1 .\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1992 Free Software Foundation
2 .\" See section COPYING for conditions for redistribution
3 .TH as 1 "21 January 1992" "cygnus support" "GNU Development Tools"
6 GNU as\-\-the portable GNU assembler.
11 .RB "[\|" \-a "[\|" dhlns "\|]" \c
28 .RB "[\|" \-\^\- "\ |\ " \c
34 .RB "[\|" \-ACA "\||\|" \-ACA_A "\||\|" \-ACB\c
35 .RB "\||\|" \-ACC "\||\|" \-AKA "\||\|" \-AKB\c
36 .RB "\||\|" \-AKC "\||\|" \-AMC "\|]"
38 .RB "[\|" \-no-relax "\|]"
40 .I m680x0-only options:
43 .RB "[\|" \-mc68000 "\||\|" \-mc68010 "\||\|" \-mc68020 "\|]"
49 \& is really a family of assemblers.
50 If you use (or have used) the GNU assembler on one architecture, you
51 should find a fairly similar environment when you use it on another
52 architecture. Each version has much in common with the others,
53 including object file formats, most assembler directives (often called
56 \& and assembler syntax.
58 For information on the syntax and pseudo-ops used by GNU \c
67 Using as: The GNU Assembler\c
72 \& is primarily intended to assemble the output of the GNU C
75 \& for use by the linker \c
78 we've tried to make \c
80 \& assemble correctly everything that the native
84 \& always uses the same syntax as another
85 assembler for the same architecture; for example, we know of several
86 incompatible versions of 680x0 assembly language syntax.
90 \& it assembles exactly one source
91 program. The source program is made up of one or more files.
92 (The standard input is also a file.)
96 \& is given no file names it attempts to read one input file
99 \& standard input, which is normally your terminal. You
104 \& there is no more program
105 to assemble. Use `\|\c
107 \|' if you need to explicitly name the standard input file
108 in your command line.
111 \& may write warnings and error messages to the standard error
112 file (usually your terminal). This should not happen when \c
115 run automatically by a compiler. Warnings report an assumption made so
118 \& could keep assembling a flawed program; errors report a
119 grave problem that stops the assembly.
124 Turn on assembly listings. There are various suboptions.
126 omits debugging directives.
128 includes the high level source code; this is only available if the
129 source file can be found, and the code was compiled with
132 includes an assembly listing.
134 omits forms processing.
136 includes a symbol listing.
139 sets the listing file name; this must be the last suboption.
140 The default suboptions are
144 This option is accepted only for script compatibility with calls to
145 other assemblers; it has no effect on \c
150 ``fast''--skip preprocessing (assume source is compiler output).
155 to the search list for
160 Issue warnings when difference tables altered for long displacements.
163 Keep (in symbol table) local symbols, starting with `\|\c
168 Name the object-file output from \c
172 Fold data section into text section
180 Suppress warning messages
182 .IR "\-\^\-" "\ |\ " "files\|.\|.\|."
183 Source files to assemble, or standard input (\c
188 (When configured for Intel 960.)
189 Specify which variant of the 960 architecture is the target.
193 (When configured for Intel 960.)
194 Add code to collect statistics about branches taken.
198 (When configured for Intel 960.)
199 Do not alter compare-and-branch instructions for long displacements;
204 (When configured for Motorola 68000).
206 Shorten references to undefined symbols, to one word instead of two.
208 .BR "\-mc68000" "\||\|" "\-mc68010" "\||\|" "\-mc68020"
210 (When configured for Motorola 68000).
212 Specify what processor in the 68000 family is the target (default 68020)
215 Options may be in any order, and may be
216 before, after, or between file names. The order of file names is
221 \|' (two hyphens) by itself names the standard input file
222 explicitly, as one of the files for \c
228 \|' any command line argument that begins with a
231 \|') is an option. Each option changes the behavior of
234 \&. No option changes the way another option works. An
237 \|' followed by one or more letters; the case of
238 the letter is important. All options are optional.
242 \|' option expects exactly one file name to follow. The file
243 name may either immediately follow the option's letter (compatible
244 with older assemblers) or it may be the next command argument (GNU
247 These two command lines are equivalent:
250 as\ \ \-o\ \ my\-object\-file.o\ \ mumble.s
253 as\ \ \-omy\-object\-file.o\ \ mumble.s
262 Using as: The GNU Assembler\c
268 Copyright (c) 1991, 1992 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
270 Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
271 this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
272 are preserved on all copies.
274 Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
275 manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
276 entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
277 permission notice identical to this one.
279 Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
280 manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified
281 versions, except that this permission notice may be included in
282 translations approved by the Free Software Foundation instead of in
283 the original English.