1 /* GLIB - Library of useful routines for C programming
2 * Copyright (C) 1995-1998 Peter Mattis, Spencer Kimball and Josh MacDonald
4 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
5 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
6 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
7 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
9 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
12 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
14 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
15 * License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
19 * Modified by the GLib Team and others 1997-2000. See the AUTHORS
20 * file for a list of people on the GLib Team. See the ChangeLog
21 * files for a list of changes. These files are distributed with
22 * GLib at ftp://ftp.gtk.org/pub/gtk/.
26 * MT safe for the unix part, FIXME: make the win32 part MT safe as well.
38 #include <ctype.h> /* For tolower() */
40 #include <sys/types.h>
46 #include <sys/types.h>
47 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H
48 #include <sys/param.h>
50 #ifdef HAVE_CRT_EXTERNS_H
51 #include <crt_externs.h> /* for _NSGetEnviron */
54 #include "glib-init.h"
55 #include "glib-private.h"
57 #include "gfileutils.h"
61 #include "gtestutils.h"
63 #include "gstrfuncs.h"
68 #ifdef G_PLATFORM_WIN32
76 * @title: Miscellaneous Utility Functions
77 * @short_description: a selection of portable utility functions
79 * These are portable utility functions.
82 #ifdef G_PLATFORM_WIN32
84 # ifndef GET_MODULE_HANDLE_EX_FLAG_FROM_ADDRESS
85 # define GET_MODULE_HANDLE_EX_FLAG_UNCHANGED_REFCOUNT 2
86 # define GET_MODULE_HANDLE_EX_FLAG_FROM_ADDRESS 4
88 # include <lmcons.h> /* For UNLEN */
89 #endif /* G_PLATFORM_WIN32 */
94 /* older SDK (e.g. msvc 5.0) does not have these*/
95 # ifndef CSIDL_MYMUSIC
96 # define CSIDL_MYMUSIC 13
98 # ifndef CSIDL_MYVIDEO
99 # define CSIDL_MYVIDEO 14
101 # ifndef CSIDL_INTERNET_CACHE
102 # define CSIDL_INTERNET_CACHE 32
104 # ifndef CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA
105 # define CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA 35
107 # ifndef CSIDL_MYPICTURES
108 # define CSIDL_MYPICTURES 0x27
110 # ifndef CSIDL_COMMON_DOCUMENTS
111 # define CSIDL_COMMON_DOCUMENTS 46
113 # ifndef CSIDL_PROFILE
114 # define CSIDL_PROFILE 40
116 # include <process.h>
120 #include <CoreServices/CoreServices.h>
124 #include <langinfo.h>
127 #ifdef G_PLATFORM_WIN32
130 _glib_get_dll_directory (void)
134 wchar_t wc_fn[MAX_PATH];
137 if (glib_dll == NULL)
141 /* This code is different from that in
142 * g_win32_get_package_installation_directory_of_module() in that
143 * here we return the actual folder where the GLib DLL is. We don't
144 * do the check for it being in a "bin" or "lib" subfolder and then
145 * returning the parent of that.
147 * In a statically built GLib, glib_dll will be NULL and we will
148 * thus look up the application's .exe file's location.
150 if (!GetModuleFileNameW (glib_dll, wc_fn, MAX_PATH))
153 retval = g_utf16_to_utf8 (wc_fn, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
155 p = strrchr (retval, G_DIR_SEPARATOR);
170 * @dest: the destination address to copy the bytes to.
171 * @src: the source address to copy the bytes from.
172 * @len: the number of bytes to copy.
174 * Copies a block of memory @len bytes long, from @src to @dest.
175 * The source and destination areas may overlap.
177 * Deprecated:2.40: Just use memmove().
186 * @func: (scope async): the function to call on normal program termination.
188 * Specifies a function to be called at normal program termination.
190 * Since GLib 2.8.2, on Windows g_atexit() actually is a preprocessor
191 * macro that maps to a call to the atexit() function in the C
192 * library. This means that in case the code that calls g_atexit(),
193 * i.e. atexit(), is in a DLL, the function will be called when the
194 * DLL is detached from the program. This typically makes more sense
195 * than that the function is called when the GLib DLL is detached,
196 * which happened earlier when g_atexit() was a function in the GLib
199 * The behaviour of atexit() in the context of dynamically loaded
200 * modules is not formally specified and varies wildly.
202 * On POSIX systems, calling g_atexit() (or atexit()) in a dynamically
203 * loaded module which is unloaded before the program terminates might
204 * well cause a crash at program exit.
206 * Some POSIX systems implement atexit() like Windows, and have each
207 * dynamically loaded module maintain an own atexit chain that is
208 * called when the module is unloaded.
210 * On other POSIX systems, before a dynamically loaded module is
211 * unloaded, the registered atexit functions (if any) residing in that
212 * module are called, regardless where the code that registered them
213 * resided. This is presumably the most robust approach.
215 * As can be seen from the above, for portability it's best to avoid
216 * calling g_atexit() (or atexit()) except in the main executable of a
219 * Deprecated:2.32: It is best to avoid g_atexit().
222 g_atexit (GVoidFunc func)
227 result = atexit ((void (*)(void)) func);
231 g_error ("Could not register atexit() function: %s",
236 /* Based on execvp() from GNU Libc.
237 * Some of this code is cut-and-pasted into gspawn.c
241 my_strchrnul (const gchar *str,
244 gchar *p = (gchar*)str;
245 while (*p && (*p != c))
253 static gchar *inner_find_program_in_path (const gchar *program);
256 g_find_program_in_path (const gchar *program)
258 const gchar *last_dot = strrchr (program, '.');
260 if (last_dot == NULL ||
261 strchr (last_dot, '\\') != NULL ||
262 strchr (last_dot, '/') != NULL)
264 const gint program_length = strlen (program);
265 gchar *pathext = g_build_path (";",
266 ".exe;.cmd;.bat;.com",
267 g_getenv ("PATHEXT"),
270 gchar *decorated_program;
276 gchar *q = my_strchrnul (p, ';');
278 decorated_program = g_malloc (program_length + (q-p) + 1);
279 memcpy (decorated_program, program, program_length);
280 memcpy (decorated_program+program_length, p, q-p);
281 decorated_program [program_length + (q-p)] = '\0';
283 retval = inner_find_program_in_path (decorated_program);
284 g_free (decorated_program);
292 } while (*p++ != '\0');
297 return inner_find_program_in_path (program);
303 * g_find_program_in_path:
304 * @program: (type filename): a program name in the GLib file name encoding
306 * Locates the first executable named @program in the user's path, in the
307 * same way that execvp() would locate it. Returns an allocated string
308 * with the absolute path name, or %NULL if the program is not found in
309 * the path. If @program is already an absolute path, returns a copy of
310 * @program if @program exists and is executable, and %NULL otherwise.
312 * On Windows, if @program does not have a file type suffix, tries
313 * with the suffixes .exe, .cmd, .bat and .com, and the suffixes in
314 * the `PATHEXT` environment variable.
316 * On Windows, it looks for the file in the same way as CreateProcess()
317 * would. This means first in the directory where the executing
318 * program was loaded from, then in the current directory, then in the
319 * Windows 32-bit system directory, then in the Windows directory, and
320 * finally in the directories in the `PATH` environment variable. If
321 * the program is found, the return value contains the full name
322 * including the type suffix.
324 * Returns: (type filename): a newly-allocated string with the absolute path,
329 inner_find_program_in_path (const gchar *program)
332 g_find_program_in_path (const gchar *program)
335 const gchar *path, *p;
336 gchar *name, *freeme;
338 const gchar *path_copy;
339 gchar *filename = NULL, *appdir = NULL;
340 gchar *sysdir = NULL, *windir = NULL;
342 wchar_t wfilename[MAXPATHLEN], wsysdir[MAXPATHLEN],
348 g_return_val_if_fail (program != NULL, NULL);
350 /* If it is an absolute path, or a relative path including subdirectories,
351 * don't look in PATH.
353 if (g_path_is_absolute (program)
354 || strchr (program, G_DIR_SEPARATOR) != NULL
356 || strchr (program, '/') != NULL
360 if (g_file_test (program, G_FILE_TEST_IS_EXECUTABLE) &&
361 !g_file_test (program, G_FILE_TEST_IS_DIR))
362 return g_strdup (program);
367 path = g_getenv ("PATH");
368 #if defined(G_OS_UNIX)
371 /* There is no 'PATH' in the environment. The default
372 * search path in GNU libc is the current directory followed by
373 * the path 'confstr' returns for '_CS_PATH'.
376 /* In GLib we put . last, for security, and don't use the
377 * unportable confstr(); UNIX98 does not actually specify
378 * what to search if PATH is unset. POSIX may, dunno.
381 path = "/bin:/usr/bin:.";
384 n = GetModuleFileNameW (NULL, wfilename, MAXPATHLEN);
385 if (n > 0 && n < MAXPATHLEN)
386 filename = g_utf16_to_utf8 (wfilename, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
388 n = GetSystemDirectoryW (wsysdir, MAXPATHLEN);
389 if (n > 0 && n < MAXPATHLEN)
390 sysdir = g_utf16_to_utf8 (wsysdir, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
392 n = GetWindowsDirectoryW (wwindir, MAXPATHLEN);
393 if (n > 0 && n < MAXPATHLEN)
394 windir = g_utf16_to_utf8 (wwindir, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
398 appdir = g_path_get_dirname (filename);
402 path = g_strdup (path);
406 const gchar *tem = path;
407 path = g_strconcat (windir, ";", path, NULL);
408 g_free ((gchar *) tem);
414 const gchar *tem = path;
415 path = g_strconcat (sysdir, ";", path, NULL);
416 g_free ((gchar *) tem);
421 const gchar *tem = path;
422 path = g_strconcat (".;", path, NULL);
423 g_free ((gchar *) tem);
428 const gchar *tem = path;
429 path = g_strconcat (appdir, ";", path, NULL);
430 g_free ((gchar *) tem);
437 len = strlen (program) + 1;
438 pathlen = strlen (path);
439 freeme = name = g_malloc (pathlen + len + 1);
441 /* Copy the file name at the top, including '\0' */
442 memcpy (name + pathlen + 1, program, len);
443 name = name + pathlen;
444 /* And add the slash before the filename */
445 *name = G_DIR_SEPARATOR;
453 p = my_strchrnul (path, G_SEARCHPATH_SEPARATOR);
456 /* Two adjacent colons, or a colon at the beginning or the end
457 * of 'PATH' means to search the current directory.
461 startp = memcpy (name - (p - path), path, p - path);
463 if (g_file_test (startp, G_FILE_TEST_IS_EXECUTABLE) &&
464 !g_file_test (startp, G_FILE_TEST_IS_DIR))
467 ret = g_strdup (startp);
470 g_free ((gchar *) path_copy);
475 while (*p++ != '\0');
479 g_free ((gchar *) path_copy);
485 /* The functions below are defined this way for compatibility reasons.
486 * See the note in gutils.h.
491 * @mask: a #gulong containing flags
492 * @nth_bit: the index of the bit to start the search from
494 * Find the position of the first bit set in @mask, searching
495 * from (but not including) @nth_bit upwards. Bits are numbered
496 * from 0 (least significant) to sizeof(#gulong) * 8 - 1 (31 or 63,
497 * usually). To start searching from the 0th bit, set @nth_bit to -1.
499 * Returns: the index of the first bit set which is higher than @nth_bit, or -1
500 * if no higher bits are set
503 (g_bit_nth_lsf) (gulong mask,
506 return g_bit_nth_lsf_impl (mask, nth_bit);
511 * @mask: a #gulong containing flags
512 * @nth_bit: the index of the bit to start the search from
514 * Find the position of the first bit set in @mask, searching
515 * from (but not including) @nth_bit downwards. Bits are numbered
516 * from 0 (least significant) to sizeof(#gulong) * 8 - 1 (31 or 63,
517 * usually). To start searching from the last bit, set @nth_bit to
518 * -1 or GLIB_SIZEOF_LONG * 8.
520 * Returns: the index of the first bit set which is lower than @nth_bit, or -1
521 * if no lower bits are set
524 (g_bit_nth_msf) (gulong mask,
527 return g_bit_nth_msf_impl (mask, nth_bit);
535 * Gets the number of bits used to hold @number,
536 * e.g. if @number is 4, 3 bits are needed.
538 * Returns: the number of bits used to hold @number
541 (g_bit_storage) (gulong number)
543 return g_bit_storage_impl (number);
546 G_LOCK_DEFINE_STATIC (g_utils_global);
555 static gchar *g_user_data_dir = NULL;
556 static gchar **g_system_data_dirs = NULL;
557 static gchar *g_user_cache_dir = NULL;
558 static gchar *g_user_config_dir = NULL;
559 static gchar **g_system_config_dirs = NULL;
561 static gchar **g_user_special_dirs = NULL;
563 /* fifteen minutes of fame for everybody */
564 #define G_USER_DIRS_EXPIRE 15 * 60
569 get_special_folder (int csidl)
571 wchar_t path[MAX_PATH+1];
573 LPITEMIDLIST pidl = NULL;
575 gchar *retval = NULL;
577 hr = SHGetSpecialFolderLocation (NULL, csidl, &pidl);
580 b = SHGetPathFromIDListW (pidl, path);
582 retval = g_utf16_to_utf8 (path, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
583 CoTaskMemFree (pidl);
589 get_windows_directory_root (void)
591 wchar_t wwindowsdir[MAX_PATH];
593 if (GetWindowsDirectoryW (wwindowsdir, G_N_ELEMENTS (wwindowsdir)))
595 /* Usually X:\Windows, but in terminal server environments
596 * might be an UNC path, AFAIK.
598 char *windowsdir = g_utf16_to_utf8 (wwindowsdir, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
601 if (windowsdir == NULL)
602 return g_strdup ("C:\\");
604 p = (char *) g_path_skip_root (windowsdir);
605 if (G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (p[-1]) && p[-2] != ':')
611 return g_strdup ("C:\\");
616 /* HOLDS: g_utils_global_lock */
617 static UserDatabaseEntry *
618 g_get_user_database_entry (void)
620 static UserDatabaseEntry *entry;
622 if (g_once_init_enter (&entry))
624 static UserDatabaseEntry e;
628 struct passwd *pw = NULL;
629 gpointer buffer = NULL;
633 # if defined (HAVE_GETPWUID_R)
635 # ifdef _SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX
636 /* This reurns the maximum length */
637 glong bufsize = sysconf (_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX);
641 # else /* _SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX */
643 # endif /* _SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX */
645 logname = (gchar *) g_getenv ("LOGNAME");
650 /* we allocate 6 extra bytes to work around a bug in
651 * Mac OS < 10.3. See #156446
653 buffer = g_malloc (bufsize + 6);
657 error = getpwnam_r (logname, &pwd, buffer, bufsize, &pw);
658 if (!pw || (pw->pw_uid != getuid ())) {
659 /* LOGNAME is lying, fall back to looking up the uid */
660 error = getpwuid_r (getuid (), &pwd, buffer, bufsize, &pw);
663 error = getpwuid_r (getuid (), &pwd, buffer, bufsize, &pw);
665 error = error < 0 ? errno : error;
669 /* we bail out prematurely if the user id can't be found
670 * (should be pretty rare case actually), or if the buffer
671 * should be sufficiently big and lookups are still not
674 if (error == 0 || error == ENOENT)
676 g_warning ("getpwuid_r(): failed due to unknown user id (%lu)",
680 if (bufsize > 32 * 1024)
682 g_warning ("getpwuid_r(): failed due to: %s.",
691 # endif /* HAVE_GETPWUID_R */
695 pw = getpwuid (getuid ());
699 e.user_name = g_strdup (pw->pw_name);
702 if (pw->pw_gecos && *pw->pw_gecos != '\0')
704 gchar **gecos_fields;
707 /* split the gecos field and substitute '&' */
708 gecos_fields = g_strsplit (pw->pw_gecos, ",", 0);
709 name_parts = g_strsplit (gecos_fields[0], "&", 0);
710 pw->pw_name[0] = g_ascii_toupper (pw->pw_name[0]);
711 e.real_name = g_strjoinv (pw->pw_name, name_parts);
712 g_strfreev (gecos_fields);
713 g_strfreev (name_parts);
718 e.home_dir = g_strdup (pw->pw_dir);
723 #endif /* G_OS_UNIX */
728 wchar_t buffer[UNLEN+1];
730 if (GetUserNameW (buffer, (LPDWORD) &len))
732 e.user_name = g_utf16_to_utf8 (buffer, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
733 e.real_name = g_strdup (e.user_name);
736 #endif /* G_OS_WIN32 */
739 e.user_name = g_strdup ("somebody");
741 e.real_name = g_strdup ("Unknown");
743 g_once_init_leave (&entry, &e);
752 * Gets the user name of the current user. The encoding of the returned
753 * string is system-defined. On UNIX, it might be the preferred file name
754 * encoding, or something else, and there is no guarantee that it is even
755 * consistent on a machine. On Windows, it is always UTF-8.
757 * Returns: (type filename): the user name of the current user.
760 g_get_user_name (void)
762 UserDatabaseEntry *entry;
764 entry = g_get_user_database_entry ();
766 return entry->user_name;
772 * Gets the real name of the user. This usually comes from the user's
773 * entry in the `passwd` file. The encoding of the returned string is
774 * system-defined. (On Windows, it is, however, always UTF-8.) If the
775 * real user name cannot be determined, the string "Unknown" is
778 * Returns: (type filename): the user's real name.
781 g_get_real_name (void)
783 UserDatabaseEntry *entry;
785 entry = g_get_user_database_entry ();
787 return entry->real_name;
793 * Gets the current user's home directory.
795 * As with most UNIX tools, this function will return the value of the
796 * `HOME` environment variable if it is set to an existing absolute path
797 * name, falling back to the `passwd` file in the case that it is unset.
799 * If the path given in `HOME` is non-absolute, does not exist, or is
800 * not a directory, the result is undefined.
802 * Before version 2.36 this function would ignore the `HOME` environment
803 * variable, taking the value from the `passwd` database instead. This was
804 * changed to increase the compatibility of GLib with other programs (and
805 * the XDG basedir specification) and to increase testability of programs
806 * based on GLib (by making it easier to run them from test frameworks).
808 * If your program has a strong requirement for either the new or the
809 * old behaviour (and if you don't wish to increase your GLib
810 * dependency to ensure that the new behaviour is in effect) then you
811 * should either directly check the `HOME` environment variable yourself
812 * or unset it before calling any functions in GLib.
814 * Returns: (type filename): the current user's home directory
817 g_get_home_dir (void)
819 static gchar *home_dir;
821 if (g_once_init_enter (&home_dir))
825 /* We first check HOME and use it if it is set */
826 tmp = g_strdup (g_getenv ("HOME"));
829 /* Only believe HOME if it is an absolute path and exists.
831 * We only do this check on Windows for a couple of reasons.
832 * Historically, we only did it there because we used to ignore $HOME
833 * on UNIX. There are concerns about enabling it now on UNIX because
834 * of things like autofs. In short, if the user has a bogus value in
835 * $HOME then they get what they pay for...
839 if (!(g_path_is_absolute (tmp) &&
840 g_file_test (tmp, G_FILE_TEST_IS_DIR)))
847 /* In case HOME is Unix-style (it happens), convert it to
853 while ((p = strchr (tmp, '/')) != NULL)
859 /* USERPROFILE is probably the closest equivalent to $HOME? */
860 if (g_getenv ("USERPROFILE") != NULL)
861 tmp = g_strdup (g_getenv ("USERPROFILE"));
865 tmp = get_special_folder (CSIDL_PROFILE);
868 tmp = get_windows_directory_root ();
869 #endif /* G_OS_WIN32 */
873 /* If we didn't get it from any of those methods, we will have
874 * to read the user database entry.
876 UserDatabaseEntry *entry;
878 entry = g_get_user_database_entry ();
880 /* Strictly speaking, we should copy this, but we know that
881 * neither will ever be freed, so don't bother...
883 tmp = entry->home_dir;
886 /* If we have been denied access to /etc/passwd (for example, by an
887 * overly-zealous LSM), make up a junk value. The return value at this
888 * point is explicitly documented as ‘undefined’. Memory management is as
889 * immediately above: strictly this should be copied, but we know not
890 * copying it is OK. */
893 g_warning ("Could not find home directory: $HOME is not set, and "
894 "user database could not be read.");
898 g_once_init_leave (&home_dir, tmp);
907 * Gets the directory to use for temporary files.
909 * On UNIX, this is taken from the `TMPDIR` environment variable.
910 * If the variable is not set, `P_tmpdir` is
911 * used, as defined by the system C library. Failing that, a
912 * hard-coded default of "/tmp" is returned.
914 * On Windows, the `TEMP` environment variable is used, with the
915 * root directory of the Windows installation (eg: "C:\") used
918 * The encoding of the returned string is system-defined. On Windows,
919 * it is always UTF-8. The return value is never %NULL or the empty
922 * Returns: (type filename): the directory to use for temporary files.
927 static gchar *tmp_dir;
929 if (g_once_init_enter (&tmp_dir))
934 tmp = g_strdup (g_getenv ("TEMP"));
936 if (tmp == NULL || *tmp == '\0')
939 tmp = get_windows_directory_root ();
941 #else /* G_OS_WIN32 */
942 tmp = g_strdup (g_getenv ("TMPDIR"));
945 if (tmp == NULL || *tmp == '\0')
949 tmp = g_strdup (P_tmpdir);
951 if (k > 1 && G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (tmp[k - 1]))
954 #endif /* P_tmpdir */
956 if (tmp == NULL || *tmp == '\0')
959 tmp = g_strdup ("/tmp");
961 #endif /* !G_OS_WIN32 */
963 g_once_init_leave (&tmp_dir, tmp);
972 * Return a name for the machine.
974 * The returned name is not necessarily a fully-qualified domain name,
975 * or even present in DNS or some other name service at all. It need
976 * not even be unique on your local network or site, but usually it
977 * is. Callers should not rely on the return value having any specific
978 * properties like uniqueness for security purposes. Even if the name
979 * of the machine is changed while an application is running, the
980 * return value from this function does not change. The returned
981 * string is owned by GLib and should not be modified or freed. If no
982 * name can be determined, a default fixed string "localhost" is
985 * The encoding of the returned string is UTF-8.
987 * Returns: the host name of the machine.
992 g_get_host_name (void)
994 static gchar *hostname;
996 if (g_once_init_enter (&hostname))
1002 gchar *tmp = g_malloc (sizeof (gchar) * 100);
1003 failed = (gethostname (tmp, sizeof (gchar) * 100) == -1);
1005 g_clear_pointer (&tmp, g_free);
1008 wchar_t tmp[MAX_COMPUTERNAME_LENGTH + 1];
1009 DWORD size = sizeof (tmp) / sizeof (tmp[0]);
1010 failed = (!GetComputerNameW (tmp, &size));
1012 utmp = g_utf16_to_utf8 (tmp, size, NULL, NULL, NULL);
1017 g_once_init_leave (&hostname, failed ? g_strdup ("localhost") : utmp);
1023 G_LOCK_DEFINE_STATIC (g_prgname);
1024 static gchar *g_prgname = NULL;
1029 * Gets the name of the program. This name should not be localized,
1030 * in contrast to g_get_application_name().
1032 * If you are using #GApplication the program name is set in
1033 * g_application_run(). In case of GDK or GTK+ it is set in
1034 * gdk_init(), which is called by gtk_init() and the
1035 * #GtkApplication::startup handler. The program name is found by
1036 * taking the last component of @argv[0].
1038 * Returns: the name of the program. The returned string belongs
1039 * to GLib and must not be modified or freed.
1042 g_get_prgname (void)
1048 if (g_prgname == NULL)
1050 static gboolean beenhere = FALSE;
1054 gchar *utf8_buf = NULL;
1055 wchar_t buf[MAX_PATH+1];
1058 if (GetModuleFileNameW (GetModuleHandle (NULL),
1059 buf, G_N_ELEMENTS (buf)) > 0)
1060 utf8_buf = g_utf16_to_utf8 (buf, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
1064 g_prgname = g_path_get_basename (utf8_buf);
1071 G_UNLOCK (g_prgname);
1078 * @prgname: the name of the program.
1080 * Sets the name of the program. This name should not be localized,
1081 * in contrast to g_set_application_name().
1083 * If you are using #GApplication the program name is set in
1084 * g_application_run(). In case of GDK or GTK+ it is set in
1085 * gdk_init(), which is called by gtk_init() and the
1086 * #GtkApplication::startup handler. The program name is found by
1087 * taking the last component of @argv[0].
1089 * Note that for thread-safety reasons this function can only be called once.
1092 g_set_prgname (const gchar *prgname)
1096 g_prgname = g_strdup (prgname);
1097 G_UNLOCK (g_prgname);
1100 G_LOCK_DEFINE_STATIC (g_application_name);
1101 static gchar *g_application_name = NULL;
1104 * g_get_application_name:
1106 * Gets a human-readable name for the application, as set by
1107 * g_set_application_name(). This name should be localized if
1108 * possible, and is intended for display to the user. Contrast with
1109 * g_get_prgname(), which gets a non-localized name. If
1110 * g_set_application_name() has not been called, returns the result of
1111 * g_get_prgname() (which may be %NULL if g_set_prgname() has also not
1114 * Returns: human-readable application name. may return %NULL
1119 g_get_application_name (void)
1123 G_LOCK (g_application_name);
1124 retval = g_application_name;
1125 G_UNLOCK (g_application_name);
1128 return g_get_prgname ();
1134 * g_set_application_name:
1135 * @application_name: localized name of the application
1137 * Sets a human-readable name for the application. This name should be
1138 * localized if possible, and is intended for display to the user.
1139 * Contrast with g_set_prgname(), which sets a non-localized name.
1140 * g_set_prgname() will be called automatically by gtk_init(),
1141 * but g_set_application_name() will not.
1143 * Note that for thread safety reasons, this function can only
1146 * The application name will be used in contexts such as error messages,
1147 * or when displaying an application's name in the task list.
1152 g_set_application_name (const gchar *application_name)
1154 gboolean already_set = FALSE;
1156 G_LOCK (g_application_name);
1157 if (g_application_name)
1160 g_application_name = g_strdup (application_name);
1161 G_UNLOCK (g_application_name);
1164 g_warning ("g_set_application_name() called multiple times");
1168 * g_get_user_data_dir:
1170 * Returns a base directory in which to access application data such
1171 * as icons that is customized for a particular user.
1173 * On UNIX platforms this is determined using the mechanisms described
1175 * [XDG Base Directory Specification](http://www.freedesktop.org/Standards/basedir-spec).
1176 * In this case the directory retrieved will be `XDG_DATA_HOME`.
1178 * On Windows it follows XDG Base Directory Specification if `XDG_DATA_HOME`
1179 * is defined. If `XDG_DATA_HOME` is undefined, the folder to use for local (as
1180 * opposed to roaming) application data is used instead. See the
1181 * [documentation for `CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA`](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/bb762494%28v=vs.85%29.aspx#csidl_local_appdata).
1182 * Note that in this case on Windows it will be the same
1183 * as what g_get_user_config_dir() returns.
1185 * Returns: (type filename): a string owned by GLib that must not be modified
1190 g_get_user_data_dir (void)
1192 gchar *data_dir = NULL;
1194 G_LOCK (g_utils_global);
1196 if (!g_user_data_dir)
1198 const gchar *data_dir_env = g_getenv ("XDG_DATA_HOME");
1200 if (data_dir_env && data_dir_env[0])
1201 data_dir = g_strdup (data_dir_env);
1204 data_dir = get_special_folder (CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA);
1206 if (!data_dir || !data_dir[0])
1208 const gchar *home_dir = g_get_home_dir ();
1211 data_dir = g_build_filename (home_dir, ".local", "share", NULL);
1213 data_dir = g_build_filename (g_get_tmp_dir (), g_get_user_name (), ".local", "share", NULL);
1216 g_user_data_dir = data_dir;
1219 data_dir = g_user_data_dir;
1221 G_UNLOCK (g_utils_global);
1227 g_init_user_config_dir (void)
1229 gchar *config_dir = NULL;
1231 if (!g_user_config_dir)
1233 const gchar *config_dir_env = g_getenv ("XDG_CONFIG_HOME");
1235 if (config_dir_env && config_dir_env[0])
1236 config_dir = g_strdup (config_dir_env);
1239 config_dir = get_special_folder (CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA);
1241 if (!config_dir || !config_dir[0])
1243 const gchar *home_dir = g_get_home_dir ();
1246 config_dir = g_build_filename (home_dir, ".config", NULL);
1248 config_dir = g_build_filename (g_get_tmp_dir (), g_get_user_name (), ".config", NULL);
1251 g_user_config_dir = config_dir;
1256 * g_get_user_config_dir:
1258 * Returns a base directory in which to store user-specific application
1259 * configuration information such as user preferences and settings.
1261 * On UNIX platforms this is determined using the mechanisms described
1263 * [XDG Base Directory Specification](http://www.freedesktop.org/Standards/basedir-spec).
1264 * In this case the directory retrieved will be `XDG_CONFIG_HOME`.
1266 * On Windows it follows XDG Base Directory Specification if `XDG_CONFIG_HOME` is defined.
1267 * If `XDG_CONFIG_HOME` is undefined, the folder to use for local (as opposed
1268 * to roaming) application data is used instead. See the
1269 * [documentation for `CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA`](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/bb762494%28v=vs.85%29.aspx#csidl_local_appdata).
1270 * Note that in this case on Windows it will be the same
1271 * as what g_get_user_data_dir() returns.
1273 * Returns: (type filename): a string owned by GLib that must not be modified
1278 g_get_user_config_dir (void)
1280 G_LOCK (g_utils_global);
1282 g_init_user_config_dir ();
1284 G_UNLOCK (g_utils_global);
1286 return g_user_config_dir;
1290 * g_get_user_cache_dir:
1292 * Returns a base directory in which to store non-essential, cached
1293 * data specific to particular user.
1295 * On UNIX platforms this is determined using the mechanisms described
1297 * [XDG Base Directory Specification](http://www.freedesktop.org/Standards/basedir-spec).
1298 * In this case the directory retrieved will be `XDG_CACHE_HOME`.
1300 * On Windows it follows XDG Base Directory Specification if `XDG_CACHE_HOME` is defined.
1301 * If `XDG_CACHE_HOME` is undefined, the directory that serves as a common
1302 * repository for temporary Internet files is used instead. A typical path is
1303 * `C:\Documents and Settings\username\Local Settings\Temporary Internet Files`.
1304 * See the [documentation for `CSIDL_INTERNET_CACHE`](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/bb762494%28v=vs.85%29.aspx#csidl_internet_cache).
1306 * Returns: (type filename): a string owned by GLib that must not be modified
1311 g_get_user_cache_dir (void)
1313 gchar *cache_dir = NULL;
1315 G_LOCK (g_utils_global);
1317 if (!g_user_cache_dir)
1319 const gchar *cache_dir_env = g_getenv ("XDG_CACHE_HOME");
1321 if (cache_dir_env && cache_dir_env[0])
1322 cache_dir = g_strdup (cache_dir_env);
1325 cache_dir = get_special_folder (CSIDL_INTERNET_CACHE);
1327 if (!cache_dir || !cache_dir[0])
1329 const gchar *home_dir = g_get_home_dir ();
1332 cache_dir = g_build_filename (home_dir, ".cache", NULL);
1334 cache_dir = g_build_filename (g_get_tmp_dir (), g_get_user_name (), ".cache", NULL);
1336 g_user_cache_dir = cache_dir;
1339 cache_dir = g_user_cache_dir;
1341 G_UNLOCK (g_utils_global);
1347 * g_get_user_runtime_dir:
1349 * Returns a directory that is unique to the current user on the local
1352 * This is determined using the mechanisms described
1354 * [XDG Base Directory Specification](http://www.freedesktop.org/Standards/basedir-spec).
1355 * This is the directory
1356 * specified in the `XDG_RUNTIME_DIR` environment variable.
1357 * In the case that this variable is not set, we return the value of
1358 * g_get_user_cache_dir(), after verifying that it exists.
1360 * Returns: (type filename): a string owned by GLib that must not be
1361 * modified or freed.
1366 g_get_user_runtime_dir (void)
1368 static const gchar *runtime_dir;
1370 if (g_once_init_enter (&runtime_dir))
1374 dir = g_strdup (getenv ("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR"));
1378 /* No need to strdup this one since it is valid forever. */
1379 dir = g_get_user_cache_dir ();
1381 /* The user should be able to rely on the directory existing
1382 * when the function returns. Probably it already does, but
1383 * let's make sure. Just do mkdir() directly since it will be
1384 * no more expensive than a stat() in the case that the
1385 * directory already exists and is a lot easier.
1387 * $XDG_CACHE_HOME is probably ~/.cache/ so as long as $HOME
1388 * exists this will work. If the user changed $XDG_CACHE_HOME
1389 * then they can make sure that it exists...
1391 (void) g_mkdir (dir, 0700);
1394 g_assert (dir != NULL);
1396 g_once_init_leave (&runtime_dir, dir);
1405 find_folder (OSType type)
1407 gchar *filename = NULL;
1410 if (FSFindFolder (kUserDomain, type, kDontCreateFolder, &found) == noErr)
1412 CFURLRef url = CFURLCreateFromFSRef (kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, &found);
1416 CFStringRef path = CFURLCopyFileSystemPath (url, kCFURLPOSIXPathStyle);
1420 filename = g_strdup (CFStringGetCStringPtr (path, kCFStringEncodingUTF8));
1424 filename = g_new0 (gchar, CFStringGetLength (path) * 3 + 1);
1426 CFStringGetCString (path, filename,
1427 CFStringGetLength (path) * 3 + 1,
1428 kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
1442 load_user_special_dirs (void)
1444 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_DESKTOP] = find_folder (kDesktopFolderType);
1445 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_DOCUMENTS] = find_folder (kDocumentsFolderType);
1446 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_DOWNLOAD] = find_folder (kDesktopFolderType); /* XXX correct ? */
1447 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_MUSIC] = find_folder (kMusicDocumentsFolderType);
1448 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_PICTURES] = find_folder (kPictureDocumentsFolderType);
1449 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_PUBLIC_SHARE] = NULL;
1450 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_TEMPLATES] = NULL;
1451 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_VIDEOS] = find_folder (kMovieDocumentsFolderType);
1454 #elif defined(G_OS_WIN32)
1457 load_user_special_dirs (void)
1459 typedef HRESULT (WINAPI *t_SHGetKnownFolderPath) (const GUID *rfid,
1463 t_SHGetKnownFolderPath p_SHGetKnownFolderPath;
1465 static const GUID FOLDERID_Downloads =
1466 { 0x374de290, 0x123f, 0x4565, { 0x91, 0x64, 0x39, 0xc4, 0x92, 0x5e, 0x46, 0x7b } };
1467 static const GUID FOLDERID_Public =
1468 { 0xDFDF76A2, 0xC82A, 0x4D63, { 0x90, 0x6A, 0x56, 0x44, 0xAC, 0x45, 0x73, 0x85 } };
1472 p_SHGetKnownFolderPath = (t_SHGetKnownFolderPath) GetProcAddress (GetModuleHandle ("shell32.dll"),
1473 "SHGetKnownFolderPath");
1475 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_DESKTOP] = get_special_folder (CSIDL_DESKTOPDIRECTORY);
1476 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_DOCUMENTS] = get_special_folder (CSIDL_PERSONAL);
1478 if (p_SHGetKnownFolderPath == NULL)
1480 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_DOWNLOAD] = get_special_folder (CSIDL_DESKTOPDIRECTORY);
1485 (*p_SHGetKnownFolderPath) (&FOLDERID_Downloads, 0, NULL, &wcp);
1488 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_DOWNLOAD] = g_utf16_to_utf8 (wcp, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
1489 if (g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_DOWNLOAD] == NULL)
1490 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_DOWNLOAD] = get_special_folder (CSIDL_DESKTOPDIRECTORY);
1491 CoTaskMemFree (wcp);
1494 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_DOWNLOAD] = get_special_folder (CSIDL_DESKTOPDIRECTORY);
1497 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_MUSIC] = get_special_folder (CSIDL_MYMUSIC);
1498 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_PICTURES] = get_special_folder (CSIDL_MYPICTURES);
1500 if (p_SHGetKnownFolderPath == NULL)
1503 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_PUBLIC_SHARE] = get_special_folder (CSIDL_COMMON_DOCUMENTS);
1508 (*p_SHGetKnownFolderPath) (&FOLDERID_Public, 0, NULL, &wcp);
1511 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_PUBLIC_SHARE] = g_utf16_to_utf8 (wcp, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
1512 if (g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_PUBLIC_SHARE] == NULL)
1513 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_PUBLIC_SHARE] = get_special_folder (CSIDL_COMMON_DOCUMENTS);
1514 CoTaskMemFree (wcp);
1517 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_PUBLIC_SHARE] = get_special_folder (CSIDL_COMMON_DOCUMENTS);
1520 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_TEMPLATES] = get_special_folder (CSIDL_TEMPLATES);
1521 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_VIDEOS] = get_special_folder (CSIDL_MYVIDEO);
1524 #else /* default is unix */
1526 /* adapted from xdg-user-dir-lookup.c
1528 * Copyright (C) 2007 Red Hat Inc.
1530 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
1531 * obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files
1532 * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
1533 * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
1534 * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
1535 * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
1536 * subject to the following conditions:
1538 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
1539 * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
1541 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
1542 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
1543 * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
1544 * NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
1545 * BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
1546 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
1547 * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
1551 load_user_special_dirs (void)
1558 g_init_user_config_dir ();
1559 config_file = g_build_filename (g_user_config_dir,
1563 if (!g_file_get_contents (config_file, &data, NULL, NULL))
1565 g_free (config_file);
1569 lines = g_strsplit (data, "\n", -1);
1570 n_lines = g_strv_length (lines);
1573 for (i = 0; i < n_lines; i++)
1575 gchar *buffer = lines[i];
1578 gboolean is_relative = FALSE;
1579 GUserDirectory directory;
1581 /* Remove newline at end */
1582 len = strlen (buffer);
1583 if (len > 0 && buffer[len - 1] == '\n')
1584 buffer[len - 1] = 0;
1587 while (*p == ' ' || *p == '\t')
1590 if (strncmp (p, "XDG_DESKTOP_DIR", strlen ("XDG_DESKTOP_DIR")) == 0)
1592 directory = G_USER_DIRECTORY_DESKTOP;
1593 p += strlen ("XDG_DESKTOP_DIR");
1595 else if (strncmp (p, "XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR", strlen ("XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR")) == 0)
1597 directory = G_USER_DIRECTORY_DOCUMENTS;
1598 p += strlen ("XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR");
1600 else if (strncmp (p, "XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR", strlen ("XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR")) == 0)
1602 directory = G_USER_DIRECTORY_DOWNLOAD;
1603 p += strlen ("XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR");
1605 else if (strncmp (p, "XDG_MUSIC_DIR", strlen ("XDG_MUSIC_DIR")) == 0)
1607 directory = G_USER_DIRECTORY_MUSIC;
1608 p += strlen ("XDG_MUSIC_DIR");
1610 else if (strncmp (p, "XDG_PICTURES_DIR", strlen ("XDG_PICTURES_DIR")) == 0)
1612 directory = G_USER_DIRECTORY_PICTURES;
1613 p += strlen ("XDG_PICTURES_DIR");
1615 else if (strncmp (p, "XDG_PUBLICSHARE_DIR", strlen ("XDG_PUBLICSHARE_DIR")) == 0)
1617 directory = G_USER_DIRECTORY_PUBLIC_SHARE;
1618 p += strlen ("XDG_PUBLICSHARE_DIR");
1620 else if (strncmp (p, "XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR", strlen ("XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR")) == 0)
1622 directory = G_USER_DIRECTORY_TEMPLATES;
1623 p += strlen ("XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR");
1625 else if (strncmp (p, "XDG_VIDEOS_DIR", strlen ("XDG_VIDEOS_DIR")) == 0)
1627 directory = G_USER_DIRECTORY_VIDEOS;
1628 p += strlen ("XDG_VIDEOS_DIR");
1633 while (*p == ' ' || *p == '\t')
1640 while (*p == ' ' || *p == '\t')
1647 if (strncmp (p, "$HOME", 5) == 0)
1655 d = strrchr (p, '"');
1662 /* remove trailing slashes */
1664 if (d[len - 1] == '/')
1669 g_user_special_dirs[directory] = g_build_filename (g_get_home_dir (), d, NULL);
1672 g_user_special_dirs[directory] = g_strdup (d);
1676 g_free (config_file);
1679 #endif /* platform-specific load_user_special_dirs implementations */
1683 * g_reload_user_special_dirs_cache:
1685 * Resets the cache used for g_get_user_special_dir(), so
1686 * that the latest on-disk version is used. Call this only
1687 * if you just changed the data on disk yourself.
1689 * Due to threadsafety issues this may cause leaking of strings
1690 * that were previously returned from g_get_user_special_dir()
1691 * that can't be freed. We ensure to only leak the data for
1692 * the directories that actually changed value though.
1697 g_reload_user_special_dirs_cache (void)
1701 G_LOCK (g_utils_global);
1703 if (g_user_special_dirs != NULL)
1705 /* save a copy of the pointer, to check if some memory can be preserved */
1706 char **old_g_user_special_dirs = g_user_special_dirs;
1709 /* recreate and reload our cache */
1710 g_user_special_dirs = g_new0 (gchar *, G_USER_N_DIRECTORIES);
1711 load_user_special_dirs ();
1713 /* only leak changed directories */
1714 for (i = 0; i < G_USER_N_DIRECTORIES; i++)
1716 old_val = old_g_user_special_dirs[i];
1717 if (g_user_special_dirs[i] == NULL)
1719 g_user_special_dirs[i] = old_val;
1721 else if (g_strcmp0 (old_val, g_user_special_dirs[i]) == 0)
1724 g_free (g_user_special_dirs[i]);
1725 g_user_special_dirs[i] = old_val;
1731 /* free the old array */
1732 g_free (old_g_user_special_dirs);
1735 G_UNLOCK (g_utils_global);
1739 * g_get_user_special_dir:
1740 * @directory: the logical id of special directory
1742 * Returns the full path of a special directory using its logical id.
1744 * On UNIX this is done using the XDG special user directories.
1745 * For compatibility with existing practise, %G_USER_DIRECTORY_DESKTOP
1746 * falls back to `$HOME/Desktop` when XDG special user directories have
1749 * Depending on the platform, the user might be able to change the path
1750 * of the special directory without requiring the session to restart; GLib
1751 * will not reflect any change once the special directories are loaded.
1753 * Returns: (type filename): the path to the specified special directory, or
1754 * %NULL if the logical id was not found. The returned string is owned by
1755 * GLib and should not be modified or freed.
1760 g_get_user_special_dir (GUserDirectory directory)
1762 g_return_val_if_fail (directory >= G_USER_DIRECTORY_DESKTOP &&
1763 directory < G_USER_N_DIRECTORIES, NULL);
1765 G_LOCK (g_utils_global);
1767 if (G_UNLIKELY (g_user_special_dirs == NULL))
1769 g_user_special_dirs = g_new0 (gchar *, G_USER_N_DIRECTORIES);
1771 load_user_special_dirs ();
1773 /* Special-case desktop for historical compatibility */
1774 if (g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_DESKTOP] == NULL)
1775 g_user_special_dirs[G_USER_DIRECTORY_DESKTOP] = g_build_filename (g_get_home_dir (), "Desktop", NULL);
1778 G_UNLOCK (g_utils_global);
1780 return g_user_special_dirs[directory];
1785 #undef g_get_system_data_dirs
1788 get_module_for_address (gconstpointer address)
1790 /* Holds the g_utils_global lock */
1792 static gboolean beenhere = FALSE;
1793 typedef BOOL (WINAPI *t_GetModuleHandleExA) (DWORD, LPCTSTR, HMODULE *);
1794 static t_GetModuleHandleExA p_GetModuleHandleExA = NULL;
1795 HMODULE hmodule = NULL;
1802 p_GetModuleHandleExA =
1803 (t_GetModuleHandleExA) GetProcAddress (GetModuleHandle ("kernel32.dll"),
1804 "GetModuleHandleExA");
1808 if (p_GetModuleHandleExA == NULL ||
1809 !(*p_GetModuleHandleExA) (GET_MODULE_HANDLE_EX_FLAG_UNCHANGED_REFCOUNT |
1810 GET_MODULE_HANDLE_EX_FLAG_FROM_ADDRESS,
1813 MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION mbi;
1814 VirtualQuery (address, &mbi, sizeof (mbi));
1815 hmodule = (HMODULE) mbi.AllocationBase;
1822 get_module_share_dir (gconstpointer address)
1828 hmodule = get_module_for_address (address);
1829 if (hmodule == NULL)
1832 filename = g_win32_get_package_installation_directory_of_module (hmodule);
1833 retval = g_build_filename (filename, "share", NULL);
1839 static const gchar * const *
1840 g_win32_get_system_data_dirs_for_module_real (void (*address_of_function)(void))
1844 static GHashTable *per_module_data_dirs = NULL;
1850 if (address_of_function)
1852 G_LOCK (g_utils_global);
1853 hmodule = get_module_for_address (address_of_function);
1854 if (hmodule != NULL)
1856 if (per_module_data_dirs == NULL)
1857 per_module_data_dirs = g_hash_table_new (NULL, NULL);
1860 retval = g_hash_table_lookup (per_module_data_dirs, hmodule);
1864 G_UNLOCK (g_utils_global);
1865 return (const gchar * const *) retval;
1871 data_dirs = g_array_new (TRUE, TRUE, sizeof (char *));
1873 /* Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data */
1874 p = get_special_folder (CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA);
1876 g_array_append_val (data_dirs, p);
1878 /* Documents and Settings\All Users\Documents */
1879 p = get_special_folder (CSIDL_COMMON_DOCUMENTS);
1881 g_array_append_val (data_dirs, p);
1883 /* Using the above subfolders of Documents and Settings perhaps
1884 * makes sense from a Windows perspective.
1886 * But looking at the actual use cases of this function in GTK+
1887 * and GNOME software, what we really want is the "share"
1888 * subdirectory of the installation directory for the package
1889 * our caller is a part of.
1891 * The address_of_function parameter, if non-NULL, points to a
1892 * function in the calling module. Use that to determine that
1893 * module's installation folder, and use its "share" subfolder.
1895 * Additionally, also use the "share" subfolder of the installation
1896 * locations of GLib and the .exe file being run.
1898 * To guard against none of the above being what is really wanted,
1899 * callers of this function should have Win32-specific code to look
1900 * up their installation folder themselves, and handle a subfolder
1901 * "share" of it in the same way as the folders returned from this
1905 p = get_module_share_dir (address_of_function);
1907 g_array_append_val (data_dirs, p);
1909 if (glib_dll != NULL)
1911 gchar *glib_root = g_win32_get_package_installation_directory_of_module (glib_dll);
1912 p = g_build_filename (glib_root, "share", NULL);
1914 g_array_append_val (data_dirs, p);
1918 exe_root = g_win32_get_package_installation_directory_of_module (NULL);
1919 p = g_build_filename (exe_root, "share", NULL);
1921 g_array_append_val (data_dirs, p);
1924 retval = (gchar **) g_array_free (data_dirs, FALSE);
1926 if (address_of_function)
1928 if (hmodule != NULL)
1929 g_hash_table_insert (per_module_data_dirs, hmodule, retval);
1930 G_UNLOCK (g_utils_global);
1933 return (const gchar * const *) retval;
1936 const gchar * const *
1937 g_win32_get_system_data_dirs_for_module (void (*address_of_function)(void))
1939 gboolean should_call_g_get_system_data_dirs;
1941 should_call_g_get_system_data_dirs = TRUE;
1942 /* These checks are the same as the ones that g_get_system_data_dirs() does.
1943 * Please keep them in sync.
1945 G_LOCK (g_utils_global);
1947 if (!g_system_data_dirs)
1949 const gchar *data_dirs = g_getenv ("XDG_DATA_DIRS");
1951 if (!data_dirs || !data_dirs[0])
1952 should_call_g_get_system_data_dirs = FALSE;
1955 G_UNLOCK (g_utils_global);
1957 /* There is a subtle difference between g_win32_get_system_data_dirs_for_module (NULL),
1958 * which is what GLib code can normally call,
1959 * and g_win32_get_system_data_dirs_for_module (&_g_win32_get_system_data_dirs),
1960 * which is what the inline function used by non-GLib code calls.
1961 * The former gets prefix relative to currently-running executable,
1962 * the latter - relative to the module that calls _g_win32_get_system_data_dirs()
1963 * (disguised as g_get_system_data_dirs()), which could be an executable or
1964 * a DLL that is located somewhere else.
1965 * This is why that inline function in gutils.h exists, and why we can't just
1966 * call g_get_system_data_dirs() from there - because we need to get the address
1967 * local to the non-GLib caller-module.
1971 * g_get_system_data_dirs() will fall back to calling
1972 * g_win32_get_system_data_dirs_for_module_real(NULL) if XDG_DATA_DIRS is NULL
1973 * or an empty string. The checks above ensure that we do not call it in such
1974 * cases and use the address_of_function that we've been given by the inline function.
1975 * The reason we're calling g_get_system_data_dirs /at all/ is to give
1976 * XDG_DATA_DIRS precedence (if it is set).
1978 if (should_call_g_get_system_data_dirs)
1979 return g_get_system_data_dirs ();
1981 return g_win32_get_system_data_dirs_for_module_real (address_of_function);
1987 * g_get_system_data_dirs:
1989 * Returns an ordered list of base directories in which to access
1990 * system-wide application data.
1992 * On UNIX platforms this is determined using the mechanisms described
1994 * [XDG Base Directory Specification](http://www.freedesktop.org/Standards/basedir-spec)
1995 * In this case the list of directories retrieved will be `XDG_DATA_DIRS`.
1997 * On Windows it follows XDG Base Directory Specification if `XDG_DATA_DIRS` is defined.
1998 * If `XDG_DATA_DIRS` is undefined,
1999 * the first elements in the list are the Application Data
2000 * and Documents folders for All Users. (These can be determined only
2001 * on Windows 2000 or later and are not present in the list on other
2002 * Windows versions.) See documentation for CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA and
2003 * CSIDL_COMMON_DOCUMENTS.
2005 * Then follows the "share" subfolder in the installation folder for
2006 * the package containing the DLL that calls this function, if it can
2009 * Finally the list contains the "share" subfolder in the installation
2010 * folder for GLib, and in the installation folder for the package the
2011 * application's .exe file belongs to.
2013 * The installation folders above are determined by looking up the
2014 * folder where the module (DLL or EXE) in question is located. If the
2015 * folder's name is "bin", its parent is used, otherwise the folder
2018 * Note that on Windows the returned list can vary depending on where
2019 * this function is called.
2021 * Returns: (array zero-terminated=1) (element-type filename) (transfer none):
2022 * a %NULL-terminated array of strings owned by GLib that must not be
2023 * modified or freed.
2027 const gchar * const *
2028 g_get_system_data_dirs (void)
2030 gchar **data_dir_vector;
2032 /* These checks are the same as the ones that g_win32_get_system_data_dirs_for_module()
2033 * does. Please keep them in sync.
2035 G_LOCK (g_utils_global);
2037 if (!g_system_data_dirs)
2039 gchar *data_dirs = (gchar *) g_getenv ("XDG_DATA_DIRS");
2042 if (!data_dirs || !data_dirs[0])
2043 data_dirs = "/usr/local/share/:/usr/share/";
2045 data_dir_vector = g_strsplit (data_dirs, G_SEARCHPATH_SEPARATOR_S, 0);
2047 if (!data_dirs || !data_dirs[0])
2048 data_dir_vector = g_strdupv ((gchar **) g_win32_get_system_data_dirs_for_module_real (NULL));
2050 data_dir_vector = g_strsplit (data_dirs, G_SEARCHPATH_SEPARATOR_S, 0);
2053 g_system_data_dirs = data_dir_vector;
2056 data_dir_vector = g_system_data_dirs;
2058 G_UNLOCK (g_utils_global);
2060 return (const gchar * const *) data_dir_vector;
2064 * g_get_system_config_dirs:
2066 * Returns an ordered list of base directories in which to access
2067 * system-wide configuration information.
2069 * On UNIX platforms this is determined using the mechanisms described
2071 * [XDG Base Directory Specification](http://www.freedesktop.org/Standards/basedir-spec).
2072 * In this case the list of directories retrieved will be `XDG_CONFIG_DIRS`.
2074 * On Windows it follows XDG Base Directory Specification if `XDG_CONFIG_DIRS` is defined.
2075 * If `XDG_CONFIG_DIRS` is undefined, the directory that contains application
2076 * data for all users is used instead. A typical path is
2077 * `C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data`.
2078 * This folder is used for application data
2079 * that is not user specific. For example, an application can store
2080 * a spell-check dictionary, a database of clip art, or a log file in the
2081 * CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA folder. This information will not roam and is available
2082 * to anyone using the computer.
2084 * Returns: (array zero-terminated=1) (element-type filename) (transfer none):
2085 * a %NULL-terminated array of strings owned by GLib that must not be
2086 * modified or freed.
2090 const gchar * const *
2091 g_get_system_config_dirs (void)
2093 gchar **conf_dir_vector;
2095 G_LOCK (g_utils_global);
2097 if (!g_system_config_dirs)
2099 const gchar *conf_dirs = g_getenv ("XDG_CONFIG_DIRS");
2103 conf_dir_vector = g_strsplit (conf_dirs, G_SEARCHPATH_SEPARATOR_S, 0);
2107 gchar *special_conf_dirs = get_special_folder (CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA);
2109 if (special_conf_dirs)
2110 conf_dir_vector = g_strsplit (special_conf_dirs, G_SEARCHPATH_SEPARATOR_S, 0);
2112 /* Return empty list */
2113 conf_dir_vector = g_strsplit ("", G_SEARCHPATH_SEPARATOR_S, 0);
2115 g_free (special_conf_dirs);
2118 if (!conf_dirs || !conf_dirs[0])
2119 conf_dirs = "/etc/xdg";
2121 conf_dir_vector = g_strsplit (conf_dirs, G_SEARCHPATH_SEPARATOR_S, 0);
2124 g_system_config_dirs = conf_dir_vector;
2127 conf_dir_vector = g_system_config_dirs;
2128 G_UNLOCK (g_utils_global);
2130 return (const gchar * const *) conf_dir_vector;
2134 * g_nullify_pointer:
2135 * @nullify_location: (not nullable): the memory address of the pointer.
2137 * Set the pointer at the specified location to %NULL.
2140 g_nullify_pointer (gpointer *nullify_location)
2142 g_return_if_fail (nullify_location != NULL);
2144 *nullify_location = NULL;
2147 #define KILOBYTE_FACTOR (G_GOFFSET_CONSTANT (1000))
2148 #define MEGABYTE_FACTOR (KILOBYTE_FACTOR * KILOBYTE_FACTOR)
2149 #define GIGABYTE_FACTOR (MEGABYTE_FACTOR * KILOBYTE_FACTOR)
2150 #define TERABYTE_FACTOR (GIGABYTE_FACTOR * KILOBYTE_FACTOR)
2151 #define PETABYTE_FACTOR (TERABYTE_FACTOR * KILOBYTE_FACTOR)
2152 #define EXABYTE_FACTOR (PETABYTE_FACTOR * KILOBYTE_FACTOR)
2154 #define KIBIBYTE_FACTOR (G_GOFFSET_CONSTANT (1024))
2155 #define MEBIBYTE_FACTOR (KIBIBYTE_FACTOR * KIBIBYTE_FACTOR)
2156 #define GIBIBYTE_FACTOR (MEBIBYTE_FACTOR * KIBIBYTE_FACTOR)
2157 #define TEBIBYTE_FACTOR (GIBIBYTE_FACTOR * KIBIBYTE_FACTOR)
2158 #define PEBIBYTE_FACTOR (TEBIBYTE_FACTOR * KIBIBYTE_FACTOR)
2159 #define EXBIBYTE_FACTOR (PEBIBYTE_FACTOR * KIBIBYTE_FACTOR)
2163 * @size: a size in bytes
2165 * Formats a size (for example the size of a file) into a human readable
2166 * string. Sizes are rounded to the nearest size prefix (kB, MB, GB)
2167 * and are displayed rounded to the nearest tenth. E.g. the file size
2168 * 3292528 bytes will be converted into the string "3.2 MB".
2170 * The prefix units base is 1000 (i.e. 1 kB is 1000 bytes).
2172 * This string should be freed with g_free() when not needed any longer.
2174 * See g_format_size_full() for more options about how the size might be
2177 * Returns: a newly-allocated formatted string containing a human readable
2183 g_format_size (guint64 size)
2185 return g_format_size_full (size, G_FORMAT_SIZE_DEFAULT);
2190 * @G_FORMAT_SIZE_DEFAULT: behave the same as g_format_size()
2191 * @G_FORMAT_SIZE_LONG_FORMAT: include the exact number of bytes as part
2192 * of the returned string. For example, "45.6 kB (45,612 bytes)".
2193 * @G_FORMAT_SIZE_IEC_UNITS: use IEC (base 1024) units with "KiB"-style
2194 * suffixes. IEC units should only be used for reporting things with
2195 * a strong "power of 2" basis, like RAM sizes or RAID stripe sizes.
2196 * Network and storage sizes should be reported in the normal SI units.
2197 * @G_FORMAT_SIZE_BITS: set the size as a quantity in bits, rather than
2198 * bytes, and return units in bits. For example, ‘Mb’ rather than ‘MB’.
2200 * Flags to modify the format of the string returned by g_format_size_full().
2203 #pragma GCC diagnostic push
2204 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wformat-nonliteral"
2207 * g_format_size_full:
2208 * @size: a size in bytes
2209 * @flags: #GFormatSizeFlags to modify the output
2213 * This function is similar to g_format_size() but allows for flags
2214 * that modify the output. See #GFormatSizeFlags.
2216 * Returns: a newly-allocated formatted string containing a human
2217 * readable file size
2222 g_format_size_full (guint64 size,
2223 GFormatSizeFlags flags)
2239 const struct Format formats[4][6] = {
2241 { KILOBYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f kB") },
2242 { MEGABYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f MB") },
2243 { GIGABYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f GB") },
2244 { TERABYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f TB") },
2245 { PETABYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f PB") },
2246 { EXABYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f EB") }
2249 { KIBIBYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f KiB") },
2250 { MEBIBYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f MiB") },
2251 { GIBIBYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f GiB") },
2252 { TEBIBYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f TiB") },
2253 { PEBIBYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f PiB") },
2254 { EXBIBYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f EiB") }
2257 { KILOBYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f kb") },
2258 { MEGABYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f Mb") },
2259 { GIGABYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f Gb") },
2260 { TERABYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f Tb") },
2261 { PETABYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f Pb") },
2262 { EXABYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f Eb") }
2265 { KIBIBYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f Kib") },
2266 { MEBIBYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f Mib") },
2267 { GIBIBYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f Gib") },
2268 { TEBIBYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f Tib") },
2269 { PEBIBYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f Pib") },
2270 { EXBIBYTE_FACTOR, N_("%.1f Eib") }
2277 string = g_string_new (NULL);
2279 switch (flags & ~G_FORMAT_SIZE_LONG_FORMAT)
2281 case G_FORMAT_SIZE_DEFAULT:
2282 index = FORMAT_BYTES;
2284 case (G_FORMAT_SIZE_DEFAULT | G_FORMAT_SIZE_IEC_UNITS):
2285 index = FORMAT_BYTES_IEC;
2287 case G_FORMAT_SIZE_BITS:
2288 index = FORMAT_BITS;
2290 case (G_FORMAT_SIZE_BITS | G_FORMAT_SIZE_IEC_UNITS):
2291 index = FORMAT_BITS_IEC;
2294 g_assert_not_reached ();
2298 if (size < formats[index][0].factor)
2300 const char * format;
2302 if (index == FORMAT_BYTES || index == FORMAT_BYTES_IEC)
2304 format = g_dngettext (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, "%u byte", "%u bytes", (guint) size);
2308 format = g_dngettext (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, "%u bit", "%u bits", (guint) size);
2311 g_string_printf (string, format, (guint) size);
2313 flags &= ~G_FORMAT_SIZE_LONG_FORMAT;
2317 const gsize n = G_N_ELEMENTS (formats[index]);
2321 * Point the last format (the highest unit) by default
2322 * and then then scan all formats, starting with the 2nd one
2323 * because the 1st is already managed by with the plural form
2325 const struct Format * f = &formats[index][n - 1];
2327 for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
2329 if (size < formats[index][i].factor)
2331 f = &formats[index][i - 1];
2336 g_string_printf (string, _(f->string), (gdouble) size / (gdouble) f->factor);
2339 if (flags & G_FORMAT_SIZE_LONG_FORMAT)
2341 /* First problem: we need to use the number of bytes to decide on
2342 * the plural form that is used for display, but the number of
2343 * bytes potentially exceeds the size of a guint (which is what
2344 * ngettext() takes).
2346 * From a pragmatic standpoint, it seems that all known languages
2347 * base plural forms on one or both of the following:
2349 * - the lowest digits of the number
2351 * - if the number if greater than some small value
2353 * Here's how we fake it: Draw an arbitrary line at one thousand.
2354 * If the number is below that, then fine. If it is above it,
2355 * then we take the modulus of the number by one thousand (in
2356 * order to keep the lowest digits) and add one thousand to that
2357 * (in order to ensure that 1001 is not treated the same as 1).
2359 guint plural_form = size < 1000 ? size : size % 1000 + 1000;
2361 /* Second problem: we need to translate the string "%u byte/bit" and
2362 * "%u bytes/bits" for pluralisation, but the correct number format to
2363 * use for a gsize is different depending on which architecture
2366 * Solution: format the number separately and use "%s bytes/bits" on
2369 const gchar *translated_format;
2370 gchar *formatted_number;
2372 if (index == FORMAT_BYTES || index == FORMAT_BYTES_IEC)
2374 /* Translators: the %s in "%s bytes" will always be replaced by a number. */
2375 translated_format = g_dngettext (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, "%s byte", "%s bytes", plural_form);
2379 /* Translators: the %s in "%s bits" will always be replaced by a number. */
2380 translated_format = g_dngettext (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, "%s bit", "%s bits", plural_form);
2382 /* XXX: Windows doesn't support the "'" format modifier, so we
2383 * must not use it there. Instead, just display the number
2384 * without separation. Bug #655336 is open until a solution is
2388 formatted_number = g_strdup_printf ("%'"G_GUINT64_FORMAT, size);
2390 formatted_number = g_strdup_printf ("%"G_GUINT64_FORMAT, size);
2393 g_string_append (string, " (");
2394 g_string_append_printf (string, translated_format, formatted_number);
2395 g_free (formatted_number);
2396 g_string_append (string, ")");
2399 return g_string_free (string, FALSE);
2402 #pragma GCC diagnostic pop
2405 * g_format_size_for_display:
2406 * @size: a size in bytes
2408 * Formats a size (for example the size of a file) into a human
2409 * readable string. Sizes are rounded to the nearest size prefix
2410 * (KB, MB, GB) and are displayed rounded to the nearest tenth.
2411 * E.g. the file size 3292528 bytes will be converted into the
2414 * The prefix units base is 1024 (i.e. 1 KB is 1024 bytes).
2416 * This string should be freed with g_free() when not needed any longer.
2418 * Returns: a newly-allocated formatted string containing a human
2419 * readable file size
2423 * Deprecated:2.30: This function is broken due to its use of SI
2424 * suffixes to denote IEC units. Use g_format_size() instead.
2427 g_format_size_for_display (goffset size)
2429 if (size < (goffset) KIBIBYTE_FACTOR)
2430 return g_strdup_printf (g_dngettext(GETTEXT_PACKAGE, "%u byte", "%u bytes",(guint) size), (guint) size);
2433 gdouble displayed_size;
2435 if (size < (goffset) MEBIBYTE_FACTOR)
2437 displayed_size = (gdouble) size / (gdouble) KIBIBYTE_FACTOR;
2438 /* Translators: this is from the deprecated function g_format_size_for_display() which uses 'KB' to
2439 * mean 1024 bytes. I am aware that 'KB' is not correct, but it has been preserved for reasons of
2440 * compatibility. Users will not see this string unless a program is using this deprecated function.
2441 * Please translate as literally as possible.
2443 return g_strdup_printf (_("%.1f KB"), displayed_size);
2445 else if (size < (goffset) GIBIBYTE_FACTOR)
2447 displayed_size = (gdouble) size / (gdouble) MEBIBYTE_FACTOR;
2448 return g_strdup_printf (_("%.1f MB"), displayed_size);
2450 else if (size < (goffset) TEBIBYTE_FACTOR)
2452 displayed_size = (gdouble) size / (gdouble) GIBIBYTE_FACTOR;
2453 return g_strdup_printf (_("%.1f GB"), displayed_size);
2455 else if (size < (goffset) PEBIBYTE_FACTOR)
2457 displayed_size = (gdouble) size / (gdouble) TEBIBYTE_FACTOR;
2458 return g_strdup_printf (_("%.1f TB"), displayed_size);
2460 else if (size < (goffset) EXBIBYTE_FACTOR)
2462 displayed_size = (gdouble) size / (gdouble) PEBIBYTE_FACTOR;
2463 return g_strdup_printf (_("%.1f PB"), displayed_size);
2467 displayed_size = (gdouble) size / (gdouble) EXBIBYTE_FACTOR;
2468 return g_strdup_printf (_("%.1f EB"), displayed_size);
2473 #if defined (G_OS_WIN32) && !defined (_WIN64)
2475 /* Binary compatibility versions. Not for newly compiled code. */
2477 _GLIB_EXTERN const gchar *g_get_user_name_utf8 (void);
2478 _GLIB_EXTERN const gchar *g_get_real_name_utf8 (void);
2479 _GLIB_EXTERN const gchar *g_get_home_dir_utf8 (void);
2480 _GLIB_EXTERN const gchar *g_get_tmp_dir_utf8 (void);
2481 _GLIB_EXTERN gchar *g_find_program_in_path_utf8 (const gchar *program);
2484 g_find_program_in_path_utf8 (const gchar *program)
2486 return g_find_program_in_path (program);
2489 const gchar *g_get_user_name_utf8 (void) { return g_get_user_name (); }
2490 const gchar *g_get_real_name_utf8 (void) { return g_get_real_name (); }
2491 const gchar *g_get_home_dir_utf8 (void) { return g_get_home_dir (); }
2492 const gchar *g_get_tmp_dir_utf8 (void) { return g_get_tmp_dir (); }
2498 * Returns %TRUE if the current process was executed as setuid (or an
2499 * equivalent __libc_enable_secure is available). See:
2500 * http://osdir.com/ml/linux.lfs.hardened/2007-04/msg00032.html
2503 g_check_setuid (void)
2505 /* TODO: get __libc_enable_secure exported from glibc.
2506 * See http://www.openwall.com/lists/owl-dev/2012/08/14/1
2508 #if 0 && defined(HAVE_LIBC_ENABLE_SECURE)
2510 /* See glibc/include/unistd.h */
2511 extern int __libc_enable_secure;
2512 return __libc_enable_secure;
2514 #elif defined(HAVE_ISSETUGID) && !defined(__BIONIC__)
2515 /* BSD: http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=issetugid&sektion=2 */
2517 /* Android had it in older versions but the new 64 bit ABI does not
2518 * have it anymore, and some versions of the 32 bit ABI neither.
2519 * https://code.google.com/p/android-developer-preview/issues/detail?id=168
2521 return issetugid ();
2522 #elif defined(G_OS_UNIX)
2523 uid_t ruid, euid, suid; /* Real, effective and saved user ID's */
2524 gid_t rgid, egid, sgid; /* Real, effective and saved group ID's */
2526 static gsize check_setuid_initialised;
2527 static gboolean is_setuid;
2529 if (g_once_init_enter (&check_setuid_initialised))
2531 #ifdef HAVE_GETRESUID
2532 /* These aren't in the header files, so we prototype them here.
2534 int getresuid(uid_t *ruid, uid_t *euid, uid_t *suid);
2535 int getresgid(gid_t *rgid, gid_t *egid, gid_t *sgid);
2537 if (getresuid (&ruid, &euid, &suid) != 0 ||
2538 getresgid (&rgid, &egid, &sgid) != 0)
2539 #endif /* HAVE_GETRESUID */
2541 suid = ruid = getuid ();
2542 sgid = rgid = getgid ();
2547 is_setuid = (ruid != euid || ruid != suid ||
2548 rgid != egid || rgid != sgid);
2550 g_once_init_leave (&check_setuid_initialised, 1);
2562 * A wrapper for the POSIX abort() function.
2564 * On Windows it is a function that makes extra effort (including a call
2565 * to abort()) to ensure that a debugger-catchable exception is thrown
2566 * before the program terminates.
2568 * See your C library manual for more details about abort().
2575 /* One call to break the debugger */
2577 /* One call in case CRT does get saner about abort() behaviour */
2579 /* And one call to bind them all and terminate the program for sure */