2 * Copyright © 2010 Codethink Limited
4 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 * it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
6 * by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the licence or (at
7 * your option) any later version.
9 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
12 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
14 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General
15 * Public License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
17 * Authors: Ryan Lortie <desrt@desrt.ca>
23 #include "gapplication.h"
25 #include "gapplicationcommandline.h"
26 #include "gsimpleactiongroup.h"
27 #include "gremoteactiongroup.h"
28 #include "gapplicationimpl.h"
29 #include "gactiongroup.h"
30 #include "gactionmap.h"
31 #include "gmenumodel.h"
32 #include "gsettings.h"
33 #include "gnotification-private.h"
34 #include "gnotificationbackend.h"
35 #include "gdbusutils.h"
37 #include "gioenumtypes.h"
46 * SECTION:gapplication
47 * @title: GApplication
48 * @short_description: Core application class
51 * A #GApplication is the foundation of an application. It wraps some
52 * low-level platform-specific services and is intended to act as the
53 * foundation for higher-level application classes such as
54 * #GtkApplication or #MxApplication. In general, you should not use
55 * this class outside of a higher level framework.
57 * GApplication provides convenient life cycle management by maintaining
58 * a "use count" for the primary application instance. The use count can
59 * be changed using g_application_hold() and g_application_release(). If
60 * it drops to zero, the application exits. Higher-level classes such as
61 * #GtkApplication employ the use count to ensure that the application
62 * stays alive as long as it has any opened windows.
64 * Another feature that GApplication (optionally) provides is process
65 * uniqueness. Applications can make use of this functionality by
66 * providing a unique application ID. If given, only one application
67 * with this ID can be running at a time per session. The session
68 * concept is platform-dependent, but corresponds roughly to a graphical
69 * desktop login. When your application is launched again, its
70 * arguments are passed through platform communication to the already
71 * running program. The already running instance of the program is
72 * called the "primary instance"; for non-unique applications this is
73 * the always the current instance. On Linux, the D-Bus session bus
74 * is used for communication.
76 * The use of #GApplication differs from some other commonly-used
77 * uniqueness libraries (such as libunique) in important ways. The
78 * application is not expected to manually register itself and check
79 * if it is the primary instance. Instead, the main() function of a
80 * #GApplication should do very little more than instantiating the
81 * application instance, possibly connecting signal handlers, then
82 * calling g_application_run(). All checks for uniqueness are done
83 * internally. If the application is the primary instance then the
84 * startup signal is emitted and the mainloop runs. If the application
85 * is not the primary instance then a signal is sent to the primary
86 * instance and g_application_run() promptly returns. See the code
89 * If used, the expected form of an application identifier is very close
91 * [DBus bus name](http://dbus.freedesktop.org/doc/dbus-specification.html#message-protocol-names-interface).
92 * Examples include: "com.example.MyApp", "org.example.internal-apps.Calculator".
93 * For details on valid application identifiers, see g_application_id_is_valid().
95 * On Linux, the application identifier is claimed as a well-known bus name
96 * on the user's session bus. This means that the uniqueness of your
97 * application is scoped to the current session. It also means that your
98 * application may provide additional services (through registration of other
99 * object paths) at that bus name. The registration of these object paths
100 * should be done with the shared GDBus session bus. Note that due to the
101 * internal architecture of GDBus, method calls can be dispatched at any time
102 * (even if a main loop is not running). For this reason, you must ensure that
103 * any object paths that you wish to register are registered before #GApplication
104 * attempts to acquire the bus name of your application (which happens in
105 * g_application_register()). Unfortunately, this means that you cannot use
106 * g_application_get_is_remote() to decide if you want to register object paths.
108 * GApplication also implements the #GActionGroup and #GActionMap
109 * interfaces and lets you easily export actions by adding them with
110 * g_action_map_add_action(). When invoking an action by calling
111 * g_action_group_activate_action() on the application, it is always
112 * invoked in the primary instance. The actions are also exported on
113 * the session bus, and GIO provides the #GDBusActionGroup wrapper to
114 * conveniently access them remotely. GIO provides a #GDBusMenuModel wrapper
115 * for remote access to exported #GMenuModels.
117 * There is a number of different entry points into a GApplication:
119 * - via 'Activate' (i.e. just starting the application)
121 * - via 'Open' (i.e. opening some files)
123 * - by handling a command-line
125 * - via activating an action
127 * The #GApplication::startup signal lets you handle the application
128 * initialization for all of these in a single place.
130 * Regardless of which of these entry points is used to start the
131 * application, GApplication passes some "platform data from the
132 * launching instance to the primary instance, in the form of a
133 * #GVariant dictionary mapping strings to variants. To use platform
134 * data, override the @before_emit or @after_emit virtual functions
135 * in your #GApplication subclass. When dealing with
136 * #GApplicationCommandLine objects, the platform data is
137 * directly available via g_application_command_line_get_cwd(),
138 * g_application_command_line_get_environ() and
139 * g_application_command_line_get_platform_data().
141 * As the name indicates, the platform data may vary depending on the
142 * operating system, but it always includes the current directory (key
143 * "cwd"), and optionally the environment (ie the set of environment
144 * variables and their values) of the calling process (key "environ").
145 * The environment is only added to the platform data if the
146 * %G_APPLICATION_SEND_ENVIRONMENT flag is set. #GApplication subclasses
147 * can add their own platform data by overriding the @add_platform_data
148 * virtual function. For instance, #GtkApplication adds startup notification
151 * To parse commandline arguments you may handle the
152 * #GApplication::command-line signal or override the local_command_line()
153 * vfunc, to parse them in either the primary instance or the local instance,
156 * For an example of opening files with a GApplication, see
157 * [gapplication-example-open.c](https://git.gnome.org/browse/glib/tree/gio/tests/gapplication-example-open.c).
159 * For an example of using actions with GApplication, see
160 * [gapplication-example-actions.c](https://git.gnome.org/browse/glib/tree/gio/tests/gapplication-example-actions.c).
162 * For an example of using extra D-Bus hooks with GApplication, see
163 * [gapplication-example-dbushooks.c](https://git.gnome.org/browse/glib/tree/gio/tests/gapplication-example-dbushooks.c).
168 * @startup: invoked on the primary instance immediately after registration
169 * @shutdown: invoked only on the registered primary instance immediately
170 * after the main loop terminates
171 * @activate: invoked on the primary instance when an activation occurs
172 * @open: invoked on the primary instance when there are files to open
173 * @command_line: invoked on the primary instance when a command-line is
174 * not handled locally
175 * @local_command_line: invoked (locally) when the process has been invoked
176 * via commandline execution (as opposed to, say, D-Bus activation - which
177 * is not currently supported by GApplication). The virtual function has
178 * the chance to inspect (and possibly replace) the list of command line
179 * arguments. See g_application_run() for more information.
180 * @before_emit: invoked on the primary instance before 'activate', 'open',
181 * 'command-line' or any action invocation, gets the 'platform data' from
182 * the calling instance
183 * @after_emit: invoked on the primary instance after 'activate', 'open',
184 * 'command-line' or any action invocation, gets the 'platform data' from
185 * the calling instance
186 * @add_platform_data: invoked (locally) to add 'platform data' to be sent to
187 * the primary instance when activating, opening or invoking actions
188 * @quit_mainloop: Used to be invoked on the primary instance when the use
189 * count of the application drops to zero (and after any inactivity
190 * timeout, if requested). Not used anymore since 2.32
191 * @run_mainloop: Used to be invoked on the primary instance from
192 * g_application_run() if the use-count is non-zero. Since 2.32,
193 * GApplication is iterating the main context directly and is not
194 * using @run_mainloop anymore
195 * @dbus_register: invoked locally during registration, if the application is
196 * using its D-Bus backend. You can use this to export extra objects on the
197 * bus, that need to exist before the application tries to own the bus name.
198 * The function is passed the #GDBusConnection to to session bus, and the
199 * object path that #GApplication will use to export is D-Bus API.
200 * If this function returns %TRUE, registration will proceed; otherwise
201 * registration will abort. Since: 2.34
202 * @dbus_unregister: invoked locally during unregistration, if the application
203 * is using its D-Bus backend. Use this to undo anything done by the
204 * @dbus_register vfunc. Since: 2.34
206 * Virtual function table for #GApplication.
211 struct _GApplicationPrivate
213 GApplicationFlags flags;
215 gchar *resource_path;
217 GActionGroup *actions;
218 GMenuModel *app_menu;
221 guint inactivity_timeout_id;
222 guint inactivity_timeout;
226 guint is_registered : 1;
228 guint did_startup : 1;
229 guint did_shutdown : 1;
230 guint must_quit_now : 1;
232 GRemoteActionGroup *remote_actions;
233 GApplicationImpl *impl;
235 GNotificationBackend *notifications;
237 /* GOptionContext support */
238 GOptionGroup *main_options;
239 GSList *option_groups;
240 GHashTable *packed_options;
241 gboolean options_parsed;
249 PROP_RESOURCE_BASE_PATH,
252 PROP_INACTIVITY_TIMEOUT,
264 SIGNAL_HANDLE_LOCAL_OPTIONS,
268 static guint g_application_signals[NR_SIGNALS];
270 static void g_application_action_group_iface_init (GActionGroupInterface *);
271 static void g_application_action_map_iface_init (GActionMapInterface *);
272 G_DEFINE_TYPE_WITH_CODE (GApplication, g_application, G_TYPE_OBJECT,
273 G_ADD_PRIVATE (GApplication)
274 G_IMPLEMENT_INTERFACE (G_TYPE_ACTION_GROUP, g_application_action_group_iface_init)
275 G_IMPLEMENT_INTERFACE (G_TYPE_ACTION_MAP, g_application_action_map_iface_init))
277 /* GApplicationExportedActions {{{1 */
279 /* We create a subclass of GSimpleActionGroup that implements
280 * GRemoteActionGroup and deals with the platform data using
281 * GApplication's before/after_emit vfuncs. This is the action group we
284 * We could implement GRemoteActionGroup on GApplication directly, but
285 * this would be potentially extremely confusing to have exposed as part
286 * of the public API of GApplication. We certainly don't want anyone in
287 * the same process to be calling these APIs...
289 typedef GSimpleActionGroupClass GApplicationExportedActionsClass;
292 GSimpleActionGroup parent_instance;
293 GApplication *application;
294 } GApplicationExportedActions;
296 static GType g_application_exported_actions_get_type (void);
297 static void g_application_exported_actions_iface_init (GRemoteActionGroupInterface *iface);
298 G_DEFINE_TYPE_WITH_CODE (GApplicationExportedActions, g_application_exported_actions, G_TYPE_SIMPLE_ACTION_GROUP,
299 G_IMPLEMENT_INTERFACE (G_TYPE_REMOTE_ACTION_GROUP, g_application_exported_actions_iface_init))
302 g_application_exported_actions_activate_action_full (GRemoteActionGroup *remote,
303 const gchar *action_name,
305 GVariant *platform_data)
307 GApplicationExportedActions *exported = (GApplicationExportedActions *) remote;
309 G_APPLICATION_GET_CLASS (exported->application)
310 ->before_emit (exported->application, platform_data);
312 g_action_group_activate_action (G_ACTION_GROUP (exported), action_name, parameter);
314 G_APPLICATION_GET_CLASS (exported->application)
315 ->after_emit (exported->application, platform_data);
319 g_application_exported_actions_change_action_state_full (GRemoteActionGroup *remote,
320 const gchar *action_name,
322 GVariant *platform_data)
324 GApplicationExportedActions *exported = (GApplicationExportedActions *) remote;
326 G_APPLICATION_GET_CLASS (exported->application)
327 ->before_emit (exported->application, platform_data);
329 g_action_group_change_action_state (G_ACTION_GROUP (exported), action_name, value);
331 G_APPLICATION_GET_CLASS (exported->application)
332 ->after_emit (exported->application, platform_data);
336 g_application_exported_actions_init (GApplicationExportedActions *actions)
341 g_application_exported_actions_iface_init (GRemoteActionGroupInterface *iface)
343 iface->activate_action_full = g_application_exported_actions_activate_action_full;
344 iface->change_action_state_full = g_application_exported_actions_change_action_state_full;
348 g_application_exported_actions_class_init (GApplicationExportedActionsClass *class)
352 static GActionGroup *
353 g_application_exported_actions_new (GApplication *application)
355 GApplicationExportedActions *actions;
357 actions = g_object_new (g_application_exported_actions_get_type (), NULL);
358 actions->application = application;
360 return G_ACTION_GROUP (actions);
363 /* Command line option handling {{{1 */
366 free_option_entry (gpointer data)
368 GOptionEntry *entry = data;
372 case G_OPTION_ARG_STRING:
373 case G_OPTION_ARG_FILENAME:
374 g_free (*(gchar **) entry->arg_data);
377 case G_OPTION_ARG_STRING_ARRAY:
378 case G_OPTION_ARG_FILENAME_ARRAY:
379 g_strfreev (*(gchar ***) entry->arg_data);
383 /* most things require no free... */
387 /* ...except for the space that we allocated for it ourselves */
388 g_free (entry->arg_data);
390 g_slice_free (GOptionEntry, entry);
394 g_application_pack_option_entries (GApplication *application,
400 g_hash_table_iter_init (&iter, application->priv->packed_options);
401 while (g_hash_table_iter_next (&iter, NULL, &item))
403 GOptionEntry *entry = item;
404 GVariant *value = NULL;
408 case G_OPTION_ARG_NONE:
409 if (*(gboolean *) entry->arg_data != 2)
410 value = g_variant_new_boolean (*(gboolean *) entry->arg_data);
413 case G_OPTION_ARG_STRING:
414 if (*(gchar **) entry->arg_data)
415 value = g_variant_new_string (*(gchar **) entry->arg_data);
418 case G_OPTION_ARG_INT:
419 if (*(gint32 *) entry->arg_data)
420 value = g_variant_new_int32 (*(gint32 *) entry->arg_data);
423 case G_OPTION_ARG_FILENAME:
424 if (*(gchar **) entry->arg_data)
425 value = g_variant_new_bytestring (*(gchar **) entry->arg_data);
428 case G_OPTION_ARG_STRING_ARRAY:
429 if (*(gchar ***) entry->arg_data)
430 value = g_variant_new_strv (*(const gchar ***) entry->arg_data, -1);
433 case G_OPTION_ARG_FILENAME_ARRAY:
434 if (*(gchar ***) entry->arg_data)
435 value = g_variant_new_bytestring_array (*(const gchar ***) entry->arg_data, -1);
438 case G_OPTION_ARG_DOUBLE:
439 if (*(gdouble *) entry->arg_data)
440 value = g_variant_new_double (*(gdouble *) entry->arg_data);
443 case G_OPTION_ARG_INT64:
444 if (*(gint64 *) entry->arg_data)
445 value = g_variant_new_int64 (*(gint64 *) entry->arg_data);
449 g_assert_not_reached ();
453 g_variant_dict_insert_value (dict, entry->long_name, value);
457 static GVariantDict *
458 g_application_parse_command_line (GApplication *application,
462 gboolean become_service = FALSE;
463 GVariantDict *dict = NULL;
464 GOptionContext *context;
466 /* Due to the memory management of GOptionGroup we can only parse
467 * options once. That's because once you add a group to the
468 * GOptionContext there is no way to get it back again. This is fine:
469 * local_command_line() should never get invoked more than once
470 * anyway. Add a sanity check just to be sure.
472 g_return_val_if_fail (!application->priv->options_parsed, NULL);
474 context = g_option_context_new (NULL);
476 /* Add the main option group, if it exists */
477 if (application->priv->main_options)
479 /* This consumes the main_options */
480 g_option_context_set_main_group (context, application->priv->main_options);
481 application->priv->main_options = NULL;
484 /* Add any other option groups if they exist. Adding them to the
485 * context will consume them, so we free the list as we go...
487 while (application->priv->option_groups)
489 g_option_context_add_group (context, application->priv->option_groups->data);
490 application->priv->option_groups = g_slist_delete_link (application->priv->option_groups,
491 application->priv->option_groups);
494 /* If the application has not registered local options and it has
495 * G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_COMMAND_LINE then we have to assume that
496 * their primary instance commandline handler may want to deal with
497 * the arguments. We must therefore ignore them.
499 if (application->priv->main_options == NULL && (application->priv->flags & G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_COMMAND_LINE))
500 g_option_context_set_ignore_unknown_options (context, TRUE);
502 /* In the case that we are not explicitly marked as a service or a
503 * launcher then we want to add the "--gapplication-service" option to
504 * allow the process to be made into a service.
506 if ((application->priv->flags & (G_APPLICATION_IS_SERVICE | G_APPLICATION_IS_LAUNCHER)) == 0)
508 GOptionGroup *option_group;
509 GOptionEntry entries[] = {
510 { "gapplication-service", '\0', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_NONE, &become_service,
511 N_("Enter GApplication service mode (use from D-Bus service files)") },
515 option_group = g_option_group_new ("gapplication",
516 _("GApplication options"), _("Show GApplication options"),
518 g_option_group_set_translation_domain (option_group, GETTEXT_PACKAGE);
519 g_option_group_add_entries (option_group, entries);
521 g_option_context_add_group (context, option_group);
524 /* Now we parse... */
525 if (!g_option_context_parse_strv (context, arguments, error))
528 /* Check for --gapplication-service */
530 application->priv->flags |= G_APPLICATION_IS_SERVICE;
532 dict = g_variant_dict_new (NULL);
533 if (application->priv->packed_options)
535 g_application_pack_option_entries (application, dict);
536 g_hash_table_unref (application->priv->packed_options);
537 application->priv->packed_options = NULL;
541 /* Make sure we don't run again */
542 application->priv->options_parsed = TRUE;
544 g_option_context_free (context);
550 add_packed_option (GApplication *application,
555 case G_OPTION_ARG_NONE:
556 entry->arg_data = g_new (gboolean, 1);
557 *(gboolean *) entry->arg_data = 2;
560 case G_OPTION_ARG_INT:
561 entry->arg_data = g_new0 (gint, 1);
564 case G_OPTION_ARG_STRING:
565 case G_OPTION_ARG_FILENAME:
566 case G_OPTION_ARG_STRING_ARRAY:
567 case G_OPTION_ARG_FILENAME_ARRAY:
568 entry->arg_data = g_new0 (gpointer, 1);
571 case G_OPTION_ARG_INT64:
572 entry->arg_data = g_new0 (gint64, 1);
575 case G_OPTION_ARG_DOUBLE:
576 entry->arg_data = g_new0 (gdouble, 1);
580 g_return_if_reached ();
583 if (!application->priv->packed_options)
584 application->priv->packed_options = g_hash_table_new_full (g_str_hash, g_str_equal, g_free, free_option_entry);
586 g_hash_table_insert (application->priv->packed_options,
587 g_strdup (entry->long_name),
588 g_slice_dup (GOptionEntry, entry));
592 * g_application_add_main_option_entries:
593 * @application: a #GApplication
594 * @entries: (array zero-terminated=1) (element-type GOptionEntry) a
595 * %NULL-terminated list of #GOptionEntrys
597 * Adds main option entries to be handled by @application.
599 * This function is comparable to g_option_context_add_main_entries().
601 * After the commandline arguments are parsed, the
602 * #GApplication::handle-local-options signal will be emitted. At this
603 * point, the application can inspect the values pointed to by @arg_data
604 * in the given #GOptionEntrys.
606 * Unlike #GOptionContext, #GApplication supports giving a %NULL
607 * @arg_data for a non-callback #GOptionEntry. This results in the
608 * argument in question being packed into a #GVariantDict which is also
609 * passed to #GApplication::handle-local-options, where it can be
610 * inspected and modified. If %G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_COMMAND_LINE is
611 * set, then the resulting dictionary is sent to the primary instance,
612 * where g_application_command_line_get_options_dict() will return it.
613 * This "packing" is done according to the type of the argument --
614 * booleans for normal flags, strings for strings, bytestrings for
615 * filenames, etc. The packing only occurs if the flag is given (ie: we
616 * do not pack a "false" #GVariant in the case that a flag is missing).
618 * In general, it is recommended that all commandline arguments are
619 * parsed locally. The options dictionary should then be used to
620 * transmit the result of the parsing to the primary instance, where
621 * g_variant_dict_lookup() can be used. For local options, it is
622 * possible to either use @arg_data in the usual way, or to consult (and
623 * potentially remove) the option from the options dictionary.
625 * This function is new in GLib 2.40. Before then, the only real choice
626 * was to send all of the commandline arguments (options and all) to the
627 * primary instance for handling. #GApplication ignored them completely
628 * on the local side. Calling this function "opts in" to the new
629 * behaviour, and in particular, means that unrecognised options will be
630 * treated as errors. Unrecognised options have never been ignored when
631 * %G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_COMMAND_LINE is unset.
633 * If #GApplication::handle-local-options needs to see the list of
634 * filenames, then the use of %G_OPTION_REMAINING is recommended. If
635 * @arg_data is %NULL then %G_OPTION_REMAINING can be used as a key into
636 * the options dictionary. If you do use %G_OPTION_REMAINING then you
637 * need to handle these arguments for yourself because once they are
638 * consumed, they will no longer be visible to the default handling
639 * (which treats them as filenames to be opened).
644 g_application_add_main_option_entries (GApplication *application,
645 const GOptionEntry *entries)
649 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application));
650 g_return_if_fail (entries != NULL);
652 if (!application->priv->main_options)
653 application->priv->main_options = g_option_group_new (NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
655 for (i = 0; entries[i].long_name; i++)
657 GOptionEntry my_entries[2] = { { NULL }, { NULL } };
658 my_entries[0] = entries[i];
660 if (!my_entries[0].arg_data)
661 add_packed_option (application, &my_entries[0]);
663 g_option_group_add_entries (application->priv->main_options, my_entries);
668 * g_application_add_option_group:
669 * @application: the #GApplication
670 * @group: a #GOptionGroup
672 * Adds a #GOptionGroup to the commandline handling of @application.
674 * This function is comparable to g_option_context_add_group().
676 * Unlike g_application_add_main_option_entries(), this function does
677 * not deal with %NULL @arg_data and never transmits options to the
680 * The reason for that is because, by the time the options arrive at the
681 * primary instance, it is typically too late to do anything with them.
682 * Taking the GTK option group as an example: GTK will already have been
683 * initialised by the time the #GApplication::command-line handler runs.
684 * In the case that this is not the first-running instance of the
685 * application, the existing instance may already have been running for
688 * This means that the options from #GOptionGroup are only really usable
689 * in the case that the instance of the application being run is the
690 * first instance. Passing options like `--display=` or `--gdk-debug=`
691 * on future runs will have no effect on the existing primary instance.
693 * Calling this function will cause the options in the supplied option
694 * group to be parsed, but it does not cause you to be "opted in" to the
695 * new functionality whereby unrecognised options are rejected even if
696 * %G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_COMMAND_LINE was given.
701 g_application_add_option_group (GApplication *application,
704 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application));
705 g_return_if_fail (group != NULL);
707 application->priv->option_groups = g_slist_prepend (application->priv->option_groups, group);
710 /* vfunc defaults {{{1 */
712 g_application_real_before_emit (GApplication *application,
713 GVariant *platform_data)
718 g_application_real_after_emit (GApplication *application,
719 GVariant *platform_data)
724 g_application_real_startup (GApplication *application)
726 application->priv->did_startup = TRUE;
730 g_application_real_shutdown (GApplication *application)
732 application->priv->did_shutdown = TRUE;
736 g_application_real_activate (GApplication *application)
738 if (!g_signal_has_handler_pending (application,
739 g_application_signals[SIGNAL_ACTIVATE],
741 G_APPLICATION_GET_CLASS (application)->activate == g_application_real_activate)
743 static gboolean warned;
748 g_warning ("Your application does not implement "
749 "g_application_activate() and has no handlers connected "
750 "to the 'activate' signal. It should do one of these.");
756 g_application_real_open (GApplication *application,
761 if (!g_signal_has_handler_pending (application,
762 g_application_signals[SIGNAL_OPEN],
764 G_APPLICATION_GET_CLASS (application)->open == g_application_real_open)
766 static gboolean warned;
771 g_warning ("Your application claims to support opening files "
772 "but does not implement g_application_open() and has no "
773 "handlers connected to the 'open' signal.");
779 g_application_real_command_line (GApplication *application,
780 GApplicationCommandLine *cmdline)
782 if (!g_signal_has_handler_pending (application,
783 g_application_signals[SIGNAL_COMMAND_LINE],
785 G_APPLICATION_GET_CLASS (application)->command_line == g_application_real_command_line)
787 static gboolean warned;
792 g_warning ("Your application claims to support custom command line "
793 "handling but does not implement g_application_command_line() "
794 "and has no handlers connected to the 'command-line' signal.");
803 g_application_real_handle_local_options (GApplication *application,
804 GVariantDict *options)
810 get_platform_data (GApplication *application,
813 GVariantBuilder *builder;
816 builder = g_variant_builder_new (G_VARIANT_TYPE ("a{sv}"));
819 gchar *cwd = g_get_current_dir ();
820 g_variant_builder_add (builder, "{sv}", "cwd",
821 g_variant_new_bytestring (cwd));
825 if (application->priv->flags & G_APPLICATION_SEND_ENVIRONMENT)
830 envp = g_get_environ ();
831 array = g_variant_new_bytestring_array ((const gchar **) envp, -1);
834 g_variant_builder_add (builder, "{sv}", "environ", array);
838 g_variant_builder_add (builder, "{sv}", "options", options);
840 G_APPLICATION_GET_CLASS (application)->
841 add_platform_data (application, builder);
843 result = g_variant_builder_end (builder);
844 g_variant_builder_unref (builder);
850 g_application_call_command_line (GApplication *application,
851 const gchar * const *arguments,
855 if (application->priv->is_remote)
857 GVariant *platform_data;
859 platform_data = get_platform_data (application, options);
860 *exit_status = g_application_impl_command_line (application->priv->impl, arguments, platform_data);
864 GApplicationCommandLine *cmdline;
867 v = g_variant_new_bytestring_array ((const gchar **) arguments, -1);
868 cmdline = g_object_new (G_TYPE_APPLICATION_COMMAND_LINE,
872 g_signal_emit (application, g_application_signals[SIGNAL_COMMAND_LINE], 0, cmdline, exit_status);
873 g_object_unref (cmdline);
878 g_application_real_local_command_line (GApplication *application,
882 GError *error = NULL;
883 GVariantDict *options;
886 options = g_application_parse_command_line (application, arguments, &error);
889 g_printerr ("%s\n", error->message);
894 g_signal_emit (application, g_application_signals[SIGNAL_HANDLE_LOCAL_OPTIONS], 0, options, exit_status);
896 if (*exit_status >= 0)
898 g_variant_dict_unref (options);
902 if (!g_application_register (application, NULL, &error))
904 g_printerr ("Failed to register: %s\n", error->message);
905 g_variant_dict_unref (options);
906 g_error_free (error);
911 n_args = g_strv_length (*arguments);
913 if (application->priv->flags & G_APPLICATION_IS_SERVICE)
915 if ((*exit_status = n_args > 1))
917 g_printerr ("GApplication service mode takes no arguments.\n");
918 application->priv->flags &= ~G_APPLICATION_IS_SERVICE;
924 else if (application->priv->flags & G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_COMMAND_LINE)
926 g_application_call_command_line (application,
927 (const gchar **) *arguments,
928 g_variant_dict_end (options),
935 g_application_activate (application);
941 if (~application->priv->flags & G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_OPEN)
943 g_critical ("This application can not open files.");
952 n_files = n_args - 1;
953 files = g_new (GFile *, n_files);
955 for (i = 0; i < n_files; i++)
956 files[i] = g_file_new_for_commandline_arg ((*arguments)[i + 1]);
958 g_application_open (application, files, n_files, "");
960 for (i = 0; i < n_files; i++)
961 g_object_unref (files[i]);
969 g_variant_dict_unref (options);
975 g_application_real_add_platform_data (GApplication *application,
976 GVariantBuilder *builder)
981 g_application_real_dbus_register (GApplication *application,
982 GDBusConnection *connection,
983 const gchar *object_path,
990 g_application_real_dbus_unregister (GApplication *application,
991 GDBusConnection *connection,
992 const gchar *object_path)
996 /* GObject implementation stuff {{{1 */
998 g_application_set_property (GObject *object,
1000 const GValue *value,
1003 GApplication *application = G_APPLICATION (object);
1007 case PROP_APPLICATION_ID:
1008 g_application_set_application_id (application,
1009 g_value_get_string (value));
1013 g_application_set_flags (application, g_value_get_flags (value));
1016 case PROP_RESOURCE_BASE_PATH:
1017 g_application_set_resource_base_path (application, g_value_get_string (value));
1020 case PROP_INACTIVITY_TIMEOUT:
1021 g_application_set_inactivity_timeout (application,
1022 g_value_get_uint (value));
1025 case PROP_ACTION_GROUP:
1026 g_clear_object (&application->priv->actions);
1027 application->priv->actions = g_value_dup_object (value);
1031 g_assert_not_reached ();
1036 * g_application_set_action_group:
1037 * @application: a #GApplication
1038 * @action_group: (allow-none): a #GActionGroup, or %NULL
1040 * This used to be how actions were associated with a #GApplication.
1041 * Now there is #GActionMap for that.
1045 * Deprecated:2.32:Use the #GActionMap interface instead. Never ever
1046 * mix use of this API with use of #GActionMap on the same @application
1047 * or things will go very badly wrong. This function is known to
1048 * introduce buggy behaviour (ie: signals not emitted on changes to the
1049 * action group), so you should really use #GActionMap instead.
1052 g_application_set_action_group (GApplication *application,
1053 GActionGroup *action_group)
1055 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application));
1056 g_return_if_fail (!application->priv->is_registered);
1058 if (application->priv->actions != NULL)
1059 g_object_unref (application->priv->actions);
1061 application->priv->actions = action_group;
1063 if (application->priv->actions != NULL)
1064 g_object_ref (application->priv->actions);
1068 g_application_get_property (GObject *object,
1073 GApplication *application = G_APPLICATION (object);
1077 case PROP_APPLICATION_ID:
1078 g_value_set_string (value,
1079 g_application_get_application_id (application));
1083 g_value_set_flags (value,
1084 g_application_get_flags (application));
1087 case PROP_RESOURCE_BASE_PATH:
1088 g_value_set_string (value, g_application_get_resource_base_path (application));
1091 case PROP_IS_REGISTERED:
1092 g_value_set_boolean (value,
1093 g_application_get_is_registered (application));
1096 case PROP_IS_REMOTE:
1097 g_value_set_boolean (value,
1098 g_application_get_is_remote (application));
1101 case PROP_INACTIVITY_TIMEOUT:
1102 g_value_set_uint (value,
1103 g_application_get_inactivity_timeout (application));
1107 g_assert_not_reached ();
1112 g_application_constructed (GObject *object)
1114 GApplication *application = G_APPLICATION (object);
1116 if (g_application_get_default () == NULL)
1117 g_application_set_default (application);
1119 /* People should not set properties from _init... */
1120 g_assert (application->priv->resource_path == NULL);
1122 if (application->priv->id != NULL)
1126 application->priv->resource_path = g_strconcat ("/", application->priv->id, NULL);
1128 for (i = 1; application->priv->resource_path[i]; i++)
1129 if (application->priv->resource_path[i] == '.')
1130 application->priv->resource_path[i] = '/';
1135 g_application_finalize (GObject *object)
1137 GApplication *application = G_APPLICATION (object);
1139 g_slist_free_full (application->priv->option_groups, (GDestroyNotify) g_option_group_free);
1140 if (application->priv->main_options)
1141 g_option_group_free (application->priv->main_options);
1142 if (application->priv->packed_options)
1143 g_hash_table_unref (application->priv->packed_options);
1145 if (application->priv->impl)
1146 g_application_impl_destroy (application->priv->impl);
1147 g_free (application->priv->id);
1149 if (g_application_get_default () == application)
1150 g_application_set_default (NULL);
1152 if (application->priv->actions)
1153 g_object_unref (application->priv->actions);
1155 if (application->priv->notifications)
1156 g_object_unref (application->priv->notifications);
1158 G_OBJECT_CLASS (g_application_parent_class)
1159 ->finalize (object);
1163 g_application_init (GApplication *application)
1165 application->priv = g_application_get_instance_private (application);
1167 application->priv->actions = g_application_exported_actions_new (application);
1169 /* application->priv->actions is the one and only ref on the group, so when
1170 * we dispose, the action group will die, disconnecting all signals.
1172 g_signal_connect_swapped (application->priv->actions, "action-added",
1173 G_CALLBACK (g_action_group_action_added), application);
1174 g_signal_connect_swapped (application->priv->actions, "action-enabled-changed",
1175 G_CALLBACK (g_action_group_action_enabled_changed), application);
1176 g_signal_connect_swapped (application->priv->actions, "action-state-changed",
1177 G_CALLBACK (g_action_group_action_state_changed), application);
1178 g_signal_connect_swapped (application->priv->actions, "action-removed",
1179 G_CALLBACK (g_action_group_action_removed), application);
1183 g_application_handle_local_options_accumulator (GSignalInvocationHint *ihint,
1184 GValue *return_accu,
1185 const GValue *handler_return,
1190 value = g_value_get_int (handler_return);
1191 g_value_set_int (return_accu, value);
1197 g_application_class_init (GApplicationClass *class)
1199 GObjectClass *object_class = G_OBJECT_CLASS (class);
1201 object_class->constructed = g_application_constructed;
1202 object_class->finalize = g_application_finalize;
1203 object_class->get_property = g_application_get_property;
1204 object_class->set_property = g_application_set_property;
1206 class->before_emit = g_application_real_before_emit;
1207 class->after_emit = g_application_real_after_emit;
1208 class->startup = g_application_real_startup;
1209 class->shutdown = g_application_real_shutdown;
1210 class->activate = g_application_real_activate;
1211 class->open = g_application_real_open;
1212 class->command_line = g_application_real_command_line;
1213 class->local_command_line = g_application_real_local_command_line;
1214 class->handle_local_options = g_application_real_handle_local_options;
1215 class->add_platform_data = g_application_real_add_platform_data;
1216 class->dbus_register = g_application_real_dbus_register;
1217 class->dbus_unregister = g_application_real_dbus_unregister;
1219 g_object_class_install_property (object_class, PROP_APPLICATION_ID,
1220 g_param_spec_string ("application-id",
1221 P_("Application identifier"),
1222 P_("The unique identifier for the application"),
1223 NULL, G_PARAM_READWRITE | G_PARAM_CONSTRUCT |
1224 G_PARAM_STATIC_STRINGS));
1226 g_object_class_install_property (object_class, PROP_FLAGS,
1227 g_param_spec_flags ("flags",
1228 P_("Application flags"),
1229 P_("Flags specifying the behaviour of the application"),
1230 G_TYPE_APPLICATION_FLAGS, G_APPLICATION_FLAGS_NONE,
1231 G_PARAM_READWRITE | G_PARAM_STATIC_STRINGS));
1233 g_object_class_install_property (object_class, PROP_RESOURCE_BASE_PATH,
1234 g_param_spec_string ("resource-base-path",
1235 P_("Resource base path"),
1236 P_("The base resource path for the application"),
1237 NULL, G_PARAM_READWRITE | G_PARAM_STATIC_STRINGS));
1239 g_object_class_install_property (object_class, PROP_IS_REGISTERED,
1240 g_param_spec_boolean ("is-registered",
1241 P_("Is registered"),
1242 P_("If g_application_register() has been called"),
1243 FALSE, G_PARAM_READABLE | G_PARAM_STATIC_STRINGS));
1245 g_object_class_install_property (object_class, PROP_IS_REMOTE,
1246 g_param_spec_boolean ("is-remote",
1248 P_("If this application instance is remote"),
1249 FALSE, G_PARAM_READABLE | G_PARAM_STATIC_STRINGS));
1251 g_object_class_install_property (object_class, PROP_INACTIVITY_TIMEOUT,
1252 g_param_spec_uint ("inactivity-timeout",
1253 P_("Inactivity timeout"),
1254 P_("Time (ms) to stay alive after becoming idle"),
1256 G_PARAM_READWRITE | G_PARAM_STATIC_STRINGS));
1258 g_object_class_install_property (object_class, PROP_ACTION_GROUP,
1259 g_param_spec_object ("action-group",
1261 P_("The group of actions that the application exports"),
1262 G_TYPE_ACTION_GROUP,
1263 G_PARAM_DEPRECATED | G_PARAM_WRITABLE | G_PARAM_STATIC_STRINGS));
1266 * GApplication::startup:
1267 * @application: the application
1269 * The ::startup signal is emitted on the primary instance immediately
1270 * after registration. See g_application_register().
1272 g_application_signals[SIGNAL_STARTUP] =
1273 g_signal_new ("startup", G_TYPE_APPLICATION, G_SIGNAL_RUN_FIRST,
1274 G_STRUCT_OFFSET (GApplicationClass, startup),
1275 NULL, NULL, g_cclosure_marshal_VOID__VOID, G_TYPE_NONE, 0);
1278 * GApplication::shutdown:
1279 * @application: the application
1281 * The ::shutdown signal is emitted only on the registered primary instance
1282 * immediately after the main loop terminates.
1284 g_application_signals[SIGNAL_SHUTDOWN] =
1285 g_signal_new ("shutdown", G_TYPE_APPLICATION, G_SIGNAL_RUN_LAST,
1286 G_STRUCT_OFFSET (GApplicationClass, shutdown),
1287 NULL, NULL, g_cclosure_marshal_VOID__VOID, G_TYPE_NONE, 0);
1290 * GApplication::activate:
1291 * @application: the application
1293 * The ::activate signal is emitted on the primary instance when an
1294 * activation occurs. See g_application_activate().
1296 g_application_signals[SIGNAL_ACTIVATE] =
1297 g_signal_new ("activate", G_TYPE_APPLICATION, G_SIGNAL_RUN_LAST,
1298 G_STRUCT_OFFSET (GApplicationClass, activate),
1299 NULL, NULL, g_cclosure_marshal_VOID__VOID, G_TYPE_NONE, 0);
1303 * GApplication::open:
1304 * @application: the application
1305 * @files: (array length=n_files) (element-type GFile): an array of #GFiles
1306 * @n_files: the length of @files
1307 * @hint: a hint provided by the calling instance
1309 * The ::open signal is emitted on the primary instance when there are
1310 * files to open. See g_application_open() for more information.
1312 g_application_signals[SIGNAL_OPEN] =
1313 g_signal_new ("open", G_TYPE_APPLICATION, G_SIGNAL_RUN_LAST,
1314 G_STRUCT_OFFSET (GApplicationClass, open),
1316 G_TYPE_NONE, 3, G_TYPE_POINTER, G_TYPE_INT, G_TYPE_STRING);
1319 * GApplication::command-line:
1320 * @application: the application
1321 * @command_line: a #GApplicationCommandLine representing the
1322 * passed commandline
1324 * The ::command-line signal is emitted on the primary instance when
1325 * a commandline is not handled locally. See g_application_run() and
1326 * the #GApplicationCommandLine documentation for more information.
1328 * Returns: An integer that is set as the exit status for the calling
1329 * process. See g_application_command_line_set_exit_status().
1331 g_application_signals[SIGNAL_COMMAND_LINE] =
1332 g_signal_new ("command-line", G_TYPE_APPLICATION, G_SIGNAL_RUN_LAST,
1333 G_STRUCT_OFFSET (GApplicationClass, command_line),
1334 g_signal_accumulator_first_wins, NULL,
1336 G_TYPE_INT, 1, G_TYPE_APPLICATION_COMMAND_LINE);
1339 * GApplication::handle-local-options:
1340 * @application: the application
1341 * @options: the options dictionary
1343 * The ::handle-local-options signal is emitted on the local instance
1344 * after the parsing of the commandline options has occurred.
1346 * You can add options to be recognised during commandline option
1347 * parsing using g_application_add_main_option_entries() and
1348 * g_application_add_option_group().
1350 * Signal handlers can inspect @options (along with values pointed to
1351 * from the @arg_data of an installed #GOptionEntrys) in order to
1352 * decide to perform certain actions, including direct local handling
1353 * (which may be useful for options like --version).
1355 * If the options have been "handled" then a non-negative value should
1356 * be returned. In this case, the return value is the exit status: 0
1357 * for success and a positive value for failure. -1 means to continue
1358 * normal processing.
1360 * In the event that the application is marked
1361 * %G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_COMMAND_LINE the "normal processing" will
1362 * send the @option dictionary to the primary instance where it can be
1363 * read with g_application_command_line_get_options(). The signal
1364 * handler can modify the dictionary before returning, and the
1365 * modified dictionary will be sent.
1367 * In the event that %G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_COMMAND_LINE is not set,
1368 * "normal processing" will treat the remaining uncollected command
1369 * line arguments as filenames or URIs. If there are no arguments,
1370 * the application is activated by g_application_activate(). One or
1371 * more arguments results in a call to g_application_open().
1373 * If you want to handle the local commandline arguments for yourself
1374 * by converting them to calls to g_application_open() or
1375 * g_action_group_activate_action() then you must be sure to register
1376 * the application first. You should probably not call
1377 * g_application_activate() for yourself, however: just return -1 and
1378 * allow the default handler to do it for you. This will ensure that
1379 * the `--gapplication-service` switch works properly (i.e. no activation
1382 * Note that this signal is emitted from the default implementation of
1383 * local_command_line(). If you override that function and don't
1384 * chain up then this signal will never be emitted.
1386 * You can override local_command_line() if you need more powerful
1387 * capabilities than what is provided here, but this should not
1388 * normally be required.
1392 g_application_signals[SIGNAL_HANDLE_LOCAL_OPTIONS] =
1393 g_signal_new ("handle-local-options", G_TYPE_APPLICATION, G_SIGNAL_RUN_LAST,
1394 G_STRUCT_OFFSET (GApplicationClass, handle_local_options),
1395 g_application_handle_local_options_accumulator, NULL, NULL,
1396 G_TYPE_INT, 1, G_TYPE_VARIANT_DICT);
1400 /* Application ID validity {{{1 */
1403 * g_application_id_is_valid:
1404 * @application_id: a potential application identifier
1406 * Checks if @application_id is a valid application identifier.
1408 * A valid ID is required for calls to g_application_new() and
1409 * g_application_set_application_id().
1411 * For convenience, the restrictions on application identifiers are
1414 * - Application identifiers must contain only the ASCII characters
1415 * "[A-Z][a-z][0-9]_-." and must not begin with a digit.
1417 * - Application identifiers must contain at least one '.' (period)
1418 * character (and thus at least three elements).
1420 * - Application identifiers must not begin or end with a '.' (period)
1423 * - Application identifiers must not contain consecutive '.' (period)
1426 * - Application identifiers must not exceed 255 characters.
1428 * Returns: %TRUE if @application_id is valid
1431 g_application_id_is_valid (const gchar *application_id)
1437 len = strlen (application_id);
1442 if (!g_ascii_isalpha (application_id[0]))
1445 if (application_id[len-1] == '.')
1451 for (; *application_id; application_id++)
1453 if (g_ascii_isalnum (*application_id) ||
1454 (*application_id == '-') ||
1455 (*application_id == '_'))
1459 else if (allow_dot && *application_id == '.')
1474 /* Public Constructor {{{1 */
1476 * g_application_new:
1477 * @application_id: (allow-none): the application id
1478 * @flags: the application flags
1480 * Creates a new #GApplication instance.
1482 * If non-%NULL, the application id must be valid. See
1483 * g_application_id_is_valid().
1485 * If no application ID is given then some features of #GApplication
1486 * (most notably application uniqueness) will be disabled.
1488 * Returns: a new #GApplication instance
1491 g_application_new (const gchar *application_id,
1492 GApplicationFlags flags)
1494 g_return_val_if_fail (application_id == NULL || g_application_id_is_valid (application_id), NULL);
1496 return g_object_new (G_TYPE_APPLICATION,
1497 "application-id", application_id,
1502 /* Simple get/set: application id, flags, inactivity timeout {{{1 */
1504 * g_application_get_application_id:
1505 * @application: a #GApplication
1507 * Gets the unique identifier for @application.
1509 * Returns: the identifier for @application, owned by @application
1514 g_application_get_application_id (GApplication *application)
1516 g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application), NULL);
1518 return application->priv->id;
1522 * g_application_set_application_id:
1523 * @application: a #GApplication
1524 * @application_id: (allow-none): the identifier for @application
1526 * Sets the unique identifier for @application.
1528 * The application id can only be modified if @application has not yet
1531 * If non-%NULL, the application id must be valid. See
1532 * g_application_id_is_valid().
1537 g_application_set_application_id (GApplication *application,
1538 const gchar *application_id)
1540 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application));
1542 if (g_strcmp0 (application->priv->id, application_id) != 0)
1544 g_return_if_fail (application_id == NULL || g_application_id_is_valid (application_id));
1545 g_return_if_fail (!application->priv->is_registered);
1547 g_free (application->priv->id);
1548 application->priv->id = g_strdup (application_id);
1550 g_object_notify (G_OBJECT (application), "application-id");
1555 * g_application_get_flags:
1556 * @application: a #GApplication
1558 * Gets the flags for @application.
1560 * See #GApplicationFlags.
1562 * Returns: the flags for @application
1567 g_application_get_flags (GApplication *application)
1569 g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application), 0);
1571 return application->priv->flags;
1575 * g_application_set_flags:
1576 * @application: a #GApplication
1577 * @flags: the flags for @application
1579 * Sets the flags for @application.
1581 * The flags can only be modified if @application has not yet been
1584 * See #GApplicationFlags.
1589 g_application_set_flags (GApplication *application,
1590 GApplicationFlags flags)
1592 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application));
1594 if (application->priv->flags != flags)
1596 g_return_if_fail (!application->priv->is_registered);
1598 application->priv->flags = flags;
1600 g_object_notify (G_OBJECT (application), "flags");
1605 * g_application_get_resource_base_path:
1606 * @application: a #GApplication
1608 * Gets the resource base path of @application.
1610 * See g_application_set_resource_base_path() for more information.
1612 * Returns: (nullable): the base resource path, if one is set
1617 g_application_get_resource_base_path (GApplication *application)
1619 g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application), NULL);
1621 return application->priv->resource_path;
1625 * g_application_set_resource_base_path:
1626 * @application: a #GApplication
1627 * @resource_path: (nullable): the resource path to use
1629 * Sets (or unsets) the base resource path of @application.
1631 * The path is used to automatically load various [application
1632 * resources][gresource] such as menu layouts and action descriptions.
1633 * The various types of resources will be found at fixed names relative
1634 * to the given base path.
1636 * By default, the resource base path is determined from the application
1637 * ID by prefixing '/' and replacing each '.' with '/'. This is done at
1638 * the time that the #GApplication object is constructed. Changes to
1639 * the application ID after that point will not have an impact on the
1640 * resource base path.
1642 * As an example, if the application has an ID of "org.example.app" then
1643 * the default resource base path will be "/org/example/app". If this
1644 * is a #GtkApplication (and you have not manually changed the path)
1645 * then Gtk will then search for the menus of the application at
1646 * "/org/example/app/gtk/menus.ui".
1648 * See #GResource for more information about adding resources to your
1651 * You can disable automatic resource loading functionality by setting
1652 * the path to %NULL.
1654 * Changing the resource base path once the application is running is
1655 * not recommended. The point at which the resource path is consulted
1656 * for forming paths for various purposes is unspecified.
1661 g_application_set_resource_base_path (GApplication *application,
1662 const gchar *resource_path)
1664 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application));
1665 g_return_if_fail (resource_path == NULL || g_str_has_prefix (resource_path, "/"));
1667 if (g_strcmp0 (application->priv->resource_path, resource_path) != 0)
1669 g_free (application->priv->resource_path);
1671 application->priv->resource_path = g_strdup (resource_path);
1673 g_object_notify (G_OBJECT (application), "resource-base-path");
1678 * g_application_get_inactivity_timeout:
1679 * @application: a #GApplication
1681 * Gets the current inactivity timeout for the application.
1683 * This is the amount of time (in milliseconds) after the last call to
1684 * g_application_release() before the application stops running.
1686 * Returns: the timeout, in milliseconds
1691 g_application_get_inactivity_timeout (GApplication *application)
1693 g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application), 0);
1695 return application->priv->inactivity_timeout;
1699 * g_application_set_inactivity_timeout:
1700 * @application: a #GApplication
1701 * @inactivity_timeout: the timeout, in milliseconds
1703 * Sets the current inactivity timeout for the application.
1705 * This is the amount of time (in milliseconds) after the last call to
1706 * g_application_release() before the application stops running.
1708 * This call has no side effects of its own. The value set here is only
1709 * used for next time g_application_release() drops the use count to
1710 * zero. Any timeouts currently in progress are not impacted.
1715 g_application_set_inactivity_timeout (GApplication *application,
1716 guint inactivity_timeout)
1718 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application));
1720 if (application->priv->inactivity_timeout != inactivity_timeout)
1722 application->priv->inactivity_timeout = inactivity_timeout;
1724 g_object_notify (G_OBJECT (application), "inactivity-timeout");
1727 /* Read-only property getters (is registered, is remote, dbus stuff) {{{1 */
1729 * g_application_get_is_registered:
1730 * @application: a #GApplication
1732 * Checks if @application is registered.
1734 * An application is registered if g_application_register() has been
1735 * successfully called.
1737 * Returns: %TRUE if @application is registered
1742 g_application_get_is_registered (GApplication *application)
1744 g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application), FALSE);
1746 return application->priv->is_registered;
1750 * g_application_get_is_remote:
1751 * @application: a #GApplication
1753 * Checks if @application is remote.
1755 * If @application is remote then it means that another instance of
1756 * application already exists (the 'primary' instance). Calls to
1757 * perform actions on @application will result in the actions being
1758 * performed by the primary instance.
1760 * The value of this property cannot be accessed before
1761 * g_application_register() has been called. See
1762 * g_application_get_is_registered().
1764 * Returns: %TRUE if @application is remote
1769 g_application_get_is_remote (GApplication *application)
1771 g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application), FALSE);
1772 g_return_val_if_fail (application->priv->is_registered, FALSE);
1774 return application->priv->is_remote;
1778 * g_application_get_dbus_connection:
1779 * @application: a #GApplication
1781 * Gets the #GDBusConnection being used by the application, or %NULL.
1783 * If #GApplication is using its D-Bus backend then this function will
1784 * return the #GDBusConnection being used for uniqueness and
1785 * communication with the desktop environment and other instances of the
1788 * If #GApplication is not using D-Bus then this function will return
1789 * %NULL. This includes the situation where the D-Bus backend would
1790 * normally be in use but we were unable to connect to the bus.
1792 * This function must not be called before the application has been
1793 * registered. See g_application_get_is_registered().
1795 * Returns: (transfer none): a #GDBusConnection, or %NULL
1800 g_application_get_dbus_connection (GApplication *application)
1802 g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application), FALSE);
1803 g_return_val_if_fail (application->priv->is_registered, FALSE);
1805 return g_application_impl_get_dbus_connection (application->priv->impl);
1809 * g_application_get_dbus_object_path:
1810 * @application: a #GApplication
1812 * Gets the D-Bus object path being used by the application, or %NULL.
1814 * If #GApplication is using its D-Bus backend then this function will
1815 * return the D-Bus object path that #GApplication is using. If the
1816 * application is the primary instance then there is an object published
1817 * at this path. If the application is not the primary instance then
1818 * the result of this function is undefined.
1820 * If #GApplication is not using D-Bus then this function will return
1821 * %NULL. This includes the situation where the D-Bus backend would
1822 * normally be in use but we were unable to connect to the bus.
1824 * This function must not be called before the application has been
1825 * registered. See g_application_get_is_registered().
1827 * Returns: the object path, or %NULL
1832 g_application_get_dbus_object_path (GApplication *application)
1834 g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application), FALSE);
1835 g_return_val_if_fail (application->priv->is_registered, FALSE);
1837 return g_application_impl_get_dbus_object_path (application->priv->impl);
1843 * g_application_register:
1844 * @application: a #GApplication
1845 * @cancellable: (allow-none): a #GCancellable, or %NULL
1846 * @error: a pointer to a NULL #GError, or %NULL
1848 * Attempts registration of the application.
1850 * This is the point at which the application discovers if it is the
1851 * primary instance or merely acting as a remote for an already-existing
1852 * primary instance. This is implemented by attempting to acquire the
1853 * application identifier as a unique bus name on the session bus using
1856 * If there is no application ID or if %G_APPLICATION_NON_UNIQUE was
1857 * given, then this process will always become the primary instance.
1859 * Due to the internal architecture of GDBus, method calls can be
1860 * dispatched at any time (even if a main loop is not running). For
1861 * this reason, you must ensure that any object paths that you wish to
1862 * register are registered before calling this function.
1864 * If the application has already been registered then %TRUE is
1865 * returned with no work performed.
1867 * The #GApplication::startup signal is emitted if registration succeeds
1868 * and @application is the primary instance (including the non-unique
1871 * In the event of an error (such as @cancellable being cancelled, or a
1872 * failure to connect to the session bus), %FALSE is returned and @error
1873 * is set appropriately.
1875 * Note: the return value of this function is not an indicator that this
1876 * instance is or is not the primary instance of the application. See
1877 * g_application_get_is_remote() for that.
1879 * Returns: %TRUE if registration succeeded
1884 g_application_register (GApplication *application,
1885 GCancellable *cancellable,
1888 g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application), FALSE);
1890 if (!application->priv->is_registered)
1892 if (application->priv->id == NULL)
1893 application->priv->flags |= G_APPLICATION_NON_UNIQUE;
1895 application->priv->impl =
1896 g_application_impl_register (application, application->priv->id,
1897 application->priv->flags,
1898 application->priv->actions,
1899 &application->priv->remote_actions,
1900 cancellable, error);
1902 if (application->priv->impl == NULL)
1905 application->priv->is_remote = application->priv->remote_actions != NULL;
1906 application->priv->is_registered = TRUE;
1908 g_object_notify (G_OBJECT (application), "is-registered");
1910 if (!application->priv->is_remote)
1912 g_signal_emit (application, g_application_signals[SIGNAL_STARTUP], 0);
1914 if (!application->priv->did_startup)
1915 g_critical ("GApplication subclass '%s' failed to chain up on"
1916 " ::startup (from start of override function)",
1917 G_OBJECT_TYPE_NAME (application));
1924 /* Hold/release {{{1 */
1926 * g_application_hold:
1927 * @application: a #GApplication
1929 * Increases the use count of @application.
1931 * Use this function to indicate that the application has a reason to
1932 * continue to run. For example, g_application_hold() is called by GTK+
1933 * when a toplevel window is on the screen.
1935 * To cancel the hold, call g_application_release().
1938 g_application_hold (GApplication *application)
1940 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application));
1942 if (application->priv->inactivity_timeout_id)
1944 g_source_remove (application->priv->inactivity_timeout_id);
1945 application->priv->inactivity_timeout_id = 0;
1948 application->priv->use_count++;
1952 inactivity_timeout_expired (gpointer data)
1954 GApplication *application = G_APPLICATION (data);
1956 application->priv->inactivity_timeout_id = 0;
1958 return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
1963 * g_application_release:
1964 * @application: a #GApplication
1966 * Decrease the use count of @application.
1968 * When the use count reaches zero, the application will stop running.
1970 * Never call this function except to cancel the effect of a previous
1971 * call to g_application_hold().
1974 g_application_release (GApplication *application)
1976 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application));
1977 g_return_if_fail (application->priv->use_count > 0);
1979 application->priv->use_count--;
1981 if (application->priv->use_count == 0 && application->priv->inactivity_timeout)
1982 application->priv->inactivity_timeout_id = g_timeout_add (application->priv->inactivity_timeout,
1983 inactivity_timeout_expired, application);
1986 /* Activate, Open {{{1 */
1988 * g_application_activate:
1989 * @application: a #GApplication
1991 * Activates the application.
1993 * In essence, this results in the #GApplication::activate signal being
1994 * emitted in the primary instance.
1996 * The application must be registered before calling this function.
2001 g_application_activate (GApplication *application)
2003 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application));
2004 g_return_if_fail (application->priv->is_registered);
2006 if (application->priv->is_remote)
2007 g_application_impl_activate (application->priv->impl,
2008 get_platform_data (application, NULL));
2011 g_signal_emit (application, g_application_signals[SIGNAL_ACTIVATE], 0);
2015 * g_application_open:
2016 * @application: a #GApplication
2017 * @files: (array length=n_files): an array of #GFiles to open
2018 * @n_files: the length of the @files array
2019 * @hint: a hint (or ""), but never %NULL
2021 * Opens the given files.
2023 * In essence, this results in the #GApplication::open signal being emitted
2024 * in the primary instance.
2026 * @n_files must be greater than zero.
2028 * @hint is simply passed through to the ::open signal. It is
2029 * intended to be used by applications that have multiple modes for
2030 * opening files (eg: "view" vs "edit", etc). Unless you have a need
2031 * for this functionality, you should use "".
2033 * The application must be registered before calling this function
2034 * and it must have the %G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_OPEN flag set.
2039 g_application_open (GApplication *application,
2044 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application));
2045 g_return_if_fail (application->priv->flags &
2046 G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_OPEN);
2047 g_return_if_fail (application->priv->is_registered);
2049 if (application->priv->is_remote)
2050 g_application_impl_open (application->priv->impl,
2051 files, n_files, hint,
2052 get_platform_data (application, NULL));
2055 g_signal_emit (application, g_application_signals[SIGNAL_OPEN],
2056 0, files, n_files, hint);
2061 * g_application_run:
2062 * @application: a #GApplication
2063 * @argc: the argc from main() (or 0 if @argv is %NULL)
2064 * @argv: (array length=argc) (allow-none): the argv from main(), or %NULL
2066 * Runs the application.
2068 * This function is intended to be run from main() and its return value
2069 * is intended to be returned by main(). Although you are expected to pass
2070 * the @argc, @argv parameters from main() to this function, it is possible
2071 * to pass %NULL if @argv is not available or commandline handling is not
2072 * required. Note that on Windows, @argc and @argv are ignored, and
2073 * g_win32_get_command_line() is called internally (for proper support
2074 * of Unicode commandline arguments).
2076 * #GApplication will attempt to parse the commandline arguments. You
2077 * can add commandline flags to the list of recognised options by way of
2078 * g_application_add_main_option_entries(). After this, the
2079 * #GApplication::handle-local-options signal is emitted, from which the
2080 * application can inspect the values of its #GOptionEntrys.
2082 * #GApplication::handle-local-options is a good place to handle options
2083 * such as `--version`, where an immediate reply from the local process is
2084 * desired (instead of communicating with an already-running instance).
2085 * A #GApplication::handle-local-options handler can stop further processing
2086 * by returning a non-negative value, which then becomes the exit status of
2089 * What happens next depends on the flags: if
2090 * %G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_COMMAND_LINE was specified then the remaining
2091 * commandline arguments are sent to the primary instance, where a
2092 * #GApplication::command-line signal is emitted. Otherwise, the
2093 * remaining commandline arguments are assumed to be a list of files.
2094 * If there are no files listed, the application is activated via the
2095 * #GApplication::activate signal. If there are one or more files, and
2096 * %G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_OPEN was specified then the files are opened
2097 * via the #GApplication::open signal.
2099 * If you are interested in doing more complicated local handling of the
2100 * commandline then you should implement your own #GApplication subclass
2101 * and override local_command_line(). In this case, you most likely want
2102 * to return %TRUE from your local_command_line() implementation to
2103 * suppress the default handling. See
2104 * [gapplication-example-cmdline2.c][gapplication-example-cmdline2]
2107 * If, after the above is done, the use count of the application is zero
2108 * then the exit status is returned immediately. If the use count is
2109 * non-zero then the default main context is iterated until the use count
2110 * falls to zero, at which point 0 is returned.
2112 * If the %G_APPLICATION_IS_SERVICE flag is set, then the service will
2113 * run for as much as 10 seconds with a use count of zero while waiting
2114 * for the message that caused the activation to arrive. After that,
2115 * if the use count falls to zero the application will exit immediately,
2116 * except in the case that g_application_set_inactivity_timeout() is in
2119 * This function sets the prgname (g_set_prgname()), if not already set,
2120 * to the basename of argv[0]. Since 2.38, if %G_APPLICATION_IS_SERVICE
2121 * is specified, the prgname is set to the application ID. The main
2122 * impact of this is is that the wmclass of windows created by Gtk+ will
2123 * be set accordingly, which helps the window manager determine which
2124 * application is showing the window.
2126 * Since 2.40, applications that are not explicitly flagged as services
2127 * or launchers (ie: neither %G_APPLICATION_IS_SERVICE or
2128 * %G_APPLICATION_IS_LAUNCHER are given as flags) will check (from the
2129 * default handler for local_command_line) if "--gapplication-service"
2130 * was given in the command line. If this flag is present then normal
2131 * commandline processing is interrupted and the
2132 * %G_APPLICATION_IS_SERVICE flag is set. This provides a "compromise"
2133 * solution whereby running an application directly from the commandline
2134 * will invoke it in the normal way (which can be useful for debugging)
2135 * while still allowing applications to be D-Bus activated in service
2136 * mode. The D-Bus service file should invoke the executable with
2137 * "--gapplication-service" as the sole commandline argument. This
2138 * approach is suitable for use by most graphical applications but
2139 * should not be used from applications like editors that need precise
2140 * control over when processes invoked via the commandline will exit and
2141 * what their exit status will be.
2143 * Returns: the exit status
2148 g_application_run (GApplication *application,
2155 g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application), 1);
2156 g_return_val_if_fail (argc == 0 || argv != NULL, 1);
2157 g_return_val_if_fail (!application->priv->must_quit_now, 1);
2160 arguments = g_win32_get_command_line ();
2165 arguments = g_new (gchar *, argc + 1);
2166 for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
2167 arguments[i] = g_strdup (argv[i]);
2168 arguments[i] = NULL;
2172 if (g_get_prgname () == NULL)
2174 if (application->priv->flags & G_APPLICATION_IS_SERVICE)
2176 g_set_prgname (application->priv->id);
2182 prgname = g_path_get_basename (argv[0]);
2183 g_set_prgname (prgname);
2188 if (!G_APPLICATION_GET_CLASS (application)
2189 ->local_command_line (application, &arguments, &status))
2191 GError *error = NULL;
2193 if (!g_application_register (application, NULL, &error))
2195 g_printerr ("Failed to register: %s\n", error->message);
2196 g_error_free (error);
2200 g_application_call_command_line (application, (const gchar **) arguments, NULL, &status);
2203 g_strfreev (arguments);
2205 if (application->priv->flags & G_APPLICATION_IS_SERVICE &&
2206 application->priv->is_registered &&
2207 !application->priv->use_count &&
2208 !application->priv->inactivity_timeout_id)
2210 application->priv->inactivity_timeout_id =
2211 g_timeout_add (10000, inactivity_timeout_expired, application);
2214 while (application->priv->use_count || application->priv->inactivity_timeout_id)
2216 if (application->priv->must_quit_now)
2219 g_main_context_iteration (NULL, TRUE);
2223 if (application->priv->is_registered && !application->priv->is_remote)
2225 g_signal_emit (application, g_application_signals[SIGNAL_SHUTDOWN], 0);
2227 if (!application->priv->did_shutdown)
2228 g_critical ("GApplication subclass '%s' failed to chain up on"
2229 " ::shutdown (from end of override function)",
2230 G_OBJECT_TYPE_NAME (application));
2233 if (application->priv->impl)
2234 g_application_impl_flush (application->priv->impl);
2242 g_application_list_actions (GActionGroup *action_group)
2244 GApplication *application = G_APPLICATION (action_group);
2246 g_return_val_if_fail (application->priv->is_registered, NULL);
2248 if (application->priv->remote_actions != NULL)
2249 return g_action_group_list_actions (G_ACTION_GROUP (application->priv->remote_actions));
2251 else if (application->priv->actions != NULL)
2252 return g_action_group_list_actions (application->priv->actions);
2255 /* empty string array */
2256 return g_new0 (gchar *, 1);
2260 g_application_query_action (GActionGroup *group,
2261 const gchar *action_name,
2263 const GVariantType **parameter_type,
2264 const GVariantType **state_type,
2265 GVariant **state_hint,
2268 GApplication *application = G_APPLICATION (group);
2270 g_return_val_if_fail (application->priv->is_registered, FALSE);
2272 if (application->priv->remote_actions != NULL)
2273 return g_action_group_query_action (G_ACTION_GROUP (application->priv->remote_actions),
2281 if (application->priv->actions != NULL)
2282 return g_action_group_query_action (application->priv->actions,
2294 g_application_change_action_state (GActionGroup *action_group,
2295 const gchar *action_name,
2298 GApplication *application = G_APPLICATION (action_group);
2300 g_return_if_fail (application->priv->is_remote ||
2301 application->priv->actions != NULL);
2302 g_return_if_fail (application->priv->is_registered);
2304 if (application->priv->remote_actions)
2305 g_remote_action_group_change_action_state_full (application->priv->remote_actions,
2306 action_name, value, get_platform_data (application, NULL));
2309 g_action_group_change_action_state (application->priv->actions, action_name, value);
2313 g_application_activate_action (GActionGroup *action_group,
2314 const gchar *action_name,
2315 GVariant *parameter)
2317 GApplication *application = G_APPLICATION (action_group);
2319 g_return_if_fail (application->priv->is_remote ||
2320 application->priv->actions != NULL);
2321 g_return_if_fail (application->priv->is_registered);
2323 if (application->priv->remote_actions)
2324 g_remote_action_group_activate_action_full (application->priv->remote_actions,
2325 action_name, parameter, get_platform_data (application, NULL));
2328 g_action_group_activate_action (application->priv->actions, action_name, parameter);
2332 g_application_lookup_action (GActionMap *action_map,
2333 const gchar *action_name)
2335 GApplication *application = G_APPLICATION (action_map);
2337 g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_ACTION_MAP (application->priv->actions), NULL);
2339 return g_action_map_lookup_action (G_ACTION_MAP (application->priv->actions), action_name);
2343 g_application_add_action (GActionMap *action_map,
2346 GApplication *application = G_APPLICATION (action_map);
2348 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_ACTION_MAP (application->priv->actions));
2350 g_action_map_add_action (G_ACTION_MAP (application->priv->actions), action);
2354 g_application_remove_action (GActionMap *action_map,
2355 const gchar *action_name)
2357 GApplication *application = G_APPLICATION (action_map);
2359 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_ACTION_MAP (application->priv->actions));
2361 g_action_map_remove_action (G_ACTION_MAP (application->priv->actions), action_name);
2365 g_application_action_group_iface_init (GActionGroupInterface *iface)
2367 iface->list_actions = g_application_list_actions;
2368 iface->query_action = g_application_query_action;
2369 iface->change_action_state = g_application_change_action_state;
2370 iface->activate_action = g_application_activate_action;
2374 g_application_action_map_iface_init (GActionMapInterface *iface)
2376 iface->lookup_action = g_application_lookup_action;
2377 iface->add_action = g_application_add_action;
2378 iface->remove_action = g_application_remove_action;
2381 /* Default Application {{{1 */
2383 static GApplication *default_app;
2386 * g_application_get_default:
2388 * Returns the default #GApplication instance for this process.
2390 * Normally there is only one #GApplication per process and it becomes
2391 * the default when it is created. You can exercise more control over
2392 * this by using g_application_set_default().
2394 * If there is no default application then %NULL is returned.
2396 * Returns: (transfer none): the default application for this process, or %NULL
2401 g_application_get_default (void)
2407 * g_application_set_default:
2408 * @application: (allow-none): the application to set as default, or %NULL
2410 * Sets or unsets the default application for the process, as returned
2411 * by g_application_get_default().
2413 * This function does not take its own reference on @application. If
2414 * @application is destroyed then the default application will revert
2420 g_application_set_default (GApplication *application)
2422 default_app = application;
2426 * g_application_quit:
2427 * @application: a #GApplication
2429 * Immediately quits the application.
2431 * Upon return to the mainloop, g_application_run() will return,
2432 * calling only the 'shutdown' function before doing so.
2434 * The hold count is ignored.
2436 * The result of calling g_application_run() again after it returns is
2442 g_application_quit (GApplication *application)
2444 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application));
2446 application->priv->must_quit_now = TRUE;
2450 * g_application_mark_busy:
2451 * @application: a #GApplication
2453 * Increases the busy count of @application.
2455 * Use this function to indicate that the application is busy, for instance
2456 * while a long running operation is pending.
2458 * The busy state will be exposed to other processes, so a session shell will
2459 * use that information to indicate the state to the user (e.g. with a
2462 * To cancel the busy indication, use g_application_unmark_busy().
2467 g_application_mark_busy (GApplication *application)
2471 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application));
2473 was_busy = (application->priv->busy_count > 0);
2474 application->priv->busy_count++;
2477 g_application_impl_set_busy_state (application->priv->impl, TRUE);
2481 * g_application_unmark_busy:
2482 * @application: a #GApplication
2484 * Decreases the busy count of @application.
2486 * When the busy count reaches zero, the new state will be propagated
2487 * to other processes.
2489 * This function must only be called to cancel the effect of a previous
2490 * call to g_application_mark_busy().
2495 g_application_unmark_busy (GApplication *application)
2497 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application));
2498 g_return_if_fail (application->priv->busy_count > 0);
2500 application->priv->busy_count--;
2502 if (application->priv->busy_count == 0)
2503 g_application_impl_set_busy_state (application->priv->impl, FALSE);
2506 /* Notifications {{{1 */
2509 * g_application_send_notification:
2510 * @application: a #GApplication
2511 * @id: (allow-none): id of the notification, or %NULL
2512 * @notification: the #GNotification to send
2514 * Sends a notification on behalf of @application to the desktop shell.
2515 * There is no guarantee that the notification is displayed immediately,
2518 * Notifications may persist after the application exits. It will be
2519 * D-Bus-activated when the notification or one of its actions is
2522 * Modifying @notification after this call has no effect. However, the
2523 * object can be reused for a later call to this function.
2525 * @id may be any string that uniquely identifies the event for the
2526 * application. It does not need to be in any special format. For
2527 * example, "new-message" might be appropriate for a notification about
2530 * If a previous notification was sent with the same @id, it will be
2531 * replaced with @notification and shown again as if it was a new
2532 * notification. This works even for notifications sent from a previous
2533 * execution of the application, as long as @id is the same string.
2535 * @id may be %NULL, but it is impossible to replace or withdraw
2536 * notifications without an id.
2538 * If @notification is no longer relevant, it can be withdrawn with
2539 * g_application_withdraw_notification().
2544 g_application_send_notification (GApplication *application,
2546 GNotification *notification)
2548 gchar *generated_id = NULL;
2550 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application));
2551 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_NOTIFICATION (notification));
2552 g_return_if_fail (g_application_get_is_registered (application));
2553 g_return_if_fail (!g_application_get_is_remote (application));
2555 if (application->priv->notifications == NULL)
2556 application->priv->notifications = g_notification_backend_new_default (application);
2560 generated_id = g_dbus_generate_guid ();
2564 g_notification_backend_send_notification (application->priv->notifications, id, notification);
2566 g_free (generated_id);
2570 * g_application_withdraw_notification:
2571 * @application: a #GApplication
2572 * @id: id of a previously sent notification
2574 * Withdraws a notification that was sent with
2575 * g_application_send_notification().
2577 * This call does nothing if a notification with @id doesn't exist or
2578 * the notification was never sent.
2580 * This function works even for notifications sent in previous
2581 * executions of this application, as long @id is the same as it was for
2582 * the sent notification.
2584 * Note that notifications are dismissed when the user clicks on one
2585 * of the buttons in a notification or triggers its default action, so
2586 * there is no need to explicitly withdraw the notification in that case.
2591 g_application_withdraw_notification (GApplication *application,
2594 g_return_if_fail (G_IS_APPLICATION (application));
2595 g_return_if_fail (id != NULL);
2597 if (application->priv->notifications)
2598 g_notification_backend_withdraw_notification (application->priv->notifications, id);
2602 /* vim:set foldmethod=marker: */