1 /* general.c -- Stuff that is used by all files. */
3 /* Copyright (C) 1987-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
7 Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
10 (at your option) any later version.
12 Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
23 #include "bashtypes.h"
25 # include <sys/param.h>
27 #include "posixstat.h"
29 #if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
36 #include "chartypes.h"
44 #include <tilde/tilde.h>
50 extern int expand_aliases;
51 extern int interactive_comments;
52 extern int check_hashed_filenames;
53 extern int source_uses_path;
54 extern int source_searches_cwd;
56 static char *bash_special_tilde_expansions __P((char *));
57 static int unquoted_tilde_word __P((const char *));
58 static void initialize_group_array __P((void));
60 /* A standard error message to use when getcwd() returns NULL. */
61 const char * const bash_getcwd_errstr = N_("getcwd: cannot access parent directories");
63 /* Do whatever is necessary to initialize `Posix mode'. */
68 /* Things that should be turned on when posix mode is enabled. */
71 interactive_comments = source_uses_path = expand_aliases = 1;
72 source_searches_cwd = 0;
75 /* Things that should be turned on when posix mode is disabled. */
78 source_searches_cwd = 1;
79 expand_aliases = interactive_shell;
83 /* **************************************************************** */
85 /* Functions to convert to and from and display non-standard types */
87 /* **************************************************************** */
89 #if defined (RLIMTYPE)
91 string_to_rlimtype (s)
99 while (s && *s && whitespace (*s))
101 if (s && (*s == '-' || *s == '+'))
106 for ( ; s && *s && DIGIT (*s); s++)
107 ret = (ret * 10) + TODIGIT (*s);
108 return (neg ? -ret : ret);
112 print_rlimtype (n, addnl)
116 char s[INT_STRLEN_BOUND (RLIMTYPE) + 1], *p;
125 while ((n /= 10) != 0);
133 while ((n /= 10) != 0);
136 printf ("%s%s", p, addnl ? "\n" : "");
138 #endif /* RLIMTYPE */
140 /* **************************************************************** */
142 /* Input Validation Functions */
144 /* **************************************************************** */
146 /* Return non-zero if all of the characters in STRING are digits. */
153 for (s = string; *s; s++)
160 /* Return non-zero if the characters pointed to by STRING constitute a
161 valid number. Stuff the converted number into RESULT if RESULT is
164 legal_number (string, result)
175 value = strtoimax (string, &ep, 10);
176 if (errno || ep == string)
177 return 0; /* errno is set on overflow or underflow */
179 /* Skip any trailing whitespace, since strtoimax does not. */
180 while (whitespace (*ep))
183 /* If *string is not '\0' but *ep is '\0' on return, the entire string
185 if (string && *string && *ep == '\0')
189 /* The SunOS4 implementation of strtol() will happily ignore
190 overflow conditions, so this cannot do overflow correctly
198 /* Return 1 if this token is a legal shell `identifier'; that is, it consists
199 solely of letters, digits, and underscores, and does not begin with a
202 legal_identifier (name)
208 if (!name || !(c = *name) || (legal_variable_starter (c) == 0))
211 for (s = name + 1; (c = *s) != 0; s++)
213 if (legal_variable_char (c) == 0)
219 /* Make sure that WORD is a valid shell identifier, i.e.
220 does not contain a dollar sign, nor is quoted in any way. Nor
221 does it consist of all digits. If CHECK_WORD is non-zero,
222 the word is checked to ensure that it consists of only letters,
223 digits, and underscores. */
225 check_identifier (word, check_word)
229 if ((word->flags & (W_HASDOLLAR|W_QUOTED)) || all_digits (word->word))
231 internal_error (_("`%s': not a valid identifier"), word->word);
234 else if (check_word && legal_identifier (word->word) == 0)
236 internal_error (_("`%s': not a valid identifier"), word->word);
243 /* Return 1 if STRING comprises a valid alias name. The shell accepts
244 essentially all characters except those which must be quoted to the
245 parser (which disqualifies them from alias expansion anyway) and `/'. */
247 legal_alias_name (string, flags)
253 for (s = string; *s; s++)
254 if (shellbreak (*s) || shellxquote (*s) || shellexp (*s) || (*s == '/'))
259 /* Returns non-zero if STRING is an assignment statement. The returned value
260 is the index of the `=' sign. */
262 assignment (string, flags)
266 register unsigned char c;
267 register int newi, indx;
269 c = string[indx = 0];
271 #if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
272 if ((legal_variable_starter (c) == 0) && (flags == 0 || c != '[')) /* ] */
274 if (legal_variable_starter (c) == 0)
278 while (c = string[indx])
280 /* The following is safe. Note that '=' at the start of a word
281 is not an assignment statement. */
285 #if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
288 newi = skipsubscript (string, indx, 0);
289 if (string[newi++] != ']')
291 if (string[newi] == '+' && string[newi+1] == '=')
293 return ((string[newi] == '=') ? newi : 0);
295 #endif /* ARRAY_VARS */
298 if (c == '+' && string[indx+1] == '=')
301 /* Variable names in assignment statements may contain only letters,
303 if (legal_variable_char (c) == 0)
311 /* **************************************************************** */
313 /* Functions to manage files and file descriptors */
315 /* **************************************************************** */
317 /* A function to unset no-delay mode on a file descriptor. Used in shell.c
318 to unset it on the fd passed as stdin. Should be called on stdin if
319 readline gets an EAGAIN or EWOULDBLOCK when trying to read input. */
321 #if !defined (O_NDELAY)
322 # if defined (FNDELAY)
323 # define O_NDELAY FNDELAY
325 #endif /* O_NDELAY */
327 /* Make sure no-delay mode is not set on file descriptor FD. */
329 sh_unset_nodelay_mode (fd)
334 if ((flags = fcntl (fd, F_GETFL, 0)) < 0)
339 /* This is defined to O_NDELAY in filecntl.h if O_NONBLOCK is not present
340 and O_NDELAY is defined. */
342 bflags |= O_NONBLOCK;
352 return (fcntl (fd, F_SETFL, flags));
358 /* Return 1 if file descriptor FD is valid; 0 otherwise. */
363 return (fcntl (fd, F_GETFD, 0) >= 0);
371 if (lseek ((fd), 0L, SEEK_CUR) < 0)
372 return (errno == ESPIPE);
376 /* There is a bug in the NeXT 2.1 rlogind that causes opens
377 of /dev/tty to fail. */
379 #if defined (__BEOS__)
380 /* On BeOS, opening in non-blocking mode exposes a bug in BeOS, so turn it
381 into a no-op. This should probably go away in the future. */
383 # define O_NONBLOCK 0
384 #endif /* __BEOS__ */
392 tty_fd = open ("/dev/tty", O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK);
396 tty = (char *)ttyname (fileno (stdin));
399 tty_fd = open (tty, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK);
404 /* Return 1 if PATH1 and PATH2 are the same file. This is kind of
405 expensive. If non-NULL STP1 and STP2 point to stat structures
406 corresponding to PATH1 and PATH2, respectively. */
408 same_file (path1, path2, stp1, stp2)
410 struct stat *stp1, *stp2;
412 struct stat st1, st2;
416 if (stat (path1, &st1) != 0)
423 if (stat (path2, &st2) != 0)
428 return ((stp1->st_dev == stp2->st_dev) && (stp1->st_ino == stp2->st_ino));
431 /* Move FD to a number close to the maximum number of file descriptors
432 allowed in the shell process, to avoid the user stepping on it with
433 redirection and causing us extra work. If CHECK_NEW is non-zero,
434 we check whether or not the file descriptors are in use before
435 duplicating FD onto them. MAXFD says where to start checking the
436 file descriptors. If it's less than 20, we get the maximum value
437 available from getdtablesize(2). */
439 move_to_high_fd (fd, check_new, maxfd)
440 int fd, check_new, maxfd;
442 int script_fd, nfds, ignore;
446 nfds = getdtablesize ();
449 if (nfds > HIGH_FD_MAX)
450 nfds = HIGH_FD_MAX; /* reasonable maximum */
455 for (nfds--; check_new && nfds > 3; nfds--)
456 if (fcntl (nfds, F_GETFD, &ignore) == -1)
459 if (nfds > 3 && fd != nfds && (script_fd = dup2 (fd, nfds)) != -1)
461 if (check_new == 0 || fd != fileno (stderr)) /* don't close stderr */
466 /* OK, we didn't find one less than our artificial maximum; return the
467 original file descriptor. */
471 /* Return non-zero if the characters from SAMPLE are not all valid
472 characters to be found in the first line of a shell script. We
473 check up to the first newline, or SAMPLE_LEN, whichever comes first.
474 All of the characters must be printable or whitespace. */
477 check_binary_file (sample, sample_len)
484 for (i = 0; i < sample_len; i++)
496 /* **************************************************************** */
498 /* Functions to manipulate pipes */
500 /* **************************************************************** */
508 if ((r = pipe (pv)) < 0)
511 pv[0] = move_to_high_fd (pv[0], 1, 64);
512 pv[1] = move_to_high_fd (pv[1], 1, 64);
531 /* **************************************************************** */
533 /* Functions to inspect pathnames */
535 /* **************************************************************** */
543 return (stat (fn, &sb) == 0);
552 return ((stat (fn, &sb) == 0) && S_ISDIR (sb.st_mode));
559 return (file_isdir (fn) && sh_eaccess (fn, W_OK) == 0);
562 /* Return 1 if STRING is "." or "..", optionally followed by a directory
565 dot_or_dotdot (string)
568 if (string == 0 || *string == '\0' || *string != '.')
571 /* string[0] == '.' */
572 if (PATHSEP(string[1]) || (string[1] == '.' && PATHSEP(string[2])))
578 /* Return 1 if STRING contains an absolute pathname, else 0. Used by `cd'
579 to decide whether or not to look up a directory name in $CDPATH. */
581 absolute_pathname (string)
584 if (string == 0 || *string == '\0')
590 if (string[0] == '.' && PATHSEP(string[1])) /* . and ./ */
593 if (string[0] == '.' && string[1] == '.' && PATHSEP(string[2])) /* .. and ../ */
599 /* Return 1 if STRING is an absolute program name; it is absolute if it
600 contains any slashes. This is used to decide whether or not to look
603 absolute_program (string)
606 return ((char *)mbschr (string, '/') != (char *)NULL);
609 /* **************************************************************** */
611 /* Functions to manipulate pathnames */
613 /* **************************************************************** */
615 /* Turn STRING (a pathname) into an absolute pathname, assuming that
616 DOT_PATH contains the symbolic location of `.'. This always
617 returns a new string, even if STRING was an absolute pathname to
620 make_absolute (string, dot_path)
621 char *string, *dot_path;
625 if (dot_path == 0 || ABSPATH(string))
628 char pathbuf[PATH_MAX + 1];
630 cygwin_conv_to_full_posix_path (string, pathbuf);
631 result = savestring (pathbuf);
634 result = savestring (string);
637 result = sh_makepath (dot_path, string, 0);
642 /* Return the `basename' of the pathname in STRING (the stuff after the
643 last '/'). If STRING is `/', just return it. */
645 base_pathname (string)
651 if (absolute_pathname (string) == 0)
655 if (string[0] == '/' && string[1] == 0)
658 p = (char *)strrchr (string, '/');
659 return (p ? ++p : string);
662 /* Return the full pathname of FILE. Easy. Filenames that begin
663 with a '/' are returned as themselves. Other filenames have
664 the current working directory prepended. A new string is
665 returned in either case. */
672 file = (*file == '~') ? bash_tilde_expand (file, 0) : savestring (file);
677 ret = sh_makepath ((char *)NULL, file, (MP_DOCWD|MP_RMDOT));
683 /* A slightly related function. Get the prettiest name of this
684 directory possible. */
685 static char tdir[PATH_MAX];
687 /* Return a pretty pathname. If the first part of the pathname is
688 the same as $HOME, then replace that with `~'. */
690 polite_directory_format (name)
696 home = get_string_value ("HOME");
697 l = home ? strlen (home) : 0;
698 if (l > 1 && strncmp (home, name, l) == 0 && (!name[l] || name[l] == '/'))
700 strncpy (tdir + 1, name + l, sizeof(tdir) - 2);
702 tdir[sizeof(tdir) - 1] = '\0';
709 /* Trim NAME. If NAME begins with `~/', skip over tilde prefix. Trim to
710 keep any tilde prefix and PROMPT_DIRTRIM trailing directory components
711 and replace the intervening characters with `...' */
713 trim_pathname (name, maxlen)
719 char *nbeg, *nend, *ntail, *v;
721 if (name == 0 || (nlen = strlen (name)) == 0)
725 v = get_string_value ("PROMPT_DIRTRIM");
726 if (v == 0 || *v == 0)
728 if (legal_number (v, &nskip) == 0 || nskip <= 0)
731 /* Skip over tilde prefix */
734 for (nbeg = name; *nbeg; nbeg++)
743 for (ndirs = 0, ntail = nbeg; *ntail; ntail++)
749 for (ntail = (*nend == '/') ? nend : nend - 1; ntail > nbeg; ntail--)
759 /* Now we want to return name[0..nbeg]+"..."+ntail, modifying name in place */
769 memcpy (nbeg, ntail, nlen);
775 /* Given a string containing units of information separated by colons,
776 return the next one pointed to by (P_INDEX), or NULL if there are no more.
777 Advance (P_INDEX) to the character after the colon. */
779 extract_colon_unit (string, p_index)
789 len = strlen (string);
791 return ((char *)NULL);
795 /* Each call to this routine leaves the index pointing at a colon if
796 there is more to the path. If I is > 0, then increment past the
797 `:'. If I is 0, then the path has a leading colon. Trailing colons
798 are handled OK by the `else' part of the if statement; an empty
799 string is returned in that case. */
800 if (i && string[i] == ':')
803 for (start = i; string[i] && string[i] != ':'; i++)
812 /* Return "" in the case of a trailing `:'. */
813 value = (char *)xmalloc (1);
817 value = substring (string, start, i);
822 /* **************************************************************** */
824 /* Tilde Initialization and Expansion */
826 /* **************************************************************** */
828 #if defined (PUSHD_AND_POPD)
829 extern char *get_dirstack_from_string __P((char *));
832 static char **bash_tilde_prefixes;
833 static char **bash_tilde_prefixes2;
834 static char **bash_tilde_suffixes;
835 static char **bash_tilde_suffixes2;
837 /* If tilde_expand hasn't been able to expand the text, perhaps it
838 is a special shell expansion. This function is installed as the
839 tilde_expansion_preexpansion_hook. It knows how to expand ~- and ~+.
840 If PUSHD_AND_POPD is defined, ~[+-]N expands to directories from the
843 bash_special_tilde_expansions (text)
848 result = (char *)NULL;
850 if (text[0] == '+' && text[1] == '\0')
851 result = get_string_value ("PWD");
852 else if (text[0] == '-' && text[1] == '\0')
853 result = get_string_value ("OLDPWD");
854 #if defined (PUSHD_AND_POPD)
855 else if (DIGIT (*text) || ((*text == '+' || *text == '-') && DIGIT (text[1])))
856 result = get_dirstack_from_string (text);
859 return (result ? savestring (result) : (char *)NULL);
862 /* Initialize the tilde expander. In Bash, we handle `~-' and `~+', as
863 well as handling special tilde prefixes; `:~" and `=~' are indications
864 that we should do tilde expansion. */
868 static int times_called = 0;
870 /* Tell the tilde expander that we want a crack first. */
871 tilde_expansion_preexpansion_hook = bash_special_tilde_expansions;
873 /* Tell the tilde expander about special strings which start a tilde
874 expansion, and the special strings that end one. Only do this once.
875 tilde_initialize () is called from within bashline_reinitialize (). */
876 if (times_called++ == 0)
878 bash_tilde_prefixes = strvec_create (3);
879 bash_tilde_prefixes[0] = "=~";
880 bash_tilde_prefixes[1] = ":~";
881 bash_tilde_prefixes[2] = (char *)NULL;
883 bash_tilde_prefixes2 = strvec_create (2);
884 bash_tilde_prefixes2[0] = ":~";
885 bash_tilde_prefixes2[1] = (char *)NULL;
887 tilde_additional_prefixes = bash_tilde_prefixes;
889 bash_tilde_suffixes = strvec_create (3);
890 bash_tilde_suffixes[0] = ":";
891 bash_tilde_suffixes[1] = "=~"; /* XXX - ?? */
892 bash_tilde_suffixes[2] = (char *)NULL;
894 tilde_additional_suffixes = bash_tilde_suffixes;
896 bash_tilde_suffixes2 = strvec_create (2);
897 bash_tilde_suffixes2[0] = ":";
898 bash_tilde_suffixes2[1] = (char *)NULL;
902 /* POSIX.2, 3.6.1: A tilde-prefix consists of an unquoted tilde character
903 at the beginning of the word, followed by all of the characters preceding
904 the first unquoted slash in the word, or all the characters in the word
905 if there is no slash...If none of the characters in the tilde-prefix are
906 quoted, the characters in the tilde-prefix following the tilde shell be
907 treated as a possible login name. */
909 #define TILDE_END(c) ((c) == '\0' || (c) == '/' || (c) == ':')
912 unquoted_tilde_word (s)
917 for (r = s; TILDE_END(*r) == 0; r++)
930 /* Find the end of the tilde-prefix starting at S, and return the tilde
931 prefix in newly-allocated memory. Return the length of the string in
932 *LENP. FLAGS tells whether or not we're in an assignment context --
933 if so, `:' delimits the end of the tilde prefix as well. */
935 bash_tilde_find_word (s, flags, lenp)
943 for (r = s; *r && *r != '/'; r++)
945 /* Short-circuit immediately if we see a quote character. Even though
946 POSIX says that `the first unquoted slash' (or `:') terminates the
947 tilde-prefix, in practice, any quoted portion of the tilde prefix
948 will cause it to not be expanded. */
949 if (*r == '\\' || *r == '\'' || *r == '"')
951 ret = savestring (s);
956 else if (flags && *r == ':')
960 ret = xmalloc (l + 1);
968 /* Tilde-expand S by running it through the tilde expansion library.
969 ASSIGN_P is 1 if this is a variable assignment, so the alternate
970 tilde prefixes should be enabled (`=~' and `:~', see above). If
971 ASSIGN_P is 2, we are expanding the rhs of an assignment statement,
972 so `=~' is not valid. */
974 bash_tilde_expand (s, assign_p)
978 int old_immed, old_term, r;
981 old_immed = interrupt_immediately;
982 old_term = terminate_immediately;
983 interrupt_immediately = terminate_immediately = 1;
985 tilde_additional_prefixes = assign_p == 0 ? (char **)0
986 : (assign_p == 2 ? bash_tilde_prefixes2 : bash_tilde_prefixes);
988 tilde_additional_suffixes = bash_tilde_suffixes2;
990 r = (*s == '~') ? unquoted_tilde_word (s) : 1;
991 ret = r ? tilde_expand (s) : savestring (s);
992 interrupt_immediately = old_immed;
993 terminate_immediately = old_term;
997 /* **************************************************************** */
999 /* Functions to manipulate and search the group list */
1001 /* **************************************************************** */
1003 static int ngroups, maxgroups;
1005 /* The set of groups that this user is a member of. */
1006 static GETGROUPS_T *group_array = (GETGROUPS_T *)NULL;
1008 #if !defined (NOGROUP)
1009 # define NOGROUP (gid_t) -1
1013 initialize_group_array ()
1018 maxgroups = getmaxgroups ();
1021 group_array = (GETGROUPS_T *)xrealloc (group_array, maxgroups * sizeof (GETGROUPS_T));
1023 #if defined (HAVE_GETGROUPS)
1024 ngroups = getgroups (maxgroups, group_array);
1027 /* If getgroups returns nothing, or the OS does not support getgroups(),
1028 make sure the groups array includes at least the current gid. */
1031 group_array[0] = current_user.gid;
1035 /* If the primary group is not in the groups array, add it as group_array[0]
1036 and shuffle everything else up 1, if there's room. */
1037 for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++)
1038 if (current_user.gid == (gid_t)group_array[i])
1040 if (i == ngroups && ngroups < maxgroups)
1042 for (i = ngroups; i > 0; i--)
1043 group_array[i] = group_array[i - 1];
1044 group_array[0] = current_user.gid;
1048 /* If the primary group is not group_array[0], swap group_array[0] and
1049 whatever the current group is. The vast majority of systems should
1050 not need this; a notable exception is Linux. */
1051 if (group_array[0] != current_user.gid)
1053 for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++)
1054 if (group_array[i] == current_user.gid)
1058 group_array[i] = group_array[0];
1059 group_array[0] = current_user.gid;
1064 /* Return non-zero if GID is one that we have in our groups list. */
1066 #if defined (__STDC__) || defined ( _MINIX)
1067 group_member (gid_t gid)
1071 #endif /* !__STDC__ && !_MINIX */
1073 #if defined (HAVE_GETGROUPS)
1077 /* Short-circuit if possible, maybe saving a call to getgroups(). */
1078 if (gid == current_user.gid || gid == current_user.egid)
1081 #if defined (HAVE_GETGROUPS)
1083 initialize_group_array ();
1085 /* In case of error, the user loses. */
1089 /* Search through the list looking for GID. */
1090 for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++)
1091 if (gid == (gid_t)group_array[i])
1099 get_group_list (ngp)
1102 static char **group_vector = (char **)NULL;
1109 return group_vector;
1113 initialize_group_array ();
1119 return (char **)NULL;
1122 group_vector = strvec_create (ngroups);
1123 for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++)
1124 group_vector[i] = itos (group_array[i]);
1128 return group_vector;
1132 get_group_array (ngp)
1136 static int *group_iarray = (int *)NULL;
1142 return (group_iarray);
1146 initialize_group_array ();
1155 group_iarray = (int *)xmalloc (ngroups * sizeof (int));
1156 for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++)
1157 group_iarray[i] = (int)group_array[i];
1161 return group_iarray;