1 /* write.c - emit .o file
2 Copyright (C) 1986, 87, 90, 91, 92, 93, 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
6 GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
11 GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 GNU General Public License for more details.
16 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 along with GAS; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
18 the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */
20 /* This thing should be set up to do byteordering correctly. But... */
25 #include "output-file.h"
27 /* This looks like a good idea. Let's try turning it on always, for now. */
28 #undef BFD_FAST_SECTION_FILL
29 #define BFD_FAST_SECTION_FILL
31 /* The NOP_OPCODE is for the alignment fill value. Fill it with a nop
32 instruction so that the disassembler does not choke on it. */
34 #define NOP_OPCODE 0x00
37 #ifndef TC_ADJUST_RELOC_COUNT
38 #define TC_ADJUST_RELOC_COUNT(FIXP,COUNT)
41 #ifndef TC_FORCE_RELOCATION
42 #define TC_FORCE_RELOCATION(FIXP) 0
45 #ifndef WORKING_DOT_WORD
46 extern CONST int md_short_jump_size;
47 extern CONST int md_long_jump_size;
50 int symbol_table_frozen;
51 void print_fixup PARAMS ((fixS *));
54 static void renumber_sections PARAMS ((bfd *, asection *, PTR));
56 /* We generally attach relocs to frag chains. However, after we have
57 chained these all together into a segment, any relocs we add after
58 that must be attached to a segment. This will include relocs added
59 in md_estimate_size_for_relax, for example. */
60 static int frags_chained = 0;
66 struct frag *text_frag_root;
67 struct frag *data_frag_root;
68 struct frag *bss_frag_root;
70 struct frag *text_last_frag; /* Last frag in segment. */
71 struct frag *data_last_frag; /* Last frag in segment. */
72 static struct frag *bss_last_frag; /* Last frag in segment. */
76 static object_headers headers;
77 static char *the_object_file;
80 long string_byte_count;
81 char *next_object_file_charP; /* Tracks object file bytes. */
84 int magic_number_for_object_file = DEFAULT_MAGIC_NUMBER_FOR_OBJECT_FILE;
87 #endif /* BFD_ASSEMBLER */
90 static fixS *fix_new_internal PARAMS ((fragS *, int where, int size,
91 symbolS *add, symbolS *sub,
92 offsetT offset, int pcrel,
93 bfd_reloc_code_real_type r_type));
95 static fixS *fix_new_internal PARAMS ((fragS *, int where, int size,
96 symbolS *add, symbolS *sub,
97 offsetT offset, int pcrel,
100 #if defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) || !defined (BFD)
101 static long fixup_segment PARAMS ((fixS * fixP, segT this_segment_type));
103 static relax_addressT relax_align PARAMS ((relax_addressT addr, int align));
108 * Create a fixS in obstack 'notes'.
111 fix_new_internal (frag, where, size, add_symbol, sub_symbol, offset, pcrel,
113 fragS *frag; /* Which frag? */
114 int where; /* Where in that frag? */
115 int size; /* 1, 2, or 4 usually. */
116 symbolS *add_symbol; /* X_add_symbol. */
117 symbolS *sub_symbol; /* X_op_symbol. */
118 offsetT offset; /* X_add_number. */
119 int pcrel; /* TRUE if PC-relative relocation. */
121 bfd_reloc_code_real_type r_type; /* Relocation type */
123 int r_type; /* Relocation type */
128 fixP = (fixS *) obstack_alloc (¬es, sizeof (fixS));
130 fixP->fx_frag = frag;
131 fixP->fx_where = where;
132 fixP->fx_size = size;
133 fixP->fx_addsy = add_symbol;
134 fixP->fx_subsy = sub_symbol;
135 fixP->fx_offset = offset;
136 fixP->fx_pcrel = pcrel;
138 #if defined(NEED_FX_R_TYPE) || defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER)
139 fixP->fx_r_type = r_type;
141 fixP->fx_im_disp = 0;
142 fixP->fx_pcrel_adjust = 0;
143 fixP->fx_bit_fixP = 0;
144 fixP->fx_addnumber = 0;
145 fixP->tc_fix_data = NULL;
149 #if defined (TC_I960) || defined (TC_NS32k)
153 as_where (&fixP->fx_file, &fixP->fx_line);
155 /* Usually, we want relocs sorted numerically, but while
156 comparing to older versions of gas that have relocs
157 reverse sorted, it is convenient to have this compile
158 time option. xoxorich. */
163 fixS **seg_fix_rootP = (frags_chained
164 ? &seg_info (now_seg)->fix_root
165 : &frchain_now->fix_root);
166 fixS **seg_fix_tailP = (frags_chained
167 ? &seg_info (now_seg)->fix_tail
168 : &frchain_now->fix_tail);
171 #ifdef REVERSE_SORT_RELOCS
173 fixP->fx_next = *seg_fix_rootP;
174 *seg_fix_rootP = fixP;
176 #else /* REVERSE_SORT_RELOCS */
178 fixP->fx_next = NULL;
181 (*seg_fix_tailP)->fx_next = fixP;
183 *seg_fix_rootP = fixP;
184 *seg_fix_tailP = fixP;
186 #endif /* REVERSE_SORT_RELOCS */
193 /* Create a fixup relative to a symbol (plus a constant). */
196 fix_new (frag, where, size, add_symbol, offset, pcrel, r_type)
197 fragS *frag; /* Which frag? */
198 int where; /* Where in that frag? */
199 short int size; /* 1, 2, or 4 usually. */
200 symbolS *add_symbol; /* X_add_symbol. */
201 offsetT offset; /* X_add_number. */
202 int pcrel; /* TRUE if PC-relative relocation. */
204 bfd_reloc_code_real_type r_type; /* Relocation type */
206 int r_type; /* Relocation type */
209 return fix_new_internal (frag, where, size, add_symbol,
210 (symbolS *) NULL, offset, pcrel, r_type);
213 /* Create a fixup for an expression. Currently we only support fixups
214 for difference expressions. That is itself more than most object
215 file formats support anyhow. */
218 fix_new_exp (frag, where, size, exp, pcrel, r_type)
219 fragS *frag; /* Which frag? */
220 int where; /* Where in that frag? */
221 short int size; /* 1, 2, or 4 usually. */
222 expressionS *exp; /* Expression. */
223 int pcrel; /* TRUE if PC-relative relocation. */
225 bfd_reloc_code_real_type r_type; /* Relocation type */
227 int r_type; /* Relocation type */
240 /* This comes up when _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_+(.-L0) is read, if
241 the difference expression cannot immediately be reduced. */
243 extern symbolS *make_expr_symbol ();
244 symbolS *stmp = make_expr_symbol (exp);
245 exp->X_op = O_symbol;
246 exp->X_op_symbol = 0;
247 exp->X_add_symbol = stmp;
248 exp->X_add_number = 0;
249 return fix_new_exp (frag, where, size, exp, pcrel, r_type);
253 sub = exp->X_add_symbol;
254 off = exp->X_add_number;
258 sub = exp->X_op_symbol;
261 add = exp->X_add_symbol;
264 off = exp->X_add_number;
268 as_bad ("expression too complex for fixup");
271 return fix_new_internal (frag, where, size, add, sub, off,
275 /* Append a string onto another string, bumping the pointer along. */
277 append (charPP, fromP, length)
280 unsigned long length;
282 /* Don't trust memcpy() of 0 chars. */
286 memcpy (*charPP, fromP, length);
290 #ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
291 int section_alignment[SEG_MAXIMUM_ORDINAL];
295 * This routine records the largest alignment seen for each segment.
296 * If the beginning of the segment is aligned on the worst-case
297 * boundary, all of the other alignments within it will work. At
298 * least one object format really uses this info.
301 record_alignment (seg, align)
302 /* Segment to which alignment pertains */
304 /* Alignment, as a power of 2 (e.g., 1 => 2-byte boundary, 2 => 4-byte
309 if (align > bfd_get_section_alignment (stdoutput, seg))
310 bfd_set_section_alignment (stdoutput, seg, align);
312 if (align > section_alignment[(int) seg])
313 section_alignment[(int) seg] = align;
319 /* Reset the section indices after removing the gas created sections. */
322 renumber_sections (abfd, sec, countparg)
327 int *countp = (int *) countparg;
329 sec->index = *countp;
333 #endif /* defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) */
335 #if defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) || ! defined (BFD)
338 chain_frchains_together_1 (section, frchp)
340 struct frchain *frchp;
342 fragS dummy, *prev_frag = &dummy;
343 fixS fix_dummy, *prev_fix = &fix_dummy;
345 for (; frchp && frchp->frch_seg == section; frchp = frchp->frch_next)
347 prev_frag->fr_next = frchp->frch_root;
348 prev_frag = frchp->frch_last;
350 if (frchp->fix_root != (fixS *) NULL)
352 if (seg_info (section)->fix_root == (fixS *) NULL)
353 seg_info (section)->fix_root = frchp->fix_root;
354 prev_fix->fx_next = frchp->fix_root;
355 seg_info (section)->fix_tail = frchp->fix_tail;
356 prev_fix = frchp->fix_tail;
360 prev_frag->fr_next = 0;
369 chain_frchains_together (abfd, section, xxx)
370 bfd *abfd; /* unused */
372 PTR xxx; /* unused */
374 segment_info_type *info;
376 /* BFD may have introduced its own sections without using
377 subseg_new, so it is possible that seg_info is NULL. */
378 info = seg_info (section);
379 if (info != (segment_info_type *) NULL)
380 info->frchainP->frch_last
381 = chain_frchains_together_1 (section, info->frchainP);
383 /* Now that we've chained the frags together, we must add new fixups
384 to the segment, not to the frag chain. */
390 #if !defined (BFD) && !defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER)
393 remove_subsegs (head, seg, root, last)
399 *root = head->frch_root;
400 *last = chain_frchains_together_1 (seg, head);
405 #if defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) || !defined (BFD)
409 cvt_frag_to_fill (sec, fragP)
414 cvt_frag_to_fill (headers, fragP)
415 object_headers *headers;
419 switch (fragP->fr_type)
426 HANDLE_ALIGN (fragP);
428 know (fragP->fr_next != NULL);
429 fragP->fr_offset = (fragP->fr_next->fr_address
431 - fragP->fr_fix) / fragP->fr_var;
432 assert (fragP->fr_offset >= 0);
433 fragP->fr_type = rs_fill;
439 case rs_machine_dependent:
441 md_convert_frag (stdoutput, sec, fragP);
443 md_convert_frag (headers, fragP);
446 assert (fragP->fr_next == NULL || (fragP->fr_next->fr_address - fragP->fr_address == fragP->fr_fix));
449 * After md_convert_frag, we make the frag into a ".space 0".
450 * Md_convert_frag() should set up any fixSs and constants
456 #ifndef WORKING_DOT_WORD
459 struct broken_word *lie;
461 if (fragP->fr_subtype)
463 fragP->fr_fix += md_short_jump_size;
464 for (lie = (struct broken_word *) (fragP->fr_symbol);
465 lie && lie->dispfrag == fragP;
466 lie = lie->next_broken_word)
468 fragP->fr_fix += md_long_jump_size;
476 BAD_CASE (fragP->fr_type);
481 #endif /* defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) || !defined (BFD) */
485 relax_and_size_seg (abfd, sec, xxx)
492 segment_info_type *seginfo;
494 valueT size, newsize;
496 flags = bfd_get_section_flags (abfd, sec);
498 seginfo = seg_info (sec);
499 if (seginfo && seginfo->frchainP)
501 relax_segment (seginfo->frchainP->frch_root, sec);
502 for (fragp = seginfo->frchainP->frch_root; fragp; fragp = fragp->fr_next)
503 cvt_frag_to_fill (sec, fragp);
504 for (fragp = seginfo->frchainP->frch_root;
506 fragp = fragp->fr_next)
507 /* walk to last elt */;
508 size = fragp->fr_address + fragp->fr_fix;
513 if (size > 0 && ! seginfo->bss)
514 flags |= SEC_HAS_CONTENTS;
516 /* @@ This is just an approximation. */
517 if (seginfo && seginfo->fix_root)
521 x = bfd_set_section_flags (abfd, sec, flags);
524 newsize = md_section_align (sec, size);
525 x = bfd_set_section_size (abfd, sec, newsize);
528 /* If the size had to be rounded up, add some padding in the last
530 assert (newsize >= size);
533 fragS *last = seginfo->frchainP->frch_last;
534 fragp = seginfo->frchainP->frch_root;
535 while (fragp->fr_next != last)
536 fragp = fragp->fr_next;
537 last->fr_address = size;
538 fragp->fr_offset += newsize - size;
541 #ifdef tc_frob_section
542 tc_frob_section (sec);
544 #ifdef obj_frob_section
545 obj_frob_section (sec);
551 dump_section_relocs (abfd, sec, stream_)
556 FILE *stream = (FILE *) stream_;
557 segment_info_type *seginfo = seg_info (sec);
558 fixS *fixp = seginfo->fix_root;
563 fprintf (stream, "sec %s relocs:\n", sec->name);
566 symbolS *s = fixp->fx_addsy;
569 fprintf (stream, " %08x: %s(%s", fixp, S_GET_NAME (s),
570 s->bsym->section->name);
571 if (s->bsym->flags & BSF_SECTION_SYM)
573 fprintf (stream, " section sym");
575 fprintf (stream, "+%x", S_GET_VALUE (s));
578 fprintf (stream, "+%x", S_GET_VALUE (s));
579 fprintf (stream, ")+%x\n", fixp->fx_offset);
582 fprintf (stream, " %08x: type %d no sym\n", fixp, fixp->fx_r_type);
583 fixp = fixp->fx_next;
587 #define dump_section_relocs(ABFD,SEC,STREAM) (void)(ABFD,SEC,STREAM)
590 #ifndef EMIT_SECTION_SYMBOLS
591 #define EMIT_SECTION_SYMBOLS 1
595 adjust_reloc_syms (abfd, sec, xxx)
600 segment_info_type *seginfo = seg_info (sec);
606 dump_section_relocs (abfd, sec, stderr);
608 for (fixp = seginfo->fix_root; fixp; fixp = fixp->fx_next)
611 else if (fixp->fx_addsy)
619 fprintf (stderr, "\n\nadjusting fixup:\n");
623 sym = fixp->fx_addsy;
624 symsec = sym->bsym->section;
626 /* If it's one of these sections, assume the symbol is
627 definitely going to be output. The code in
628 md_estimate_size_before_relax in tc-mips.c uses this test
629 as well, so if you change this code you should look at that
631 if (bfd_is_und_section (symsec)
632 || bfd_is_abs_section (symsec)
633 || bfd_is_com_section (symsec))
635 fixp->fx_addsy->sy_used_in_reloc = 1;
639 /* Since we're reducing to section symbols, don't attempt to reduce
640 anything that's already using one. */
641 if (sym->bsym->flags & BSF_SECTION_SYM)
643 fixp->fx_addsy->sy_used_in_reloc = 1;
647 /* Is there some other reason we can't adjust this one? (E.g.,
648 call/bal links in i960-bout symbols.) */
649 #ifdef obj_fix_adjustable
650 if (! obj_fix_adjustable (fixp))
652 fixp->fx_addsy->sy_used_in_reloc = 1;
657 /* Is there some other (target cpu dependent) reason we can't adjust
658 this one? (E.g. relocations involving function addresses on
660 #ifdef tc_fix_adjustable
661 if (! tc_fix_adjustable (fixp))
663 fixp->fx_addsy->sy_used_in_reloc = 1;
668 /* For PIC support: We may get expressions like
669 "_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_+(.-L5)" where "." and "L5" may not
670 necessarily have had a fixed difference initially. But now
671 it should be a known constant, so we can reduce it. Since
672 we can't easily handle a symbol value that looks like
673 someUndefinedSymbol+const, though, we convert the fixup to
674 access the undefined symbol directly, and discard the
675 intermediate symbol. */
676 if (S_GET_SEGMENT (sym) == expr_section
677 && sym->sy_value.X_op == O_add
678 && (resolve_symbol_value (sym->sy_value.X_add_symbol),
679 S_GET_SEGMENT (sym->sy_value.X_add_symbol) == undefined_section)
680 && (resolve_symbol_value (sym->sy_value.X_op_symbol),
681 S_GET_SEGMENT (sym->sy_value.X_op_symbol) == absolute_section))
683 fixp->fx_offset += S_GET_VALUE (sym->sy_value.X_op_symbol);
684 fixp->fx_offset += sym->sy_value.X_add_number;
685 fixp->fx_addsy = sym->sy_value.X_add_symbol;
689 /* If the section symbol isn't going to be output, the relocs
690 at least should still work. If not, figure out what to do
691 when we run into that case. */
692 fixp->fx_offset += S_GET_VALUE (sym);
693 fixp->fx_addsy = section_symbol (symsec);
694 fixp->fx_addsy->sy_used_in_reloc = 1;
699 #if 1/*def RELOC_REQUIRES_SYMBOL*/
702 /* There was no symbol required by this relocation. However,
703 BFD doesn't really handle relocations without symbols well.
704 (At least, the COFF support doesn't.) So for now we fake up
705 a local symbol in the absolute section. */
707 fixp->fx_addsy = section_symbol (absolute_section);
708 /* fixp->fx_addsy->sy_used_in_reloc = 1; */
712 dump_section_relocs (abfd, sec, stderr);
716 write_relocs (abfd, sec, xxx)
721 segment_info_type *seginfo = seg_info (sec);
728 /* If seginfo is NULL, we did not create this section; don't do
733 fixup_segment (seginfo->fix_root, sec);
736 for (fixp = seginfo->fix_root; fixp; fixp = fixp->fx_next)
739 #ifndef RELOC_EXPANSION_POSSIBLE
740 /* Set up reloc information as well. */
741 relocs = (arelent **) bfd_alloc_by_size_t (stdoutput,
742 n * sizeof (arelent *));
743 memset ((char*)relocs, 0, n * sizeof (arelent*));
746 for (fixp = seginfo->fix_root; fixp != (fixS *) NULL; fixp = fixp->fx_next)
749 bfd_reloc_status_type s;
756 reloc = tc_gen_reloc (sec, fixp);
762 if (fixp->fx_where + fixp->fx_size
763 > fixp->fx_frag->fr_fix + fixp->fx_frag->fr_offset)
766 s = bfd_install_relocation (stdoutput, reloc,
767 fixp->fx_frag->fr_literal,
768 fixp->fx_frag->fr_address,
774 case bfd_reloc_overflow:
775 as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line, "relocation overflow");
778 as_fatal ("%s:%u: bad return from bfd_perform_relocation",
779 fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line);
784 n = n * MAX_RELOC_EXPANSION;
785 /* Set up reloc information as well. */
786 relocs = (arelent **) bfd_alloc_by_size_t (stdoutput,
787 n * sizeof (arelent *));
790 for (fixp = seginfo->fix_root; fixp != (fixS *) NULL; fixp = fixp->fx_next)
794 bfd_reloc_status_type s;
802 reloc = tc_gen_reloc (sec, fixp);
804 for (j = 0; reloc[j]; j++)
806 relocs[i++] = reloc[j];
809 data = fixp->fx_frag->fr_literal + fixp->fx_where;
810 if (fixp->fx_where + fixp->fx_size
811 > fixp->fx_frag->fr_fix + fixp->fx_frag->fr_offset)
813 for (j = 0; reloc[j]; j++)
815 s = bfd_install_relocation (stdoutput, reloc[j],
816 fixp->fx_frag->fr_literal,
817 fixp->fx_frag->fr_address,
823 case bfd_reloc_overflow:
824 as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
825 "relocation overflow");
828 as_fatal ("%s:%u: bad return from bfd_perform_relocation",
829 fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line);
840 sympp = bfd_get_outsymbols (stdoutput);
841 nsyms = bfd_get_symcount (stdoutput);
842 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
843 if (((*relocs[i]->sym_ptr_ptr)->flags & BSF_SECTION_SYM) == 0)
845 for (j = 0; j < nsyms; j++)
846 if (sympp[j] == *relocs[i]->sym_ptr_ptr)
855 bfd_set_reloc (stdoutput, sec, relocs, n);
857 bfd_set_section_flags (abfd, sec,
858 (bfd_get_section_flags (abfd, sec)
859 & (flagword) ~SEC_RELOC));
866 fprintf (stderr, "relocs for sec %s\n", sec->name);
867 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
871 fprintf (stderr, " reloc %2d @%08x off %4x : sym %-10s addend %x\n",
872 i, r, r->address, s->name, r->addend);
879 write_contents (abfd, sec, xxx)
884 segment_info_type *seginfo = seg_info (sec);
885 unsigned long offset = 0;
888 /* Write out the frags. */
890 || ! (bfd_get_section_flags (abfd, sec) & SEC_HAS_CONTENTS))
893 for (f = seginfo->frchainP->frch_root;
898 unsigned long fill_size;
902 assert (f->fr_type == rs_fill);
905 x = bfd_set_section_contents (stdoutput, sec,
906 f->fr_literal, (file_ptr) offset,
907 (bfd_size_type) f->fr_fix);
910 bfd_perror (stdoutput->filename);
911 as_perror ("FATAL: Can't write %s", stdoutput->filename);
916 fill_literal = f->fr_literal + f->fr_fix;
917 fill_size = f->fr_var;
918 count = f->fr_offset;
920 if (fill_size && count)
921 #ifdef BFD_FAST_SECTION_FILL
924 if (fill_size > sizeof(buf)) {
925 /* Do it the old way. Can this ever happen? */
928 x = bfd_set_section_contents (stdoutput, sec,
929 fill_literal, (file_ptr) offset,
930 (bfd_size_type) fill_size);
933 bfd_perror (stdoutput->filename);
934 as_perror ("FATAL: Can't write %s", stdoutput->filename);
941 /* Build a buffer full of fill objects and output it as
942 * often as necessary. This saves on the overhead of potentially
943 * lots of bfd_set_section_contents calls.
945 int n_per_buf, bytes, i;
948 n_per_buf = sizeof (buf);
949 memset (buf, *fill_literal, n_per_buf);
954 n_per_buf = sizeof(buf)/fill_size;
955 for (i = n_per_buf, bufp = buf; i; i--, bufp += fill_size)
956 memcpy(bufp, fill_literal, fill_size);
958 for (; count > 0; count -= n_per_buf)
960 n_per_buf = n_per_buf > count ? count : n_per_buf;
961 x = bfd_set_section_contents (stdoutput, sec,
962 buf, (file_ptr) offset,
963 (bfd_size_type) n_per_buf * fill_size);
965 offset += n_per_buf * fill_size;
972 x = bfd_set_section_contents (stdoutput, sec,
973 fill_literal, (file_ptr) offset,
974 (bfd_size_type) fill_size);
983 #if defined(BFD_ASSEMBLER) || (!defined (BFD) && !defined(OBJ_AOUT))
985 merge_data_into_text ()
987 #if defined(BFD_ASSEMBLER) || defined(MANY_SEGMENTS)
988 seg_info (text_section)->frchainP->frch_last->fr_next =
989 seg_info (data_section)->frchainP->frch_root;
990 seg_info (text_section)->frchainP->frch_last =
991 seg_info (data_section)->frchainP->frch_last;
992 seg_info (data_section)->frchainP = 0;
996 text_last_frag->fr_next = data_frag_root;
997 text_last_frag = data_last_frag;
998 data_last_frag = NULL;
999 data_frag_root = NULL;
1002 for (tmp = text_fix_root; tmp->fx_next; tmp = tmp->fx_next);;
1003 tmp->fx_next = data_fix_root;
1004 text_fix_tail = data_fix_tail;
1007 text_fix_root = data_fix_root;
1008 data_fix_root = NULL;
1011 #endif /* BFD_ASSEMBLER || (! BFD && ! OBJ_AOUT) */
1013 #if !defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) && !defined (BFD)
1015 relax_and_size_all_segments ()
1019 relax_segment (text_frag_root, SEG_TEXT);
1020 relax_segment (data_frag_root, SEG_DATA);
1021 relax_segment (bss_frag_root, SEG_BSS);
1023 * Now the addresses of frags are correct within the segment.
1026 know (text_last_frag->fr_type == rs_fill && text_last_frag->fr_offset == 0);
1027 H_SET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers, text_last_frag->fr_address);
1028 text_last_frag->fr_address = H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers);
1031 * Join the 2 segments into 1 huge segment.
1032 * To do this, re-compute every rn_address in the SEG_DATA frags.
1033 * Then join the data frags after the text frags.
1035 * Determine a_data [length of data segment].
1039 register relax_addressT slide;
1041 know ((text_last_frag->fr_type == rs_fill) && (text_last_frag->fr_offset == 0));
1043 H_SET_DATA_SIZE (&headers, data_last_frag->fr_address);
1044 data_last_frag->fr_address = H_GET_DATA_SIZE (&headers);
1045 slide = H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers); /* & in file of the data segment. */
1047 #define RoundUp(N,S) (((N)+(S)-1)&-(S))
1048 /* For b.out: If the data section has a strict alignment
1049 requirement, its load address in the .o file will be
1050 rounded up from the size of the text section. These
1051 two values are *not* the same! Similarly for the bss
1053 slide = RoundUp (slide, 1 << section_alignment[SEG_DATA]);
1056 for (fragP = data_frag_root; fragP; fragP = fragP->fr_next)
1058 fragP->fr_address += slide;
1059 } /* for each data frag */
1061 know (text_last_frag != 0);
1062 text_last_frag->fr_next = data_frag_root;
1066 H_SET_DATA_SIZE (&headers, 0);
1070 /* See above comments on b.out data section address. */
1073 if (data_last_frag == 0)
1074 bss_vma = H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers);
1076 bss_vma = data_last_frag->fr_address;
1077 bss_vma = RoundUp (bss_vma, 1 << section_alignment[SEG_BSS]);
1078 bss_address_frag.fr_address = bss_vma;
1080 #else /* ! OBJ_BOUT */
1081 bss_address_frag.fr_address = (H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers) +
1082 H_GET_DATA_SIZE (&headers));
1084 #endif /* ! OBJ_BOUT */
1086 /* Slide all the frags */
1089 relax_addressT slide = bss_address_frag.fr_address;
1091 for (fragP = bss_frag_root; fragP; fragP = fragP->fr_next)
1093 fragP->fr_address += slide;
1094 } /* for each bss frag */
1098 H_SET_BSS_SIZE (&headers,
1099 bss_last_frag->fr_address - bss_frag_root->fr_address);
1101 H_SET_BSS_SIZE (&headers, 0);
1103 #endif /* ! BFD_ASSEMBLER && ! BFD */
1105 #if defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) || !defined (BFD)
1107 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
1115 extern PTR bfd_alloc PARAMS ((bfd *, size_t));
1117 /* Count symbols. We can't rely on a count made by the loop in
1118 write_object_file, because *_frob_file may add a new symbol or
1121 for (symp = symbol_rootP; symp; symp = symbol_next (symp))
1128 asympp = (asymbol **) bfd_alloc (stdoutput,
1129 nsyms * sizeof (asymbol *));
1130 symp = symbol_rootP;
1131 for (i = 0; i < nsyms; i++, symp = symbol_next (symp))
1133 asympp[i] = symp->bsym;
1139 result = bfd_set_symtab (stdoutput, asympp, nsyms);
1140 assert (result == true);
1141 symbol_table_frozen = 1;
1146 write_object_file ()
1148 struct frchain *frchainP; /* Track along all frchains. */
1149 #if ! defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) || ! defined (WORKING_DOT_WORD)
1150 fragS *fragP; /* Track along all frags. */
1153 /* Do we really want to write it? */
1155 int n_warns, n_errs;
1156 n_warns = had_warnings ();
1157 n_errs = had_errors ();
1158 /* The -Z flag indicates that an object file should be generated,
1159 regardless of warnings and errors. */
1160 if (flag_always_generate_output)
1162 if (n_warns || n_errs)
1163 as_warn ("%d error%s, %d warning%s, generating bad object file.\n",
1164 n_errs, n_errs == 1 ? "" : "s",
1165 n_warns, n_warns == 1 ? "" : "s");
1170 as_fatal ("%d error%s, %d warning%s, no object file generated.\n",
1171 n_errs, n_errs == 1 ? "" : "s",
1172 n_warns, n_warns == 1 ? "" : "s");
1177 /* Under VMS we try to be compatible with VAX-11 "C". Thus, we call
1178 a routine to check for the definition of the procedure "_main",
1179 and if so -- fix it up so that it can be program entry point. */
1180 VMS_Check_For_Main ();
1183 /* After every sub-segment, we fake an ".align ...". This conforms to
1184 BSD4.2 brane-damage. We then fake ".fill 0" because that is the kind of
1185 frag that requires least thought. ".align" frags like to have a
1186 following frag since that makes calculating their intended length
1189 @@ Is this really necessary?? */
1190 #ifndef SUB_SEGMENT_ALIGN
1191 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
1192 #define SUB_SEGMENT_ALIGN(SEG) (0)
1194 #define SUB_SEGMENT_ALIGN(SEG) (2)
1197 for (frchainP = frchain_root; frchainP; frchainP = frchainP->frch_next)
1199 subseg_set (frchainP->frch_seg, frchainP->frch_subseg);
1200 frag_align (SUB_SEGMENT_ALIGN (now_seg), NOP_OPCODE);
1201 /* frag_align will have left a new frag.
1202 Use this last frag for an empty ".fill".
1204 For this segment ...
1205 Create a last frag. Do not leave a "being filled in frag". */
1206 frag_wane (frag_now);
1207 frag_now->fr_fix = 0;
1208 know (frag_now->fr_next == NULL);
1211 /* From now on, we don't care about sub-segments. Build one frag chain
1212 for each segment. Linked thru fr_next. */
1214 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
1215 /* Remove the sections created by gas for its own purposes. */
1217 asection **seclist, *sec;
1220 seclist = &stdoutput->sections;
1221 while (seclist && *seclist)
1224 while (sec == reg_section || sec == expr_section)
1228 stdoutput->section_count--;
1233 seclist = &(*seclist)->next;
1236 bfd_map_over_sections (stdoutput, renumber_sections, &i);
1239 bfd_map_over_sections (stdoutput, chain_frchains_together, (char *) 0);
1241 remove_subsegs (frchain_root, SEG_TEXT, &text_frag_root, &text_last_frag);
1242 remove_subsegs (data0_frchainP, SEG_DATA, &data_frag_root, &data_last_frag);
1243 remove_subsegs (bss0_frchainP, SEG_BSS, &bss_frag_root, &bss_last_frag);
1246 /* We have two segments. If user gave -R flag, then we must put the
1247 data frags into the text segment. Do this before relaxing so
1248 we know to take advantage of -R and make shorter addresses. */
1249 #if !defined (OBJ_AOUT) || defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER)
1250 if (flag_readonly_data_in_text)
1252 merge_data_into_text ();
1256 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
1257 bfd_map_over_sections (stdoutput, relax_and_size_seg, (char *) 0);
1259 relax_and_size_all_segments ();
1260 #endif /* BFD_ASSEMBLER */
1262 #ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
1265 * Crawl the symbol chain.
1267 * For each symbol whose value depends on a frag, take the address of
1268 * that frag and subsume it into the value of the symbol.
1269 * After this, there is just one way to lookup a symbol value.
1270 * Values are left in their final state for object file emission.
1271 * We adjust the values of 'L' local symbols, even if we do
1272 * not intend to emit them to the object file, because their values
1273 * are needed for fix-ups.
1275 * Unless we saw a -L flag, remove all symbols that begin with 'L'
1276 * from the symbol chain. (They are still pointed to by the fixes.)
1278 * Count the remaining symbols.
1279 * Assign a symbol number to each symbol.
1280 * Count the number of string-table chars we will emit.
1281 * Put this info into the headers as appropriate.
1284 know (zero_address_frag.fr_address == 0);
1285 string_byte_count = sizeof (string_byte_count);
1287 obj_crawl_symbol_chain (&headers);
1289 if (string_byte_count == sizeof (string_byte_count))
1290 string_byte_count = 0;
1292 H_SET_STRING_SIZE (&headers, string_byte_count);
1295 * Addresses of frags now reflect addresses we use in the object file.
1296 * Symbol values are correct.
1297 * Scan the frags, converting any ".org"s and ".align"s to ".fill"s.
1298 * Also converting any machine-dependent frags using md_convert_frag();
1300 subseg_change (SEG_TEXT, 0);
1302 for (fragP = text_frag_root; fragP; fragP = fragP->fr_next)
1304 cvt_frag_to_fill (&headers, fragP);
1306 /* Some assert macros don't work with # directives mixed in. */
1308 if (!(fragP->fr_next == NULL
1310 || fragP->fr_next == data_frag_root
1312 || ((fragP->fr_next->fr_address - fragP->fr_address)
1313 == (fragP->fr_fix + fragP->fr_offset * fragP->fr_var))))
1317 #endif /* ! BFD_ASSEMBLER */
1319 #ifndef WORKING_DOT_WORD
1321 struct broken_word *lie;
1322 struct broken_word **prevP;
1324 prevP = &broken_words;
1325 for (lie = broken_words; lie; lie = lie->next_broken_word)
1330 exp.X_op = O_subtract;
1331 exp.X_add_symbol = lie->add;
1332 exp.X_op_symbol = lie->sub;
1333 exp.X_add_number = lie->addnum;
1334 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
1335 #ifdef TC_CONS_FIX_NEW
1336 TC_CONS_FIX_NEW (lie->frag,
1337 lie->word_goes_here - lie->frag->fr_literal,
1340 fix_new_exp (lie->frag,
1341 lie->word_goes_here - lie->frag->fr_literal,
1342 2, &exp, 0, BFD_RELOC_NONE);
1345 #if defined(TC_SPARC) || defined(TC_A29K) || defined(NEED_FX_R_TYPE)
1346 fix_new_exp (lie->frag,
1347 lie->word_goes_here - lie->frag->fr_literal,
1348 2, &exp, 0, NO_RELOC);
1351 fix_new_ns32k_exp (lie->frag,
1352 lie->word_goes_here - lie->frag->fr_literal,
1353 2, &exp, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0);
1355 fix_new_exp (lie->frag,
1356 lie->word_goes_here - lie->frag->fr_literal,
1358 #endif /* TC_NS32K */
1359 #endif /* TC_SPARC|TC_A29K|NEED_FX_R_TYPE */
1360 #endif /* BFD_ASSEMBLER */
1361 *prevP = lie->next_broken_word;
1364 prevP = &(lie->next_broken_word);
1366 for (lie = broken_words; lie;)
1368 struct broken_word *untruth;
1370 addressT table_addr;
1371 addressT from_addr, to_addr;
1374 fragP = lie->dispfrag;
1376 /* Find out how many broken_words go here. */
1378 for (untruth = lie; untruth && untruth->dispfrag == fragP; untruth = untruth->next_broken_word)
1379 if (untruth->added == 1)
1382 table_ptr = lie->dispfrag->fr_opcode;
1383 table_addr = lie->dispfrag->fr_address + (table_ptr - lie->dispfrag->fr_literal);
1384 /* Create the jump around the long jumps. This is a short
1385 jump from table_ptr+0 to table_ptr+n*long_jump_size. */
1386 from_addr = table_addr;
1387 to_addr = table_addr + md_short_jump_size + n * md_long_jump_size;
1388 md_create_short_jump (table_ptr, from_addr, to_addr, lie->dispfrag, lie->add);
1389 table_ptr += md_short_jump_size;
1390 table_addr += md_short_jump_size;
1392 for (m = 0; lie && lie->dispfrag == fragP; m++, lie = lie->next_broken_word)
1394 if (lie->added == 2)
1396 /* Patch the jump table */
1397 /* This is the offset from ??? to table_ptr+0 */
1398 to_addr = table_addr - S_GET_VALUE (lie->sub);
1399 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
1400 to_addr -= lie->sub->sy_frag->fr_address;
1402 md_number_to_chars (lie->word_goes_here, to_addr, 2);
1403 for (untruth = lie->next_broken_word; untruth && untruth->dispfrag == fragP; untruth = untruth->next_broken_word)
1405 if (untruth->use_jump == lie)
1406 md_number_to_chars (untruth->word_goes_here, to_addr, 2);
1409 /* Install the long jump */
1410 /* this is a long jump from table_ptr+0 to the final target */
1411 from_addr = table_addr;
1412 to_addr = S_GET_VALUE (lie->add) + lie->addnum;
1413 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
1414 to_addr += lie->add->sy_frag->fr_address;
1416 md_create_long_jump (table_ptr, from_addr, to_addr, lie->dispfrag, lie->add);
1417 table_ptr += md_long_jump_size;
1418 table_addr += md_long_jump_size;
1422 #endif /* not WORKING_DOT_WORD */
1424 #ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
1427 long object_file_size;
1429 * Scan every FixS performing fixups. We had to wait until now to do
1430 * this because md_convert_frag() may have made some fixSs.
1434 subseg_change (SEG_TEXT, 0);
1435 trsize = md_reloc_size * fixup_segment (text_fix_root, SEG_TEXT);
1436 subseg_change (SEG_DATA, 0);
1437 drsize = md_reloc_size * fixup_segment (data_fix_root, SEG_DATA);
1438 H_SET_RELOCATION_SIZE (&headers, trsize, drsize);
1440 /* FIXME move this stuff into the pre-write-hook */
1441 H_SET_MAGIC_NUMBER (&headers, magic_number_for_object_file);
1442 H_SET_ENTRY_POINT (&headers, 0);
1444 obj_pre_write_hook (&headers); /* extra coff stuff */
1446 object_file_size = H_GET_FILE_SIZE (&headers);
1447 next_object_file_charP = the_object_file = xmalloc (object_file_size);
1449 output_file_create (out_file_name);
1451 obj_header_append (&next_object_file_charP, &headers);
1453 know ((next_object_file_charP - the_object_file) == H_GET_HEADER_SIZE (&headers));
1458 for (fragP = text_frag_root; fragP; fragP = fragP->fr_next)
1460 register long count;
1461 register char *fill_literal;
1462 register long fill_size;
1464 know (fragP->fr_type == rs_fill);
1465 append (&next_object_file_charP, fragP->fr_literal, (unsigned long) fragP->fr_fix);
1466 fill_literal = fragP->fr_literal + fragP->fr_fix;
1467 fill_size = fragP->fr_var;
1468 know (fragP->fr_offset >= 0);
1470 for (count = fragP->fr_offset; count; count--)
1472 append (&next_object_file_charP, fill_literal, (unsigned long) fill_size);
1475 } /* for each code frag. */
1477 know ((next_object_file_charP - the_object_file) == (H_GET_HEADER_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_DATA_SIZE (&headers)));
1482 obj_emit_relocations (&next_object_file_charP, text_fix_root, (relax_addressT) 0);
1483 know ((next_object_file_charP - the_object_file) == (H_GET_HEADER_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_DATA_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_TEXT_RELOCATION_SIZE (&headers)));
1485 /* Make addresses in data relocation directives relative to beginning of
1486 * first data fragment, not end of last text fragment: alignment of the
1487 * start of the data segment may place a gap between the segments.
1489 obj_emit_relocations (&next_object_file_charP, data_fix_root, data0_frchainP->frch_root->fr_address);
1491 obj_emit_relocations (&next_object_file_charP, data_fix_root, text_last_frag->fr_address);
1492 #endif /* TC_I960 */
1494 know ((next_object_file_charP - the_object_file) == (H_GET_HEADER_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_DATA_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_TEXT_RELOCATION_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_DATA_RELOCATION_SIZE (&headers)));
1497 * Emit line number entries.
1499 OBJ_EMIT_LINENO (&next_object_file_charP, lineno_rootP, the_object_file);
1500 know ((next_object_file_charP - the_object_file) == (H_GET_HEADER_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_DATA_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_TEXT_RELOCATION_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_DATA_RELOCATION_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_LINENO_SIZE (&headers)));
1505 obj_emit_symbols (&next_object_file_charP, symbol_rootP);
1506 know ((next_object_file_charP - the_object_file) == (H_GET_HEADER_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_DATA_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_TEXT_RELOCATION_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_DATA_RELOCATION_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_LINENO_SIZE (&headers) + H_GET_SYMBOL_TABLE_SIZE (&headers)));
1512 if (string_byte_count > 0)
1514 obj_emit_strings (&next_object_file_charP);
1515 } /* only if we have a string table */
1518 bfd_seek (stdoutput, 0, 0);
1519 bfd_write (the_object_file, 1, object_file_size, stdoutput);
1522 /* Write the data to the file */
1523 output_file_append (the_object_file, object_file_size, out_file_name);
1525 } /* non vms output */
1528 * Now do the VMS-dependent part of writing the object file
1530 VMS_write_object_file (H_GET_TEXT_SIZE (&headers),
1531 H_GET_DATA_SIZE (&headers),
1532 H_GET_BSS_SIZE (&headers),
1533 text_frag_root, data_frag_root);
1535 #else /* BFD_ASSEMBLER */
1537 /* Resolve symbol values. This needs to be done before processing
1543 for (symp = symbol_rootP; symp; symp = symbol_next (symp))
1544 if (!symp->sy_resolved)
1545 resolve_symbol_value (symp);
1548 bfd_map_over_sections (stdoutput, adjust_reloc_syms, (char *)0);
1550 /* Set up symbol table, and write it out. */
1555 for (symp = symbol_rootP; symp; symp = symbol_next (symp))
1559 /* Do it again, because adjust_reloc_syms might introduce
1560 more symbols. They'll probably only be section symbols,
1561 but they'll still need to have the values computed. */
1562 if (! symp->sy_resolved)
1564 if (symp->sy_value.X_op == O_constant)
1566 /* This is the normal case; skip the call. */
1569 + symp->sy_frag->fr_address));
1570 symp->sy_resolved = 1;
1573 resolve_symbol_value (symp);
1576 /* So far, common symbols have been treated like undefined symbols.
1577 Put them in the common section now. */
1578 if (S_IS_DEFINED (symp) == 0
1579 && S_GET_VALUE (symp) != 0)
1580 S_SET_SEGMENT (symp, bfd_com_section_ptr);
1582 printf ("symbol `%s'\n\t@%x: value=%d flags=%x seg=%s\n",
1583 S_GET_NAME (symp), symp,
1586 segment_name (symp->bsym->section));
1589 #ifdef obj_frob_symbol
1590 obj_frob_symbol (symp, punt);
1592 #ifdef tc_frob_symbol
1593 if (! punt || symp->sy_used_in_reloc)
1594 tc_frob_symbol (symp, punt);
1597 /* If we don't want to keep this symbol, splice it out of
1598 the chain now. If EMIT_SECTION_SYMBOLS is 0, we never
1599 want section symbols. Otherwise, we skip local symbols
1600 and symbols that the frob_symbol macros told us to punt,
1601 but we keep such symbols if they are used in relocs. */
1602 if ((! EMIT_SECTION_SYMBOLS
1603 && (symp->bsym->flags & BSF_SECTION_SYM) != 0)
1604 /* Note that S_IS_EXTERN and S_IS_LOCAL are not always
1605 opposites. Sometimes the former checks flags and the
1606 latter examines the name... */
1607 || (!S_IS_EXTERN (symp)
1608 && (S_IS_LOCAL (symp) || punt)
1609 && ! symp->sy_used_in_reloc))
1611 symbol_remove (symp, &symbol_rootP, &symbol_lastP);
1612 /* After symbol_remove, symbol_next(symp) still returns
1613 the one that came after it in the chain. So we don't
1614 need to do any extra cleanup work here. */
1619 /* Make sure we really got a value for the symbol. */
1620 if (! symp->sy_resolved)
1622 as_bad ("can't resolve value for symbol \"%s\"",
1624 symp->sy_resolved = 1;
1627 /* Set the value into the BFD symbol. Up til now the value
1628 has only been kept in the gas symbolS struct. */
1629 symp->bsym->value = S_GET_VALUE (symp);
1633 /* Now do any format-specific adjustments to the symbol table, such
1634 as adding file symbols. */
1635 #ifdef obj_adjust_symtab
1636 obj_adjust_symtab ();
1639 /* Now that all the sizes are known, and contents correct, we can
1640 start writing to the file. */
1643 /* If *_frob_file changes the symbol value at this point, it is
1644 responsible for moving the changed value into symp->bsym->value
1645 as well. Hopefully all symbol value changing can be done in
1650 #ifdef obj_frob_file
1654 bfd_map_over_sections (stdoutput, write_relocs, (char *) 0);
1656 bfd_map_over_sections (stdoutput, write_contents, (char *) 0);
1657 #endif /* BFD_ASSEMBLER */
1664 * Now we have a segment, not a crowd of sub-segments, we can make fr_address
1669 * After this, all frags in this segment have addresses that are correct
1670 * within the segment. Since segments live in different file addresses,
1671 * these frag addresses may not be the same as final object-file addresses.
1674 #ifndef md_relax_frag
1676 /* Subroutines of relax_segment. */
1682 for (; f1; f1 = f1->fr_next)
1683 if (f1->fr_next == f2)
1688 #endif /* ! defined (md_relax_frag) */
1690 /* Relax_align. Advance location counter to next address that has 'alignment'
1691 lowest order bits all 0s, return size of adjustment made. */
1692 static relax_addressT
1693 relax_align (address, alignment)
1694 register relax_addressT address; /* Address now. */
1695 register int alignment; /* Alignment (binary). */
1697 relax_addressT mask;
1698 relax_addressT new_address;
1700 mask = ~((~0) << alignment);
1701 new_address = (address + mask) & (~mask);
1703 /* We must provide lots of padding, so the linker can discard it
1704 when needed. The linker will not add extra space, ever. */
1705 new_address += (1 << alignment);
1706 return (new_address - address);
1710 relax_segment (segment_frag_root, segment)
1711 struct frag *segment_frag_root;
1714 register struct frag *fragP;
1715 register relax_addressT address;
1716 #if !defined (MANY_SEGMENTS) && !defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER)
1717 know (segment == SEG_DATA || segment == SEG_TEXT || segment == SEG_BSS);
1719 /* In case md_estimate_size_before_relax() wants to make fixSs. */
1720 subseg_change (segment, 0);
1722 /* For each frag in segment: count and store (a 1st guess of)
1725 for (fragP = segment_frag_root; fragP; fragP = fragP->fr_next)
1727 fragP->fr_address = address;
1728 address += fragP->fr_fix;
1730 switch (fragP->fr_type)
1733 address += fragP->fr_offset * fragP->fr_var;
1739 int offset = relax_align (address, (int) fragP->fr_offset);
1740 if (offset % fragP->fr_var != 0)
1742 as_bad ("alignment padding (%d bytes) not a multiple of %ld",
1743 offset, (long) fragP->fr_var);
1744 offset -= (offset % fragP->fr_var);
1752 /* Assume .org is nugatory. It will grow with 1st relax. */
1755 case rs_machine_dependent:
1756 address += md_estimate_size_before_relax (fragP, segment);
1759 #ifndef WORKING_DOT_WORD
1760 /* Broken words don't concern us yet */
1761 case rs_broken_word:
1766 BAD_CASE (fragP->fr_type);
1768 } /* switch(fr_type) */
1769 } /* for each frag in the segment */
1773 long stretch; /* May be any size, 0 or negative. */
1774 /* Cumulative number of addresses we have */
1775 /* relaxed this pass. */
1776 /* We may have relaxed more than one address. */
1777 long stretched; /* Have we stretched on this pass? */
1778 /* This is 'cuz stretch may be zero, when, in fact some piece of code
1779 grew, and another shrank. If a branch instruction doesn't fit anymore,
1780 we could be scrod. */
1784 stretch = stretched = 0;
1785 for (fragP = segment_frag_root; fragP; fragP = fragP->fr_next)
1788 unsigned long was_address;
1794 was_address = fragP->fr_address;
1795 address = fragP->fr_address += stretch;
1796 symbolP = fragP->fr_symbol;
1797 offset = fragP->fr_offset;
1799 switch (fragP->fr_type)
1801 case rs_fill: /* .fill never relaxes. */
1805 #ifndef WORKING_DOT_WORD
1806 /* JF: This is RMS's idea. I do *NOT* want to be blamed
1807 for it I do not want to write it. I do not want to have
1808 anything to do with it. This is not the proper way to
1809 implement this misfeature. */
1810 case rs_broken_word:
1812 struct broken_word *lie;
1813 struct broken_word *untruth;
1815 /* Yes this is ugly (storing the broken_word pointer
1816 in the symbol slot). Still, this whole chunk of
1817 code is ugly, and I don't feel like doing anything
1818 about it. Think of it as stubbornness in action. */
1820 for (lie = (struct broken_word *) (fragP->fr_symbol);
1821 lie && lie->dispfrag == fragP;
1822 lie = lie->next_broken_word)
1828 offset = (lie->add->sy_frag->fr_address
1829 + S_GET_VALUE (lie->add)
1831 - (lie->sub->sy_frag->fr_address
1832 + S_GET_VALUE (lie->sub)));
1833 if (offset <= -32768 || offset >= 32767)
1835 if (flag_warn_displacement)
1838 sprint_value (buf, (addressT) lie->addnum);
1839 as_warn (".word %s-%s+%s didn't fit",
1840 S_GET_NAME (lie->add),
1841 S_GET_NAME (lie->sub),
1845 if (fragP->fr_subtype == 0)
1847 fragP->fr_subtype++;
1848 growth += md_short_jump_size;
1850 for (untruth = lie->next_broken_word;
1851 untruth && untruth->dispfrag == lie->dispfrag;
1852 untruth = untruth->next_broken_word)
1853 if ((untruth->add->sy_frag == lie->add->sy_frag)
1854 && S_GET_VALUE (untruth->add) == S_GET_VALUE (lie->add))
1857 untruth->use_jump = lie;
1859 growth += md_long_jump_size;
1864 } /* case rs_broken_word */
1868 growth = (relax_align ((relax_addressT) (address
1871 - relax_align ((relax_addressT) (was_address
1881 #if !defined (MANY_SEGMENTS) && !defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER)
1882 know ((S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == SEG_ABSOLUTE)
1883 || (S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == SEG_DATA)
1884 || (S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == SEG_TEXT)
1885 || S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == SEG_BSS);
1886 know (symbolP->sy_frag);
1887 know (!(S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == SEG_ABSOLUTE)
1888 || (symbolP->sy_frag == &zero_address_frag));
1890 target += S_GET_VALUE (symbolP)
1891 + symbolP->sy_frag->fr_address;
1892 } /* if we have a symbol */
1894 know (fragP->fr_next);
1895 after = fragP->fr_next->fr_address;
1896 growth = ((target - after) > 0) ? (target - after) : 0;
1897 /* Growth may be negative, but variable part of frag
1898 cannot have fewer than 0 chars. That is, we can't
1901 growth -= stretch; /* This is an absolute growth factor */
1907 growth = S_GET_VALUE (symbolP);
1908 if (symbolP->sy_frag != &zero_address_frag)
1909 as_bad (".space specifies non-absolute value");
1910 fragP->fr_symbol = 0;
1913 as_warn (".space or .fill with negative value, ignored");
1921 case rs_machine_dependent:
1922 #ifdef md_relax_frag
1923 growth = md_relax_frag (fragP, stretch);
1925 /* The default way to relax a frag is to look through
1928 const relax_typeS *this_type;
1929 const relax_typeS *start_type;
1930 relax_substateT next_state;
1931 relax_substateT this_state;
1934 this_state = fragP->fr_subtype;
1935 start_type = this_type = md_relax_table + this_state;
1940 #ifndef DIFF_EXPR_OK
1941 #if !defined (MANY_SEGMENTS) && !defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER)
1942 know ((S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == SEG_ABSOLUTE)
1943 || (S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == SEG_DATA)
1944 || (S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == SEG_BSS)
1945 || (S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == SEG_TEXT));
1947 know (symbolP->sy_frag);
1949 know (!(S_GET_SEGMENT (symbolP) == absolute_section)
1950 || symbolP->sy_frag == &zero_address_frag);
1952 S_GET_VALUE (symbolP)
1953 + symbolP->sy_frag->fr_address;
1955 /* If frag has yet to be reached on this pass,
1956 assume it will move by STRETCH just as we did.
1957 If this is not so, it will be because some frag
1958 between grows, and that will force another pass.
1960 Beware zero-length frags.
1962 There should be a faster way to do this. */
1964 if (symbolP->sy_frag->fr_address >= was_address
1965 && is_dnrange (fragP, symbolP->sy_frag))
1971 aim = target - address - fragP->fr_fix;
1972 #ifdef TC_PCREL_ADJUST
1973 /* Currently only the ns32k family needs this */
1974 aim += TC_PCREL_ADJUST(fragP);
1976 /* This machine doesn't want to use pcrel_adjust.
1977 In that case, pcrel_adjust should be zero. */
1978 assert (fragP->fr_pcrel_adjust == 0);
1983 /* Look backwards. */
1984 for (next_state = this_type->rlx_more; next_state;)
1985 if (aim >= this_type->rlx_backward)
1989 /* Grow to next state. */
1990 this_state = next_state;
1991 this_type = md_relax_table + this_state;
1992 next_state = this_type->rlx_more;
1997 #ifdef M68K_AIM_KLUDGE
1998 M68K_AIM_KLUDGE (aim, this_state, this_type);
2000 /* Look forwards. */
2001 for (next_state = this_type->rlx_more; next_state;)
2002 if (aim <= this_type->rlx_forward)
2006 /* Grow to next state. */
2007 this_state = next_state;
2008 this_type = md_relax_table + this_state;
2009 next_state = this_type->rlx_more;
2013 growth = this_type->rlx_length - start_type->rlx_length;
2015 fragP->fr_subtype = this_state;
2021 BAD_CASE (fragP->fr_type);
2029 } /* For each frag in the segment. */
2031 while (stretched); /* Until nothing further to relax. */
2035 * We now have valid fr_address'es for each frag.
2039 * All fr_address's are correct, relative to their own segment.
2040 * We have made all the fixS we will ever make.
2042 } /* relax_segment() */
2044 #if defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) || !defined (BFD)
2046 #ifndef TC_RELOC_RTSYM_LOC_FIXUP
2047 #define TC_RELOC_RTSYM_LOC_FIXUP(X) (1)
2052 Go through all the fixS's in a segment and see which ones can be
2053 handled now. (These consist of fixS where we have since discovered
2054 the value of a symbol, or the address of the frag involved.)
2055 For each one, call md_apply_fix to put the fix into the frag data.
2057 Result is a count of how many relocation structs will be needed to
2058 handle the remaining fixS's that we couldn't completely handle here.
2059 These will be output later by emit_relocations(). */
2062 fixup_segment (fixP, this_segment_type)
2063 register fixS *fixP;
2064 segT this_segment_type; /* N_TYPE bits for segment. */
2066 long seg_reloc_count = 0;
2067 symbolS *add_symbolP;
2068 symbolS *sub_symbolP;
2075 segT add_symbol_segment = absolute_section;
2077 /* If the linker is doing the relaxing, we must not do any fixups.
2079 Well, strictly speaking that's not true -- we could do any that are
2080 PC-relative and don't cross regions that could change size. And for the
2081 i960 (the only machine for which we've got a relaxing linker right now),
2082 we might be able to turn callx/callj into bal anyways in cases where we
2083 know the maximum displacement. */
2086 for (; fixP; fixP = fixP->fx_next)
2088 TC_ADJUST_RELOC_COUNT (fixP, seg_reloc_count);
2089 return seg_reloc_count;
2092 for (; fixP; fixP = fixP->fx_next)
2095 fprintf (stderr, "\nprocessing fixup:\n");
2099 fragP = fixP->fx_frag;
2101 where = fixP->fx_where;
2102 place = fragP->fr_literal + where;
2103 size = fixP->fx_size;
2104 add_symbolP = fixP->fx_addsy;
2105 #ifdef TC_VALIDATE_FIX
2106 TC_VALIDATE_FIX (fixP, this_segment_type, skip);
2108 sub_symbolP = fixP->fx_subsy;
2109 add_number = fixP->fx_offset;
2110 pcrel = fixP->fx_pcrel;
2114 add_symbol_segment = S_GET_SEGMENT (add_symbolP);
2121 if (S_GET_SEGMENT (sub_symbolP) == absolute_section)
2122 add_number -= S_GET_VALUE (sub_symbolP);
2124 && S_GET_SEGMENT (sub_symbolP) == this_segment_type)
2126 /* Should try converting to a constant. */
2131 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
2132 "Negative of non-absolute symbol %s",
2133 S_GET_NAME (sub_symbolP));
2135 else if ((S_GET_SEGMENT (sub_symbolP) == add_symbol_segment)
2136 && (SEG_NORMAL (add_symbol_segment)
2137 || (add_symbol_segment == absolute_section)))
2139 /* Difference of 2 symbols from same segment.
2140 Can't make difference of 2 undefineds: 'value' means
2141 something different for N_UNDF. */
2143 /* Makes no sense to use the difference of 2 arbitrary symbols
2144 as the target of a call instruction. */
2146 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
2147 "callj to difference of 2 symbols");
2148 #endif /* TC_I960 */
2149 add_number += S_GET_VALUE (add_symbolP) -
2150 S_GET_VALUE (sub_symbolP);
2154 /* Let the target machine make the final determination
2155 as to whether or not a relocation will be needed to
2156 handle this fixup. */
2157 if (!TC_FORCE_RELOCATION (fixP))
2159 fixP->fx_addsy = NULL;
2164 /* Different segments in subtraction. */
2165 know (!(S_IS_EXTERNAL (sub_symbolP)
2166 && (S_GET_SEGMENT (sub_symbolP) == absolute_section)));
2168 if ((S_GET_SEGMENT (sub_symbolP) == absolute_section))
2169 add_number -= S_GET_VALUE (sub_symbolP);
2172 else if (S_GET_SEGMENT (sub_symbolP) == this_segment_type
2173 #if 0 /* Do this even if it's already described as pc-relative. For example,
2174 on the m68k, an operand of "pc@(foo-.-2)" should address "foo" in a
2175 pc-relative mode. */
2180 /* Make it pc-relative. */
2181 add_number += (md_pcrel_from (fixP)
2182 - S_GET_VALUE (sub_symbolP));
2189 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
2190 else if (fixP->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_GPREL32
2191 || fixP->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_GPREL16)
2193 /* Leave it alone. */
2199 sprint_value (buf, fragP->fr_address + where);
2200 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
2201 "Can't emit reloc {- %s-seg symbol \"%s\"} @ file address %s.",
2202 segment_name (S_GET_SEGMENT (sub_symbolP)),
2203 S_GET_NAME (sub_symbolP), buf);
2210 if (add_symbol_segment == this_segment_type && pcrel && !plt
2211 && TC_RELOC_RTSYM_LOC_FIXUP (fixP->fx_r_type))
2214 * This fixup was made when the symbol's segment was
2215 * SEG_UNKNOWN, but it is now in the local segment.
2216 * So we know how to do the address without relocation.
2219 /* reloc_callj() may replace a 'call' with a 'calls' or a
2220 'bal', in which cases it modifies *fixP as appropriate.
2221 In the case of a 'calls', no further work is required,
2222 and *fixP has been set up to make the rest of the code
2225 #endif /* TC_I960 */
2227 add_number += S_GET_VALUE (add_symbolP);
2228 add_number -= md_pcrel_from (fixP);
2229 pcrel = 0; /* Lie. Don't want further pcrel processing. */
2231 /* Let the target machine make the final determination
2232 as to whether or not a relocation will be needed to
2233 handle this fixup. */
2234 if (!TC_FORCE_RELOCATION (fixP))
2237 fixP->fx_addsy = NULL;
2242 if (add_symbol_segment == absolute_section)
2245 /* See comment about reloc_callj() above. */
2247 #endif /* TC_I960 */
2248 add_number += S_GET_VALUE (add_symbolP);
2250 /* Let the target machine make the final determination
2251 as to whether or not a relocation will be needed to
2252 handle this fixup. */
2253 if (!TC_FORCE_RELOCATION (fixP))
2255 fixP->fx_addsy = NULL;
2259 else if (add_symbol_segment == undefined_section
2260 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
2261 || bfd_is_com_section (add_symbol_segment)
2266 if ((int) fixP->fx_bit_fixP == 13)
2268 /* This is a COBR instruction. They have only a
2269 * 13-bit displacement and are only to be used
2270 * for local branches: flag as error, don't generate
2273 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
2274 "can't use COBR format with external label");
2275 fixP->fx_addsy = NULL;
2279 #endif /* TC_I960 */
2283 if (S_IS_COMMON (add_symbolP))
2284 add_number += S_GET_VALUE (add_symbolP);
2285 #endif /* TE_I386AIX */
2286 #endif /* OBJ_COFF */
2292 #if !defined (TC_I386) || !(defined (OBJ_ELF) || defined (OBJ_COFF))
2293 add_number += S_GET_VALUE (add_symbolP);
2301 add_number -= md_pcrel_from (fixP);
2302 if (add_symbolP == 0)
2304 #ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
2305 fixP->fx_addsy = &abs_symbol;
2307 fixP->fx_addsy = section_symbol (absolute_section);
2309 fixP->fx_addsy->sy_used_in_reloc = 1;
2314 if (!fixP->fx_bit_fixP && size > 0)
2317 if (size < sizeof (mask))
2319 /* set all bits to one */
2321 /* Technically, combining these produces an undefined result
2322 if size is sizeof (valueT), though I think these two
2323 half-way operations should both be defined. And the
2324 compiler should be able to combine them if it's valid on
2325 the host architecture. */
2328 if ((add_number & mask) != 0
2329 && (add_number & mask) != mask)
2331 char buf[50], buf2[50];
2332 sprint_value (buf, fragP->fr_address + where);
2333 if (add_number > 1000)
2334 sprint_value (buf2, add_number);
2336 sprintf (buf2, "%ld", (long) add_number);
2337 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
2338 "Value of %s too large for field of %d bytes at %s",
2340 } /* generic error checking */
2342 #ifdef WARN_SIGNED_OVERFLOW_WORD
2343 /* Warn if a .word value is too large when treated as a signed
2344 number. We already know it is not too negative. This is to
2345 catch over-large switches generated by gcc on the 68k. */
2346 if (!flag_signed_overflow_ok
2348 && add_number > 0x7fff)
2349 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
2350 "Signed .word overflow; switch may be too large; %ld at 0x%lx",
2352 (unsigned long) (fragP->fr_address + where));
2354 } /* not a bit fix */
2358 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
2359 md_apply_fix (fixP, &add_number);
2361 md_apply_fix (fixP, add_number);
2364 #ifndef TC_HANDLES_FX_DONE
2365 /* If the tc-* files haven't been converted, assume it's handling
2366 it the old way, where a null fx_addsy means that the fix has
2367 been applied completely, and no further work is needed. */
2368 if (fixP->fx_addsy == 0 && fixP->fx_pcrel == 0)
2372 #ifdef TC_VALIDATE_FIX
2376 fprintf (stderr, "result:\n");
2379 } /* For each fixS in this segment. */
2381 TC_ADJUST_RELOC_COUNT (fixP, seg_reloc_count);
2382 return seg_reloc_count;
2385 #endif /* defined (BFD_ASSEMBLER) || !defined (BFD) */
2388 number_to_chars_bigendian (buf, val, n)
2393 if (n > sizeof (val)|| n <= 0)
2397 buf[n] = val & 0xff;
2403 number_to_chars_littleendian (buf, val, n)
2408 if (n > sizeof (val) || n <= 0)
2412 *buf++ = val & 0xff;
2418 extern int indent_level;
2425 fprintf (stderr, "fix %lx %s:%d", (long) fixp, fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line);
2427 fprintf (stderr, " pcrel");
2428 if (fixp->fx_pcrel_adjust)
2429 fprintf (stderr, " pcrel_adjust=%d", fixp->fx_pcrel_adjust);
2430 if (fixp->fx_im_disp)
2433 fprintf (stderr, " im_disp=%d", fixp->fx_im_disp);
2435 fprintf (stderr, " im_disp");
2439 fprintf (stderr, " tcbit");
2441 fprintf (stderr, " done");
2442 fprintf (stderr, "\n size=%d frag=%lx where=%ld offset=%lx addnumber=%lx",
2443 fixp->fx_size, (long) fixp->fx_frag, (long) fixp->fx_where,
2444 (long) fixp->fx_offset, (long) fixp->fx_addnumber);
2445 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
2446 fprintf (stderr, "\n %s (%d)", bfd_get_reloc_code_name (fixp->fx_r_type),
2449 #ifdef NEED_FX_R_TYPE
2450 fprintf (stderr, " r_type=%d", fixp->fx_r_type);
2455 fprintf (stderr, "\n +<");
2456 print_symbol_value_1 (stderr, fixp->fx_addsy);
2457 fprintf (stderr, ">");
2461 fprintf (stderr, "\n -<");
2462 print_symbol_value_1 (stderr, fixp->fx_subsy);
2463 fprintf (stderr, ">");
2465 fprintf (stderr, "\n");
2468 /* end of write.c */