1 /* SparseSet implementation.
2 Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 Contributed by Peter Bergner <bergner@vnet.ibm.com>
5 This file is part of GCC.
7 GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
8 the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
9 Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later
12 GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
13 WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
14 FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with GCC; see the file COPYING3. If not see
19 <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
21 #ifndef GCC_SPARSESET_H
22 #define GCC_SPARSESET_H
24 /* Implementation of the Briggs and Torczon sparse set representation.
25 The sparse set representation was first published in:
27 "An Efficient Representation for Sparse Sets",
28 ACM LOPLAS, Vol. 2, Nos. 1-4, March-December 1993, Pages 59-69.
30 The sparse set representation is suitable for integer sets with a
31 fixed-size universe. Two vectors are used to store the members of
32 the set. If an element I is in the set, then sparse[I] is the
33 index of I in the dense vector, and dense[sparse[I]] == I. The dense
34 vector works like a stack. The size of the stack is the cardinality
37 The following operations can be performed in O(1) time:
39 * clear : sparseset_clear
40 * cardinality : sparseset_cardinality
41 * set_size : sparseset_size
42 * member_p : sparseset_bit_p
43 * add_member : sparseset_set_bit
44 * remove_member : sparseset_clear_bit
45 * choose_one : sparseset_pop
47 Additionally, the sparse set representation supports enumeration of
48 the members in O(N) time, where n is the number of members in the set.
49 The members of the set are stored cache-friendly in the dense vector.
50 This makes it a competitive choice for iterating over relatively sparse
51 sets requiring operations:
53 * forall : EXECUTE_IF_SET_IN_SPARSESET
54 * set_copy : sparseset_copy
55 * set_intersection : sparseset_and
56 * set_union : sparseset_ior
57 * set_difference : sparseset_and_compl
58 * set_disjuction : (not implemented)
59 * set_compare : sparseset_equal_p
61 NB: It is OK to use remove_member during EXECUTE_IF_SET_IN_SPARSESET.
62 The iterator is updated for it.
64 Based on the efficiency of these operations, this representation of
65 sparse sets will often be superior to alternatives such as simple
66 bitmaps, linked-list bitmaps, array bitmaps, balanced binary trees,
67 hash tables, linked lists, etc., if the set is sufficiently sparse.
68 In the LOPLAS paper the cut-off point where sparse sets became faster
69 than simple bitmaps (see sbitmap.h) when N / U < 64 (where U is the
70 size of the universe of the set).
72 Because the set universe is fixed, the set cannot be resized. For
73 sparse sets with initially unknown size, linked-list bitmaps are a
74 better choice, see bitmap.h.
76 Sparse sets storage requirements are relatively large: O(U) with a
77 larger constant than sbitmaps (if the storage requirement for an
78 sbitmap with universe U is S, then the storage required for a sparse
79 set for the same universe are 2*HOST_BITS_PER_WIDEST_FAST_INT * S).
80 Accessing the sparse vector is not very cache-friendly, but iterating
81 over the members in the set is cache-friendly because only the dense
84 /* Data Structure used for the SparseSet representation. */
86 #define SPARSESET_ELT_BITS ((unsigned) HOST_BITS_PER_WIDEST_FAST_INT)
87 #define SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE unsigned HOST_WIDEST_FAST_INT
89 typedef struct sparseset_def
91 SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE *dense; /* Dense array. */
92 SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE *sparse; /* Sparse array. */
93 SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE members; /* Number of elements. */
94 SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE size; /* Maximum number of elements. */
95 SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE iter; /* Iterator index. */
96 unsigned char iter_inc; /* Iteration increment amount. */
98 SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE elms[2]; /* Combined dense and sparse arrays. */
101 #define sparseset_free(MAP) free(MAP)
102 extern sparseset sparseset_alloc (SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE n_elms);
103 extern void sparseset_clear_bit (sparseset, SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE);
104 extern void sparseset_copy (sparseset, sparseset);
105 extern void sparseset_and (sparseset, sparseset, sparseset);
106 extern void sparseset_and_compl (sparseset, sparseset, sparseset);
107 extern void sparseset_ior (sparseset, sparseset, sparseset);
108 extern bool sparseset_equal_p (sparseset, sparseset);
111 Clear the set of all elements. */
114 sparseset_clear (sparseset s)
117 s->iterating = false;
120 /* Return the number of elements currently in the set. */
122 static inline SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE
123 sparseset_cardinality (sparseset s)
128 /* Return the maximum number of elements this set can hold. */
130 static inline SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE
131 sparseset_size (sparseset s)
136 /* Return true if e is a member of the set S, otherwise return false. */
139 sparseset_bit_p (sparseset s, SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE e)
141 SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE idx;
143 gcc_assert (e < s->size);
147 return idx < s->members && s->dense[idx] == e;
150 /* Low level insertion routine not meant for use outside of sparseset.[ch].
151 Assumes E is valid and not already a member of the set S. */
154 sparseset_insert_bit (sparseset s, SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE e, SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE idx)
160 /* Operation: S = S + {e}
161 Insert E into the set S, if it isn't already a member. */
164 sparseset_set_bit (sparseset s, SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE e)
166 if (!sparseset_bit_p (s, e))
167 sparseset_insert_bit (s, e, s->members++);
170 /* Return and remove the last member added to the set S. */
172 static inline SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE
173 sparseset_pop (sparseset s)
175 SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE mem = s->members;
177 gcc_assert (mem != 0);
179 s->members = mem - 1;
180 return s->dense[mem];
184 sparseset_iter_init (sparseset s)
192 sparseset_iter_p (sparseset s)
194 if (s->iterating && s->iter < s->members)
197 return s->iterating = false;
200 static inline SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE
201 sparseset_iter_elm (sparseset s)
203 return s->dense[s->iter];
207 sparseset_iter_next (sparseset s)
209 s->iter += s->iter_inc;
213 #define EXECUTE_IF_SET_IN_SPARSESET(SPARSESET, ITER) \
214 for (sparseset_iter_init (SPARSESET); \
215 sparseset_iter_p (SPARSESET) \
216 && (((ITER) = sparseset_iter_elm (SPARSESET)) || 1); \
217 sparseset_iter_next (SPARSESET))
219 #endif /* GCC_SPARSESET_H */