1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
3 * Copyright (C) Neil Brown 2002
4 * Copyright (C) Christoph Hellwig 2007
6 * This file contains the code mapping from inodes to NFS file handles,
7 * and for mapping back from file handles to dentries.
9 * For details on why we do all the strange and hairy things in here
10 * take a look at Documentation/filesystems/nfs/exporting.rst.
12 #include <linux/exportfs.h>
14 #include <linux/file.h>
15 #include <linux/module.h>
16 #include <linux/mount.h>
17 #include <linux/namei.h>
18 #include <linux/sched.h>
19 #include <linux/cred.h>
21 #define dprintk(fmt, args...) pr_debug(fmt, ##args)
24 static int get_name(const struct path *path, char *name, struct dentry *child);
27 static int exportfs_get_name(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *dir,
28 char *name, struct dentry *child)
30 const struct export_operations *nop = dir->d_sb->s_export_op;
31 struct path path = {.mnt = mnt, .dentry = dir};
34 return nop->get_name(dir, name, child);
36 return get_name(&path, name, child);
40 * Check if the dentry or any of it's aliases is acceptable.
42 static struct dentry *
43 find_acceptable_alias(struct dentry *result,
44 int (*acceptable)(void *context, struct dentry *dentry),
47 struct dentry *dentry, *toput = NULL;
50 if (acceptable(context, result))
53 inode = result->d_inode;
54 spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
55 hlist_for_each_entry(dentry, &inode->i_dentry, d_u.d_alias) {
57 spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
60 if (dentry != result && acceptable(context, dentry)) {
64 spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
67 spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
74 static bool dentry_connected(struct dentry *dentry)
77 while (dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_DISCONNECTED) {
78 struct dentry *parent = dget_parent(dentry);
81 if (dentry == parent) {
91 static void clear_disconnected(struct dentry *dentry)
94 while (dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_DISCONNECTED) {
95 struct dentry *parent = dget_parent(dentry);
97 WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ROOT(dentry));
99 spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
100 dentry->d_flags &= ~DCACHE_DISCONNECTED;
101 spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
110 * Reconnect a directory dentry with its parent.
112 * This can return a dentry, or NULL, or an error.
114 * In the first case the returned dentry is the parent of the given
115 * dentry, and may itself need to be reconnected to its parent.
117 * In the NULL case, a concurrent VFS operation has either renamed or
118 * removed this directory. The concurrent operation has reconnected our
119 * dentry, so we no longer need to.
121 static struct dentry *reconnect_one(struct vfsmount *mnt,
122 struct dentry *dentry, char *nbuf)
124 struct dentry *parent;
128 parent = ERR_PTR(-EACCES);
129 inode_lock(dentry->d_inode);
130 if (mnt->mnt_sb->s_export_op->get_parent)
131 parent = mnt->mnt_sb->s_export_op->get_parent(dentry);
132 inode_unlock(dentry->d_inode);
134 if (IS_ERR(parent)) {
135 dprintk("get_parent of %lu failed, err %ld\n",
136 dentry->d_inode->i_ino, PTR_ERR(parent));
140 dprintk("%s: find name of %lu in %lu\n", __func__,
141 dentry->d_inode->i_ino, parent->d_inode->i_ino);
142 err = exportfs_get_name(mnt, parent, nbuf, dentry);
144 goto out_reconnected;
147 dprintk("%s: found name: %s\n", __func__, nbuf);
148 tmp = lookup_one_unlocked(mnt_idmap(mnt), nbuf, parent, strlen(nbuf));
150 dprintk("lookup failed: %ld\n", PTR_ERR(tmp));
156 * Somebody has renamed it since exportfs_get_name();
157 * great, since it could've only been renamed if it
158 * got looked up and thus connected, and it would
159 * remain connected afterwards. We are done.
162 goto out_reconnected;
165 if (IS_ROOT(dentry)) {
177 * Someone must have renamed our entry into another parent, in
178 * which case it has been reconnected by the rename.
180 * Or someone removed it entirely, in which case filehandle
181 * lookup will succeed but the directory is now IS_DEAD and
182 * subsequent operations on it will fail.
184 * Alternatively, maybe there was no race at all, and the
185 * filesystem is just corrupt and gave us a parent that doesn't
186 * actually contain any entry pointing to this inode. So,
187 * double check that this worked and return -ESTALE if not:
189 if (!dentry_connected(dentry))
190 return ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
195 * Make sure target_dir is fully connected to the dentry tree.
197 * On successful return, DCACHE_DISCONNECTED will be cleared on
198 * target_dir, and target_dir->d_parent->...->d_parent will reach the
199 * root of the filesystem.
201 * Whenever DCACHE_DISCONNECTED is unset, target_dir is fully connected.
202 * But the converse is not true: target_dir may have DCACHE_DISCONNECTED
203 * set but already be connected. In that case we'll verify the
204 * connection to root and then clear the flag.
206 * Note that target_dir could be removed by a concurrent operation. In
207 * that case reconnect_path may still succeed with target_dir fully
208 * connected, but further operations using the filehandle will fail when
209 * necessary (due to S_DEAD being set on the directory).
212 reconnect_path(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *target_dir, char *nbuf)
214 struct dentry *dentry, *parent;
216 dentry = dget(target_dir);
218 while (dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_DISCONNECTED) {
219 BUG_ON(dentry == mnt->mnt_sb->s_root);
222 parent = reconnect_one(mnt, dentry, nbuf);
224 parent = dget_parent(dentry);
230 return PTR_ERR(parent);
234 clear_disconnected(target_dir);
238 struct getdents_callback {
239 struct dir_context ctx;
240 char *name; /* name that was found. It already points to a
241 buffer NAME_MAX+1 is size */
242 u64 ino; /* the inum we are looking for */
243 int found; /* inode matched? */
244 int sequence; /* sequence counter */
248 * A rather strange filldir function to capture
249 * the name matching the specified inode number.
251 static bool filldir_one(struct dir_context *ctx, const char *name, int len,
252 loff_t pos, u64 ino, unsigned int d_type)
254 struct getdents_callback *buf =
255 container_of(ctx, struct getdents_callback, ctx);
258 if (buf->ino == ino && len <= NAME_MAX) {
259 memcpy(buf->name, name, len);
260 buf->name[len] = '\0';
262 return false; // no more
268 * get_name - default export_operations->get_name function
269 * @path: the directory in which to find a name
270 * @name: a pointer to a %NAME_MAX+1 char buffer to store the name
271 * @child: the dentry for the child directory.
273 * calls readdir on the parent until it finds an entry with
274 * the same inode number as the child, and returns that.
276 static int get_name(const struct path *path, char *name, struct dentry *child)
278 const struct cred *cred = current_cred();
279 struct inode *dir = path->dentry->d_inode;
283 struct path child_path = {
287 struct getdents_callback buffer = {
288 .ctx.actor = filldir_one,
293 if (!dir || !S_ISDIR(dir->i_mode))
299 * inode->i_ino is unsigned long, kstat->ino is u64, so the
300 * former would be insufficient on 32-bit hosts when the
301 * filesystem supports 64-bit inode numbers. So we need to
302 * actually call ->getattr, not just read i_ino:
304 error = vfs_getattr_nosec(&child_path, &stat,
305 STATX_INO, AT_STATX_SYNC_AS_STAT);
308 buffer.ino = stat.ino;
310 * Open the directory ...
312 file = dentry_open(path, O_RDONLY, cred);
313 error = PTR_ERR(file);
318 if (!file->f_op->iterate_shared)
323 int old_seq = buffer.sequence;
325 error = iterate_dir(file, &buffer.ctx);
335 if (old_seq == buffer.sequence)
346 * export_encode_fh - default export_operations->encode_fh function
347 * @inode: the object to encode
348 * @fid: where to store the file handle fragment
349 * @max_len: maximum length to store there
350 * @parent: parent directory inode, if wanted
352 * This default encode_fh function assumes that the 32 inode number
353 * is suitable for locating an inode, and that the generation number
354 * can be used to check that it is still valid. It places them in the
355 * filehandle fragment where export_decode_fh expects to find them.
357 static int export_encode_fh(struct inode *inode, struct fid *fid,
358 int *max_len, struct inode *parent)
361 int type = FILEID_INO32_GEN;
363 if (parent && (len < 4)) {
365 return FILEID_INVALID;
366 } else if (len < 2) {
368 return FILEID_INVALID;
372 fid->i32.ino = inode->i_ino;
373 fid->i32.gen = inode->i_generation;
375 fid->i32.parent_ino = parent->i_ino;
376 fid->i32.parent_gen = parent->i_generation;
378 type = FILEID_INO32_GEN_PARENT;
385 * exportfs_encode_inode_fh - encode a file handle from inode
386 * @inode: the object to encode
387 * @fid: where to store the file handle fragment
388 * @max_len: maximum length to store there
389 * @flags: properties of the requested file handle
391 * Returns an enum fid_type or a negative errno.
393 int exportfs_encode_inode_fh(struct inode *inode, struct fid *fid,
394 int *max_len, struct inode *parent, int flags)
396 const struct export_operations *nop = inode->i_sb->s_export_op;
399 * If a decodeable file handle was requested, we need to make sure that
400 * filesystem can decode file handles.
402 if (nop && !(flags & EXPORT_FH_FID) && !nop->fh_to_dentry)
405 if (nop && nop->encode_fh)
406 return nop->encode_fh(inode, fid->raw, max_len, parent);
408 return export_encode_fh(inode, fid, max_len, parent);
410 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(exportfs_encode_inode_fh);
413 * exportfs_encode_fh - encode a file handle from dentry
414 * @dentry: the object to encode
415 * @fid: where to store the file handle fragment
416 * @max_len: maximum length to store there
417 * @flags: properties of the requested file handle
419 * Returns an enum fid_type or a negative errno.
421 int exportfs_encode_fh(struct dentry *dentry, struct fid *fid, int *max_len,
425 struct dentry *p = NULL;
426 struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode, *parent = NULL;
428 if ((flags & EXPORT_FH_CONNECTABLE) && !S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
429 p = dget_parent(dentry);
431 * note that while p might've ceased to be our parent already,
432 * it's still pinned by and still positive.
437 error = exportfs_encode_inode_fh(inode, fid, max_len, parent, flags);
442 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(exportfs_encode_fh);
445 exportfs_decode_fh_raw(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct fid *fid, int fh_len,
447 int (*acceptable)(void *, struct dentry *),
450 const struct export_operations *nop = mnt->mnt_sb->s_export_op;
451 struct dentry *result, *alias;
452 char nbuf[NAME_MAX+1];
456 * Try to get any dentry for the given file handle from the filesystem.
458 if (!nop || !nop->fh_to_dentry)
459 return ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
460 result = nop->fh_to_dentry(mnt->mnt_sb, fid, fh_len, fileid_type);
461 if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(result))
465 * If no acceptance criteria was specified by caller, a disconnected
466 * dentry is also accepatable. Callers may use this mode to query if
467 * file handle is stale or to get a reference to an inode without
468 * risking the high overhead caused by directory reconnect.
473 if (d_is_dir(result)) {
475 * This request is for a directory.
477 * On the positive side there is only one dentry for each
478 * directory inode. On the negative side this implies that we
479 * to ensure our dentry is connected all the way up to the
482 if (result->d_flags & DCACHE_DISCONNECTED) {
483 err = reconnect_path(mnt, result, nbuf);
488 if (!acceptable(context, result)) {
496 * It's not a directory. Life is a little more complicated.
498 struct dentry *target_dir, *nresult;
501 * See if either the dentry we just got from the filesystem
502 * or any alias for it is acceptable. This is always true
503 * if this filesystem is exported without the subtreecheck
504 * option. If the filesystem is exported with the subtree
505 * check option there's a fair chance we need to look at
506 * the parent directory in the file handle and make sure
507 * it's connected to the filesystem root.
509 alias = find_acceptable_alias(result, acceptable, context);
514 * Try to extract a dentry for the parent directory from the
515 * file handle. If this fails we'll have to give up.
518 if (!nop->fh_to_parent)
521 target_dir = nop->fh_to_parent(mnt->mnt_sb, fid,
522 fh_len, fileid_type);
525 err = PTR_ERR(target_dir);
526 if (IS_ERR(target_dir))
530 * And as usual we need to make sure the parent directory is
531 * connected to the filesystem root. The VFS really doesn't
532 * like disconnected directories..
534 err = reconnect_path(mnt, target_dir, nbuf);
541 * Now that we've got both a well-connected parent and a
542 * dentry for the inode we're after, make sure that our
543 * inode is actually connected to the parent.
545 err = exportfs_get_name(mnt, target_dir, nbuf, result);
551 inode_lock(target_dir->d_inode);
552 nresult = lookup_one(mnt_idmap(mnt), nbuf,
553 target_dir, strlen(nbuf));
554 if (!IS_ERR(nresult)) {
555 if (unlikely(nresult->d_inode != result->d_inode)) {
557 nresult = ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
560 inode_unlock(target_dir->d_inode);
562 * At this point we are done with the parent, but it's pinned
563 * by the child dentry anyway.
567 if (IS_ERR(nresult)) {
568 err = PTR_ERR(nresult);
575 * And finally make sure the dentry is actually acceptable
578 alias = find_acceptable_alias(result, acceptable, context);
591 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(exportfs_decode_fh_raw);
593 struct dentry *exportfs_decode_fh(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct fid *fid,
594 int fh_len, int fileid_type,
595 int (*acceptable)(void *, struct dentry *),
600 ret = exportfs_decode_fh_raw(mnt, fid, fh_len, fileid_type,
601 acceptable, context);
602 if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(ret)) {
603 if (ret == ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM))
605 return ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
609 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(exportfs_decode_fh);
611 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");