1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
3 #include <linux/slab.h>
4 #include <linux/list.h>
5 #include <linux/list_bl.h>
6 #include <linux/module.h>
7 #include <linux/sched.h>
8 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
9 #include <linux/mbcache.h>
12 * Mbcache is a simple key-value store. Keys need not be unique, however
13 * key-value pairs are expected to be unique (we use this fact in
14 * mb_cache_entry_delete_or_get()).
16 * Ext2 and ext4 use this cache for deduplication of extended attribute blocks.
17 * Ext4 also uses it for deduplication of xattr values stored in inodes.
18 * They use hash of data as a key and provide a value that may represent a
19 * block or inode number. That's why keys need not be unique (hash of different
20 * data may be the same). However user provided value always uniquely
21 * identifies a cache entry.
23 * We provide functions for creation and removal of entries, search by key,
24 * and a special "delete entry with given key-value pair" operation. Fixed
25 * size hash table is used for fast key lookups.
29 /* Hash table of entries */
30 struct hlist_bl_head *c_hash;
31 /* log2 of hash table size */
33 /* Maximum entries in cache to avoid degrading hash too much */
34 unsigned long c_max_entries;
35 /* Protects c_list, c_entry_count */
36 spinlock_t c_list_lock;
37 struct list_head c_list;
38 /* Number of entries in cache */
39 unsigned long c_entry_count;
40 struct shrinker c_shrink;
41 /* Work for shrinking when the cache has too many entries */
42 struct work_struct c_shrink_work;
45 static struct kmem_cache *mb_entry_cache;
47 static unsigned long mb_cache_shrink(struct mb_cache *cache,
48 unsigned long nr_to_scan);
50 static inline struct hlist_bl_head *mb_cache_entry_head(struct mb_cache *cache,
53 return &cache->c_hash[hash_32(key, cache->c_bucket_bits)];
57 * Number of entries to reclaim synchronously when there are too many entries
60 #define SYNC_SHRINK_BATCH 64
63 * mb_cache_entry_create - create entry in cache
64 * @cache - cache where the entry should be created
65 * @mask - gfp mask with which the entry should be allocated
66 * @key - key of the entry
67 * @value - value of the entry
68 * @reusable - is the entry reusable by others?
70 * Creates entry in @cache with key @key and value @value. The function returns
71 * -EBUSY if entry with the same key and value already exists in cache.
72 * Otherwise 0 is returned.
74 int mb_cache_entry_create(struct mb_cache *cache, gfp_t mask, u32 key,
75 u64 value, bool reusable)
77 struct mb_cache_entry *entry, *dup;
78 struct hlist_bl_node *dup_node;
79 struct hlist_bl_head *head;
81 /* Schedule background reclaim if there are too many entries */
82 if (cache->c_entry_count >= cache->c_max_entries)
83 schedule_work(&cache->c_shrink_work);
84 /* Do some sync reclaim if background reclaim cannot keep up */
85 if (cache->c_entry_count >= 2*cache->c_max_entries)
86 mb_cache_shrink(cache, SYNC_SHRINK_BATCH);
88 entry = kmem_cache_alloc(mb_entry_cache, mask);
92 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&entry->e_list);
93 /* Initial hash reference */
94 atomic_set(&entry->e_refcnt, 1);
96 entry->e_value = value;
97 entry->e_reusable = reusable;
98 entry->e_referenced = 0;
99 head = mb_cache_entry_head(cache, key);
101 hlist_bl_for_each_entry(dup, dup_node, head, e_hash_list) {
102 if (dup->e_key == key && dup->e_value == value) {
103 hlist_bl_unlock(head);
104 kmem_cache_free(mb_entry_cache, entry);
108 hlist_bl_add_head(&entry->e_hash_list, head);
110 * Add entry to LRU list before it can be found by
111 * mb_cache_entry_delete() to avoid races
113 spin_lock(&cache->c_list_lock);
114 list_add_tail(&entry->e_list, &cache->c_list);
115 cache->c_entry_count++;
116 spin_unlock(&cache->c_list_lock);
117 hlist_bl_unlock(head);
121 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mb_cache_entry_create);
123 void __mb_cache_entry_free(struct mb_cache *cache, struct mb_cache_entry *entry)
125 struct hlist_bl_head *head;
127 head = mb_cache_entry_head(cache, entry->e_key);
129 hlist_bl_del(&entry->e_hash_list);
130 hlist_bl_unlock(head);
131 kmem_cache_free(mb_entry_cache, entry);
133 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__mb_cache_entry_free);
136 * mb_cache_entry_wait_unused - wait to be the last user of the entry
138 * @entry - entry to work on
140 * Wait to be the last user of the entry.
142 void mb_cache_entry_wait_unused(struct mb_cache_entry *entry)
144 wait_var_event(&entry->e_refcnt, atomic_read(&entry->e_refcnt) <= 2);
146 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mb_cache_entry_wait_unused);
148 static struct mb_cache_entry *__entry_find(struct mb_cache *cache,
149 struct mb_cache_entry *entry,
152 struct mb_cache_entry *old_entry = entry;
153 struct hlist_bl_node *node;
154 struct hlist_bl_head *head;
156 head = mb_cache_entry_head(cache, key);
158 if (entry && !hlist_bl_unhashed(&entry->e_hash_list))
159 node = entry->e_hash_list.next;
161 node = hlist_bl_first(head);
163 entry = hlist_bl_entry(node, struct mb_cache_entry,
165 if (entry->e_key == key && entry->e_reusable &&
166 atomic_inc_not_zero(&entry->e_refcnt))
172 hlist_bl_unlock(head);
174 mb_cache_entry_put(cache, old_entry);
180 * mb_cache_entry_find_first - find the first reusable entry with the given key
181 * @cache: cache where we should search
182 * @key: key to look for
184 * Search in @cache for a reusable entry with key @key. Grabs reference to the
185 * first reusable entry found and returns the entry.
187 struct mb_cache_entry *mb_cache_entry_find_first(struct mb_cache *cache,
190 return __entry_find(cache, NULL, key);
192 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mb_cache_entry_find_first);
195 * mb_cache_entry_find_next - find next reusable entry with the same key
196 * @cache: cache where we should search
197 * @entry: entry to start search from
199 * Finds next reusable entry in the hash chain which has the same key as @entry.
200 * If @entry is unhashed (which can happen when deletion of entry races with the
201 * search), finds the first reusable entry in the hash chain. The function drops
202 * reference to @entry and returns with a reference to the found entry.
204 struct mb_cache_entry *mb_cache_entry_find_next(struct mb_cache *cache,
205 struct mb_cache_entry *entry)
207 return __entry_find(cache, entry, entry->e_key);
209 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mb_cache_entry_find_next);
212 * mb_cache_entry_get - get a cache entry by value (and key)
213 * @cache - cache we work with
217 struct mb_cache_entry *mb_cache_entry_get(struct mb_cache *cache, u32 key,
220 struct hlist_bl_node *node;
221 struct hlist_bl_head *head;
222 struct mb_cache_entry *entry;
224 head = mb_cache_entry_head(cache, key);
226 hlist_bl_for_each_entry(entry, node, head, e_hash_list) {
227 if (entry->e_key == key && entry->e_value == value &&
228 atomic_inc_not_zero(&entry->e_refcnt))
233 hlist_bl_unlock(head);
236 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mb_cache_entry_get);
238 /* mb_cache_entry_delete_or_get - remove a cache entry if it has no users
239 * @cache - cache we work with
243 * Remove entry from cache @cache with key @key and value @value. The removal
244 * happens only if the entry is unused. The function returns NULL in case the
245 * entry was successfully removed or there's no entry in cache. Otherwise the
246 * function grabs reference of the entry that we failed to delete because it
247 * still has users and return it.
249 struct mb_cache_entry *mb_cache_entry_delete_or_get(struct mb_cache *cache,
252 struct mb_cache_entry *entry;
254 entry = mb_cache_entry_get(cache, key, value);
259 * Drop the ref we got from mb_cache_entry_get() and the initial hash
260 * ref if we are the last user
262 if (atomic_cmpxchg(&entry->e_refcnt, 2, 0) != 2)
265 spin_lock(&cache->c_list_lock);
266 if (!list_empty(&entry->e_list))
267 list_del_init(&entry->e_list);
268 cache->c_entry_count--;
269 spin_unlock(&cache->c_list_lock);
270 __mb_cache_entry_free(cache, entry);
273 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mb_cache_entry_delete_or_get);
275 /* mb_cache_entry_touch - cache entry got used
276 * @cache - cache the entry belongs to
277 * @entry - entry that got used
279 * Marks entry as used to give hit higher chances of surviving in cache.
281 void mb_cache_entry_touch(struct mb_cache *cache,
282 struct mb_cache_entry *entry)
284 entry->e_referenced = 1;
286 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mb_cache_entry_touch);
288 static unsigned long mb_cache_count(struct shrinker *shrink,
289 struct shrink_control *sc)
291 struct mb_cache *cache = container_of(shrink, struct mb_cache,
294 return cache->c_entry_count;
297 /* Shrink number of entries in cache */
298 static unsigned long mb_cache_shrink(struct mb_cache *cache,
299 unsigned long nr_to_scan)
301 struct mb_cache_entry *entry;
302 unsigned long shrunk = 0;
304 spin_lock(&cache->c_list_lock);
305 while (nr_to_scan-- && !list_empty(&cache->c_list)) {
306 entry = list_first_entry(&cache->c_list,
307 struct mb_cache_entry, e_list);
308 /* Drop initial hash reference if there is no user */
309 if (entry->e_referenced ||
310 atomic_cmpxchg(&entry->e_refcnt, 1, 0) != 1) {
311 entry->e_referenced = 0;
312 list_move_tail(&entry->e_list, &cache->c_list);
315 list_del_init(&entry->e_list);
316 cache->c_entry_count--;
317 spin_unlock(&cache->c_list_lock);
318 __mb_cache_entry_free(cache, entry);
321 spin_lock(&cache->c_list_lock);
323 spin_unlock(&cache->c_list_lock);
328 static unsigned long mb_cache_scan(struct shrinker *shrink,
329 struct shrink_control *sc)
331 struct mb_cache *cache = container_of(shrink, struct mb_cache,
333 return mb_cache_shrink(cache, sc->nr_to_scan);
336 /* We shrink 1/X of the cache when we have too many entries in it */
337 #define SHRINK_DIVISOR 16
339 static void mb_cache_shrink_worker(struct work_struct *work)
341 struct mb_cache *cache = container_of(work, struct mb_cache,
343 mb_cache_shrink(cache, cache->c_max_entries / SHRINK_DIVISOR);
347 * mb_cache_create - create cache
348 * @bucket_bits: log2 of the hash table size
350 * Create cache for keys with 2^bucket_bits hash entries.
352 struct mb_cache *mb_cache_create(int bucket_bits)
354 struct mb_cache *cache;
355 unsigned long bucket_count = 1UL << bucket_bits;
358 cache = kzalloc(sizeof(struct mb_cache), GFP_KERNEL);
361 cache->c_bucket_bits = bucket_bits;
362 cache->c_max_entries = bucket_count << 4;
363 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cache->c_list);
364 spin_lock_init(&cache->c_list_lock);
365 cache->c_hash = kmalloc_array(bucket_count,
366 sizeof(struct hlist_bl_head),
368 if (!cache->c_hash) {
372 for (i = 0; i < bucket_count; i++)
373 INIT_HLIST_BL_HEAD(&cache->c_hash[i]);
375 cache->c_shrink.count_objects = mb_cache_count;
376 cache->c_shrink.scan_objects = mb_cache_scan;
377 cache->c_shrink.seeks = DEFAULT_SEEKS;
378 if (register_shrinker(&cache->c_shrink, "mbcache-shrinker")) {
379 kfree(cache->c_hash);
384 INIT_WORK(&cache->c_shrink_work, mb_cache_shrink_worker);
391 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mb_cache_create);
394 * mb_cache_destroy - destroy cache
395 * @cache: the cache to destroy
397 * Free all entries in cache and cache itself. Caller must make sure nobody
398 * (except shrinker) can reach @cache when calling this.
400 void mb_cache_destroy(struct mb_cache *cache)
402 struct mb_cache_entry *entry, *next;
404 unregister_shrinker(&cache->c_shrink);
407 * We don't bother with any locking. Cache must not be used at this
410 list_for_each_entry_safe(entry, next, &cache->c_list, e_list) {
411 list_del(&entry->e_list);
412 WARN_ON(atomic_read(&entry->e_refcnt) != 1);
413 mb_cache_entry_put(cache, entry);
415 kfree(cache->c_hash);
418 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mb_cache_destroy);
420 static int __init mbcache_init(void)
422 mb_entry_cache = kmem_cache_create("mbcache",
423 sizeof(struct mb_cache_entry), 0,
424 SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT|SLAB_MEM_SPREAD, NULL);
430 static void __exit mbcache_exit(void)
432 kmem_cache_destroy(mb_entry_cache);
435 module_init(mbcache_init)
436 module_exit(mbcache_exit)
438 MODULE_AUTHOR("Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>");
439 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Meta block cache (for extended attributes)");
440 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");