1 /* Implement a cached obstack.
2 Written by Fred Fish <fnf@cygnus.com>
3 Rewritten by Jim Blandy <jimb@cygnus.com>
5 Copyright (C) 1999, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010
6 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
8 This file is part of GDB.
10 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
12 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
13 (at your option) any later version.
15 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
16 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
18 GNU General Public License for more details.
20 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
21 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
24 #include "gdb_obstack.h"
26 #include "gdb_string.h" /* For memcpy declaration */
27 #include "gdb_assert.h"
32 /* The type used to hold a single bcache string. The user data is
33 stored in d.data. Since it can be any type, it needs to have the
34 same alignment as the most strict alignment of any type on the host
35 machine. I don't know of any really correct way to do this in
36 stock ANSI C, so just do it the same way obstack.h does. */
42 /* Assume the data length is no more than 64k. */
43 unsigned short length;
44 /* The half hash hack. This contains the upper 16 bits of the hash
45 value and is used as a pre-check when comparing two strings and
46 avoids the need to do length or memcmp calls. It proves to be
47 roughly 100% effective. */
48 unsigned short half_hash;
59 /* The structure for a bcache itself. The bcache is initialized, in
60 bcache_xmalloc(), by filling it with zeros and then setting the
61 corresponding obstack's malloc() and free() methods. */
65 /* All the bstrings are allocated here. */
68 /* How many hash buckets we're using. */
69 unsigned int num_buckets;
71 /* Hash buckets. This table is allocated using malloc, so when we
72 grow the table we can return the old table to the system. */
73 struct bstring **bucket;
76 unsigned long unique_count; /* number of unique strings */
77 long total_count; /* total number of strings cached, including dups */
78 long unique_size; /* size of unique strings, in bytes */
79 long total_size; /* total number of bytes cached, including dups */
80 long structure_size; /* total size of bcache, including infrastructure */
81 /* Number of times that the hash table is expanded and hence
82 re-built, and the corresponding number of times that a string is
83 [re]hashed as part of entering it into the expanded table. The
84 total number of hashes can be computed by adding TOTAL_COUNT to
86 unsigned long expand_count;
87 unsigned long expand_hash_count;
88 /* Number of times that the half-hash compare hit (compare the upper
89 16 bits of hash values) hit, but the corresponding combined
90 length/data compare missed. */
91 unsigned long half_hash_miss_count;
93 /* Hash function to be used for this bcache object. */
94 unsigned long (*hash_function)(const void *addr, int length);
96 /* Compare function to be used for this bcache object. */
97 int (*compare_function)(const void *, const void *, int length);
100 /* The old hash function was stolen from SDBM. This is what DB 3.0 uses now,
101 * and is better than the old one.
105 hash(const void *addr, int length)
107 return hash_continue (addr, length, 0);
110 /* Continue the calculation of the hash H at the given address. */
113 hash_continue (const void *addr, int length, unsigned long h)
115 const unsigned char *k, *e;
117 k = (const unsigned char *)addr;
127 /* Growing the bcache's hash table. */
129 /* If the average chain length grows beyond this, then we want to
130 resize our hash table. */
131 #define CHAIN_LENGTH_THRESHOLD (5)
134 expand_hash_table (struct bcache *bcache)
136 /* A table of good hash table sizes. Whenever we grow, we pick the
137 next larger size from this table. sizes[i] is close to 1 << (i+10),
138 so we roughly double the table size each time. After we fall off
139 the end of this table, we just double. Don't laugh --- there have
140 been executables sighted with a gigabyte of debug info. */
141 static unsigned long sizes[] = {
142 1021, 2053, 4099, 8191, 16381, 32771,
143 65537, 131071, 262144, 524287, 1048573, 2097143,
144 4194301, 8388617, 16777213, 33554467, 67108859, 134217757,
145 268435459, 536870923, 1073741827, 2147483659UL
147 unsigned int new_num_buckets;
148 struct bstring **new_buckets;
151 /* Count the stats. Every unique item needs to be re-hashed and
153 bcache->expand_count++;
154 bcache->expand_hash_count += bcache->unique_count;
156 /* Find the next size. */
157 new_num_buckets = bcache->num_buckets * 2;
158 for (i = 0; i < (sizeof (sizes) / sizeof (sizes[0])); i++)
159 if (sizes[i] > bcache->num_buckets)
161 new_num_buckets = sizes[i];
165 /* Allocate the new table. */
167 size_t new_size = new_num_buckets * sizeof (new_buckets[0]);
169 new_buckets = (struct bstring **) xmalloc (new_size);
170 memset (new_buckets, 0, new_size);
172 bcache->structure_size -= (bcache->num_buckets
173 * sizeof (bcache->bucket[0]));
174 bcache->structure_size += new_size;
177 /* Rehash all existing strings. */
178 for (i = 0; i < bcache->num_buckets; i++)
180 struct bstring *s, *next;
182 for (s = bcache->bucket[i]; s; s = next)
184 struct bstring **new_bucket;
187 new_bucket = &new_buckets[(bcache->hash_function (&s->d.data,
190 s->next = *new_bucket;
195 /* Plug in the new table. */
197 xfree (bcache->bucket);
198 bcache->bucket = new_buckets;
199 bcache->num_buckets = new_num_buckets;
203 /* Looking up things in the bcache. */
205 /* The number of bytes needed to allocate a struct bstring whose data
207 #define BSTRING_SIZE(n) (offsetof (struct bstring, d.data) + (n))
209 /* Find a copy of the LENGTH bytes at ADDR in BCACHE. If BCACHE has
210 never seen those bytes before, add a copy of them to BCACHE. In
211 either case, return a pointer to BCACHE's copy of that string. */
213 bcache (const void *addr, int length, struct bcache *bcache)
215 return bcache_full (addr, length, bcache, NULL);
218 /* Find a copy of the LENGTH bytes at ADDR in BCACHE. If BCACHE has
219 never seen those bytes before, add a copy of them to BCACHE. In
220 either case, return a pointer to BCACHE's copy of that string. If
221 optional ADDED is not NULL, return 1 in case of new entry or 0 if
222 returning an old entry. */
225 bcache_full (const void *addr, int length, struct bcache *bcache, int *added)
227 unsigned long full_hash;
228 unsigned short half_hash;
235 /* Lazily initialize the obstack. This can save quite a bit of
236 memory in some cases. */
237 if (bcache->total_count == 0)
239 /* We could use obstack_specify_allocation here instead, but
240 gdb_obstack.h specifies the allocation/deallocation
242 obstack_init (&bcache->cache);
245 /* If our average chain length is too high, expand the hash table. */
246 if (bcache->unique_count >= bcache->num_buckets * CHAIN_LENGTH_THRESHOLD)
247 expand_hash_table (bcache);
249 bcache->total_count++;
250 bcache->total_size += length;
252 full_hash = bcache->hash_function (addr, length);
254 half_hash = (full_hash >> 16);
255 hash_index = full_hash % bcache->num_buckets;
257 /* Search the hash bucket for a string identical to the caller's.
258 As a short-circuit first compare the upper part of each hash
260 for (s = bcache->bucket[hash_index]; s; s = s->next)
262 if (s->half_hash == half_hash)
264 if (s->length == length
265 && bcache->compare_function (&s->d.data, addr, length))
268 bcache->half_hash_miss_count++;
272 /* The user's string isn't in the list. Insert it after *ps. */
275 = obstack_alloc (&bcache->cache, BSTRING_SIZE (length));
277 memcpy (&new->d.data, addr, length);
278 new->length = length;
279 new->next = bcache->bucket[hash_index];
280 new->half_hash = half_hash;
281 bcache->bucket[hash_index] = new;
283 bcache->unique_count++;
284 bcache->unique_size += length;
285 bcache->structure_size += BSTRING_SIZE (length);
295 /* Compare the byte string at ADDR1 of lenght LENGHT to the
296 string at ADDR2. Return 1 if they are equal. */
299 bcache_compare (const void *addr1, const void *addr2, int length)
301 return memcmp (addr1, addr2, length) == 0;
304 /* Allocating and freeing bcaches. */
306 /* Allocated a bcache. HASH_FUNCTION and COMPARE_FUNCTION can be used
307 to pass in custom hash, and compare functions to be used by this
308 bcache. If HASH_FUNCTION is NULL hash() is used and if COMPARE_FUNCTION
309 is NULL memcmp() is used. */
312 bcache_xmalloc (unsigned long (*hash_function)(const void *, int length),
313 int (*compare_function)(const void *, const void *, int length))
315 /* Allocate the bcache pre-zeroed. */
316 struct bcache *b = XCALLOC (1, struct bcache);
319 b->hash_function = hash_function;
321 b->hash_function = hash;
323 if (compare_function)
324 b->compare_function = compare_function;
326 b->compare_function = bcache_compare;
330 /* Free all the storage associated with BCACHE. */
332 bcache_xfree (struct bcache *bcache)
336 /* Only free the obstack if we actually initialized it. */
337 if (bcache->total_count > 0)
338 obstack_free (&bcache->cache, 0);
339 xfree (bcache->bucket);
345 /* Printing statistics. */
348 print_percentage (int portion, int total)
351 /* i18n: Like "Percentage of duplicates, by count: (not applicable)" */
352 printf_filtered (_("(not applicable)\n"));
354 printf_filtered ("%3d%%\n", (int) (portion * 100.0 / total));
358 /* Print statistics on BCACHE's memory usage and efficacity at
359 eliminating duplication. NAME should describe the kind of data
360 BCACHE holds. Statistics are printed using `printf_filtered' and
363 print_bcache_statistics (struct bcache *c, char *type)
365 int occupied_buckets;
366 int max_chain_length;
367 int median_chain_length;
369 int median_entry_size;
371 /* Count the number of occupied buckets, tally the various string
372 lengths, and measure chain lengths. */
375 int *chain_length = XCALLOC (c->num_buckets + 1, int);
376 int *entry_size = XCALLOC (c->unique_count + 1, int);
379 occupied_buckets = 0;
381 for (b = 0; b < c->num_buckets; b++)
383 struct bstring *s = c->bucket[b];
393 gdb_assert (b < c->num_buckets);
395 gdb_assert (stringi < c->unique_count);
396 entry_size[stringi++] = s->length;
402 /* To compute the median, we need the set of chain lengths sorted. */
403 qsort (chain_length, c->num_buckets, sizeof (chain_length[0]),
404 compare_positive_ints);
405 qsort (entry_size, c->unique_count, sizeof (entry_size[0]),
406 compare_positive_ints);
408 if (c->num_buckets > 0)
410 max_chain_length = chain_length[c->num_buckets - 1];
411 median_chain_length = chain_length[c->num_buckets / 2];
415 max_chain_length = 0;
416 median_chain_length = 0;
418 if (c->unique_count > 0)
420 max_entry_size = entry_size[c->unique_count - 1];
421 median_entry_size = entry_size[c->unique_count / 2];
426 median_entry_size = 0;
429 xfree (chain_length);
433 printf_filtered (_(" Cached '%s' statistics:\n"), type);
434 printf_filtered (_(" Total object count: %ld\n"), c->total_count);
435 printf_filtered (_(" Unique object count: %lu\n"), c->unique_count);
436 printf_filtered (_(" Percentage of duplicates, by count: "));
437 print_percentage (c->total_count - c->unique_count, c->total_count);
438 printf_filtered ("\n");
440 printf_filtered (_(" Total object size: %ld\n"), c->total_size);
441 printf_filtered (_(" Unique object size: %ld\n"), c->unique_size);
442 printf_filtered (_(" Percentage of duplicates, by size: "));
443 print_percentage (c->total_size - c->unique_size, c->total_size);
444 printf_filtered ("\n");
446 printf_filtered (_(" Max entry size: %d\n"), max_entry_size);
447 printf_filtered (_(" Average entry size: "));
448 if (c->unique_count > 0)
449 printf_filtered ("%ld\n", c->unique_size / c->unique_count);
451 /* i18n: "Average entry size: (not applicable)" */
452 printf_filtered (_("(not applicable)\n"));
453 printf_filtered (_(" Median entry size: %d\n"), median_entry_size);
454 printf_filtered ("\n");
456 printf_filtered (_(" Total memory used by bcache, including overhead: %ld\n"),
458 printf_filtered (_(" Percentage memory overhead: "));
459 print_percentage (c->structure_size - c->unique_size, c->unique_size);
460 printf_filtered (_(" Net memory savings: "));
461 print_percentage (c->total_size - c->structure_size, c->total_size);
462 printf_filtered ("\n");
464 printf_filtered (_(" Hash table size: %3d\n"), c->num_buckets);
465 printf_filtered (_(" Hash table expands: %lu\n"),
467 printf_filtered (_(" Hash table hashes: %lu\n"),
468 c->total_count + c->expand_hash_count);
469 printf_filtered (_(" Half hash misses: %lu\n"),
470 c->half_hash_miss_count);
471 printf_filtered (_(" Hash table population: "));
472 print_percentage (occupied_buckets, c->num_buckets);
473 printf_filtered (_(" Median hash chain length: %3d\n"),
474 median_chain_length);
475 printf_filtered (_(" Average hash chain length: "));
476 if (c->num_buckets > 0)
477 printf_filtered ("%3lu\n", c->unique_count / c->num_buckets);
479 /* i18n: "Average hash chain length: (not applicable)" */
480 printf_filtered (_("(not applicable)\n"));
481 printf_filtered (_(" Maximum hash chain length: %3d\n"), max_chain_length);
482 printf_filtered ("\n");
486 bcache_memory_used (struct bcache *bcache)
488 if (bcache->total_count == 0)
490 return obstack_memory_used (&bcache->cache);