2 * linux/include/linux/mtd/nand.h
4 * Copyright © 2000-2010 David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
5 * Steven J. Hill <sjhill@realitydiluted.com>
6 * Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
8 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
10 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
13 * Contains standard defines and IDs for NAND flash devices
18 #ifndef __LINUX_MTD_NAND_H
19 #define __LINUX_MTD_NAND_H
21 #include <linux/wait.h>
22 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
23 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
24 #include <linux/mtd/flashchip.h>
25 #include <linux/mtd/bbm.h>
28 struct nand_flash_dev;
31 /* Scan and identify a NAND device */
32 int nand_scan(struct mtd_info *mtd, int max_chips);
34 * Separate phases of nand_scan(), allowing board driver to intervene
35 * and override command or ECC setup according to flash type.
37 int nand_scan_ident(struct mtd_info *mtd, int max_chips,
38 struct nand_flash_dev *table);
39 int nand_scan_tail(struct mtd_info *mtd);
41 /* Unregister the MTD device and free resources held by the NAND device */
42 void nand_release(struct mtd_info *mtd);
44 /* Internal helper for board drivers which need to override command function */
45 void nand_wait_ready(struct mtd_info *mtd);
47 /* locks all blocks present in the device */
48 int nand_lock(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, uint64_t len);
50 /* unlocks specified locked blocks */
51 int nand_unlock(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, uint64_t len);
53 /* The maximum number of NAND chips in an array */
54 #define NAND_MAX_CHIPS 8
57 * Constants for hardware specific CLE/ALE/NCE function
59 * These are bits which can be or'ed to set/clear multiple
62 /* Select the chip by setting nCE to low */
64 /* Select the command latch by setting CLE to high */
66 /* Select the address latch by setting ALE to high */
69 #define NAND_CTRL_CLE (NAND_NCE | NAND_CLE)
70 #define NAND_CTRL_ALE (NAND_NCE | NAND_ALE)
71 #define NAND_CTRL_CHANGE 0x80
74 * Standard NAND flash commands
76 #define NAND_CMD_READ0 0
77 #define NAND_CMD_READ1 1
78 #define NAND_CMD_RNDOUT 5
79 #define NAND_CMD_PAGEPROG 0x10
80 #define NAND_CMD_READOOB 0x50
81 #define NAND_CMD_ERASE1 0x60
82 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS 0x70
83 #define NAND_CMD_SEQIN 0x80
84 #define NAND_CMD_RNDIN 0x85
85 #define NAND_CMD_READID 0x90
86 #define NAND_CMD_ERASE2 0xd0
87 #define NAND_CMD_PARAM 0xec
88 #define NAND_CMD_GET_FEATURES 0xee
89 #define NAND_CMD_SET_FEATURES 0xef
90 #define NAND_CMD_RESET 0xff
92 #define NAND_CMD_LOCK 0x2a
93 #define NAND_CMD_UNLOCK1 0x23
94 #define NAND_CMD_UNLOCK2 0x24
96 /* Extended commands for large page devices */
97 #define NAND_CMD_READSTART 0x30
98 #define NAND_CMD_RNDOUTSTART 0xE0
99 #define NAND_CMD_CACHEDPROG 0x15
101 #define NAND_CMD_NONE -1
104 #define NAND_STATUS_FAIL 0x01
105 #define NAND_STATUS_FAIL_N1 0x02
106 #define NAND_STATUS_TRUE_READY 0x20
107 #define NAND_STATUS_READY 0x40
108 #define NAND_STATUS_WP 0x80
110 #define NAND_DATA_IFACE_CHECK_ONLY -1
113 * Constants for ECC_MODES
119 NAND_ECC_HW_SYNDROME,
120 NAND_ECC_HW_OOB_FIRST,
131 * Constants for Hardware ECC
133 /* Reset Hardware ECC for read */
134 #define NAND_ECC_READ 0
135 /* Reset Hardware ECC for write */
136 #define NAND_ECC_WRITE 1
137 /* Enable Hardware ECC before syndrome is read back from flash */
138 #define NAND_ECC_READSYN 2
141 * Enable generic NAND 'page erased' check. This check is only done when
142 * ecc.correct() returns -EBADMSG.
143 * Set this flag if your implementation does not fix bitflips in erased
144 * pages and you want to rely on the default implementation.
146 #define NAND_ECC_GENERIC_ERASED_CHECK BIT(0)
147 #define NAND_ECC_MAXIMIZE BIT(1)
149 * If your controller already sends the required NAND commands when
150 * reading or writing a page, then the framework is not supposed to
151 * send READ0 and SEQIN/PAGEPROG respectively.
153 #define NAND_ECC_CUSTOM_PAGE_ACCESS BIT(2)
155 /* Bit mask for flags passed to do_nand_read_ecc */
156 #define NAND_GET_DEVICE 0x80
160 * Option constants for bizarre disfunctionality and real
163 /* Buswidth is 16 bit */
164 #define NAND_BUSWIDTH_16 0x00000002
165 /* Chip has cache program function */
166 #define NAND_CACHEPRG 0x00000008
168 * Chip requires ready check on read (for auto-incremented sequential read).
169 * True only for small page devices; large page devices do not support
172 #define NAND_NEED_READRDY 0x00000100
174 /* Chip does not allow subpage writes */
175 #define NAND_NO_SUBPAGE_WRITE 0x00000200
177 /* Device is one of 'new' xD cards that expose fake nand command set */
178 #define NAND_BROKEN_XD 0x00000400
180 /* Device behaves just like nand, but is readonly */
181 #define NAND_ROM 0x00000800
183 /* Device supports subpage reads */
184 #define NAND_SUBPAGE_READ 0x00001000
187 * Some MLC NANDs need data scrambling to limit bitflips caused by repeated
190 #define NAND_NEED_SCRAMBLING 0x00002000
192 /* Options valid for Samsung large page devices */
193 #define NAND_SAMSUNG_LP_OPTIONS NAND_CACHEPRG
195 /* Macros to identify the above */
196 #define NAND_HAS_CACHEPROG(chip) ((chip->options & NAND_CACHEPRG))
197 #define NAND_HAS_SUBPAGE_READ(chip) ((chip->options & NAND_SUBPAGE_READ))
198 #define NAND_HAS_SUBPAGE_WRITE(chip) !((chip)->options & NAND_NO_SUBPAGE_WRITE)
200 /* Non chip related options */
201 /* This option skips the bbt scan during initialization. */
202 #define NAND_SKIP_BBTSCAN 0x00010000
204 * This option is defined if the board driver allocates its own buffers
205 * (e.g. because it needs them DMA-coherent).
207 #define NAND_OWN_BUFFERS 0x00020000
208 /* Chip may not exist, so silence any errors in scan */
209 #define NAND_SCAN_SILENT_NODEV 0x00040000
211 * Autodetect nand buswidth with readid/onfi.
212 * This suppose the driver will configure the hardware in 8 bits mode
213 * when calling nand_scan_ident, and update its configuration
214 * before calling nand_scan_tail.
216 #define NAND_BUSWIDTH_AUTO 0x00080000
218 * This option could be defined by controller drivers to protect against
219 * kmap'ed, vmalloc'ed highmem buffers being passed from upper layers
221 #define NAND_USE_BOUNCE_BUFFER 0x00100000
224 * In case your controller is implementing ->cmd_ctrl() and is relying on the
225 * default ->cmdfunc() implementation, you may want to let the core handle the
226 * tCCS delay which is required when a column change (RNDIN or RNDOUT) is
228 * If your controller already takes care of this delay, you don't need to set
231 #define NAND_WAIT_TCCS 0x00200000
233 /* Options set by nand scan */
234 /* Nand scan has allocated controller struct */
235 #define NAND_CONTROLLER_ALLOC 0x80000000
237 /* Cell info constants */
238 #define NAND_CI_CHIPNR_MSK 0x03
239 #define NAND_CI_CELLTYPE_MSK 0x0C
240 #define NAND_CI_CELLTYPE_SHIFT 2
246 #define ONFI_FEATURE_16_BIT_BUS (1 << 0)
247 #define ONFI_FEATURE_EXT_PARAM_PAGE (1 << 7)
249 /* ONFI timing mode, used in both asynchronous and synchronous mode */
250 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_0 (1 << 0)
251 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_1 (1 << 1)
252 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_2 (1 << 2)
253 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_3 (1 << 3)
254 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_4 (1 << 4)
255 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_5 (1 << 5)
256 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_UNKNOWN (1 << 6)
258 /* ONFI feature address */
259 #define ONFI_FEATURE_ADDR_TIMING_MODE 0x1
261 /* Vendor-specific feature address (Micron) */
262 #define ONFI_FEATURE_ADDR_READ_RETRY 0x89
263 #define ONFI_FEATURE_ON_DIE_ECC 0x90
264 #define ONFI_FEATURE_ON_DIE_ECC_EN BIT(3)
266 /* ONFI subfeature parameters length */
267 #define ONFI_SUBFEATURE_PARAM_LEN 4
269 /* ONFI optional commands SET/GET FEATURES supported? */
270 #define ONFI_OPT_CMD_SET_GET_FEATURES (1 << 2)
272 struct nand_onfi_params {
273 /* rev info and features block */
274 /* 'O' 'N' 'F' 'I' */
280 __le16 ext_param_page_length; /* since ONFI 2.1 */
281 u8 num_of_param_pages; /* since ONFI 2.1 */
284 /* manufacturer information block */
285 char manufacturer[12];
291 /* memory organization block */
292 __le32 byte_per_page;
293 __le16 spare_bytes_per_page;
294 __le32 data_bytes_per_ppage;
295 __le16 spare_bytes_per_ppage;
296 __le32 pages_per_block;
297 __le32 blocks_per_lun;
302 __le16 block_endurance;
303 u8 guaranteed_good_blocks;
304 __le16 guaranteed_block_endurance;
305 u8 programs_per_page;
312 /* electrical parameter block */
313 u8 io_pin_capacitance_max;
314 __le16 async_timing_mode;
315 __le16 program_cache_timing_mode;
320 __le16 src_sync_timing_mode;
321 u8 src_ssync_features;
322 __le16 clk_pin_capacitance_typ;
323 __le16 io_pin_capacitance_typ;
324 __le16 input_pin_capacitance_typ;
325 u8 input_pin_capacitance_max;
326 u8 driver_strength_support;
332 __le16 vendor_revision;
338 #define ONFI_CRC_BASE 0x4F4E
340 /* Extended ECC information Block Definition (since ONFI 2.1) */
341 struct onfi_ext_ecc_info {
345 __le16 block_endurance;
349 #define ONFI_SECTION_TYPE_0 0 /* Unused section. */
350 #define ONFI_SECTION_TYPE_1 1 /* for additional sections. */
351 #define ONFI_SECTION_TYPE_2 2 /* for ECC information. */
352 struct onfi_ext_section {
357 #define ONFI_EXT_SECTION_MAX 8
359 /* Extended Parameter Page Definition (since ONFI 2.1) */
360 struct onfi_ext_param_page {
362 u8 sig[4]; /* 'E' 'P' 'P' 'S' */
364 struct onfi_ext_section sections[ONFI_EXT_SECTION_MAX];
367 * The actual size of the Extended Parameter Page is in
368 * @ext_param_page_length of nand_onfi_params{}.
369 * The following are the variable length sections.
370 * So we do not add any fields below. Please see the ONFI spec.
374 struct jedec_ecc_info {
378 __le16 block_endurance;
383 #define JEDEC_FEATURE_16_BIT_BUS (1 << 0)
385 struct nand_jedec_params {
386 /* rev info and features block */
387 /* 'J' 'E' 'S' 'D' */
393 u8 num_of_param_pages;
396 /* manufacturer information block */
397 char manufacturer[12];
402 /* memory organization block */
403 __le32 byte_per_page;
404 __le16 spare_bytes_per_page;
406 __le32 pages_per_block;
407 __le32 blocks_per_lun;
411 u8 programs_per_page;
413 u8 multi_plane_op_attr;
416 /* electrical parameter block */
417 __le16 async_sdr_speed_grade;
418 __le16 toggle_ddr_speed_grade;
419 __le16 sync_ddr_speed_grade;
420 u8 async_sdr_features;
421 u8 toggle_ddr_features;
422 u8 sync_ddr_features;
426 __le16 t_r_multi_plane;
428 __le16 io_pin_capacitance_typ;
429 __le16 input_pin_capacitance_typ;
430 __le16 clk_pin_capacitance_typ;
431 u8 driver_strength_support;
435 /* ECC and endurance block */
436 u8 guaranteed_good_blocks;
437 __le16 guaranteed_block_endurance;
438 struct jedec_ecc_info ecc_info[4];
445 __le16 vendor_rev_num;
448 /* CRC for Parameter Page */
453 * struct nand_id - NAND id structure
454 * @data: buffer containing the id bytes. Currently 8 bytes large, but can
455 * be extended if required.
464 * struct nand_hw_control - Control structure for hardware controller (e.g ECC generator) shared among independent devices
465 * @lock: protection lock
466 * @active: the mtd device which holds the controller currently
467 * @wq: wait queue to sleep on if a NAND operation is in
468 * progress used instead of the per chip wait queue
469 * when a hw controller is available.
471 struct nand_hw_control {
473 struct nand_chip *active;
474 wait_queue_head_t wq;
477 static inline void nand_hw_control_init(struct nand_hw_control *nfc)
480 spin_lock_init(&nfc->lock);
481 init_waitqueue_head(&nfc->wq);
485 * struct nand_ecc_step_info - ECC step information of ECC engine
486 * @stepsize: data bytes per ECC step
487 * @strengths: array of supported strengths
488 * @nstrengths: number of supported strengths
490 struct nand_ecc_step_info {
492 const int *strengths;
497 * struct nand_ecc_caps - capability of ECC engine
498 * @stepinfos: array of ECC step information
499 * @nstepinfos: number of ECC step information
500 * @calc_ecc_bytes: driver's hook to calculate ECC bytes per step
502 struct nand_ecc_caps {
503 const struct nand_ecc_step_info *stepinfos;
505 int (*calc_ecc_bytes)(int step_size, int strength);
508 /* a shorthand to generate struct nand_ecc_caps with only one ECC stepsize */
509 #define NAND_ECC_CAPS_SINGLE(__name, __calc, __step, ...) \
510 static const int __name##_strengths[] = { __VA_ARGS__ }; \
511 static const struct nand_ecc_step_info __name##_stepinfo = { \
512 .stepsize = __step, \
513 .strengths = __name##_strengths, \
514 .nstrengths = ARRAY_SIZE(__name##_strengths), \
516 static const struct nand_ecc_caps __name = { \
517 .stepinfos = &__name##_stepinfo, \
519 .calc_ecc_bytes = __calc, \
523 * struct nand_ecc_ctrl - Control structure for ECC
525 * @algo: ECC algorithm
526 * @steps: number of ECC steps per page
527 * @size: data bytes per ECC step
528 * @bytes: ECC bytes per step
529 * @strength: max number of correctible bits per ECC step
530 * @total: total number of ECC bytes per page
531 * @prepad: padding information for syndrome based ECC generators
532 * @postpad: padding information for syndrome based ECC generators
533 * @options: ECC specific options (see NAND_ECC_XXX flags defined above)
534 * @priv: pointer to private ECC control data
535 * @hwctl: function to control hardware ECC generator. Must only
536 * be provided if an hardware ECC is available
537 * @calculate: function for ECC calculation or readback from ECC hardware
538 * @correct: function for ECC correction, matching to ECC generator (sw/hw).
539 * Should return a positive number representing the number of
540 * corrected bitflips, -EBADMSG if the number of bitflips exceed
541 * ECC strength, or any other error code if the error is not
542 * directly related to correction.
543 * If -EBADMSG is returned the input buffers should be left
545 * @read_page_raw: function to read a raw page without ECC. This function
546 * should hide the specific layout used by the ECC
547 * controller and always return contiguous in-band and
548 * out-of-band data even if they're not stored
549 * contiguously on the NAND chip (e.g.
550 * NAND_ECC_HW_SYNDROME interleaves in-band and
552 * @write_page_raw: function to write a raw page without ECC. This function
553 * should hide the specific layout used by the ECC
554 * controller and consider the passed data as contiguous
555 * in-band and out-of-band data. ECC controller is
556 * responsible for doing the appropriate transformations
557 * to adapt to its specific layout (e.g.
558 * NAND_ECC_HW_SYNDROME interleaves in-band and
560 * @read_page: function to read a page according to the ECC generator
561 * requirements; returns maximum number of bitflips corrected in
562 * any single ECC step, -EIO hw error
563 * @read_subpage: function to read parts of the page covered by ECC;
564 * returns same as read_page()
565 * @write_subpage: function to write parts of the page covered by ECC.
566 * @write_page: function to write a page according to the ECC generator
568 * @write_oob_raw: function to write chip OOB data without ECC
569 * @read_oob_raw: function to read chip OOB data without ECC
570 * @read_oob: function to read chip OOB data
571 * @write_oob: function to write chip OOB data
573 struct nand_ecc_ctrl {
574 nand_ecc_modes_t mode;
575 enum nand_ecc_algo algo;
583 unsigned int options;
585 void (*hwctl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int mode);
586 int (*calculate)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *dat,
588 int (*correct)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *dat, uint8_t *read_ecc,
590 int (*read_page_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
591 uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page);
592 int (*write_page_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
593 const uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page);
594 int (*read_page)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
595 uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page);
596 int (*read_subpage)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
597 uint32_t offs, uint32_t len, uint8_t *buf, int page);
598 int (*write_subpage)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
599 uint32_t offset, uint32_t data_len,
600 const uint8_t *data_buf, int oob_required, int page);
601 int (*write_page)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
602 const uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page);
603 int (*write_oob_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
605 int (*read_oob_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
607 int (*read_oob)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip, int page);
608 int (*write_oob)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
612 static inline int nand_standard_page_accessors(struct nand_ecc_ctrl *ecc)
614 return !(ecc->options & NAND_ECC_CUSTOM_PAGE_ACCESS);
618 * struct nand_buffers - buffer structure for read/write
619 * @ecccalc: buffer pointer for calculated ECC, size is oobsize.
620 * @ecccode: buffer pointer for ECC read from flash, size is oobsize.
621 * @databuf: buffer pointer for data, size is (page size + oobsize).
623 * Do not change the order of buffers. databuf and oobrbuf must be in
626 struct nand_buffers {
633 * struct nand_sdr_timings - SDR NAND chip timings
635 * This struct defines the timing requirements of a SDR NAND chip.
636 * These information can be found in every NAND datasheets and the timings
637 * meaning are described in the ONFI specifications:
638 * www.onfi.org/~/media/ONFI/specs/onfi_3_1_spec.pdf (chapter 4.15 Timing
641 * All these timings are expressed in picoseconds.
643 * @tBERS_max: Block erase time
644 * @tCCS_min: Change column setup time
645 * @tPROG_max: Page program time
646 * @tR_max: Page read time
647 * @tALH_min: ALE hold time
648 * @tADL_min: ALE to data loading time
649 * @tALS_min: ALE setup time
650 * @tAR_min: ALE to RE# delay
651 * @tCEA_max: CE# access time
652 * @tCEH_min: CE# high hold time
653 * @tCH_min: CE# hold time
654 * @tCHZ_max: CE# high to output hi-Z
655 * @tCLH_min: CLE hold time
656 * @tCLR_min: CLE to RE# delay
657 * @tCLS_min: CLE setup time
658 * @tCOH_min: CE# high to output hold
659 * @tCS_min: CE# setup time
660 * @tDH_min: Data hold time
661 * @tDS_min: Data setup time
662 * @tFEAT_max: Busy time for Set Features and Get Features
663 * @tIR_min: Output hi-Z to RE# low
664 * @tITC_max: Interface and Timing Mode Change time
665 * @tRC_min: RE# cycle time
666 * @tREA_max: RE# access time
667 * @tREH_min: RE# high hold time
668 * @tRHOH_min: RE# high to output hold
669 * @tRHW_min: RE# high to WE# low
670 * @tRHZ_max: RE# high to output hi-Z
671 * @tRLOH_min: RE# low to output hold
672 * @tRP_min: RE# pulse width
673 * @tRR_min: Ready to RE# low (data only)
674 * @tRST_max: Device reset time, measured from the falling edge of R/B# to the
675 * rising edge of R/B#.
676 * @tWB_max: WE# high to SR[6] low
677 * @tWC_min: WE# cycle time
678 * @tWH_min: WE# high hold time
679 * @tWHR_min: WE# high to RE# low
680 * @tWP_min: WE# pulse width
681 * @tWW_min: WP# transition to WE# low
683 struct nand_sdr_timings {
725 * enum nand_data_interface_type - NAND interface timing type
726 * @NAND_SDR_IFACE: Single Data Rate interface
728 enum nand_data_interface_type {
733 * struct nand_data_interface - NAND interface timing
734 * @type: type of the timing
735 * @timings: The timing, type according to @type
737 struct nand_data_interface {
738 enum nand_data_interface_type type;
740 struct nand_sdr_timings sdr;
745 * nand_get_sdr_timings - get SDR timing from data interface
746 * @conf: The data interface
748 static inline const struct nand_sdr_timings *
749 nand_get_sdr_timings(const struct nand_data_interface *conf)
751 if (conf->type != NAND_SDR_IFACE)
752 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
754 return &conf->timings.sdr;
758 * struct nand_manufacturer_ops - NAND Manufacturer operations
759 * @detect: detect the NAND memory organization and capabilities
760 * @init: initialize all vendor specific fields (like the ->read_retry()
761 * implementation) if any.
762 * @cleanup: the ->init() function may have allocated resources, ->cleanup()
763 * is here to let vendor specific code release those resources.
765 struct nand_manufacturer_ops {
766 void (*detect)(struct nand_chip *chip);
767 int (*init)(struct nand_chip *chip);
768 void (*cleanup)(struct nand_chip *chip);
772 * struct nand_chip - NAND Private Flash Chip Data
773 * @mtd: MTD device registered to the MTD framework
774 * @IO_ADDR_R: [BOARDSPECIFIC] address to read the 8 I/O lines of the
776 * @IO_ADDR_W: [BOARDSPECIFIC] address to write the 8 I/O lines of the
778 * @read_byte: [REPLACEABLE] read one byte from the chip
779 * @read_word: [REPLACEABLE] read one word from the chip
780 * @write_byte: [REPLACEABLE] write a single byte to the chip on the
782 * @write_buf: [REPLACEABLE] write data from the buffer to the chip
783 * @read_buf: [REPLACEABLE] read data from the chip into the buffer
784 * @select_chip: [REPLACEABLE] select chip nr
785 * @block_bad: [REPLACEABLE] check if a block is bad, using OOB markers
786 * @block_markbad: [REPLACEABLE] mark a block bad
787 * @cmd_ctrl: [BOARDSPECIFIC] hardwarespecific function for controlling
788 * ALE/CLE/nCE. Also used to write command and address
789 * @dev_ready: [BOARDSPECIFIC] hardwarespecific function for accessing
790 * device ready/busy line. If set to NULL no access to
791 * ready/busy is available and the ready/busy information
792 * is read from the chip status register.
793 * @cmdfunc: [REPLACEABLE] hardwarespecific function for writing
794 * commands to the chip.
795 * @waitfunc: [REPLACEABLE] hardwarespecific function for wait on
797 * @setup_read_retry: [FLASHSPECIFIC] flash (vendor) specific function for
798 * setting the read-retry mode. Mostly needed for MLC NAND.
799 * @ecc: [BOARDSPECIFIC] ECC control structure
800 * @buffers: buffer structure for read/write
801 * @buf_align: minimum buffer alignment required by a platform
802 * @hwcontrol: platform-specific hardware control structure
803 * @erase: [REPLACEABLE] erase function
804 * @scan_bbt: [REPLACEABLE] function to scan bad block table
805 * @chip_delay: [BOARDSPECIFIC] chip dependent delay for transferring
806 * data from array to read regs (tR).
807 * @state: [INTERN] the current state of the NAND device
808 * @oob_poi: "poison value buffer," used for laying out OOB data
810 * @page_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a page (column
812 * @phys_erase_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a physical eraseblock
813 * @bbt_erase_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a bbt entry
814 * @chip_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in one chip
815 * @options: [BOARDSPECIFIC] various chip options. They can partly
816 * be set to inform nand_scan about special functionality.
817 * See the defines for further explanation.
818 * @bbt_options: [INTERN] bad block specific options. All options used
819 * here must come from bbm.h. By default, these options
820 * will be copied to the appropriate nand_bbt_descr's.
821 * @badblockpos: [INTERN] position of the bad block marker in the oob
823 * @badblockbits: [INTERN] minimum number of set bits in a good block's
824 * bad block marker position; i.e., BBM == 11110111b is
825 * not bad when badblockbits == 7
826 * @bits_per_cell: [INTERN] number of bits per cell. i.e., 1 means SLC.
827 * @ecc_strength_ds: [INTERN] ECC correctability from the datasheet.
828 * Minimum amount of bit errors per @ecc_step_ds guaranteed
829 * to be correctable. If unknown, set to zero.
830 * @ecc_step_ds: [INTERN] ECC step required by the @ecc_strength_ds,
831 * also from the datasheet. It is the recommended ECC step
832 * size, if known; if unknown, set to zero.
833 * @onfi_timing_mode_default: [INTERN] default ONFI timing mode. This field is
834 * set to the actually used ONFI mode if the chip is
835 * ONFI compliant or deduced from the datasheet if
836 * the NAND chip is not ONFI compliant.
837 * @numchips: [INTERN] number of physical chips
838 * @chipsize: [INTERN] the size of one chip for multichip arrays
839 * @pagemask: [INTERN] page number mask = number of (pages / chip) - 1
840 * @pagebuf: [INTERN] holds the pagenumber which is currently in
842 * @pagebuf_bitflips: [INTERN] holds the bitflip count for the page which is
843 * currently in data_buf.
844 * @subpagesize: [INTERN] holds the subpagesize
845 * @id: [INTERN] holds NAND ID
846 * @onfi_version: [INTERN] holds the chip ONFI version (BCD encoded),
847 * non 0 if ONFI supported.
848 * @jedec_version: [INTERN] holds the chip JEDEC version (BCD encoded),
849 * non 0 if JEDEC supported.
850 * @onfi_params: [INTERN] holds the ONFI page parameter when ONFI is
851 * supported, 0 otherwise.
852 * @jedec_params: [INTERN] holds the JEDEC parameter page when JEDEC is
853 * supported, 0 otherwise.
854 * @max_bb_per_die: [INTERN] the max number of bad blocks each die of a
855 * this nand device will encounter their life times.
856 * @blocks_per_die: [INTERN] The number of PEBs in a die
857 * @data_interface: [INTERN] NAND interface timing information
858 * @read_retries: [INTERN] the number of read retry modes supported
859 * @onfi_set_features: [REPLACEABLE] set the features for ONFI nand
860 * @onfi_get_features: [REPLACEABLE] get the features for ONFI nand
861 * @setup_data_interface: [OPTIONAL] setup the data interface and timing. If
862 * chipnr is set to %NAND_DATA_IFACE_CHECK_ONLY this
863 * means the configuration should not be applied but
865 * @bbt: [INTERN] bad block table pointer
866 * @bbt_td: [REPLACEABLE] bad block table descriptor for flash
868 * @bbt_md: [REPLACEABLE] bad block table mirror descriptor
869 * @badblock_pattern: [REPLACEABLE] bad block scan pattern used for initial
871 * @controller: [REPLACEABLE] a pointer to a hardware controller
872 * structure which is shared among multiple independent
874 * @priv: [OPTIONAL] pointer to private chip data
875 * @manufacturer: [INTERN] Contains manufacturer information
880 void __iomem *IO_ADDR_R;
881 void __iomem *IO_ADDR_W;
883 uint8_t (*read_byte)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
884 u16 (*read_word)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
885 void (*write_byte)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t byte);
886 void (*write_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *buf, int len);
887 void (*read_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int len);
888 void (*select_chip)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int chip);
889 int (*block_bad)(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs);
890 int (*block_markbad)(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs);
891 void (*cmd_ctrl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int dat, unsigned int ctrl);
892 int (*dev_ready)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
893 void (*cmdfunc)(struct mtd_info *mtd, unsigned command, int column,
895 int(*waitfunc)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *this);
896 int (*erase)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int page);
897 int (*scan_bbt)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
898 int (*onfi_set_features)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
899 int feature_addr, uint8_t *subfeature_para);
900 int (*onfi_get_features)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
901 int feature_addr, uint8_t *subfeature_para);
902 int (*setup_read_retry)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int retry_mode);
903 int (*setup_data_interface)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int chipnr,
904 const struct nand_data_interface *conf);
908 unsigned int options;
909 unsigned int bbt_options;
912 int phys_erase_shift;
919 unsigned int pagebuf_bitflips;
921 uint8_t bits_per_cell;
922 uint16_t ecc_strength_ds;
923 uint16_t ecc_step_ds;
924 int onfi_timing_mode_default;
932 struct nand_onfi_params onfi_params;
933 struct nand_jedec_params jedec_params;
938 struct nand_data_interface *data_interface;
945 struct nand_hw_control *controller;
947 struct nand_ecc_ctrl ecc;
948 struct nand_buffers *buffers;
949 unsigned long buf_align;
950 struct nand_hw_control hwcontrol;
953 struct nand_bbt_descr *bbt_td;
954 struct nand_bbt_descr *bbt_md;
956 struct nand_bbt_descr *badblock_pattern;
961 const struct nand_manufacturer *desc;
966 extern const struct mtd_ooblayout_ops nand_ooblayout_sp_ops;
967 extern const struct mtd_ooblayout_ops nand_ooblayout_lp_ops;
969 static inline void nand_set_flash_node(struct nand_chip *chip,
970 struct device_node *np)
972 mtd_set_of_node(&chip->mtd, np);
975 static inline struct device_node *nand_get_flash_node(struct nand_chip *chip)
977 return mtd_get_of_node(&chip->mtd);
980 static inline struct nand_chip *mtd_to_nand(struct mtd_info *mtd)
982 return container_of(mtd, struct nand_chip, mtd);
985 static inline struct mtd_info *nand_to_mtd(struct nand_chip *chip)
990 static inline void *nand_get_controller_data(struct nand_chip *chip)
995 static inline void nand_set_controller_data(struct nand_chip *chip, void *priv)
1000 static inline void nand_set_manufacturer_data(struct nand_chip *chip,
1003 chip->manufacturer.priv = priv;
1006 static inline void *nand_get_manufacturer_data(struct nand_chip *chip)
1008 return chip->manufacturer.priv;
1012 * NAND Flash Manufacturer ID Codes
1014 #define NAND_MFR_TOSHIBA 0x98
1015 #define NAND_MFR_ESMT 0xc8
1016 #define NAND_MFR_SAMSUNG 0xec
1017 #define NAND_MFR_FUJITSU 0x04
1018 #define NAND_MFR_NATIONAL 0x8f
1019 #define NAND_MFR_RENESAS 0x07
1020 #define NAND_MFR_STMICRO 0x20
1021 #define NAND_MFR_HYNIX 0xad
1022 #define NAND_MFR_MICRON 0x2c
1023 #define NAND_MFR_AMD 0x01
1024 #define NAND_MFR_MACRONIX 0xc2
1025 #define NAND_MFR_EON 0x92
1026 #define NAND_MFR_SANDISK 0x45
1027 #define NAND_MFR_INTEL 0x89
1028 #define NAND_MFR_ATO 0x9b
1029 #define NAND_MFR_WINBOND 0xef
1031 /* The maximum expected count of bytes in the NAND ID sequence */
1032 #define NAND_MAX_ID_LEN 8
1035 * A helper for defining older NAND chips where the second ID byte fully
1036 * defined the chip, including the geometry (chip size, eraseblock size, page
1037 * size). All these chips have 512 bytes NAND page size.
1039 #define LEGACY_ID_NAND(nm, devid, chipsz, erasesz, opts) \
1040 { .name = (nm), {{ .dev_id = (devid) }}, .pagesize = 512, \
1041 .chipsize = (chipsz), .erasesize = (erasesz), .options = (opts) }
1044 * A helper for defining newer chips which report their page size and
1045 * eraseblock size via the extended ID bytes.
1047 * The real difference between LEGACY_ID_NAND and EXTENDED_ID_NAND is that with
1048 * EXTENDED_ID_NAND, manufacturers overloaded the same device ID so that the
1049 * device ID now only represented a particular total chip size (and voltage,
1050 * buswidth), and the page size, eraseblock size, and OOB size could vary while
1051 * using the same device ID.
1053 #define EXTENDED_ID_NAND(nm, devid, chipsz, opts) \
1054 { .name = (nm), {{ .dev_id = (devid) }}, .chipsize = (chipsz), \
1057 #define NAND_ECC_INFO(_strength, _step) \
1058 { .strength_ds = (_strength), .step_ds = (_step) }
1059 #define NAND_ECC_STRENGTH(type) ((type)->ecc.strength_ds)
1060 #define NAND_ECC_STEP(type) ((type)->ecc.step_ds)
1063 * struct nand_flash_dev - NAND Flash Device ID Structure
1064 * @name: a human-readable name of the NAND chip
1065 * @dev_id: the device ID (the second byte of the full chip ID array)
1066 * @mfr_id: manufecturer ID part of the full chip ID array (refers the same
1067 * memory address as @id[0])
1068 * @dev_id: device ID part of the full chip ID array (refers the same memory
1069 * address as @id[1])
1070 * @id: full device ID array
1071 * @pagesize: size of the NAND page in bytes; if 0, then the real page size (as
1072 * well as the eraseblock size) is determined from the extended NAND
1074 * @chipsize: total chip size in MiB
1075 * @erasesize: eraseblock size in bytes (determined from the extended ID if 0)
1076 * @options: stores various chip bit options
1077 * @id_len: The valid length of the @id.
1078 * @oobsize: OOB size
1079 * @ecc: ECC correctability and step information from the datasheet.
1080 * @ecc.strength_ds: The ECC correctability from the datasheet, same as the
1081 * @ecc_strength_ds in nand_chip{}.
1082 * @ecc.step_ds: The ECC step required by the @ecc.strength_ds, same as the
1083 * @ecc_step_ds in nand_chip{}, also from the datasheet.
1084 * For example, the "4bit ECC for each 512Byte" can be set with
1085 * NAND_ECC_INFO(4, 512).
1086 * @onfi_timing_mode_default: the default ONFI timing mode entered after a NAND
1087 * reset. Should be deduced from timings described
1091 struct nand_flash_dev {
1098 uint8_t id[NAND_MAX_ID_LEN];
1100 unsigned int pagesize;
1101 unsigned int chipsize;
1102 unsigned int erasesize;
1103 unsigned int options;
1107 uint16_t strength_ds;
1110 int onfi_timing_mode_default;
1114 * struct nand_manufacturer - NAND Flash Manufacturer structure
1115 * @name: Manufacturer name
1116 * @id: manufacturer ID code of device.
1117 * @ops: manufacturer operations
1119 struct nand_manufacturer {
1122 const struct nand_manufacturer_ops *ops;
1125 const struct nand_manufacturer *nand_get_manufacturer(u8 id);
1127 static inline const char *
1128 nand_manufacturer_name(const struct nand_manufacturer *manufacturer)
1130 return manufacturer ? manufacturer->name : "Unknown";
1133 extern struct nand_flash_dev nand_flash_ids[];
1135 extern const struct nand_manufacturer_ops toshiba_nand_manuf_ops;
1136 extern const struct nand_manufacturer_ops samsung_nand_manuf_ops;
1137 extern const struct nand_manufacturer_ops hynix_nand_manuf_ops;
1138 extern const struct nand_manufacturer_ops micron_nand_manuf_ops;
1139 extern const struct nand_manufacturer_ops amd_nand_manuf_ops;
1140 extern const struct nand_manufacturer_ops macronix_nand_manuf_ops;
1142 int nand_default_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd);
1143 int nand_markbad_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs);
1144 int nand_isreserved_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs);
1145 int nand_isbad_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs, int allowbbt);
1146 int nand_erase_nand(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct erase_info *instr,
1148 int nand_do_read(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len,
1149 size_t *retlen, uint8_t *buf);
1152 * struct platform_nand_chip - chip level device structure
1153 * @nr_chips: max. number of chips to scan for
1154 * @chip_offset: chip number offset
1155 * @nr_partitions: number of partitions pointed to by partitions (or zero)
1156 * @partitions: mtd partition list
1157 * @chip_delay: R/B delay value in us
1158 * @options: Option flags, e.g. 16bit buswidth
1159 * @bbt_options: BBT option flags, e.g. NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH
1160 * @part_probe_types: NULL-terminated array of probe types
1162 struct platform_nand_chip {
1166 struct mtd_partition *partitions;
1168 unsigned int options;
1169 unsigned int bbt_options;
1170 const char **part_probe_types;
1173 /* Keep gcc happy */
1174 struct platform_device;
1177 * struct platform_nand_ctrl - controller level device structure
1178 * @probe: platform specific function to probe/setup hardware
1179 * @remove: platform specific function to remove/teardown hardware
1180 * @hwcontrol: platform specific hardware control structure
1181 * @dev_ready: platform specific function to read ready/busy pin
1182 * @select_chip: platform specific chip select function
1183 * @cmd_ctrl: platform specific function for controlling
1184 * ALE/CLE/nCE. Also used to write command and address
1185 * @write_buf: platform specific function for write buffer
1186 * @read_buf: platform specific function for read buffer
1187 * @read_byte: platform specific function to read one byte from chip
1188 * @priv: private data to transport driver specific settings
1190 * All fields are optional and depend on the hardware driver requirements
1192 struct platform_nand_ctrl {
1193 int (*probe)(struct platform_device *pdev);
1194 void (*remove)(struct platform_device *pdev);
1195 void (*hwcontrol)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int cmd);
1196 int (*dev_ready)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
1197 void (*select_chip)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int chip);
1198 void (*cmd_ctrl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int dat, unsigned int ctrl);
1199 void (*write_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *buf, int len);
1200 void (*read_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int len);
1201 unsigned char (*read_byte)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
1206 * struct platform_nand_data - container structure for platform-specific data
1207 * @chip: chip level chip structure
1208 * @ctrl: controller level device structure
1210 struct platform_nand_data {
1211 struct platform_nand_chip chip;
1212 struct platform_nand_ctrl ctrl;
1215 /* return the supported features. */
1216 static inline int onfi_feature(struct nand_chip *chip)
1218 return chip->onfi_version ? le16_to_cpu(chip->onfi_params.features) : 0;
1221 /* return the supported asynchronous timing mode. */
1222 static inline int onfi_get_async_timing_mode(struct nand_chip *chip)
1224 if (!chip->onfi_version)
1225 return ONFI_TIMING_MODE_UNKNOWN;
1226 return le16_to_cpu(chip->onfi_params.async_timing_mode);
1229 /* return the supported synchronous timing mode. */
1230 static inline int onfi_get_sync_timing_mode(struct nand_chip *chip)
1232 if (!chip->onfi_version)
1233 return ONFI_TIMING_MODE_UNKNOWN;
1234 return le16_to_cpu(chip->onfi_params.src_sync_timing_mode);
1237 int onfi_init_data_interface(struct nand_chip *chip,
1238 struct nand_data_interface *iface,
1239 enum nand_data_interface_type type,
1243 * Check if it is a SLC nand.
1244 * The !nand_is_slc() can be used to check the MLC/TLC nand chips.
1245 * We do not distinguish the MLC and TLC now.
1247 static inline bool nand_is_slc(struct nand_chip *chip)
1249 return chip->bits_per_cell == 1;
1253 * Check if the opcode's address should be sent only on the lower 8 bits
1254 * @command: opcode to check
1256 static inline int nand_opcode_8bits(unsigned int command)
1259 case NAND_CMD_READID:
1260 case NAND_CMD_PARAM:
1261 case NAND_CMD_GET_FEATURES:
1262 case NAND_CMD_SET_FEATURES:
1270 /* return the supported JEDEC features. */
1271 static inline int jedec_feature(struct nand_chip *chip)
1273 return chip->jedec_version ? le16_to_cpu(chip->jedec_params.features)
1277 /* get timing characteristics from ONFI timing mode. */
1278 const struct nand_sdr_timings *onfi_async_timing_mode_to_sdr_timings(int mode);
1279 /* get data interface from ONFI timing mode 0, used after reset. */
1280 const struct nand_data_interface *nand_get_default_data_interface(void);
1282 int nand_check_erased_ecc_chunk(void *data, int datalen,
1283 void *ecc, int ecclen,
1284 void *extraoob, int extraooblen,
1287 int nand_check_ecc_caps(struct nand_chip *chip,
1288 const struct nand_ecc_caps *caps, int oobavail);
1290 int nand_match_ecc_req(struct nand_chip *chip,
1291 const struct nand_ecc_caps *caps, int oobavail);
1293 int nand_maximize_ecc(struct nand_chip *chip,
1294 const struct nand_ecc_caps *caps, int oobavail);
1296 /* Default write_oob implementation */
1297 int nand_write_oob_std(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip, int page);
1299 /* Default write_oob syndrome implementation */
1300 int nand_write_oob_syndrome(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
1303 /* Default read_oob implementation */
1304 int nand_read_oob_std(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip, int page);
1306 /* Default read_oob syndrome implementation */
1307 int nand_read_oob_syndrome(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
1310 /* Stub used by drivers that do not support GET/SET FEATURES operations */
1311 int nand_onfi_get_set_features_notsupp(struct mtd_info *mtd,
1312 struct nand_chip *chip, int addr,
1313 u8 *subfeature_param);
1315 /* Default read_page_raw implementation */
1316 int nand_read_page_raw(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
1317 uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page);
1319 /* Default write_page_raw implementation */
1320 int nand_write_page_raw(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
1321 const uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page);
1323 /* Reset and initialize a NAND device */
1324 int nand_reset(struct nand_chip *chip, int chipnr);
1326 /* Free resources held by the NAND device */
1327 void nand_cleanup(struct nand_chip *chip);
1329 /* Default extended ID decoding function */
1330 void nand_decode_ext_id(struct nand_chip *chip);
1331 #endif /* __LINUX_MTD_NAND_H */