1 /* GLIB - Library of useful routines for C programming
2 * Copyright (C) 1995-1997 Peter Mattis, Spencer Kimball and Josh MacDonald
4 * GNode: N-way tree implementation.
5 * Copyright (C) 1998 Tim Janik
7 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
9 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
10 * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
12 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
15 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
18 * License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
22 * Modified by the GLib Team and others 1997-2000. See the AUTHORS
23 * file for a list of people on the GLib Team. See the ChangeLog
24 * files for a list of changes. These files are distributed with
25 * GLib at ftp://ftp.gtk.org/pub/gtk/.
38 #include "gtestutils.h"
43 * @short_description: trees of data with any number of branches
45 * The #GNode struct and its associated functions provide a N-ary tree
46 * data structure, where nodes in the tree can contain arbitrary data.
48 * To create a new tree use g_node_new().
50 * To insert a node into a tree use g_node_insert(),
51 * g_node_insert_before(), g_node_append() and g_node_prepend().
53 * To create a new node and insert it into a tree use
54 * g_node_insert_data(), g_node_insert_data_after(),
55 * g_node_insert_data_before(), g_node_append_data()
56 * and g_node_prepend_data().
58 * To reverse the children of a node use g_node_reverse_children().
60 * To find a node use g_node_get_root(), g_node_find(),
61 * g_node_find_child(), g_node_child_index(), g_node_child_position(),
62 * g_node_first_child(), g_node_last_child(), g_node_nth_child(),
63 * g_node_first_sibling(), g_node_prev_sibling(), g_node_next_sibling()
64 * or g_node_last_sibling().
66 * To get information about a node or tree use G_NODE_IS_LEAF(),
67 * G_NODE_IS_ROOT(), g_node_depth(), g_node_n_nodes(),
68 * g_node_n_children(), g_node_is_ancestor() or g_node_max_height().
70 * To traverse a tree, calling a function for each node visited in the
71 * traversal, use g_node_traverse() or g_node_children_foreach().
73 * To remove a node or subtree from a tree use g_node_unlink() or
79 * @data: contains the actual data of the node.
80 * @next: points to the node's next sibling (a sibling is another
81 * #GNode with the same parent).
82 * @prev: points to the node's previous sibling.
83 * @parent: points to the parent of the #GNode, or is %NULL if the
84 * #GNode is the root of the tree.
85 * @children: points to the first child of the #GNode. The other
86 * children are accessed by using the @next pointer of each
89 * The #GNode struct represents one node in a [n-ary tree][glib-N-ary-Trees].
92 #define g_node_alloc0() g_slice_new0 (GNode)
93 #define g_node_free(node) g_slice_free (GNode, node)
95 /* --- functions --- */
98 * @data: the data of the new node
100 * Creates a new #GNode containing the given data.
101 * Used to create the first node in a tree.
103 * Returns: a new #GNode
106 g_node_new (gpointer data)
108 GNode *node = g_node_alloc0 ();
114 g_nodes_free (GNode *node)
118 GNode *next = node->next;
120 g_nodes_free (node->children);
128 * @root: the root of the tree/subtree to destroy
130 * Removes @root and its children from the tree, freeing any memory
134 g_node_destroy (GNode *root)
136 g_return_if_fail (root != NULL);
138 if (!G_NODE_IS_ROOT (root))
139 g_node_unlink (root);
146 * @node: the #GNode to unlink, which becomes the root of a new tree
148 * Unlinks a #GNode from a tree, resulting in two separate trees.
151 g_node_unlink (GNode *node)
153 g_return_if_fail (node != NULL);
156 node->prev->next = node->next;
157 else if (node->parent)
158 node->parent->children = node->next;
162 node->next->prev = node->prev;
171 * @copy_func: the function which is called to copy the data inside each node,
172 * or %NULL to use the original data.
173 * @data: data to pass to @copy_func
175 * Recursively copies a #GNode and its data.
177 * Returns: a new #GNode containing copies of the data in @node.
182 g_node_copy_deep (GNode *node,
186 GNode *new_node = NULL;
188 if (copy_func == NULL)
189 return g_node_copy (node);
193 GNode *child, *new_child;
195 new_node = g_node_new (copy_func (node->data, data));
197 for (child = g_node_last_child (node); child; child = child->prev)
199 new_child = g_node_copy_deep (child, copy_func, data);
200 g_node_prepend (new_node, new_child);
211 * Recursively copies a #GNode (but does not deep-copy the data inside the
212 * nodes, see g_node_copy_deep() if you need that).
214 * Returns: a new #GNode containing the same data pointers
217 g_node_copy (GNode *node)
219 GNode *new_node = NULL;
225 new_node = g_node_new (node->data);
227 for (child = g_node_last_child (node); child; child = child->prev)
228 g_node_prepend (new_node, g_node_copy (child));
236 * @parent: the #GNode to place @node under
237 * @position: the position to place @node at, with respect to its siblings
238 * If position is -1, @node is inserted as the last child of @parent
239 * @node: the #GNode to insert
241 * Inserts a #GNode beneath the parent at the given position.
243 * Returns: the inserted #GNode
246 g_node_insert (GNode *parent,
250 g_return_val_if_fail (parent != NULL, node);
251 g_return_val_if_fail (node != NULL, node);
252 g_return_val_if_fail (G_NODE_IS_ROOT (node), node);
255 return g_node_insert_before (parent,
256 g_node_nth_child (parent, position),
258 else if (position == 0)
259 return g_node_prepend (parent, node);
260 else /* if (position < 0) */
261 return g_node_append (parent, node);
265 * g_node_insert_before:
266 * @parent: the #GNode to place @node under
267 * @sibling: the sibling #GNode to place @node before.
268 * If sibling is %NULL, the node is inserted as the last child of @parent.
269 * @node: the #GNode to insert
271 * Inserts a #GNode beneath the parent before the given sibling.
273 * Returns: the inserted #GNode
276 g_node_insert_before (GNode *parent,
280 g_return_val_if_fail (parent != NULL, node);
281 g_return_val_if_fail (node != NULL, node);
282 g_return_val_if_fail (G_NODE_IS_ROOT (node), node);
284 g_return_val_if_fail (sibling->parent == parent, node);
286 node->parent = parent;
292 node->prev = sibling->prev;
293 node->prev->next = node;
294 node->next = sibling;
295 sibling->prev = node;
299 node->parent->children = node;
300 node->next = sibling;
301 sibling->prev = node;
306 if (parent->children)
308 sibling = parent->children;
309 while (sibling->next)
310 sibling = sibling->next;
311 node->prev = sibling;
312 sibling->next = node;
315 node->parent->children = node;
322 * g_node_insert_after:
323 * @parent: the #GNode to place @node under
324 * @sibling: the sibling #GNode to place @node after.
325 * If sibling is %NULL, the node is inserted as the first child of @parent.
326 * @node: the #GNode to insert
328 * Inserts a #GNode beneath the parent after the given sibling.
330 * Returns: the inserted #GNode
333 g_node_insert_after (GNode *parent,
337 g_return_val_if_fail (parent != NULL, node);
338 g_return_val_if_fail (node != NULL, node);
339 g_return_val_if_fail (G_NODE_IS_ROOT (node), node);
341 g_return_val_if_fail (sibling->parent == parent, node);
343 node->parent = parent;
349 sibling->next->prev = node;
351 node->next = sibling->next;
352 node->prev = sibling;
353 sibling->next = node;
357 if (parent->children)
359 node->next = parent->children;
360 parent->children->prev = node;
362 parent->children = node;
370 * @parent: the #GNode to place the new #GNode under
371 * @node: the #GNode to insert
373 * Inserts a #GNode as the first child of the given parent.
375 * Returns: the inserted #GNode
378 g_node_prepend (GNode *parent,
381 g_return_val_if_fail (parent != NULL, node);
383 return g_node_insert_before (parent, parent->children, node);
390 * Gets the root of a tree.
392 * Returns: the root of the tree
395 g_node_get_root (GNode *node)
397 g_return_val_if_fail (node != NULL, NULL);
406 * g_node_is_ancestor:
408 * @descendant: a #GNode
410 * Returns %TRUE if @node is an ancestor of @descendant.
411 * This is true if node is the parent of @descendant,
412 * or if node is the grandparent of @descendant etc.
414 * Returns: %TRUE if @node is an ancestor of @descendant
417 g_node_is_ancestor (GNode *node,
420 g_return_val_if_fail (node != NULL, FALSE);
421 g_return_val_if_fail (descendant != NULL, FALSE);
425 if (descendant->parent == node)
428 descendant = descendant->parent;
438 * Gets the depth of a #GNode.
440 * If @node is %NULL the depth is 0. The root node has a depth of 1.
441 * For the children of the root node the depth is 2. And so on.
443 * Returns: the depth of the #GNode
446 g_node_depth (GNode *node)
460 * g_node_reverse_children:
463 * Reverses the order of the children of a #GNode.
464 * (It doesn't change the order of the grandchildren.)
467 g_node_reverse_children (GNode *node)
472 g_return_if_fail (node != NULL);
474 child = node->children;
480 last->next = last->prev;
483 node->children = last;
490 * Gets the maximum height of all branches beneath a #GNode.
491 * This is the maximum distance from the #GNode to all leaf nodes.
493 * If @root is %NULL, 0 is returned. If @root has no children,
494 * 1 is returned. If @root has children, 2 is returned. And so on.
496 * Returns: the maximum height of the tree beneath @root
499 g_node_max_height (GNode *root)
502 guint max_height = 0;
507 child = root->children;
512 tmp_height = g_node_max_height (child);
513 if (tmp_height > max_height)
514 max_height = tmp_height;
518 return max_height + 1;
522 g_node_traverse_pre_order (GNode *node,
523 GTraverseFlags flags,
524 GNodeTraverseFunc func,
531 if ((flags & G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAFS) &&
535 child = node->children;
541 child = current->next;
542 if (g_node_traverse_pre_order (current, flags, func, data))
546 else if ((flags & G_TRAVERSE_LEAFS) &&
554 g_node_depth_traverse_pre_order (GNode *node,
555 GTraverseFlags flags,
557 GNodeTraverseFunc func,
564 if ((flags & G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAFS) &&
572 child = node->children;
578 child = current->next;
579 if (g_node_depth_traverse_pre_order (current, flags, depth, func, data))
583 else if ((flags & G_TRAVERSE_LEAFS) &&
591 g_node_traverse_post_order (GNode *node,
592 GTraverseFlags flags,
593 GNodeTraverseFunc func,
600 child = node->children;
606 child = current->next;
607 if (g_node_traverse_post_order (current, flags, func, data))
611 if ((flags & G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAFS) &&
616 else if ((flags & G_TRAVERSE_LEAFS) &&
624 g_node_depth_traverse_post_order (GNode *node,
625 GTraverseFlags flags,
627 GNodeTraverseFunc func,
637 child = node->children;
643 child = current->next;
644 if (g_node_depth_traverse_post_order (current, flags, depth, func, data))
649 if ((flags & G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAFS) &&
654 else if ((flags & G_TRAVERSE_LEAFS) &&
662 g_node_traverse_in_order (GNode *node,
663 GTraverseFlags flags,
664 GNodeTraverseFunc func,
672 child = node->children;
674 child = current->next;
676 if (g_node_traverse_in_order (current, flags, func, data))
679 if ((flags & G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAFS) &&
686 child = current->next;
687 if (g_node_traverse_in_order (current, flags, func, data))
691 else if ((flags & G_TRAVERSE_LEAFS) &&
699 g_node_depth_traverse_in_order (GNode *node,
700 GTraverseFlags flags,
702 GNodeTraverseFunc func,
713 child = node->children;
715 child = current->next;
717 if (g_node_depth_traverse_in_order (current, flags, depth, func, data))
720 if ((flags & G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAFS) &&
727 child = current->next;
728 if (g_node_depth_traverse_in_order (current, flags, depth, func, data))
732 else if ((flags & G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAFS) &&
736 else if ((flags & G_TRAVERSE_LEAFS) &&
744 g_node_traverse_level (GNode *node,
745 GTraverseFlags flags,
747 GNodeTraverseFunc func,
749 gboolean *more_levels)
756 return (flags & G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAFS) && func (node, data);
760 return (flags & G_TRAVERSE_LEAFS) && func (node, data);
765 node = node->children;
769 if (g_node_traverse_level (node, flags, level - 1, func, data, more_levels))
780 g_node_depth_traverse_level (GNode *node,
781 GTraverseFlags flags,
783 GNodeTraverseFunc func,
787 gboolean more_levels;
790 while (level != depth)
793 if (g_node_traverse_level (node, flags, level, func, data, &more_levels))
804 * @root: the root #GNode of the tree to traverse
805 * @order: the order in which nodes are visited - %G_IN_ORDER,
806 * %G_PRE_ORDER, %G_POST_ORDER, or %G_LEVEL_ORDER.
807 * @flags: which types of children are to be visited, one of
808 * %G_TRAVERSE_ALL, %G_TRAVERSE_LEAVES and %G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAVES
809 * @max_depth: the maximum depth of the traversal. Nodes below this
810 * depth will not be visited. If max_depth is -1 all nodes in
811 * the tree are visited. If depth is 1, only the root is visited.
812 * If depth is 2, the root and its children are visited. And so on.
813 * @func: the function to call for each visited #GNode
814 * @data: user data to pass to the function
816 * Traverses a tree starting at the given root #GNode.
817 * It calls the given function for each node visited.
818 * The traversal can be halted at any point by returning %TRUE from @func.
823 * @G_IN_ORDER: vists a node's left child first, then the node itself,
824 * then its right child. This is the one to use if you
825 * want the output sorted according to the compare
827 * @G_PRE_ORDER: visits a node, then its children.
828 * @G_POST_ORDER: visits the node's children, then the node itself.
829 * @G_LEVEL_ORDER: is not implemented for
830 * [balanced binary trees][glib-Balanced-Binary-Trees].
831 * For [n-ary trees][glib-N-ary-Trees], it
832 * vists the root node first, then its children, then
833 * its grandchildren, and so on. Note that this is less
834 * efficient than the other orders.
836 * Specifies the type of traveral performed by g_tree_traverse(),
837 * g_node_traverse() and g_node_find(). The different orders are
839 * - In order: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I
840 * ![](Sorted_binary_tree_inorder.svg)
841 * - Pre order: F, B, A, D, C, E, G, I, H
842 * ![](Sorted_binary_tree_preorder.svg)
843 * - Post order: A, C, E, D, B, H, I, G, F
844 * ![](Sorted_binary_tree_postorder.svg)
845 * - Level order: F, B, G, A, D, I, C, E, H
846 * ![](Sorted_binary_tree_breadth-first_traversal.svg)
851 * @G_TRAVERSE_LEAVES: only leaf nodes should be visited. This name has
852 * been introduced in 2.6, for older version use
854 * @G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAVES: only non-leaf nodes should be visited. This
855 * name has been introduced in 2.6, for older
856 * version use %G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAFS.
857 * @G_TRAVERSE_ALL: all nodes should be visited.
858 * @G_TRAVERSE_MASK: a mask of all traverse flags.
859 * @G_TRAVERSE_LEAFS: identical to %G_TRAVERSE_LEAVES.
860 * @G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAFS: identical to %G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAVES.
862 * Specifies which nodes are visited during several of the tree
863 * functions, including g_node_traverse() and g_node_find().
868 * @data: user data passed to g_node_traverse().
870 * Specifies the type of function passed to g_node_traverse(). The
871 * function is called with each of the nodes visited, together with the
872 * user data passed to g_node_traverse(). If the function returns
873 * %TRUE, then the traversal is stopped.
875 * Returns: %TRUE to stop the traversal.
878 g_node_traverse (GNode *root,
880 GTraverseFlags flags,
882 GNodeTraverseFunc func,
885 g_return_if_fail (root != NULL);
886 g_return_if_fail (func != NULL);
887 g_return_if_fail (order <= G_LEVEL_ORDER);
888 g_return_if_fail (flags <= G_TRAVERSE_MASK);
889 g_return_if_fail (depth == -1 || depth > 0);
895 g_node_traverse_pre_order (root, flags, func, data);
897 g_node_depth_traverse_pre_order (root, flags, depth, func, data);
901 g_node_traverse_post_order (root, flags, func, data);
903 g_node_depth_traverse_post_order (root, flags, depth, func, data);
907 g_node_traverse_in_order (root, flags, func, data);
909 g_node_depth_traverse_in_order (root, flags, depth, func, data);
912 g_node_depth_traverse_level (root, flags, depth, func, data);
918 g_node_find_func (GNode *node,
923 if (*d != node->data)
933 * @root: the root #GNode of the tree to search
934 * @order: the order in which nodes are visited - %G_IN_ORDER,
935 * %G_PRE_ORDER, %G_POST_ORDER, or %G_LEVEL_ORDER
936 * @flags: which types of children are to be searched, one of
937 * %G_TRAVERSE_ALL, %G_TRAVERSE_LEAVES and %G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAVES
938 * @data: the data to find
940 * Finds a #GNode in a tree.
942 * Returns: the found #GNode, or %NULL if the data is not found
945 g_node_find (GNode *root,
947 GTraverseFlags flags,
952 g_return_val_if_fail (root != NULL, NULL);
953 g_return_val_if_fail (order <= G_LEVEL_ORDER, NULL);
954 g_return_val_if_fail (flags <= G_TRAVERSE_MASK, NULL);
959 g_node_traverse (root, order, flags, -1, g_node_find_func, d);
965 g_node_count_func (GNode *node,
966 GTraverseFlags flags,
973 if (flags & G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAFS)
976 child = node->children;
979 g_node_count_func (child, flags, n);
983 else if (flags & G_TRAVERSE_LEAFS)
990 * @flags: which types of children are to be counted, one of
991 * %G_TRAVERSE_ALL, %G_TRAVERSE_LEAVES and %G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAVES
993 * Gets the number of nodes in a tree.
995 * Returns: the number of nodes in the tree
998 g_node_n_nodes (GNode *root,
999 GTraverseFlags flags)
1003 g_return_val_if_fail (root != NULL, 0);
1004 g_return_val_if_fail (flags <= G_TRAVERSE_MASK, 0);
1006 g_node_count_func (root, flags, &n);
1012 * g_node_last_child:
1013 * @node: a #GNode (must not be %NULL)
1015 * Gets the last child of a #GNode.
1017 * Returns: the last child of @node, or %NULL if @node has no children
1020 g_node_last_child (GNode *node)
1022 g_return_val_if_fail (node != NULL, NULL);
1024 node = node->children;
1035 * @n: the index of the desired child
1037 * Gets a child of a #GNode, using the given index.
1038 * The first child is at index 0. If the index is
1039 * too big, %NULL is returned.
1041 * Returns: the child of @node at index @n
1044 g_node_nth_child (GNode *node,
1047 g_return_val_if_fail (node != NULL, NULL);
1049 node = node->children;
1051 while ((n-- > 0) && node)
1058 * g_node_n_children:
1061 * Gets the number of children of a #GNode.
1063 * Returns: the number of children of @node
1066 g_node_n_children (GNode *node)
1070 g_return_val_if_fail (node != NULL, 0);
1072 node = node->children;
1083 * g_node_find_child:
1085 * @flags: which types of children are to be searched, one of
1086 * %G_TRAVERSE_ALL, %G_TRAVERSE_LEAVES and %G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAVES
1087 * @data: the data to find
1089 * Finds the first child of a #GNode with the given data.
1091 * Returns: the found child #GNode, or %NULL if the data is not found
1094 g_node_find_child (GNode *node,
1095 GTraverseFlags flags,
1098 g_return_val_if_fail (node != NULL, NULL);
1099 g_return_val_if_fail (flags <= G_TRAVERSE_MASK, NULL);
1101 node = node->children;
1104 if (node->data == data)
1106 if (G_NODE_IS_LEAF (node))
1108 if (flags & G_TRAVERSE_LEAFS)
1113 if (flags & G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAFS)
1124 * g_node_child_position:
1126 * @child: a child of @node
1128 * Gets the position of a #GNode with respect to its siblings.
1129 * @child must be a child of @node. The first child is numbered 0,
1130 * the second 1, and so on.
1132 * Returns: the position of @child with respect to its siblings
1135 g_node_child_position (GNode *node,
1140 g_return_val_if_fail (node != NULL, -1);
1141 g_return_val_if_fail (child != NULL, -1);
1142 g_return_val_if_fail (child->parent == node, -1);
1144 node = node->children;
1157 * g_node_child_index:
1159 * @data: the data to find
1161 * Gets the position of the first child of a #GNode
1162 * which contains the given data.
1164 * Returns: the index of the child of @node which contains
1165 * @data, or -1 if the data is not found
1168 g_node_child_index (GNode *node,
1173 g_return_val_if_fail (node != NULL, -1);
1175 node = node->children;
1178 if (node->data == data)
1188 * g_node_first_sibling:
1191 * Gets the first sibling of a #GNode.
1192 * This could possibly be the node itself.
1194 * Returns: the first sibling of @node
1197 g_node_first_sibling (GNode *node)
1199 g_return_val_if_fail (node != NULL, NULL);
1202 return node->parent->children;
1211 * g_node_last_sibling:
1214 * Gets the last sibling of a #GNode.
1215 * This could possibly be the node itself.
1217 * Returns: the last sibling of @node
1220 g_node_last_sibling (GNode *node)
1222 g_return_val_if_fail (node != NULL, NULL);
1231 * g_node_children_foreach:
1233 * @flags: which types of children are to be visited, one of
1234 * %G_TRAVERSE_ALL, %G_TRAVERSE_LEAVES and %G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAVES
1235 * @func: the function to call for each visited node
1236 * @data: user data to pass to the function
1238 * Calls a function for each of the children of a #GNode.
1239 * Note that it doesn't descend beneath the child nodes.
1244 * @data: user data passed to g_node_children_foreach().
1246 * Specifies the type of function passed to g_node_children_foreach().
1247 * The function is called with each child node, together with the user
1248 * data passed to g_node_children_foreach().
1251 g_node_children_foreach (GNode *node,
1252 GTraverseFlags flags,
1253 GNodeForeachFunc func,
1256 g_return_if_fail (node != NULL);
1257 g_return_if_fail (flags <= G_TRAVERSE_MASK);
1258 g_return_if_fail (func != NULL);
1260 node = node->children;
1266 node = current->next;
1267 if (G_NODE_IS_LEAF (current))
1269 if (flags & G_TRAVERSE_LEAFS)
1270 func (current, data);
1274 if (flags & G_TRAVERSE_NON_LEAFS)
1275 func (current, data);