1 /* Assembly backend for the OpenRISC 1000.
2 Copyright (C) 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007
3 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 Contributed by Damjan Lampret <lampret@opencores.org>.
5 Modified bu Johan Rydberg, <johan.rydberg@netinsight.se>.
8 This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
10 GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
12 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
15 GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
16 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
18 GNU General Public License for more details.
20 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
21 along with GAS; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
22 the Free Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor,
23 Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. */
25 /* tc-a29k.c used as a template. */
27 #include "safe-ctype.h"
29 #include "opcode/or32.h"
34 #ifndef REGISTER_PREFIX
35 #define REGISTER_PREFIX '%'
38 /* Make it easier to clone this machine desc into another one. */
39 #define machine_opcode or32_opcode
40 #define machine_opcodes or32_opcodes
41 #define machine_ip or32_ip
42 #define machine_it or32_it
44 /* Handle of the OPCODE hash table. */
45 static struct hash_control *op_hash = NULL;
51 struct nlist * nlistp;
54 int reloc_offset; /* Offset of reloc within insn. */
59 const pseudo_typeS md_pseudo_table[] =
61 {"align", s_align_bytes, 4 },
62 {"space", s_space, 0 },
63 {"cputype", s_ignore, 0 },
64 {"reg", s_lsym, 0 }, /* Register equate, same as equ. */
65 {"sect", s_ignore, 0 }, /* Creation of coff sections. */
66 {"proc", s_ignore, 0 }, /* Start of a function. */
67 {"endproc", s_ignore, 0 }, /* Function end. */
72 int md_short_jump_size = 4;
73 int md_long_jump_size = 4;
75 /* This array holds the chars that always start a comment.
76 If the pre-processor is disabled, these aren't very useful. */
77 const char comment_chars[] = "#";
79 /* This array holds the chars that only start a comment at the beginning of
80 a line. If the line seems to have the form '# 123 filename'
81 .line and .file directives will appear in the pre-processed output. */
82 /* Note that input_file.c hand checks for '#' at the beginning of the
83 first line of the input file. This is because the compiler outputs
84 #NO_APP at the beginning of its output. */
85 /* Also note that comments like this one will always work. */
86 const char line_comment_chars[] = "#";
88 /* We needed an unused char for line separation to work around the
89 lack of macros, using sed and such. */
90 const char line_separator_chars[] = ";";
92 /* Chars that can be used to separate mant from exp in floating point nums. */
93 const char EXP_CHARS[] = "eE";
95 /* Chars that mean this number is a floating point constant.
98 const char FLT_CHARS[] = "rRsSfFdDxXpP";
100 /* "l.jalr r9" precalculated opcode. */
101 static unsigned long jalr_r9_opcode;
103 static void machine_ip (char *);
106 /* Set bits in machine opcode according to insn->encoding
107 description and passed operand. */
110 encode (const struct machine_opcode *insn,
111 unsigned long *opcode,
112 signed long param_val,
120 printf (" encode: opcode=%.8lx param_val=%.8lx abs=%.8lx param_ch=%c\n",
121 *opcode, param_val, abs (param_val), param_ch);
123 for (enc = insn->encoding; *enc != '\0'; enc++)
124 if (*enc == param_ch)
126 if (enc - 2 >= insn->encoding && (*(enc - 2) == '0') && (*(enc - 1) == 'x'))
134 for (enc = insn->encoding; *enc != '\0';)
136 if ((*enc == '0') && (*(enc + 1) == 'x'))
138 int tmp = strtol (enc, NULL, 16);
141 *opcode |= tmp << opc_pos;
144 else if ((*enc == '0') || (*enc == '-'))
149 else if (*enc == '1')
152 *opcode |= 1 << opc_pos;
155 else if (*enc == param_ch)
159 *opcode |= ((param_val >> param_pos) & 0x1) << opc_pos;
162 else if (ISALPHA (*enc))
172 printf (" opcode=%.8lx\n", *opcode);
176 /* This function is called once, at assembler startup time. It should
177 set up all the tables, etc., that the MD part of the assembler will
183 const char *retval = NULL;
188 /* Hash up all the opcodes for fast use later. */
189 op_hash = hash_new ();
191 for (i = 0; i < or32_num_opcodes; i++)
193 const char *name = machine_opcodes[i].name;
201 retval = hash_insert (op_hash, name, (void *) &machine_opcodes[i]);
204 fprintf (stderr, "internal error: can't hash `%s': %s\n",
205 machine_opcodes[i].name, retval);
211 as_fatal (_("Broken assembler. No assembly attempted."));
213 encode (&machine_opcodes[insn_index ("l.jalr")], &jalr_r9_opcode, 9, 'B');
216 /* Returns non zero if instruction is to be used. */
219 check_invalid_opcode (unsigned long opcode)
221 return opcode == jalr_r9_opcode;
224 /* Assemble a single instruction. Its label has already been handled
225 by the generic front end. We just parse opcode and operands, and
226 produce the bytes of data and relocation. */
229 md_assemble (char *str)
234 printf ("NEW INSTRUCTION\n");
241 /* Put out the opcode. */
242 md_number_to_chars (toP, the_insn.opcode, 4);
244 /* Put out the symbol-dependent stuff. */
245 if (the_insn.reloc != BFD_RELOC_NONE)
247 fix_new_exp (frag_now,
248 (toP - frag_now->fr_literal + the_insn.reloc_offset),
256 /* This is true of the we have issued a "lo(" or "hi"(. */
257 static int waiting_for_shift = 0;
259 static int mask_or_shift = 0;
262 parse_operand (char *s, expressionS *operandp, int opt)
264 char *save = input_line_pointer;
268 printf (" PROCESS NEW OPERAND(%s) == %c (%d)\n", s, opt ? opt : '!', opt);
271 input_line_pointer = s;
273 if (strncasecmp (s, "HI(", 3) == 0)
275 waiting_for_shift = 1;
276 mask_or_shift = BFD_RELOC_HI16;
278 input_line_pointer += 3;
280 else if (strncasecmp (s, "LO(", 3) == 0)
282 mask_or_shift = BFD_RELOC_LO16;
284 input_line_pointer += 3;
289 if ((*s == '(') && (*(s+1) == 'r'))
292 if ((*s == 'r') && ISDIGIT (*(s + 1)))
294 operandp->X_add_number = strtol (s + 1, NULL, 10);
295 operandp->X_op = O_register;
296 for (; (*s != ',') && (*s != '\0');)
298 input_line_pointer = save;
302 expression (operandp);
304 if (operandp->X_op == O_absent)
307 as_bad (_("missing operand"));
310 operandp->X_add_number = 0;
311 operandp->X_op = O_constant;
315 new_pointer = input_line_pointer;
316 input_line_pointer = save;
319 printf (" %s=parse_operand(%s): operandp->X_op = %u\n", new_pointer, s,
326 /* Instruction parsing. Takes a string containing the opcode.
327 Operands are at input_line_pointer. Output is in the_insn.
328 Warnings or errors are generated. */
331 machine_ip (char *str)
335 const struct machine_opcode *insn;
337 unsigned long opcode;
338 expressionS the_operand;
339 expressionS *operand = &the_operand;
341 int reloc = BFD_RELOC_NONE;
344 printf ("machine_ip(%s)\n", str);
348 for (; ISALNUM (*s) || *s == '.'; ++s)
357 case ' ': /* FIXME-SOMEDAY more whitespace. */
362 as_bad (_("unknown opcode1: `%s'"), str);
366 if ((insn = (struct machine_opcode *) hash_find (op_hash, str)) == NULL)
368 as_bad (_("unknown opcode2 `%s'."), str);
374 memset (&the_insn, '\0', sizeof (the_insn));
375 the_insn.reloc = BFD_RELOC_NONE;
377 reloc = BFD_RELOC_NONE;
379 /* Build the opcode, checking as we go to make sure that the
382 If an operand matches, we modify the_insn or opcode appropriately,
383 and do a "continue". If an operand fails to match, we "break". */
384 if (insn->args[0] != '\0')
385 /* Prime the pump. */
386 s = parse_operand (s, operand, insn->args[0] == 'I');
388 for (args = insn->args;; ++args)
391 printf (" args = %s\n", args);
395 case '\0': /* End of args. */
396 /* We have have 0 args, do the bazoooka! */
397 if (args == insn->args)
398 encode (insn, &opcode, 0, 0);
402 /* We are truly done. */
403 the_insn.opcode = opcode;
404 if (check_invalid_opcode (opcode))
405 as_bad (_("instruction not allowed: %s"), str);
408 as_bad (_("too many operands: %s"), s);
411 case ',': /* Must match a comma. */
414 reloc = BFD_RELOC_NONE;
416 /* Parse next operand. */
417 s = parse_operand (s, operand, args[1] == 'I');
419 printf (" ',' case: operand->X_add_number = %d, *args = %s, *s = %s\n",
420 operand->X_add_number, args, s);
426 case '(': /* Must match a (. */
427 s = parse_operand (s, operand, args[1] == 'I');
430 case ')': /* Must match a ). */
433 case 'r': /* A general register. */
436 if (operand->X_op != O_register)
437 break; /* Only registers. */
439 know (operand->X_add_symbol == 0);
440 know (operand->X_op_symbol == 0);
441 regno = operand->X_add_number;
442 encode (insn, &opcode, regno, *args);
444 printf (" r: operand->X_op = %d\n", operand->X_op);
449 /* if (! ISALPHA (*args))
450 break; */ /* Only immediate values. */
455 printf ("mask_or_shift = %d\n", mask_or_shift);
457 reloc = mask_or_shift;
461 if (strncasecmp (args, "LO(", 3) == 0)
464 printf ("reloc_const\n");
466 reloc = BFD_RELOC_LO16;
468 else if (strncasecmp (args, "HI(", 3) == 0)
471 printf ("reloc_consth\n");
473 reloc = BFD_RELOC_HI16;
477 operand->X_op = O_constant;
481 printf (" default case: operand->X_add_number = %d, *args = %s, *s = %s\n", operand->X_add_number, args, s);
483 if (operand->X_op == O_constant)
485 if (reloc == BFD_RELOC_NONE)
490 v = abs (operand->X_add_number) & ~ mask;
492 as_bad (_("call/jmp target out of range (1)"));
495 if (reloc == BFD_RELOC_HI16)
496 operand->X_add_number = ((operand->X_add_number >> 16) & 0xffff);
499 encode (insn, &opcode, operand->X_add_number, *args);
500 /* the_insn.reloc = BFD_RELOC_NONE; */
504 if (reloc == BFD_RELOC_NONE)
505 the_insn.reloc = BFD_RELOC_32_GOT_PCREL;
507 the_insn.reloc = reloc;
509 /* the_insn.reloc = insn->reloc; */
511 printf (" reloc sym=%d\n", the_insn.reloc);
512 printf (" BFD_RELOC_NONE=%d\n", BFD_RELOC_NONE);
514 the_insn.exp = *operand;
516 /* the_insn.reloc_offset = 1; */
517 the_insn.pcrel = 1; /* Assume PC-relative jump. */
519 /* FIXME-SOON, Do we figure out whether abs later, after
521 if (reloc == BFD_RELOC_LO16 || reloc == BFD_RELOC_HI16)
524 encode (insn, &opcode, operand->X_add_number, *args);
528 /* Types or values of args don't match. */
529 as_bad (_("invalid operands"));
535 md_atof (int type, char * litP, int * sizeP)
537 return ieee_md_atof (type, litP, sizeP, TRUE);
540 /* Write out big-endian. */
543 md_number_to_chars (char *buf, valueT val, int n)
545 number_to_chars_bigendian (buf, val, n);
549 md_apply_fix (fixS * fixP, valueT * val, segT seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
551 char *buf = fixP->fx_where + fixP->fx_frag->fr_literal;
557 printf ("md_apply_fix val:%x\n", t_val);
560 fixP->fx_addnumber = t_val; /* Remember value for emit_reloc. */
562 switch (fixP->fx_r_type)
564 case BFD_RELOC_32: /* XXXXXXXX pattern in a word. */
566 printf ("reloc_const: val=%x\n", t_val);
568 buf[0] = t_val >> 24;
569 buf[1] = t_val >> 16;
574 case BFD_RELOC_16: /* XXXX0000 pattern in a word. */
576 printf ("reloc_const: val=%x\n", t_val);
582 case BFD_RELOC_8: /* XX000000 pattern in a word. */
584 printf ("reloc_const: val=%x\n", t_val);
589 case BFD_RELOC_LO16: /* 0000XXXX pattern in a word. */
591 printf ("reloc_const: val=%x\n", t_val);
593 buf[2] = t_val >> 8; /* Holds bits 0000XXXX. */
597 case BFD_RELOC_HI16: /* 0000XXXX pattern in a word. */
599 printf ("reloc_consth: val=%x\n", t_val);
601 buf[2] = t_val >> 24; /* Holds bits XXXX0000. */
602 buf[3] = t_val >> 16;
605 case BFD_RELOC_32_GOT_PCREL: /* 0000XXXX pattern in a word. */
608 else if (fixP->fx_pcrel)
610 long v = t_val >> 28;
612 if (v != 0 && v != -1)
613 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
614 _("call/jmp target out of range (2)"));
617 /* This case was supposed to be handled in machine_ip. */
620 buf[0] |= (t_val >> 26) & 0x03; /* Holds bits 0FFFFFFC of address. */
621 buf[1] = t_val >> 18;
622 buf[2] = t_val >> 10;
626 case BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_INHERIT:
627 case BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY:
633 as_bad (_("bad relocation type: 0x%02x"), fixP->fx_r_type);
637 if (fixP->fx_addsy == (symbolS *) NULL)
641 /* Should never be called for or32. */
644 md_create_short_jump (char * ptr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
645 addressT from_addr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
646 addressT to_addr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
647 fragS * frag ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
648 symbolS * to_symbol ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
650 as_fatal ("or32_create_short_jmp\n");
653 /* Should never be called for or32. */
656 md_convert_frag (bfd * headers ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
657 segT seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
658 fragS * fragP ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
660 as_fatal ("or32_convert_frag\n");
663 /* Should never be called for or32. */
666 md_create_long_jump (char * ptr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
667 addressT from_addr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
668 addressT to_addr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
669 fragS * frag ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
670 symbolS * to_symbol ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
672 as_fatal ("or32_create_long_jump\n");
675 /* Should never be called for or32. */
678 md_estimate_size_before_relax (fragS * fragP ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
679 segT segtype ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
681 as_fatal ("or32_estimate_size_before_relax\n");
685 /* Translate internal representation of relocation info to target format.
687 On sparc/29k: first 4 bytes are normal unsigned long address, next three
688 bytes are index, most sig. byte first. Byte 7 is broken up with
689 bit 7 as external, bits 6 & 5 unused, and the lower
690 five bits as relocation type. Next 4 bytes are long addend. */
691 /* Thanx and a tip of the hat to Michael Bloom, mb@ttidca.tti.com. */
695 tc_aout_fix_to_chars (char *where,
697 relax_addressT segment_address_in_file)
702 printf ("tc_aout_fix_to_chars\n");
705 know (fixP->fx_r_type < BFD_RELOC_NONE);
706 know (fixP->fx_addsy != NULL);
710 fixP->fx_frag->fr_address + fixP->fx_where - segment_address_in_file,
713 r_symbolnum = (S_IS_DEFINED (fixP->fx_addsy)
714 ? S_GET_TYPE (fixP->fx_addsy)
715 : fixP->fx_addsy->sy_number);
717 where[4] = (r_symbolnum >> 16) & 0x0ff;
718 where[5] = (r_symbolnum >> 8) & 0x0ff;
719 where[6] = r_symbolnum & 0x0ff;
720 where[7] = (((!S_IS_DEFINED (fixP->fx_addsy)) << 7) & 0x80) | (0 & 0x60) | (fixP->fx_r_type & 0x1F);
723 md_number_to_chars (&where[8], fixP->fx_addnumber, 4);
726 #endif /* OBJ_AOUT */
728 const char *md_shortopts = "";
730 struct option md_longopts[] =
732 { NULL, no_argument, NULL, 0 }
734 size_t md_longopts_size = sizeof (md_longopts);
737 md_parse_option (int c ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, char * arg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
743 md_show_usage (FILE * stream ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
747 /* This is called when a line is unrecognized. This is used to handle
748 definitions of or32 style local labels. */
751 or32_unrecognized_line (int c)
757 || ! ISDIGIT ((unsigned char) input_line_pointer[0]))
760 s = input_line_pointer;
763 while (ISDIGIT ((unsigned char) *s))
765 lab = lab * 10 + *s - '0';
770 /* Not a label definition. */
773 if (dollar_label_defined (lab))
775 as_bad (_("label \"$%d\" redefined"), lab);
779 define_dollar_label (lab);
780 colon (dollar_label_name (lab, 0));
781 input_line_pointer = s + 1;
786 /* Default the values of symbols known that should be "predefined". We
787 don't bother to predefine them unless you actually use one, since there
788 are a lot of them. */
791 md_undefined_symbol (char *name ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
796 /* Parse an operand that is machine-specific. */
799 md_operand (expressionS *expressionP)
802 printf (" md_operand(input_line_pointer = %s)\n", input_line_pointer);
805 if (input_line_pointer[0] == REGISTER_PREFIX && input_line_pointer[1] == 'r')
807 /* We have a numeric register expression. No biggy. */
808 input_line_pointer += 2; /* Skip %r */
809 (void) expression (expressionP);
811 if (expressionP->X_op != O_constant
812 || expressionP->X_add_number > 255)
813 as_bad (_("Invalid expression after %%%%\n"));
814 expressionP->X_op = O_register;
816 else if (input_line_pointer[0] == '&')
818 /* We are taking the 'address' of a register...this one is not
819 in the manual, but it *is* in traps/fpsymbol.h! What they
820 seem to want is the register number, as an absolute number. */
821 input_line_pointer++; /* Skip & */
822 (void) expression (expressionP);
824 if (expressionP->X_op != O_register)
825 as_bad (_("invalid register in & expression"));
827 expressionP->X_op = O_constant;
829 else if (input_line_pointer[0] == '$'
830 && ISDIGIT ((unsigned char) input_line_pointer[1]))
836 /* This is a local label. */
837 ++input_line_pointer;
838 lab = (long) get_absolute_expression ();
840 if (dollar_label_defined (lab))
842 name = dollar_label_name (lab, 0);
843 sym = symbol_find (name);
847 name = dollar_label_name (lab, 1);
848 sym = symbol_find_or_make (name);
851 expressionP->X_op = O_symbol;
852 expressionP->X_add_symbol = sym;
853 expressionP->X_add_number = 0;
855 else if (input_line_pointer[0] == '$')
859 int fieldnum, fieldlimit;
860 LITTLENUM_TYPE floatbuf[8];
862 /* $float(), $doubleN(), or $extendN() convert floating values
864 s = input_line_pointer;
869 if (strncmp (s, "double", sizeof "double" - 1) == 0)
871 s += sizeof "double" - 1;
875 else if (strncmp (s, "float", sizeof "float" - 1) == 0)
877 s += sizeof "float" - 1;
881 else if (strncmp (s, "extend", sizeof "extend" - 1) == 0)
883 s += sizeof "extend" - 1;
895 if (fieldnum >= fieldlimit)
904 s = atof_ieee (s, type, floatbuf);
915 input_line_pointer = s;
916 expressionP->X_op = O_constant;
917 expressionP->X_unsigned = 1;
918 expressionP->X_add_number = ((floatbuf[fieldnum * 2]
919 << LITTLENUM_NUMBER_OF_BITS)
920 + floatbuf[fieldnum * 2 + 1]);
924 /* Round up a section size to the appropriate boundary. */
927 md_section_align (segT segment ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, valueT size ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
929 return size; /* Byte alignment is fine. */
932 /* Exactly what point is a PC-relative offset relative TO?
933 On the 29000, they're relative to the address of the instruction,
934 which we have set up as the address of the fixup too. */
937 md_pcrel_from (fixS *fixP)
939 return fixP->fx_where + fixP->fx_frag->fr_address;
942 /* Generate a reloc for a fixup. */
945 tc_gen_reloc (asection *seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, fixS *fixp)
949 reloc = xmalloc (sizeof (arelent));
950 reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = xmalloc (sizeof (asymbol *));
951 *reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = symbol_get_bfdsym (fixp->fx_addsy);
952 reloc->address = fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where;
953 /* reloc->address = fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where + fixp->fx_addnumber;*/
954 reloc->howto = bfd_reloc_type_lookup (stdoutput, fixp->fx_r_type);
956 if (reloc->howto == (reloc_howto_type *) NULL)
958 as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
959 _("reloc %d not supported by object file format"),
960 (int) fixp->fx_r_type);
964 if (fixp->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY)
965 reloc->address = fixp->fx_offset;
967 reloc->addend = fixp->fx_addnumber;