1 /* tc-avr.c -- Assembler code for the ATMEL AVR
3 Copyright 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006
4 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 Contributed by Denis Chertykov <denisc@overta.ru>
7 This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
9 GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
10 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
11 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
14 GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
17 GNU General Public License for more details.
19 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20 along with GAS; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
21 the Free Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor,
22 Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. */
26 #include "safe-ctype.h"
28 #include "libiberty.h"
34 int insn_size; /* In words. */
36 unsigned int bin_opcode;
39 #define AVR_INSN(NAME, CONSTR, OPCODE, SIZE, ISA, BIN) \
40 {#NAME, CONSTR, SIZE, ISA, BIN},
42 struct avr_opcodes_s avr_opcodes[] =
44 #include "opcode/avr.h"
48 const char comment_chars[] = ";";
49 const char line_comment_chars[] = "#";
50 const char line_separator_chars[] = "$";
52 const char *md_shortopts = "m:";
60 /* XXX - devices that don't seem to exist (renamed, replaced with larger
61 ones, or planned but never produced), left here for compatibility.
62 TODO: hide them in show_mcu_list output? */
64 static struct mcu_type_s mcu_types[] =
66 {"avr1", AVR_ISA_TINY1, bfd_mach_avr1},
67 {"avr2", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
68 {"avr3", AVR_ISA_M103, bfd_mach_avr3},
69 {"avr4", AVR_ISA_M8, bfd_mach_avr4},
70 {"avr5", AVR_ISA_ALL, bfd_mach_avr5},
71 {"at90s1200", AVR_ISA_1200, bfd_mach_avr1},
72 {"attiny10", AVR_ISA_TINY1, bfd_mach_avr1}, /* XXX -> tn11 */
73 {"attiny11", AVR_ISA_TINY1, bfd_mach_avr1},
74 {"attiny12", AVR_ISA_TINY1, bfd_mach_avr1},
75 {"attiny15", AVR_ISA_TINY1, bfd_mach_avr1},
76 {"attiny28", AVR_ISA_TINY1, bfd_mach_avr1},
77 {"at90s2313", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
78 {"at90s2323", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
79 {"at90s2333", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2}, /* XXX -> 4433 */
80 {"at90s2343", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
81 {"attiny22", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2}, /* XXX -> 2343 */
82 {"attiny26", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
83 {"at90s4433", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
84 {"at90s4414", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2}, /* XXX -> 8515 */
85 {"at90s4434", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2}, /* XXX -> 8535 */
86 {"at90s8515", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
87 {"at90s8535", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
88 {"at90c8534", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
89 {"at86rf401", AVR_ISA_2xxx, bfd_mach_avr2},
90 {"attiny13", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
91 {"attiny2313",AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
92 {"attiny261", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
93 {"attiny461", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
94 {"attiny861", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
95 {"attiny24", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
96 {"attiny44", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
97 {"attiny84", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
98 {"attiny25", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
99 {"attiny45", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
100 {"attiny85", AVR_ISA_TINY2, bfd_mach_avr2},
101 {"atmega603", AVR_ISA_M603, bfd_mach_avr3}, /* XXX -> m103 */
102 {"atmega103", AVR_ISA_M103, bfd_mach_avr3},
103 {"at43usb320",AVR_ISA_M103, bfd_mach_avr3},
104 {"at43usb355",AVR_ISA_M603, bfd_mach_avr3},
105 {"at76c711", AVR_ISA_M603, bfd_mach_avr3},
106 {"atmega48", AVR_ISA_PWMx, bfd_mach_avr4},
107 {"atmega8", AVR_ISA_M8, bfd_mach_avr4},
108 {"atmega83", AVR_ISA_M8, bfd_mach_avr4}, /* XXX -> m8535 */
109 {"atmega85", AVR_ISA_M8, bfd_mach_avr4}, /* XXX -> m8 */
110 {"atmega88", AVR_ISA_PWMx, bfd_mach_avr4},
111 {"atmega8515",AVR_ISA_M8, bfd_mach_avr4},
112 {"atmega8535",AVR_ISA_M8, bfd_mach_avr4},
113 {"at90pwm2", AVR_ISA_PWMx, bfd_mach_avr4},
114 {"at90pwm3", AVR_ISA_PWMx, bfd_mach_avr4},
115 {"atmega16", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
116 {"atmega161", AVR_ISA_M161, bfd_mach_avr5},
117 {"atmega162", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
118 {"atmega163", AVR_ISA_M161, bfd_mach_avr5},
119 {"atmega164", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
120 {"atmega165", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
121 {"atmega168", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
122 {"atmega169", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
123 {"atmega32", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
124 {"atmega323", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
125 {"atmega324", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
126 {"atmega325", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
127 {"atmega329", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
128 {"atmega3250",AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
129 {"atmega3290",AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
130 {"atmega406", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
131 {"atmega64", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
132 {"atmega640", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
133 {"atmega644", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
134 {"atmega128", AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
135 {"atmega1280",AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
136 {"atmega1281",AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
137 {"atmega645", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
138 {"atmega649", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
139 {"atmega6450",AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
140 {"atmega6490",AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
141 {"at90can32" ,AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
142 {"at90can64" ,AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
143 {"at90can128",AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
144 {"at90usb646", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
145 {"at90usb647", AVR_ISA_M323, bfd_mach_avr5},
146 {"at90usb1286",AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
147 {"at90usb1287",AVR_ISA_M128, bfd_mach_avr5},
148 {"at94k", AVR_ISA_94K, bfd_mach_avr5},
152 /* Current MCU type. */
153 static struct mcu_type_s default_mcu = {"avr2", AVR_ISA_2xxx,bfd_mach_avr2};
154 static struct mcu_type_s * avr_mcu = & default_mcu;
156 /* AVR target-specific switches. */
159 int all_opcodes; /* -mall-opcodes: accept all known AVR opcodes. */
160 int no_skip_bug; /* -mno-skip-bug: no warnings for skipping 2-word insns. */
161 int no_wrap; /* -mno-wrap: reject rjmp/rcall with 8K wrap-around. */
164 static struct avr_opt_s avr_opt = { 0, 0, 0 };
166 const char EXP_CHARS[] = "eE";
167 const char FLT_CHARS[] = "dD";
169 static void avr_set_arch (int);
171 /* The target specific pseudo-ops which we support. */
172 const pseudo_typeS md_pseudo_table[] =
174 {"arch", avr_set_arch, 0},
178 #define LDI_IMMEDIATE(x) (((x) & 0xf) | (((x) << 4) & 0xf00))
180 #define EXP_MOD_NAME(i) exp_mod[i].name
181 #define EXP_MOD_RELOC(i) exp_mod[i].reloc
182 #define EXP_MOD_NEG_RELOC(i) exp_mod[i].neg_reloc
183 #define HAVE_PM_P(i) exp_mod[i].have_pm
188 bfd_reloc_code_real_type reloc;
189 bfd_reloc_code_real_type neg_reloc;
193 static struct exp_mod_s exp_mod[] =
195 {"hh8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_NEG, 1},
196 {"pm_hh8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM_NEG, 0},
197 {"hi8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG, 1},
198 {"pm_hi8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM_NEG, 0},
199 {"lo8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI, BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG, 1},
200 {"pm_lo8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM, BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM_NEG, 0},
201 {"hlo8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_NEG, 0},
202 {"hhi8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_MS8_LDI, BFD_RELOC_AVR_MS8_LDI_NEG, 0},
205 /* A union used to store indicies into the exp_mod[] array
206 in a hash table which expects void * data types. */
213 /* Opcode hash table. */
214 static struct hash_control *avr_hash;
216 /* Reloc modifiers hash control (hh8,hi8,lo8,pm_xx). */
217 static struct hash_control *avr_mod_hash;
219 #define OPTION_MMCU 'm'
222 OPTION_ALL_OPCODES = OPTION_MD_BASE + 1,
227 struct option md_longopts[] =
229 { "mmcu", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_MMCU },
230 { "mall-opcodes", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_ALL_OPCODES },
231 { "mno-skip-bug", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_NO_SKIP_BUG },
232 { "mno-wrap", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_NO_WRAP },
233 { NULL, no_argument, NULL, 0 }
236 size_t md_longopts_size = sizeof (md_longopts);
238 /* Display nicely formatted list of known MCU names. */
241 show_mcu_list (FILE *stream)
245 fprintf (stream, _("Known MCU names:"));
248 for (i = 0; mcu_types[i].name; i++)
250 int len = strlen (mcu_types[i].name);
255 fprintf (stream, " %s", mcu_types[i].name);
258 fprintf (stream, "\n %s", mcu_types[i].name);
263 fprintf (stream, "\n");
269 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t')
274 /* Extract one word from FROM and copy it to TO. */
277 extract_word (char *from, char *to, int limit)
283 /* Drop leading whitespace. */
284 from = skip_space (from);
287 /* Find the op code end. */
288 for (op_start = op_end = from; *op_end != 0 && is_part_of_name (*op_end);)
290 to[size++] = *op_end++;
291 if (size + 1 >= limit)
300 md_estimate_size_before_relax (fragS *fragp ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
301 asection *seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
308 md_show_usage (FILE *stream)
312 " -mmcu=[avr-name] select microcontroller variant\n"
313 " [avr-name] can be:\n"
314 " avr1 - AT90S1200, ATtiny1x, ATtiny28\n"
315 " avr2 - AT90S2xxx, AT90S4xxx, AT90S8xxx, ATtiny22\n"
316 " avr3 - ATmega103, ATmega603\n"
317 " avr4 - ATmega83, ATmega85\n"
318 " avr5 - ATmega161, ATmega163, ATmega32, AT94K\n"
319 " or immediate microcontroller name.\n"));
321 _(" -mall-opcodes accept all AVR opcodes, even if not supported by MCU\n"
322 " -mno-skip-bug disable warnings for skipping two-word instructions\n"
323 " (default for avr4, avr5)\n"
324 " -mno-wrap reject rjmp/rcall instructions with 8K wrap-around\n"
325 " (default for avr3, avr5)\n"));
326 show_mcu_list (stream);
330 avr_set_arch (int dummy ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
334 input_line_pointer = extract_word (input_line_pointer, str, 20);
335 md_parse_option (OPTION_MMCU, str);
336 bfd_set_arch_mach (stdoutput, TARGET_ARCH, avr_mcu->mach);
340 md_parse_option (int c, char *arg)
347 char *s = alloca (strlen (arg) + 1);
354 *t = TOLOWER (*arg1++);
358 for (i = 0; mcu_types[i].name; ++i)
359 if (strcmp (mcu_types[i].name, s) == 0)
362 if (!mcu_types[i].name)
364 show_mcu_list (stderr);
365 as_fatal (_("unknown MCU: %s\n"), arg);
368 /* It is OK to redefine mcu type within the same avr[1-5] bfd machine
369 type - this for allows passing -mmcu=... via gcc ASM_SPEC as well
370 as .arch ... in the asm output at the same time. */
371 if (avr_mcu == &default_mcu || avr_mcu->mach == mcu_types[i].mach)
372 avr_mcu = &mcu_types[i];
374 as_fatal (_("redefinition of mcu type `%s' to `%s'"),
375 avr_mcu->name, mcu_types[i].name);
378 case OPTION_ALL_OPCODES:
379 avr_opt.all_opcodes = 1;
381 case OPTION_NO_SKIP_BUG:
382 avr_opt.no_skip_bug = 1;
393 md_undefined_symbol (char *name ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
398 /* Turn a string in input_line_pointer into a floating point constant
399 of type TYPE, and store the appropriate bytes in *LITP. The number
400 of LITTLENUMS emitted is stored in *SIZEP. An error message is
401 returned, or NULL on OK. */
404 md_atof (int type, char *litP, int *sizeP)
407 LITTLENUM_TYPE words[4];
408 LITTLENUM_TYPE *wordP;
421 return _("bad call to md_atof");
424 t = atof_ieee (input_line_pointer, type, words);
426 input_line_pointer = t;
428 *sizeP = prec * sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE);
430 /* This loop outputs the LITTLENUMs in REVERSE order. */
431 for (wordP = words + prec - 1; prec--;)
433 md_number_to_chars (litP, (valueT) (*wordP--), sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE));
434 litP += sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE);
441 md_convert_frag (bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
442 asection *sec ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
443 fragS *fragP ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
452 struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode;
454 avr_hash = hash_new ();
456 /* Insert unique names into hash table. This hash table then provides a
457 quick index to the first opcode with a particular name in the opcode
459 for (opcode = avr_opcodes; opcode->name; opcode++)
460 hash_insert (avr_hash, opcode->name, (char *) opcode);
462 avr_mod_hash = hash_new ();
464 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE (exp_mod); ++i)
469 hash_insert (avr_mod_hash, EXP_MOD_NAME (i), m.ptr);
472 bfd_set_arch_mach (stdoutput, TARGET_ARCH, avr_mcu->mach);
475 /* Resolve STR as a constant expression and return the result.
476 If result greater than MAX then error. */
479 avr_get_constant (char *str, int max)
483 str = skip_space (str);
484 input_line_pointer = str;
487 if (ex.X_op != O_constant)
488 as_bad (_("constant value required"));
490 if (ex.X_add_number > max || ex.X_add_number < 0)
491 as_bad (_("number must be less than %d"), max + 1);
493 return ex.X_add_number;
496 /* Parse for ldd/std offset. */
499 avr_offset_expression (expressionS *exp)
501 char *str = input_line_pointer;
506 str = extract_word (str, op, sizeof (op));
508 input_line_pointer = tmp;
511 /* Warn about expressions that fail to use lo8 (). */
512 if (exp->X_op == O_constant)
514 int x = exp->X_add_number;
516 if (x < -255 || x > 255)
517 as_warn (_("constant out of 8-bit range: %d"), x);
521 /* Parse ordinary expression. */
524 parse_exp (char *s, expressionS *op)
526 input_line_pointer = s;
528 if (op->X_op == O_absent)
529 as_bad (_("missing operand"));
530 return input_line_pointer;
533 /* Parse special expressions (needed for LDI command):
538 where xx is: hh, hi, lo. */
540 static bfd_reloc_code_real_type
541 avr_ldi_expression (expressionS *exp)
543 char *str = input_line_pointer;
549 str = extract_word (str, op, sizeof (op));
555 m.ptr = hash_find (avr_mod_hash, op);
563 str = skip_space (str);
571 if (strncmp ("pm(", str, 3) == 0
572 || strncmp ("-(pm(", str, 5) == 0)
580 as_bad (_("illegal expression"));
592 if (*str == '-' && *(str + 1) == '(')
599 input_line_pointer = str;
604 if (*input_line_pointer != ')')
606 as_bad (_("`)' required"));
609 input_line_pointer++;
613 return neg_p ? EXP_MOD_NEG_RELOC (mod) : EXP_MOD_RELOC (mod);
618 input_line_pointer = tmp;
621 /* Warn about expressions that fail to use lo8 (). */
622 if (exp->X_op == O_constant)
624 int x = exp->X_add_number;
626 if (x < -255 || x > 255)
627 as_warn (_("constant out of 8-bit range: %d"), x);
630 return BFD_RELOC_AVR_LDI;
633 /* Parse one instruction operand.
634 Return operand bitmask. Also fixups can be generated. */
637 avr_operand (struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode,
643 unsigned int op_mask = 0;
644 char *str = skip_space (*line);
648 /* Any register operand. */
654 if (*str == 'r' || *str == 'R')
658 str = extract_word (str, r_name, sizeof (r_name));
660 if (ISDIGIT (r_name[1]))
662 if (r_name[2] == '\0')
663 op_mask = r_name[1] - '0';
664 else if (r_name[1] != '0'
665 && ISDIGIT (r_name[2])
666 && r_name[3] == '\0')
667 op_mask = (r_name[1] - '0') * 10 + r_name[2] - '0';
672 op_mask = avr_get_constant (str, 31);
673 str = input_line_pointer;
681 if (op_mask < 16 || op_mask > 23)
682 as_bad (_("register r16-r23 required"));
688 as_bad (_("register number above 15 required"));
694 as_bad (_("even register number required"));
699 if ((op_mask & 1) || op_mask < 24)
700 as_bad (_("register r24, r26, r28 or r30 required"));
701 op_mask = (op_mask - 24) >> 1;
706 as_bad (_("register name or number from 0 to 31 required"));
715 str = skip_space (str + 1);
724 as_bad (_("pointer register (X, Y or Z) required"));
726 str = skip_space (str + 1);
731 as_bad (_("cannot both predecrement and postincrement"));
735 /* avr1 can do "ld r,Z" and "st Z,r" but no other pointer
736 registers, no predecrement, no postincrement. */
737 if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes && (op_mask & 0x100F)
738 && !(avr_mcu->isa & AVR_ISA_SRAM))
739 as_bad (_("addressing mode not supported"));
745 as_bad (_("can't predecrement"));
747 if (! (*str == 'z' || *str == 'Z'))
748 as_bad (_("pointer register Z required"));
750 str = skip_space (str + 1);
761 char c = TOLOWER (*str++);
766 as_bad (_("pointer register (Y or Z) required"));
767 str = skip_space (str);
770 input_line_pointer = str;
771 avr_offset_expression (& op_expr);
772 str = input_line_pointer;
773 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 3,
774 &op_expr, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_AVR_6);
780 str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
781 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, opcode->insn_size * 2,
782 &op_expr, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_AVR_CALL);
786 str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
787 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, opcode->insn_size * 2,
788 &op_expr, TRUE, BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL);
792 str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
793 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, opcode->insn_size * 2,
794 &op_expr, TRUE, BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL);
798 str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
799 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where + 2, opcode->insn_size * 2,
800 &op_expr, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_16);
805 bfd_reloc_code_real_type r_type;
807 input_line_pointer = str;
808 r_type = avr_ldi_expression (&op_expr);
809 str = input_line_pointer;
810 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 3,
811 &op_expr, FALSE, r_type);
819 x = ~avr_get_constant (str, 255);
820 str = input_line_pointer;
821 op_mask |= (x & 0xf) | ((x << 4) & 0xf00);
826 input_line_pointer = str;
827 avr_offset_expression (& op_expr);
828 str = input_line_pointer;
829 fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 3,
830 & op_expr, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_AVR_6_ADIW);
838 x = avr_get_constant (str, 7);
839 str = input_line_pointer;
850 x = avr_get_constant (str, 63);
851 str = input_line_pointer;
852 op_mask |= (x & 0xf) | ((x & 0x30) << 5);
860 x = avr_get_constant (str, 31);
861 str = input_line_pointer;
870 as_bad (_("unknown constraint `%c'"), *op);
877 /* Parse instruction operands.
878 Return binary opcode. */
881 avr_operands (struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode, char **line)
883 char *op = opcode->constraints;
884 unsigned int bin = opcode->bin_opcode;
885 char *frag = frag_more (opcode->insn_size * 2);
887 int where = frag - frag_now->fr_literal;
888 static unsigned int prev = 0; /* Previous opcode. */
890 /* Opcode have operands. */
893 unsigned int reg1 = 0;
894 unsigned int reg2 = 0;
895 int reg1_present = 0;
896 int reg2_present = 0;
898 /* Parse first operand. */
899 if (REGISTER_P (*op))
901 reg1 = avr_operand (opcode, where, op, &str);
904 /* Parse second operand. */
917 if (REGISTER_P (*op))
920 str = skip_space (str);
922 as_bad (_("`,' required"));
923 str = skip_space (str);
925 reg2 = avr_operand (opcode, where, op, &str);
928 if (reg1_present && reg2_present)
929 reg2 = (reg2 & 0xf) | ((reg2 << 5) & 0x200);
930 else if (reg2_present)
938 /* Detect undefined combinations (like ld r31,Z+). */
939 if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes && AVR_UNDEF_P (bin))
940 as_warn (_("undefined combination of operands"));
942 if (opcode->insn_size == 2)
944 /* Warn if the previous opcode was cpse/sbic/sbis/sbrc/sbrs
945 (AVR core bug, fixed in the newer devices). */
946 if (!(avr_opt.no_skip_bug ||
947 (avr_mcu->isa & (AVR_ISA_MUL | AVR_ISA_MOVW)))
948 && AVR_SKIP_P (prev))
949 as_warn (_("skipping two-word instruction"));
951 bfd_putl32 ((bfd_vma) bin, frag);
954 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) bin, frag);
961 /* GAS will call this function for each section at the end of the assembly,
962 to permit the CPU backend to adjust the alignment of a section. */
965 md_section_align (asection *seg, valueT addr)
967 int align = bfd_get_section_alignment (stdoutput, seg);
968 return ((addr + (1 << align) - 1) & (-1 << align));
971 /* If you define this macro, it should return the offset between the
972 address of a PC relative fixup and the position from which the PC
973 relative adjustment should be made. On many processors, the base
974 of a PC relative instruction is the next instruction, so this
975 macro would return the length of an instruction. */
978 md_pcrel_from_section (fixS *fixp, segT sec)
980 if (fixp->fx_addsy != (symbolS *) NULL
981 && (!S_IS_DEFINED (fixp->fx_addsy)
982 || (S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_addsy) != sec)))
985 return fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where;
988 /* GAS will call this for each fixup. It should store the correct
989 value in the object file. */
992 md_apply_fix (fixS *fixP, valueT * valP, segT seg)
994 unsigned char *where;
998 if (fixP->fx_addsy == (symbolS *) NULL)
1001 else if (fixP->fx_pcrel)
1003 segT s = S_GET_SEGMENT (fixP->fx_addsy);
1005 if (s == seg || s == absolute_section)
1007 value += S_GET_VALUE (fixP->fx_addsy);
1012 /* We don't actually support subtracting a symbol. */
1013 if (fixP->fx_subsy != (symbolS *) NULL)
1014 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line, _("expression too complex"));
1016 switch (fixP->fx_r_type)
1019 fixP->fx_no_overflow = 1;
1021 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL:
1022 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL:
1025 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_CALL:
1031 /* Fetch the instruction, insert the fully resolved operand
1032 value, and stuff the instruction back again. */
1033 where = (unsigned char *) fixP->fx_frag->fr_literal + fixP->fx_where;
1034 insn = bfd_getl16 (where);
1036 switch (fixP->fx_r_type)
1038 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL:
1040 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1041 _("odd address operand: %ld"), value);
1043 /* Instruction addresses are always right-shifted by 1. */
1045 --value; /* Correct PC. */
1047 if (value < -64 || value > 63)
1048 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1049 _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
1050 value = (value << 3) & 0x3f8;
1051 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value | insn), where);
1054 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL:
1056 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1057 _("odd address operand: %ld"), value);
1059 /* Instruction addresses are always right-shifted by 1. */
1061 --value; /* Correct PC. */
1063 if (value < -2048 || value > 2047)
1065 /* No wrap for devices with >8K of program memory. */
1066 if ((avr_mcu->isa & AVR_ISA_MEGA) || avr_opt.no_wrap)
1067 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1068 _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
1072 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value | insn), where);
1076 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) value, where);
1080 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) value, where);
1083 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_16_PM:
1084 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value >> 1), where);
1087 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LDI:
1089 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1090 _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
1091 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value), where);
1094 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_6:
1095 if ((value > 63) || (value < 0))
1096 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1097 _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
1098 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | ((value & 7) | ((value & (3 << 3)) << 7) | ((value & (1 << 5)) << 8)), where);
1101 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_6_ADIW:
1102 if ((value > 63) || (value < 0))
1103 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1104 _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
1105 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | (value & 0xf) | ((value & 0x30) << 2), where);
1108 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI:
1109 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value), where);
1112 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI:
1113 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 8), where);
1116 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_MS8_LDI:
1117 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 24), where);
1120 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI:
1121 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 16), where);
1124 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG:
1125 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value), where);
1128 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG:
1129 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 8), where);
1132 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_MS8_LDI_NEG:
1133 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 24), where);
1136 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_NEG:
1137 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 16), where);
1140 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM:
1141 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 1), where);
1144 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM:
1145 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 9), where);
1148 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM:
1149 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 17), where);
1152 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM_NEG:
1153 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 1), where);
1156 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM_NEG:
1157 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 9), where);
1160 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM_NEG:
1161 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 17), where);
1164 case BFD_RELOC_AVR_CALL:
1168 x = bfd_getl16 (where);
1170 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1171 _("odd address operand: %ld"), value);
1173 x |= ((value & 0x10000) | ((value << 3) & 0x1f00000)) >> 16;
1174 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) x, where);
1175 bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value & 0xffff), where + 2);
1180 as_fatal (_("line %d: unknown relocation type: 0x%x"),
1181 fixP->fx_line, fixP->fx_r_type);
1187 switch (fixP->fx_r_type)
1189 case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG:
1190 case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI:
1191 case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG:
1192 case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI:
1193 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
1194 _("only constant expression allowed"));
1203 /* GAS will call this to generate a reloc, passing the resulting reloc
1204 to `bfd_install_relocation'. This currently works poorly, as
1205 `bfd_install_relocation' often does the wrong thing, and instances of
1206 `tc_gen_reloc' have been written to work around the problems, which
1207 in turns makes it difficult to fix `bfd_install_relocation'. */
1209 /* If while processing a fixup, a reloc really needs to be created
1210 then it is done here. */
1213 tc_gen_reloc (asection *seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
1218 if (fixp->fx_addsy && fixp->fx_subsy)
1222 if ((S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_addsy) != S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_subsy))
1223 || S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_addsy) == undefined_section)
1225 as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
1226 "Difference of symbols in different sections is not supported");
1230 /* We are dealing with two symbols defined in the same section.
1231 Let us fix-up them here. */
1232 value += S_GET_VALUE (fixp->fx_addsy);
1233 value -= S_GET_VALUE (fixp->fx_subsy);
1235 /* When fx_addsy and fx_subsy both are zero, md_apply_fix
1236 only takes it's second operands for the fixup value. */
1237 fixp->fx_addsy = NULL;
1238 fixp->fx_subsy = NULL;
1239 md_apply_fix (fixp, (valueT *) &value, NULL);
1244 reloc = xmalloc (sizeof (arelent));
1246 reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = xmalloc (sizeof (asymbol *));
1247 *reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = symbol_get_bfdsym (fixp->fx_addsy);
1249 reloc->address = fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where;
1250 reloc->howto = bfd_reloc_type_lookup (stdoutput, fixp->fx_r_type);
1251 if (reloc->howto == (reloc_howto_type *) NULL)
1253 as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
1254 _("reloc %d not supported by object file format"),
1255 (int) fixp->fx_r_type);
1259 if (fixp->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_INHERIT
1260 || fixp->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY)
1261 reloc->address = fixp->fx_offset;
1263 reloc->addend = fixp->fx_offset;
1269 md_assemble (char *str)
1271 struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode;
1274 str = skip_space (extract_word (str, op, sizeof (op)));
1277 as_bad (_("can't find opcode "));
1279 opcode = (struct avr_opcodes_s *) hash_find (avr_hash, op);
1283 as_bad (_("unknown opcode `%s'"), op);
1287 /* Special case for opcodes with optional operands (lpm, elpm) -
1288 version with operands exists in avr_opcodes[] in the next entry. */
1290 if (*str && *opcode->constraints == '?')
1293 if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes && (opcode->isa & avr_mcu->isa) != opcode->isa)
1294 as_bad (_("illegal opcode %s for mcu %s"), opcode->name, avr_mcu->name);
1296 /* We used to set input_line_pointer to the result of get_operands,
1297 but that is wrong. Our caller assumes we don't change it. */
1299 char *t = input_line_pointer;
1301 avr_operands (opcode, &str);
1302 if (*skip_space (str))
1303 as_bad (_("garbage at end of line"));
1304 input_line_pointer = t;
1308 /* Flag to pass `pm' mode between `avr_parse_cons_expression' and
1309 `avr_cons_fix_new'. */
1310 static int exp_mod_pm = 0;
1312 /* Parse special CONS expression: pm (expression)
1313 which is used for addressing to a program memory.
1314 Relocation: BFD_RELOC_AVR_16_PM. */
1317 avr_parse_cons_expression (expressionS *exp, int nbytes)
1323 tmp = input_line_pointer = skip_space (input_line_pointer);
1327 char *pm_name = "pm";
1328 int len = strlen (pm_name);
1330 if (strncasecmp (input_line_pointer, pm_name, len) == 0)
1332 input_line_pointer = skip_space (input_line_pointer + len);
1334 if (*input_line_pointer == '(')
1336 input_line_pointer = skip_space (input_line_pointer + 1);
1340 if (*input_line_pointer == ')')
1341 ++input_line_pointer;
1344 as_bad (_("`)' required"));
1351 input_line_pointer = tmp;
1359 avr_cons_fix_new (fragS *frag,
1364 if (exp_mod_pm == 0)
1367 fix_new_exp (frag, where, nbytes, exp, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_16);
1368 else if (nbytes == 4)
1369 fix_new_exp (frag, where, nbytes, exp, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_32);
1371 as_bad (_("illegal %srelocation size: %d"), "", nbytes);
1376 fix_new_exp (frag, where, nbytes, exp, FALSE, BFD_RELOC_AVR_16_PM);
1378 as_bad (_("illegal %srelocation size: %d"), "`pm' ", nbytes);