1 /* tc-avr.c -- Assembler code for the ATMEL AVR
3 Copyright 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006
4 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 Contributed by Denis Chertykov <denisc@overta.ru>
7 This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
9 GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
10 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
11 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
14 GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
17 GNU General Public License for more details.
19 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20 along with GAS; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
21 the Free Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor,
22 Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. */
26 #include "safe-ctype.h"
28 #include "libiberty.h"
34 int insn_size; /* In words. */
36 unsigned int bin_opcode;
39 #define AVR_INSN(NAME, CONSTR, OPCODE, SIZE, ISA, BIN) \
40 {#NAME, CONSTR, SIZE, ISA, BIN},
42 struct avr_opcodes_s avr_opcodes[] =
44 #include "opcode/avr.h"
48 const char comment_chars[] = ";";
49 const char line_comment_chars[] = "#";
50 const char line_separator_chars[] = "$";
52 const char *md_shortopts = "m:";
60 /* XXX - devices that don't seem to exist (renamed, replaced with larger
61 ones, or planned but never produced), left here for compatibility.
62 TODO: hide them in show_mcu_list output? */
64 static struct mcu_type_s mcu_types[] =
66 {"avr1", AVR_ISA_TINY1, bfd_mach_avr1},
67 {"avr2", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
68 {"avr3", AVR_ISA_M103, bfd_mach_avr3},
69 {"avr4", AVR_ISA_M8, bfd_mach_avr4},
70 {"avr5", AVR_ISA_ALL, bfd_mach_avr5},
71 {"avr6", AVR_ISA_ALL, bfd_mach_avr6},
72 {"at90s1200", AVR_ISA_1200, bfd_mach_avr1},
73 {"attiny10", AVR_ISA_TINY1, bfd_mach_avr1}, /* XXX -> tn11 */
74 {"attiny11", AVR_ISA_TINY1, bfd_mach_avr1},
75 {"attiny12", AVR_ISA_TINY1, bfd_mach_avr1},
76 {"attiny15", AVR_ISA_TINY1, bfd_mach_avr1},
77 {"attiny28", AVR_ISA_TINY1, bfd_mach_avr1},
78 {"at90s2313", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
79 {"at90s2323", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
80 {"at90s2333", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2}, /* XXX -> 4433 */
81 {"at90s2343", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
82 {"attiny22", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2}, /* XXX -> 2343 */
83 {"attiny26", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
84 {"at90s4433", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
85 {"at90s4414", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2}, /* XXX -> 8515 */
86 {"at90s4434", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2}, /* XXX -> 8535 */
87 {"at90s8515", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
88 {"at90s8535", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
89 {"at90c8534", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
90 {"at86rf401", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
91 {"attiny13", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
92 {"attiny2313", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
93 {"attiny261", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
94 {"attiny461", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
95 {"attiny861", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
96 {"attiny24", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
97 {"attiny44", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
98 {"attiny84", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
99 {"attiny25", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
100 {"attiny45", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
101 {"attiny85", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
102 {"atmega603", AVR_ISA_M603, bfd_mach_avr3}, /* XXX -> m103 */
103 {"atmega103", AVR_ISA_M103, bfd_mach_avr3},
104 {"at43usb320", AVR_ISA_M103, bfd_mach_avr3},
105 {"at43usb355", AVR_ISA_M603, bfd_mach_avr3},
106 {"at76c711", AVR_ISA_M603, bfd_mach_avr3},
107 {"atmega48", AVR_ISA_PWMx, bfd_mach_avr4},
108 {"atmega8", AVR_ISA_M8, bfd_mach_avr4},
109 {"atmega83", AVR_ISA_M8, bfd_mach_avr4}, /* XXX -> m8535 */
110 {"atmega85", AVR_ISA_M8, bfd_mach_avr4}, /* XXX -> m8 */
111 {"atmega88", AVR_ISA_PWMx, bfd_mach_avr4},
112 {"atmega8515", AVR_ISA_M8, bfd_mach_avr4},
113 {"atmega8535", AVR_ISA_M8, bfd_mach_avr4},
114 {"at90pwm2", AVR_ISA_PWMx, bfd_mach_avr4},
115 {"at90pwm3", AVR_ISA_PWMx, bfd_mach_avr4},
116 {"atmega16", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
117 {"atmega161", AVR_ISA_M161, bfd_mach_avr5},
118 {"atmega162", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
119 {"atmega163", AVR_ISA_M161, bfd_mach_avr5},
120 {"atmega164", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
121 {"atmega165", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
122 {"atmega168", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
123 {"atmega169", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
124 {"atmega32", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
125 {"atmega323", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
126 {"atmega324", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
127 {"atmega325", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
128 {"atmega329", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
129 {"atmega3250", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
130 {"atmega3290", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
131 {"atmega406", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
132 {"atmega64", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
133 {"atmega640", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
134 {"atmega644", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
135 {"atmega128", AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
136 {"atmega1280", AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
137 {"atmega1281", AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
138 {"atmega645", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
139 {"atmega649", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
140 {"atmega6450", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
141 {"atmega6490", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
142 {"at90can32" , AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
143 {"at90can64" , AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
144 {"at90can128", AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
145 {"at90usb646", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
146 {"at90usb647", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
147 {"at90usb1286",AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
148 {"at90usb1287",AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
149 {"at94k", AVR_ISA_94K, bfd_mach_avr5},
150 {"atmega2560", AVR_ISA_ALL, bfd_mach_avr6},
151 {"atmega2561", AVR_ISA_ALL, bfd_mach_avr6},
155 /* Current MCU type. */
156 static struct mcu_type_s default_mcu = {"avr2", AVR_ISA_2xxx,bfd_mach_avr2};
157 static struct mcu_type_s * avr_mcu = & default_mcu;
159 /* AVR target-specific switches. */
162 int all_opcodes; /* -mall-opcodes: accept all known AVR opcodes. */
163 int no_skip_bug; /* -mno-skip-bug: no warnings for skipping 2-word insns. */
164 int no_wrap; /* -mno-wrap: reject rjmp/rcall with 8K wrap-around. */
167 static struct avr_opt_s avr_opt = { 0, 0, 0 };
169 const char EXP_CHARS[] = "eE";
170 const char FLT_CHARS[] = "dD";
172 static void avr_set_arch (int);
174 /* The target specific pseudo-ops which we support. */
175 const pseudo_typeS md_pseudo_table[] =
177 {"arch", avr_set_arch, 0},
181 #define LDI_IMMEDIATE(x) (((x) & 0xf) | (((x) << 4) & 0xf00))
183 #define EXP_MOD_NAME(i) exp_mod[i].name
184 #define EXP_MOD_RELOC(i) exp_mod[i].reloc
185 #define EXP_MOD_NEG_RELOC(i) exp_mod[i].neg_reloc
186 #define HAVE_PM_P(i) exp_mod[i].have_pm
191 bfd_reloc_code_real_type reloc;
192 bfd_reloc_code_real_type neg_reloc;
196 static struct exp_mod_s exp_mod[] =
198 {"hh8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_NEG, 1},
199 {"pm_hh8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM_NEG, 0},
200 {"hi8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG, 1},
201 {"pm_hi8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM_NEG, 0},
202 {"lo8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI, BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG, 1},
203 {"pm_lo8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM, BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM_NEG, 0},
204 {"hlo8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_NEG, 0},
205 {"hhi8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_MS8_LDI, BFD_RELOC_AVR_MS8_LDI_NEG, 0},
208 /* A union used to store indicies into the exp_mod[] array
209 in a hash table which expects void * data types. */
216 /* Opcode hash table. */
217 static struct hash_control *avr_hash;
219 /* Reloc modifiers hash control (hh8,hi8,lo8,pm_xx). */
220 static struct hash_control *avr_mod_hash;
222 #define OPTION_MMCU 'm'
225 OPTION_ALL_OPCODES = OPTION_MD_BASE + 1,
230 struct option md_longopts[] =
232 { "mmcu", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_MMCU },
233 { "mall-opcodes", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_ALL_OPCODES },
234 { "mno-skip-bug", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_NO_SKIP_BUG },
235 { "mno-wrap", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_NO_WRAP },
236 { NULL, no_argument, NULL, 0 }
239 size_t md_longopts_size = sizeof (md_longopts);
241 /* Display nicely formatted list of known MCU names. */
244 show_mcu_list (FILE *stream)
248 fprintf (stream, _("Known MCU names:"));
251 for (i = 0; mcu_types[i].name; i++)
253 int len = strlen (mcu_types[i].name);
258 fprintf (stream, " %s", mcu_types[i].name);
261 fprintf (stream, "\n %s", mcu_types[i].name);
266 fprintf (stream, "\n");
272 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t')
277 /* Extract one word from FROM and copy it to TO. */
280 extract_word (char *from, char *to, int limit)
286 /* Drop leading whitespace. */
287 from = skip_space (from);
290 /* Find the op code end. */
291 for (op_start = op_end = from; *op_end != 0 && is_part_of_name (*op_end);)
293 to[size++] = *op_end++;
294 if (size + 1 >= limit)
303 md_estimate_size_before_relax (fragS *fragp ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
304 asection *seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
311 md_show_usage (FILE *stream)
315 " -mmcu=[avr-name] select microcontroller variant\n"
316 " [avr-name] can be:\n"
317 " avr1 - AT90S1200, ATtiny1x, ATtiny28\n"
318 " avr2 - AT90S2xxx, AT90S4xxx, AT90S8xxx, ATtiny22\n"
319 " avr3 - ATmega103, ATmega603\n"
320 " avr4 - ATmega83, ATmega85\n"
321 " avr5 - ATmega161, ATmega163, ATmega32, AT94K\n"
322 " or immediate microcontroller name.\n"));
324 _(" -mall-opcodes accept all AVR opcodes, even if not supported by MCU\n"
325 " -mno-skip-bug disable warnings for skipping two-word instructions\n"
326 " (default for avr4, avr5)\n"
327 " -mno-wrap reject rjmp/rcall instructions with 8K wrap-around\n"
328 " (default for avr3, avr5)\n"));
329 show_mcu_list (stream);
333 avr_set_arch (int dummy ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
337 input_line_pointer = extract_word (input_line_pointer, str, 20);
338 md_parse_option (OPTION_MMCU, str);
339 bfd_set_arch_mach (stdoutput, TARGET_ARCH, avr_mcu->mach);
343 md_parse_option (int c, char *arg)
350 char *s = alloca (strlen (arg) + 1);
357 *t = TOLOWER (*arg1++);
361 for (i = 0; mcu_types[i].name; ++i)
362 if (strcmp (mcu_types[i].name, s) == 0)
365 if (!mcu_types[i].name)
367 show_mcu_list (stderr);
368 as_fatal (_("unknown MCU: %s\n"), arg);
371 /* It is OK to redefine mcu type within the same avr[1-5] bfd machine
372 type - this for allows passing -mmcu=... via gcc ASM_SPEC as well
373 as .arch ... in the asm output at the same time. */
374 if (avr_mcu == &default_mcu || avr_mcu->mach == mcu_types[i].mach)
375 avr_mcu = &mcu_types[i];
377 as_fatal (_("redefinition of mcu type `%s' to `%s'"),
378 avr_mcu->name, mcu_types[i].name);
381 case OPTION_ALL_OPCODES:
382 avr_opt.all_opcodes = 1;
384 case OPTION_NO_SKIP_BUG:
385 avr_opt.no_skip_bug = 1;
396 md_undefined_symbol (char *name ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
401 /* Turn a string in input_line_pointer into a floating point constant
402 of type TYPE, and store the appropriate bytes in *LITP. The number
403 of LITTLENUMS emitted is stored in *SIZEP. An error message is
404 returned, or NULL on OK. */
407 md_atof (int type, char *litP, int *sizeP)
410 LITTLENUM_TYPE words[4];
411 LITTLENUM_TYPE *wordP;
424 return _("bad call to md_atof");
427 t = atof_ieee (input_line_pointer, type, words);
429 input_line_pointer = t;
431 *sizeP = prec * sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE);
433 /* This loop outputs the LITTLENUMs in REVERSE order. */
434 for (wordP = words + prec - 1; prec--;)
436 md_number_to_chars (litP, (valueT) (*wordP--), sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE));
437 litP += sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE);
444 md_convert_frag (bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
445 asection *sec ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
446 fragS *fragP ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
455 struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode;
457 avr_hash = hash_new ();
459 /* Insert unique names into hash table. This hash table then provides a
460 quick index to the first opcode with a particular name in the opcode
462 for (opcode = avr_opcodes; opcode->name; opcode++)
463 hash_insert (avr_hash, opcode->name, (char *) opcode);
465 avr_mod_hash = hash_new ();
467 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE (exp_mod); ++i)
472 hash_insert (avr_mod_hash, EXP_MOD_NAME (i), m.ptr);
475 bfd_set_arch_mach (stdoutput, TARGET_ARCH, avr_mcu->mach);
478 /* Resolve STR as a constant expression and return the result.
479 If result greater than MAX then error. */
482 avr_get_constant (char *str, int max)
486 str = skip_space (str);
487 input_line_pointer = str;
490 if (ex.X_op != O_constant)
491 as_bad (_("constant value required"));
493 if (ex.X_add_number > max || ex.X_add_number < 0)
494 as_bad (_("number must be less than %d"), max + 1);
496 return ex.X_add_number;
499 /* Parse for ldd/std offset. */
502 avr_offset_expression (expressionS *exp)
504 char *str = input_line_pointer;
509 str = extract_word (str, op, sizeof (op));
511 input_line_pointer = tmp;
514 /* Warn about expressions that fail to use lo8 (). */
515 if (exp->X_op == O_constant)
517 int x = exp->X_add_number;
519 if (x < -255 || x > 255)
520 as_warn (_("constant out of 8-bit range: %d"), x);
524 /* Parse ordinary expression. */
527 parse_exp (char *s, expressionS *op)
529 input_line_pointer = s;
531 if (op->X_op == O_absent)
532 as_bad (_("missing operand"));
533 return input_line_pointer;
536 /* Parse special expressions (needed for LDI command):
541 where xx is: hh, hi, lo. */
543 static bfd_reloc_code_real_type
544 avr_ldi_expression (expressionS *exp)
546 char *str = input_line_pointer;
550 int linker_stubs_should_be_generated = 0;
554 str = extract_word (str, op, sizeof (op));
560 m.ptr = hash_find (avr_mod_hash, op);
568 str = skip_space (str);
572 bfd_reloc_code_real_type reloc_to_return;
577 if (strncmp ("pm(", str, 3) == 0
578 || strncmp ("gs(",str,3) == 0
579 || strncmp ("-(gs(",str,5) == 0
580 || strncmp ("-(pm(", str, 5) == 0)
588 as_bad (_("illegal expression"));
590 if (str[0] == 'g' || str[2] == 'g')
591 linker_stubs_should_be_generated = 1;
603 if (*str == '-' && *(str + 1) == '(')
610 input_line_pointer = str;
615 if (*input_line_pointer != ')')
617 as_bad (_("`)' required"));
620 input_line_pointer++;
625 neg_p ? EXP_MOD_NEG_RELOC (mod) : EXP_MOD_RELOC (mod);
626 if (linker_stubs_should_be_generated)
628 switch (reloc_to_return)
630 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM:
631 reloc_to_return = BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_GS;
633 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM:
634 reloc_to_return = BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_GS;
638 as_warn (_("expression dangerous with linker stubs"));
641 return reloc_to_return;
646 input_line_pointer = tmp;
649 /* Warn about expressions that fail to use lo8 (). */
650 if (exp->X_op == O_constant)
652 int x = exp->X_add_number;
654 if (x < -255 || x > 255)
655 as_warn (_("constant out of 8-bit range: %d"), x);
658 return BFD_RELOC_AVR_LDI;
661 /* Parse one instruction operand.
662 Return operand bitmask. Also fixups can be generated. */
665 avr_operand (struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode,
671 unsigned int op_mask = 0;
672 char *str = skip_space (*line);
676 /* Any register operand. */
682 if (*str == 'r' || *str == 'R')
686 str = extract_word (str, r_name, sizeof (r_name));
688 if (ISDIGIT (r_name[1]))
690 if (r_name[2] == '\0')
691 op_mask = r_name[1] - '0';
692 else if (r_name[1] != '0'
693 && ISDIGIT (r_name[2])
694 && r_name[3] == '\0')
695 op_mask = (r_name[1] - '0') * 10 + r_name[2] - '0';
700 op_mask = avr_get_constant (str, 31);
701 str = input_line_pointer;
709 if (op_mask < 16 || op_mask > 23)
710 as_bad (_("register r16-r23 required"));
716 as_bad (_("register number above 15 required"));
722 as_bad (_("even register number required"));
727 if ((op_mask & 1) || op_mask < 24)
728 as_bad (_("register r24, r26, r28 or r30 required"));
729 op_mask = (op_mask - 24) >> 1;
734 as_bad (_("register name or number from 0 to 31 required"));
743 str = skip_space (str + 1);
752 as_bad (_("pointer register (X, Y or Z) required"));
754 str = skip_space (str + 1);
759 as_bad (_("cannot both predecrement and postincrement"));
763 /* avr1 can do "ld r,Z" and "st Z,r" but no other pointer
764 registers, no predecrement, no postincrement. */
765 if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes && (op_mask & 0x100F)
766 && !(avr_mcu->isa & AVR_ISA_SRAM))
767 as_bad (_("addressing mode not supported"));
773 as_bad (_("can't predecrement"));
775 if (! (*str == 'z' || *str == 'Z'))
776 as_bad (_("pointer register Z required"));
778 str = skip_space (str + 1);
789 char c = TOLOWER (*str++);
794 as_bad (_("pointer register (Y or Z) required"));
795 str = skip_space (str);
798 input_line_pointer = str;
799 avr_offset_expression (& op_expr);
800 str = input_line_pointer;
801 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 3,
802 &op_expr, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_AVR_6);
808 str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
809 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, opcode->insn_size * 2,
810 &op_expr, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_AVR_CALL);
814 str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
815 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, opcode->insn_size * 2,
816 &op_expr, TRUE, BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL);
820 str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
821 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, opcode->insn_size * 2,
822 &op_expr, TRUE, BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL);
826 str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
827 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where + 2, opcode->insn_size * 2,
828 &op_expr, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_16);
833 bfd_reloc_code_real_type r_type;
835 input_line_pointer = str;
836 r_type = avr_ldi_expression (&op_expr);
837 str = input_line_pointer;
838 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 3,
839 &op_expr, FALSE, r_type);
847 x = ~avr_get_constant (str, 255);
848 str = input_line_pointer;
849 op_mask |= (x & 0xf) | ((x << 4) & 0xf00);
854 input_line_pointer = str;
855 avr_offset_expression (& op_expr);
856 str = input_line_pointer;
857 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 3,
858 & op_expr, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_AVR_6_ADIW);
866 x = avr_get_constant (str, 7);
867 str = input_line_pointer;
878 x = avr_get_constant (str, 63);
879 str = input_line_pointer;
880 op_mask |= (x & 0xf) | ((x & 0x30) << 5);
888 x = avr_get_constant (str, 31);
889 str = input_line_pointer;
898 as_bad (_("unknown constraint `%c'"), *op);
905 /* Parse instruction operands.
906 Return binary opcode. */
909 avr_operands (struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode, char **line)
911 char *op = opcode->constraints;
912 unsigned int bin = opcode->bin_opcode;
913 char *frag = frag_more (opcode->insn_size * 2);
915 int where = frag - frag_now->fr_literal;
916 static unsigned int prev = 0; /* Previous opcode. */
918 /* Opcode have operands. */
921 unsigned int reg1 = 0;
922 unsigned int reg2 = 0;
923 int reg1_present = 0;
924 int reg2_present = 0;
926 /* Parse first operand. */
927 if (REGISTER_P (*op))
929 reg1 = avr_operand (opcode, where, op, &str);
932 /* Parse second operand. */
945 if (REGISTER_P (*op))
948 str = skip_space (str);
950 as_bad (_("`,' required"));
951 str = skip_space (str);
953 reg2 = avr_operand (opcode, where, op, &str);
956 if (reg1_present && reg2_present)
957 reg2 = (reg2 & 0xf) | ((reg2 << 5) & 0x200);
958 else if (reg2_present)
966 /* Detect undefined combinations (like ld r31,Z+). */
967 if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes && AVR_UNDEF_P (bin))
968 as_warn (_("undefined combination of operands"));
970 if (opcode->insn_size == 2)
972 /* Warn if the previous opcode was cpse/sbic/sbis/sbrc/sbrs
973 (AVR core bug, fixed in the newer devices). */
974 if (!(avr_opt.no_skip_bug ||
975 (avr_mcu->isa & (AVR_ISA_MUL | AVR_ISA_MOVW)))
976 && AVR_SKIP_P (prev))
977 as_warn (_("skipping two-word instruction"));
979 bfd_putl32 ((bfd_vma) bin, frag);
982 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) bin, frag);
989 /* GAS will call this function for each section at the end of the assembly,
990 to permit the CPU backend to adjust the alignment of a section. */
993 md_section_align (asection *seg, valueT addr)
995 int align = bfd_get_section_alignment (stdoutput, seg);
996 return ((addr + (1 << align) - 1) & (-1 << align));
999 /* If you define this macro, it should return the offset between the
1000 address of a PC relative fixup and the position from which the PC
1001 relative adjustment should be made. On many processors, the base
1002 of a PC relative instruction is the next instruction, so this
1003 macro would return the length of an instruction. */
1006 md_pcrel_from_section (fixS *fixp, segT sec)
1008 if (fixp->fx_addsy != (symbolS *) NULL
1009 && (!S_IS_DEFINED (fixp->fx_addsy)
1010 || (S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_addsy) != sec)))
1013 return fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where;
1016 /* GAS will call this for each fixup. It should store the correct
1017 value in the object file. */
1020 md_apply_fix (fixS *fixP, valueT * valP, segT seg)
1022 unsigned char *where;
1026 if (fixP->fx_addsy == (symbolS *) NULL)
1029 else if (fixP->fx_pcrel)
1031 segT s = S_GET_SEGMENT (fixP->fx_addsy);
1033 if (s == seg || s == absolute_section)
1035 value += S_GET_VALUE (fixP->fx_addsy);
1040 /* We don't actually support subtracting a symbol. */
1041 if (fixP->fx_subsy != (symbolS *) NULL)
1042 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line, _("expression too complex"));
1044 switch (fixP->fx_r_type)
1047 fixP->fx_no_overflow = 1;
1049 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL:
1050 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL:
1053 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_CALL:
1059 /* Fetch the instruction, insert the fully resolved operand
1060 value, and stuff the instruction back again. */
1061 where = (unsigned char *) fixP->fx_frag->fr_literal + fixP->fx_where;
1062 insn = bfd_getl16 (where);
1064 switch (fixP->fx_r_type)
1066 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL:
1068 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1069 _("odd address operand: %ld"), value);
1071 /* Instruction addresses are always right-shifted by 1. */
1073 --value; /* Correct PC. */
1075 if (value < -64 || value > 63)
1076 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1077 _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
1078 value = (value << 3) & 0x3f8;
1079 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value | insn), where);
1082 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL:
1084 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1085 _("odd address operand: %ld"), value);
1087 /* Instruction addresses are always right-shifted by 1. */
1089 --value; /* Correct PC. */
1091 if (value < -2048 || value > 2047)
1093 /* No wrap for devices with >8K of program memory. */
1094 if ((avr_mcu->isa & AVR_ISA_MEGA) || avr_opt.no_wrap)
1095 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1096 _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
1100 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value | insn), where);
1104 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) value, where);
1108 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) value, where);
1111 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_16_PM:
1112 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value >> 1), where);
1115 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LDI:
1117 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1118 _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
1119 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value), where);
1122 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_6:
1123 if ((value > 63) || (value < 0))
1124 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1125 _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
1126 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | ((value & 7) | ((value & (3 << 3)) << 7) | ((value & (1 << 5)) << 8)), where);
1129 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_6_ADIW:
1130 if ((value > 63) || (value < 0))
1131 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1132 _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
1133 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | (value & 0xf) | ((value & 0x30) << 2), where);
1136 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI:
1137 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value), where);
1140 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI:
1141 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 8), where);
1144 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_MS8_LDI:
1145 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 24), where);
1148 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI:
1149 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 16), where);
1152 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG:
1153 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value), where);
1156 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG:
1157 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 8), where);
1160 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_MS8_LDI_NEG:
1161 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 24), where);
1164 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_NEG:
1165 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 16), where);
1168 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM:
1169 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 1), where);
1172 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM:
1173 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 9), where);
1176 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM:
1177 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 17), where);
1180 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM_NEG:
1181 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 1), where);
1184 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM_NEG:
1185 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 9), where);
1188 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM_NEG:
1189 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 17), where);
1192 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_CALL:
1196 x = bfd_getl16 (where);
1198 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1199 _("odd address operand: %ld"), value);
1201 x |= ((value & 0x10000) | ((value << 3) & 0x1f00000)) >> 16;
1202 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) x, where);
1203 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value & 0xffff), where + 2);
1208 as_fatal (_("line %d: unknown relocation type: 0x%x"),
1209 fixP->fx_line, fixP->fx_r_type);
1215 switch (fixP->fx_r_type)
1217 case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG:
1218 case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI:
1219 case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG:
1220 case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI:
1221 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1222 _("only constant expression allowed"));
1231 /* GAS will call this to generate a reloc, passing the resulting reloc
1232 to `bfd_install_relocation'. This currently works poorly, as
1233 `bfd_install_relocation' often does the wrong thing, and instances of
1234 `tc_gen_reloc' have been written to work around the problems, which
1235 in turns makes it difficult to fix `bfd_install_relocation'. */
1237 /* If while processing a fixup, a reloc really needs to be created
1238 then it is done here. */
1241 tc_gen_reloc (asection *seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
1246 if (fixp->fx_addsy && fixp->fx_subsy)
1250 if ((S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_addsy) != S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_subsy))
1251 || S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_addsy) == undefined_section)
1253 as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
1254 "Difference of symbols in different sections is not supported");
1258 /* We are dealing with two symbols defined in the same section.
1259 Let us fix-up them here. */
1260 value += S_GET_VALUE (fixp->fx_addsy);
1261 value -= S_GET_VALUE (fixp->fx_subsy);
1263 /* When fx_addsy and fx_subsy both are zero, md_apply_fix
1264 only takes it's second operands for the fixup value. */
1265 fixp->fx_addsy = NULL;
1266 fixp->fx_subsy = NULL;
1267 md_apply_fix (fixp, (valueT *) &value, NULL);
1272 reloc = xmalloc (sizeof (arelent));
1274 reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = xmalloc (sizeof (asymbol *));
1275 *reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = symbol_get_bfdsym (fixp->fx_addsy);
1277 reloc->address = fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where;
1278 reloc->howto = bfd_reloc_type_lookup (stdoutput, fixp->fx_r_type);
1279 if (reloc->howto == (reloc_howto_type *) NULL)
1281 as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
1282 _("reloc %d not supported by object file format"),
1283 (int) fixp->fx_r_type);
1287 if (fixp->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_INHERIT
1288 || fixp->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY)
1289 reloc->address = fixp->fx_offset;
1291 reloc->addend = fixp->fx_offset;
1297 md_assemble (char *str)
1299 struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode;
1302 str = skip_space (extract_word (str, op, sizeof (op)));
1305 as_bad (_("can't find opcode "));
1307 opcode = (struct avr_opcodes_s *) hash_find (avr_hash, op);
1311 as_bad (_("unknown opcode `%s'"), op);
1315 /* Special case for opcodes with optional operands (lpm, elpm) -
1316 version with operands exists in avr_opcodes[] in the next entry. */
1318 if (*str && *opcode->constraints == '?')
1321 if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes && (opcode->isa & avr_mcu->isa) != opcode->isa)
1322 as_bad (_("illegal opcode %s for mcu %s"), opcode->name, avr_mcu->name);
1324 /* We used to set input_line_pointer to the result of get_operands,
1325 but that is wrong. Our caller assumes we don't change it. */
1327 char *t = input_line_pointer;
1329 avr_operands (opcode, &str);
1330 if (*skip_space (str))
1331 as_bad (_("garbage at end of line"));
1332 input_line_pointer = t;
1336 /* Flag to pass `pm' mode between `avr_parse_cons_expression' and
1337 `avr_cons_fix_new'. */
1338 static int exp_mod_pm = 0;
1340 /* Parse special CONS expression: pm (expression)
1341 or alternatively: gs (expression).
1342 These are used for addressing program memory.
1343 Relocation: BFD_RELOC_AVR_16_PM. */
1346 avr_parse_cons_expression (expressionS *exp, int nbytes)
1352 tmp = input_line_pointer = skip_space (input_line_pointer);
1356 char *pm_name1 = "pm";
1357 char *pm_name2 = "gs";
1358 int len = strlen (pm_name1);
1359 /* len must be the same for both pm identifiers. */
1361 if (strncasecmp (input_line_pointer, pm_name1, len) == 0
1362 || strncasecmp (input_line_pointer, pm_name2, len) == 0)
1364 input_line_pointer = skip_space (input_line_pointer + len);
1366 if (*input_line_pointer == '(')
1368 input_line_pointer = skip_space (input_line_pointer + 1);
1372 if (*input_line_pointer == ')')
1373 ++input_line_pointer;
1376 as_bad (_("`)' required"));
1383 input_line_pointer = tmp;
1391 avr_cons_fix_new (fragS *frag,
1396 if (exp_mod_pm == 0)
1399 fix_new_exp (frag, where, nbytes, exp, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_16);
1400 else if (nbytes == 4)
1401 fix_new_exp (frag, where, nbytes, exp, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_32);
1403 as_bad (_("illegal %srelocation size: %d"), "", nbytes);
1408 fix_new_exp (frag, where, nbytes, exp, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_AVR_16_PM);
1410 as_bad (_("illegal %srelocation size: %d"), "`pm' ", nbytes);