1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
3 * This contains encryption functions for per-file encryption.
5 * Copyright (C) 2015, Google, Inc.
6 * Copyright (C) 2015, Motorola Mobility
8 * Written by Michael Halcrow, 2014.
10 * Filename encryption additions
11 * Uday Savagaonkar, 2014
12 * Encryption policy handling additions
13 * Ildar Muslukhov, 2014
14 * Add fscrypt_pullback_bio_page()
17 * This has not yet undergone a rigorous security audit.
19 * The usage of AES-XTS should conform to recommendations in NIST
20 * Special Publication 800-38E and IEEE P1619/D16.
23 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
24 #include <linux/mempool.h>
25 #include <linux/module.h>
26 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
27 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
28 #include <crypto/skcipher.h>
29 #include "fscrypt_private.h"
31 static unsigned int num_prealloc_crypto_pages = 32;
33 module_param(num_prealloc_crypto_pages, uint, 0444);
34 MODULE_PARM_DESC(num_prealloc_crypto_pages,
35 "Number of crypto pages to preallocate");
37 static mempool_t *fscrypt_bounce_page_pool = NULL;
39 static struct workqueue_struct *fscrypt_read_workqueue;
40 static DEFINE_MUTEX(fscrypt_init_mutex);
42 struct kmem_cache *fscrypt_info_cachep;
44 void fscrypt_enqueue_decrypt_work(struct work_struct *work)
46 queue_work(fscrypt_read_workqueue, work);
48 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_enqueue_decrypt_work);
50 struct page *fscrypt_alloc_bounce_page(gfp_t gfp_flags)
52 return mempool_alloc(fscrypt_bounce_page_pool, gfp_flags);
56 * fscrypt_free_bounce_page() - free a ciphertext bounce page
57 * @bounce_page: the bounce page to free, or NULL
59 * Free a bounce page that was allocated by fscrypt_encrypt_pagecache_blocks(),
60 * or by fscrypt_alloc_bounce_page() directly.
62 void fscrypt_free_bounce_page(struct page *bounce_page)
66 set_page_private(bounce_page, (unsigned long)NULL);
67 ClearPagePrivate(bounce_page);
68 mempool_free(bounce_page, fscrypt_bounce_page_pool);
70 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_free_bounce_page);
73 * Generate the IV for the given logical block number within the given file.
74 * For filenames encryption, lblk_num == 0.
76 * Keep this in sync with fscrypt_limit_io_blocks(). fscrypt_limit_io_blocks()
77 * needs to know about any IV generation methods where the low bits of IV don't
78 * simply contain the lblk_num (e.g., IV_INO_LBLK_32).
80 void fscrypt_generate_iv(union fscrypt_iv *iv, u64 lblk_num,
81 const struct fscrypt_info *ci)
83 u8 flags = fscrypt_policy_flags(&ci->ci_policy);
85 memset(iv, 0, ci->ci_mode->ivsize);
87 if (flags & FSCRYPT_POLICY_FLAG_IV_INO_LBLK_64) {
88 WARN_ON_ONCE(lblk_num > U32_MAX);
89 WARN_ON_ONCE(ci->ci_inode->i_ino > U32_MAX);
90 lblk_num |= (u64)ci->ci_inode->i_ino << 32;
91 } else if (flags & FSCRYPT_POLICY_FLAG_IV_INO_LBLK_32) {
92 WARN_ON_ONCE(lblk_num > U32_MAX);
93 lblk_num = (u32)(ci->ci_hashed_ino + lblk_num);
94 } else if (flags & FSCRYPT_POLICY_FLAG_DIRECT_KEY) {
95 memcpy(iv->nonce, ci->ci_nonce, FSCRYPT_FILE_NONCE_SIZE);
97 iv->lblk_num = cpu_to_le64(lblk_num);
100 /* Encrypt or decrypt a single filesystem block of file contents */
101 int fscrypt_crypt_block(const struct inode *inode, fscrypt_direction_t rw,
102 u64 lblk_num, struct page *src_page,
103 struct page *dest_page, unsigned int len,
104 unsigned int offs, gfp_t gfp_flags)
107 struct skcipher_request *req = NULL;
108 DECLARE_CRYPTO_WAIT(wait);
109 struct scatterlist dst, src;
110 struct fscrypt_info *ci = inode->i_crypt_info;
111 struct crypto_skcipher *tfm = ci->ci_enc_key.tfm;
114 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(len <= 0))
116 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(len % FSCRYPT_CONTENTS_ALIGNMENT != 0))
119 fscrypt_generate_iv(&iv, lblk_num, ci);
121 req = skcipher_request_alloc(tfm, gfp_flags);
125 skcipher_request_set_callback(
126 req, CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_BACKLOG | CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_SLEEP,
127 crypto_req_done, &wait);
129 sg_init_table(&dst, 1);
130 sg_set_page(&dst, dest_page, len, offs);
131 sg_init_table(&src, 1);
132 sg_set_page(&src, src_page, len, offs);
133 skcipher_request_set_crypt(req, &src, &dst, len, &iv);
134 if (rw == FS_DECRYPT)
135 res = crypto_wait_req(crypto_skcipher_decrypt(req), &wait);
137 res = crypto_wait_req(crypto_skcipher_encrypt(req), &wait);
138 skcipher_request_free(req);
140 fscrypt_err(inode, "%scryption failed for block %llu: %d",
141 (rw == FS_DECRYPT ? "De" : "En"), lblk_num, res);
148 * fscrypt_encrypt_pagecache_blocks() - Encrypt filesystem blocks from a
150 * @page: The locked pagecache page containing the block(s) to encrypt
151 * @len: Total size of the block(s) to encrypt. Must be a nonzero
152 * multiple of the filesystem's block size.
153 * @offs: Byte offset within @page of the first block to encrypt. Must be
154 * a multiple of the filesystem's block size.
155 * @gfp_flags: Memory allocation flags. See details below.
157 * A new bounce page is allocated, and the specified block(s) are encrypted into
158 * it. In the bounce page, the ciphertext block(s) will be located at the same
159 * offsets at which the plaintext block(s) were located in the source page; any
160 * other parts of the bounce page will be left uninitialized. However, normally
161 * blocksize == PAGE_SIZE and the whole page is encrypted at once.
163 * This is for use by the filesystem's ->writepages() method.
165 * The bounce page allocation is mempool-backed, so it will always succeed when
166 * @gfp_flags includes __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM, e.g. when it's GFP_NOFS. However,
167 * only the first page of each bio can be allocated this way. To prevent
168 * deadlocks, for any additional pages a mask like GFP_NOWAIT must be used.
170 * Return: the new encrypted bounce page on success; an ERR_PTR() on failure
172 struct page *fscrypt_encrypt_pagecache_blocks(struct page *page,
178 const struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
179 const unsigned int blockbits = inode->i_blkbits;
180 const unsigned int blocksize = 1 << blockbits;
181 struct page *ciphertext_page;
182 u64 lblk_num = ((u64)page->index << (PAGE_SHIFT - blockbits)) +
187 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!PageLocked(page)))
188 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
190 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(len <= 0 || !IS_ALIGNED(len | offs, blocksize)))
191 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
193 ciphertext_page = fscrypt_alloc_bounce_page(gfp_flags);
194 if (!ciphertext_page)
195 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
197 for (i = offs; i < offs + len; i += blocksize, lblk_num++) {
198 err = fscrypt_crypt_block(inode, FS_ENCRYPT, lblk_num,
199 page, ciphertext_page,
200 blocksize, i, gfp_flags);
202 fscrypt_free_bounce_page(ciphertext_page);
206 SetPagePrivate(ciphertext_page);
207 set_page_private(ciphertext_page, (unsigned long)page);
208 return ciphertext_page;
210 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_encrypt_pagecache_blocks);
213 * fscrypt_encrypt_block_inplace() - Encrypt a filesystem block in-place
214 * @inode: The inode to which this block belongs
215 * @page: The page containing the block to encrypt
216 * @len: Size of block to encrypt. This must be a multiple of
217 * FSCRYPT_CONTENTS_ALIGNMENT.
218 * @offs: Byte offset within @page at which the block to encrypt begins
219 * @lblk_num: Filesystem logical block number of the block, i.e. the 0-based
220 * number of the block within the file
221 * @gfp_flags: Memory allocation flags
223 * Encrypt a possibly-compressed filesystem block that is located in an
224 * arbitrary page, not necessarily in the original pagecache page. The @inode
225 * and @lblk_num must be specified, as they can't be determined from @page.
227 * Return: 0 on success; -errno on failure
229 int fscrypt_encrypt_block_inplace(const struct inode *inode, struct page *page,
230 unsigned int len, unsigned int offs,
231 u64 lblk_num, gfp_t gfp_flags)
233 return fscrypt_crypt_block(inode, FS_ENCRYPT, lblk_num, page, page,
234 len, offs, gfp_flags);
236 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_encrypt_block_inplace);
239 * fscrypt_decrypt_pagecache_blocks() - Decrypt filesystem blocks in a
241 * @folio: The locked pagecache folio containing the block(s) to decrypt
242 * @len: Total size of the block(s) to decrypt. Must be a nonzero
243 * multiple of the filesystem's block size.
244 * @offs: Byte offset within @folio of the first block to decrypt. Must be
245 * a multiple of the filesystem's block size.
247 * The specified block(s) are decrypted in-place within the pagecache folio,
248 * which must still be locked and not uptodate.
250 * This is for use by the filesystem's ->readahead() method.
252 * Return: 0 on success; -errno on failure
254 int fscrypt_decrypt_pagecache_blocks(struct folio *folio, size_t len,
257 const struct inode *inode = folio->mapping->host;
258 const unsigned int blockbits = inode->i_blkbits;
259 const unsigned int blocksize = 1 << blockbits;
260 u64 lblk_num = ((u64)folio->index << (PAGE_SHIFT - blockbits)) +
265 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!folio_test_locked(folio)))
268 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(len <= 0 || !IS_ALIGNED(len | offs, blocksize)))
271 for (i = offs; i < offs + len; i += blocksize, lblk_num++) {
272 struct page *page = folio_page(folio, i >> PAGE_SHIFT);
274 err = fscrypt_crypt_block(inode, FS_DECRYPT, lblk_num, page,
275 page, blocksize, i & ~PAGE_MASK,
282 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_decrypt_pagecache_blocks);
285 * fscrypt_decrypt_block_inplace() - Decrypt a filesystem block in-place
286 * @inode: The inode to which this block belongs
287 * @page: The page containing the block to decrypt
288 * @len: Size of block to decrypt. This must be a multiple of
289 * FSCRYPT_CONTENTS_ALIGNMENT.
290 * @offs: Byte offset within @page at which the block to decrypt begins
291 * @lblk_num: Filesystem logical block number of the block, i.e. the 0-based
292 * number of the block within the file
294 * Decrypt a possibly-compressed filesystem block that is located in an
295 * arbitrary page, not necessarily in the original pagecache page. The @inode
296 * and @lblk_num must be specified, as they can't be determined from @page.
298 * Return: 0 on success; -errno on failure
300 int fscrypt_decrypt_block_inplace(const struct inode *inode, struct page *page,
301 unsigned int len, unsigned int offs,
304 return fscrypt_crypt_block(inode, FS_DECRYPT, lblk_num, page, page,
305 len, offs, GFP_NOFS);
307 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_decrypt_block_inplace);
310 * fscrypt_initialize() - allocate major buffers for fs encryption.
311 * @sb: the filesystem superblock
313 * We only call this when we start accessing encrypted files, since it
314 * results in memory getting allocated that wouldn't otherwise be used.
316 * Return: 0 on success; -errno on failure
318 int fscrypt_initialize(struct super_block *sb)
323 /* pairs with smp_store_release() below */
324 if (likely(smp_load_acquire(&fscrypt_bounce_page_pool)))
327 /* No need to allocate a bounce page pool if this FS won't use it. */
328 if (sb->s_cop->flags & FS_CFLG_OWN_PAGES)
331 mutex_lock(&fscrypt_init_mutex);
332 if (fscrypt_bounce_page_pool)
336 pool = mempool_create_page_pool(num_prealloc_crypto_pages, 0);
339 /* pairs with smp_load_acquire() above */
340 smp_store_release(&fscrypt_bounce_page_pool, pool);
343 mutex_unlock(&fscrypt_init_mutex);
347 void fscrypt_msg(const struct inode *inode, const char *level,
348 const char *fmt, ...)
350 static DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(rs, DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_INTERVAL,
351 DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_BURST);
352 struct va_format vaf;
355 if (!__ratelimit(&rs))
361 if (inode && inode->i_ino)
362 printk("%sfscrypt (%s, inode %lu): %pV\n",
363 level, inode->i_sb->s_id, inode->i_ino, &vaf);
365 printk("%sfscrypt (%s): %pV\n", level, inode->i_sb->s_id, &vaf);
367 printk("%sfscrypt: %pV\n", level, &vaf);
372 * fscrypt_init() - Set up for fs encryption.
374 * Return: 0 on success; -errno on failure
376 static int __init fscrypt_init(void)
381 * Use an unbound workqueue to allow bios to be decrypted in parallel
382 * even when they happen to complete on the same CPU. This sacrifices
383 * locality, but it's worthwhile since decryption is CPU-intensive.
385 * Also use a high-priority workqueue to prioritize decryption work,
386 * which blocks reads from completing, over regular application tasks.
388 fscrypt_read_workqueue = alloc_workqueue("fscrypt_read_queue",
389 WQ_UNBOUND | WQ_HIGHPRI,
391 if (!fscrypt_read_workqueue)
394 fscrypt_info_cachep = KMEM_CACHE(fscrypt_info, SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT);
395 if (!fscrypt_info_cachep)
396 goto fail_free_queue;
398 err = fscrypt_init_keyring();
405 kmem_cache_destroy(fscrypt_info_cachep);
407 destroy_workqueue(fscrypt_read_workqueue);
411 late_initcall(fscrypt_init)