1 /* write.c - emit .o file
2 Copyright (C) 1986, 87, 90, 91, 92, 93, 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
6 GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
11 GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 GNU General Public License for more details.
16 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 along with GAS; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
18 the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */
20 /* This thing should be set up to do byteordering correctly. But... */
25 #include "output-file.h"
27 /* This looks like a good idea. Let's try turning it on always, for now. */
28 #undef BFD_FAST_SECTION_FILL
29 #define BFD_FAST_SECTION_FILL
31 /* The NOP_OPCODE is for the alignment fill value. Fill it with a nop
32 instruction so that the disassembler does not choke on it. */
34 #define NOP_OPCODE 0x00
37 #ifndef TC_ADJUST_RELOC_COUNT
38 #define TC_ADJUST_RELOC_COUNT(FIXP,COUNT)
41 #ifndef TC_FORCE_RELOCATION
42 #define TC_FORCE_RELOCATION(FIXP) 0
45 #ifndef WORKING_DOT_WORD
46 extern CONST int md_short_jump_size;
47 extern CONST int md_long_jump_size;
50 int symbol_table_frozen;
51 void print_fixup PARAMS ((fixS *));
54 static void renumber_sections PARAMS ((bfd *, asection *, PTR));
56 /* We generally attach relocs to frag chains. However, after we have
57 chained these all together into a segment, any relocs we add after
58 that must be attached to a segment. This will include relocs added
59 in md_estimate_size_for_relax, for example. */
60 static int frags_chained = 0;
66 struct frag *text_frag_root;
67 struct frag *data_frag_root;
68 struct frag *bss_frag_root;
70 struct frag *text_last_frag; /* Last frag in segment. */
71 struct frag *data_last_frag; /* Last frag in segment. */
72 static struct frag *bss_last_frag; /* Last frag in segment. */
76 static object_headers headers;
77 static char *the_object_file;
80 long string_byte_count;
81 char *next_object_file_charP; /* Tracks object file bytes. */
84 int magic_number_for_object_file = DEFAULT_MAGIC_NUMBER_FOR_OBJECT_FILE;
87 #endif /* BFD_ASSEMBLER */
90 static fixS *fix_new_internal PARAMS ((fragS *, int where, int size,
91 symbolS *add, symbolS *sub,
92 offsetT offset, int pcrel,
93 bfd_reloc_code_real_type r_type));
95 static fixS *fix_new_internal PARAMS ((fragS *, int where, int size,
96 symbolS *add, symbolS *sub,
97 offsetT offset, int pcrel,
100 #if defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) || !defined (BFD)
101 static long fixup_segment PARAMS ((fixS * fixP, segT this_segment_type));
103 static relax_addressT relax_align PARAMS ((relax_addressT addr, int align));
108 * Create a fixS in obstack 'notes'.
111 fix_new_internal (frag, where, size, add_symbol, sub_symbol, offset, pcrel,
113 fragS *frag; /* Which frag? */
114 int where; /* Where in that frag? */
115 int size; /* 1, 2, or 4 usually. */
116 symbolS *add_symbol; /* X_add_symbol. */
117 symbolS *sub_symbol; /* X_op_symbol. */
118 offsetT offset; /* X_add_number. */
119 int pcrel; /* TRUE if PC-relative relocation. */
121 bfd_reloc_code_real_type r_type; /* Relocation type */
123 int r_type; /* Relocation type */
128 fixP = (fixS *) obstack_alloc (¬es, sizeof (fixS));
130 fixP->fx_frag = frag;
131 fixP->fx_where = where;
132 fixP->fx_size = size;
133 fixP->fx_addsy = add_symbol;
134 fixP->fx_subsy = sub_symbol;
135 fixP->fx_offset = offset;
136 fixP->fx_pcrel = pcrel;
138 #if defined(NEED_FX_R_TYPE) || defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER)
139 fixP->fx_r_type = r_type;
141 fixP->fx_im_disp = 0;
142 fixP->fx_pcrel_adjust = 0;
143 fixP->fx_bit_fixP = 0;
144 fixP->fx_addnumber = 0;
145 fixP->tc_fix_data = NULL;
149 #if defined (TC_I960) || defined (TC_NS32K)
153 as_where (&fixP->fx_file, &fixP->fx_line);
155 /* Usually, we want relocs sorted numerically, but while
156 comparing to older versions of gas that have relocs
157 reverse sorted, it is convenient to have this compile
158 time option. xoxorich. */
163 fixS **seg_fix_rootP = (frags_chained
164 ? &seg_info (now_seg)->fix_root
165 : &frchain_now->fix_root);
166 fixS **seg_fix_tailP = (frags_chained
167 ? &seg_info (now_seg)->fix_tail
168 : &frchain_now->fix_tail);
171 #ifdef REVERSE_SORT_RELOCS
173 fixP->fx_next = *seg_fix_rootP;
174 *seg_fix_rootP = fixP;
176 #else /* REVERSE_SORT_RELOCS */
178 fixP->fx_next = NULL;
181 (*seg_fix_tailP)->fx_next = fixP;
183 *seg_fix_rootP = fixP;
184 *seg_fix_tailP = fixP;
186 #endif /* REVERSE_SORT_RELOCS */
193 /* Create a fixup relative to a symbol (plus a constant). */
196 fix_new (frag, where, size, add_symbol, offset, pcrel, r_type)
197 fragS *frag; /* Which frag? */
198 int where; /* Where in that frag? */
199 short int size; /* 1, 2, or 4 usually. */
200 symbolS *add_symbol; /* X_add_symbol. */
201 offsetT offset; /* X_add_number. */
202 int pcrel; /* TRUE if PC-relative relocation. */
204 bfd_reloc_code_real_type r_type; /* Relocation type */
206 int r_type; /* Relocation type */
209 return fix_new_internal (frag, where, size, add_symbol,
210 (symbolS *) NULL, offset, pcrel, r_type);
213 /* Create a fixup for an expression. Currently we only support fixups
214 for difference expressions. That is itself more than most object
215 file formats support anyhow. */
218 fix_new_exp (frag, where, size, exp, pcrel, r_type)
219 fragS *frag; /* Which frag? */
220 int where; /* Where in that frag? */
221 short int size; /* 1, 2, or 4 usually. */
222 expressionS *exp; /* Expression. */
223 int pcrel; /* TRUE if PC-relative relocation. */
225 bfd_reloc_code_real_type r_type; /* Relocation type */
227 int r_type; /* Relocation type */
240 /* This comes up when _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_+(.-L0) is read, if
241 the difference expression cannot immediately be reduced. */
243 extern symbolS *make_expr_symbol ();
244 symbolS *stmp = make_expr_symbol (exp);
245 exp->X_op = O_symbol;
246 exp->X_op_symbol = 0;
247 exp->X_add_symbol = stmp;
248 exp->X_add_number = 0;
249 return fix_new_exp (frag, where, size, exp, pcrel, r_type);
253 sub = exp->X_add_symbol;
254 off = exp->X_add_number;
258 sub = exp->X_op_symbol;
261 add = exp->X_add_symbol;
264 off = exp->X_add_number;
268 as_bad ("expression too complex for fixup");
271 return fix_new_internal (frag, where, size, add, sub, off,
275 /* Append a string onto another string, bumping the pointer along. */
277 append (charPP, fromP, length)
280 unsigned long length;
282 /* Don't trust memcpy() of 0 chars. */
286 memcpy (*charPP, fromP, length);
290 #ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
291 int section_alignment[SEG_MAXIMUM_ORDINAL];
295 * This routine records the largest alignment seen for each segment.
296 * If the beginning of the segment is aligned on the worst-case
297 * boundary, all of the other alignments within it will work. At
298 * least one object format really uses this info.
301 record_alignment (seg, align)
302 /* Segment to which alignment pertains */
304 /* Alignment, as a power of 2 (e.g., 1 => 2-byte boundary, 2 => 4-byte
309 if (align > bfd_get_section_alignment (stdoutput, seg))
310 bfd_set_section_alignment (stdoutput, seg, align);
312 if (align > section_alignment[(int) seg])
313 section_alignment[(int) seg] = align;
319 /* Reset the section indices after removing the gas created sections. */
322 renumber_sections (abfd, sec, countparg)
327 int *countp = (int *) countparg;
329 sec->index = *countp;
333 #endif /* defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) */
335 #if defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) || ! defined (BFD)
338 chain_frchains_together_1 (section, frchp)
340 struct frchain *frchp;
342 fragS dummy, *prev_frag = &dummy;
345 fixS *prev_fix = &fix_dummy;
348 for (; frchp && frchp->frch_seg == section; frchp = frchp->frch_next)
350 prev_frag->fr_next = frchp->frch_root;
351 prev_frag = frchp->frch_last;
353 if (frchp->fix_root != (fixS *) NULL)
355 if (seg_info (section)->fix_root == (fixS *) NULL)
356 seg_info (section)->fix_root = frchp->fix_root;
357 prev_fix->fx_next = frchp->fix_root;
358 seg_info (section)->fix_tail = frchp->fix_tail;
359 prev_fix = frchp->fix_tail;
363 prev_frag->fr_next = 0;
372 chain_frchains_together (abfd, section, xxx)
373 bfd *abfd; /* unused */
375 PTR xxx; /* unused */
377 segment_info_type *info;
379 /* BFD may have introduced its own sections without using
380 subseg_new, so it is possible that seg_info is NULL. */
381 info = seg_info (section);
382 if (info != (segment_info_type *) NULL)
383 info->frchainP->frch_last
384 = chain_frchains_together_1 (section, info->frchainP);
386 /* Now that we've chained the frags together, we must add new fixups
387 to the segment, not to the frag chain. */
393 #if !defined (BFD) && !defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER)
396 remove_subsegs (head, seg, root, last)
402 *root = head->frch_root;
403 *last = chain_frchains_together_1 (seg, head);
408 #if defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) || !defined (BFD)
412 cvt_frag_to_fill (sec, fragP)
417 cvt_frag_to_fill (headers, fragP)
418 object_headers *headers;
422 switch (fragP->fr_type)
429 HANDLE_ALIGN (fragP);
431 know (fragP->fr_next != NULL);
432 fragP->fr_offset = (fragP->fr_next->fr_address
434 - fragP->fr_fix) / fragP->fr_var;
435 assert (fragP->fr_offset >= 0);
436 fragP->fr_type = rs_fill;
442 case rs_machine_dependent:
444 md_convert_frag (stdoutput, sec, fragP);
446 md_convert_frag (headers, fragP);
449 assert (fragP->fr_next == NULL || (fragP->fr_next->fr_address - fragP->fr_address == fragP->fr_fix));
452 * After md_convert_frag, we make the frag into a ".space 0".
453 * Md_convert_frag() should set up any fixSs and constants
459 #ifndef WORKING_DOT_WORD
462 struct broken_word *lie;
464 if (fragP->fr_subtype)
466 fragP->fr_fix += md_short_jump_size;
467 for (lie = (struct broken_word *) (fragP->fr_symbol);
468 lie && lie->dispfrag == fragP;
469 lie = lie->next_broken_word)
471 fragP->fr_fix += md_long_jump_size;
479 BAD_CASE (fragP->fr_type);
484 #endif /* defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) || !defined (BFD) */
488 relax_and_size_seg (abfd, sec, xxx)
495 segment_info_type *seginfo;
497 valueT size, newsize;
499 flags = bfd_get_section_flags (abfd, sec);
501 seginfo = seg_info (sec);
502 if (seginfo && seginfo->frchainP)
504 relax_segment (seginfo->frchainP->frch_root, sec);
505 for (fragp = seginfo->frchainP->frch_root; fragp; fragp = fragp->fr_next)
506 cvt_frag_to_fill (sec, fragp);
507 for (fragp = seginfo->frchainP->frch_root;
509 fragp = fragp->fr_next)
510 /* walk to last elt */;
511 size = fragp->fr_address + fragp->fr_fix;
516 if (size > 0 && ! seginfo->bss)
517 flags |= SEC_HAS_CONTENTS;
519 /* @@ This is just an approximation. */
520 if (seginfo && seginfo->fix_root)
524 x = bfd_set_section_flags (abfd, sec, flags);
527 newsize = md_section_align (sec, size);
528 x = bfd_set_section_size (abfd, sec, newsize);
531 /* If the size had to be rounded up, add some padding in the last
533 assert (newsize >= size);
536 fragS *last = seginfo->frchainP->frch_last;
537 fragp = seginfo->frchainP->frch_root;
538 while (fragp->fr_next != last)
539 fragp = fragp->fr_next;
540 last->fr_address = size;
541 fragp->fr_offset += newsize - size;
544 #ifdef tc_frob_section
545 tc_frob_section (sec);
547 #ifdef obj_frob_section
548 obj_frob_section (sec);
554 dump_section_relocs (abfd, sec, stream_)
559 FILE *stream = (FILE *) stream_;
560 segment_info_type *seginfo = seg_info (sec);
561 fixS *fixp = seginfo->fix_root;
566 fprintf (stream, "sec %s relocs:\n", sec->name);
569 symbolS *s = fixp->fx_addsy;
572 fprintf (stream, " %08x: %s(%s", fixp, S_GET_NAME (s),
573 s->bsym->section->name);
574 if (s->bsym->flags & BSF_SECTION_SYM)
576 fprintf (stream, " section sym");
578 fprintf (stream, "+%x", S_GET_VALUE (s));
581 fprintf (stream, "+%x", S_GET_VALUE (s));
582 fprintf (stream, ")+%x\n", fixp->fx_offset);
585 fprintf (stream, " %08x: type %d no sym\n", fixp, fixp->fx_r_type);
586 fixp = fixp->fx_next;
590 #define dump_section_relocs(ABFD,SEC,STREAM) (void)(ABFD,SEC,STREAM)
593 #ifndef EMIT_SECTION_SYMBOLS
594 #define EMIT_SECTION_SYMBOLS 1
598 adjust_reloc_syms (abfd, sec, xxx)
603 segment_info_type *seginfo = seg_info (sec);
609 dump_section_relocs (abfd, sec, stderr);
611 for (fixp = seginfo->fix_root; fixp; fixp = fixp->fx_next)
614 else if (fixp->fx_addsy)
622 fprintf (stderr, "\n\nadjusting fixup:\n");
626 sym = fixp->fx_addsy;
627 symsec = sym->bsym->section;
629 /* If it's one of these sections, assume the symbol is
630 definitely going to be output. The code in
631 md_estimate_size_before_relax in tc-mips.c uses this test
632 as well, so if you change this code you should look at that
634 if (bfd_is_und_section (symsec)
635 || bfd_is_abs_section (symsec)
636 || bfd_is_com_section (symsec))
638 fixp->fx_addsy->sy_used_in_reloc = 1;
642 /* Since we're reducing to section symbols, don't attempt to reduce
643 anything that's already using one. */
644 if (sym->bsym->flags & BSF_SECTION_SYM)
646 fixp->fx_addsy->sy_used_in_reloc = 1;
650 /* Is there some other reason we can't adjust this one? (E.g.,
651 call/bal links in i960-bout symbols.) */
652 #ifdef obj_fix_adjustable
653 if (! obj_fix_adjustable (fixp))
655 fixp->fx_addsy->sy_used_in_reloc = 1;
660 /* Is there some other (target cpu dependent) reason we can't adjust
661 this one? (E.g. relocations involving function addresses on
663 #ifdef tc_fix_adjustable
664 if (! tc_fix_adjustable (fixp))
666 fixp->fx_addsy->sy_used_in_reloc = 1;
671 /* For PIC support: We may get expressions like
672 "_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_+(.-L5)" where "." and "L5" may not
673 necessarily have had a fixed difference initially. But now
674 it should be a known constant, so we can reduce it. Since
675 we can't easily handle a symbol value that looks like
676 someUndefinedSymbol+const, though, we convert the fixup to
677 access the undefined symbol directly, and discard the
678 intermediate symbol. */
679 if (S_GET_SEGMENT (sym) == expr_section
680 && sym->sy_value.X_op == O_add
681 && (resolve_symbol_value (sym->sy_value.X_add_symbol),
682 S_GET_SEGMENT (sym->sy_value.X_add_symbol) == undefined_section)
683 && (resolve_symbol_value (sym->sy_value.X_op_symbol),
684 S_GET_SEGMENT (sym->sy_value.X_op_symbol) == absolute_section))
686 fixp->fx_offset += S_GET_VALUE (sym->sy_value.X_op_symbol);
687 fixp->fx_offset += sym->sy_value.X_add_number;
688 fixp->fx_addsy = sym->sy_value.X_add_symbol;
692 /* If the section symbol isn't going to be output, the relocs
693 at least should still work. If not, figure out what to do
694 when we run into that case. */
695 fixp->fx_offset += S_GET_VALUE (sym);
696 fixp->fx_addsy = section_symbol (symsec);
697 fixp->fx_addsy->sy_used_in_reloc = 1;
702 #if 1/*def RELOC_REQUIRES_SYMBOL*/
705 /* There was no symbol required by this relocation. However,
706 BFD doesn't really handle relocations without symbols well.
707 (At least, the COFF support doesn't.) So for now we fake up
708 a local symbol in the absolute section. */
710 fixp->fx_addsy = section_symbol (absolute_section);
711 /* fixp->fx_addsy->sy_used_in_reloc = 1; */
715 dump_section_relocs (abfd, sec, stderr);
719 write_relocs (abfd, sec, xxx)
724 segment_info_type *seginfo = seg_info (sec);
731 /* If seginfo is NULL, we did not create this section; don't do
736 fixup_segment (seginfo->fix_root, sec);
739 for (fixp = seginfo->fix_root; fixp; fixp = fixp->fx_next)
742 #ifndef RELOC_EXPANSION_POSSIBLE
743 /* Set up reloc information as well. */
744 relocs = (arelent **) bfd_alloc_by_size_t (stdoutput,
745 n * sizeof (arelent *));
746 memset ((char*)relocs, 0, n * sizeof (arelent*));
749 for (fixp = seginfo->fix_root; fixp != (fixS *) NULL; fixp = fixp->fx_next)
752 bfd_reloc_status_type s;
759 reloc = tc_gen_reloc (sec, fixp);
765 if (fixp->fx_where + fixp->fx_size
766 > fixp->fx_frag->fr_fix + fixp->fx_frag->fr_offset)
769 s = bfd_install_relocation (stdoutput, reloc,
770 fixp->fx_frag->fr_literal,
771 fixp->fx_frag->fr_address,
777 case bfd_reloc_overflow:
778 as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line, "relocation overflow");
781 as_fatal ("%s:%u: bad return from bfd_perform_relocation",
782 fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line);
787 n = n * MAX_RELOC_EXPANSION;
788 /* Set up reloc information as well. */
789 relocs = (arelent **) bfd_alloc_by_size_t (stdoutput,
790 n * sizeof (arelent *));
793 for (fixp = seginfo->fix_root; fixp != (fixS *) NULL; fixp = fixp->fx_next)
797 bfd_reloc_status_type s;
805 reloc = tc_gen_reloc (sec, fixp);
807 for (j = 0; reloc[j]; j++)
809 relocs[i++] = reloc[j];
812 data = fixp->fx_frag->fr_literal + fixp->fx_where;
813 if (fixp->fx_where + fixp->fx_size
814 > fixp->fx_frag->fr_fix + fixp->fx_frag->fr_offset)
816 for (j = 0; reloc[j]; j++)
818 s = bfd_install_relocation (stdoutput, reloc[j],
819 fixp->fx_frag->fr_literal,
820 fixp->fx_frag->fr_address,
826 case bfd_reloc_overflow:
827 as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
828 "relocation overflow");
831 as_fatal ("%s:%u: bad return from bfd_perform_relocation",
832 fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line);
843 sympp = bfd_get_outsymbols (stdoutput);
844 nsyms = bfd_get_symcount (stdoutput);
845 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
846 if (((*relocs[i]->sym_ptr_ptr)->flags & BSF_SECTION_SYM) == 0)
848 for (j = 0; j < nsyms; j++)
849 if (sympp[j] == *relocs[i]->sym_ptr_ptr)
858 bfd_set_reloc (stdoutput, sec, relocs, n);
860 bfd_set_section_flags (abfd, sec,
861 (bfd_get_section_flags (abfd, sec)
862 & (flagword) ~SEC_RELOC));
869 fprintf (stderr, "relocs for sec %s\n", sec->name);
870 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
874 fprintf (stderr, " reloc %2d @%08x off %4x : sym %-10s addend %x\n",
875 i, r, r->address, s->name, r->addend);
882 write_contents (abfd, sec, xxx)
887 segment_info_type *seginfo = seg_info (sec);
888 unsigned long offset = 0;
891 /* Write out the frags. */
893 || ! (bfd_get_section_flags (abfd, sec) & SEC_HAS_CONTENTS))
896 for (f = seginfo->frchainP->frch_root;
901 unsigned long fill_size;
905 assert (f->fr_type == rs_fill);
908 x = bfd_set_section_contents (stdoutput, sec,
909 f->fr_literal, (file_ptr) offset,
910 (bfd_size_type) f->fr_fix);
913 bfd_perror (stdoutput->filename);
914 as_perror ("FATAL: Can't write %s", stdoutput->filename);
919 fill_literal = f->fr_literal + f->fr_fix;
920 fill_size = f->fr_var;
921 count = f->fr_offset;
923 if (fill_size && count)
924 #ifdef BFD_FAST_SECTION_FILL
927 if (fill_size > sizeof(buf)) {
928 /* Do it the old way. Can this ever happen? */
931 x = bfd_set_section_contents (stdoutput, sec,
932 fill_literal, (file_ptr) offset,
933 (bfd_size_type) fill_size);
936 bfd_perror (stdoutput->filename);
937 as_perror ("FATAL: Can't write %s", stdoutput->filename);
944 /* Build a buffer full of fill objects and output it as
945 * often as necessary. This saves on the overhead of potentially
946 * lots of bfd_set_section_contents calls.
951 n_per_buf = sizeof (buf);
952 memset (buf, *fill_literal, n_per_buf);
957 n_per_buf = sizeof(buf)/fill_size;
958 for (i = n_per_buf, bufp = buf; i; i--, bufp += fill_size)
959 memcpy(bufp, fill_literal, fill_size);
961 for (; count > 0; count -= n_per_buf)
963 n_per_buf = n_per_buf > count ? count : n_per_buf;
964 x = bfd_set_section_contents (stdoutput, sec,
965 buf, (file_ptr) offset,
966 (bfd_size_type) n_per_buf * fill_size);
968 offset += n_per_buf * fill_size;
975 x = bfd_set_section_contents (stdoutput, sec,
976 fill_literal, (file_ptr) offset,
977 (bfd_size_type) fill_size);
986 #if defined(BFD_ASSEMBLER) || (!defined (BFD) && !defined(OBJ_AOUT))
988 merge_data_into_text ()
990 #if defined(BFD_ASSEMBLER) || defined(MANY_SEGMENTS)
991 seg_info (text_section)->frchainP->frch_last->fr_next =
992 seg_info (data_section)->frchainP->frch_root;
993 seg_info (text_section)->frchainP->frch_last =
994 seg_info (data_section)->frchainP->frch_last;
995 seg_info (data_section)->frchainP = 0;
999 text_last_frag->fr_next = data_frag_root;
1000 text_last_frag = data_last_frag;
1001 data_last_frag = NULL;
1002 data_frag_root = NULL;
1005 for (tmp = text_fix_root; tmp->fx_next; tmp = tmp->fx_next);;
1006 tmp->fx_next = data_fix_root;
1007 text_fix_tail = data_fix_tail;
1010 text_fix_root = data_fix_root;
1011 data_fix_root = NULL;
1014 #endif /* BFD_ASSEMBLER || (! BFD && ! OBJ_AOUT) */
1016 #if !defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) && !defined (BFD)
1018 relax_and_size_all_segments ()
1022 relax_segment (text_frag_root, SEG_TEXT);
1023 relax_segment (data_frag_root, SEG_DATA);
1024 relax_segment (bss_frag_root, SEG_BSS);
1026 * Now the addresses of frags are correct within the segment.
1029 know (text_last_frag->fr_type == rs_fill && text_last_frag->fr_offset == 0);
1030 H_SET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers, text_last_frag->fr_address);
1031 text_last_frag->fr_address = H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers);
1034 * Join the 2 segments into 1 huge segment.
1035 * To do this, re-compute every rn_address in the SEG_DATA frags.
1036 * Then join the data frags after the text frags.
1038 * Determine a_data [length of data segment].
1042 register relax_addressT slide;
1044 know ((text_last_frag->fr_type == rs_fill) && (text_last_frag->fr_offset == 0));
1046 H_SET_DATA_SIZE (&headers, data_last_frag->fr_address);
1047 data_last_frag->fr_address = H_GET_DATA_SIZE (&headers);
1048 slide = H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers); /* & in file of the data segment. */
1050 #define RoundUp(N,S) (((N)+(S)-1)&-(S))
1051 /* For b.out: If the data section has a strict alignment
1052 requirement, its load address in the .o file will be
1053 rounded up from the size of the text section. These
1054 two values are *not* the same! Similarly for the bss
1056 slide = RoundUp (slide, 1 << section_alignment[SEG_DATA]);
1059 for (fragP = data_frag_root; fragP; fragP = fragP->fr_next)
1061 fragP->fr_address += slide;
1062 } /* for each data frag */
1064 know (text_last_frag != 0);
1065 text_last_frag->fr_next = data_frag_root;
1069 H_SET_DATA_SIZE (&headers, 0);
1073 /* See above comments on b.out data section address. */
1076 if (data_last_frag == 0)
1077 bss_vma = H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers);
1079 bss_vma = data_last_frag->fr_address;
1080 bss_vma = RoundUp (bss_vma, 1 << section_alignment[SEG_BSS]);
1081 bss_address_frag.fr_address = bss_vma;
1083 #else /* ! OBJ_BOUT */
1084 bss_address_frag.fr_address = (H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers) +
1085 H_GET_DATA_SIZE (&headers));
1087 #endif /* ! OBJ_BOUT */
1089 /* Slide all the frags */
1092 relax_addressT slide = bss_address_frag.fr_address;
1094 for (fragP = bss_frag_root; fragP; fragP = fragP->fr_next)
1096 fragP->fr_address += slide;
1097 } /* for each bss frag */
1101 H_SET_BSS_SIZE (&headers,
1102 bss_last_frag->fr_address - bss_frag_root->fr_address);
1104 H_SET_BSS_SIZE (&headers, 0);
1106 #endif /* ! BFD_ASSEMBLER && ! BFD */
1108 #if defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) || !defined (BFD)
1110 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
1118 extern PTR bfd_alloc PARAMS ((bfd *, size_t));
1120 /* Count symbols. We can't rely on a count made by the loop in
1121 write_object_file, because *_frob_file may add a new symbol or
1124 for (symp = symbol_rootP; symp; symp = symbol_next (symp))
1131 asympp = (asymbol **) bfd_alloc (stdoutput,
1132 nsyms * sizeof (asymbol *));
1133 symp = symbol_rootP;
1134 for (i = 0; i < nsyms; i++, symp = symbol_next (symp))
1136 asympp[i] = symp->bsym;
1142 result = bfd_set_symtab (stdoutput, asympp, nsyms);
1143 assert (result == true);
1144 symbol_table_frozen = 1;
1149 write_object_file ()
1151 struct frchain *frchainP; /* Track along all frchains. */
1152 #if ! defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) || ! defined (WORKING_DOT_WORD)
1153 fragS *fragP; /* Track along all frags. */
1156 /* Do we really want to write it? */
1158 int n_warns, n_errs;
1159 n_warns = had_warnings ();
1160 n_errs = had_errors ();
1161 /* The -Z flag indicates that an object file should be generated,
1162 regardless of warnings and errors. */
1163 if (flag_always_generate_output)
1165 if (n_warns || n_errs)
1166 as_warn ("%d error%s, %d warning%s, generating bad object file.\n",
1167 n_errs, n_errs == 1 ? "" : "s",
1168 n_warns, n_warns == 1 ? "" : "s");
1173 as_fatal ("%d error%s, %d warning%s, no object file generated.\n",
1174 n_errs, n_errs == 1 ? "" : "s",
1175 n_warns, n_warns == 1 ? "" : "s");
1180 /* Under VMS we try to be compatible with VAX-11 "C". Thus, we call
1181 a routine to check for the definition of the procedure "_main",
1182 and if so -- fix it up so that it can be program entry point. */
1183 vms_check_for_main ();
1186 /* After every sub-segment, we fake an ".align ...". This conforms to
1187 BSD4.2 brane-damage. We then fake ".fill 0" because that is the kind of
1188 frag that requires least thought. ".align" frags like to have a
1189 following frag since that makes calculating their intended length
1192 @@ Is this really necessary?? */
1193 #ifndef SUB_SEGMENT_ALIGN
1194 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
1195 #define SUB_SEGMENT_ALIGN(SEG) (0)
1197 #define SUB_SEGMENT_ALIGN(SEG) (2)
1200 for (frchainP = frchain_root; frchainP; frchainP = frchainP->frch_next)
1202 subseg_set (frchainP->frch_seg, frchainP->frch_subseg);
1203 frag_align (SUB_SEGMENT_ALIGN (now_seg), NOP_OPCODE);
1204 /* frag_align will have left a new frag.
1205 Use this last frag for an empty ".fill".
1207 For this segment ...
1208 Create a last frag. Do not leave a "being filled in frag". */
1209 frag_wane (frag_now);
1210 frag_now->fr_fix = 0;
1211 know (frag_now->fr_next == NULL);
1214 /* From now on, we don't care about sub-segments. Build one frag chain
1215 for each segment. Linked thru fr_next. */
1217 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
1218 /* Remove the sections created by gas for its own purposes. */
1220 asection **seclist, *sec;
1223 seclist = &stdoutput->sections;
1224 while (seclist && *seclist)
1227 while (sec == reg_section || sec == expr_section)
1231 stdoutput->section_count--;
1236 seclist = &(*seclist)->next;
1239 bfd_map_over_sections (stdoutput, renumber_sections, &i);
1242 bfd_map_over_sections (stdoutput, chain_frchains_together, (char *) 0);
1244 remove_subsegs (frchain_root, SEG_TEXT, &text_frag_root, &text_last_frag);
1245 remove_subsegs (data0_frchainP, SEG_DATA, &data_frag_root, &data_last_frag);
1246 remove_subsegs (bss0_frchainP, SEG_BSS, &bss_frag_root, &bss_last_frag);
1249 /* We have two segments. If user gave -R flag, then we must put the
1250 data frags into the text segment. Do this before relaxing so
1251 we know to take advantage of -R and make shorter addresses. */
1252 #if !defined (OBJ_AOUT) || defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER)
1253 if (flag_readonly_data_in_text)
1255 merge_data_into_text ();
1259 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
1260 bfd_map_over_sections (stdoutput, relax_and_size_seg, (char *) 0);
1262 relax_and_size_all_segments ();
1263 #endif /* BFD_ASSEMBLER */
1265 #ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
1268 * Crawl the symbol chain.
1270 * For each symbol whose value depends on a frag, take the address of
1271 * that frag and subsume it into the value of the symbol.
1272 * After this, there is just one way to lookup a symbol value.
1273 * Values are left in their final state for object file emission.
1274 * We adjust the values of 'L' local symbols, even if we do
1275 * not intend to emit them to the object file, because their values
1276 * are needed for fix-ups.
1278 * Unless we saw a -L flag, remove all symbols that begin with 'L'
1279 * from the symbol chain. (They are still pointed to by the fixes.)
1281 * Count the remaining symbols.
1282 * Assign a symbol number to each symbol.
1283 * Count the number of string-table chars we will emit.
1284 * Put this info into the headers as appropriate.
1287 know (zero_address_frag.fr_address == 0);
1288 string_byte_count = sizeof (string_byte_count);
1290 obj_crawl_symbol_chain (&headers);
1292 if (string_byte_count == sizeof (string_byte_count))
1293 string_byte_count = 0;
1295 H_SET_STRING_SIZE (&headers, string_byte_count);
1298 * Addresses of frags now reflect addresses we use in the object file.
1299 * Symbol values are correct.
1300 * Scan the frags, converting any ".org"s and ".align"s to ".fill"s.
1301 * Also converting any machine-dependent frags using md_convert_frag();
1303 subseg_change (SEG_TEXT, 0);
1305 for (fragP = text_frag_root; fragP; fragP = fragP->fr_next)
1307 cvt_frag_to_fill (&headers, fragP);
1309 /* Some assert macros don't work with # directives mixed in. */
1311 if (!(fragP->fr_next == NULL
1313 || fragP->fr_next == data_frag_root
1315 || ((fragP->fr_next->fr_address - fragP->fr_address)
1316 == (fragP->fr_fix + fragP->fr_offset * fragP->fr_var))))
1320 #endif /* ! BFD_ASSEMBLER */
1322 #ifndef WORKING_DOT_WORD
1324 struct broken_word *lie;
1325 struct broken_word **prevP;
1327 prevP = &broken_words;
1328 for (lie = broken_words; lie; lie = lie->next_broken_word)
1333 exp.X_op = O_subtract;
1334 exp.X_add_symbol = lie->add;
1335 exp.X_op_symbol = lie->sub;
1336 exp.X_add_number = lie->addnum;
1337 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
1338 #ifdef TC_CONS_FIX_NEW
1339 TC_CONS_FIX_NEW (lie->frag,
1340 lie->word_goes_here - lie->frag->fr_literal,
1343 fix_new_exp (lie->frag,
1344 lie->word_goes_here - lie->frag->fr_literal,
1345 2, &exp, 0, BFD_RELOC_NONE);
1348 #if defined(TC_SPARC) || defined(TC_A29K) || defined(NEED_FX_R_TYPE)
1349 fix_new_exp (lie->frag,
1350 lie->word_goes_here - lie->frag->fr_literal,
1351 2, &exp, 0, NO_RELOC);
1354 fix_new_ns32k_exp (lie->frag,
1355 lie->word_goes_here - lie->frag->fr_literal,
1356 2, &exp, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0);
1358 fix_new_exp (lie->frag,
1359 lie->word_goes_here - lie->frag->fr_literal,
1361 #endif /* TC_NS32K */
1362 #endif /* TC_SPARC|TC_A29K|NEED_FX_R_TYPE */
1363 #endif /* BFD_ASSEMBLER */
1364 *prevP = lie->next_broken_word;
1367 prevP = &(lie->next_broken_word);
1369 for (lie = broken_words; lie;)
1371 struct broken_word *untruth;
1373 addressT table_addr;
1374 addressT from_addr, to_addr;
1377 fragP = lie->dispfrag;
1379 /* Find out how many broken_words go here. */
1381 for (untruth = lie; untruth && untruth->dispfrag == fragP; untruth = untruth->next_broken_word)
1382 if (untruth->added == 1)
1385 table_ptr = lie->dispfrag->fr_opcode;
1386 table_addr = lie->dispfrag->fr_address + (table_ptr - lie->dispfrag->fr_literal);
1387 /* Create the jump around the long jumps. This is a short
1388 jump from table_ptr+0 to table_ptr+n*long_jump_size. */
1389 from_addr = table_addr;
1390 to_addr = table_addr + md_short_jump_size + n * md_long_jump_size;
1391 md_create_short_jump (table_ptr, from_addr, to_addr, lie->dispfrag, lie->add);
1392 table_ptr += md_short_jump_size;
1393 table_addr += md_short_jump_size;
1395 for (m = 0; lie && lie->dispfrag == fragP; m++, lie = lie->next_broken_word)
1397 if (lie->added == 2)
1399 /* Patch the jump table */
1400 /* This is the offset from ??? to table_ptr+0 */
1401 to_addr = table_addr - S_GET_VALUE (lie->sub);
1402 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
1403 to_addr -= lie->sub->sy_frag->fr_address;
1405 md_number_to_chars (lie->word_goes_here, to_addr, 2);
1406 for (untruth = lie->next_broken_word; untruth && untruth->dispfrag == fragP; untruth = untruth->next_broken_word)
1408 if (untruth->use_jump == lie)
1409 md_number_to_chars (untruth->word_goes_here, to_addr, 2);
1412 /* Install the long jump */
1413 /* this is a long jump from table_ptr+0 to the final target */
1414 from_addr = table_addr;
1415 to_addr = S_GET_VALUE (lie->add) + lie->addnum;
1416 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
1417 to_addr += lie->add->sy_frag->fr_address;
1419 md_create_long_jump (table_ptr, from_addr, to_addr, lie->dispfrag, lie->add);
1420 table_ptr += md_long_jump_size;
1421 table_addr += md_long_jump_size;
1425 #endif /* not WORKING_DOT_WORD */
1427 #ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
1430 long object_file_size;
1432 * Scan every FixS performing fixups. We had to wait until now to do
1433 * this because md_convert_frag() may have made some fixSs.
1437 subseg_change (SEG_TEXT, 0);
1438 trsize = md_reloc_size * fixup_segment (text_fix_root, SEG_TEXT);
1439 subseg_change (SEG_DATA, 0);
1440 drsize = md_reloc_size * fixup_segment (data_fix_root, SEG_DATA);
1441 H_SET_RELOCATION_SIZE (&headers, trsize, drsize);
1443 /* FIXME move this stuff into the pre-write-hook */
1444 H_SET_MAGIC_NUMBER (&headers, magic_number_for_object_file);
1445 H_SET_ENTRY_POINT (&headers, 0);
1447 obj_pre_write_hook (&headers); /* extra coff stuff */
1449 object_file_size = H_GET_FILE_SIZE (&headers);
1450 next_object_file_charP = the_object_file = xmalloc (object_file_size);
1452 output_file_create (out_file_name);
1454 obj_header_append (&next_object_file_charP, &headers);
1456 know ((next_object_file_charP - the_object_file) == H_GET_HEADER_SIZE (&headers));
1461 for (fragP = text_frag_root; fragP; fragP = fragP->fr_next)
1463 register long count;
1464 register char *fill_literal;
1465 register long fill_size;
1467 know (fragP->fr_type == rs_fill);
1468 append (&next_object_file_charP, fragP->fr_literal, (unsigned long) fragP->fr_fix);
1469 fill_literal = fragP->fr_literal + fragP->fr_fix;
1470 fill_size = fragP->fr_var;
1471 know (fragP->fr_offset >= 0);
1473 for (count = fragP->fr_offset; count; count--)
1475 append (&next_object_file_charP, fill_literal, (unsigned long) fill_size);
1478 } /* for each code frag. */
1480 know ((next_object_file_charP - the_object_file) == (H_GET_HEADER_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_DATA_SIZE (&headers)));
1485 obj_emit_relocations (&next_object_file_charP, text_fix_root, (relax_addressT) 0);
1486 know ((next_object_file_charP - the_object_file) == (H_GET_HEADER_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_DATA_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_TEXT_RELOCATION_SIZE (&headers)));
1488 /* Make addresses in data relocation directives relative to beginning of
1489 * first data fragment, not end of last text fragment: alignment of the
1490 * start of the data segment may place a gap between the segments.
1492 obj_emit_relocations (&next_object_file_charP, data_fix_root, data0_frchainP->frch_root->fr_address);
1494 obj_emit_relocations (&next_object_file_charP, data_fix_root, text_last_frag->fr_address);
1495 #endif /* TC_I960 */
1497 know ((next_object_file_charP - the_object_file) == (H_GET_HEADER_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_DATA_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_TEXT_RELOCATION_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_DATA_RELOCATION_SIZE (&headers)));
1500 * Emit line number entries.
1502 OBJ_EMIT_LINENO (&next_object_file_charP, lineno_rootP, the_object_file);
1503 know ((next_object_file_charP - the_object_file) == (H_GET_HEADER_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_DATA_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_TEXT_RELOCATION_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_DATA_RELOCATION_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_LINENO_SIZE (&headers)));
1508 obj_emit_symbols (&next_object_file_charP, symbol_rootP);
1509 know ((next_object_file_charP - the_object_file) == (H_GET_HEADER_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_DATA_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_TEXT_RELOCATION_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_DATA_RELOCATION_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_LINENO_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_SYMBOL_TABLE_SIZE (&headers)));
1515 if (string_byte_count > 0)
1517 obj_emit_strings (&next_object_file_charP);
1518 } /* only if we have a string table */
1521 bfd_seek (stdoutput, 0, 0);
1522 bfd_write (the_object_file, 1, object_file_size, stdoutput);
1525 /* Write the data to the file */
1526 output_file_append (the_object_file, object_file_size, out_file_name);
1528 } /* non vms output */
1531 * Now do the VMS-dependent part of writing the object file
1533 vms_write_object_file (H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers),
1534 H_GET_DATA_SIZE (&headers),
1535 H_GET_BSS_SIZE (&headers),
1536 text_frag_root, data_frag_root);
1538 #else /* BFD_ASSEMBLER */
1540 /* Resolve symbol values. This needs to be done before processing
1546 for (symp = symbol_rootP; symp; symp = symbol_next (symp))
1547 if (!symp->sy_resolved)
1548 resolve_symbol_value (symp);
1551 bfd_map_over_sections (stdoutput, adjust_reloc_syms, (char *)0);
1553 /* Set up symbol table, and write it out. */
1558 for (symp = symbol_rootP; symp; symp = symbol_next (symp))
1562 /* Do it again, because adjust_reloc_syms might introduce
1563 more symbols. They'll probably only be section symbols,
1564 but they'll still need to have the values computed. */
1565 if (! symp->sy_resolved)
1567 if (symp->sy_value.X_op == O_constant)
1569 /* This is the normal case; skip the call. */
1572 + symp->sy_frag->fr_address));
1573 symp->sy_resolved = 1;
1576 resolve_symbol_value (symp);
1579 /* So far, common symbols have been treated like undefined symbols.
1580 Put them in the common section now. */
1581 if (S_IS_DEFINED (symp) == 0
1582 && S_GET_VALUE (symp) != 0)
1583 S_SET_SEGMENT (symp, bfd_com_section_ptr);
1585 printf ("symbol `%s'\n\t@%x: value=%d flags=%x seg=%s\n",
1586 S_GET_NAME (symp), symp,
1589 segment_name (symp->bsym->section));
1592 #ifdef obj_frob_symbol
1593 obj_frob_symbol (symp, punt);
1595 #ifdef tc_frob_symbol
1596 if (! punt || symp->sy_used_in_reloc)
1597 tc_frob_symbol (symp, punt);
1600 /* If we don't want to keep this symbol, splice it out of
1601 the chain now. If EMIT_SECTION_SYMBOLS is 0, we never
1602 want section symbols. Otherwise, we skip local symbols
1603 and symbols that the frob_symbol macros told us to punt,
1604 but we keep such symbols if they are used in relocs. */
1605 if ((! EMIT_SECTION_SYMBOLS
1606 && (symp->bsym->flags & BSF_SECTION_SYM) != 0)
1607 /* Note that S_IS_EXTERN and S_IS_LOCAL are not always
1608 opposites. Sometimes the former checks flags and the
1609 latter examines the name... */
1610 || (!S_IS_EXTERN (symp)
1611 && (S_IS_LOCAL (symp) || punt)
1612 && ! symp->sy_used_in_reloc))
1614 symbol_remove (symp, &symbol_rootP, &symbol_lastP);
1615 /* After symbol_remove, symbol_next(symp) still returns
1616 the one that came after it in the chain. So we don't
1617 need to do any extra cleanup work here. */
1622 /* Make sure we really got a value for the symbol. */
1623 if (! symp->sy_resolved)
1625 as_bad ("can't resolve value for symbol \"%s\"",
1627 symp->sy_resolved = 1;
1630 /* Set the value into the BFD symbol. Up til now the value
1631 has only been kept in the gas symbolS struct. */
1632 symp->bsym->value = S_GET_VALUE (symp);
1636 /* Now do any format-specific adjustments to the symbol table, such
1637 as adding file symbols. */
1638 #ifdef obj_adjust_symtab
1639 obj_adjust_symtab ();
1642 /* Now that all the sizes are known, and contents correct, we can
1643 start writing to the file. */
1646 /* If *_frob_file changes the symbol value at this point, it is
1647 responsible for moving the changed value into symp->bsym->value
1648 as well. Hopefully all symbol value changing can be done in
1653 #ifdef obj_frob_file
1657 bfd_map_over_sections (stdoutput, write_relocs, (char *) 0);
1659 bfd_map_over_sections (stdoutput, write_contents, (char *) 0);
1660 #endif /* BFD_ASSEMBLER */
1667 * Now we have a segment, not a crowd of sub-segments, we can make fr_address
1672 * After this, all frags in this segment have addresses that are correct
1673 * within the segment. Since segments live in different file addresses,
1674 * these frag addresses may not be the same as final object-file addresses.
1677 #ifndef md_relax_frag
1679 /* Subroutines of relax_segment. */
1685 for (; f1; f1 = f1->fr_next)
1686 if (f1->fr_next == f2)
1691 #endif /* ! defined (md_relax_frag) */
1693 /* Relax_align. Advance location counter to next address that has 'alignment'
1694 lowest order bits all 0s, return size of adjustment made. */
1695 static relax_addressT
1696 relax_align (address, alignment)
1697 register relax_addressT address; /* Address now. */
1698 register int alignment; /* Alignment (binary). */
1700 relax_addressT mask;
1701 relax_addressT new_address;
1703 mask = ~((~0) << alignment);
1704 new_address = (address + mask) & (~mask);
1706 /* We must provide lots of padding, so the linker can discard it
1707 when needed. The linker will not add extra space, ever. */
1708 new_address += (1 << alignment);
1709 return (new_address - address);
1713 relax_segment (segment_frag_root, segment)
1714 struct frag *segment_frag_root;
1717 register struct frag *fragP;
1718 register relax_addressT address;
1719 #if !defined (MANY_SEGMENTS) && !defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER)
1720 know (segment == SEG_DATA || segment == SEG_TEXT || segment == SEG_BSS);
1722 /* In case md_estimate_size_before_relax() wants to make fixSs. */
1723 subseg_change (segment, 0);
1725 /* For each frag in segment: count and store (a 1st guess of)
1728 for (fragP = segment_frag_root; fragP; fragP = fragP->fr_next)
1730 fragP->fr_address = address;
1731 address += fragP->fr_fix;
1733 switch (fragP->fr_type)
1736 address += fragP->fr_offset * fragP->fr_var;
1742 int offset = relax_align (address, (int) fragP->fr_offset);
1743 if (offset % fragP->fr_var != 0)
1745 as_bad ("alignment padding (%d bytes) not a multiple of %ld",
1746 offset, (long) fragP->fr_var);
1747 offset -= (offset % fragP->fr_var);
1755 /* Assume .org is nugatory. It will grow with 1st relax. */
1758 case rs_machine_dependent:
1759 address += md_estimate_size_before_relax (fragP, segment);
1762 #ifndef WORKING_DOT_WORD
1763 /* Broken words don't concern us yet */
1764 case rs_broken_word:
1769 BAD_CASE (fragP->fr_type);
1771 } /* switch(fr_type) */
1772 } /* for each frag in the segment */
1776 long stretch; /* May be any size, 0 or negative. */
1777 /* Cumulative number of addresses we have */
1778 /* relaxed this pass. */
1779 /* We may have relaxed more than one address. */
1780 long stretched; /* Have we stretched on this pass? */
1781 /* This is 'cuz stretch may be zero, when, in fact some piece of code
1782 grew, and another shrank. If a branch instruction doesn't fit anymore,
1783 we could be scrod. */
1787 stretch = stretched = 0;
1788 for (fragP = segment_frag_root; fragP; fragP = fragP->fr_next)
1791 unsigned long was_address;
1797 was_address = fragP->fr_address;
1798 address = fragP->fr_address += stretch;
1799 symbolP = fragP->fr_symbol;
1800 offset = fragP->fr_offset;
1802 switch (fragP->fr_type)
1804 case rs_fill: /* .fill never relaxes. */
1808 #ifndef WORKING_DOT_WORD
1809 /* JF: This is RMS's idea. I do *NOT* want to be blamed
1810 for it I do not want to write it. I do not want to have
1811 anything to do with it. This is not the proper way to
1812 implement this misfeature. */
1813 case rs_broken_word:
1815 struct broken_word *lie;
1816 struct broken_word *untruth;
1818 /* Yes this is ugly (storing the broken_word pointer
1819 in the symbol slot). Still, this whole chunk of
1820 code is ugly, and I don't feel like doing anything
1821 about it. Think of it as stubbornness in action. */
1823 for (lie = (struct broken_word *) (fragP->fr_symbol);
1824 lie && lie->dispfrag == fragP;
1825 lie = lie->next_broken_word)
1831 offset = (lie->add->sy_frag->fr_address
1832 + S_GET_VALUE (lie->add)
1834 - (lie->sub->sy_frag->fr_address
1835 + S_GET_VALUE (lie->sub)));
1836 if (offset <= -32768 || offset >= 32767)
1838 if (flag_warn_displacement)
1841 sprint_value (buf, (addressT) lie->addnum);
1842 as_warn (".word %s-%s+%s didn't fit",
1843 S_GET_NAME (lie->add),
1844 S_GET_NAME (lie->sub),
1848 if (fragP->fr_subtype == 0)
1850 fragP->fr_subtype++;
1851 growth += md_short_jump_size;
1853 for (untruth = lie->next_broken_word;
1854 untruth && untruth->dispfrag == lie->dispfrag;
1855 untruth = untruth->next_broken_word)
1856 if ((untruth->add->sy_frag == lie->add->sy_frag)
1857 && S_GET_VALUE (untruth->add) == S_GET_VALUE (lie->add))
1860 untruth->use_jump = lie;
1862 growth += md_long_jump_size;
1867 } /* case rs_broken_word */
1871 growth = (relax_align ((relax_addressT) (address
1874 - relax_align ((relax_addressT) (was_address
1884 #if !defined (MANY_SEGMENTS) && !defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER)
1885 know ((S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == SEG_ABSOLUTE)
1886 || (S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == SEG_DATA)
1887 || (S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == SEG_TEXT)
1888 || S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == SEG_BSS);
1889 know (symbolP->sy_frag);
1890 know (!(S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == SEG_ABSOLUTE)
1891 || (symbolP->sy_frag == &zero_address_frag));
1893 target += S_GET_VALUE (symbolP)
1894 + symbolP->sy_frag->fr_address;
1895 } /* if we have a symbol */
1897 know (fragP->fr_next);
1898 after = fragP->fr_next->fr_address;
1899 growth = ((target - after) > 0) ? (target - after) : 0;
1900 /* Growth may be negative, but variable part of frag
1901 cannot have fewer than 0 chars. That is, we can't
1904 growth -= stretch; /* This is an absolute growth factor */
1910 growth = S_GET_VALUE (symbolP);
1911 if (symbolP->sy_frag != &zero_address_frag)
1912 as_bad (".space specifies non-absolute value");
1913 fragP->fr_symbol = 0;
1916 as_warn (".space or .fill with negative value, ignored");
1924 case rs_machine_dependent:
1925 #ifdef md_relax_frag
1926 growth = md_relax_frag (fragP, stretch);
1928 /* The default way to relax a frag is to look through
1931 const relax_typeS *this_type;
1932 const relax_typeS *start_type;
1933 relax_substateT next_state;
1934 relax_substateT this_state;
1937 this_state = fragP->fr_subtype;
1938 start_type = this_type = md_relax_table + this_state;
1943 #ifndef DIFF_EXPR_OK
1944 #if !defined (MANY_SEGMENTS) && !defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER)
1945 know ((S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == SEG_ABSOLUTE)
1946 || (S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == SEG_DATA)
1947 || (S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == SEG_BSS)
1948 || (S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == SEG_TEXT));
1950 know (symbolP->sy_frag);
1952 know (!(S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == absolute_section)
1953 || symbolP->sy_frag == &zero_address_frag);
1955 S_GET_VALUE (symbolP)
1956 + symbolP->sy_frag->fr_address;
1958 /* If frag has yet to be reached on this pass,
1959 assume it will move by STRETCH just as we did.
1960 If this is not so, it will be because some frag
1961 between grows, and that will force another pass.
1963 Beware zero-length frags.
1965 There should be a faster way to do this. */
1967 if (symbolP->sy_frag->fr_address >= was_address
1968 && is_dnrange (fragP, symbolP->sy_frag))
1974 aim = target - address - fragP->fr_fix;
1975 #ifdef TC_PCREL_ADJUST
1976 /* Currently only the ns32k family needs this */
1977 aim += TC_PCREL_ADJUST(fragP);
1979 /* This machine doesn't want to use pcrel_adjust.
1980 In that case, pcrel_adjust should be zero. */
1981 assert (fragP->fr_pcrel_adjust == 0);
1986 /* Look backwards. */
1987 for (next_state = this_type->rlx_more; next_state;)
1988 if (aim >= this_type->rlx_backward)
1992 /* Grow to next state. */
1993 this_state = next_state;
1994 this_type = md_relax_table + this_state;
1995 next_state = this_type->rlx_more;
2000 #ifdef M68K_AIM_KLUDGE
2001 M68K_AIM_KLUDGE (aim, this_state, this_type);
2003 /* Look forwards. */
2004 for (next_state = this_type->rlx_more; next_state;)
2005 if (aim <= this_type->rlx_forward)
2009 /* Grow to next state. */
2010 this_state = next_state;
2011 this_type = md_relax_table + this_state;
2012 next_state = this_type->rlx_more;
2016 growth = this_type->rlx_length - start_type->rlx_length;
2018 fragP->fr_subtype = this_state;
2024 BAD_CASE (fragP->fr_type);
2032 } /* For each frag in the segment. */
2034 while (stretched); /* Until nothing further to relax. */
2038 * We now have valid fr_address'es for each frag.
2042 * All fr_address's are correct, relative to their own segment.
2043 * We have made all the fixS we will ever make.
2045 } /* relax_segment() */
2047 #if defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) || !defined (BFD)
2049 #ifndef TC_RELOC_RTSYM_LOC_FIXUP
2050 #define TC_RELOC_RTSYM_LOC_FIXUP(X) (1)
2055 Go through all the fixS's in a segment and see which ones can be
2056 handled now. (These consist of fixS where we have since discovered
2057 the value of a symbol, or the address of the frag involved.)
2058 For each one, call md_apply_fix to put the fix into the frag data.
2060 Result is a count of how many relocation structs will be needed to
2061 handle the remaining fixS's that we couldn't completely handle here.
2062 These will be output later by emit_relocations(). */
2065 fixup_segment (fixP, this_segment_type)
2066 register fixS *fixP;
2067 segT this_segment_type; /* N_TYPE bits for segment. */
2069 long seg_reloc_count = 0;
2070 symbolS *add_symbolP;
2071 symbolS *sub_symbolP;
2078 segT add_symbol_segment = absolute_section;
2080 /* If the linker is doing the relaxing, we must not do any fixups.
2082 Well, strictly speaking that's not true -- we could do any that are
2083 PC-relative and don't cross regions that could change size. And for the
2084 i960 (the only machine for which we've got a relaxing linker right now),
2085 we might be able to turn callx/callj into bal anyways in cases where we
2086 know the maximum displacement. */
2089 for (; fixP; fixP = fixP->fx_next)
2091 TC_ADJUST_RELOC_COUNT (fixP, seg_reloc_count);
2092 return seg_reloc_count;
2095 for (; fixP; fixP = fixP->fx_next)
2098 fprintf (stderr, "\nprocessing fixup:\n");
2102 fragP = fixP->fx_frag;
2104 where = fixP->fx_where;
2105 place = fragP->fr_literal + where;
2106 size = fixP->fx_size;
2107 add_symbolP = fixP->fx_addsy;
2108 #ifdef TC_VALIDATE_FIX
2109 TC_VALIDATE_FIX (fixP, this_segment_type, skip);
2111 sub_symbolP = fixP->fx_subsy;
2112 add_number = fixP->fx_offset;
2113 pcrel = fixP->fx_pcrel;
2117 add_symbol_segment = S_GET_SEGMENT (add_symbolP);
2124 if (S_GET_SEGMENT (sub_symbolP) == absolute_section)
2125 add_number -= S_GET_VALUE (sub_symbolP);
2127 && S_GET_SEGMENT (sub_symbolP) == this_segment_type)
2129 /* Should try converting to a constant. */
2134 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
2135 "Negative of non-absolute symbol %s",
2136 S_GET_NAME (sub_symbolP));
2138 else if ((S_GET_SEGMENT (sub_symbolP) == add_symbol_segment)
2139 && (SEG_NORMAL (add_symbol_segment)
2140 || (add_symbol_segment == absolute_section)))
2142 /* Difference of 2 symbols from same segment.
2143 Can't make difference of 2 undefineds: 'value' means
2144 something different for N_UNDF. */
2146 /* Makes no sense to use the difference of 2 arbitrary symbols
2147 as the target of a call instruction. */
2149 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
2150 "callj to difference of 2 symbols");
2151 #endif /* TC_I960 */
2152 add_number += S_GET_VALUE (add_symbolP) -
2153 S_GET_VALUE (sub_symbolP);
2157 /* Let the target machine make the final determination
2158 as to whether or not a relocation will be needed to
2159 handle this fixup. */
2160 if (!TC_FORCE_RELOCATION (fixP))
2162 fixP->fx_addsy = NULL;
2167 /* Different segments in subtraction. */
2168 know (!(S_IS_EXTERNAL (sub_symbolP)
2169 && (S_GET_SEGMENT (sub_symbolP) == absolute_section)));
2171 if ((S_GET_SEGMENT (sub_symbolP) == absolute_section))
2172 add_number -= S_GET_VALUE (sub_symbolP);
2175 else if (S_GET_SEGMENT (sub_symbolP) == this_segment_type
2176 #if 0 /* Do this even if it's already described as pc-relative. For example,
2177 on the m68k, an operand of "pc@(foo-.-2)" should address "foo" in a
2178 pc-relative mode. */
2183 /* Make it pc-relative. */
2184 add_number += (md_pcrel_from (fixP)
2185 - S_GET_VALUE (sub_symbolP));
2192 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
2193 else if (fixP->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_GPREL32
2194 || fixP->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_GPREL16)
2196 /* Leave it alone. */
2202 sprint_value (buf, fragP->fr_address + where);
2203 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
2204 "Can't emit reloc {- %s-seg symbol \"%s\"} @ file address %s.",
2205 segment_name (S_GET_SEGMENT (sub_symbolP)),
2206 S_GET_NAME (sub_symbolP), buf);
2213 if (add_symbol_segment == this_segment_type && pcrel && !plt
2214 && TC_RELOC_RTSYM_LOC_FIXUP (fixP->fx_r_type))
2217 * This fixup was made when the symbol's segment was
2218 * SEG_UNKNOWN, but it is now in the local segment.
2219 * So we know how to do the address without relocation.
2222 /* reloc_callj() may replace a 'call' with a 'calls' or a
2223 'bal', in which cases it modifies *fixP as appropriate.
2224 In the case of a 'calls', no further work is required,
2225 and *fixP has been set up to make the rest of the code
2228 #endif /* TC_I960 */
2230 add_number += S_GET_VALUE (add_symbolP);
2231 add_number -= md_pcrel_from (fixP);
2232 pcrel = 0; /* Lie. Don't want further pcrel processing. */
2234 /* Let the target machine make the final determination
2235 as to whether or not a relocation will be needed to
2236 handle this fixup. */
2237 if (!TC_FORCE_RELOCATION (fixP))
2240 fixP->fx_addsy = NULL;
2245 if (add_symbol_segment == absolute_section)
2248 /* See comment about reloc_callj() above. */
2250 #endif /* TC_I960 */
2251 add_number += S_GET_VALUE (add_symbolP);
2253 /* Let the target machine make the final determination
2254 as to whether or not a relocation will be needed to
2255 handle this fixup. */
2256 if (!TC_FORCE_RELOCATION (fixP))
2258 fixP->fx_addsy = NULL;
2262 else if (add_symbol_segment == undefined_section
2263 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
2264 || bfd_is_com_section (add_symbol_segment)
2269 if ((int) fixP->fx_bit_fixP == 13)
2271 /* This is a COBR instruction. They have only a
2272 * 13-bit displacement and are only to be used
2273 * for local branches: flag as error, don't generate
2276 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
2277 "can't use COBR format with external label");
2278 fixP->fx_addsy = NULL;
2282 #endif /* TC_I960 */
2286 if (S_IS_COMMON (add_symbolP))
2287 add_number += S_GET_VALUE (add_symbolP);
2288 #endif /* TE_I386AIX */
2289 #endif /* OBJ_COFF */
2295 #if !defined (TC_I386) || !(defined (OBJ_ELF) || defined (OBJ_COFF))
2296 add_number += S_GET_VALUE (add_symbolP);
2304 add_number -= md_pcrel_from (fixP);
2305 if (add_symbolP == 0)
2307 #ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
2308 fixP->fx_addsy = &abs_symbol;
2310 fixP->fx_addsy = section_symbol (absolute_section);
2312 fixP->fx_addsy->sy_used_in_reloc = 1;
2317 if (!fixP->fx_bit_fixP && size > 0)
2320 if (size < sizeof (mask))
2322 /* set all bits to one */
2324 /* Technically, combining these produces an undefined result
2325 if size is sizeof (valueT), though I think these two
2326 half-way operations should both be defined. And the
2327 compiler should be able to combine them if it's valid on
2328 the host architecture. */
2331 if ((add_number & mask) != 0
2332 && (add_number & mask) != mask)
2334 char buf[50], buf2[50];
2335 sprint_value (buf, fragP->fr_address + where);
2336 if (add_number > 1000)
2337 sprint_value (buf2, add_number);
2339 sprintf (buf2, "%ld", (long) add_number);
2340 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
2341 "Value of %s too large for field of %d bytes at %s",
2343 } /* generic error checking */
2345 #ifdef WARN_SIGNED_OVERFLOW_WORD
2346 /* Warn if a .word value is too large when treated as a signed
2347 number. We already know it is not too negative. This is to
2348 catch over-large switches generated by gcc on the 68k. */
2349 if (!flag_signed_overflow_ok
2351 && add_number > 0x7fff)
2352 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
2353 "Signed .word overflow; switch may be too large; %ld at 0x%lx",
2355 (unsigned long) (fragP->fr_address + where));
2357 } /* not a bit fix */
2361 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
2362 md_apply_fix (fixP, &add_number);
2364 md_apply_fix (fixP, add_number);
2367 #ifndef TC_HANDLES_FX_DONE
2368 /* If the tc-* files haven't been converted, assume it's handling
2369 it the old way, where a null fx_addsy means that the fix has
2370 been applied completely, and no further work is needed. */
2371 if (fixP->fx_addsy == 0 && fixP->fx_pcrel == 0)
2375 #ifdef TC_VALIDATE_FIX
2379 fprintf (stderr, "result:\n");
2382 } /* For each fixS in this segment. */
2384 TC_ADJUST_RELOC_COUNT (fixP, seg_reloc_count);
2385 return seg_reloc_count;
2388 #endif /* defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) || !defined (BFD) */
2391 number_to_chars_bigendian (buf, val, n)
2396 if (n > sizeof (val)|| n <= 0)
2400 buf[n] = val & 0xff;
2406 number_to_chars_littleendian (buf, val, n)
2411 if (n > sizeof (val) || n <= 0)
2415 *buf++ = val & 0xff;
2421 extern int indent_level;
2422 extern void print_symbol_value_1 ();
2429 fprintf (stderr, "fix %lx %s:%d", (long) fixp, fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line);
2431 fprintf (stderr, " pcrel");
2432 if (fixp->fx_pcrel_adjust)
2433 fprintf (stderr, " pcrel_adjust=%d", fixp->fx_pcrel_adjust);
2434 if (fixp->fx_im_disp)
2437 fprintf (stderr, " im_disp=%d", fixp->fx_im_disp);
2439 fprintf (stderr, " im_disp");
2443 fprintf (stderr, " tcbit");
2445 fprintf (stderr, " done");
2446 fprintf (stderr, "\n size=%d frag=%lx where=%ld offset=%lx addnumber=%lx",
2447 fixp->fx_size, (long) fixp->fx_frag, (long) fixp->fx_where,
2448 (long) fixp->fx_offset, (long) fixp->fx_addnumber);
2449 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
2450 fprintf (stderr, "\n %s (%d)", bfd_get_reloc_code_name (fixp->fx_r_type),
2453 #ifdef NEED_FX_R_TYPE
2454 fprintf (stderr, " r_type=%d", fixp->fx_r_type);
2459 fprintf (stderr, "\n +<");
2460 print_symbol_value_1 (stderr, fixp->fx_addsy);
2461 fprintf (stderr, ">");
2465 fprintf (stderr, "\n -<");
2466 print_symbol_value_1 (stderr, fixp->fx_subsy);
2467 fprintf (stderr, ">");
2469 fprintf (stderr, "\n");
2472 /* end of write.c */