1 /* tc-avr.c -- Assembler code for the ATMEL AVR
3 Copyright 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008
4 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 Contributed by Denis Chertykov <denisc@overta.ru>
7 This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
9 GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
10 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
11 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
14 GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
17 GNU General Public License for more details.
19 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20 along with GAS; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
21 the Free Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor,
22 Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. */
25 #include "safe-ctype.h"
32 int insn_size; /* In words. */
34 unsigned int bin_opcode;
37 #define AVR_INSN(NAME, CONSTR, OPCODE, SIZE, ISA, BIN) \
38 {#NAME, CONSTR, SIZE, ISA, BIN},
40 struct avr_opcodes_s avr_opcodes[] =
42 #include "opcode/avr.h"
46 const char comment_chars[] = ";";
47 const char line_comment_chars[] = "#";
48 const char line_separator_chars[] = "$";
50 const char *md_shortopts = "m:";
58 /* XXX - devices that don't seem to exist (renamed, replaced with larger
59 ones, or planned but never produced), left here for compatibility.
60 TODO: hide them in show_mcu_list output? */
62 static struct mcu_type_s mcu_types[] =
64 {"avr1", AVR_ISA_TINY1, bfd_mach_avr1},
65 {"avr2", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
66 {"avr3", AVR_ISA_AVR3, bfd_mach_avr3},
67 {"avr4", AVR_ISA_M8, bfd_mach_avr4},
68 {"avr5", AVR_ISA_ALL, bfd_mach_avr5},
69 {"avr6", AVR_ISA_ALL, bfd_mach_avr6},
70 {"at90s1200", AVR_ISA_1200, bfd_mach_avr1},
71 {"attiny11", AVR_ISA_TINY1, bfd_mach_avr1},
72 {"attiny12", AVR_ISA_TINY1, bfd_mach_avr1},
73 {"attiny15", AVR_ISA_TINY1, bfd_mach_avr1},
74 {"attiny28", AVR_ISA_TINY1, bfd_mach_avr1},
75 {"at90s2313", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
76 {"at90s2323", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
77 {"at90s2333", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2}, /* XXX -> 4433 */
78 {"at90s2343", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
79 {"attiny22", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2}, /* XXX -> 2343 */
80 {"attiny26", AVR_ISA_2xxe, bfd_mach_avr2},
81 {"at90s4433", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
82 {"at90s4414", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2}, /* XXX -> 8515 */
83 {"at90s4434", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2}, /* XXX -> 8535 */
84 {"at90s8515", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
85 {"at90s8535", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
86 {"at90c8534", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
87 {"at86rf401", AVR_ISA_RF401, bfd_mach_avr2},
88 {"attiny13", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
89 {"attiny2313", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
90 {"attiny261", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
91 {"attiny461", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
92 {"attiny861", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
93 {"attiny24", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
94 {"attiny44", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
95 {"attiny84", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
96 {"attiny25", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
97 {"attiny45", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
98 {"attiny85", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
99 {"attiny43u", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
100 {"attiny48", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
101 {"attiny88", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
102 {"atmega103", AVR_ISA_M103, bfd_mach_avr3},
103 {"at43usb320", AVR_ISA_M103, bfd_mach_avr3},
104 {"at43usb355", AVR_ISA_M603, bfd_mach_avr3},
105 {"at76c711", AVR_ISA_M603, bfd_mach_avr3},
106 {"at90usb82", AVR_ISA_USB162, bfd_mach_avr3},
107 {"at90usb162", AVR_ISA_USB162, bfd_mach_avr3},
108 {"atmega48", AVR_ISA_PWMx, bfd_mach_avr4},
109 {"atmega48p", AVR_ISA_PWMx, bfd_mach_avr4},
110 {"atmega8", AVR_ISA_M8, bfd_mach_avr4},
111 {"atmega88", AVR_ISA_PWMx, bfd_mach_avr4},
112 {"atmega88p", AVR_ISA_PWMx, bfd_mach_avr4},
113 {"atmega8515", AVR_ISA_M8, bfd_mach_avr4},
114 {"atmega8535", AVR_ISA_M8, bfd_mach_avr4},
115 {"atmega8hva", AVR_ISA_PWMx, bfd_mach_avr4},
116 {"at90pwm1", AVR_ISA_PWMx, bfd_mach_avr4},
117 {"at90pwm2", AVR_ISA_PWMx, bfd_mach_avr4},
118 {"at90pwm2b", AVR_ISA_PWMx, bfd_mach_avr4},
119 {"at90pwm3", AVR_ISA_PWMx, bfd_mach_avr4},
120 {"at90pwm3b", AVR_ISA_PWMx, bfd_mach_avr4},
121 {"atmega16", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
122 {"atmega161", AVR_ISA_M161, bfd_mach_avr5},
123 {"atmega162", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
124 {"atmega163", AVR_ISA_M161, bfd_mach_avr5},
125 {"atmega164p", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
126 {"atmega165", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
127 {"atmega165p", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
128 {"atmega168", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
129 {"atmega168p", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
130 {"atmega169", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
131 {"atmega169p", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
132 {"atmega32", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
133 {"atmega323", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
134 {"atmega324p", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
135 {"atmega325", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
136 {"atmega325p", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
137 {"atmega328p", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
138 {"atmega329", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
139 {"atmega329p", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
140 {"atmega3250", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
141 {"atmega3250p",AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
142 {"atmega3290", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
143 {"atmega3290p",AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
144 {"atmega32hvb",AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
145 {"atmega406", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
146 {"atmega64", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
147 {"atmega640", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
148 {"atmega644", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
149 {"atmega644p", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
150 {"atmega128", AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
151 {"atmega1280", AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
152 {"atmega1281", AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
153 {"atmega1284p",AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
154 {"atmega645", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
155 {"atmega649", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
156 {"atmega6450", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
157 {"atmega6490", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
158 {"atmega16hva",AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
159 {"at90can32" , AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
160 {"at90can64" , AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
161 {"at90can128", AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
162 {"at90pwm216", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
163 {"at90pwm316", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
164 {"atmega32m1", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
165 {"at90usb646", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
166 {"at90usb647", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
167 {"at90usb1286",AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
168 {"at90usb1287",AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
169 {"at94k", AVR_ISA_94K, bfd_mach_avr5},
170 {"atmega2560", AVR_ISA_ALL, bfd_mach_avr6},
171 {"atmega2561", AVR_ISA_ALL, bfd_mach_avr6},
175 /* Current MCU type. */
176 static struct mcu_type_s default_mcu = {"avr2", AVR_ISA_2xxx,bfd_mach_avr2};
177 static struct mcu_type_s * avr_mcu = & default_mcu;
179 /* AVR target-specific switches. */
182 int all_opcodes; /* -mall-opcodes: accept all known AVR opcodes. */
183 int no_skip_bug; /* -mno-skip-bug: no warnings for skipping 2-word insns. */
184 int no_wrap; /* -mno-wrap: reject rjmp/rcall with 8K wrap-around. */
187 static struct avr_opt_s avr_opt = { 0, 0, 0 };
189 const char EXP_CHARS[] = "eE";
190 const char FLT_CHARS[] = "dD";
192 static void avr_set_arch (int);
194 /* The target specific pseudo-ops which we support. */
195 const pseudo_typeS md_pseudo_table[] =
197 {"arch", avr_set_arch, 0},
201 #define LDI_IMMEDIATE(x) (((x) & 0xf) | (((x) << 4) & 0xf00))
203 #define EXP_MOD_NAME(i) exp_mod[i].name
204 #define EXP_MOD_RELOC(i) exp_mod[i].reloc
205 #define EXP_MOD_NEG_RELOC(i) exp_mod[i].neg_reloc
206 #define HAVE_PM_P(i) exp_mod[i].have_pm
211 bfd_reloc_code_real_type reloc;
212 bfd_reloc_code_real_type neg_reloc;
216 static struct exp_mod_s exp_mod[] =
218 {"hh8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_NEG, 1},
219 {"pm_hh8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM_NEG, 0},
220 {"hi8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG, 1},
221 {"pm_hi8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM_NEG, 0},
222 {"lo8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI, BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG, 1},
223 {"pm_lo8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM, BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM_NEG, 0},
224 {"hlo8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_NEG, 0},
225 {"hhi8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_MS8_LDI, BFD_RELOC_AVR_MS8_LDI_NEG, 0},
228 /* A union used to store indicies into the exp_mod[] array
229 in a hash table which expects void * data types. */
236 /* Opcode hash table. */
237 static struct hash_control *avr_hash;
239 /* Reloc modifiers hash control (hh8,hi8,lo8,pm_xx). */
240 static struct hash_control *avr_mod_hash;
242 #define OPTION_MMCU 'm'
245 OPTION_ALL_OPCODES = OPTION_MD_BASE + 1,
250 struct option md_longopts[] =
252 { "mmcu", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_MMCU },
253 { "mall-opcodes", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_ALL_OPCODES },
254 { "mno-skip-bug", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_NO_SKIP_BUG },
255 { "mno-wrap", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_NO_WRAP },
256 { NULL, no_argument, NULL, 0 }
259 size_t md_longopts_size = sizeof (md_longopts);
261 /* Display nicely formatted list of known MCU names. */
264 show_mcu_list (FILE *stream)
268 fprintf (stream, _("Known MCU names:"));
271 for (i = 0; mcu_types[i].name; i++)
273 int len = strlen (mcu_types[i].name);
278 fprintf (stream, " %s", mcu_types[i].name);
281 fprintf (stream, "\n %s", mcu_types[i].name);
286 fprintf (stream, "\n");
292 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t')
297 /* Extract one word from FROM and copy it to TO. */
300 extract_word (char *from, char *to, int limit)
306 /* Drop leading whitespace. */
307 from = skip_space (from);
310 /* Find the op code end. */
311 for (op_start = op_end = from; *op_end != 0 && is_part_of_name (*op_end);)
313 to[size++] = *op_end++;
314 if (size + 1 >= limit)
323 md_estimate_size_before_relax (fragS *fragp ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
324 asection *seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
331 md_show_usage (FILE *stream)
335 " -mmcu=[avr-name] select microcontroller variant\n"
336 " [avr-name] can be:\n"
337 " avr1 - AT90S1200, ATtiny1x, ATtiny28\n"
338 " avr2 - AT90S2xxx, AT90S4xxx, AT90S8xxx, ATtiny22\n"
339 " avr3 - ATmega103\n"
340 " avr4 - ATmega8, ATmega88\n"
341 " avr5 - ATmega161, ATmega163, ATmega32, AT94K\n"
342 " or immediate microcontroller name.\n"));
344 _(" -mall-opcodes accept all AVR opcodes, even if not supported by MCU\n"
345 " -mno-skip-bug disable warnings for skipping two-word instructions\n"
346 " (default for avr4, avr5)\n"
347 " -mno-wrap reject rjmp/rcall instructions with 8K wrap-around\n"
348 " (default for avr3, avr5)\n"));
349 show_mcu_list (stream);
353 avr_set_arch (int dummy ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
357 input_line_pointer = extract_word (input_line_pointer, str, 20);
358 md_parse_option (OPTION_MMCU, str);
359 bfd_set_arch_mach (stdoutput, TARGET_ARCH, avr_mcu->mach);
363 md_parse_option (int c, char *arg)
370 char *s = alloca (strlen (arg) + 1);
377 *t = TOLOWER (*arg1++);
381 for (i = 0; mcu_types[i].name; ++i)
382 if (strcmp (mcu_types[i].name, s) == 0)
385 if (!mcu_types[i].name)
387 show_mcu_list (stderr);
388 as_fatal (_("unknown MCU: %s\n"), arg);
391 /* It is OK to redefine mcu type within the same avr[1-5] bfd machine
392 type - this for allows passing -mmcu=... via gcc ASM_SPEC as well
393 as .arch ... in the asm output at the same time. */
394 if (avr_mcu == &default_mcu || avr_mcu->mach == mcu_types[i].mach)
395 avr_mcu = &mcu_types[i];
397 as_fatal (_("redefinition of mcu type `%s' to `%s'"),
398 avr_mcu->name, mcu_types[i].name);
401 case OPTION_ALL_OPCODES:
402 avr_opt.all_opcodes = 1;
404 case OPTION_NO_SKIP_BUG:
405 avr_opt.no_skip_bug = 1;
416 md_undefined_symbol (char *name ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
422 md_atof (int type, char *litP, int *sizeP)
424 return ieee_md_atof (type, litP, sizeP, FALSE);
428 md_convert_frag (bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
429 asection *sec ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
430 fragS *fragP ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
439 struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode;
441 avr_hash = hash_new ();
443 /* Insert unique names into hash table. This hash table then provides a
444 quick index to the first opcode with a particular name in the opcode
446 for (opcode = avr_opcodes; opcode->name; opcode++)
447 hash_insert (avr_hash, opcode->name, (char *) opcode);
449 avr_mod_hash = hash_new ();
451 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE (exp_mod); ++i)
456 hash_insert (avr_mod_hash, EXP_MOD_NAME (i), m.ptr);
459 bfd_set_arch_mach (stdoutput, TARGET_ARCH, avr_mcu->mach);
462 /* Resolve STR as a constant expression and return the result.
463 If result greater than MAX then error. */
466 avr_get_constant (char *str, int max)
470 str = skip_space (str);
471 input_line_pointer = str;
474 if (ex.X_op != O_constant)
475 as_bad (_("constant value required"));
477 if (ex.X_add_number > max || ex.X_add_number < 0)
478 as_bad (_("number must be positive and less than %d"), max + 1);
480 return ex.X_add_number;
483 /* Parse for ldd/std offset. */
486 avr_offset_expression (expressionS *exp)
488 char *str = input_line_pointer;
493 str = extract_word (str, op, sizeof (op));
495 input_line_pointer = tmp;
498 /* Warn about expressions that fail to use lo8 (). */
499 if (exp->X_op == O_constant)
501 int x = exp->X_add_number;
503 if (x < -255 || x > 255)
504 as_warn (_("constant out of 8-bit range: %d"), x);
508 /* Parse ordinary expression. */
511 parse_exp (char *s, expressionS *op)
513 input_line_pointer = s;
515 if (op->X_op == O_absent)
516 as_bad (_("missing operand"));
517 return input_line_pointer;
520 /* Parse special expressions (needed for LDI command):
525 where xx is: hh, hi, lo. */
527 static bfd_reloc_code_real_type
528 avr_ldi_expression (expressionS *exp)
530 char *str = input_line_pointer;
534 int linker_stubs_should_be_generated = 0;
538 str = extract_word (str, op, sizeof (op));
544 m.ptr = hash_find (avr_mod_hash, op);
552 str = skip_space (str);
556 bfd_reloc_code_real_type reloc_to_return;
561 if (strncmp ("pm(", str, 3) == 0
562 || strncmp ("gs(",str,3) == 0
563 || strncmp ("-(gs(",str,5) == 0
564 || strncmp ("-(pm(", str, 5) == 0)
572 as_bad (_("illegal expression"));
574 if (str[0] == 'g' || str[2] == 'g')
575 linker_stubs_should_be_generated = 1;
587 if (*str == '-' && *(str + 1) == '(')
594 input_line_pointer = str;
599 if (*input_line_pointer != ')')
601 as_bad (_("`)' required"));
604 input_line_pointer++;
609 neg_p ? EXP_MOD_NEG_RELOC (mod) : EXP_MOD_RELOC (mod);
610 if (linker_stubs_should_be_generated)
612 switch (reloc_to_return)
614 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM:
615 reloc_to_return = BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_GS;
617 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM:
618 reloc_to_return = BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_GS;
622 as_warn (_("expression dangerous with linker stubs"));
625 return reloc_to_return;
630 input_line_pointer = tmp;
633 /* Warn about expressions that fail to use lo8 (). */
634 if (exp->X_op == O_constant)
636 int x = exp->X_add_number;
638 if (x < -255 || x > 255)
639 as_warn (_("constant out of 8-bit range: %d"), x);
642 return BFD_RELOC_AVR_LDI;
645 /* Parse one instruction operand.
646 Return operand bitmask. Also fixups can be generated. */
649 avr_operand (struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode,
655 unsigned int op_mask = 0;
656 char *str = skip_space (*line);
660 /* Any register operand. */
666 if (*str == 'r' || *str == 'R')
670 str = extract_word (str, r_name, sizeof (r_name));
672 if (ISDIGIT (r_name[1]))
674 if (r_name[2] == '\0')
675 op_mask = r_name[1] - '0';
676 else if (r_name[1] != '0'
677 && ISDIGIT (r_name[2])
678 && r_name[3] == '\0')
679 op_mask = (r_name[1] - '0') * 10 + r_name[2] - '0';
684 op_mask = avr_get_constant (str, 31);
685 str = input_line_pointer;
693 if (op_mask < 16 || op_mask > 23)
694 as_bad (_("register r16-r23 required"));
700 as_bad (_("register number above 15 required"));
706 as_bad (_("even register number required"));
711 if ((op_mask & 1) || op_mask < 24)
712 as_bad (_("register r24, r26, r28 or r30 required"));
713 op_mask = (op_mask - 24) >> 1;
718 as_bad (_("register name or number from 0 to 31 required"));
727 str = skip_space (str + 1);
736 as_bad (_("pointer register (X, Y or Z) required"));
738 str = skip_space (str + 1);
743 as_bad (_("cannot both predecrement and postincrement"));
747 /* avr1 can do "ld r,Z" and "st Z,r" but no other pointer
748 registers, no predecrement, no postincrement. */
749 if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes && (op_mask & 0x100F)
750 && !(avr_mcu->isa & AVR_ISA_SRAM))
751 as_bad (_("addressing mode not supported"));
757 as_bad (_("can't predecrement"));
759 if (! (*str == 'z' || *str == 'Z'))
760 as_bad (_("pointer register Z required"));
762 str = skip_space (str + 1);
770 /* attiny26 can do "lpm" and "lpm r,Z" but not "lpm r,Z+". */
771 if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes
772 && (op_mask & 0x0001)
773 && !(avr_mcu->isa & AVR_ISA_MOVW))
774 as_bad (_("postincrement not supported"));
779 char c = TOLOWER (*str++);
784 as_bad (_("pointer register (Y or Z) required"));
785 str = skip_space (str);
788 input_line_pointer = str;
789 avr_offset_expression (& op_expr);
790 str = input_line_pointer;
791 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 3,
792 &op_expr, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_AVR_6);
798 str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
799 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, opcode->insn_size * 2,
800 &op_expr, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_AVR_CALL);
804 str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
805 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, opcode->insn_size * 2,
806 &op_expr, TRUE, BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL);
810 str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
811 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, opcode->insn_size * 2,
812 &op_expr, TRUE, BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL);
816 str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
817 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where + 2, opcode->insn_size * 2,
818 &op_expr, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_16);
823 bfd_reloc_code_real_type r_type;
825 input_line_pointer = str;
826 r_type = avr_ldi_expression (&op_expr);
827 str = input_line_pointer;
828 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 3,
829 &op_expr, FALSE, r_type);
837 x = ~avr_get_constant (str, 255);
838 str = input_line_pointer;
839 op_mask |= (x & 0xf) | ((x << 4) & 0xf00);
844 input_line_pointer = str;
845 avr_offset_expression (& op_expr);
846 str = input_line_pointer;
847 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 3,
848 & op_expr, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_AVR_6_ADIW);
856 x = avr_get_constant (str, 7);
857 str = input_line_pointer;
868 x = avr_get_constant (str, 63);
869 str = input_line_pointer;
870 op_mask |= (x & 0xf) | ((x & 0x30) << 5);
878 x = avr_get_constant (str, 31);
879 str = input_line_pointer;
888 as_bad (_("unknown constraint `%c'"), *op);
895 /* Parse instruction operands.
896 Return binary opcode. */
899 avr_operands (struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode, char **line)
901 char *op = opcode->constraints;
902 unsigned int bin = opcode->bin_opcode;
903 char *frag = frag_more (opcode->insn_size * 2);
905 int where = frag - frag_now->fr_literal;
906 static unsigned int prev = 0; /* Previous opcode. */
908 /* Opcode have operands. */
911 unsigned int reg1 = 0;
912 unsigned int reg2 = 0;
913 int reg1_present = 0;
914 int reg2_present = 0;
916 /* Parse first operand. */
917 if (REGISTER_P (*op))
919 reg1 = avr_operand (opcode, where, op, &str);
922 /* Parse second operand. */
935 if (REGISTER_P (*op))
938 str = skip_space (str);
940 as_bad (_("`,' required"));
941 str = skip_space (str);
943 reg2 = avr_operand (opcode, where, op, &str);
946 if (reg1_present && reg2_present)
947 reg2 = (reg2 & 0xf) | ((reg2 << 5) & 0x200);
948 else if (reg2_present)
956 /* Detect undefined combinations (like ld r31,Z+). */
957 if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes && AVR_UNDEF_P (bin))
958 as_warn (_("undefined combination of operands"));
960 if (opcode->insn_size == 2)
962 /* Warn if the previous opcode was cpse/sbic/sbis/sbrc/sbrs
963 (AVR core bug, fixed in the newer devices). */
964 if (!(avr_opt.no_skip_bug ||
965 (avr_mcu->isa & (AVR_ISA_MUL | AVR_ISA_MOVW)))
966 && AVR_SKIP_P (prev))
967 as_warn (_("skipping two-word instruction"));
969 bfd_putl32 ((bfd_vma) bin, frag);
972 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) bin, frag);
979 /* GAS will call this function for each section at the end of the assembly,
980 to permit the CPU backend to adjust the alignment of a section. */
983 md_section_align (asection *seg, valueT addr)
985 int align = bfd_get_section_alignment (stdoutput, seg);
986 return ((addr + (1 << align) - 1) & (-1 << align));
989 /* If you define this macro, it should return the offset between the
990 address of a PC relative fixup and the position from which the PC
991 relative adjustment should be made. On many processors, the base
992 of a PC relative instruction is the next instruction, so this
993 macro would return the length of an instruction. */
996 md_pcrel_from_section (fixS *fixp, segT sec)
998 if (fixp->fx_addsy != (symbolS *) NULL
999 && (!S_IS_DEFINED (fixp->fx_addsy)
1000 || (S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_addsy) != sec)))
1003 return fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where;
1006 /* GAS will call this for each fixup. It should store the correct
1007 value in the object file. */
1010 md_apply_fix (fixS *fixP, valueT * valP, segT seg)
1012 unsigned char *where;
1016 if (fixP->fx_addsy == (symbolS *) NULL)
1019 else if (fixP->fx_pcrel)
1021 segT s = S_GET_SEGMENT (fixP->fx_addsy);
1023 if (s == seg || s == absolute_section)
1025 value += S_GET_VALUE (fixP->fx_addsy);
1030 /* We don't actually support subtracting a symbol. */
1031 if (fixP->fx_subsy != (symbolS *) NULL)
1032 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line, _("expression too complex"));
1034 switch (fixP->fx_r_type)
1037 fixP->fx_no_overflow = 1;
1039 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL:
1040 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL:
1043 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_CALL:
1049 /* Fetch the instruction, insert the fully resolved operand
1050 value, and stuff the instruction back again. */
1051 where = (unsigned char *) fixP->fx_frag->fr_literal + fixP->fx_where;
1052 insn = bfd_getl16 (where);
1054 switch (fixP->fx_r_type)
1056 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL:
1058 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1059 _("odd address operand: %ld"), value);
1061 /* Instruction addresses are always right-shifted by 1. */
1063 --value; /* Correct PC. */
1065 if (value < -64 || value > 63)
1066 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1067 _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
1068 value = (value << 3) & 0x3f8;
1069 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value | insn), where);
1072 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL:
1074 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1075 _("odd address operand: %ld"), value);
1077 /* Instruction addresses are always right-shifted by 1. */
1079 --value; /* Correct PC. */
1081 if (value < -2048 || value > 2047)
1083 /* No wrap for devices with >8K of program memory. */
1084 if ((avr_mcu->isa & AVR_ISA_MEGA) || avr_opt.no_wrap)
1085 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1086 _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
1090 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value | insn), where);
1094 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) value, where);
1098 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) value, where);
1101 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_16_PM:
1102 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value >> 1), where);
1105 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LDI:
1107 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1108 _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
1109 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value), where);
1112 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_6:
1113 if ((value > 63) || (value < 0))
1114 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1115 _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
1116 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | ((value & 7) | ((value & (3 << 3)) << 7) | ((value & (1 << 5)) << 8)), where);
1119 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_6_ADIW:
1120 if ((value > 63) || (value < 0))
1121 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1122 _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
1123 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | (value & 0xf) | ((value & 0x30) << 2), where);
1126 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI:
1127 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value), where);
1130 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI:
1131 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 8), where);
1134 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_MS8_LDI:
1135 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 24), where);
1138 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI:
1139 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 16), where);
1142 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG:
1143 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value), where);
1146 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG:
1147 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 8), where);
1150 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_MS8_LDI_NEG:
1151 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 24), where);
1154 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_NEG:
1155 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 16), where);
1158 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM:
1159 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 1), where);
1162 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM:
1163 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 9), where);
1166 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM:
1167 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 17), where);
1170 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM_NEG:
1171 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 1), where);
1174 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM_NEG:
1175 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 9), where);
1178 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM_NEG:
1179 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 17), where);
1182 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_CALL:
1186 x = bfd_getl16 (where);
1188 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1189 _("odd address operand: %ld"), value);
1191 x |= ((value & 0x10000) | ((value << 3) & 0x1f00000)) >> 16;
1192 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) x, where);
1193 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value & 0xffff), where + 2);
1198 as_fatal (_("line %d: unknown relocation type: 0x%x"),
1199 fixP->fx_line, fixP->fx_r_type);
1205 switch (fixP->fx_r_type)
1207 case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG:
1208 case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI:
1209 case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG:
1210 case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI:
1211 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1212 _("only constant expression allowed"));
1221 /* GAS will call this to generate a reloc, passing the resulting reloc
1222 to `bfd_install_relocation'. This currently works poorly, as
1223 `bfd_install_relocation' often does the wrong thing, and instances of
1224 `tc_gen_reloc' have been written to work around the problems, which
1225 in turns makes it difficult to fix `bfd_install_relocation'. */
1227 /* If while processing a fixup, a reloc really needs to be created
1228 then it is done here. */
1231 tc_gen_reloc (asection *seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
1236 if (fixp->fx_addsy && fixp->fx_subsy)
1240 if ((S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_addsy) != S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_subsy))
1241 || S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_addsy) == undefined_section)
1243 as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
1244 "Difference of symbols in different sections is not supported");
1248 /* We are dealing with two symbols defined in the same section.
1249 Let us fix-up them here. */
1250 value += S_GET_VALUE (fixp->fx_addsy);
1251 value -= S_GET_VALUE (fixp->fx_subsy);
1253 /* When fx_addsy and fx_subsy both are zero, md_apply_fix
1254 only takes it's second operands for the fixup value. */
1255 fixp->fx_addsy = NULL;
1256 fixp->fx_subsy = NULL;
1257 md_apply_fix (fixp, (valueT *) &value, NULL);
1262 reloc = xmalloc (sizeof (arelent));
1264 reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = xmalloc (sizeof (asymbol *));
1265 *reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = symbol_get_bfdsym (fixp->fx_addsy);
1267 reloc->address = fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where;
1268 reloc->howto = bfd_reloc_type_lookup (stdoutput, fixp->fx_r_type);
1269 if (reloc->howto == (reloc_howto_type *) NULL)
1271 as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
1272 _("reloc %d not supported by object file format"),
1273 (int) fixp->fx_r_type);
1277 if (fixp->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_INHERIT
1278 || fixp->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY)
1279 reloc->address = fixp->fx_offset;
1281 reloc->addend = fixp->fx_offset;
1287 md_assemble (char *str)
1289 struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode;
1292 str = skip_space (extract_word (str, op, sizeof (op)));
1295 as_bad (_("can't find opcode "));
1297 opcode = (struct avr_opcodes_s *) hash_find (avr_hash, op);
1301 as_bad (_("unknown opcode `%s'"), op);
1305 /* Special case for opcodes with optional operands (lpm, elpm) -
1306 version with operands exists in avr_opcodes[] in the next entry. */
1308 if (*str && *opcode->constraints == '?')
1311 if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes && (opcode->isa & avr_mcu->isa) != opcode->isa)
1312 as_bad (_("illegal opcode %s for mcu %s"), opcode->name, avr_mcu->name);
1314 /* We used to set input_line_pointer to the result of get_operands,
1315 but that is wrong. Our caller assumes we don't change it. */
1317 char *t = input_line_pointer;
1319 avr_operands (opcode, &str);
1320 if (*skip_space (str))
1321 as_bad (_("garbage at end of line"));
1322 input_line_pointer = t;
1326 /* Flag to pass `pm' mode between `avr_parse_cons_expression' and
1327 `avr_cons_fix_new'. */
1328 static int exp_mod_pm = 0;
1330 /* Parse special CONS expression: pm (expression)
1331 or alternatively: gs (expression).
1332 These are used for addressing program memory.
1333 Relocation: BFD_RELOC_AVR_16_PM. */
1336 avr_parse_cons_expression (expressionS *exp, int nbytes)
1342 tmp = input_line_pointer = skip_space (input_line_pointer);
1346 char *pm_name1 = "pm";
1347 char *pm_name2 = "gs";
1348 int len = strlen (pm_name1);
1349 /* len must be the same for both pm identifiers. */
1351 if (strncasecmp (input_line_pointer, pm_name1, len) == 0
1352 || strncasecmp (input_line_pointer, pm_name2, len) == 0)
1354 input_line_pointer = skip_space (input_line_pointer + len);
1356 if (*input_line_pointer == '(')
1358 input_line_pointer = skip_space (input_line_pointer + 1);
1362 if (*input_line_pointer == ')')
1363 ++input_line_pointer;
1366 as_bad (_("`)' required"));
1373 input_line_pointer = tmp;
1381 avr_cons_fix_new (fragS *frag,
1386 if (exp_mod_pm == 0)
1389 fix_new_exp (frag, where, nbytes, exp, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_16);
1390 else if (nbytes == 4)
1391 fix_new_exp (frag, where, nbytes, exp, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_32);
1393 as_bad (_("illegal %srelocation size: %d"), "", nbytes);
1398 fix_new_exp (frag, where, nbytes, exp, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_AVR_16_PM);
1400 as_bad (_("illegal %srelocation size: %d"), "`pm' ", nbytes);