2 * Copyright © 2000-2010 David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
3 * Steven J. Hill <sjhill@realitydiluted.com>
4 * Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
8 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
11 * Contains standard defines and IDs for NAND flash devices
16 #ifndef __LINUX_MTD_RAWNAND_H
17 #define __LINUX_MTD_RAWNAND_H
19 #include <linux/wait.h>
20 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
21 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
22 #include <linux/mtd/flashchip.h>
23 #include <linux/mtd/bbm.h>
26 struct nand_flash_dev;
29 /* Scan and identify a NAND device */
30 int nand_scan(struct mtd_info *mtd, int max_chips);
32 * Separate phases of nand_scan(), allowing board driver to intervene
33 * and override command or ECC setup according to flash type.
35 int nand_scan_ident(struct mtd_info *mtd, int max_chips,
36 struct nand_flash_dev *table);
37 int nand_scan_tail(struct mtd_info *mtd);
39 /* Unregister the MTD device and free resources held by the NAND device */
40 void nand_release(struct mtd_info *mtd);
42 /* Internal helper for board drivers which need to override command function */
43 void nand_wait_ready(struct mtd_info *mtd);
45 /* locks all blocks present in the device */
46 int nand_lock(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, uint64_t len);
48 /* unlocks specified locked blocks */
49 int nand_unlock(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, uint64_t len);
51 /* The maximum number of NAND chips in an array */
52 #define NAND_MAX_CHIPS 8
55 * Constants for hardware specific CLE/ALE/NCE function
57 * These are bits which can be or'ed to set/clear multiple
60 /* Select the chip by setting nCE to low */
62 /* Select the command latch by setting CLE to high */
64 /* Select the address latch by setting ALE to high */
67 #define NAND_CTRL_CLE (NAND_NCE | NAND_CLE)
68 #define NAND_CTRL_ALE (NAND_NCE | NAND_ALE)
69 #define NAND_CTRL_CHANGE 0x80
72 * Standard NAND flash commands
74 #define NAND_CMD_READ0 0
75 #define NAND_CMD_READ1 1
76 #define NAND_CMD_RNDOUT 5
77 #define NAND_CMD_PAGEPROG 0x10
78 #define NAND_CMD_READOOB 0x50
79 #define NAND_CMD_ERASE1 0x60
80 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS 0x70
81 #define NAND_CMD_SEQIN 0x80
82 #define NAND_CMD_RNDIN 0x85
83 #define NAND_CMD_READID 0x90
84 #define NAND_CMD_ERASE2 0xd0
85 #define NAND_CMD_PARAM 0xec
86 #define NAND_CMD_GET_FEATURES 0xee
87 #define NAND_CMD_SET_FEATURES 0xef
88 #define NAND_CMD_RESET 0xff
90 #define NAND_CMD_LOCK 0x2a
91 #define NAND_CMD_UNLOCK1 0x23
92 #define NAND_CMD_UNLOCK2 0x24
94 /* Extended commands for large page devices */
95 #define NAND_CMD_READSTART 0x30
96 #define NAND_CMD_RNDOUTSTART 0xE0
97 #define NAND_CMD_CACHEDPROG 0x15
99 #define NAND_CMD_NONE -1
102 #define NAND_STATUS_FAIL 0x01
103 #define NAND_STATUS_FAIL_N1 0x02
104 #define NAND_STATUS_TRUE_READY 0x20
105 #define NAND_STATUS_READY 0x40
106 #define NAND_STATUS_WP 0x80
108 #define NAND_DATA_IFACE_CHECK_ONLY -1
111 * Constants for ECC_MODES
117 NAND_ECC_HW_SYNDROME,
118 NAND_ECC_HW_OOB_FIRST,
129 * Constants for Hardware ECC
131 /* Reset Hardware ECC for read */
132 #define NAND_ECC_READ 0
133 /* Reset Hardware ECC for write */
134 #define NAND_ECC_WRITE 1
135 /* Enable Hardware ECC before syndrome is read back from flash */
136 #define NAND_ECC_READSYN 2
139 * Enable generic NAND 'page erased' check. This check is only done when
140 * ecc.correct() returns -EBADMSG.
141 * Set this flag if your implementation does not fix bitflips in erased
142 * pages and you want to rely on the default implementation.
144 #define NAND_ECC_GENERIC_ERASED_CHECK BIT(0)
145 #define NAND_ECC_MAXIMIZE BIT(1)
147 * If your controller already sends the required NAND commands when
148 * reading or writing a page, then the framework is not supposed to
149 * send READ0 and SEQIN/PAGEPROG respectively.
151 #define NAND_ECC_CUSTOM_PAGE_ACCESS BIT(2)
153 /* Bit mask for flags passed to do_nand_read_ecc */
154 #define NAND_GET_DEVICE 0x80
158 * Option constants for bizarre disfunctionality and real
161 /* Buswidth is 16 bit */
162 #define NAND_BUSWIDTH_16 0x00000002
163 /* Chip has cache program function */
164 #define NAND_CACHEPRG 0x00000008
166 * Chip requires ready check on read (for auto-incremented sequential read).
167 * True only for small page devices; large page devices do not support
170 #define NAND_NEED_READRDY 0x00000100
172 /* Chip does not allow subpage writes */
173 #define NAND_NO_SUBPAGE_WRITE 0x00000200
175 /* Device is one of 'new' xD cards that expose fake nand command set */
176 #define NAND_BROKEN_XD 0x00000400
178 /* Device behaves just like nand, but is readonly */
179 #define NAND_ROM 0x00000800
181 /* Device supports subpage reads */
182 #define NAND_SUBPAGE_READ 0x00001000
185 * Some MLC NANDs need data scrambling to limit bitflips caused by repeated
188 #define NAND_NEED_SCRAMBLING 0x00002000
190 /* Options valid for Samsung large page devices */
191 #define NAND_SAMSUNG_LP_OPTIONS NAND_CACHEPRG
193 /* Macros to identify the above */
194 #define NAND_HAS_CACHEPROG(chip) ((chip->options & NAND_CACHEPRG))
195 #define NAND_HAS_SUBPAGE_READ(chip) ((chip->options & NAND_SUBPAGE_READ))
196 #define NAND_HAS_SUBPAGE_WRITE(chip) !((chip)->options & NAND_NO_SUBPAGE_WRITE)
198 /* Non chip related options */
199 /* This option skips the bbt scan during initialization. */
200 #define NAND_SKIP_BBTSCAN 0x00010000
202 * This option is defined if the board driver allocates its own buffers
203 * (e.g. because it needs them DMA-coherent).
205 #define NAND_OWN_BUFFERS 0x00020000
206 /* Chip may not exist, so silence any errors in scan */
207 #define NAND_SCAN_SILENT_NODEV 0x00040000
209 * Autodetect nand buswidth with readid/onfi.
210 * This suppose the driver will configure the hardware in 8 bits mode
211 * when calling nand_scan_ident, and update its configuration
212 * before calling nand_scan_tail.
214 #define NAND_BUSWIDTH_AUTO 0x00080000
216 * This option could be defined by controller drivers to protect against
217 * kmap'ed, vmalloc'ed highmem buffers being passed from upper layers
219 #define NAND_USE_BOUNCE_BUFFER 0x00100000
222 * In case your controller is implementing ->cmd_ctrl() and is relying on the
223 * default ->cmdfunc() implementation, you may want to let the core handle the
224 * tCCS delay which is required when a column change (RNDIN or RNDOUT) is
226 * If your controller already takes care of this delay, you don't need to set
229 #define NAND_WAIT_TCCS 0x00200000
231 /* Options set by nand scan */
232 /* Nand scan has allocated controller struct */
233 #define NAND_CONTROLLER_ALLOC 0x80000000
235 /* Cell info constants */
236 #define NAND_CI_CHIPNR_MSK 0x03
237 #define NAND_CI_CELLTYPE_MSK 0x0C
238 #define NAND_CI_CELLTYPE_SHIFT 2
244 #define ONFI_FEATURE_16_BIT_BUS (1 << 0)
245 #define ONFI_FEATURE_EXT_PARAM_PAGE (1 << 7)
247 /* ONFI timing mode, used in both asynchronous and synchronous mode */
248 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_0 (1 << 0)
249 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_1 (1 << 1)
250 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_2 (1 << 2)
251 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_3 (1 << 3)
252 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_4 (1 << 4)
253 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_5 (1 << 5)
254 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_UNKNOWN (1 << 6)
256 /* ONFI feature address */
257 #define ONFI_FEATURE_ADDR_TIMING_MODE 0x1
259 /* Vendor-specific feature address (Micron) */
260 #define ONFI_FEATURE_ADDR_READ_RETRY 0x89
261 #define ONFI_FEATURE_ON_DIE_ECC 0x90
262 #define ONFI_FEATURE_ON_DIE_ECC_EN BIT(3)
264 /* ONFI subfeature parameters length */
265 #define ONFI_SUBFEATURE_PARAM_LEN 4
267 /* ONFI optional commands SET/GET FEATURES supported? */
268 #define ONFI_OPT_CMD_SET_GET_FEATURES (1 << 2)
270 struct nand_onfi_params {
271 /* rev info and features block */
272 /* 'O' 'N' 'F' 'I' */
278 __le16 ext_param_page_length; /* since ONFI 2.1 */
279 u8 num_of_param_pages; /* since ONFI 2.1 */
282 /* manufacturer information block */
283 char manufacturer[12];
289 /* memory organization block */
290 __le32 byte_per_page;
291 __le16 spare_bytes_per_page;
292 __le32 data_bytes_per_ppage;
293 __le16 spare_bytes_per_ppage;
294 __le32 pages_per_block;
295 __le32 blocks_per_lun;
300 __le16 block_endurance;
301 u8 guaranteed_good_blocks;
302 __le16 guaranteed_block_endurance;
303 u8 programs_per_page;
310 /* electrical parameter block */
311 u8 io_pin_capacitance_max;
312 __le16 async_timing_mode;
313 __le16 program_cache_timing_mode;
318 __le16 src_sync_timing_mode;
319 u8 src_ssync_features;
320 __le16 clk_pin_capacitance_typ;
321 __le16 io_pin_capacitance_typ;
322 __le16 input_pin_capacitance_typ;
323 u8 input_pin_capacitance_max;
324 u8 driver_strength_support;
330 __le16 vendor_revision;
336 #define ONFI_CRC_BASE 0x4F4E
338 /* Extended ECC information Block Definition (since ONFI 2.1) */
339 struct onfi_ext_ecc_info {
343 __le16 block_endurance;
347 #define ONFI_SECTION_TYPE_0 0 /* Unused section. */
348 #define ONFI_SECTION_TYPE_1 1 /* for additional sections. */
349 #define ONFI_SECTION_TYPE_2 2 /* for ECC information. */
350 struct onfi_ext_section {
355 #define ONFI_EXT_SECTION_MAX 8
357 /* Extended Parameter Page Definition (since ONFI 2.1) */
358 struct onfi_ext_param_page {
360 u8 sig[4]; /* 'E' 'P' 'P' 'S' */
362 struct onfi_ext_section sections[ONFI_EXT_SECTION_MAX];
365 * The actual size of the Extended Parameter Page is in
366 * @ext_param_page_length of nand_onfi_params{}.
367 * The following are the variable length sections.
368 * So we do not add any fields below. Please see the ONFI spec.
372 struct jedec_ecc_info {
376 __le16 block_endurance;
381 #define JEDEC_FEATURE_16_BIT_BUS (1 << 0)
383 struct nand_jedec_params {
384 /* rev info and features block */
385 /* 'J' 'E' 'S' 'D' */
391 u8 num_of_param_pages;
394 /* manufacturer information block */
395 char manufacturer[12];
400 /* memory organization block */
401 __le32 byte_per_page;
402 __le16 spare_bytes_per_page;
404 __le32 pages_per_block;
405 __le32 blocks_per_lun;
409 u8 programs_per_page;
411 u8 multi_plane_op_attr;
414 /* electrical parameter block */
415 __le16 async_sdr_speed_grade;
416 __le16 toggle_ddr_speed_grade;
417 __le16 sync_ddr_speed_grade;
418 u8 async_sdr_features;
419 u8 toggle_ddr_features;
420 u8 sync_ddr_features;
424 __le16 t_r_multi_plane;
426 __le16 io_pin_capacitance_typ;
427 __le16 input_pin_capacitance_typ;
428 __le16 clk_pin_capacitance_typ;
429 u8 driver_strength_support;
433 /* ECC and endurance block */
434 u8 guaranteed_good_blocks;
435 __le16 guaranteed_block_endurance;
436 struct jedec_ecc_info ecc_info[4];
443 __le16 vendor_rev_num;
446 /* CRC for Parameter Page */
451 * struct nand_id - NAND id structure
452 * @data: buffer containing the id bytes. Currently 8 bytes large, but can
453 * be extended if required.
462 * struct nand_hw_control - Control structure for hardware controller (e.g ECC generator) shared among independent devices
463 * @lock: protection lock
464 * @active: the mtd device which holds the controller currently
465 * @wq: wait queue to sleep on if a NAND operation is in
466 * progress used instead of the per chip wait queue
467 * when a hw controller is available.
469 struct nand_hw_control {
471 struct nand_chip *active;
472 wait_queue_head_t wq;
475 static inline void nand_hw_control_init(struct nand_hw_control *nfc)
478 spin_lock_init(&nfc->lock);
479 init_waitqueue_head(&nfc->wq);
483 * struct nand_ecc_step_info - ECC step information of ECC engine
484 * @stepsize: data bytes per ECC step
485 * @strengths: array of supported strengths
486 * @nstrengths: number of supported strengths
488 struct nand_ecc_step_info {
490 const int *strengths;
495 * struct nand_ecc_caps - capability of ECC engine
496 * @stepinfos: array of ECC step information
497 * @nstepinfos: number of ECC step information
498 * @calc_ecc_bytes: driver's hook to calculate ECC bytes per step
500 struct nand_ecc_caps {
501 const struct nand_ecc_step_info *stepinfos;
503 int (*calc_ecc_bytes)(int step_size, int strength);
506 /* a shorthand to generate struct nand_ecc_caps with only one ECC stepsize */
507 #define NAND_ECC_CAPS_SINGLE(__name, __calc, __step, ...) \
508 static const int __name##_strengths[] = { __VA_ARGS__ }; \
509 static const struct nand_ecc_step_info __name##_stepinfo = { \
510 .stepsize = __step, \
511 .strengths = __name##_strengths, \
512 .nstrengths = ARRAY_SIZE(__name##_strengths), \
514 static const struct nand_ecc_caps __name = { \
515 .stepinfos = &__name##_stepinfo, \
517 .calc_ecc_bytes = __calc, \
521 * struct nand_ecc_ctrl - Control structure for ECC
523 * @algo: ECC algorithm
524 * @steps: number of ECC steps per page
525 * @size: data bytes per ECC step
526 * @bytes: ECC bytes per step
527 * @strength: max number of correctible bits per ECC step
528 * @total: total number of ECC bytes per page
529 * @prepad: padding information for syndrome based ECC generators
530 * @postpad: padding information for syndrome based ECC generators
531 * @options: ECC specific options (see NAND_ECC_XXX flags defined above)
532 * @priv: pointer to private ECC control data
533 * @hwctl: function to control hardware ECC generator. Must only
534 * be provided if an hardware ECC is available
535 * @calculate: function for ECC calculation or readback from ECC hardware
536 * @correct: function for ECC correction, matching to ECC generator (sw/hw).
537 * Should return a positive number representing the number of
538 * corrected bitflips, -EBADMSG if the number of bitflips exceed
539 * ECC strength, or any other error code if the error is not
540 * directly related to correction.
541 * If -EBADMSG is returned the input buffers should be left
543 * @read_page_raw: function to read a raw page without ECC. This function
544 * should hide the specific layout used by the ECC
545 * controller and always return contiguous in-band and
546 * out-of-band data even if they're not stored
547 * contiguously on the NAND chip (e.g.
548 * NAND_ECC_HW_SYNDROME interleaves in-band and
550 * @write_page_raw: function to write a raw page without ECC. This function
551 * should hide the specific layout used by the ECC
552 * controller and consider the passed data as contiguous
553 * in-band and out-of-band data. ECC controller is
554 * responsible for doing the appropriate transformations
555 * to adapt to its specific layout (e.g.
556 * NAND_ECC_HW_SYNDROME interleaves in-band and
558 * @read_page: function to read a page according to the ECC generator
559 * requirements; returns maximum number of bitflips corrected in
560 * any single ECC step, -EIO hw error
561 * @read_subpage: function to read parts of the page covered by ECC;
562 * returns same as read_page()
563 * @write_subpage: function to write parts of the page covered by ECC.
564 * @write_page: function to write a page according to the ECC generator
566 * @write_oob_raw: function to write chip OOB data without ECC
567 * @read_oob_raw: function to read chip OOB data without ECC
568 * @read_oob: function to read chip OOB data
569 * @write_oob: function to write chip OOB data
571 struct nand_ecc_ctrl {
572 nand_ecc_modes_t mode;
573 enum nand_ecc_algo algo;
581 unsigned int options;
583 void (*hwctl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int mode);
584 int (*calculate)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *dat,
586 int (*correct)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *dat, uint8_t *read_ecc,
588 int (*read_page_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
589 uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page);
590 int (*write_page_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
591 const uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page);
592 int (*read_page)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
593 uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page);
594 int (*read_subpage)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
595 uint32_t offs, uint32_t len, uint8_t *buf, int page);
596 int (*write_subpage)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
597 uint32_t offset, uint32_t data_len,
598 const uint8_t *data_buf, int oob_required, int page);
599 int (*write_page)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
600 const uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page);
601 int (*write_oob_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
603 int (*read_oob_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
605 int (*read_oob)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip, int page);
606 int (*write_oob)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
610 static inline int nand_standard_page_accessors(struct nand_ecc_ctrl *ecc)
612 return !(ecc->options & NAND_ECC_CUSTOM_PAGE_ACCESS);
616 * struct nand_buffers - buffer structure for read/write
617 * @ecccalc: buffer pointer for calculated ECC, size is oobsize.
618 * @ecccode: buffer pointer for ECC read from flash, size is oobsize.
619 * @databuf: buffer pointer for data, size is (page size + oobsize).
621 * Do not change the order of buffers. databuf and oobrbuf must be in
624 struct nand_buffers {
631 * struct nand_sdr_timings - SDR NAND chip timings
633 * This struct defines the timing requirements of a SDR NAND chip.
634 * These information can be found in every NAND datasheets and the timings
635 * meaning are described in the ONFI specifications:
636 * www.onfi.org/~/media/ONFI/specs/onfi_3_1_spec.pdf (chapter 4.15 Timing
639 * All these timings are expressed in picoseconds.
641 * @tBERS_max: Block erase time
642 * @tCCS_min: Change column setup time
643 * @tPROG_max: Page program time
644 * @tR_max: Page read time
645 * @tALH_min: ALE hold time
646 * @tADL_min: ALE to data loading time
647 * @tALS_min: ALE setup time
648 * @tAR_min: ALE to RE# delay
649 * @tCEA_max: CE# access time
650 * @tCEH_min: CE# high hold time
651 * @tCH_min: CE# hold time
652 * @tCHZ_max: CE# high to output hi-Z
653 * @tCLH_min: CLE hold time
654 * @tCLR_min: CLE to RE# delay
655 * @tCLS_min: CLE setup time
656 * @tCOH_min: CE# high to output hold
657 * @tCS_min: CE# setup time
658 * @tDH_min: Data hold time
659 * @tDS_min: Data setup time
660 * @tFEAT_max: Busy time for Set Features and Get Features
661 * @tIR_min: Output hi-Z to RE# low
662 * @tITC_max: Interface and Timing Mode Change time
663 * @tRC_min: RE# cycle time
664 * @tREA_max: RE# access time
665 * @tREH_min: RE# high hold time
666 * @tRHOH_min: RE# high to output hold
667 * @tRHW_min: RE# high to WE# low
668 * @tRHZ_max: RE# high to output hi-Z
669 * @tRLOH_min: RE# low to output hold
670 * @tRP_min: RE# pulse width
671 * @tRR_min: Ready to RE# low (data only)
672 * @tRST_max: Device reset time, measured from the falling edge of R/B# to the
673 * rising edge of R/B#.
674 * @tWB_max: WE# high to SR[6] low
675 * @tWC_min: WE# cycle time
676 * @tWH_min: WE# high hold time
677 * @tWHR_min: WE# high to RE# low
678 * @tWP_min: WE# pulse width
679 * @tWW_min: WP# transition to WE# low
681 struct nand_sdr_timings {
723 * enum nand_data_interface_type - NAND interface timing type
724 * @NAND_SDR_IFACE: Single Data Rate interface
726 enum nand_data_interface_type {
731 * struct nand_data_interface - NAND interface timing
732 * @type: type of the timing
733 * @timings: The timing, type according to @type
735 struct nand_data_interface {
736 enum nand_data_interface_type type;
738 struct nand_sdr_timings sdr;
743 * nand_get_sdr_timings - get SDR timing from data interface
744 * @conf: The data interface
746 static inline const struct nand_sdr_timings *
747 nand_get_sdr_timings(const struct nand_data_interface *conf)
749 if (conf->type != NAND_SDR_IFACE)
750 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
752 return &conf->timings.sdr;
756 * struct nand_manufacturer_ops - NAND Manufacturer operations
757 * @detect: detect the NAND memory organization and capabilities
758 * @init: initialize all vendor specific fields (like the ->read_retry()
759 * implementation) if any.
760 * @cleanup: the ->init() function may have allocated resources, ->cleanup()
761 * is here to let vendor specific code release those resources.
763 struct nand_manufacturer_ops {
764 void (*detect)(struct nand_chip *chip);
765 int (*init)(struct nand_chip *chip);
766 void (*cleanup)(struct nand_chip *chip);
770 * struct nand_chip - NAND Private Flash Chip Data
771 * @mtd: MTD device registered to the MTD framework
772 * @IO_ADDR_R: [BOARDSPECIFIC] address to read the 8 I/O lines of the
774 * @IO_ADDR_W: [BOARDSPECIFIC] address to write the 8 I/O lines of the
776 * @read_byte: [REPLACEABLE] read one byte from the chip
777 * @read_word: [REPLACEABLE] read one word from the chip
778 * @write_byte: [REPLACEABLE] write a single byte to the chip on the
780 * @write_buf: [REPLACEABLE] write data from the buffer to the chip
781 * @read_buf: [REPLACEABLE] read data from the chip into the buffer
782 * @select_chip: [REPLACEABLE] select chip nr
783 * @block_bad: [REPLACEABLE] check if a block is bad, using OOB markers
784 * @block_markbad: [REPLACEABLE] mark a block bad
785 * @cmd_ctrl: [BOARDSPECIFIC] hardwarespecific function for controlling
786 * ALE/CLE/nCE. Also used to write command and address
787 * @dev_ready: [BOARDSPECIFIC] hardwarespecific function for accessing
788 * device ready/busy line. If set to NULL no access to
789 * ready/busy is available and the ready/busy information
790 * is read from the chip status register.
791 * @cmdfunc: [REPLACEABLE] hardwarespecific function for writing
792 * commands to the chip.
793 * @waitfunc: [REPLACEABLE] hardwarespecific function for wait on
795 * @setup_read_retry: [FLASHSPECIFIC] flash (vendor) specific function for
796 * setting the read-retry mode. Mostly needed for MLC NAND.
797 * @ecc: [BOARDSPECIFIC] ECC control structure
798 * @buffers: buffer structure for read/write
799 * @buf_align: minimum buffer alignment required by a platform
800 * @hwcontrol: platform-specific hardware control structure
801 * @erase: [REPLACEABLE] erase function
802 * @scan_bbt: [REPLACEABLE] function to scan bad block table
803 * @chip_delay: [BOARDSPECIFIC] chip dependent delay for transferring
804 * data from array to read regs (tR).
805 * @state: [INTERN] the current state of the NAND device
806 * @oob_poi: "poison value buffer," used for laying out OOB data
808 * @page_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a page (column
810 * @phys_erase_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a physical eraseblock
811 * @bbt_erase_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a bbt entry
812 * @chip_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in one chip
813 * @options: [BOARDSPECIFIC] various chip options. They can partly
814 * be set to inform nand_scan about special functionality.
815 * See the defines for further explanation.
816 * @bbt_options: [INTERN] bad block specific options. All options used
817 * here must come from bbm.h. By default, these options
818 * will be copied to the appropriate nand_bbt_descr's.
819 * @badblockpos: [INTERN] position of the bad block marker in the oob
821 * @badblockbits: [INTERN] minimum number of set bits in a good block's
822 * bad block marker position; i.e., BBM == 11110111b is
823 * not bad when badblockbits == 7
824 * @bits_per_cell: [INTERN] number of bits per cell. i.e., 1 means SLC.
825 * @ecc_strength_ds: [INTERN] ECC correctability from the datasheet.
826 * Minimum amount of bit errors per @ecc_step_ds guaranteed
827 * to be correctable. If unknown, set to zero.
828 * @ecc_step_ds: [INTERN] ECC step required by the @ecc_strength_ds,
829 * also from the datasheet. It is the recommended ECC step
830 * size, if known; if unknown, set to zero.
831 * @onfi_timing_mode_default: [INTERN] default ONFI timing mode. This field is
832 * set to the actually used ONFI mode if the chip is
833 * ONFI compliant or deduced from the datasheet if
834 * the NAND chip is not ONFI compliant.
835 * @numchips: [INTERN] number of physical chips
836 * @chipsize: [INTERN] the size of one chip for multichip arrays
837 * @pagemask: [INTERN] page number mask = number of (pages / chip) - 1
838 * @pagebuf: [INTERN] holds the pagenumber which is currently in
840 * @pagebuf_bitflips: [INTERN] holds the bitflip count for the page which is
841 * currently in data_buf.
842 * @subpagesize: [INTERN] holds the subpagesize
843 * @id: [INTERN] holds NAND ID
844 * @onfi_version: [INTERN] holds the chip ONFI version (BCD encoded),
845 * non 0 if ONFI supported.
846 * @jedec_version: [INTERN] holds the chip JEDEC version (BCD encoded),
847 * non 0 if JEDEC supported.
848 * @onfi_params: [INTERN] holds the ONFI page parameter when ONFI is
849 * supported, 0 otherwise.
850 * @jedec_params: [INTERN] holds the JEDEC parameter page when JEDEC is
851 * supported, 0 otherwise.
852 * @max_bb_per_die: [INTERN] the max number of bad blocks each die of a
853 * this nand device will encounter their life times.
854 * @blocks_per_die: [INTERN] The number of PEBs in a die
855 * @data_interface: [INTERN] NAND interface timing information
856 * @read_retries: [INTERN] the number of read retry modes supported
857 * @onfi_set_features: [REPLACEABLE] set the features for ONFI nand
858 * @onfi_get_features: [REPLACEABLE] get the features for ONFI nand
859 * @setup_data_interface: [OPTIONAL] setup the data interface and timing. If
860 * chipnr is set to %NAND_DATA_IFACE_CHECK_ONLY this
861 * means the configuration should not be applied but
863 * @bbt: [INTERN] bad block table pointer
864 * @bbt_td: [REPLACEABLE] bad block table descriptor for flash
866 * @bbt_md: [REPLACEABLE] bad block table mirror descriptor
867 * @badblock_pattern: [REPLACEABLE] bad block scan pattern used for initial
869 * @controller: [REPLACEABLE] a pointer to a hardware controller
870 * structure which is shared among multiple independent
872 * @priv: [OPTIONAL] pointer to private chip data
873 * @manufacturer: [INTERN] Contains manufacturer information
878 void __iomem *IO_ADDR_R;
879 void __iomem *IO_ADDR_W;
881 uint8_t (*read_byte)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
882 u16 (*read_word)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
883 void (*write_byte)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t byte);
884 void (*write_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *buf, int len);
885 void (*read_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int len);
886 void (*select_chip)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int chip);
887 int (*block_bad)(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs);
888 int (*block_markbad)(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs);
889 void (*cmd_ctrl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int dat, unsigned int ctrl);
890 int (*dev_ready)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
891 void (*cmdfunc)(struct mtd_info *mtd, unsigned command, int column,
893 int(*waitfunc)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *this);
894 int (*erase)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int page);
895 int (*scan_bbt)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
896 int (*onfi_set_features)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
897 int feature_addr, uint8_t *subfeature_para);
898 int (*onfi_get_features)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
899 int feature_addr, uint8_t *subfeature_para);
900 int (*setup_read_retry)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int retry_mode);
901 int (*setup_data_interface)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int chipnr,
902 const struct nand_data_interface *conf);
906 unsigned int options;
907 unsigned int bbt_options;
910 int phys_erase_shift;
917 unsigned int pagebuf_bitflips;
919 uint8_t bits_per_cell;
920 uint16_t ecc_strength_ds;
921 uint16_t ecc_step_ds;
922 int onfi_timing_mode_default;
930 struct nand_onfi_params onfi_params;
931 struct nand_jedec_params jedec_params;
936 struct nand_data_interface *data_interface;
943 struct nand_hw_control *controller;
945 struct nand_ecc_ctrl ecc;
946 struct nand_buffers *buffers;
947 unsigned long buf_align;
948 struct nand_hw_control hwcontrol;
951 struct nand_bbt_descr *bbt_td;
952 struct nand_bbt_descr *bbt_md;
954 struct nand_bbt_descr *badblock_pattern;
959 const struct nand_manufacturer *desc;
964 extern const struct mtd_ooblayout_ops nand_ooblayout_sp_ops;
965 extern const struct mtd_ooblayout_ops nand_ooblayout_lp_ops;
967 static inline void nand_set_flash_node(struct nand_chip *chip,
968 struct device_node *np)
970 mtd_set_of_node(&chip->mtd, np);
973 static inline struct device_node *nand_get_flash_node(struct nand_chip *chip)
975 return mtd_get_of_node(&chip->mtd);
978 static inline struct nand_chip *mtd_to_nand(struct mtd_info *mtd)
980 return container_of(mtd, struct nand_chip, mtd);
983 static inline struct mtd_info *nand_to_mtd(struct nand_chip *chip)
988 static inline void *nand_get_controller_data(struct nand_chip *chip)
993 static inline void nand_set_controller_data(struct nand_chip *chip, void *priv)
998 static inline void nand_set_manufacturer_data(struct nand_chip *chip,
1001 chip->manufacturer.priv = priv;
1004 static inline void *nand_get_manufacturer_data(struct nand_chip *chip)
1006 return chip->manufacturer.priv;
1010 * NAND Flash Manufacturer ID Codes
1012 #define NAND_MFR_TOSHIBA 0x98
1013 #define NAND_MFR_ESMT 0xc8
1014 #define NAND_MFR_SAMSUNG 0xec
1015 #define NAND_MFR_FUJITSU 0x04
1016 #define NAND_MFR_NATIONAL 0x8f
1017 #define NAND_MFR_RENESAS 0x07
1018 #define NAND_MFR_STMICRO 0x20
1019 #define NAND_MFR_HYNIX 0xad
1020 #define NAND_MFR_MICRON 0x2c
1021 #define NAND_MFR_AMD 0x01
1022 #define NAND_MFR_MACRONIX 0xc2
1023 #define NAND_MFR_EON 0x92
1024 #define NAND_MFR_SANDISK 0x45
1025 #define NAND_MFR_INTEL 0x89
1026 #define NAND_MFR_ATO 0x9b
1027 #define NAND_MFR_WINBOND 0xef
1029 /* The maximum expected count of bytes in the NAND ID sequence */
1030 #define NAND_MAX_ID_LEN 8
1033 * A helper for defining older NAND chips where the second ID byte fully
1034 * defined the chip, including the geometry (chip size, eraseblock size, page
1035 * size). All these chips have 512 bytes NAND page size.
1037 #define LEGACY_ID_NAND(nm, devid, chipsz, erasesz, opts) \
1038 { .name = (nm), {{ .dev_id = (devid) }}, .pagesize = 512, \
1039 .chipsize = (chipsz), .erasesize = (erasesz), .options = (opts) }
1042 * A helper for defining newer chips which report their page size and
1043 * eraseblock size via the extended ID bytes.
1045 * The real difference between LEGACY_ID_NAND and EXTENDED_ID_NAND is that with
1046 * EXTENDED_ID_NAND, manufacturers overloaded the same device ID so that the
1047 * device ID now only represented a particular total chip size (and voltage,
1048 * buswidth), and the page size, eraseblock size, and OOB size could vary while
1049 * using the same device ID.
1051 #define EXTENDED_ID_NAND(nm, devid, chipsz, opts) \
1052 { .name = (nm), {{ .dev_id = (devid) }}, .chipsize = (chipsz), \
1055 #define NAND_ECC_INFO(_strength, _step) \
1056 { .strength_ds = (_strength), .step_ds = (_step) }
1057 #define NAND_ECC_STRENGTH(type) ((type)->ecc.strength_ds)
1058 #define NAND_ECC_STEP(type) ((type)->ecc.step_ds)
1061 * struct nand_flash_dev - NAND Flash Device ID Structure
1062 * @name: a human-readable name of the NAND chip
1063 * @dev_id: the device ID (the second byte of the full chip ID array)
1064 * @mfr_id: manufecturer ID part of the full chip ID array (refers the same
1065 * memory address as @id[0])
1066 * @dev_id: device ID part of the full chip ID array (refers the same memory
1067 * address as @id[1])
1068 * @id: full device ID array
1069 * @pagesize: size of the NAND page in bytes; if 0, then the real page size (as
1070 * well as the eraseblock size) is determined from the extended NAND
1072 * @chipsize: total chip size in MiB
1073 * @erasesize: eraseblock size in bytes (determined from the extended ID if 0)
1074 * @options: stores various chip bit options
1075 * @id_len: The valid length of the @id.
1076 * @oobsize: OOB size
1077 * @ecc: ECC correctability and step information from the datasheet.
1078 * @ecc.strength_ds: The ECC correctability from the datasheet, same as the
1079 * @ecc_strength_ds in nand_chip{}.
1080 * @ecc.step_ds: The ECC step required by the @ecc.strength_ds, same as the
1081 * @ecc_step_ds in nand_chip{}, also from the datasheet.
1082 * For example, the "4bit ECC for each 512Byte" can be set with
1083 * NAND_ECC_INFO(4, 512).
1084 * @onfi_timing_mode_default: the default ONFI timing mode entered after a NAND
1085 * reset. Should be deduced from timings described
1089 struct nand_flash_dev {
1096 uint8_t id[NAND_MAX_ID_LEN];
1098 unsigned int pagesize;
1099 unsigned int chipsize;
1100 unsigned int erasesize;
1101 unsigned int options;
1105 uint16_t strength_ds;
1108 int onfi_timing_mode_default;
1112 * struct nand_manufacturer - NAND Flash Manufacturer structure
1113 * @name: Manufacturer name
1114 * @id: manufacturer ID code of device.
1115 * @ops: manufacturer operations
1117 struct nand_manufacturer {
1120 const struct nand_manufacturer_ops *ops;
1123 const struct nand_manufacturer *nand_get_manufacturer(u8 id);
1125 static inline const char *
1126 nand_manufacturer_name(const struct nand_manufacturer *manufacturer)
1128 return manufacturer ? manufacturer->name : "Unknown";
1131 extern struct nand_flash_dev nand_flash_ids[];
1133 extern const struct nand_manufacturer_ops toshiba_nand_manuf_ops;
1134 extern const struct nand_manufacturer_ops samsung_nand_manuf_ops;
1135 extern const struct nand_manufacturer_ops hynix_nand_manuf_ops;
1136 extern const struct nand_manufacturer_ops micron_nand_manuf_ops;
1137 extern const struct nand_manufacturer_ops amd_nand_manuf_ops;
1138 extern const struct nand_manufacturer_ops macronix_nand_manuf_ops;
1140 int nand_default_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd);
1141 int nand_markbad_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs);
1142 int nand_isreserved_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs);
1143 int nand_isbad_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs, int allowbbt);
1144 int nand_erase_nand(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct erase_info *instr,
1146 int nand_do_read(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len,
1147 size_t *retlen, uint8_t *buf);
1150 * struct platform_nand_chip - chip level device structure
1151 * @nr_chips: max. number of chips to scan for
1152 * @chip_offset: chip number offset
1153 * @nr_partitions: number of partitions pointed to by partitions (or zero)
1154 * @partitions: mtd partition list
1155 * @chip_delay: R/B delay value in us
1156 * @options: Option flags, e.g. 16bit buswidth
1157 * @bbt_options: BBT option flags, e.g. NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH
1158 * @part_probe_types: NULL-terminated array of probe types
1160 struct platform_nand_chip {
1164 struct mtd_partition *partitions;
1166 unsigned int options;
1167 unsigned int bbt_options;
1168 const char **part_probe_types;
1171 /* Keep gcc happy */
1172 struct platform_device;
1175 * struct platform_nand_ctrl - controller level device structure
1176 * @probe: platform specific function to probe/setup hardware
1177 * @remove: platform specific function to remove/teardown hardware
1178 * @hwcontrol: platform specific hardware control structure
1179 * @dev_ready: platform specific function to read ready/busy pin
1180 * @select_chip: platform specific chip select function
1181 * @cmd_ctrl: platform specific function for controlling
1182 * ALE/CLE/nCE. Also used to write command and address
1183 * @write_buf: platform specific function for write buffer
1184 * @read_buf: platform specific function for read buffer
1185 * @read_byte: platform specific function to read one byte from chip
1186 * @priv: private data to transport driver specific settings
1188 * All fields are optional and depend on the hardware driver requirements
1190 struct platform_nand_ctrl {
1191 int (*probe)(struct platform_device *pdev);
1192 void (*remove)(struct platform_device *pdev);
1193 void (*hwcontrol)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int cmd);
1194 int (*dev_ready)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
1195 void (*select_chip)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int chip);
1196 void (*cmd_ctrl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int dat, unsigned int ctrl);
1197 void (*write_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *buf, int len);
1198 void (*read_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int len);
1199 unsigned char (*read_byte)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
1204 * struct platform_nand_data - container structure for platform-specific data
1205 * @chip: chip level chip structure
1206 * @ctrl: controller level device structure
1208 struct platform_nand_data {
1209 struct platform_nand_chip chip;
1210 struct platform_nand_ctrl ctrl;
1213 /* return the supported features. */
1214 static inline int onfi_feature(struct nand_chip *chip)
1216 return chip->onfi_version ? le16_to_cpu(chip->onfi_params.features) : 0;
1219 /* return the supported asynchronous timing mode. */
1220 static inline int onfi_get_async_timing_mode(struct nand_chip *chip)
1222 if (!chip->onfi_version)
1223 return ONFI_TIMING_MODE_UNKNOWN;
1224 return le16_to_cpu(chip->onfi_params.async_timing_mode);
1227 /* return the supported synchronous timing mode. */
1228 static inline int onfi_get_sync_timing_mode(struct nand_chip *chip)
1230 if (!chip->onfi_version)
1231 return ONFI_TIMING_MODE_UNKNOWN;
1232 return le16_to_cpu(chip->onfi_params.src_sync_timing_mode);
1235 int onfi_init_data_interface(struct nand_chip *chip,
1236 struct nand_data_interface *iface,
1237 enum nand_data_interface_type type,
1241 * Check if it is a SLC nand.
1242 * The !nand_is_slc() can be used to check the MLC/TLC nand chips.
1243 * We do not distinguish the MLC and TLC now.
1245 static inline bool nand_is_slc(struct nand_chip *chip)
1247 return chip->bits_per_cell == 1;
1251 * Check if the opcode's address should be sent only on the lower 8 bits
1252 * @command: opcode to check
1254 static inline int nand_opcode_8bits(unsigned int command)
1257 case NAND_CMD_READID:
1258 case NAND_CMD_PARAM:
1259 case NAND_CMD_GET_FEATURES:
1260 case NAND_CMD_SET_FEATURES:
1268 /* return the supported JEDEC features. */
1269 static inline int jedec_feature(struct nand_chip *chip)
1271 return chip->jedec_version ? le16_to_cpu(chip->jedec_params.features)
1275 /* get timing characteristics from ONFI timing mode. */
1276 const struct nand_sdr_timings *onfi_async_timing_mode_to_sdr_timings(int mode);
1277 /* get data interface from ONFI timing mode 0, used after reset. */
1278 const struct nand_data_interface *nand_get_default_data_interface(void);
1280 int nand_check_erased_ecc_chunk(void *data, int datalen,
1281 void *ecc, int ecclen,
1282 void *extraoob, int extraooblen,
1285 int nand_check_ecc_caps(struct nand_chip *chip,
1286 const struct nand_ecc_caps *caps, int oobavail);
1288 int nand_match_ecc_req(struct nand_chip *chip,
1289 const struct nand_ecc_caps *caps, int oobavail);
1291 int nand_maximize_ecc(struct nand_chip *chip,
1292 const struct nand_ecc_caps *caps, int oobavail);
1294 /* Default write_oob implementation */
1295 int nand_write_oob_std(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip, int page);
1297 /* Default write_oob syndrome implementation */
1298 int nand_write_oob_syndrome(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
1301 /* Default read_oob implementation */
1302 int nand_read_oob_std(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip, int page);
1304 /* Default read_oob syndrome implementation */
1305 int nand_read_oob_syndrome(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
1308 /* Stub used by drivers that do not support GET/SET FEATURES operations */
1309 int nand_onfi_get_set_features_notsupp(struct mtd_info *mtd,
1310 struct nand_chip *chip, int addr,
1311 u8 *subfeature_param);
1313 /* Default read_page_raw implementation */
1314 int nand_read_page_raw(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
1315 uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page);
1317 /* Default write_page_raw implementation */
1318 int nand_write_page_raw(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
1319 const uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page);
1321 /* Reset and initialize a NAND device */
1322 int nand_reset(struct nand_chip *chip, int chipnr);
1324 /* Free resources held by the NAND device */
1325 void nand_cleanup(struct nand_chip *chip);
1327 /* Default extended ID decoding function */
1328 void nand_decode_ext_id(struct nand_chip *chip);
1329 #endif /* __LINUX_MTD_RAWNAND_H */