1 /* gfileutils.c - File utility functions
3 * Copyright 2000 Red Hat, Inc.
5 * GLib is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
8 * License, or (at your option) any later version.
10 * GLib is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
13 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
16 * License along with GLib; see the file COPYING.LIB. If not,
17 * write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
18 * Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
22 #include "glibconfig.h"
30 #include <sys/types.h>
41 #endif /* G_OS_WIN32 */
51 #include "gfileutils.h"
56 #ifdef HAVE_LINUX_MAGIC_H /* for btrfs check */
57 #include <linux/magic.h>
64 * @title: File Utilities
65 * @short_description: various file-related functions
67 * There is a group of functions which wrap the common POSIX functions
68 * dealing with filenames (g_open(), g_rename(), g_mkdir(), g_stat(),
69 * g_unlink(), g_remove(), g_fopen(), g_freopen()). The point of these
70 * wrappers is to make it possible to handle file names with any Unicode
71 * characters in them on Windows without having to use ifdefs and the
72 * wide character API in the application code.
74 * The pathname argument should be in the GLib file name encoding.
75 * On POSIX this is the actual on-disk encoding which might correspond
76 * to the locale settings of the process (or the
77 * <envar>G_FILENAME_ENCODING</envar> environment variable), or not.
79 * On Windows the GLib file name encoding is UTF-8. Note that the
80 * Microsoft C library does not use UTF-8, but has separate APIs for
81 * current system code page and wide characters (UTF-16). The GLib
82 * wrappers call the wide character API if present (on modern Windows
83 * systems), otherwise convert to/from the system code page.
85 * Another group of functions allows to open and read directories
86 * in the GLib file name encoding. These are g_dir_open(),
87 * g_dir_read_name(), g_dir_rewind(), g_dir_close().
92 * @G_FILE_ERROR_EXIST: Operation not permitted; only the owner of
93 * the file (or other resource) or processes with special privileges
94 * can perform the operation.
95 * @G_FILE_ERROR_ISDIR: File is a directory; you cannot open a directory
96 * for writing, or create or remove hard links to it.
97 * @G_FILE_ERROR_ACCES: Permission denied; the file permissions do not
98 * allow the attempted operation.
99 * @G_FILE_ERROR_NAMETOOLONG: Filename too long.
100 * @G_FILE_ERROR_NOENT: No such file or directory. This is a "file
101 * doesn't exist" error for ordinary files that are referenced in
102 * contexts where they are expected to already exist.
103 * @G_FILE_ERROR_NOTDIR: A file that isn't a directory was specified when
104 * a directory is required.
105 * @G_FILE_ERROR_NXIO: No such device or address. The system tried to
106 * use the device represented by a file you specified, and it
107 * couldn't find the device. This can mean that the device file was
108 * installed incorrectly, or that the physical device is missing or
109 * not correctly attached to the computer.
110 * @G_FILE_ERROR_NODEV: The underlying file system of the specified file
111 * does not support memory mapping.
112 * @G_FILE_ERROR_ROFS: The directory containing the new link can't be
113 * modified because it's on a read-only file system.
114 * @G_FILE_ERROR_TXTBSY: Text file busy.
115 * @G_FILE_ERROR_FAULT: You passed in a pointer to bad memory.
116 * (GLib won't reliably return this, don't pass in pointers to bad
118 * @G_FILE_ERROR_LOOP: Too many levels of symbolic links were encountered
119 * in looking up a file name. This often indicates a cycle of symbolic
121 * @G_FILE_ERROR_NOSPC: No space left on device; write operation on a
122 * file failed because the disk is full.
123 * @G_FILE_ERROR_NOMEM: No memory available. The system cannot allocate
124 * more virtual memory because its capacity is full.
125 * @G_FILE_ERROR_MFILE: The current process has too many files open and
126 * can't open any more. Duplicate descriptors do count toward this
128 * @G_FILE_ERROR_NFILE: There are too many distinct file openings in the
130 * @G_FILE_ERROR_BADF: Bad file descriptor; for example, I/O on a
131 * descriptor that has been closed or reading from a descriptor open
132 * only for writing (or vice versa).
133 * @G_FILE_ERROR_INVAL: Invalid argument. This is used to indicate
134 * various kinds of problems with passing the wrong argument to a
136 * @G_FILE_ERROR_PIPE: Broken pipe; there is no process reading from the
137 * other end of a pipe. Every library function that returns this
138 * error code also generates a 'SIGPIPE' signal; this signal
139 * terminates the program if not handled or blocked. Thus, your
140 * program will never actually see this code unless it has handled
141 * or blocked 'SIGPIPE'.
142 * @G_FILE_ERROR_AGAIN: Resource temporarily unavailable; the call might
143 * work if you try again later.
144 * @G_FILE_ERROR_INTR: Interrupted function call; an asynchronous signal
145 * occurred and prevented completion of the call. When this
146 * happens, you should try the call again.
147 * @G_FILE_ERROR_IO: Input/output error; usually used for physical read
148 * or write errors. i.e. the disk or other physical device hardware
149 * is returning errors.
150 * @G_FILE_ERROR_PERM: Operation not permitted; only the owner of the
151 * file (or other resource) or processes with special privileges can
152 * perform the operation.
153 * @G_FILE_ERROR_NOSYS: Function not implemented; this indicates that
154 * the system is missing some functionality.
155 * @G_FILE_ERROR_FAILED: Does not correspond to a UNIX error code; this
156 * is the standard "failed for unspecified reason" error code present
157 * in all #GError error code enumerations. Returned if no specific
160 * Values corresponding to @errno codes returned from file operations
161 * on UNIX. Unlike @errno codes, GFileError values are available on
162 * all systems, even Windows. The exact meaning of each code depends
163 * on what sort of file operation you were performing; the UNIX
164 * documentation gives more details. The following error code descriptions
165 * come from the GNU C Library manual, and are under the copyright
168 * It's not very portable to make detailed assumptions about exactly
169 * which errors will be returned from a given operation. Some errors
170 * don't occur on some systems, etc., sometimes there are subtle
171 * differences in when a system will report a given error, etc.
177 * Error domain for file operations. Errors in this domain will
178 * be from the #GFileError enumeration. See #GError for information
184 * @G_FILE_TEST_IS_REGULAR: %TRUE if the file is a regular file
185 * (not a directory). Note that this test will also return %TRUE
186 * if the tested file is a symlink to a regular file.
187 * @G_FILE_TEST_IS_SYMLINK: %TRUE if the file is a symlink.
188 * @G_FILE_TEST_IS_DIR: %TRUE if the file is a directory.
189 * @G_FILE_TEST_IS_EXECUTABLE: %TRUE if the file is executable.
190 * @G_FILE_TEST_EXISTS: %TRUE if the file exists. It may or may not
193 * A test to perform on a file using g_file_test().
197 * g_mkdir_with_parents:
198 * @pathname: a pathname in the GLib file name encoding
199 * @mode: permissions to use for newly created directories
201 * Create a directory if it doesn't already exist. Create intermediate
202 * parent directories as needed, too.
204 * Returns: 0 if the directory already exists, or was successfully
205 * created. Returns -1 if an error occurred, with errno set.
210 g_mkdir_with_parents (const gchar *pathname,
215 if (pathname == NULL || *pathname == '\0')
221 fn = g_strdup (pathname);
223 if (g_path_is_absolute (fn))
224 p = (gchar *) g_path_skip_root (fn);
230 while (*p && !G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (*p))
238 if (!g_file_test (fn, G_FILE_TEST_EXISTS))
240 if (g_mkdir (fn, mode) == -1 && errno != EEXIST)
242 int errno_save = errno;
248 else if (!g_file_test (fn, G_FILE_TEST_IS_DIR))
256 *p++ = G_DIR_SEPARATOR;
257 while (*p && G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (*p))
270 * @filename: a filename to test in the GLib file name encoding
271 * @test: bitfield of #GFileTest flags
273 * Returns %TRUE if any of the tests in the bitfield @test are
274 * %TRUE. For example, <literal>(G_FILE_TEST_EXISTS |
275 * G_FILE_TEST_IS_DIR)</literal> will return %TRUE if the file exists;
276 * the check whether it's a directory doesn't matter since the existence
277 * test is %TRUE. With the current set of available tests, there's no point
278 * passing in more than one test at a time.
280 * Apart from %G_FILE_TEST_IS_SYMLINK all tests follow symbolic links,
281 * so for a symbolic link to a regular file g_file_test() will return
282 * %TRUE for both %G_FILE_TEST_IS_SYMLINK and %G_FILE_TEST_IS_REGULAR.
284 * Note, that for a dangling symbolic link g_file_test() will return
285 * %TRUE for %G_FILE_TEST_IS_SYMLINK and %FALSE for all other flags.
287 * You should never use g_file_test() to test whether it is safe
288 * to perform an operation, because there is always the possibility
289 * of the condition changing before you actually perform the operation.
290 * For example, you might think you could use %G_FILE_TEST_IS_SYMLINK
291 * to know whether it is safe to write to a file without being
292 * tricked into writing into a different location. It doesn't work!
294 * /* DON'T DO THIS */
295 * if (!g_file_test (filename, G_FILE_TEST_IS_SYMLINK))
297 * fd = g_open (filename, O_WRONLY);
298 * /* write to fd */
302 * Another thing to note is that %G_FILE_TEST_EXISTS and
303 * %G_FILE_TEST_IS_EXECUTABLE are implemented using the access()
304 * system call. This usually doesn't matter, but if your program
305 * is setuid or setgid it means that these tests will give you
306 * the answer for the real user ID and group ID, rather than the
307 * effective user ID and group ID.
309 * On Windows, there are no symlinks, so testing for
310 * %G_FILE_TEST_IS_SYMLINK will always return %FALSE. Testing for
311 * %G_FILE_TEST_IS_EXECUTABLE will just check that the file exists and
312 * its name indicates that it is executable, checking for well-known
313 * extensions and those listed in the <envar>PATHEXT</envar> environment variable.
315 * Return value: whether a test was %TRUE
318 g_file_test (const gchar *filename,
322 /* stuff missing in std vc6 api */
323 # ifndef INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES
324 # define INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES -1
326 # ifndef FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE
327 # define FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE 64
330 wchar_t *wfilename = g_utf8_to_utf16 (filename, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
332 if (wfilename == NULL)
335 attributes = GetFileAttributesW (wfilename);
339 if (attributes == INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES)
342 if (test & G_FILE_TEST_EXISTS)
345 if (test & G_FILE_TEST_IS_REGULAR)
347 if ((attributes & (FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY | FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE)) == 0)
351 if (test & G_FILE_TEST_IS_DIR)
353 if ((attributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) != 0)
357 /* "while" so that we can exit this "loop" with a simple "break" */
358 while (test & G_FILE_TEST_IS_EXECUTABLE)
360 const gchar *lastdot = strrchr (filename, '.');
361 const gchar *pathext = NULL, *p;
367 if (_stricmp (lastdot, ".exe") == 0 ||
368 _stricmp (lastdot, ".cmd") == 0 ||
369 _stricmp (lastdot, ".bat") == 0 ||
370 _stricmp (lastdot, ".com") == 0)
373 /* Check if it is one of the types listed in %PATHEXT% */
375 pathext = g_getenv ("PATHEXT");
379 pathext = g_utf8_casefold (pathext, -1);
381 lastdot = g_utf8_casefold (lastdot, -1);
382 extlen = strlen (lastdot);
387 const gchar *q = strchr (p, ';');
390 if (extlen == q - p &&
391 memcmp (lastdot, p, extlen) == 0)
393 g_free ((gchar *) pathext);
394 g_free ((gchar *) lastdot);
403 g_free ((gchar *) pathext);
404 g_free ((gchar *) lastdot);
410 if ((test & G_FILE_TEST_EXISTS) && (access (filename, F_OK) == 0))
413 if ((test & G_FILE_TEST_IS_EXECUTABLE) && (access (filename, X_OK) == 0))
418 /* For root, on some POSIX systems, access (filename, X_OK)
419 * will succeed even if no executable bits are set on the
420 * file. We fall through to a stat test to avoid that.
424 test &= ~G_FILE_TEST_IS_EXECUTABLE;
426 if (test & G_FILE_TEST_IS_SYMLINK)
430 if ((lstat (filename, &s) == 0) && S_ISLNK (s.st_mode))
434 if (test & (G_FILE_TEST_IS_REGULAR |
436 G_FILE_TEST_IS_EXECUTABLE))
440 if (stat (filename, &s) == 0)
442 if ((test & G_FILE_TEST_IS_REGULAR) && S_ISREG (s.st_mode))
445 if ((test & G_FILE_TEST_IS_DIR) && S_ISDIR (s.st_mode))
448 /* The extra test for root when access (file, X_OK) succeeds.
450 if ((test & G_FILE_TEST_IS_EXECUTABLE) &&
451 ((s.st_mode & S_IXOTH) ||
452 (s.st_mode & S_IXUSR) ||
453 (s.st_mode & S_IXGRP)))
462 G_DEFINE_QUARK (g-file-error-quark, g_file_error)
465 * g_file_error_from_errno:
466 * @err_no: an "errno" value
468 * Gets a #GFileError constant based on the passed-in @err_no.
469 * For example, if you pass in <literal>EEXIST</literal> this function returns
470 * #G_FILE_ERROR_EXIST. Unlike <literal>errno</literal> values, you can portably
471 * assume that all #GFileError values will exist.
473 * Normally a #GFileError value goes into a #GError returned
474 * from a function that manipulates files. So you would use
475 * g_file_error_from_errno() when constructing a #GError.
477 * Return value: #GFileError corresponding to the given @errno
480 g_file_error_from_errno (gint err_no)
486 return G_FILE_ERROR_EXIST;
491 return G_FILE_ERROR_ISDIR;
496 return G_FILE_ERROR_ACCES;
501 return G_FILE_ERROR_NAMETOOLONG;
506 return G_FILE_ERROR_NOENT;
511 return G_FILE_ERROR_NOTDIR;
516 return G_FILE_ERROR_NXIO;
521 return G_FILE_ERROR_NODEV;
526 return G_FILE_ERROR_ROFS;
531 return G_FILE_ERROR_TXTBSY;
536 return G_FILE_ERROR_FAULT;
541 return G_FILE_ERROR_LOOP;
546 return G_FILE_ERROR_NOSPC;
551 return G_FILE_ERROR_NOMEM;
556 return G_FILE_ERROR_MFILE;
561 return G_FILE_ERROR_NFILE;
566 return G_FILE_ERROR_BADF;
571 return G_FILE_ERROR_INVAL;
576 return G_FILE_ERROR_PIPE;
581 return G_FILE_ERROR_AGAIN;
586 return G_FILE_ERROR_INTR;
591 return G_FILE_ERROR_IO;
596 return G_FILE_ERROR_PERM;
601 return G_FILE_ERROR_NOSYS;
605 return G_FILE_ERROR_FAILED;
610 format_error_message (const gchar *filename,
611 const gchar *format_string) G_GNUC_FORMAT(2);
613 #pragma GCC diagnostic push
614 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wformat-nonliteral"
617 format_error_message (const gchar *filename,
618 const gchar *format_string)
620 gint saved_errno = errno;
624 display_name = g_filename_display_name (filename);
625 msg = g_strdup_printf (format_string, display_name, g_strerror (saved_errno));
626 g_free (display_name);
631 #pragma GCC diagnostic pop
633 /* format string must have two '%s':
635 * - the place for the filename
636 * - the place for the strerror
639 set_file_error (GError **error,
640 const gchar *filename,
641 const gchar *format_string)
643 int saved_errno = errno;
644 char *msg = format_error_message (filename, format_string);
646 g_set_error_literal (error, G_FILE_ERROR, g_file_error_from_errno (saved_errno),
652 get_contents_stdio (const gchar *filename,
659 gsize bytes; /* always <= sizeof(buf) */
661 gsize total_bytes = 0;
662 gsize total_allocated = 0;
664 gchar *display_filename;
666 g_assert (f != NULL);
672 bytes = fread (buf, 1, sizeof (buf), f);
675 if (total_bytes > G_MAXSIZE - bytes)
678 /* Possibility of overflow eliminated above. */
679 while (total_bytes + bytes >= total_allocated)
683 if (total_allocated > G_MAXSIZE / 2)
685 total_allocated *= 2;
689 total_allocated = MIN (bytes + 1, sizeof (buf));
692 tmp = g_try_realloc (str, total_allocated);
696 display_filename = g_filename_display_name (filename);
700 g_dngettext (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, "Could not allocate %lu byte to read file \"%s\"", "Could not allocate %lu bytes to read file \"%s\"", (gulong)total_allocated),
701 (gulong) total_allocated,
703 g_free (display_filename);
713 display_filename = g_filename_display_name (filename);
716 g_file_error_from_errno (save_errno),
717 _("Error reading file '%s': %s"),
719 g_strerror (save_errno));
720 g_free (display_filename);
725 g_assert (str != NULL);
726 memcpy (str + total_bytes, buf, bytes);
728 total_bytes += bytes;
733 if (total_allocated == 0)
735 str = g_new (gchar, 1);
739 str[total_bytes] = '\0';
742 *length = total_bytes;
749 display_filename = g_filename_display_name (filename);
753 _("File \"%s\" is too large"),
755 g_free (display_filename);
768 get_contents_regfile (const gchar *filename,
769 struct stat *stat_buf,
779 gchar *display_filename;
781 size = stat_buf->st_size;
783 alloc_size = size + 1;
784 buf = g_try_malloc (alloc_size);
788 display_filename = g_filename_display_name (filename);
792 g_dngettext (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, "Could not allocate %lu byte to read file \"%s\"", "Could not allocate %lu bytes to read file \"%s\"", (gulong)alloc_size),
795 g_free (display_filename);
800 while (bytes_read < size)
804 rc = read (fd, buf + bytes_read, size - bytes_read);
810 int save_errno = errno;
813 display_filename = g_filename_display_name (filename);
816 g_file_error_from_errno (save_errno),
817 _("Failed to read from file '%s': %s"),
819 g_strerror (save_errno));
820 g_free (display_filename);
830 buf[bytes_read] = '\0';
833 *length = bytes_read;
849 get_contents_posix (const gchar *filename,
854 struct stat stat_buf;
857 /* O_BINARY useful on Cygwin */
858 fd = open (filename, O_RDONLY|O_BINARY);
862 set_file_error (error,
864 _("Failed to open file '%s': %s"));
869 /* I don't think this will ever fail, aside from ENOMEM, but. */
870 if (fstat (fd, &stat_buf) < 0)
872 set_file_error (error,
874 _("Failed to get attributes of file '%s': fstat() failed: %s"));
880 if (stat_buf.st_size > 0 && S_ISREG (stat_buf.st_mode))
882 gboolean retval = get_contents_regfile (filename,
896 f = fdopen (fd, "r");
900 set_file_error (error,
902 _("Failed to open file '%s': fdopen() failed: %s"));
907 retval = get_contents_stdio (filename, f, contents, length, error);
913 #else /* G_OS_WIN32 */
916 get_contents_win32 (const gchar *filename,
924 f = g_fopen (filename, "rb");
928 set_file_error (error,
930 _("Failed to open file '%s': %s"));
935 retval = get_contents_stdio (filename, f, contents, length, error);
943 * g_file_get_contents:
944 * @filename: (type filename): name of a file to read contents from, in the GLib file name encoding
945 * @contents: (out) (array length=length) (element-type guint8): location to store an allocated string, use g_free() to free
946 * the returned string
947 * @length: (allow-none): location to store length in bytes of the contents, or %NULL
948 * @error: return location for a #GError, or %NULL
950 * Reads an entire file into allocated memory, with good error
953 * If the call was successful, it returns %TRUE and sets @contents to the file
954 * contents and @length to the length of the file contents in bytes. The string
955 * stored in @contents will be nul-terminated, so for text files you can pass
956 * %NULL for the @length argument. If the call was not successful, it returns
957 * %FALSE and sets @error. The error domain is #G_FILE_ERROR. Possible error
958 * codes are those in the #GFileError enumeration. In the error case,
959 * @contents is set to %NULL and @length is set to zero.
961 * Return value: %TRUE on success, %FALSE if an error occurred
964 g_file_get_contents (const gchar *filename,
969 g_return_val_if_fail (filename != NULL, FALSE);
970 g_return_val_if_fail (contents != NULL, FALSE);
977 return get_contents_win32 (filename, contents, length, error);
979 return get_contents_posix (filename, contents, length, error);
984 rename_file (const char *old_name,
985 const char *new_name,
989 if (g_rename (old_name, new_name) == -1)
991 int save_errno = errno;
992 gchar *display_old_name = g_filename_display_name (old_name);
993 gchar *display_new_name = g_filename_display_name (new_name);
997 g_file_error_from_errno (save_errno),
998 _("Failed to rename file '%s' to '%s': g_rename() failed: %s"),
1001 g_strerror (save_errno));
1003 g_free (display_old_name);
1004 g_free (display_new_name);
1013 write_to_temp_file (const gchar *contents,
1015 const gchar *dest_file,
1024 tmp_name = g_strdup_printf ("%s.XXXXXX", dest_file);
1027 fd = g_mkstemp_full (tmp_name, O_RDWR | O_BINARY, 0666);
1031 set_file_error (err, tmp_name, _("Failed to create file '%s': %s"));
1035 #ifdef HAVE_FALLOCATE
1038 /* We do this on a 'best effort' basis... It may not be supported
1039 * on the underlying filesystem.
1041 (void) fallocate (fd, 0, 0, length);
1048 s = write (fd, contents, length);
1055 set_file_error (err, tmp_name, _("Failed to write file '%s': write() failed: %s"));
1057 g_unlink (tmp_name);
1062 g_assert (s <= length);
1068 #ifdef BTRFS_SUPER_MAGIC
1072 /* On Linux, on btrfs, skip the fsync since rename-over-existing is
1073 * guaranteed to be atomic and this is the only case in which we
1074 * would fsync() anyway.
1077 if (fstatfs (fd, &buf) == 0 && buf.f_type == BTRFS_SUPER_MAGIC)
1084 struct stat statbuf;
1087 /* If the final destination exists and is > 0 bytes, we want to sync the
1088 * newly written file to ensure the data is on disk when we rename over
1089 * the destination. Otherwise if we get a system crash we can lose both
1090 * the new and the old file on some filesystems. (I.E. those that don't
1091 * guarantee the data is written to the disk before the metadata.)
1093 if (g_lstat (dest_file, &statbuf) == 0 && statbuf.st_size > 0 && fsync (fd) != 0)
1095 set_file_error (err, tmp_name, _("Failed to write file '%s': fsync() failed: %s"));
1097 g_unlink (tmp_name);
1104 #ifdef BTRFS_SUPER_MAGIC
1109 if (!g_close (fd, err))
1111 g_unlink (tmp_name);
1116 retval = g_strdup (tmp_name);
1125 * g_file_set_contents:
1126 * @filename: (type filename): name of a file to write @contents to, in the GLib file name
1128 * @contents: (array length=length) (element-type guint8): string to write to the file
1129 * @length: length of @contents, or -1 if @contents is a nul-terminated string
1130 * @error: return location for a #GError, or %NULL
1132 * Writes all of @contents to a file named @filename, with good error checking.
1133 * If a file called @filename already exists it will be overwritten.
1135 * This write is atomic in the sense that it is first written to a temporary
1136 * file which is then renamed to the final name. Notes:
1139 * On Unix, if @filename already exists hard links to @filename will break.
1140 * Also since the file is recreated, existing permissions, access control
1141 * lists, metadata etc. may be lost. If @filename is a symbolic link,
1142 * the link itself will be replaced, not the linked file.
1145 * On Windows renaming a file will not remove an existing file with the
1146 * new name, so on Windows there is a race condition between the existing
1147 * file being removed and the temporary file being renamed.
1150 * On Windows there is no way to remove a file that is open to some
1151 * process, or mapped into memory. Thus, this function will fail if
1152 * @filename already exists and is open.
1156 * If the call was successful, it returns %TRUE. If the call was not successful,
1157 * it returns %FALSE and sets @error. The error domain is #G_FILE_ERROR.
1158 * Possible error codes are those in the #GFileError enumeration.
1160 * Note that the name for the temporary file is constructed by appending up
1161 * to 7 characters to @filename.
1163 * Return value: %TRUE on success, %FALSE if an error occurred
1168 g_file_set_contents (const gchar *filename,
1169 const gchar *contents,
1173 gchar *tmp_filename;
1175 GError *rename_error = NULL;
1177 g_return_val_if_fail (filename != NULL, FALSE);
1178 g_return_val_if_fail (error == NULL || *error == NULL, FALSE);
1179 g_return_val_if_fail (contents != NULL || length == 0, FALSE);
1180 g_return_val_if_fail (length >= -1, FALSE);
1183 length = strlen (contents);
1185 tmp_filename = write_to_temp_file (contents, length, filename, error);
1193 if (!rename_file (tmp_filename, filename, &rename_error))
1197 g_unlink (tmp_filename);
1198 g_propagate_error (error, rename_error);
1202 #else /* G_OS_WIN32 */
1204 /* Renaming failed, but on Windows this may just mean
1205 * the file already exists. So if the target file
1206 * exists, try deleting it and do the rename again.
1208 if (!g_file_test (filename, G_FILE_TEST_EXISTS))
1210 g_unlink (tmp_filename);
1211 g_propagate_error (error, rename_error);
1216 g_error_free (rename_error);
1218 if (g_unlink (filename) == -1)
1220 set_file_error (error,
1222 _("Existing file '%s' could not be removed: g_unlink() failed: %s"));
1223 g_unlink (tmp_filename);
1228 if (!rename_file (tmp_filename, filename, error))
1230 g_unlink (tmp_filename);
1241 g_free (tmp_filename);
1246 * get_tmp_file based on the mkstemp implementation from the GNU C library.
1247 * Copyright (C) 1991,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
1249 typedef gint (*GTmpFileCallback) (const gchar *, gint, gint);
1252 get_tmp_file (gchar *tmpl,
1259 static const char letters[] =
1260 "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789";
1261 static const int NLETTERS = sizeof (letters) - 1;
1264 static int counter = 0;
1266 g_return_val_if_fail (tmpl != NULL, -1);
1268 /* find the last occurrence of "XXXXXX" */
1269 XXXXXX = g_strrstr (tmpl, "XXXXXX");
1271 if (!XXXXXX || strncmp (XXXXXX, "XXXXXX", 6))
1277 /* Get some more or less random data. */
1278 g_get_current_time (&tv);
1279 value = (tv.tv_usec ^ tv.tv_sec) + counter++;
1281 for (count = 0; count < 100; value += 7777, ++count)
1285 /* Fill in the random bits. */
1286 XXXXXX[0] = letters[v % NLETTERS];
1288 XXXXXX[1] = letters[v % NLETTERS];
1290 XXXXXX[2] = letters[v % NLETTERS];
1292 XXXXXX[3] = letters[v % NLETTERS];
1294 XXXXXX[4] = letters[v % NLETTERS];
1296 XXXXXX[5] = letters[v % NLETTERS];
1298 fd = f (tmpl, flags, mode);
1302 else if (errno != EEXIST)
1303 /* Any other error will apply also to other names we might
1304 * try, and there are 2^32 or so of them, so give up now.
1309 /* We got out of the loop because we ran out of combinations to try. */
1314 /* Some GTmpFileCallback implementations.
1316 * Note: we cannot use open() or g_open() directly because even though
1317 * they appear compatible, they may be vararg functions and calling
1318 * varargs functions through a non-varargs type is undefined.
1321 wrap_g_mkdir (const gchar *filename,
1322 int flags G_GNUC_UNUSED,
1325 /* tmpl is in UTF-8 on Windows, thus use g_mkdir() */
1326 return g_mkdir (filename, mode);
1330 wrap_g_open (const gchar *filename,
1334 return g_open (filename, flags, mode);
1339 * @tmpl: (type filename): template directory name
1340 * @mode: permissions to create the temporary directory with
1342 * Creates a temporary directory. See the mkdtemp() documentation
1343 * on most UNIX-like systems.
1345 * The parameter is a string that should follow the rules for
1346 * mkdtemp() templates, i.e. contain the string "XXXXXX".
1347 * g_mkdtemp() is slightly more flexible than mkdtemp() in that the
1348 * sequence does not have to occur at the very end of the template
1349 * and you can pass a @mode. The X string will be modified to form
1350 * the name of a directory that didn't exist. The string should be
1351 * in the GLib file name encoding. Most importantly, on Windows it
1352 * should be in UTF-8.
1354 * Return value: A pointer to @tmpl, which has been modified
1355 * to hold the directory name. In case of errors, %NULL is
1356 * returned, and %errno will be set.
1361 g_mkdtemp_full (gchar *tmpl,
1364 if (get_tmp_file (tmpl, wrap_g_mkdir, 0, mode) == -1)
1372 * @tmpl: (type filename): template directory name
1374 * Creates a temporary directory. See the mkdtemp() documentation
1375 * on most UNIX-like systems.
1377 * The parameter is a string that should follow the rules for
1378 * mkdtemp() templates, i.e. contain the string "XXXXXX".
1379 * g_mkdtemp() is slightly more flexible than mkdtemp() in that the
1380 * sequence does not have to occur at the very end of the template
1381 * and you can pass a @mode and additional @flags. The X string will
1382 * be modified to form the name of a directory that didn't exist.
1383 * The string should be in the GLib file name encoding. Most importantly,
1384 * on Windows it should be in UTF-8.
1386 * Return value: A pointer to @tmpl, which has been modified
1387 * to hold the directory name. In case of errors, %NULL is
1388 * returned and %errno will be set.
1393 g_mkdtemp (gchar *tmpl)
1395 return g_mkdtemp_full (tmpl, 0700);
1400 * @tmpl: (type filename): template filename
1401 * @flags: flags to pass to an open() call in addition to O_EXCL
1402 * and O_CREAT, which are passed automatically
1403 * @mode: permissions to create the temporary file with
1405 * Opens a temporary file. See the mkstemp() documentation
1406 * on most UNIX-like systems.
1408 * The parameter is a string that should follow the rules for
1409 * mkstemp() templates, i.e. contain the string "XXXXXX".
1410 * g_mkstemp_full() is slightly more flexible than mkstemp()
1411 * in that the sequence does not have to occur at the very end of the
1412 * template and you can pass a @mode and additional @flags. The X
1413 * string will be modified to form the name of a file that didn't exist.
1414 * The string should be in the GLib file name encoding. Most importantly,
1415 * on Windows it should be in UTF-8.
1417 * Return value: A file handle (as from open()) to the file
1418 * opened for reading and writing. The file handle should be
1419 * closed with close(). In case of errors, -1 is returned
1420 * and %errno will be set.
1425 g_mkstemp_full (gchar *tmpl,
1429 /* tmpl is in UTF-8 on Windows, thus use g_open() */
1430 return get_tmp_file (tmpl, wrap_g_open,
1431 flags | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, mode);
1436 * @tmpl: (type filename): template filename
1438 * Opens a temporary file. See the mkstemp() documentation
1439 * on most UNIX-like systems.
1441 * The parameter is a string that should follow the rules for
1442 * mkstemp() templates, i.e. contain the string "XXXXXX".
1443 * g_mkstemp() is slightly more flexible than mkstemp() in that the
1444 * sequence does not have to occur at the very end of the template.
1445 * The X string will be modified to form the name of a file that
1446 * didn't exist. The string should be in the GLib file name encoding.
1447 * Most importantly, on Windows it should be in UTF-8.
1449 * Return value: A file handle (as from open()) to the file
1450 * opened for reading and writing. The file is opened in binary
1451 * mode on platforms where there is a difference. The file handle
1452 * should be closed with close(). In case of errors, -1 is
1453 * returned and %errno will be set.
1456 g_mkstemp (gchar *tmpl)
1458 return g_mkstemp_full (tmpl, O_RDWR | O_BINARY, 0600);
1462 g_get_tmp_name (const gchar *tmpl,
1478 if ((slash = strchr (tmpl, G_DIR_SEPARATOR)) != NULL
1480 || (strchr (tmpl, '/') != NULL && (slash = "/"))
1484 gchar *display_tmpl = g_filename_display_name (tmpl);
1491 G_FILE_ERROR_FAILED,
1492 _("Template '%s' invalid, should not contain a '%s'"),
1494 g_free (display_tmpl);
1499 if (strstr (tmpl, "XXXXXX") == NULL)
1501 gchar *display_tmpl = g_filename_display_name (tmpl);
1504 G_FILE_ERROR_FAILED,
1505 _("Template '%s' doesn't contain XXXXXX"),
1507 g_free (display_tmpl);
1511 tmpdir = g_get_tmp_dir ();
1513 if (G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (tmpdir [strlen (tmpdir) - 1]))
1516 sep = G_DIR_SEPARATOR_S;
1518 fulltemplate = g_strconcat (tmpdir, sep, tmpl, NULL);
1520 retval = get_tmp_file (fulltemplate, f, flags, mode);
1523 set_file_error (error,
1525 _("Failed to create file '%s': %s"));
1526 g_free (fulltemplate);
1530 *name_used = fulltemplate;
1537 * @tmpl: (type filename) (allow-none): Template for file name, as in
1538 * g_mkstemp(), basename only, or %NULL for a default template
1539 * @name_used: (out) (type filename): location to store actual name used,
1541 * @error: return location for a #GError
1543 * Opens a file for writing in the preferred directory for temporary
1544 * files (as returned by g_get_tmp_dir()).
1546 * @tmpl should be a string in the GLib file name encoding containing
1547 * a sequence of six 'X' characters, as the parameter to g_mkstemp().
1548 * However, unlike these functions, the template should only be a
1549 * basename, no directory components are allowed. If template is
1550 * %NULL, a default template is used.
1552 * Note that in contrast to g_mkstemp() (and mkstemp()) @tmpl is not
1553 * modified, and might thus be a read-only literal string.
1555 * Upon success, and if @name_used is non-%NULL, the actual name used
1556 * is returned in @name_used. This string should be freed with g_free()
1557 * when not needed any longer. The returned name is in the GLib file
1560 * Return value: A file handle (as from open()) to the file opened for
1561 * reading and writing. The file is opened in binary mode on platforms
1562 * where there is a difference. The file handle should be closed with
1563 * close(). In case of errors, -1 is returned and @error will be set.
1566 g_file_open_tmp (const gchar *tmpl,
1570 gchar *fulltemplate;
1573 result = g_get_tmp_name (tmpl, &fulltemplate,
1575 O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_RDWR | O_BINARY,
1581 *name_used = fulltemplate;
1583 g_free (fulltemplate);
1591 * @tmpl: (type filename) (allow-none): Template for directory name,
1592 * as in g_mkdtemp(), basename only, or %NULL for a default template
1593 * @error: return location for a #GError
1595 * Creates a subdirectory in the preferred directory for temporary
1596 * files (as returned by g_get_tmp_dir()).
1598 * @tmpl should be a string in the GLib file name encoding containing
1599 * a sequence of six 'X' characters, as the parameter to g_mkstemp().
1600 * However, unlike these functions, the template should only be a
1601 * basename, no directory components are allowed. If template is
1602 * %NULL, a default template is used.
1604 * Note that in contrast to g_mkdtemp() (and mkdtemp()) @tmpl is not
1605 * modified, and might thus be a read-only literal string.
1607 * Return value: (type filename): The actual name used. This string
1608 * should be freed with g_free() when not needed any longer and is
1609 * is in the GLib file name encoding. In case of errors, %NULL is
1610 * returned and @error will be set.
1615 g_dir_make_tmp (const gchar *tmpl,
1618 gchar *fulltemplate;
1620 if (g_get_tmp_name (tmpl, &fulltemplate, wrap_g_mkdir, 0, 0700, error) == -1)
1623 return fulltemplate;
1627 g_build_path_va (const gchar *separator,
1628 const gchar *first_element,
1633 gint separator_len = strlen (separator);
1634 gboolean is_first = TRUE;
1635 gboolean have_leading = FALSE;
1636 const gchar *single_element = NULL;
1637 const gchar *next_element;
1638 const gchar *last_trailing = NULL;
1641 result = g_string_new (NULL);
1644 next_element = str_array[i++];
1646 next_element = first_element;
1650 const gchar *element;
1656 element = next_element;
1658 next_element = str_array[i++];
1660 next_element = va_arg (*args, gchar *);
1665 /* Ignore empty elements */
1673 while (strncmp (start, separator, separator_len) == 0)
1674 start += separator_len;
1677 end = start + strlen (start);
1681 while (end >= start + separator_len &&
1682 strncmp (end - separator_len, separator, separator_len) == 0)
1683 end -= separator_len;
1685 last_trailing = end;
1686 while (last_trailing >= element + separator_len &&
1687 strncmp (last_trailing - separator_len, separator, separator_len) == 0)
1688 last_trailing -= separator_len;
1692 /* If the leading and trailing separator strings are in the
1693 * same element and overlap, the result is exactly that element
1695 if (last_trailing <= start)
1696 single_element = element;
1698 g_string_append_len (result, element, start - element);
1699 have_leading = TRUE;
1702 single_element = NULL;
1709 g_string_append (result, separator);
1711 g_string_append_len (result, start, end - start);
1717 g_string_free (result, TRUE);
1718 return g_strdup (single_element);
1723 g_string_append (result, last_trailing);
1725 return g_string_free (result, FALSE);
1731 * @separator: a string used to separator the elements of the path.
1732 * @args: (array zero-terminated=1): %NULL-terminated array of strings containing the path elements.
1734 * Behaves exactly like g_build_path(), but takes the path elements
1735 * as a string array, instead of varargs. This function is mainly
1736 * meant for language bindings.
1738 * Return value: a newly-allocated string that must be freed with g_free().
1743 g_build_pathv (const gchar *separator,
1749 return g_build_path_va (separator, NULL, NULL, args);
1755 * @separator: a string used to separator the elements of the path.
1756 * @first_element: the first element in the path
1757 * @...: remaining elements in path, terminated by %NULL
1759 * Creates a path from a series of elements using @separator as the
1760 * separator between elements. At the boundary between two elements,
1761 * any trailing occurrences of separator in the first element, or
1762 * leading occurrences of separator in the second element are removed
1763 * and exactly one copy of the separator is inserted.
1765 * Empty elements are ignored.
1767 * The number of leading copies of the separator on the result is
1768 * the same as the number of leading copies of the separator on
1769 * the first non-empty element.
1771 * The number of trailing copies of the separator on the result is
1772 * the same as the number of trailing copies of the separator on
1773 * the last non-empty element. (Determination of the number of
1774 * trailing copies is done without stripping leading copies, so
1775 * if the separator is <literal>ABA</literal>, <literal>ABABA</literal>
1776 * has 1 trailing copy.)
1778 * However, if there is only a single non-empty element, and there
1779 * are no characters in that element not part of the leading or
1780 * trailing separators, then the result is exactly the original value
1783 * Other than for determination of the number of leading and trailing
1784 * copies of the separator, elements consisting only of copies
1785 * of the separator are ignored.
1787 * Return value: a newly-allocated string that must be freed with g_free().
1790 g_build_path (const gchar *separator,
1791 const gchar *first_element,
1797 g_return_val_if_fail (separator != NULL, NULL);
1799 va_start (args, first_element);
1800 str = g_build_path_va (separator, first_element, &args, NULL);
1809 g_build_pathname_va (const gchar *first_element,
1813 /* Code copied from g_build_pathv(), and modified to use two
1814 * alternative single-character separators.
1817 gboolean is_first = TRUE;
1818 gboolean have_leading = FALSE;
1819 const gchar *single_element = NULL;
1820 const gchar *next_element;
1821 const gchar *last_trailing = NULL;
1822 gchar current_separator = '\\';
1825 result = g_string_new (NULL);
1828 next_element = str_array[i++];
1830 next_element = first_element;
1834 const gchar *element;
1840 element = next_element;
1842 next_element = str_array[i++];
1844 next_element = va_arg (*args, gchar *);
1849 /* Ignore empty elements */
1858 (*start == '\\' || *start == '/'))
1860 current_separator = *start;
1865 end = start + strlen (start);
1869 while (end >= start + 1 &&
1870 (end[-1] == '\\' || end[-1] == '/'))
1872 current_separator = end[-1];
1876 last_trailing = end;
1877 while (last_trailing >= element + 1 &&
1878 (last_trailing[-1] == '\\' || last_trailing[-1] == '/'))
1883 /* If the leading and trailing separator strings are in the
1884 * same element and overlap, the result is exactly that element
1886 if (last_trailing <= start)
1887 single_element = element;
1889 g_string_append_len (result, element, start - element);
1890 have_leading = TRUE;
1893 single_element = NULL;
1900 g_string_append_len (result, ¤t_separator, 1);
1902 g_string_append_len (result, start, end - start);
1908 g_string_free (result, TRUE);
1909 return g_strdup (single_element);
1914 g_string_append (result, last_trailing);
1916 return g_string_free (result, FALSE);
1923 * g_build_filenamev:
1924 * @args: (array zero-terminated=1): %NULL-terminated array of strings containing the path elements.
1926 * Behaves exactly like g_build_filename(), but takes the path elements
1927 * as a string array, instead of varargs. This function is mainly
1928 * meant for language bindings.
1930 * Return value: a newly-allocated string that must be freed with g_free().
1935 g_build_filenamev (gchar **args)
1940 str = g_build_path_va (G_DIR_SEPARATOR_S, NULL, NULL, args);
1942 str = g_build_pathname_va (NULL, NULL, args);
1950 * @first_element: the first element in the path
1951 * @...: remaining elements in path, terminated by %NULL
1953 * Creates a filename from a series of elements using the correct
1954 * separator for filenames.
1956 * On Unix, this function behaves identically to <literal>g_build_path
1957 * (G_DIR_SEPARATOR_S, first_element, ....)</literal>.
1959 * On Windows, it takes into account that either the backslash
1960 * (<literal>\</literal> or slash (<literal>/</literal>) can be used
1961 * as separator in filenames, but otherwise behaves as on Unix. When
1962 * file pathname separators need to be inserted, the one that last
1963 * previously occurred in the parameters (reading from left to right)
1966 * No attempt is made to force the resulting filename to be an absolute
1967 * path. If the first element is a relative path, the result will
1968 * be a relative path.
1970 * Return value: a newly-allocated string that must be freed with g_free().
1973 g_build_filename (const gchar *first_element,
1979 va_start (args, first_element);
1981 str = g_build_path_va (G_DIR_SEPARATOR_S, first_element, &args, NULL);
1983 str = g_build_pathname_va (first_element, &args, NULL);
1992 * @filename: the symbolic link
1993 * @error: return location for a #GError
1995 * Reads the contents of the symbolic link @filename like the POSIX
1996 * readlink() function. The returned string is in the encoding used
1997 * for filenames. Use g_filename_to_utf8() to convert it to UTF-8.
1999 * Returns: A newly-allocated string with the contents of the symbolic link,
2000 * or %NULL if an error occurred.
2005 g_file_read_link (const gchar *filename,
2008 #ifdef HAVE_READLINK
2014 buffer = g_malloc (size);
2018 read_size = readlink (filename, buffer, size);
2021 set_file_error (error,
2023 _("Failed to read the symbolic link '%s': %s"));
2028 if (read_size < size)
2030 buffer[read_size] = 0;
2035 buffer = g_realloc (buffer, size);
2038 g_set_error_literal (error,
2041 _("Symbolic links not supported"));
2048 * g_path_is_absolute:
2049 * @file_name: a file name
2051 * Returns %TRUE if the given @file_name is an absolute file name.
2052 * Note that this is a somewhat vague concept on Windows.
2054 * On POSIX systems, an absolute file name is well-defined. It always
2055 * starts from the single root directory. For example "/usr/local".
2057 * On Windows, the concepts of current drive and drive-specific
2058 * current directory introduce vagueness. This function interprets as
2059 * an absolute file name one that either begins with a directory
2060 * separator such as "\Users\tml" or begins with the root on a drive,
2061 * for example "C:\Windows". The first case also includes UNC paths
2062 * such as "\\myserver\docs\foo". In all cases, either slashes or
2063 * backslashes are accepted.
2065 * Note that a file name relative to the current drive root does not
2066 * truly specify a file uniquely over time and across processes, as
2067 * the current drive is a per-process value and can be changed.
2069 * File names relative the current directory on some specific drive,
2070 * such as "D:foo/bar", are not interpreted as absolute by this
2071 * function, but they obviously are not relative to the normal current
2072 * directory as returned by getcwd() or g_get_current_dir()
2073 * either. Such paths should be avoided, or need to be handled using
2074 * Windows-specific code.
2076 * Returns: %TRUE if @file_name is absolute
2079 g_path_is_absolute (const gchar *file_name)
2081 g_return_val_if_fail (file_name != NULL, FALSE);
2083 if (G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (file_name[0]))
2087 /* Recognize drive letter on native Windows */
2088 if (g_ascii_isalpha (file_name[0]) &&
2089 file_name[1] == ':' && G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (file_name[2]))
2098 * @file_name: a file name
2100 * Returns a pointer into @file_name after the root component,
2101 * i.e. after the "/" in UNIX or "C:\" under Windows. If @file_name
2102 * is not an absolute path it returns %NULL.
2104 * Returns: a pointer into @file_name after the root component
2107 g_path_skip_root (const gchar *file_name)
2109 g_return_val_if_fail (file_name != NULL, NULL);
2111 #ifdef G_PLATFORM_WIN32
2112 /* Skip \\server\share or //server/share */
2113 if (G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (file_name[0]) &&
2114 G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (file_name[1]) &&
2116 !G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (file_name[2]))
2119 p = strchr (file_name + 2, G_DIR_SEPARATOR);
2125 q = strchr (file_name + 2, '/');
2126 if (p == NULL || (q != NULL && q < p))
2131 if (p && p > file_name + 2 && p[1])
2135 while (file_name[0] && !G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (file_name[0]))
2138 /* Possibly skip a backslash after the share name */
2139 if (G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (file_name[0]))
2142 return (gchar *)file_name;
2147 /* Skip initial slashes */
2148 if (G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (file_name[0]))
2150 while (G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (file_name[0]))
2152 return (gchar *)file_name;
2157 if (g_ascii_isalpha (file_name[0]) &&
2158 file_name[1] == ':' &&
2159 G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (file_name[2]))
2160 return (gchar *)file_name + 3;
2168 * @file_name: the name of the file
2170 * Gets the name of the file without any leading directory
2171 * components. It returns a pointer into the given file name
2174 * Return value: the name of the file without any leading
2175 * directory components
2177 * Deprecated:2.2: Use g_path_get_basename() instead, but notice
2178 * that g_path_get_basename() allocates new memory for the
2179 * returned string, unlike this function which returns a pointer
2180 * into the argument.
2183 g_basename (const gchar *file_name)
2187 g_return_val_if_fail (file_name != NULL, NULL);
2189 base = strrchr (file_name, G_DIR_SEPARATOR);
2194 q = strrchr (file_name, '/');
2195 if (base == NULL || (q != NULL && q > base))
2204 if (g_ascii_isalpha (file_name[0]) && file_name[1] == ':')
2205 return (gchar*) file_name + 2;
2208 return (gchar*) file_name;
2212 * g_path_get_basename:
2213 * @file_name: the name of the file
2215 * Gets the last component of the filename.
2217 * If @file_name ends with a directory separator it gets the component
2218 * before the last slash. If @file_name consists only of directory
2219 * separators (and on Windows, possibly a drive letter), a single
2220 * separator is returned. If @file_name is empty, it gets ".".
2222 * Return value: a newly allocated string containing the last
2223 * component of the filename
2226 g_path_get_basename (const gchar *file_name)
2229 gssize last_nonslash;
2233 g_return_val_if_fail (file_name != NULL, NULL);
2235 if (file_name[0] == '\0')
2236 return g_strdup (".");
2238 last_nonslash = strlen (file_name) - 1;
2240 while (last_nonslash >= 0 && G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (file_name [last_nonslash]))
2243 if (last_nonslash == -1)
2244 /* string only containing slashes */
2245 return g_strdup (G_DIR_SEPARATOR_S);
2248 if (last_nonslash == 1 &&
2249 g_ascii_isalpha (file_name[0]) &&
2250 file_name[1] == ':')
2251 /* string only containing slashes and a drive */
2252 return g_strdup (G_DIR_SEPARATOR_S);
2254 base = last_nonslash;
2256 while (base >=0 && !G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (file_name [base]))
2261 g_ascii_isalpha (file_name[0]) &&
2262 file_name[1] == ':')
2264 #endif /* G_OS_WIN32 */
2266 len = last_nonslash - base;
2267 retval = g_malloc (len + 1);
2268 memcpy (retval, file_name + base + 1, len);
2269 retval [len] = '\0';
2276 * @file_name: the name of the file
2278 * Gets the directory components of a file name.
2280 * If the file name has no directory components "." is returned.
2281 * The returned string should be freed when no longer needed.
2283 * Returns: the directory components of the file
2285 * Deprecated: use g_path_get_dirname() instead
2289 * g_path_get_dirname:
2290 * @file_name: the name of the file
2292 * Gets the directory components of a file name.
2294 * If the file name has no directory components "." is returned.
2295 * The returned string should be freed when no longer needed.
2297 * Returns: the directory components of the file
2300 g_path_get_dirname (const gchar *file_name)
2305 g_return_val_if_fail (file_name != NULL, NULL);
2307 base = strrchr (file_name, G_DIR_SEPARATOR);
2312 q = strrchr (file_name, '/');
2313 if (base == NULL || (q != NULL && q > base))
2321 if (g_ascii_isalpha (file_name[0]) && file_name[1] == ':')
2323 gchar drive_colon_dot[4];
2325 drive_colon_dot[0] = file_name[0];
2326 drive_colon_dot[1] = ':';
2327 drive_colon_dot[2] = '.';
2328 drive_colon_dot[3] = '\0';
2330 return g_strdup (drive_colon_dot);
2333 return g_strdup (".");
2336 while (base > file_name && G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (*base))
2340 /* base points to the char before the last slash.
2342 * In case file_name is the root of a drive (X:\) or a child of the
2343 * root of a drive (X:\foo), include the slash.
2345 * In case file_name is the root share of an UNC path
2346 * (\\server\share), add a slash, returning \\server\share\ .
2348 * In case file_name is a direct child of a share in an UNC path
2349 * (\\server\share\foo), include the slash after the share name,
2350 * returning \\server\share\ .
2352 if (base == file_name + 1 &&
2353 g_ascii_isalpha (file_name[0]) &&
2354 file_name[1] == ':')
2356 else if (G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (file_name[0]) &&
2357 G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (file_name[1]) &&
2359 !G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (file_name[2]) &&
2360 base >= file_name + 2)
2362 const gchar *p = file_name + 2;
2363 while (*p && !G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (*p))
2367 len = (guint) strlen (file_name) + 1;
2368 base = g_new (gchar, len + 1);
2369 strcpy (base, file_name);
2370 base[len-1] = G_DIR_SEPARATOR;
2374 if (G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (*p))
2377 while (*p && !G_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (*p))
2385 len = (guint) 1 + base - file_name;
2386 base = g_new (gchar, len + 1);
2387 memmove (base, file_name, len);
2393 #if defined(MAXPATHLEN)
2394 #define G_PATH_LENGTH MAXPATHLEN
2395 #elif defined(PATH_MAX)
2396 #define G_PATH_LENGTH PATH_MAX
2397 #elif defined(_PC_PATH_MAX)
2398 #define G_PATH_LENGTH sysconf(_PC_PATH_MAX)
2400 #define G_PATH_LENGTH 2048
2404 * g_get_current_dir:
2406 * Gets the current directory.
2408 * The returned string should be freed when no longer needed.
2409 * The encoding of the returned string is system defined.
2410 * On Windows, it is always UTF-8.
2412 * Since GLib 2.40, this function will return the value of the "PWD"
2413 * environment variable if it is set and it happens to be the same as
2414 * the current directory. This can make a difference in the case that
2415 * the current directory is the target of a symbolic link.
2417 * Returns: the current directory
2420 g_get_current_dir (void)
2425 wchar_t dummy[2], *wdir;
2428 len = GetCurrentDirectoryW (2, dummy);
2429 wdir = g_new (wchar_t, len);
2431 if (GetCurrentDirectoryW (len, wdir) == len - 1)
2432 dir = g_utf16_to_utf8 (wdir, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
2437 dir = g_strdup ("\\");
2443 gchar *buffer = NULL;
2445 static gulong max_len = 0;
2446 struct stat pwdbuf, dotbuf;
2448 pwd = g_getenv ("PWD");
2450 g_stat (".", &dotbuf) == 0 && g_stat (pwd, &pwdbuf) == 0 &&
2451 dotbuf.st_dev == pwdbuf.st_dev && dotbuf.st_ino == pwdbuf.st_ino)
2452 return g_strdup (pwd);
2455 max_len = (G_PATH_LENGTH == -1) ? 2048 : G_PATH_LENGTH;
2457 while (max_len < G_MAXULONG / 2)
2460 buffer = g_new (gchar, max_len + 1);
2462 dir = getcwd (buffer, max_len);
2464 if (dir || errno != ERANGE)
2470 if (!dir || !*buffer)
2472 /* hm, should we g_error() out here?
2473 * this can happen if e.g. "./" has mode \0000
2475 buffer[0] = G_DIR_SEPARATOR;
2479 dir = g_strdup (buffer);
2484 #endif /* !G_OS_WIN32 */
2488 /* NOTE : Keep this part last to ensure nothing in this file uses thn
2489 * below binary compatibility versions.
2491 #if defined (G_OS_WIN32) && !defined (_WIN64)
2493 /* Binary compatibility versions. Will be called by code compiled
2494 * against quite old (pre-2.8, I think) headers only, not from more
2495 * recently compiled code.
2501 g_file_test (const gchar *filename,
2504 gchar *utf8_filename = g_locale_to_utf8 (filename, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
2507 if (utf8_filename == NULL)
2510 retval = g_file_test_utf8 (utf8_filename, test);
2512 g_free (utf8_filename);
2517 #undef g_file_get_contents
2520 g_file_get_contents (const gchar *filename,
2525 gchar *utf8_filename = g_locale_to_utf8 (filename, -1, NULL, NULL, error);
2528 if (utf8_filename == NULL)
2531 retval = g_file_get_contents_utf8 (utf8_filename, contents, length, error);
2533 g_free (utf8_filename);
2541 wrap_libc_open (const gchar *filename,
2545 return open (filename, flags, mode);
2549 g_mkstemp (gchar *tmpl)
2551 /* This is the backward compatibility system codepage version,
2552 * thus use normal open().
2554 return get_tmp_file (tmpl, wrap_libc_open,
2555 O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0600);
2558 #undef g_file_open_tmp
2561 g_file_open_tmp (const gchar *tmpl,
2565 gchar *utf8_tmpl = g_locale_to_utf8 (tmpl, -1, NULL, NULL, error);
2566 gchar *utf8_name_used;
2569 if (utf8_tmpl == NULL)
2572 retval = g_file_open_tmp_utf8 (utf8_tmpl, &utf8_name_used, error);
2578 *name_used = g_locale_from_utf8 (utf8_name_used, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
2580 g_free (utf8_name_used);
2585 #undef g_get_current_dir
2588 g_get_current_dir (void)
2590 gchar *utf8_dir = g_get_current_dir_utf8 ();
2591 gchar *dir = g_locale_from_utf8 (utf8_dir, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);