call this, make sure to call sbitmap_queue_min_shallow_depth() after
407 * Return: Non-negative allocated bit number if successful, -1 otherwise.
409 int __sbitmap_queue_get_shallow(struct sbitmap_queue *sbq,
410 unsigned int shallow_depth);
413 * sbitmap_queue_get() - Try to allocate a free bit from a &struct
415 * @sbq: Bitmap queue to allocate from.
416 * @cpu: Output parameter; will contain the CPU we ran on (e.g., to be passed to
417 * sbitmap_queue_clear()).
419 * Return: Non-negative allocated bit number if successful, -1 otherwise.
421 static inline int sbitmap_queue_get(struct sbitmap_queue *sbq,
427 nr = __sbitmap_queue_get(sbq);
433 * sbitmap_queue_get_shallow() - Try to allocate a free bit from a &struct
434 * sbitmap_queue, limiting the depth used from each word.
435 * @sbq: Bitmap queue to allocate from.
436 * @cpu: Output parameter; will contain the CPU we ran on (e.g., to be passed to
437 * sbitmap_queue_clear()).
438 * @shallow_depth: The maximum number of bits to allocate from a single word.
439 * See sbitmap_get_shallow().
441 * If you call this, make sure to call sbitmap_queue_min_shallow_depth() after
444 * Return: Non-negative allocated bit number if successful, -1 otherwise.
446 static inline int sbitmap_queue_get_shallow(struct sbitmap_queue *sbq,
448 unsigned int shallow_depth)
453 nr = __sbitmap_queue_get_shallow(sbq, shallow_depth);
459 * sbitmap_queue_min_shallow_depth() - Inform a &struct sbitmap_queue of the
460 * minimum shallow depth that will be used.
461 * @sbq: Bitmap queue in question.
462 * @min_shallow_depth: The minimum shallow depth that will be passed to
463 * sbitmap_queue_get_shallow() or __sbitmap_queue_get_shallow().
465 * sbitmap_queue_clear() batches wakeups as an optimization. The batch size
466 * depends on the depth of the bitmap. Since the shallow allocation functions
467 * effectively operate with a different depth, the shallow depth must be taken
468 * into account when calculating the batch size. This function must be called
469 * with the minimum shallow depth that will be used. Failure to do so can result
472 void sbitmap_queue_min_shallow_depth(struct sbitmap_queue *sbq,
473 unsigned int min_shallow_depth);
476 * sbitmap_queue_clear() - Free an allocated bit and wake up waiters on a
477 * &struct sbitmap_queue.
478 * @sbq: Bitmap to free from.
479 * @nr: Bit number to free.
480 * @cpu: CPU the bit was allocated on.
482 void sbitmap_queue_clear(struct sbitmap_queue *sbq, unsigned int nr,
485 static inline int sbq_index_inc(int index)
487 return (index + 1) & (SBQ_WAIT_QUEUES - 1);
490 static inline void sbq_index_atomic_inc(atomic_t *index)
492 int old = atomic_read(index);
493 int new = sbq_index_inc(old);
494 atomic_cmpxchg(index, old, new);
498 * sbq_wait_ptr() - Get the next wait queue to use for a &struct
500 * @sbq: Bitmap queue to wait on.
501 * @wait_index: A counter per "user" of @sbq.
503 static inline struct sbq_wait_state *sbq_wait_ptr(struct sbitmap_queue *sbq,
504 atomic_t *wait_index)
506 struct sbq_wait_state *ws;
508 ws = &sbq->ws[atomic_read(wait_index)];
509 sbq_index_atomic_inc(wait_index);
514 * sbitmap_queue_wake_all() - Wake up everything waiting on a &struct
516 * @sbq: Bitmap queue to wake up.
518 void sbitmap_queue_wake_all(struct sbitmap_queue *sbq);
521 * sbitmap_queue_wake_up() - Wake up some of waiters in one waitqueue
522 * on a &struct sbitmap_queue.
523 * @sbq: Bitmap queue to wake up.
525 void sbitmap_queue_wake_up(struct sbitmap_queue *sbq);
528 * sbitmap_queue_show() - Dump &struct sbitmap_queue information to a &struct
530 * @sbq: Bitmap queue to show.
531 * @m: struct seq_file to write to.
533 * This is intended for debugging. The format may change at any time.
535 void sbitmap_queue_show(struct sbitmap_queue *sbq, struct seq_file *m);
538 struct sbitmap_queue *sbq; /* if set, sbq_wait is accounted */
539 struct wait_queue_entry wait;
542 #define DEFINE_SBQ_WAIT(name) \
543 struct sbq_wait name = { \
546 .private = current, \
547 .func = autoremove_wake_function, \
548 .entry = LIST_HEAD_INIT((name).wait.entry), \
553 * Wrapper around prepare_to_wait_exclusive(), which maintains some extra
556 void sbitmap_prepare_to_wait(struct sbitmap_queue *sbq,
557 struct sbq_wait_state *ws,
558 struct sbq_wait *sbq_wait, int state);
561 * Must be paired with sbitmap_prepare_to_wait().
563 void sbitmap_finish_wait(struct sbitmap_queue *sbq, struct sbq_wait_state *ws,
564 struct sbq_wait *sbq_wait);
567 * Wrapper around add_wait_queue(), which maintains some extra internal state
569 void sbitmap_add_wait_queue(struct sbitmap_queue *sbq,
570 struct sbq_wait_state *ws,
571 struct sbq_wait *sbq_wait);
574 * Must be paired with sbitmap_add_wait_queue()
576 void sbitmap_del_wait_queue(struct sbq_wait *sbq_wait);
578 #endif /* __LINUX_SCALE_BITMAP_H */