4 * helper functions for making synthetic files from sequences of records.
5 * initial implementation -- AV, Oct 2001.
9 #include <linux/export.h>
10 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
11 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
12 #include <linux/slab.h>
13 #include <linux/cred.h>
15 #include <linux/printk.h>
16 #include <linux/string_helpers.h>
18 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
21 static void seq_set_overflow(struct seq_file *m)
26 static void *seq_buf_alloc(unsigned long size)
29 gfp_t gfp = GFP_KERNEL;
32 * For high order allocations, use __GFP_NORETRY to avoid oom-killing -
33 * it's better to fall back to vmalloc() than to kill things. For small
34 * allocations, just use GFP_KERNEL which will oom kill, thus no need
35 * for vmalloc fallback.
38 gfp |= __GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOWARN;
39 buf = kmalloc(size, gfp);
40 if (!buf && size > PAGE_SIZE)
46 * seq_open - initialize sequential file
47 * @file: file we initialize
48 * @op: method table describing the sequence
50 * seq_open() sets @file, associating it with a sequence described
51 * by @op. @op->start() sets the iterator up and returns the first
52 * element of sequence. @op->stop() shuts it down. @op->next()
53 * returns the next element of sequence. @op->show() prints element
54 * into the buffer. In case of error ->start() and ->next() return
55 * ERR_PTR(error). In the end of sequence they return %NULL. ->show()
56 * returns 0 in case of success and negative number in case of error.
57 * Returning SEQ_SKIP means "discard this element and move on".
58 * Note: seq_open() will allocate a struct seq_file and store its
59 * pointer in @file->private_data. This pointer should not be modified.
61 int seq_open(struct file *file, const struct seq_operations *op)
65 WARN_ON(file->private_data);
67 p = kzalloc(sizeof(*p), GFP_KERNEL);
71 file->private_data = p;
76 // No refcounting: the lifetime of 'p' is constrained
77 // to the lifetime of the file.
81 * Wrappers around seq_open(e.g. swaps_open) need to be
82 * aware of this. If they set f_version themselves, they
83 * should call seq_open first and then set f_version.
88 * seq_files support lseek() and pread(). They do not implement
89 * write() at all, but we clear FMODE_PWRITE here for historical
92 * If a client of seq_files a) implements file.write() and b) wishes to
93 * support pwrite() then that client will need to implement its own
94 * file.open() which calls seq_open() and then sets FMODE_PWRITE.
96 file->f_mode &= ~FMODE_PWRITE;
99 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_open);
101 static int traverse(struct seq_file *m, loff_t offset)
103 loff_t pos = 0, index;
109 m->count = m->from = 0;
115 m->buf = seq_buf_alloc(m->size = PAGE_SIZE);
119 p = m->op->start(m, &index);
124 error = m->op->show(m, p);
127 if (unlikely(error)) {
131 if (seq_has_overflowed(m))
133 if (pos + m->count > offset) {
134 m->from = offset - pos;
146 p = m->op->next(m, p, &index);
156 m->buf = seq_buf_alloc(m->size <<= 1);
157 return !m->buf ? -ENOMEM : -EAGAIN;
161 * seq_read - ->read() method for sequential files.
162 * @file: the file to read from
163 * @buf: the buffer to read to
164 * @size: the maximum number of bytes to read
165 * @ppos: the current position in the file
167 * Ready-made ->f_op->read()
169 ssize_t seq_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
171 struct seq_file *m = file->private_data;
178 mutex_lock(&m->lock);
181 * seq_file->op->..m_start/m_stop/m_next may do special actions
182 * or optimisations based on the file->f_version, so we want to
183 * pass the file->f_version to those methods.
185 * seq_file->version is just copy of f_version, and seq_file
186 * methods can treat it simply as file version.
187 * It is copied in first and copied out after all operations.
188 * It is convenient to have it as part of structure to avoid the
189 * need of passing another argument to all the seq_file methods.
191 m->version = file->f_version;
193 /* Don't assume *ppos is where we left it */
194 if (unlikely(*ppos != m->read_pos)) {
195 while ((err = traverse(m, *ppos)) == -EAGAIN)
198 /* With prejudice... */
209 /* grab buffer if we didn't have one */
211 m->buf = seq_buf_alloc(m->size = PAGE_SIZE);
215 /* if not empty - flush it first */
217 n = min(m->count, size);
218 err = copy_to_user(buf, m->buf + m->from, n);
231 /* we need at least one record in buffer */
233 p = m->op->start(m, &pos);
238 err = m->op->show(m, p);
243 if (unlikely(!m->count)) {
244 p = m->op->next(m, p, &pos);
248 if (m->count < m->size)
253 m->buf = seq_buf_alloc(m->size <<= 1);
258 p = m->op->start(m, &pos);
264 /* they want more? let's try to get some more */
265 while (m->count < size) {
266 size_t offs = m->count;
268 p = m->op->next(m, p, &next);
269 if (!p || IS_ERR(p)) {
273 err = m->op->show(m, p);
274 if (seq_has_overflowed(m) || err) {
276 if (likely(err <= 0))
282 n = min(m->count, size);
283 err = copy_to_user(buf, m->buf, n);
298 m->read_pos += copied;
300 file->f_version = m->version;
301 mutex_unlock(&m->lock);
310 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_read);
313 * seq_lseek - ->llseek() method for sequential files.
314 * @file: the file in question
315 * @offset: new position
316 * @whence: 0 for absolute, 1 for relative position
318 * Ready-made ->f_op->llseek()
320 loff_t seq_lseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int whence)
322 struct seq_file *m = file->private_data;
323 loff_t retval = -EINVAL;
325 mutex_lock(&m->lock);
326 m->version = file->f_version;
329 offset += file->f_pos;
334 if (offset != m->read_pos) {
335 while ((retval = traverse(m, offset)) == -EAGAIN)
338 /* with extreme prejudice... */
345 m->read_pos = offset;
346 retval = file->f_pos = offset;
349 file->f_pos = offset;
352 file->f_version = m->version;
353 mutex_unlock(&m->lock);
356 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_lseek);
359 * seq_release - free the structures associated with sequential file.
360 * @file: file in question
363 * Frees the structures associated with sequential file; can be used
364 * as ->f_op->release() if you don't have private data to destroy.
366 int seq_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
368 struct seq_file *m = file->private_data;
373 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_release);
376 * seq_escape - print string into buffer, escaping some characters
379 * @esc: set of characters that need escaping
381 * Puts string into buffer, replacing each occurrence of character from
382 * @esc with usual octal escape.
383 * Use seq_has_overflowed() to check for errors.
385 void seq_escape(struct seq_file *m, const char *s, const char *esc)
388 size_t size = seq_get_buf(m, &buf);
391 ret = string_escape_str(s, buf, size, ESCAPE_OCTAL, esc);
392 seq_commit(m, ret < size ? ret : -1);
394 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_escape);
396 void seq_vprintf(struct seq_file *m, const char *f, va_list args)
400 if (m->count < m->size) {
401 len = vsnprintf(m->buf + m->count, m->size - m->count, f, args);
402 if (m->count + len < m->size) {
409 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_vprintf);
411 void seq_printf(struct seq_file *m, const char *f, ...)
416 seq_vprintf(m, f, args);
419 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_printf);
422 * mangle_path - mangle and copy path to buffer beginning
424 * @p: beginning of path in above buffer
425 * @esc: set of characters that need escaping
427 * Copy the path from @p to @s, replacing each occurrence of character from
428 * @esc with usual octal escape.
429 * Returns pointer past last written character in @s, or NULL in case of
432 char *mangle_path(char *s, const char *p, const char *esc)
438 } else if (!strchr(esc, c)) {
440 } else if (s + 4 > p) {
444 *s++ = '0' + ((c & 0300) >> 6);
445 *s++ = '0' + ((c & 070) >> 3);
446 *s++ = '0' + (c & 07);
451 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mangle_path);
454 * seq_path - seq_file interface to print a pathname
455 * @m: the seq_file handle
456 * @path: the struct path to print
457 * @esc: set of characters to escape in the output
459 * return the absolute path of 'path', as represented by the
460 * dentry / mnt pair in the path parameter.
462 int seq_path(struct seq_file *m, const struct path *path, const char *esc)
465 size_t size = seq_get_buf(m, &buf);
469 char *p = d_path(path, buf, size);
471 char *end = mangle_path(buf, p, esc);
480 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_path);
483 * seq_file_path - seq_file interface to print a pathname of a file
484 * @m: the seq_file handle
485 * @file: the struct file to print
486 * @esc: set of characters to escape in the output
488 * return the absolute path to the file.
490 int seq_file_path(struct seq_file *m, struct file *file, const char *esc)
492 return seq_path(m, &file->f_path, esc);
494 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_file_path);
497 * Same as seq_path, but relative to supplied root.
499 int seq_path_root(struct seq_file *m, const struct path *path,
500 const struct path *root, const char *esc)
503 size_t size = seq_get_buf(m, &buf);
504 int res = -ENAMETOOLONG;
509 p = __d_path(path, root, buf, size);
514 char *end = mangle_path(buf, p, esc);
523 return res < 0 && res != -ENAMETOOLONG ? res : 0;
527 * returns the path of the 'dentry' from the root of its filesystem.
529 int seq_dentry(struct seq_file *m, struct dentry *dentry, const char *esc)
532 size_t size = seq_get_buf(m, &buf);
536 char *p = dentry_path(dentry, buf, size);
538 char *end = mangle_path(buf, p, esc);
547 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_dentry);
549 static void *single_start(struct seq_file *p, loff_t *pos)
551 return NULL + (*pos == 0);
554 static void *single_next(struct seq_file *p, void *v, loff_t *pos)
560 static void single_stop(struct seq_file *p, void *v)
564 int single_open(struct file *file, int (*show)(struct seq_file *, void *),
567 struct seq_operations *op = kmalloc(sizeof(*op), GFP_KERNEL);
571 op->start = single_start;
572 op->next = single_next;
573 op->stop = single_stop;
575 res = seq_open(file, op);
577 ((struct seq_file *)file->private_data)->private = data;
583 EXPORT_SYMBOL(single_open);
585 int single_open_size(struct file *file, int (*show)(struct seq_file *, void *),
586 void *data, size_t size)
588 char *buf = seq_buf_alloc(size);
592 ret = single_open(file, show, data);
597 ((struct seq_file *)file->private_data)->buf = buf;
598 ((struct seq_file *)file->private_data)->size = size;
601 EXPORT_SYMBOL(single_open_size);
603 int single_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
605 const struct seq_operations *op = ((struct seq_file *)file->private_data)->op;
606 int res = seq_release(inode, file);
610 EXPORT_SYMBOL(single_release);
612 int seq_release_private(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
614 struct seq_file *seq = file->private_data;
618 return seq_release(inode, file);
620 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_release_private);
622 void *__seq_open_private(struct file *f, const struct seq_operations *ops,
627 struct seq_file *seq;
629 private = kzalloc(psize, GFP_KERNEL);
633 rc = seq_open(f, ops);
637 seq = f->private_data;
638 seq->private = private;
646 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__seq_open_private);
648 int seq_open_private(struct file *filp, const struct seq_operations *ops,
651 return __seq_open_private(filp, ops, psize) ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
653 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_open_private);
655 void seq_putc(struct seq_file *m, char c)
657 if (m->count >= m->size)
660 m->buf[m->count++] = c;
662 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_putc);
664 void seq_puts(struct seq_file *m, const char *s)
668 if (m->count + len >= m->size) {
672 memcpy(m->buf + m->count, s, len);
675 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_puts);
678 * A helper routine for putting decimal numbers without rich format of printf().
679 * only 'unsigned long long' is supported.
680 * This routine will put one byte delimiter + number into seq_file.
681 * This routine is very quick when you show lots of numbers.
682 * In usual cases, it will be better to use seq_printf(). It's easier to read.
684 void seq_put_decimal_ull(struct seq_file *m, char delimiter,
685 unsigned long long num)
689 if (m->count + 2 >= m->size) /* we'll write 2 bytes at least */
693 m->buf[m->count++] = delimiter;
696 m->buf[m->count++] = num + '0';
700 len = num_to_str(m->buf + m->count, m->size - m->count, num);
709 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_put_decimal_ull);
711 void seq_put_decimal_ll(struct seq_file *m, char delimiter, long long num)
714 if (m->count + 3 >= m->size) {
719 m->buf[m->count++] = delimiter;
723 seq_put_decimal_ull(m, delimiter, num);
725 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_put_decimal_ll);
728 * seq_write - write arbitrary data to buffer
729 * @seq: seq_file identifying the buffer to which data should be written
730 * @data: data address
731 * @len: number of bytes
733 * Return 0 on success, non-zero otherwise.
735 int seq_write(struct seq_file *seq, const void *data, size_t len)
737 if (seq->count + len < seq->size) {
738 memcpy(seq->buf + seq->count, data, len);
742 seq_set_overflow(seq);
745 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_write);
748 * seq_pad - write padding spaces to buffer
749 * @m: seq_file identifying the buffer to which data should be written
750 * @c: the byte to append after padding if non-zero
752 void seq_pad(struct seq_file *m, char c)
754 int size = m->pad_until - m->count;
756 seq_printf(m, "%*s", size, "");
760 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_pad);
762 /* A complete analogue of print_hex_dump() */
763 void seq_hex_dump(struct seq_file *m, const char *prefix_str, int prefix_type,
764 int rowsize, int groupsize, const void *buf, size_t len,
768 int i, linelen, remaining = len;
773 if (rowsize != 16 && rowsize != 32)
776 for (i = 0; i < len && !seq_has_overflowed(m); i += rowsize) {
777 linelen = min(remaining, rowsize);
778 remaining -= rowsize;
780 switch (prefix_type) {
781 case DUMP_PREFIX_ADDRESS:
782 seq_printf(m, "%s%p: ", prefix_str, ptr + i);
784 case DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET:
785 seq_printf(m, "%s%.8x: ", prefix_str, i);
788 seq_printf(m, "%s", prefix_str);
792 size = seq_get_buf(m, &buffer);
793 ret = hex_dump_to_buffer(ptr + i, linelen, rowsize, groupsize,
794 buffer, size, ascii);
795 seq_commit(m, ret < size ? ret : -1);
800 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hex_dump);
802 struct list_head *seq_list_start(struct list_head *head, loff_t pos)
804 struct list_head *lh;
806 list_for_each(lh, head)
812 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_list_start);
814 struct list_head *seq_list_start_head(struct list_head *head, loff_t pos)
819 return seq_list_start(head, pos - 1);
821 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_list_start_head);
823 struct list_head *seq_list_next(void *v, struct list_head *head, loff_t *ppos)
825 struct list_head *lh;
827 lh = ((struct list_head *)v)->next;
829 return lh == head ? NULL : lh;
831 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_list_next);
834 * seq_hlist_start - start an iteration of a hlist
835 * @head: the head of the hlist
836 * @pos: the start position of the sequence
838 * Called at seq_file->op->start().
840 struct hlist_node *seq_hlist_start(struct hlist_head *head, loff_t pos)
842 struct hlist_node *node;
844 hlist_for_each(node, head)
849 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_start);
852 * seq_hlist_start_head - start an iteration of a hlist
853 * @head: the head of the hlist
854 * @pos: the start position of the sequence
856 * Called at seq_file->op->start(). Call this function if you want to
857 * print a header at the top of the output.
859 struct hlist_node *seq_hlist_start_head(struct hlist_head *head, loff_t pos)
862 return SEQ_START_TOKEN;
864 return seq_hlist_start(head, pos - 1);
866 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_start_head);
869 * seq_hlist_next - move to the next position of the hlist
870 * @v: the current iterator
871 * @head: the head of the hlist
872 * @ppos: the current position
874 * Called at seq_file->op->next().
876 struct hlist_node *seq_hlist_next(void *v, struct hlist_head *head,
879 struct hlist_node *node = v;
882 if (v == SEQ_START_TOKEN)
887 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_next);
890 * seq_hlist_start_rcu - start an iteration of a hlist protected by RCU
891 * @head: the head of the hlist
892 * @pos: the start position of the sequence
894 * Called at seq_file->op->start().
896 * This list-traversal primitive may safely run concurrently with
897 * the _rcu list-mutation primitives such as hlist_add_head_rcu()
898 * as long as the traversal is guarded by rcu_read_lock().
900 struct hlist_node *seq_hlist_start_rcu(struct hlist_head *head,
903 struct hlist_node *node;
905 __hlist_for_each_rcu(node, head)
910 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_start_rcu);
913 * seq_hlist_start_head_rcu - start an iteration of a hlist protected by RCU
914 * @head: the head of the hlist
915 * @pos: the start position of the sequence
917 * Called at seq_file->op->start(). Call this function if you want to
918 * print a header at the top of the output.
920 * This list-traversal primitive may safely run concurrently with
921 * the _rcu list-mutation primitives such as hlist_add_head_rcu()
922 * as long as the traversal is guarded by rcu_read_lock().
924 struct hlist_node *seq_hlist_start_head_rcu(struct hlist_head *head,
928 return SEQ_START_TOKEN;
930 return seq_hlist_start_rcu(head, pos - 1);
932 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_start_head_rcu);
935 * seq_hlist_next_rcu - move to the next position of the hlist protected by RCU
936 * @v: the current iterator
937 * @head: the head of the hlist
938 * @ppos: the current position
940 * Called at seq_file->op->next().
942 * This list-traversal primitive may safely run concurrently with
943 * the _rcu list-mutation primitives such as hlist_add_head_rcu()
944 * as long as the traversal is guarded by rcu_read_lock().
946 struct hlist_node *seq_hlist_next_rcu(void *v,
947 struct hlist_head *head,
950 struct hlist_node *node = v;
953 if (v == SEQ_START_TOKEN)
954 return rcu_dereference(head->first);
956 return rcu_dereference(node->next);
958 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_next_rcu);
961 * seq_hlist_start_precpu - start an iteration of a percpu hlist array
962 * @head: pointer to percpu array of struct hlist_heads
963 * @cpu: pointer to cpu "cursor"
964 * @pos: start position of sequence
966 * Called at seq_file->op->start().
969 seq_hlist_start_percpu(struct hlist_head __percpu *head, int *cpu, loff_t pos)
971 struct hlist_node *node;
973 for_each_possible_cpu(*cpu) {
974 hlist_for_each(node, per_cpu_ptr(head, *cpu)) {
981 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_start_percpu);
984 * seq_hlist_next_percpu - move to the next position of the percpu hlist array
985 * @v: pointer to current hlist_node
986 * @head: pointer to percpu array of struct hlist_heads
987 * @cpu: pointer to cpu "cursor"
988 * @pos: start position of sequence
990 * Called at seq_file->op->next().
993 seq_hlist_next_percpu(void *v, struct hlist_head __percpu *head,
994 int *cpu, loff_t *pos)
996 struct hlist_node *node = v;
1003 for (*cpu = cpumask_next(*cpu, cpu_possible_mask); *cpu < nr_cpu_ids;
1004 *cpu = cpumask_next(*cpu, cpu_possible_mask)) {
1005 struct hlist_head *bucket = per_cpu_ptr(head, *cpu);
1007 if (!hlist_empty(bucket))
1008 return bucket->first;
1012 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_next_percpu);