1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 * Inline encryption support for fscrypt
5 * Copyright 2019 Google LLC
9 * With "inline encryption", the block layer handles the decryption/encryption
10 * as part of the bio, instead of the filesystem doing the crypto itself via
11 * crypto API. See Documentation/block/inline-encryption.rst. fscrypt still
12 * provides the key and IV to use.
15 #include <linux/blk-crypto.h>
16 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
17 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
18 #include <linux/sched/mm.h>
19 #include <linux/slab.h>
20 #include <linux/uio.h>
22 #include "fscrypt_private.h"
24 struct fscrypt_blk_crypto_key {
25 struct blk_crypto_key base;
27 struct request_queue *devs[];
30 static int fscrypt_get_num_devices(struct super_block *sb)
32 if (sb->s_cop->get_num_devices)
33 return sb->s_cop->get_num_devices(sb);
37 static void fscrypt_get_devices(struct super_block *sb, int num_devs,
38 struct request_queue **devs)
41 devs[0] = bdev_get_queue(sb->s_bdev);
43 sb->s_cop->get_devices(sb, devs);
46 static unsigned int fscrypt_get_dun_bytes(const struct fscrypt_info *ci)
48 struct super_block *sb = ci->ci_inode->i_sb;
49 unsigned int flags = fscrypt_policy_flags(&ci->ci_policy);
50 int ino_bits = 64, lblk_bits = 64;
52 if (flags & FSCRYPT_POLICY_FLAG_DIRECT_KEY)
53 return offsetofend(union fscrypt_iv, nonce);
55 if (flags & FSCRYPT_POLICY_FLAG_IV_INO_LBLK_64)
56 return sizeof(__le64);
58 if (flags & FSCRYPT_POLICY_FLAG_IV_INO_LBLK_32)
59 return sizeof(__le32);
61 /* Default case: IVs are just the file logical block number */
62 if (sb->s_cop->get_ino_and_lblk_bits)
63 sb->s_cop->get_ino_and_lblk_bits(sb, &ino_bits, &lblk_bits);
64 return DIV_ROUND_UP(lblk_bits, 8);
67 /* Enable inline encryption for this file if supported. */
68 int fscrypt_select_encryption_impl(struct fscrypt_info *ci)
70 const struct inode *inode = ci->ci_inode;
71 struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
72 struct blk_crypto_config crypto_cfg;
74 struct request_queue **devs;
77 /* The file must need contents encryption, not filenames encryption */
78 if (!S_ISREG(inode->i_mode))
81 /* The crypto mode must have a blk-crypto counterpart */
82 if (ci->ci_mode->blk_crypto_mode == BLK_ENCRYPTION_MODE_INVALID)
85 /* The filesystem must be mounted with -o inlinecrypt */
86 if (!(sb->s_flags & SB_INLINECRYPT))
90 * When a page contains multiple logically contiguous filesystem blocks,
91 * some filesystem code only calls fscrypt_mergeable_bio() for the first
92 * block in the page. This is fine for most of fscrypt's IV generation
93 * strategies, where contiguous blocks imply contiguous IVs. But it
94 * doesn't work with IV_INO_LBLK_32. For now, simply exclude
95 * IV_INO_LBLK_32 with blocksize != PAGE_SIZE from inline encryption.
97 if ((fscrypt_policy_flags(&ci->ci_policy) &
98 FSCRYPT_POLICY_FLAG_IV_INO_LBLK_32) &&
99 sb->s_blocksize != PAGE_SIZE)
103 * On all the filesystem's devices, blk-crypto must support the crypto
104 * configuration that the file would use.
106 crypto_cfg.crypto_mode = ci->ci_mode->blk_crypto_mode;
107 crypto_cfg.data_unit_size = sb->s_blocksize;
108 crypto_cfg.dun_bytes = fscrypt_get_dun_bytes(ci);
109 num_devs = fscrypt_get_num_devices(sb);
110 devs = kmalloc_array(num_devs, sizeof(*devs), GFP_KERNEL);
113 fscrypt_get_devices(sb, num_devs, devs);
115 for (i = 0; i < num_devs; i++) {
116 if (!blk_crypto_config_supported(devs[i], &crypto_cfg))
120 ci->ci_inlinecrypt = true;
127 int fscrypt_prepare_inline_crypt_key(struct fscrypt_prepared_key *prep_key,
129 const struct fscrypt_info *ci)
131 const struct inode *inode = ci->ci_inode;
132 struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
133 enum blk_crypto_mode_num crypto_mode = ci->ci_mode->blk_crypto_mode;
134 int num_devs = fscrypt_get_num_devices(sb);
136 struct fscrypt_blk_crypto_key *blk_key;
140 blk_key = kzalloc(struct_size(blk_key, devs, num_devs), GFP_KERNEL);
144 blk_key->num_devs = num_devs;
145 fscrypt_get_devices(sb, num_devs, blk_key->devs);
147 err = blk_crypto_init_key(&blk_key->base, raw_key, crypto_mode,
148 fscrypt_get_dun_bytes(ci), sb->s_blocksize);
150 fscrypt_err(inode, "error %d initializing blk-crypto key", err);
155 * We have to start using blk-crypto on all the filesystem's devices.
156 * We also have to save all the request_queue's for later so that the
157 * key can be evicted from them. This is needed because some keys
158 * aren't destroyed until after the filesystem was already unmounted
159 * (namely, the per-mode keys in struct fscrypt_master_key).
161 for (i = 0; i < num_devs; i++) {
162 if (!blk_get_queue(blk_key->devs[i])) {
163 fscrypt_err(inode, "couldn't get request_queue");
169 err = blk_crypto_start_using_key(&blk_key->base,
173 "error %d starting to use blk-crypto", err);
178 * Pairs with the smp_load_acquire() in fscrypt_is_key_prepared().
179 * I.e., here we publish ->blk_key with a RELEASE barrier so that
180 * concurrent tasks can ACQUIRE it. Note that this concurrency is only
181 * possible for per-mode keys, not for per-file keys.
183 smp_store_release(&prep_key->blk_key, blk_key);
187 for (i = 0; i < queue_refs; i++)
188 blk_put_queue(blk_key->devs[i]);
189 kfree_sensitive(blk_key);
193 void fscrypt_destroy_inline_crypt_key(struct fscrypt_prepared_key *prep_key)
195 struct fscrypt_blk_crypto_key *blk_key = prep_key->blk_key;
199 for (i = 0; i < blk_key->num_devs; i++) {
200 blk_crypto_evict_key(blk_key->devs[i], &blk_key->base);
201 blk_put_queue(blk_key->devs[i]);
203 kfree_sensitive(blk_key);
207 bool __fscrypt_inode_uses_inline_crypto(const struct inode *inode)
209 return inode->i_crypt_info->ci_inlinecrypt;
211 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__fscrypt_inode_uses_inline_crypto);
213 static void fscrypt_generate_dun(const struct fscrypt_info *ci, u64 lblk_num,
214 u64 dun[BLK_CRYPTO_DUN_ARRAY_SIZE])
219 fscrypt_generate_iv(&iv, lblk_num, ci);
221 BUILD_BUG_ON(FSCRYPT_MAX_IV_SIZE > BLK_CRYPTO_MAX_IV_SIZE);
222 memset(dun, 0, BLK_CRYPTO_MAX_IV_SIZE);
223 for (i = 0; i < ci->ci_mode->ivsize/sizeof(dun[0]); i++)
224 dun[i] = le64_to_cpu(iv.dun[i]);
228 * fscrypt_set_bio_crypt_ctx() - prepare a file contents bio for inline crypto
229 * @bio: a bio which will eventually be submitted to the file
230 * @inode: the file's inode
231 * @first_lblk: the first file logical block number in the I/O
232 * @gfp_mask: memory allocation flags - these must be a waiting mask so that
233 * bio_crypt_set_ctx can't fail.
235 * If the contents of the file should be encrypted (or decrypted) with inline
236 * encryption, then assign the appropriate encryption context to the bio.
238 * Normally the bio should be newly allocated (i.e. no pages added yet), as
239 * otherwise fscrypt_mergeable_bio() won't work as intended.
241 * The encryption context will be freed automatically when the bio is freed.
243 void fscrypt_set_bio_crypt_ctx(struct bio *bio, const struct inode *inode,
244 u64 first_lblk, gfp_t gfp_mask)
246 const struct fscrypt_info *ci;
247 u64 dun[BLK_CRYPTO_DUN_ARRAY_SIZE];
249 if (!fscrypt_inode_uses_inline_crypto(inode))
251 ci = inode->i_crypt_info;
253 fscrypt_generate_dun(ci, first_lblk, dun);
254 bio_crypt_set_ctx(bio, &ci->ci_enc_key.blk_key->base, dun, gfp_mask);
256 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fscrypt_set_bio_crypt_ctx);
258 /* Extract the inode and logical block number from a buffer_head. */
259 static bool bh_get_inode_and_lblk_num(const struct buffer_head *bh,
260 const struct inode **inode_ret,
263 struct page *page = bh->b_page;
264 const struct address_space *mapping;
265 const struct inode *inode;
268 * The ext4 journal (jbd2) can submit a buffer_head it directly created
269 * for a non-pagecache page. fscrypt doesn't care about these.
271 mapping = page_mapping(page);
274 inode = mapping->host;
277 *lblk_num_ret = ((u64)page->index << (PAGE_SHIFT - inode->i_blkbits)) +
278 (bh_offset(bh) >> inode->i_blkbits);
283 * fscrypt_set_bio_crypt_ctx_bh() - prepare a file contents bio for inline
285 * @bio: a bio which will eventually be submitted to the file
286 * @first_bh: the first buffer_head for which I/O will be submitted
287 * @gfp_mask: memory allocation flags
289 * Same as fscrypt_set_bio_crypt_ctx(), except this takes a buffer_head instead
290 * of an inode and block number directly.
292 void fscrypt_set_bio_crypt_ctx_bh(struct bio *bio,
293 const struct buffer_head *first_bh,
296 const struct inode *inode;
299 if (bh_get_inode_and_lblk_num(first_bh, &inode, &first_lblk))
300 fscrypt_set_bio_crypt_ctx(bio, inode, first_lblk, gfp_mask);
302 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fscrypt_set_bio_crypt_ctx_bh);
305 * fscrypt_mergeable_bio() - test whether data can be added to a bio
306 * @bio: the bio being built up
307 * @inode: the inode for the next part of the I/O
308 * @next_lblk: the next file logical block number in the I/O
310 * When building a bio which may contain data which should undergo inline
311 * encryption (or decryption) via fscrypt, filesystems should call this function
312 * to ensure that the resulting bio contains only contiguous data unit numbers.
313 * This will return false if the next part of the I/O cannot be merged with the
314 * bio because either the encryption key would be different or the encryption
315 * data unit numbers would be discontiguous.
317 * fscrypt_set_bio_crypt_ctx() must have already been called on the bio.
319 * This function isn't required in cases where crypto-mergeability is ensured in
320 * another way, such as I/O targeting only a single file (and thus a single key)
321 * combined with fscrypt_limit_io_blocks() to ensure DUN contiguity.
323 * Return: true iff the I/O is mergeable
325 bool fscrypt_mergeable_bio(struct bio *bio, const struct inode *inode,
328 const struct bio_crypt_ctx *bc = bio->bi_crypt_context;
329 u64 next_dun[BLK_CRYPTO_DUN_ARRAY_SIZE];
331 if (!!bc != fscrypt_inode_uses_inline_crypto(inode))
337 * Comparing the key pointers is good enough, as all I/O for each key
338 * uses the same pointer. I.e., there's currently no need to support
339 * merging requests where the keys are the same but the pointers differ.
341 if (bc->bc_key != &inode->i_crypt_info->ci_enc_key.blk_key->base)
344 fscrypt_generate_dun(inode->i_crypt_info, next_lblk, next_dun);
345 return bio_crypt_dun_is_contiguous(bc, bio->bi_iter.bi_size, next_dun);
347 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fscrypt_mergeable_bio);
350 * fscrypt_mergeable_bio_bh() - test whether data can be added to a bio
351 * @bio: the bio being built up
352 * @next_bh: the next buffer_head for which I/O will be submitted
354 * Same as fscrypt_mergeable_bio(), except this takes a buffer_head instead of
355 * an inode and block number directly.
357 * Return: true iff the I/O is mergeable
359 bool fscrypt_mergeable_bio_bh(struct bio *bio,
360 const struct buffer_head *next_bh)
362 const struct inode *inode;
365 if (!bh_get_inode_and_lblk_num(next_bh, &inode, &next_lblk))
366 return !bio->bi_crypt_context;
368 return fscrypt_mergeable_bio(bio, inode, next_lblk);
370 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fscrypt_mergeable_bio_bh);
373 * fscrypt_dio_supported() - check whether a DIO (direct I/O) request is
374 * supported as far as encryption is concerned
375 * @iocb: the file and position the I/O is targeting
376 * @iter: the I/O data segment(s)
378 * Return: %true if there are no encryption constraints that prevent DIO from
379 * being supported; %false if DIO is unsupported. (Note that in the
380 * %true case, the filesystem might have other, non-encryption-related
381 * constraints that prevent DIO from actually being supported.)
383 bool fscrypt_dio_supported(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter)
385 const struct inode *inode = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp);
386 const unsigned int blocksize = i_blocksize(inode);
388 /* If the file is unencrypted, no veto from us. */
389 if (!fscrypt_needs_contents_encryption(inode))
392 /* We only support DIO with inline crypto, not fs-layer crypto. */
393 if (!fscrypt_inode_uses_inline_crypto(inode))
397 * Since the granularity of encryption is filesystem blocks, the file
398 * position and total I/O length must be aligned to the filesystem block
399 * size -- not just to the block device's logical block size as is
400 * traditionally the case for DIO on many filesystems.
402 * We require that the user-provided memory buffers be filesystem block
403 * aligned too. It is simpler to have a single alignment value required
404 * for all properties of the I/O, as is normally the case for DIO.
405 * Also, allowing less aligned buffers would imply that data units could
406 * cross bvecs, which would greatly complicate the I/O stack, which
407 * assumes that bios can be split at any bvec boundary.
409 if (!IS_ALIGNED(iocb->ki_pos | iov_iter_alignment(iter), blocksize))
414 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fscrypt_dio_supported);
417 * fscrypt_limit_io_blocks() - limit I/O blocks to avoid discontiguous DUNs
418 * @inode: the file on which I/O is being done
419 * @lblk: the block at which the I/O is being started from
420 * @nr_blocks: the number of blocks we want to submit starting at @lblk
422 * Determine the limit to the number of blocks that can be submitted in a bio
423 * targeting @lblk without causing a data unit number (DUN) discontiguity.
425 * This is normally just @nr_blocks, as normally the DUNs just increment along
426 * with the logical blocks. (Or the file is not encrypted.)
428 * In rare cases, fscrypt can be using an IV generation method that allows the
429 * DUN to wrap around within logically contiguous blocks, and that wraparound
430 * will occur. If this happens, a value less than @nr_blocks will be returned
431 * so that the wraparound doesn't occur in the middle of a bio, which would
432 * cause encryption/decryption to produce wrong results.
434 * Return: the actual number of blocks that can be submitted
436 u64 fscrypt_limit_io_blocks(const struct inode *inode, u64 lblk, u64 nr_blocks)
438 const struct fscrypt_info *ci;
441 if (!fscrypt_inode_uses_inline_crypto(inode))
447 ci = inode->i_crypt_info;
448 if (!(fscrypt_policy_flags(&ci->ci_policy) &
449 FSCRYPT_POLICY_FLAG_IV_INO_LBLK_32))
452 /* With IV_INO_LBLK_32, the DUN can wrap around from U32_MAX to 0. */
454 dun = ci->ci_hashed_ino + lblk;
456 return min_t(u64, nr_blocks, (u64)U32_MAX + 1 - dun);
458 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fscrypt_limit_io_blocks);