1 /* Fork a Unix child process, and set up to debug it, for GDB and GDBserver.
3 Copyright (C) 1990-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 This file is part of GDB.
7 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
10 (at your option) any later version.
12 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
20 #include "common-defs.h"
21 #include "fork-inferior.h"
22 #include "target/waitstatus.h"
23 #include "filestuff.h"
24 #include "target/target.h"
25 #include "common-inferior.h"
26 #include "common-gdbthread.h"
27 #include "signals-state-save-restore.h"
28 #include "gdb_tilde_expand.h"
31 extern char **environ;
33 /* Default shell file to be used if 'startup-with-shell' is set but
35 #define SHELL_FILE "/bin/sh"
37 /* Build the argument vector for execv(3). */
42 /* EXEC_FILE is the file to run. ALLARGS is a string containing the
43 arguments to the program. If starting with a shell, SHELL_FILE
44 is the shell to run. Otherwise, SHELL_FILE is NULL. */
45 execv_argv (const char *exec_file, const std::string &allargs,
46 const char *shell_file);
48 /* Return a pointer to the built argv, in the type expected by
49 execv. The result is (only) valid for as long as this execv_argv
50 object is live. We return a "char **" because that's the type
51 that the execv functions expect. Note that it is guaranteed that
52 the execv functions do not modify the argv[] array nor the
53 strings to which the array point. */
56 return const_cast<char **> (&m_argv[0]);
60 DISABLE_COPY_AND_ASSIGN (execv_argv);
62 /* Helper methods for constructing the argument vector. */
64 /* Used when building an argv for a straight execv call, without
65 going via the shell. */
66 void init_for_no_shell (const char *exec_file,
67 const std::string &allargs);
69 /* Used when building an argv for execing a shell that execs the
71 void init_for_shell (const char *exec_file,
72 const std::string &allargs,
73 const char *shell_file);
75 /* The argument vector built. Holds non-owning pointers. Elements
76 either point to the strings passed to the execv_argv ctor, or
78 std::vector<const char *> m_argv;
80 /* Storage. In the no-shell case, this contains a copy of the
81 arguments passed to the ctor, split by '\0'. In the shell case,
82 this contains the quoted shell command. I.e., SHELL_COMMAND in
83 {"$SHELL" "-c", SHELL_COMMAND, NULL}. */
84 std::string m_storage;
87 /* Create argument vector for straight call to execvp. Breaks up
88 ALLARGS into an argument vector suitable for passing to execvp and
89 stores it in M_ARGV. E.g., on "run a b c d" this routine would get
90 as input the string "a b c d", and as output it would fill in
91 M_ARGV with the four arguments "a", "b", "c", "d". Each argument
92 in M_ARGV points to a substring of a copy of ALLARGS stored in
96 execv_argv::init_for_no_shell (const char *exec_file,
97 const std::string &allargs)
100 /* Save/work with a copy stored in our storage. The pointers pushed
101 to M_ARGV point directly into M_STORAGE, which is modified in
102 place with the necessary NULL terminators. This avoids N heap
103 allocations and string dups when 1 is sufficient. */
104 std::string &args_copy = m_storage = allargs;
106 m_argv.push_back (exec_file);
108 for (size_t cur_pos = 0; cur_pos < args_copy.size ();)
110 /* Skip whitespace-like chars. */
111 std::size_t pos = args_copy.find_first_not_of (" \t\n", cur_pos);
113 if (pos != std::string::npos)
116 /* Find the position of the next separator. */
117 std::size_t next_sep = args_copy.find_first_of (" \t\n", cur_pos);
119 if (next_sep == std::string::npos)
121 /* No separator found, which means this is the last
123 next_sep = args_copy.size ();
127 /* Replace the separator with a terminator. */
128 args_copy[next_sep++] = '\0';
131 m_argv.push_back (&args_copy[cur_pos]);
136 /* NULL-terminate the vector. */
137 m_argv.push_back (NULL);
140 /* When executing a command under the given shell, return true if the
141 '!' character should be escaped when embedded in a quoted
142 command-line argument. */
145 escape_bang_in_quoted_argument (const char *shell_file)
147 size_t shell_file_len = strlen (shell_file);
149 /* Bang should be escaped only in C Shells. For now, simply check
150 that the shell name ends with 'csh', which covers at least csh
151 and tcsh. This should be good enough for now. */
153 if (shell_file_len < 3)
156 if (shell_file[shell_file_len - 3] == 'c'
157 && shell_file[shell_file_len - 2] == 's'
158 && shell_file[shell_file_len - 1] == 'h')
164 /* See declaration. */
166 execv_argv::execv_argv (const char *exec_file,
167 const std::string &allargs,
168 const char *shell_file)
170 if (shell_file == NULL)
171 init_for_no_shell (exec_file, allargs);
173 init_for_shell (exec_file, allargs, shell_file);
176 /* See declaration. */
179 execv_argv::init_for_shell (const char *exec_file,
180 const std::string &allargs,
181 const char *shell_file)
183 const char *exec_wrapper = get_exec_wrapper ();
185 /* We're going to call a shell. */
186 bool escape_bang = escape_bang_in_quoted_argument (shell_file);
188 /* We need to build a new shell command string, and make argv point
189 to it. So build it in the storage. */
190 std::string &shell_command = m_storage;
192 shell_command = "exec ";
194 /* Add any exec wrapper. That may be a program name with arguments,
195 so the user must handle quoting. */
196 if (exec_wrapper != NULL)
198 shell_command += exec_wrapper;
199 shell_command += ' ';
202 /* Now add exec_file, quoting as necessary. */
204 /* Quoting in this style is said to work with all shells. But csh
205 on IRIX 4.0.1 can't deal with it. So we only quote it if we need
208 const char *p = exec_file;
226 need_to_quote = true;
230 need_to_quote = false;
241 shell_command += '\'';
242 for (p = exec_file; *p != '\0'; ++p)
245 shell_command += "'\\''";
246 else if (*p == '!' && escape_bang)
247 shell_command += "\\!";
251 shell_command += '\'';
254 shell_command += exec_file;
256 shell_command += ' ' + allargs;
258 /* If we decided above to start up with a shell, we exec the shell.
259 "-c" says to interpret the next arg as a shell command to
260 execute, and this command is "exec <target-program> <args>". */
262 m_argv.push_back (shell_file);
263 m_argv.push_back ("-c");
264 m_argv.push_back (shell_command.c_str ());
265 m_argv.push_back (NULL);
268 /* Return the shell that must be used to startup the inferior. The
269 first attempt is the environment variable SHELL; if it is not set,
270 then we default to SHELL_FILE. */
275 static const char *ret;
277 ret = getenv ("SHELL");
284 /* See nat/fork-inferior.h. */
287 fork_inferior (const char *exec_file_arg, const std::string &allargs,
288 char **env, void (*traceme_fun) (),
289 void (*init_trace_fun) (int), void (*pre_trace_fun) (),
290 const char *shell_file_arg,
291 void (*exec_fun)(const char *file, char * const *argv,
295 /* Set debug_fork then attach to the child while it sleeps, to debug. */
297 const char *shell_file;
298 const char *exec_file;
302 const char *inferior_cwd;
303 std::string expanded_inferior_cwd;
305 /* If no exec file handed to us, get it from the exec-file command
306 -- with a good, common error message if none is specified. */
307 if (exec_file_arg == NULL)
308 exec_file = get_exec_file (1);
310 exec_file = exec_file_arg;
312 /* 'startup_with_shell' is declared in inferior.h and bound to the
313 "set startup-with-shell" option. If 0, we'll just do a
314 fork/exec, no shell, so don't bother figuring out what shell. */
315 if (startup_with_shell)
317 shell_file = shell_file_arg;
319 /* Figure out what shell to start up the user program under. */
320 if (shell_file == NULL)
321 shell_file = get_startup_shell ();
323 gdb_assert (shell_file != NULL);
328 /* Build the argument vector. */
329 execv_argv child_argv (exec_file, allargs, shell_file);
331 /* Retain a copy of our environment variables, since the child will
332 replace the value of environ and if we're vforked, we have to
334 save_our_env = environ;
336 /* Perform any necessary actions regarding to TTY before the
338 prefork_hook (allargs.c_str ());
340 /* It is generally good practice to flush any possible pending stdio
341 output prior to doing a fork, to avoid the possibility of both
342 the parent and child flushing the same data after the fork. */
343 gdb_flush_out_err ();
345 /* Check if the user wants to set a different working directory for
347 inferior_cwd = get_inferior_cwd ();
349 if (inferior_cwd != NULL)
351 /* Expand before forking because between fork and exec, the child
352 process may only execute async-signal-safe operations. */
353 expanded_inferior_cwd = gdb_tilde_expand (inferior_cwd);
354 inferior_cwd = expanded_inferior_cwd.c_str ();
357 /* If there's any initialization of the target layers that must
358 happen to prepare to handle the child we're about fork, do it
360 if (pre_trace_fun != NULL)
363 /* Create the child process. Since the child process is going to
364 exec(3) shortly afterwards, try to reduce the overhead by
365 calling vfork(2). However, if PRE_TRACE_FUN is non-null, it's
366 likely that this optimization won't work since there's too much
367 work to do between the vfork(2) and the exec(3). This is known
368 to be the case on ttrace(2)-based HP-UX, where some handshaking
369 between parent and child needs to happen between fork(2) and
370 exec(2). However, since the parent is suspended in the vforked
371 state, this doesn't work. Also note that the vfork(2) call might
372 actually be a call to fork(2) due to the fact that autoconf will
373 ``#define vfork fork'' on certain platforms. */
374 #if !(defined(__UCLIBC__) && defined(HAS_NOMMU))
375 if (pre_trace_fun || debug_fork)
382 perror_with_name (("vfork"));
386 /* Close all file descriptors except those that gdb inherited
387 (usually 0/1/2), so they don't leak to the inferior. Note
388 that this closes the file descriptors of all secondary
392 /* Change to the requested working directory if the user
394 if (inferior_cwd != NULL)
396 if (chdir (inferior_cwd) < 0)
397 trace_start_error_with_name (inferior_cwd);
403 /* Execute any necessary post-fork actions before we exec. */
404 postfork_child_hook ();
406 /* Changing the signal handlers for the inferior after
407 a vfork can also change them for the superior, so we don't mess
408 with signals here. See comments in
409 initialize_signals for how we get the right signal handlers
412 /* "Trace me, Dr. Memory!" */
415 /* The call above set this process (the "child") as debuggable
416 by the original gdb process (the "parent"). Since processes
417 (unlike people) can have only one parent, if you are debugging
418 gdb itself (and your debugger is thus _already_ the
419 controller/parent for this child), code from here on out is
420 undebuggable. Indeed, you probably got an error message
421 saying "not parent". Sorry; you'll have to use print
424 restore_original_signals_state ();
426 /* There is no execlpe call, so we have to set the environment
427 for our child in the global variable. If we've vforked, this
428 clobbers the parent, but environ is restored a few lines down
429 in the parent. By the way, yes we do need to look down the
430 path to find $SHELL. Rich Pixley says so, and I agree. */
433 char **argv = child_argv.argv ();
435 if (exec_fun != NULL)
436 (*exec_fun) (argv[0], &argv[0], env);
438 execvp (argv[0], &argv[0]);
440 /* If we get here, it's an error. */
442 warning ("Cannot exec %s", argv[0]);
444 for (i = 1; argv[i] != NULL; i++)
445 warning (" %s", argv[i]);
447 warning ("Error: %s\n", safe_strerror (save_errno));
452 /* Restore our environment in case a vforked child clob'd it. */
453 environ = save_our_env;
457 /* Now that we have a child process, make it our target, and
458 initialize anything target-vector-specific that needs
461 (*init_trace_fun) (pid);
463 /* We are now in the child process of interest, having exec'd the
464 correct program, and are poised at the first instruction of the
469 /* See nat/fork-inferior.h. */
472 startup_inferior (pid_t pid, int ntraps,
473 struct target_waitstatus *last_waitstatus,
476 int pending_execs = ntraps;
477 int terminal_initted = 0;
480 if (startup_with_shell)
482 /* One trap extra for exec'ing the shell. */
486 if (target_supports_multi_process ())
487 resume_ptid = pid_to_ptid (pid);
489 resume_ptid = minus_one_ptid;
491 /* The process was started by the fork that created it, but it will
492 have stopped one instruction after execing the shell. Here we
493 must get it up to actual execution of the real program. */
494 if (get_exec_wrapper () != NULL)
499 enum gdb_signal resume_signal = GDB_SIGNAL_0;
502 struct target_waitstatus ws;
503 memset (&ws, 0, sizeof (ws));
504 event_ptid = target_wait (resume_ptid, &ws, 0);
506 if (last_waitstatus != NULL)
507 *last_waitstatus = ws;
508 if (last_ptid != NULL)
509 *last_ptid = event_ptid;
511 if (ws.kind == TARGET_WAITKIND_IGNORE)
512 /* The inferior didn't really stop, keep waiting. */
517 case TARGET_WAITKIND_SPURIOUS:
518 case TARGET_WAITKIND_LOADED:
519 case TARGET_WAITKIND_FORKED:
520 case TARGET_WAITKIND_VFORKED:
521 case TARGET_WAITKIND_SYSCALL_ENTRY:
522 case TARGET_WAITKIND_SYSCALL_RETURN:
523 /* Ignore gracefully during startup of the inferior. */
524 switch_to_thread (event_ptid);
527 case TARGET_WAITKIND_SIGNALLED:
528 target_terminal::ours ();
529 target_mourn_inferior (event_ptid);
530 error (_("During startup program terminated with signal %s, %s."),
531 gdb_signal_to_name (ws.value.sig),
532 gdb_signal_to_string (ws.value.sig));
535 case TARGET_WAITKIND_EXITED:
536 target_terminal::ours ();
537 target_mourn_inferior (event_ptid);
538 if (ws.value.integer)
539 error (_("During startup program exited with code %d."),
542 error (_("During startup program exited normally."));
545 case TARGET_WAITKIND_EXECD:
546 /* Handle EXEC signals as if they were SIGTRAP signals. */
547 xfree (ws.value.execd_pathname);
548 resume_signal = GDB_SIGNAL_TRAP;
549 switch_to_thread (event_ptid);
552 case TARGET_WAITKIND_STOPPED:
553 resume_signal = ws.value.sig;
554 switch_to_thread (event_ptid);
558 if (resume_signal != GDB_SIGNAL_TRAP)
560 /* Let shell child handle its own signals in its own way. */
561 target_continue (resume_ptid, resume_signal);
565 /* We handle SIGTRAP, however; it means child did an exec. */
566 if (!terminal_initted)
568 /* Now that the child has exec'd we know it has already
569 set its process group. On POSIX systems, tcsetpgrp
570 will fail with EPERM if we try it before the child's
573 /* Set up the "saved terminal modes" of the inferior
574 based on what modes we are starting it with. */
575 target_terminal::init ();
577 /* Install inferior's terminal modes. */
578 target_terminal::inferior ();
580 terminal_initted = 1;
583 if (--pending_execs == 0)
586 /* Just make it go on. */
587 target_continue_no_signal (resume_ptid);
594 /* See nat/fork-inferior.h. */
597 trace_start_error (const char *fmt, ...)
602 warning ("Could not trace the inferior process.\nError: ");
606 gdb_flush_out_err ();
610 /* See nat/fork-inferior.h. */
613 trace_start_error_with_name (const char *string)
615 trace_start_error ("%s: %s", string, safe_strerror (errno));