btrfs: fix race between finishing block group creation and its item update

[platform/kernel/linux-rpi.git] / fs / btrfs / tree-log.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2008 Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 */

#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/list_sort.h>
#include <linux/iversion.h>
#include "misc.h"
#include "ctree.h"
#include "tree-log.h"
#include "disk-io.h"
#include "locking.h"
#include "print-tree.h"
#include "backref.h"
#include "compression.h"
#include "qgroup.h"
#include "block-group.h"
#include "space-info.h"
#include "zoned.h"
#include "inode-item.h"
#include "fs.h"
#include "accessors.h"
#include "extent-tree.h"
#include "root-tree.h"
#include "dir-item.h"
#include "file-item.h"
#include "file.h"
#include "orphan.h"
#include "tree-checker.h"

#define MAX_CONFLICT_INODES 10

/* magic values for the inode_only field in btrfs_log_inode:
 *
 * LOG_INODE_ALL means to log everything
 * LOG_INODE_EXISTS means to log just enough to recreate the inode
 * during log replay
 */
enum {
        LOG_INODE_ALL,
        LOG_INODE_EXISTS,
};

/*
 * directory trouble cases
 *
 * 1) on rename or unlink, if the inode being unlinked isn't in the fsync
 * log, we must force a full commit before doing an fsync of the directory
 * where the unlink was done.
 * ---> record transid of last unlink/rename per directory
 *
 * mkdir foo/some_dir
 * normal commit
 * rename foo/some_dir foo2/some_dir
 * mkdir foo/some_dir
 * fsync foo/some_dir/some_file
 *
 * The fsync above will unlink the original some_dir without recording
 * it in its new location (foo2).  After a crash, some_dir will be gone
 * unless the fsync of some_file forces a full commit
 *
 * 2) we must log any new names for any file or dir that is in the fsync
 * log. ---> check inode while renaming/linking.
 *
 * 2a) we must log any new names for any file or dir during rename
 * when the directory they are being removed from was logged.
 * ---> check inode and old parent dir during rename
 *
 *  2a is actually the more important variant.  With the extra logging
 *  a crash might unlink the old name without recreating the new one
 *
 * 3) after a crash, we must go through any directories with a link count
 * of zero and redo the rm -rf
 *
 * mkdir f1/foo
 * normal commit
 * rm -rf f1/foo
 * fsync(f1)
 *
 * The directory f1 was fully removed from the FS, but fsync was never
 * called on f1, only its parent dir.  After a crash the rm -rf must
 * be replayed.  This must be able to recurse down the entire
 * directory tree.  The inode link count fixup code takes care of the
 * ugly details.
 */

/*
 * stages for the tree walking.  The first
 * stage (0) is to only pin down the blocks we find
 * the second stage (1) is to make sure that all the inodes
 * we find in the log are created in the subvolume.
 *
 * The last stage is to deal with directories and links and extents
 * and all the other fun semantics
 */
enum {
        LOG_WALK_PIN_ONLY,
        LOG_WALK_REPLAY_INODES,
        LOG_WALK_REPLAY_DIR_INDEX,
        LOG_WALK_REPLAY_ALL,
};

static int btrfs_log_inode(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                           struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                           int inode_only,
                           struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx);
static int link_to_fixup_dir(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                             struct btrfs_root *root,
                             struct btrfs_path *path, u64 objectid);
static noinline int replay_dir_deletes(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                       struct btrfs_root *root,
                                       struct btrfs_root *log,
                                       struct btrfs_path *path,
                                       u64 dirid, int del_all);
static void wait_log_commit(struct btrfs_root *root, int transid);

/*
 * tree logging is a special write ahead log used to make sure that
 * fsyncs and O_SYNCs can happen without doing full tree commits.
 *
 * Full tree commits are expensive because they require commonly
 * modified blocks to be recowed, creating many dirty pages in the
 * extent tree an 4x-6x higher write load than ext3.
 *
 * Instead of doing a tree commit on every fsync, we use the
 * key ranges and transaction ids to find items for a given file or directory
 * that have changed in this transaction.  Those items are copied into
 * a special tree (one per subvolume root), that tree is written to disk
 * and then the fsync is considered complete.
 *
 * After a crash, items are copied out of the log-tree back into the
 * subvolume tree.  Any file data extents found are recorded in the extent
 * allocation tree, and the log-tree freed.
 *
 * The log tree is read three times, once to pin down all the extents it is
 * using in ram and once, once to create all the inodes logged in the tree
 * and once to do all the other items.
 */

/*
 * start a sub transaction and setup the log tree
 * this increments the log tree writer count to make the people
 * syncing the tree wait for us to finish
 */
static int start_log_trans(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                           struct btrfs_root *root,
                           struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
        struct btrfs_root *tree_root = fs_info->tree_root;
        const bool zoned = btrfs_is_zoned(fs_info);
        int ret = 0;
        bool created = false;

        /*
         * First check if the log root tree was already created. If not, create
         * it before locking the root's log_mutex, just to keep lockdep happy.
         */
        if (!test_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_HAS_LOG_TREE, &tree_root->state)) {
                mutex_lock(&tree_root->log_mutex);
                if (!fs_info->log_root_tree) {
                        ret = btrfs_init_log_root_tree(trans, fs_info);
                        if (!ret) {
                                set_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_HAS_LOG_TREE, &tree_root->state);
                                created = true;
                        }
                }
                mutex_unlock(&tree_root->log_mutex);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
        }

        mutex_lock(&root->log_mutex);

again:
        if (root->log_root) {
                int index = (root->log_transid + 1) % 2;

                if (btrfs_need_log_full_commit(trans)) {
                        ret = BTRFS_LOG_FORCE_COMMIT;
                        goto out;
                }

                if (zoned && atomic_read(&root->log_commit[index])) {
                        wait_log_commit(root, root->log_transid - 1);
                        goto again;
                }

                if (!root->log_start_pid) {
                        clear_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_MULTI_LOG_TASKS, &root->state);
                        root->log_start_pid = current->pid;
                } else if (root->log_start_pid != current->pid) {
                        set_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_MULTI_LOG_TASKS, &root->state);
                }
        } else {
                /*
                 * This means fs_info->log_root_tree was already created
                 * for some other FS trees. Do the full commit not to mix
                 * nodes from multiple log transactions to do sequential
                 * writing.
                 */
                if (zoned && !created) {
                        ret = BTRFS_LOG_FORCE_COMMIT;
                        goto out;
                }

                ret = btrfs_add_log_tree(trans, root);
                if (ret)
                        goto out;

                set_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_HAS_LOG_TREE, &root->state);
                clear_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_MULTI_LOG_TASKS, &root->state);
                root->log_start_pid = current->pid;
        }

        atomic_inc(&root->log_writers);
        if (!ctx->logging_new_name) {
                int index = root->log_transid % 2;
                list_add_tail(&ctx->list, &root->log_ctxs[index]);
                ctx->log_transid = root->log_transid;
        }

out:
        mutex_unlock(&root->log_mutex);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * returns 0 if there was a log transaction running and we were able
 * to join, or returns -ENOENT if there were not transactions
 * in progress
 */
static int join_running_log_trans(struct btrfs_root *root)
{
        const bool zoned = btrfs_is_zoned(root->fs_info);
        int ret = -ENOENT;

        if (!test_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_HAS_LOG_TREE, &root->state))
                return ret;

        mutex_lock(&root->log_mutex);
again:
        if (root->log_root) {
                int index = (root->log_transid + 1) % 2;

                ret = 0;
                if (zoned && atomic_read(&root->log_commit[index])) {
                        wait_log_commit(root, root->log_transid - 1);
                        goto again;
                }
                atomic_inc(&root->log_writers);
        }
        mutex_unlock(&root->log_mutex);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * This either makes the current running log transaction wait
 * until you call btrfs_end_log_trans() or it makes any future
 * log transactions wait until you call btrfs_end_log_trans()
 */
void btrfs_pin_log_trans(struct btrfs_root *root)
{
        atomic_inc(&root->log_writers);
}

/*
 * indicate we're done making changes to the log tree
 * and wake up anyone waiting to do a sync
 */
void btrfs_end_log_trans(struct btrfs_root *root)
{
        if (atomic_dec_and_test(&root->log_writers)) {
                /* atomic_dec_and_test implies a barrier */
                cond_wake_up_nomb(&root->log_writer_wait);
        }
}

/*
 * the walk control struct is used to pass state down the chain when
 * processing the log tree.  The stage field tells us which part
 * of the log tree processing we are currently doing.  The others
 * are state fields used for that specific part
 */
struct walk_control {
        /* should we free the extent on disk when done?  This is used
         * at transaction commit time while freeing a log tree
         */
        int free;

        /* pin only walk, we record which extents on disk belong to the
         * log trees
         */
        int pin;

        /* what stage of the replay code we're currently in */
        int stage;

        /*
         * Ignore any items from the inode currently being processed. Needs
         * to be set every time we find a BTRFS_INODE_ITEM_KEY and we are in
         * the LOG_WALK_REPLAY_INODES stage.
         */
        bool ignore_cur_inode;

        /* the root we are currently replaying */
        struct btrfs_root *replay_dest;

        /* the trans handle for the current replay */
        struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans;

        /* the function that gets used to process blocks we find in the
         * tree.  Note the extent_buffer might not be up to date when it is
         * passed in, and it must be checked or read if you need the data
         * inside it
         */
        int (*process_func)(struct btrfs_root *log, struct extent_buffer *eb,
                            struct walk_control *wc, u64 gen, int level);
};

/*
 * process_func used to pin down extents, write them or wait on them
 */
static int process_one_buffer(struct btrfs_root *log,
                              struct extent_buffer *eb,
                              struct walk_control *wc, u64 gen, int level)
{
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = log->fs_info;
        int ret = 0;

        /*
         * If this fs is mixed then we need to be able to process the leaves to
         * pin down any logged extents, so we have to read the block.
         */
        if (btrfs_fs_incompat(fs_info, MIXED_GROUPS)) {
                struct btrfs_tree_parent_check check = {
                        .level = level,
                        .transid = gen
                };

                ret = btrfs_read_extent_buffer(eb, &check);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
        }

        if (wc->pin) {
                ret = btrfs_pin_extent_for_log_replay(wc->trans, eb->start,
                                                      eb->len);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;

                if (btrfs_buffer_uptodate(eb, gen, 0) &&
                    btrfs_header_level(eb) == 0)
                        ret = btrfs_exclude_logged_extents(eb);
        }
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Item overwrite used by replay and tree logging.  eb, slot and key all refer
 * to the src data we are copying out.
 *
 * root is the tree we are copying into, and path is a scratch
 * path for use in this function (it should be released on entry and
 * will be released on exit).
 *
 * If the key is already in the destination tree the existing item is
 * overwritten.  If the existing item isn't big enough, it is extended.
 * If it is too large, it is truncated.
 *
 * If the key isn't in the destination yet, a new item is inserted.
 */
static int overwrite_item(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                          struct btrfs_root *root,
                          struct btrfs_path *path,
                          struct extent_buffer *eb, int slot,
                          struct btrfs_key *key)
{
        int ret;
        u32 item_size;
        u64 saved_i_size = 0;
        int save_old_i_size = 0;
        unsigned long src_ptr;
        unsigned long dst_ptr;
        bool inode_item = key->type == BTRFS_INODE_ITEM_KEY;

        /*
         * This is only used during log replay, so the root is always from a
         * fs/subvolume tree. In case we ever need to support a log root, then
         * we'll have to clone the leaf in the path, release the path and use
         * the leaf before writing into the log tree. See the comments at
         * copy_items() for more details.
         */
        ASSERT(root->root_key.objectid != BTRFS_TREE_LOG_OBJECTID);

        item_size = btrfs_item_size(eb, slot);
        src_ptr = btrfs_item_ptr_offset(eb, slot);

        /* Look for the key in the destination tree. */
        ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, key, path, 0, 0);
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;

        if (ret == 0) {
                char *src_copy;
                char *dst_copy;
                u32 dst_size = btrfs_item_size(path->nodes[0],
                                                  path->slots[0]);
                if (dst_size != item_size)
                        goto insert;

                if (item_size == 0) {
                        btrfs_release_path(path);
                        return 0;
                }
                dst_copy = kmalloc(item_size, GFP_NOFS);
                src_copy = kmalloc(item_size, GFP_NOFS);
                if (!dst_copy || !src_copy) {
                        btrfs_release_path(path);
                        kfree(dst_copy);
                        kfree(src_copy);
                        return -ENOMEM;
                }

                read_extent_buffer(eb, src_copy, src_ptr, item_size);

                dst_ptr = btrfs_item_ptr_offset(path->nodes[0], path->slots[0]);
                read_extent_buffer(path->nodes[0], dst_copy, dst_ptr,
                                   item_size);
                ret = memcmp(dst_copy, src_copy, item_size);

                kfree(dst_copy);
                kfree(src_copy);
                /*
                 * they have the same contents, just return, this saves
                 * us from cowing blocks in the destination tree and doing
                 * extra writes that may not have been done by a previous
                 * sync
                 */
                if (ret == 0) {
                        btrfs_release_path(path);
                        return 0;
                }

                /*
                 * We need to load the old nbytes into the inode so when we
                 * replay the extents we've logged we get the right nbytes.
                 */
                if (inode_item) {
                        struct btrfs_inode_item *item;
                        u64 nbytes;
                        u32 mode;

                        item = btrfs_item_ptr(path->nodes[0], path->slots[0],
                                              struct btrfs_inode_item);
                        nbytes = btrfs_inode_nbytes(path->nodes[0], item);
                        item = btrfs_item_ptr(eb, slot,
                                              struct btrfs_inode_item);
                        btrfs_set_inode_nbytes(eb, item, nbytes);

                        /*
                         * If this is a directory we need to reset the i_size to
                         * 0 so that we can set it up properly when replaying
                         * the rest of the items in this log.
                         */
                        mode = btrfs_inode_mode(eb, item);
                        if (S_ISDIR(mode))
                                btrfs_set_inode_size(eb, item, 0);
                }
        } else if (inode_item) {
                struct btrfs_inode_item *item;
                u32 mode;

                /*
                 * New inode, set nbytes to 0 so that the nbytes comes out
                 * properly when we replay the extents.
                 */
                item = btrfs_item_ptr(eb, slot, struct btrfs_inode_item);
                btrfs_set_inode_nbytes(eb, item, 0);

                /*
                 * If this is a directory we need to reset the i_size to 0 so
                 * that we can set it up properly when replaying the rest of
                 * the items in this log.
                 */
                mode = btrfs_inode_mode(eb, item);
                if (S_ISDIR(mode))
                        btrfs_set_inode_size(eb, item, 0);
        }
insert:
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        /* try to insert the key into the destination tree */
        path->skip_release_on_error = 1;
        ret = btrfs_insert_empty_item(trans, root, path,
                                      key, item_size);
        path->skip_release_on_error = 0;

        /* make sure any existing item is the correct size */
        if (ret == -EEXIST || ret == -EOVERFLOW) {
                u32 found_size;
                found_size = btrfs_item_size(path->nodes[0],
                                                path->slots[0]);
                if (found_size > item_size)
                        btrfs_truncate_item(path, item_size, 1);
                else if (found_size < item_size)
                        btrfs_extend_item(path, item_size - found_size);
        } else if (ret) {
                return ret;
        }
        dst_ptr = btrfs_item_ptr_offset(path->nodes[0],
                                        path->slots[0]);

        /* don't overwrite an existing inode if the generation number
         * was logged as zero.  This is done when the tree logging code
         * is just logging an inode to make sure it exists after recovery.
         *
         * Also, don't overwrite i_size on directories during replay.
         * log replay inserts and removes directory items based on the
         * state of the tree found in the subvolume, and i_size is modified
         * as it goes
         */
        if (key->type == BTRFS_INODE_ITEM_KEY && ret == -EEXIST) {
                struct btrfs_inode_item *src_item;
                struct btrfs_inode_item *dst_item;

                src_item = (struct btrfs_inode_item *)src_ptr;
                dst_item = (struct btrfs_inode_item *)dst_ptr;

                if (btrfs_inode_generation(eb, src_item) == 0) {
                        struct extent_buffer *dst_eb = path->nodes[0];
                        const u64 ino_size = btrfs_inode_size(eb, src_item);

                        /*
                         * For regular files an ino_size == 0 is used only when
                         * logging that an inode exists, as part of a directory
                         * fsync, and the inode wasn't fsynced before. In this
                         * case don't set the size of the inode in the fs/subvol
                         * tree, otherwise we would be throwing valid data away.
                         */
                        if (S_ISREG(btrfs_inode_mode(eb, src_item)) &&
                            S_ISREG(btrfs_inode_mode(dst_eb, dst_item)) &&
                            ino_size != 0)
                                btrfs_set_inode_size(dst_eb, dst_item, ino_size);
                        goto no_copy;
                }

                if (S_ISDIR(btrfs_inode_mode(eb, src_item)) &&
                    S_ISDIR(btrfs_inode_mode(path->nodes[0], dst_item))) {
                        save_old_i_size = 1;
                        saved_i_size = btrfs_inode_size(path->nodes[0],
                                                        dst_item);
                }
        }

        copy_extent_buffer(path->nodes[0], eb, dst_ptr,
                           src_ptr, item_size);

        if (save_old_i_size) {
                struct btrfs_inode_item *dst_item;
                dst_item = (struct btrfs_inode_item *)dst_ptr;
                btrfs_set_inode_size(path->nodes[0], dst_item, saved_i_size);
        }

        /* make sure the generation is filled in */
        if (key->type == BTRFS_INODE_ITEM_KEY) {
                struct btrfs_inode_item *dst_item;
                dst_item = (struct btrfs_inode_item *)dst_ptr;
                if (btrfs_inode_generation(path->nodes[0], dst_item) == 0) {
                        btrfs_set_inode_generation(path->nodes[0], dst_item,
                                                   trans->transid);
                }
        }
no_copy:
        btrfs_mark_buffer_dirty(path->nodes[0]);
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        return 0;
}

static int read_alloc_one_name(struct extent_buffer *eb, void *start, int len,
                               struct fscrypt_str *name)
{
        char *buf;

        buf = kmalloc(len, GFP_NOFS);
        if (!buf)
                return -ENOMEM;

        read_extent_buffer(eb, buf, (unsigned long)start, len);
        name->name = buf;
        name->len = len;
        return 0;
}

/*
 * simple helper to read an inode off the disk from a given root
 * This can only be called for subvolume roots and not for the log
 */
static noinline struct inode *read_one_inode(struct btrfs_root *root,
                                             u64 objectid)
{
        struct inode *inode;

        inode = btrfs_iget(root->fs_info->sb, objectid, root);
        if (IS_ERR(inode))
                inode = NULL;
        return inode;
}

/* replays a single extent in 'eb' at 'slot' with 'key' into the
 * subvolume 'root'.  path is released on entry and should be released
 * on exit.
 *
 * extents in the log tree have not been allocated out of the extent
 * tree yet.  So, this completes the allocation, taking a reference
 * as required if the extent already exists or creating a new extent
 * if it isn't in the extent allocation tree yet.
 *
 * The extent is inserted into the file, dropping any existing extents
 * from the file that overlap the new one.
 */
static noinline int replay_one_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                      struct btrfs_root *root,
                                      struct btrfs_path *path,
                                      struct extent_buffer *eb, int slot,
                                      struct btrfs_key *key)
{
        struct btrfs_drop_extents_args drop_args = { 0 };
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
        int found_type;
        u64 extent_end;
        u64 start = key->offset;
        u64 nbytes = 0;
        struct btrfs_file_extent_item *item;
        struct inode *inode = NULL;
        unsigned long size;
        int ret = 0;

        item = btrfs_item_ptr(eb, slot, struct btrfs_file_extent_item);
        found_type = btrfs_file_extent_type(eb, item);

        if (found_type == BTRFS_FILE_EXTENT_REG ||
            found_type == BTRFS_FILE_EXTENT_PREALLOC) {
                nbytes = btrfs_file_extent_num_bytes(eb, item);
                extent_end = start + nbytes;

                /*
                 * We don't add to the inodes nbytes if we are prealloc or a
                 * hole.
                 */
                if (btrfs_file_extent_disk_bytenr(eb, item) == 0)
                        nbytes = 0;
        } else if (found_type == BTRFS_FILE_EXTENT_INLINE) {
                size = btrfs_file_extent_ram_bytes(eb, item);
                nbytes = btrfs_file_extent_ram_bytes(eb, item);
                extent_end = ALIGN(start + size,
                                   fs_info->sectorsize);
        } else {
                ret = 0;
                goto out;
        }

        inode = read_one_inode(root, key->objectid);
        if (!inode) {
                ret = -EIO;
                goto out;
        }

        /*
         * first check to see if we already have this extent in the
         * file.  This must be done before the btrfs_drop_extents run
         * so we don't try to drop this extent.
         */
        ret = btrfs_lookup_file_extent(trans, root, path,
                        btrfs_ino(BTRFS_I(inode)), start, 0);

        if (ret == 0 &&
            (found_type == BTRFS_FILE_EXTENT_REG ||
             found_type == BTRFS_FILE_EXTENT_PREALLOC)) {
                struct btrfs_file_extent_item cmp1;
                struct btrfs_file_extent_item cmp2;
                struct btrfs_file_extent_item *existing;
                struct extent_buffer *leaf;

                leaf = path->nodes[0];
                existing = btrfs_item_ptr(leaf, path->slots[0],
                                          struct btrfs_file_extent_item);

                read_extent_buffer(eb, &cmp1, (unsigned long)item,
                                   sizeof(cmp1));
                read_extent_buffer(leaf, &cmp2, (unsigned long)existing,
                                   sizeof(cmp2));

                /*
                 * we already have a pointer to this exact extent,
                 * we don't have to do anything
                 */
                if (memcmp(&cmp1, &cmp2, sizeof(cmp1)) == 0) {
                        btrfs_release_path(path);
                        goto out;
                }
        }
        btrfs_release_path(path);

        /* drop any overlapping extents */
        drop_args.start = start;
        drop_args.end = extent_end;
        drop_args.drop_cache = true;
        ret = btrfs_drop_extents(trans, root, BTRFS_I(inode), &drop_args);
        if (ret)
                goto out;

        if (found_type == BTRFS_FILE_EXTENT_REG ||
            found_type == BTRFS_FILE_EXTENT_PREALLOC) {
                u64 offset;
                unsigned long dest_offset;
                struct btrfs_key ins;

                if (btrfs_file_extent_disk_bytenr(eb, item) == 0 &&
                    btrfs_fs_incompat(fs_info, NO_HOLES))
                        goto update_inode;

                ret = btrfs_insert_empty_item(trans, root, path, key,
                                              sizeof(*item));
                if (ret)
                        goto out;
                dest_offset = btrfs_item_ptr_offset(path->nodes[0],
                                                    path->slots[0]);
                copy_extent_buffer(path->nodes[0], eb, dest_offset,
                                (unsigned long)item,  sizeof(*item));

                ins.objectid = btrfs_file_extent_disk_bytenr(eb, item);
                ins.offset = btrfs_file_extent_disk_num_bytes(eb, item);
                ins.type = BTRFS_EXTENT_ITEM_KEY;
                offset = key->offset - btrfs_file_extent_offset(eb, item);

                /*
                 * Manually record dirty extent, as here we did a shallow
                 * file extent item copy and skip normal backref update,
                 * but modifying extent tree all by ourselves.
                 * So need to manually record dirty extent for qgroup,
                 * as the owner of the file extent changed from log tree
                 * (doesn't affect qgroup) to fs/file tree(affects qgroup)
                 */
                ret = btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent(trans,
                                btrfs_file_extent_disk_bytenr(eb, item),
                                btrfs_file_extent_disk_num_bytes(eb, item));
                if (ret < 0)
                        goto out;

                if (ins.objectid > 0) {
                        struct btrfs_ref ref = { 0 };
                        u64 csum_start;
                        u64 csum_end;
                        LIST_HEAD(ordered_sums);

                        /*
                         * is this extent already allocated in the extent
                         * allocation tree?  If so, just add a reference
                         */
                        ret = btrfs_lookup_data_extent(fs_info, ins.objectid,
                                                ins.offset);
                        if (ret < 0) {
                                goto out;
                        } else if (ret == 0) {
                                btrfs_init_generic_ref(&ref,
                                                BTRFS_ADD_DELAYED_REF,
                                                ins.objectid, ins.offset, 0);
                                btrfs_init_data_ref(&ref,
                                                root->root_key.objectid,
                                                key->objectid, offset, 0, false);
                                ret = btrfs_inc_extent_ref(trans, &ref);
                                if (ret)
                                        goto out;
                        } else {
                                /*
                                 * insert the extent pointer in the extent
                                 * allocation tree
                                 */
                                ret = btrfs_alloc_logged_file_extent(trans,
                                                root->root_key.objectid,
                                                key->objectid, offset, &ins);
                                if (ret)
                                        goto out;
                        }
                        btrfs_release_path(path);

                        if (btrfs_file_extent_compression(eb, item)) {
                                csum_start = ins.objectid;
                                csum_end = csum_start + ins.offset;
                        } else {
                                csum_start = ins.objectid +
                                        btrfs_file_extent_offset(eb, item);
                                csum_end = csum_start +
                                        btrfs_file_extent_num_bytes(eb, item);
                        }

                        ret = btrfs_lookup_csums_list(root->log_root,
                                                csum_start, csum_end - 1,
                                                &ordered_sums, 0, false);
                        if (ret)
                                goto out;
                        /*
                         * Now delete all existing cums in the csum root that
                         * cover our range. We do this because we can have an
                         * extent that is completely referenced by one file
                         * extent item and partially referenced by another
                         * file extent item (like after using the clone or
                         * extent_same ioctls). In this case if we end up doing
                         * the replay of the one that partially references the
                         * extent first, and we do not do the csum deletion
                         * below, we can get 2 csum items in the csum tree that
                         * overlap each other. For example, imagine our log has
                         * the two following file extent items:
                         *
                         * key (257 EXTENT_DATA 409600)
                         *     extent data disk byte 12845056 nr 102400
                         *     extent data offset 20480 nr 20480 ram 102400
                         *
                         * key (257 EXTENT_DATA 819200)
                         *     extent data disk byte 12845056 nr 102400
                         *     extent data offset 0 nr 102400 ram 102400
                         *
                         * Where the second one fully references the 100K extent
                         * that starts at disk byte 12845056, and the log tree
                         * has a single csum item that covers the entire range
                         * of the extent:
                         *
                         * key (EXTENT_CSUM EXTENT_CSUM 12845056) itemsize 100
                         *
                         * After the first file extent item is replayed, the
                         * csum tree gets the following csum item:
                         *
                         * key (EXTENT_CSUM EXTENT_CSUM 12865536) itemsize 20
                         *
                         * Which covers the 20K sub-range starting at offset 20K
                         * of our extent. Now when we replay the second file
                         * extent item, if we do not delete existing csum items
                         * that cover any of its blocks, we end up getting two
                         * csum items in our csum tree that overlap each other:
                         *
                         * key (EXTENT_CSUM EXTENT_CSUM 12845056) itemsize 100
                         * key (EXTENT_CSUM EXTENT_CSUM 12865536) itemsize 20
                         *
                         * Which is a problem, because after this anyone trying
                         * to lookup up for the checksum of any block of our
                         * extent starting at an offset of 40K or higher, will
                         * end up looking at the second csum item only, which
                         * does not contain the checksum for any block starting
                         * at offset 40K or higher of our extent.
                         */
                        while (!list_empty(&ordered_sums)) {
                                struct btrfs_ordered_sum *sums;
                                struct btrfs_root *csum_root;

                                sums = list_entry(ordered_sums.next,
                                                struct btrfs_ordered_sum,
                                                list);
                                csum_root = btrfs_csum_root(fs_info,
                                                            sums->logical);
                                if (!ret)
                                        ret = btrfs_del_csums(trans, csum_root,
                                                              sums->logical,
                                                              sums->len);
                                if (!ret)
                                        ret = btrfs_csum_file_blocks(trans,
                                                                     csum_root,
                                                                     sums);
                                list_del(&sums->list);
                                kfree(sums);
                        }
                        if (ret)
                                goto out;
                } else {
                        btrfs_release_path(path);
                }
        } else if (found_type == BTRFS_FILE_EXTENT_INLINE) {
                /* inline extents are easy, we just overwrite them */
                ret = overwrite_item(trans, root, path, eb, slot, key);
                if (ret)
                        goto out;
        }

        ret = btrfs_inode_set_file_extent_range(BTRFS_I(inode), start,
                                                extent_end - start);
        if (ret)
                goto out;

update_inode:
        btrfs_update_inode_bytes(BTRFS_I(inode), nbytes, drop_args.bytes_found);
        ret = btrfs_update_inode(trans, root, BTRFS_I(inode));
out:
        iput(inode);
        return ret;
}

static int unlink_inode_for_log_replay(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                       struct btrfs_inode *dir,
                                       struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                       const struct fscrypt_str *name)
{
        int ret;

        ret = btrfs_unlink_inode(trans, dir, inode, name);
        if (ret)
                return ret;
        /*
         * Whenever we need to check if a name exists or not, we check the
         * fs/subvolume tree. So after an unlink we must run delayed items, so
         * that future checks for a name during log replay see that the name
         * does not exists anymore.
         */
        return btrfs_run_delayed_items(trans);
}

/*
 * when cleaning up conflicts between the directory names in the
 * subvolume, directory names in the log and directory names in the
 * inode back references, we may have to unlink inodes from directories.
 *
 * This is a helper function to do the unlink of a specific directory
 * item
 */
static noinline int drop_one_dir_item(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                      struct btrfs_path *path,
                                      struct btrfs_inode *dir,
                                      struct btrfs_dir_item *di)
{
        struct btrfs_root *root = dir->root;
        struct inode *inode;
        struct fscrypt_str name;
        struct extent_buffer *leaf;
        struct btrfs_key location;
        int ret;

        leaf = path->nodes[0];

        btrfs_dir_item_key_to_cpu(leaf, di, &location);
        ret = read_alloc_one_name(leaf, di + 1, btrfs_dir_name_len(leaf, di), &name);
        if (ret)
                return -ENOMEM;

        btrfs_release_path(path);

        inode = read_one_inode(root, location.objectid);
        if (!inode) {
                ret = -EIO;
                goto out;
        }

        ret = link_to_fixup_dir(trans, root, path, location.objectid);
        if (ret)
                goto out;

        ret = unlink_inode_for_log_replay(trans, dir, BTRFS_I(inode), &name);
out:
        kfree(name.name);
        iput(inode);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * See if a given name and sequence number found in an inode back reference are
 * already in a directory and correctly point to this inode.
 *
 * Returns: < 0 on error, 0 if the directory entry does not exists and 1 if it
 * exists.
 */
static noinline int inode_in_dir(struct btrfs_root *root,
                                 struct btrfs_path *path,
                                 u64 dirid, u64 objectid, u64 index,
                                 struct fscrypt_str *name)
{
        struct btrfs_dir_item *di;
        struct btrfs_key location;
        int ret = 0;

        di = btrfs_lookup_dir_index_item(NULL, root, path, dirid,
                                         index, name, 0);
        if (IS_ERR(di)) {
                ret = PTR_ERR(di);
                goto out;
        } else if (di) {
                btrfs_dir_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], di, &location);
                if (location.objectid != objectid)
                        goto out;
        } else {
                goto out;
        }

        btrfs_release_path(path);
        di = btrfs_lookup_dir_item(NULL, root, path, dirid, name, 0);
        if (IS_ERR(di)) {
                ret = PTR_ERR(di);
                goto out;
        } else if (di) {
                btrfs_dir_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], di, &location);
                if (location.objectid == objectid)
                        ret = 1;
        }
out:
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * helper function to check a log tree for a named back reference in
 * an inode.  This is used to decide if a back reference that is
 * found in the subvolume conflicts with what we find in the log.
 *
 * inode backreferences may have multiple refs in a single item,
 * during replay we process one reference at a time, and we don't
 * want to delete valid links to a file from the subvolume if that
 * link is also in the log.
 */
static noinline int backref_in_log(struct btrfs_root *log,
                                   struct btrfs_key *key,
                                   u64 ref_objectid,
                                   const struct fscrypt_str *name)
{
        struct btrfs_path *path;
        int ret;

        path = btrfs_alloc_path();
        if (!path)
                return -ENOMEM;

        ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, log, key, path, 0, 0);
        if (ret < 0) {
                goto out;
        } else if (ret == 1) {
                ret = 0;
                goto out;
        }

        if (key->type == BTRFS_INODE_EXTREF_KEY)
                ret = !!btrfs_find_name_in_ext_backref(path->nodes[0],
                                                       path->slots[0],
                                                       ref_objectid, name);
        else
                ret = !!btrfs_find_name_in_backref(path->nodes[0],
                                                   path->slots[0], name);
out:
        btrfs_free_path(path);
        return ret;
}

static inline int __add_inode_ref(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                  struct btrfs_root *root,
                                  struct btrfs_path *path,
                                  struct btrfs_root *log_root,
                                  struct btrfs_inode *dir,
                                  struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                  u64 inode_objectid, u64 parent_objectid,
                                  u64 ref_index, struct fscrypt_str *name)
{
        int ret;
        struct extent_buffer *leaf;
        struct btrfs_dir_item *di;
        struct btrfs_key search_key;
        struct btrfs_inode_extref *extref;

again:
        /* Search old style refs */
        search_key.objectid = inode_objectid;
        search_key.type = BTRFS_INODE_REF_KEY;
        search_key.offset = parent_objectid;
        ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, &search_key, path, 0, 0);
        if (ret == 0) {
                struct btrfs_inode_ref *victim_ref;
                unsigned long ptr;
                unsigned long ptr_end;

                leaf = path->nodes[0];

                /* are we trying to overwrite a back ref for the root directory
                 * if so, just jump out, we're done
                 */
                if (search_key.objectid == search_key.offset)
                        return 1;

                /* check all the names in this back reference to see
                 * if they are in the log.  if so, we allow them to stay
                 * otherwise they must be unlinked as a conflict
                 */
                ptr = btrfs_item_ptr_offset(leaf, path->slots[0]);
                ptr_end = ptr + btrfs_item_size(leaf, path->slots[0]);
                while (ptr < ptr_end) {
                        struct fscrypt_str victim_name;

                        victim_ref = (struct btrfs_inode_ref *)ptr;
                        ret = read_alloc_one_name(leaf, (victim_ref + 1),
                                 btrfs_inode_ref_name_len(leaf, victim_ref),
                                 &victim_name);
                        if (ret)
                                return ret;

                        ret = backref_in_log(log_root, &search_key,
                                             parent_objectid, &victim_name);
                        if (ret < 0) {
                                kfree(victim_name.name);
                                return ret;
                        } else if (!ret) {
                                inc_nlink(&inode->vfs_inode);
                                btrfs_release_path(path);

                                ret = unlink_inode_for_log_replay(trans, dir, inode,
                                                &victim_name);
                                kfree(victim_name.name);
                                if (ret)
                                        return ret;
                                goto again;
                        }
                        kfree(victim_name.name);

                        ptr = (unsigned long)(victim_ref + 1) + victim_name.len;
                }
        }
        btrfs_release_path(path);

        /* Same search but for extended refs */
        extref = btrfs_lookup_inode_extref(NULL, root, path, name,
                                           inode_objectid, parent_objectid, 0,
                                           0);
        if (IS_ERR(extref)) {
                return PTR_ERR(extref);
        } else if (extref) {
                u32 item_size;
                u32 cur_offset = 0;
                unsigned long base;
                struct inode *victim_parent;

                leaf = path->nodes[0];

                item_size = btrfs_item_size(leaf, path->slots[0]);
                base = btrfs_item_ptr_offset(leaf, path->slots[0]);

                while (cur_offset < item_size) {
                        struct fscrypt_str victim_name;

                        extref = (struct btrfs_inode_extref *)(base + cur_offset);

                        if (btrfs_inode_extref_parent(leaf, extref) != parent_objectid)
                                goto next;

                        ret = read_alloc_one_name(leaf, &extref->name,
                                 btrfs_inode_extref_name_len(leaf, extref),
                                 &victim_name);
                        if (ret)
                                return ret;

                        search_key.objectid = inode_objectid;
                        search_key.type = BTRFS_INODE_EXTREF_KEY;
                        search_key.offset = btrfs_extref_hash(parent_objectid,
                                                              victim_name.name,
                                                              victim_name.len);
                        ret = backref_in_log(log_root, &search_key,
                                             parent_objectid, &victim_name);
                        if (ret < 0) {
                                kfree(victim_name.name);
                                return ret;
                        } else if (!ret) {
                                ret = -ENOENT;
                                victim_parent = read_one_inode(root,
                                                parent_objectid);
                                if (victim_parent) {
                                        inc_nlink(&inode->vfs_inode);
                                        btrfs_release_path(path);

                                        ret = unlink_inode_for_log_replay(trans,
                                                        BTRFS_I(victim_parent),
                                                        inode, &victim_name);
                                }
                                iput(victim_parent);
                                kfree(victim_name.name);
                                if (ret)
                                        return ret;
                                goto again;
                        }
                        kfree(victim_name.name);
next:
                        cur_offset += victim_name.len + sizeof(*extref);
                }
        }
        btrfs_release_path(path);

        /* look for a conflicting sequence number */
        di = btrfs_lookup_dir_index_item(trans, root, path, btrfs_ino(dir),
                                         ref_index, name, 0);
        if (IS_ERR(di)) {
                return PTR_ERR(di);
        } else if (di) {
                ret = drop_one_dir_item(trans, path, dir, di);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
        }
        btrfs_release_path(path);

        /* look for a conflicting name */
        di = btrfs_lookup_dir_item(trans, root, path, btrfs_ino(dir), name, 0);
        if (IS_ERR(di)) {
                return PTR_ERR(di);
        } else if (di) {
                ret = drop_one_dir_item(trans, path, dir, di);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
        }
        btrfs_release_path(path);

        return 0;
}

static int extref_get_fields(struct extent_buffer *eb, unsigned long ref_ptr,
                             struct fscrypt_str *name, u64 *index,
                             u64 *parent_objectid)
{
        struct btrfs_inode_extref *extref;
        int ret;

        extref = (struct btrfs_inode_extref *)ref_ptr;

        ret = read_alloc_one_name(eb, &extref->name,
                                  btrfs_inode_extref_name_len(eb, extref), name);
        if (ret)
                return ret;

        if (index)
                *index = btrfs_inode_extref_index(eb, extref);
        if (parent_objectid)
                *parent_objectid = btrfs_inode_extref_parent(eb, extref);

        return 0;
}

static int ref_get_fields(struct extent_buffer *eb, unsigned long ref_ptr,
                          struct fscrypt_str *name, u64 *index)
{
        struct btrfs_inode_ref *ref;
        int ret;

        ref = (struct btrfs_inode_ref *)ref_ptr;

        ret = read_alloc_one_name(eb, ref + 1, btrfs_inode_ref_name_len(eb, ref),
                                  name);
        if (ret)
                return ret;

        if (index)
                *index = btrfs_inode_ref_index(eb, ref);

        return 0;
}

/*
 * Take an inode reference item from the log tree and iterate all names from the
 * inode reference item in the subvolume tree with the same key (if it exists).
 * For any name that is not in the inode reference item from the log tree, do a
 * proper unlink of that name (that is, remove its entry from the inode
 * reference item and both dir index keys).
 */
static int unlink_old_inode_refs(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                 struct btrfs_root *root,
                                 struct btrfs_path *path,
                                 struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                 struct extent_buffer *log_eb,
                                 int log_slot,
                                 struct btrfs_key *key)
{
        int ret;
        unsigned long ref_ptr;
        unsigned long ref_end;
        struct extent_buffer *eb;

again:
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, key, path, 0, 0);
        if (ret > 0) {
                ret = 0;
                goto out;
        }
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;

        eb = path->nodes[0];
        ref_ptr = btrfs_item_ptr_offset(eb, path->slots[0]);
        ref_end = ref_ptr + btrfs_item_size(eb, path->slots[0]);
        while (ref_ptr < ref_end) {
                struct fscrypt_str name;
                u64 parent_id;

                if (key->type == BTRFS_INODE_EXTREF_KEY) {
                        ret = extref_get_fields(eb, ref_ptr, &name,
                                                NULL, &parent_id);
                } else {
                        parent_id = key->offset;
                        ret = ref_get_fields(eb, ref_ptr, &name, NULL);
                }
                if (ret)
                        goto out;

                if (key->type == BTRFS_INODE_EXTREF_KEY)
                        ret = !!btrfs_find_name_in_ext_backref(log_eb, log_slot,
                                                               parent_id, &name);
                else
                        ret = !!btrfs_find_name_in_backref(log_eb, log_slot, &name);

                if (!ret) {
                        struct inode *dir;

                        btrfs_release_path(path);
                        dir = read_one_inode(root, parent_id);
                        if (!dir) {
                                ret = -ENOENT;
                                kfree(name.name);
                                goto out;
                        }
                        ret = unlink_inode_for_log_replay(trans, BTRFS_I(dir),
                                                 inode, &name);
                        kfree(name.name);
                        iput(dir);
                        if (ret)
                                goto out;
                        goto again;
                }

                kfree(name.name);
                ref_ptr += name.len;
                if (key->type == BTRFS_INODE_EXTREF_KEY)
                        ref_ptr += sizeof(struct btrfs_inode_extref);
                else
                        ref_ptr += sizeof(struct btrfs_inode_ref);
        }
        ret = 0;
 out:
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * replay one inode back reference item found in the log tree.
 * eb, slot and key refer to the buffer and key found in the log tree.
 * root is the destination we are replaying into, and path is for temp
 * use by this function.  (it should be released on return).
 */
static noinline int add_inode_ref(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                  struct btrfs_root *root,
                                  struct btrfs_root *log,
                                  struct btrfs_path *path,
                                  struct extent_buffer *eb, int slot,
                                  struct btrfs_key *key)
{
        struct inode *dir = NULL;
        struct inode *inode = NULL;
        unsigned long ref_ptr;
        unsigned long ref_end;
        struct fscrypt_str name;
        int ret;
        int log_ref_ver = 0;
        u64 parent_objectid;
        u64 inode_objectid;
        u64 ref_index = 0;
        int ref_struct_size;

        ref_ptr = btrfs_item_ptr_offset(eb, slot);
        ref_end = ref_ptr + btrfs_item_size(eb, slot);

        if (key->type == BTRFS_INODE_EXTREF_KEY) {
                struct btrfs_inode_extref *r;

                ref_struct_size = sizeof(struct btrfs_inode_extref);
                log_ref_ver = 1;
                r = (struct btrfs_inode_extref *)ref_ptr;
                parent_objectid = btrfs_inode_extref_parent(eb, r);
        } else {
                ref_struct_size = sizeof(struct btrfs_inode_ref);
                parent_objectid = key->offset;
        }
        inode_objectid = key->objectid;

        /*
         * it is possible that we didn't log all the parent directories
         * for a given inode.  If we don't find the dir, just don't
         * copy the back ref in.  The link count fixup code will take
         * care of the rest
         */
        dir = read_one_inode(root, parent_objectid);
        if (!dir) {
                ret = -ENOENT;
                goto out;
        }

        inode = read_one_inode(root, inode_objectid);
        if (!inode) {
                ret = -EIO;
                goto out;
        }

        while (ref_ptr < ref_end) {
                if (log_ref_ver) {
                        ret = extref_get_fields(eb, ref_ptr, &name,
                                                &ref_index, &parent_objectid);
                        /*
                         * parent object can change from one array
                         * item to another.
                         */
                        if (!dir)
                                dir = read_one_inode(root, parent_objectid);
                        if (!dir) {
                                ret = -ENOENT;
                                goto out;
                        }
                } else {
                        ret = ref_get_fields(eb, ref_ptr, &name, &ref_index);
                }
                if (ret)
                        goto out;

                ret = inode_in_dir(root, path, btrfs_ino(BTRFS_I(dir)),
                                   btrfs_ino(BTRFS_I(inode)), ref_index, &name);
                if (ret < 0) {
                        goto out;
                } else if (ret == 0) {
                        /*
                         * look for a conflicting back reference in the
                         * metadata. if we find one we have to unlink that name
                         * of the file before we add our new link.  Later on, we
                         * overwrite any existing back reference, and we don't
                         * want to create dangling pointers in the directory.
                         */
                        ret = __add_inode_ref(trans, root, path, log,
                                              BTRFS_I(dir), BTRFS_I(inode),
                                              inode_objectid, parent_objectid,
                                              ref_index, &name);
                        if (ret) {
                                if (ret == 1)
                                        ret = 0;
                                goto out;
                        }

                        /* insert our name */
                        ret = btrfs_add_link(trans, BTRFS_I(dir), BTRFS_I(inode),
                                             &name, 0, ref_index);
                        if (ret)
                                goto out;

                        ret = btrfs_update_inode(trans, root, BTRFS_I(inode));
                        if (ret)
                                goto out;
                }
                /* Else, ret == 1, we already have a perfect match, we're done. */

                ref_ptr = (unsigned long)(ref_ptr + ref_struct_size) + name.len;
                kfree(name.name);
                name.name = NULL;
                if (log_ref_ver) {
                        iput(dir);
                        dir = NULL;
                }
        }

        /*
         * Before we overwrite the inode reference item in the subvolume tree
         * with the item from the log tree, we must unlink all names from the
         * parent directory that are in the subvolume's tree inode reference
         * item, otherwise we end up with an inconsistent subvolume tree where
         * dir index entries exist for a name but there is no inode reference
         * item with the same name.
         */
        ret = unlink_old_inode_refs(trans, root, path, BTRFS_I(inode), eb, slot,
                                    key);
        if (ret)
                goto out;

        /* finally write the back reference in the inode */
        ret = overwrite_item(trans, root, path, eb, slot, key);
out:
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        kfree(name.name);
        iput(dir);
        iput(inode);
        return ret;
}

static int count_inode_extrefs(struct btrfs_root *root,
                struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct btrfs_path *path)
{
        int ret = 0;
        int name_len;
        unsigned int nlink = 0;
        u32 item_size;
        u32 cur_offset = 0;
        u64 inode_objectid = btrfs_ino(inode);
        u64 offset = 0;
        unsigned long ptr;
        struct btrfs_inode_extref *extref;
        struct extent_buffer *leaf;

        while (1) {
                ret = btrfs_find_one_extref(root, inode_objectid, offset, path,
                                            &extref, &offset);
                if (ret)
                        break;

                leaf = path->nodes[0];
                item_size = btrfs_item_size(leaf, path->slots[0]);
                ptr = btrfs_item_ptr_offset(leaf, path->slots[0]);
                cur_offset = 0;

                while (cur_offset < item_size) {
                        extref = (struct btrfs_inode_extref *) (ptr + cur_offset);
                        name_len = btrfs_inode_extref_name_len(leaf, extref);

                        nlink++;

                        cur_offset += name_len + sizeof(*extref);
                }

                offset++;
                btrfs_release_path(path);
        }
        btrfs_release_path(path);

        if (ret < 0 && ret != -ENOENT)
                return ret;
        return nlink;
}

static int count_inode_refs(struct btrfs_root *root,
                        struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct btrfs_path *path)
{
        int ret;
        struct btrfs_key key;
        unsigned int nlink = 0;
        unsigned long ptr;
        unsigned long ptr_end;
        int name_len;
        u64 ino = btrfs_ino(inode);

        key.objectid = ino;
        key.type = BTRFS_INODE_REF_KEY;
        key.offset = (u64)-1;

        while (1) {
                ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, &key, path, 0, 0);
                if (ret < 0)
                        break;
                if (ret > 0) {
                        if (path->slots[0] == 0)
                                break;
                        path->slots[0]--;
                }
process_slot:
                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], &key,
                                      path->slots[0]);
                if (key.objectid != ino ||
                    key.type != BTRFS_INODE_REF_KEY)
                        break;
                ptr = btrfs_item_ptr_offset(path->nodes[0], path->slots[0]);
                ptr_end = ptr + btrfs_item_size(path->nodes[0],
                                                   path->slots[0]);
                while (ptr < ptr_end) {
                        struct btrfs_inode_ref *ref;

                        ref = (struct btrfs_inode_ref *)ptr;
                        name_len = btrfs_inode_ref_name_len(path->nodes[0],
                                                            ref);
                        ptr = (unsigned long)(ref + 1) + name_len;
                        nlink++;
                }

                if (key.offset == 0)
                        break;
                if (path->slots[0] > 0) {
                        path->slots[0]--;
                        goto process_slot;
                }
                key.offset--;
                btrfs_release_path(path);
        }
        btrfs_release_path(path);

        return nlink;
}

/*
 * There are a few corners where the link count of the file can't
 * be properly maintained during replay.  So, instead of adding
 * lots of complexity to the log code, we just scan the backrefs
 * for any file that has been through replay.
 *
 * The scan will update the link count on the inode to reflect the
 * number of back refs found.  If it goes down to zero, the iput
 * will free the inode.
 */
static noinline int fixup_inode_link_count(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                           struct btrfs_root *root,
                                           struct inode *inode)
{
        struct btrfs_path *path;
        int ret;
        u64 nlink = 0;
        u64 ino = btrfs_ino(BTRFS_I(inode));

        path = btrfs_alloc_path();
        if (!path)
                return -ENOMEM;

        ret = count_inode_refs(root, BTRFS_I(inode), path);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;

        nlink = ret;

        ret = count_inode_extrefs(root, BTRFS_I(inode), path);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;

        nlink += ret;

        ret = 0;

        if (nlink != inode->i_nlink) {
                set_nlink(inode, nlink);
                ret = btrfs_update_inode(trans, root, BTRFS_I(inode));
                if (ret)
                        goto out;
        }
        BTRFS_I(inode)->index_cnt = (u64)-1;

        if (inode->i_nlink == 0) {
                if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
                        ret = replay_dir_deletes(trans, root, NULL, path,
                                                 ino, 1);
                        if (ret)
                                goto out;
                }
                ret = btrfs_insert_orphan_item(trans, root, ino);
                if (ret == -EEXIST)
                        ret = 0;
        }

out:
        btrfs_free_path(path);
        return ret;
}

static noinline int fixup_inode_link_counts(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                            struct btrfs_root *root,
                                            struct btrfs_path *path)
{
        int ret;
        struct btrfs_key key;
        struct inode *inode;

        key.objectid = BTRFS_TREE_LOG_FIXUP_OBJECTID;
        key.type = BTRFS_ORPHAN_ITEM_KEY;
        key.offset = (u64)-1;
        while (1) {
                ret = btrfs_search_slot(trans, root, &key, path, -1, 1);
                if (ret < 0)
                        break;

                if (ret == 1) {
                        ret = 0;
                        if (path->slots[0] == 0)
                                break;
                        path->slots[0]--;
                }

                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], &key, path->slots[0]);
                if (key.objectid != BTRFS_TREE_LOG_FIXUP_OBJECTID ||
                    key.type != BTRFS_ORPHAN_ITEM_KEY)
                        break;

                ret = btrfs_del_item(trans, root, path);
                if (ret)
                        break;

                btrfs_release_path(path);
                inode = read_one_inode(root, key.offset);
                if (!inode) {
                        ret = -EIO;
                        break;
                }

                ret = fixup_inode_link_count(trans, root, inode);
                iput(inode);
                if (ret)
                        break;

                /*
                 * fixup on a directory may create new entries,
                 * make sure we always look for the highset possible
                 * offset
                 */
                key.offset = (u64)-1;
        }
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        return ret;
}


/*
 * record a given inode in the fixup dir so we can check its link
 * count when replay is done.  The link count is incremented here
 * so the inode won't go away until we check it
 */
static noinline int link_to_fixup_dir(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                      struct btrfs_root *root,
                                      struct btrfs_path *path,
                                      u64 objectid)
{
        struct btrfs_key key;
        int ret = 0;
        struct inode *inode;

        inode = read_one_inode(root, objectid);
        if (!inode)
                return -EIO;

        key.objectid = BTRFS_TREE_LOG_FIXUP_OBJECTID;
        key.type = BTRFS_ORPHAN_ITEM_KEY;
        key.offset = objectid;

        ret = btrfs_insert_empty_item(trans, root, path, &key, 0);

        btrfs_release_path(path);
        if (ret == 0) {
                if (!inode->i_nlink)
                        set_nlink(inode, 1);
                else
                        inc_nlink(inode);
                ret = btrfs_update_inode(trans, root, BTRFS_I(inode));
        } else if (ret == -EEXIST) {
                ret = 0;
        }
        iput(inode);

        return ret;
}

/*
 * when replaying the log for a directory, we only insert names
 * for inodes that actually exist.  This means an fsync on a directory
 * does not implicitly fsync all the new files in it
 */
static noinline int insert_one_name(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                    struct btrfs_root *root,
                                    u64 dirid, u64 index,
                                    const struct fscrypt_str *name,
                                    struct btrfs_key *location)
{
        struct inode *inode;
        struct inode *dir;
        int ret;

        inode = read_one_inode(root, location->objectid);
        if (!inode)
                return -ENOENT;

        dir = read_one_inode(root, dirid);
        if (!dir) {
                iput(inode);
                return -EIO;
        }

        ret = btrfs_add_link(trans, BTRFS_I(dir), BTRFS_I(inode), name,
                             1, index);

        /* FIXME, put inode into FIXUP list */

        iput(inode);
        iput(dir);
        return ret;
}

static int delete_conflicting_dir_entry(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                        struct btrfs_inode *dir,
                                        struct btrfs_path *path,
                                        struct btrfs_dir_item *dst_di,
                                        const struct btrfs_key *log_key,
                                        u8 log_flags,
                                        bool exists)
{
        struct btrfs_key found_key;

        btrfs_dir_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], dst_di, &found_key);
        /* The existing dentry points to the same inode, don't delete it. */
        if (found_key.objectid == log_key->objectid &&
            found_key.type == log_key->type &&
            found_key.offset == log_key->offset &&
            btrfs_dir_flags(path->nodes[0], dst_di) == log_flags)
                return 1;

        /*
         * Don't drop the conflicting directory entry if the inode for the new
         * entry doesn't exist.
         */
        if (!exists)
                return 0;

        return drop_one_dir_item(trans, path, dir, dst_di);
}

/*
 * take a single entry in a log directory item and replay it into
 * the subvolume.
 *
 * if a conflicting item exists in the subdirectory already,
 * the inode it points to is unlinked and put into the link count
 * fix up tree.
 *
 * If a name from the log points to a file or directory that does
 * not exist in the FS, it is skipped.  fsyncs on directories
 * do not force down inodes inside that directory, just changes to the
 * names or unlinks in a directory.
 *
 * Returns < 0 on error, 0 if the name wasn't replayed (dentry points to a
 * non-existing inode) and 1 if the name was replayed.
 */
static noinline int replay_one_name(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                    struct btrfs_root *root,
                                    struct btrfs_path *path,
                                    struct extent_buffer *eb,
                                    struct btrfs_dir_item *di,
                                    struct btrfs_key *key)
{
        struct fscrypt_str name;
        struct btrfs_dir_item *dir_dst_di;
        struct btrfs_dir_item *index_dst_di;
        bool dir_dst_matches = false;
        bool index_dst_matches = false;
        struct btrfs_key log_key;
        struct btrfs_key search_key;
        struct inode *dir;
        u8 log_flags;
        bool exists;
        int ret;
        bool update_size = true;
        bool name_added = false;

        dir = read_one_inode(root, key->objectid);
        if (!dir)
                return -EIO;

        ret = read_alloc_one_name(eb, di + 1, btrfs_dir_name_len(eb, di), &name);
        if (ret)
                goto out;

        log_flags = btrfs_dir_flags(eb, di);
        btrfs_dir_item_key_to_cpu(eb, di, &log_key);
        ret = btrfs_lookup_inode(trans, root, path, &log_key, 0);
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;
        exists = (ret == 0);
        ret = 0;

        dir_dst_di = btrfs_lookup_dir_item(trans, root, path, key->objectid,
                                           &name, 1);
        if (IS_ERR(dir_dst_di)) {
                ret = PTR_ERR(dir_dst_di);
                goto out;
        } else if (dir_dst_di) {
                ret = delete_conflicting_dir_entry(trans, BTRFS_I(dir), path,
                                                   dir_dst_di, &log_key,
                                                   log_flags, exists);
                if (ret < 0)
                        goto out;
                dir_dst_matches = (ret == 1);
        }

        btrfs_release_path(path);

        index_dst_di = btrfs_lookup_dir_index_item(trans, root, path,
                                                   key->objectid, key->offset,
                                                   &name, 1);
        if (IS_ERR(index_dst_di)) {
                ret = PTR_ERR(index_dst_di);
                goto out;
        } else if (index_dst_di) {
                ret = delete_conflicting_dir_entry(trans, BTRFS_I(dir), path,
                                                   index_dst_di, &log_key,
                                                   log_flags, exists);
                if (ret < 0)
                        goto out;
                index_dst_matches = (ret == 1);
        }

        btrfs_release_path(path);

        if (dir_dst_matches && index_dst_matches) {
                ret = 0;
                update_size = false;
                goto out;
        }

        /*
         * Check if the inode reference exists in the log for the given name,
         * inode and parent inode
         */
        search_key.objectid = log_key.objectid;
        search_key.type = BTRFS_INODE_REF_KEY;
        search_key.offset = key->objectid;
        ret = backref_in_log(root->log_root, &search_key, 0, &name);
        if (ret < 0) {
                goto out;
        } else if (ret) {
                /* The dentry will be added later. */
                ret = 0;
                update_size = false;
                goto out;
        }

        search_key.objectid = log_key.objectid;
        search_key.type = BTRFS_INODE_EXTREF_KEY;
        search_key.offset = key->objectid;
        ret = backref_in_log(root->log_root, &search_key, key->objectid, &name);
        if (ret < 0) {
                goto out;
        } else if (ret) {
                /* The dentry will be added later. */
                ret = 0;
                update_size = false;
                goto out;
        }
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        ret = insert_one_name(trans, root, key->objectid, key->offset,
                              &name, &log_key);
        if (ret && ret != -ENOENT && ret != -EEXIST)
                goto out;
        if (!ret)
                name_added = true;
        update_size = false;
        ret = 0;

out:
        if (!ret && update_size) {
                btrfs_i_size_write(BTRFS_I(dir), dir->i_size + name.len * 2);
                ret = btrfs_update_inode(trans, root, BTRFS_I(dir));
        }
        kfree(name.name);
        iput(dir);
        if (!ret && name_added)
                ret = 1;
        return ret;
}

/* Replay one dir item from a BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY key. */
static noinline int replay_one_dir_item(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                        struct btrfs_root *root,
                                        struct btrfs_path *path,
                                        struct extent_buffer *eb, int slot,
                                        struct btrfs_key *key)
{
        int ret;
        struct btrfs_dir_item *di;

        /* We only log dir index keys, which only contain a single dir item. */
        ASSERT(key->type == BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY);

        di = btrfs_item_ptr(eb, slot, struct btrfs_dir_item);
        ret = replay_one_name(trans, root, path, eb, di, key);
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;

        /*
         * If this entry refers to a non-directory (directories can not have a
         * link count > 1) and it was added in the transaction that was not
         * committed, make sure we fixup the link count of the inode the entry
         * points to. Otherwise something like the following would result in a
         * directory pointing to an inode with a wrong link that does not account
         * for this dir entry:
         *
         * mkdir testdir
         * touch testdir/foo
         * touch testdir/bar
         * sync
         *
         * ln testdir/bar testdir/bar_link
         * ln testdir/foo testdir/foo_link
         * xfs_io -c "fsync" testdir/bar
         *
         * <power failure>
         *
         * mount fs, log replay happens
         *
         * File foo would remain with a link count of 1 when it has two entries
         * pointing to it in the directory testdir. This would make it impossible
         * to ever delete the parent directory has it would result in stale
         * dentries that can never be deleted.
         */
        if (ret == 1 && btrfs_dir_ftype(eb, di) != BTRFS_FT_DIR) {
                struct btrfs_path *fixup_path;
                struct btrfs_key di_key;

                fixup_path = btrfs_alloc_path();
                if (!fixup_path)
                        return -ENOMEM;

                btrfs_dir_item_key_to_cpu(eb, di, &di_key);
                ret = link_to_fixup_dir(trans, root, fixup_path, di_key.objectid);
                btrfs_free_path(fixup_path);
        }

        return ret;
}

/*
 * directory replay has two parts.  There are the standard directory
 * items in the log copied from the subvolume, and range items
 * created in the log while the subvolume was logged.
 *
 * The range items tell us which parts of the key space the log
 * is authoritative for.  During replay, if a key in the subvolume
 * directory is in a logged range item, but not actually in the log
 * that means it was deleted from the directory before the fsync
 * and should be removed.
 */
static noinline int find_dir_range(struct btrfs_root *root,
                                   struct btrfs_path *path,
                                   u64 dirid,
                                   u64 *start_ret, u64 *end_ret)
{
        struct btrfs_key key;
        u64 found_end;
        struct btrfs_dir_log_item *item;
        int ret;
        int nritems;

        if (*start_ret == (u64)-1)
                return 1;

        key.objectid = dirid;
        key.type = BTRFS_DIR_LOG_INDEX_KEY;
        key.offset = *start_ret;

        ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, &key, path, 0, 0);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;
        if (ret > 0) {
                if (path->slots[0] == 0)
                        goto out;
                path->slots[0]--;
        }
        if (ret != 0)
                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], &key, path->slots[0]);

        if (key.type != BTRFS_DIR_LOG_INDEX_KEY || key.objectid != dirid) {
                ret = 1;
                goto next;
        }
        item = btrfs_item_ptr(path->nodes[0], path->slots[0],
                              struct btrfs_dir_log_item);
        found_end = btrfs_dir_log_end(path->nodes[0], item);

        if (*start_ret >= key.offset && *start_ret <= found_end) {
                ret = 0;
                *start_ret = key.offset;
                *end_ret = found_end;
                goto out;
        }
        ret = 1;
next:
        /* check the next slot in the tree to see if it is a valid item */
        nritems = btrfs_header_nritems(path->nodes[0]);
        path->slots[0]++;
        if (path->slots[0] >= nritems) {
                ret = btrfs_next_leaf(root, path);
                if (ret)
                        goto out;
        }

        btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], &key, path->slots[0]);

        if (key.type != BTRFS_DIR_LOG_INDEX_KEY || key.objectid != dirid) {
                ret = 1;
                goto out;
        }
        item = btrfs_item_ptr(path->nodes[0], path->slots[0],
                              struct btrfs_dir_log_item);
        found_end = btrfs_dir_log_end(path->nodes[0], item);
        *start_ret = key.offset;
        *end_ret = found_end;
        ret = 0;
out:
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * this looks for a given directory item in the log.  If the directory
 * item is not in the log, the item is removed and the inode it points
 * to is unlinked
 */
static noinline int check_item_in_log(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                      struct btrfs_root *log,
                                      struct btrfs_path *path,
                                      struct btrfs_path *log_path,
                                      struct inode *dir,
                                      struct btrfs_key *dir_key)
{
        struct btrfs_root *root = BTRFS_I(dir)->root;
        int ret;
        struct extent_buffer *eb;
        int slot;
        struct btrfs_dir_item *di;
        struct fscrypt_str name;
        struct inode *inode = NULL;
        struct btrfs_key location;

        /*
         * Currently we only log dir index keys. Even if we replay a log created
         * by an older kernel that logged both dir index and dir item keys, all
         * we need to do is process the dir index keys, we (and our caller) can
         * safely ignore dir item keys (key type BTRFS_DIR_ITEM_KEY).
         */
        ASSERT(dir_key->type == BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY);

        eb = path->nodes[0];
        slot = path->slots[0];
        di = btrfs_item_ptr(eb, slot, struct btrfs_dir_item);
        ret = read_alloc_one_name(eb, di + 1, btrfs_dir_name_len(eb, di), &name);
        if (ret)
                goto out;

        if (log) {
                struct btrfs_dir_item *log_di;

                log_di = btrfs_lookup_dir_index_item(trans, log, log_path,
                                                     dir_key->objectid,
                                                     dir_key->offset, &name, 0);
                if (IS_ERR(log_di)) {
                        ret = PTR_ERR(log_di);
                        goto out;
                } else if (log_di) {
                        /* The dentry exists in the log, we have nothing to do. */
                        ret = 0;
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        btrfs_dir_item_key_to_cpu(eb, di, &location);
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        btrfs_release_path(log_path);
        inode = read_one_inode(root, location.objectid);
        if (!inode) {
                ret = -EIO;
                goto out;
        }

        ret = link_to_fixup_dir(trans, root, path, location.objectid);
        if (ret)
                goto out;

        inc_nlink(inode);
        ret = unlink_inode_for_log_replay(trans, BTRFS_I(dir), BTRFS_I(inode),
                                          &name);
        /*
         * Unlike dir item keys, dir index keys can only have one name (entry) in
         * them, as there are no key collisions since each key has a unique offset
         * (an index number), so we're done.
         */
out:
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        btrfs_release_path(log_path);
        kfree(name.name);
        iput(inode);
        return ret;
}

static int replay_xattr_deletes(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                              struct btrfs_root *root,
                              struct btrfs_root *log,
                              struct btrfs_path *path,
                              const u64 ino)
{
        struct btrfs_key search_key;
        struct btrfs_path *log_path;
        int i;
        int nritems;
        int ret;

        log_path = btrfs_alloc_path();
        if (!log_path)
                return -ENOMEM;

        search_key.objectid = ino;
        search_key.type = BTRFS_XATTR_ITEM_KEY;
        search_key.offset = 0;
again:
        ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, &search_key, path, 0, 0);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;
process_leaf:
        nritems = btrfs_header_nritems(path->nodes[0]);
        for (i = path->slots[0]; i < nritems; i++) {
                struct btrfs_key key;
                struct btrfs_dir_item *di;
                struct btrfs_dir_item *log_di;
                u32 total_size;
                u32 cur;

                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], &key, i);
                if (key.objectid != ino || key.type != BTRFS_XATTR_ITEM_KEY) {
                        ret = 0;
                        goto out;
                }

                di = btrfs_item_ptr(path->nodes[0], i, struct btrfs_dir_item);
                total_size = btrfs_item_size(path->nodes[0], i);
                cur = 0;
                while (cur < total_size) {
                        u16 name_len = btrfs_dir_name_len(path->nodes[0], di);
                        u16 data_len = btrfs_dir_data_len(path->nodes[0], di);
                        u32 this_len = sizeof(*di) + name_len + data_len;
                        char *name;

                        name = kmalloc(name_len, GFP_NOFS);
                        if (!name) {
                                ret = -ENOMEM;
                                goto out;
                        }
                        read_extent_buffer(path->nodes[0], name,
                                           (unsigned long)(di + 1), name_len);

                        log_di = btrfs_lookup_xattr(NULL, log, log_path, ino,
                                                    name, name_len, 0);
                        btrfs_release_path(log_path);
                        if (!log_di) {
                                /* Doesn't exist in log tree, so delete it. */
                                btrfs_release_path(path);
                                di = btrfs_lookup_xattr(trans, root, path, ino,
                                                        name, name_len, -1);
                                kfree(name);
                                if (IS_ERR(di)) {
                                        ret = PTR_ERR(di);
                                        goto out;
                                }
                                ASSERT(di);
                                ret = btrfs_delete_one_dir_name(trans, root,
                                                                path, di);
                                if (ret)
                                        goto out;
                                btrfs_release_path(path);
                                search_key = key;
                                goto again;
                        }
                        kfree(name);
                        if (IS_ERR(log_di)) {
                                ret = PTR_ERR(log_di);
                                goto out;
                        }
                        cur += this_len;
                        di = (struct btrfs_dir_item *)((char *)di + this_len);
                }
        }
        ret = btrfs_next_leaf(root, path);
        if (ret > 0)
                ret = 0;
        else if (ret == 0)
                goto process_leaf;
out:
        btrfs_free_path(log_path);
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        return ret;
}


/*
 * deletion replay happens before we copy any new directory items
 * out of the log or out of backreferences from inodes.  It
 * scans the log to find ranges of keys that log is authoritative for,
 * and then scans the directory to find items in those ranges that are
 * not present in the log.
 *
 * Anything we don't find in the log is unlinked and removed from the
 * directory.
 */
static noinline int replay_dir_deletes(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                       struct btrfs_root *root,
                                       struct btrfs_root *log,
                                       struct btrfs_path *path,
                                       u64 dirid, int del_all)
{
        u64 range_start;
        u64 range_end;
        int ret = 0;
        struct btrfs_key dir_key;
        struct btrfs_key found_key;
        struct btrfs_path *log_path;
        struct inode *dir;

        dir_key.objectid = dirid;
        dir_key.type = BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY;
        log_path = btrfs_alloc_path();
        if (!log_path)
                return -ENOMEM;

        dir = read_one_inode(root, dirid);
        /* it isn't an error if the inode isn't there, that can happen
         * because we replay the deletes before we copy in the inode item
         * from the log
         */
        if (!dir) {
                btrfs_free_path(log_path);
                return 0;
        }

        range_start = 0;
        range_end = 0;
        while (1) {
                if (del_all)
                        range_end = (u64)-1;
                else {
                        ret = find_dir_range(log, path, dirid,
                                             &range_start, &range_end);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                goto out;
                        else if (ret > 0)
                                break;
                }

                dir_key.offset = range_start;
                while (1) {
                        int nritems;
                        ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, &dir_key, path,
                                                0, 0);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                goto out;

                        nritems = btrfs_header_nritems(path->nodes[0]);
                        if (path->slots[0] >= nritems) {
                                ret = btrfs_next_leaf(root, path);
                                if (ret == 1)
                                        break;
                                else if (ret < 0)
                                        goto out;
                        }
                        btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], &found_key,
                                              path->slots[0]);
                        if (found_key.objectid != dirid ||
                            found_key.type != dir_key.type) {
                                ret = 0;
                                goto out;
                        }

                        if (found_key.offset > range_end)
                                break;

                        ret = check_item_in_log(trans, log, path,
                                                log_path, dir,
                                                &found_key);
                        if (ret)
                                goto out;
                        if (found_key.offset == (u64)-1)
                                break;
                        dir_key.offset = found_key.offset + 1;
                }
                btrfs_release_path(path);
                if (range_end == (u64)-1)
                        break;
                range_start = range_end + 1;
        }
        ret = 0;
out:
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        btrfs_free_path(log_path);
        iput(dir);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * the process_func used to replay items from the log tree.  This
 * gets called in two different stages.  The first stage just looks
 * for inodes and makes sure they are all copied into the subvolume.
 *
 * The second stage copies all the other item types from the log into
 * the subvolume.  The two stage approach is slower, but gets rid of
 * lots of complexity around inodes referencing other inodes that exist
 * only in the log (references come from either directory items or inode
 * back refs).
 */
static int replay_one_buffer(struct btrfs_root *log, struct extent_buffer *eb,
                             struct walk_control *wc, u64 gen, int level)
{
        int nritems;
        struct btrfs_tree_parent_check check = {
                .transid = gen,
                .level = level
        };
        struct btrfs_path *path;
        struct btrfs_root *root = wc->replay_dest;
        struct btrfs_key key;
        int i;
        int ret;

        ret = btrfs_read_extent_buffer(eb, &check);
        if (ret)
                return ret;

        level = btrfs_header_level(eb);

        if (level != 0)
                return 0;

        path = btrfs_alloc_path();
        if (!path)
                return -ENOMEM;

        nritems = btrfs_header_nritems(eb);
        for (i = 0; i < nritems; i++) {
                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(eb, &key, i);

                /* inode keys are done during the first stage */
                if (key.type == BTRFS_INODE_ITEM_KEY &&
                    wc->stage == LOG_WALK_REPLAY_INODES) {
                        struct btrfs_inode_item *inode_item;
                        u32 mode;

                        inode_item = btrfs_item_ptr(eb, i,
                                            struct btrfs_inode_item);
                        /*
                         * If we have a tmpfile (O_TMPFILE) that got fsync'ed
                         * and never got linked before the fsync, skip it, as
                         * replaying it is pointless since it would be deleted
                         * later. We skip logging tmpfiles, but it's always
                         * possible we are replaying a log created with a kernel
                         * that used to log tmpfiles.
                         */
                        if (btrfs_inode_nlink(eb, inode_item) == 0) {
                                wc->ignore_cur_inode = true;
                                continue;
                        } else {
                                wc->ignore_cur_inode = false;
                        }
                        ret = replay_xattr_deletes(wc->trans, root, log,
                                                   path, key.objectid);
                        if (ret)
                                break;
                        mode = btrfs_inode_mode(eb, inode_item);
                        if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
                                ret = replay_dir_deletes(wc->trans,
                                         root, log, path, key.objectid, 0);
                                if (ret)
                                        break;
                        }
                        ret = overwrite_item(wc->trans, root, path,
                                             eb, i, &key);
                        if (ret)
                                break;

                        /*
                         * Before replaying extents, truncate the inode to its
                         * size. We need to do it now and not after log replay
                         * because before an fsync we can have prealloc extents
                         * added beyond the inode's i_size. If we did it after,
                         * through orphan cleanup for example, we would drop
                         * those prealloc extents just after replaying them.
                         */
                        if (S_ISREG(mode)) {
                                struct btrfs_drop_extents_args drop_args = { 0 };
                                struct inode *inode;
                                u64 from;

                                inode = read_one_inode(root, key.objectid);
                                if (!inode) {
                                        ret = -EIO;
                                        break;
                                }
                                from = ALIGN(i_size_read(inode),
                                             root->fs_info->sectorsize);
                                drop_args.start = from;
                                drop_args.end = (u64)-1;
                                drop_args.drop_cache = true;
                                ret = btrfs_drop_extents(wc->trans, root,
                                                         BTRFS_I(inode),
                                                         &drop_args);
                                if (!ret) {
                                        inode_sub_bytes(inode,
                                                        drop_args.bytes_found);
                                        /* Update the inode's nbytes. */
                                        ret = btrfs_update_inode(wc->trans,
                                                        root, BTRFS_I(inode));
                                }
                                iput(inode);
                                if (ret)
                                        break;
                        }

                        ret = link_to_fixup_dir(wc->trans, root,
                                                path, key.objectid);
                        if (ret)
                                break;
                }

                if (wc->ignore_cur_inode)
                        continue;

                if (key.type == BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY &&
                    wc->stage == LOG_WALK_REPLAY_DIR_INDEX) {
                        ret = replay_one_dir_item(wc->trans, root, path,
                                                  eb, i, &key);
                        if (ret)
                                break;
                }

                if (wc->stage < LOG_WALK_REPLAY_ALL)
                        continue;

                /* these keys are simply copied */
                if (key.type == BTRFS_XATTR_ITEM_KEY) {
                        ret = overwrite_item(wc->trans, root, path,
                                             eb, i, &key);
                        if (ret)
                                break;
                } else if (key.type == BTRFS_INODE_REF_KEY ||
                           key.type == BTRFS_INODE_EXTREF_KEY) {
                        ret = add_inode_ref(wc->trans, root, log, path,
                                            eb, i, &key);
                        if (ret && ret != -ENOENT)
                                break;
                        ret = 0;
                } else if (key.type == BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY) {
                        ret = replay_one_extent(wc->trans, root, path,
                                                eb, i, &key);
                        if (ret)
                                break;
                }
                /*
                 * We don't log BTRFS_DIR_ITEM_KEY keys anymore, only the
                 * BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY items which we use to derive the
                 * BTRFS_DIR_ITEM_KEY items. If we are replaying a log from an
                 * older kernel with such keys, ignore them.
                 */
        }
        btrfs_free_path(path);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Correctly adjust the reserved bytes occupied by a log tree extent buffer
 */
static void unaccount_log_buffer(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 start)
{
        struct btrfs_block_group *cache;

        cache = btrfs_lookup_block_group(fs_info, start);
        if (!cache) {
                btrfs_err(fs_info, "unable to find block group for %llu", start);
                return;
        }

        spin_lock(&cache->space_info->lock);
        spin_lock(&cache->lock);
        cache->reserved -= fs_info->nodesize;
        cache->space_info->bytes_reserved -= fs_info->nodesize;
        spin_unlock(&cache->lock);
        spin_unlock(&cache->space_info->lock);

        btrfs_put_block_group(cache);
}

static int clean_log_buffer(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                            struct extent_buffer *eb)
{
        int ret;

        btrfs_tree_lock(eb);
        btrfs_clear_buffer_dirty(trans, eb);
        wait_on_extent_buffer_writeback(eb);
        btrfs_tree_unlock(eb);

        if (trans) {
                ret = btrfs_pin_reserved_extent(trans, eb->start, eb->len);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
                btrfs_redirty_list_add(trans->transaction, eb);
        } else {
                unaccount_log_buffer(eb->fs_info, eb->start);
        }

        return 0;
}

static noinline int walk_down_log_tree(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                   struct btrfs_root *root,
                                   struct btrfs_path *path, int *level,
                                   struct walk_control *wc)
{
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
        u64 bytenr;
        u64 ptr_gen;
        struct extent_buffer *next;
        struct extent_buffer *cur;
        int ret = 0;

        while (*level > 0) {
                struct btrfs_tree_parent_check check = { 0 };

                cur = path->nodes[*level];

                WARN_ON(btrfs_header_level(cur) != *level);

                if (path->slots[*level] >=
                    btrfs_header_nritems(cur))
                        break;

                bytenr = btrfs_node_blockptr(cur, path->slots[*level]);
                ptr_gen = btrfs_node_ptr_generation(cur, path->slots[*level]);
                check.transid = ptr_gen;
                check.level = *level - 1;
                check.has_first_key = true;
                btrfs_node_key_to_cpu(cur, &check.first_key, path->slots[*level]);

                next = btrfs_find_create_tree_block(fs_info, bytenr,
                                                    btrfs_header_owner(cur),
                                                    *level - 1);
                if (IS_ERR(next))
                        return PTR_ERR(next);

                if (*level == 1) {
                        ret = wc->process_func(root, next, wc, ptr_gen,
                                               *level - 1);
                        if (ret) {
                                free_extent_buffer(next);
                                return ret;
                        }

                        path->slots[*level]++;
                        if (wc->free) {
                                ret = btrfs_read_extent_buffer(next, &check);
                                if (ret) {
                                        free_extent_buffer(next);
                                        return ret;
                                }

                                ret = clean_log_buffer(trans, next);
                                if (ret) {
                                        free_extent_buffer(next);
                                        return ret;
                                }
                        }
                        free_extent_buffer(next);
                        continue;
                }
                ret = btrfs_read_extent_buffer(next, &check);
                if (ret) {
                        free_extent_buffer(next);
                        return ret;
                }

                if (path->nodes[*level-1])
                        free_extent_buffer(path->nodes[*level-1]);
                path->nodes[*level-1] = next;
                *level = btrfs_header_level(next);
                path->slots[*level] = 0;
                cond_resched();
        }
        path->slots[*level] = btrfs_header_nritems(path->nodes[*level]);

        cond_resched();
        return 0;
}

static noinline int walk_up_log_tree(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                 struct btrfs_root *root,
                                 struct btrfs_path *path, int *level,
                                 struct walk_control *wc)
{
        int i;
        int slot;
        int ret;

        for (i = *level; i < BTRFS_MAX_LEVEL - 1 && path->nodes[i]; i++) {
                slot = path->slots[i];
                if (slot + 1 < btrfs_header_nritems(path->nodes[i])) {
                        path->slots[i]++;
                        *level = i;
                        WARN_ON(*level == 0);
                        return 0;
                } else {
                        ret = wc->process_func(root, path->nodes[*level], wc,
                                 btrfs_header_generation(path->nodes[*level]),
                                 *level);
                        if (ret)
                                return ret;

                        if (wc->free) {
                                ret = clean_log_buffer(trans, path->nodes[*level]);
                                if (ret)
                                        return ret;
                        }
                        free_extent_buffer(path->nodes[*level]);
                        path->nodes[*level] = NULL;
                        *level = i + 1;
                }
        }
        return 1;
}

/*
 * drop the reference count on the tree rooted at 'snap'.  This traverses
 * the tree freeing any blocks that have a ref count of zero after being
 * decremented.
 */
static int walk_log_tree(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                         struct btrfs_root *log, struct walk_control *wc)
{
        int ret = 0;
        int wret;
        int level;
        struct btrfs_path *path;
        int orig_level;

        path = btrfs_alloc_path();
        if (!path)
                return -ENOMEM;

        level = btrfs_header_level(log->node);
        orig_level = level;
        path->nodes[level] = log->node;
        atomic_inc(&log->node->refs);
        path->slots[level] = 0;

        while (1) {
                wret = walk_down_log_tree(trans, log, path, &level, wc);
                if (wret > 0)
                        break;
                if (wret < 0) {
                        ret = wret;
                        goto out;
                }

                wret = walk_up_log_tree(trans, log, path, &level, wc);
                if (wret > 0)
                        break;
                if (wret < 0) {
                        ret = wret;
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        /* was the root node processed? if not, catch it here */
        if (path->nodes[orig_level]) {
                ret = wc->process_func(log, path->nodes[orig_level], wc,
                         btrfs_header_generation(path->nodes[orig_level]),
                         orig_level);
                if (ret)
                        goto out;
                if (wc->free)
                        ret = clean_log_buffer(trans, path->nodes[orig_level]);
        }

out:
        btrfs_free_path(path);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * helper function to update the item for a given subvolumes log root
 * in the tree of log roots
 */
static int update_log_root(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                           struct btrfs_root *log,
                           struct btrfs_root_item *root_item)
{
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = log->fs_info;
        int ret;

        if (log->log_transid == 1) {
                /* insert root item on the first sync */
                ret = btrfs_insert_root(trans, fs_info->log_root_tree,
                                &log->root_key, root_item);
        } else {
                ret = btrfs_update_root(trans, fs_info->log_root_tree,
                                &log->root_key, root_item);
        }
        return ret;
}

static void wait_log_commit(struct btrfs_root *root, int transid)
{
        DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
        int index = transid % 2;

        /*
         * we only allow two pending log transactions at a time,
         * so we know that if ours is more than 2 older than the
         * current transaction, we're done
         */
        for (;;) {
                prepare_to_wait(&root->log_commit_wait[index],
                                &wait, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);

                if (!(root->log_transid_committed < transid &&
                      atomic_read(&root->log_commit[index])))
                        break;

                mutex_unlock(&root->log_mutex);
                schedule();
                mutex_lock(&root->log_mutex);
        }
        finish_wait(&root->log_commit_wait[index], &wait);
}

static void wait_for_writer(struct btrfs_root *root)
{
        DEFINE_WAIT(wait);

        for (;;) {
                prepare_to_wait(&root->log_writer_wait, &wait,
                                TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
                if (!atomic_read(&root->log_writers))
                        break;

                mutex_unlock(&root->log_mutex);
                schedule();
                mutex_lock(&root->log_mutex);
        }
        finish_wait(&root->log_writer_wait, &wait);
}

static inline void btrfs_remove_log_ctx(struct btrfs_root *root,
                                        struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        mutex_lock(&root->log_mutex);
        list_del_init(&ctx->list);
        mutex_unlock(&root->log_mutex);
}

/* 
 * Invoked in log mutex context, or be sure there is no other task which
 * can access the list.
 */
static inline void btrfs_remove_all_log_ctxs(struct btrfs_root *root,
                                             int index, int error)
{
        struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx;
        struct btrfs_log_ctx *safe;

        list_for_each_entry_safe(ctx, safe, &root->log_ctxs[index], list) {
                list_del_init(&ctx->list);
                ctx->log_ret = error;
        }
}

/*
 * btrfs_sync_log does sends a given tree log down to the disk and
 * updates the super blocks to record it.  When this call is done,
 * you know that any inodes previously logged are safely on disk only
 * if it returns 0.
 *
 * Any other return value means you need to call btrfs_commit_transaction.
 * Some of the edge cases for fsyncing directories that have had unlinks
 * or renames done in the past mean that sometimes the only safe
 * fsync is to commit the whole FS.  When btrfs_sync_log returns -EAGAIN,
 * that has happened.
 */
int btrfs_sync_log(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                   struct btrfs_root *root, struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        int index1;
        int index2;
        int mark;
        int ret;
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
        struct btrfs_root *log = root->log_root;
        struct btrfs_root *log_root_tree = fs_info->log_root_tree;
        struct btrfs_root_item new_root_item;
        int log_transid = 0;
        struct btrfs_log_ctx root_log_ctx;
        struct blk_plug plug;
        u64 log_root_start;
        u64 log_root_level;

        mutex_lock(&root->log_mutex);
        log_transid = ctx->log_transid;
        if (root->log_transid_committed >= log_transid) {
                mutex_unlock(&root->log_mutex);
                return ctx->log_ret;
        }

        index1 = log_transid % 2;
        if (atomic_read(&root->log_commit[index1])) {
                wait_log_commit(root, log_transid);
                mutex_unlock(&root->log_mutex);
                return ctx->log_ret;
        }
        ASSERT(log_transid == root->log_transid);
        atomic_set(&root->log_commit[index1], 1);

        /* wait for previous tree log sync to complete */
        if (atomic_read(&root->log_commit[(index1 + 1) % 2]))
                wait_log_commit(root, log_transid - 1);

        while (1) {
                int batch = atomic_read(&root->log_batch);
                /* when we're on an ssd, just kick the log commit out */
                if (!btrfs_test_opt(fs_info, SSD) &&
                    test_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_MULTI_LOG_TASKS, &root->state)) {
                        mutex_unlock(&root->log_mutex);
                        schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
                        mutex_lock(&root->log_mutex);
                }
                wait_for_writer(root);
                if (batch == atomic_read(&root->log_batch))
                        break;
        }

        /* bail out if we need to do a full commit */
        if (btrfs_need_log_full_commit(trans)) {
                ret = BTRFS_LOG_FORCE_COMMIT;
                mutex_unlock(&root->log_mutex);
                goto out;
        }

        if (log_transid % 2 == 0)
                mark = EXTENT_DIRTY;
        else
                mark = EXTENT_NEW;

        /* we start IO on  all the marked extents here, but we don't actually
         * wait for them until later.
         */
        blk_start_plug(&plug);
        ret = btrfs_write_marked_extents(fs_info, &log->dirty_log_pages, mark);
        /*
         * -EAGAIN happens when someone, e.g., a concurrent transaction
         *  commit, writes a dirty extent in this tree-log commit. This
         *  concurrent write will create a hole writing out the extents,
         *  and we cannot proceed on a zoned filesystem, requiring
         *  sequential writing. While we can bail out to a full commit
         *  here, but we can continue hoping the concurrent writing fills
         *  the hole.
         */
        if (ret == -EAGAIN && btrfs_is_zoned(fs_info))
                ret = 0;
        if (ret) {
                blk_finish_plug(&plug);
                btrfs_set_log_full_commit(trans);
                mutex_unlock(&root->log_mutex);
                goto out;
        }

        /*
         * We _must_ update under the root->log_mutex in order to make sure we
         * have a consistent view of the log root we are trying to commit at
         * this moment.
         *
         * We _must_ copy this into a local copy, because we are not holding the
         * log_root_tree->log_mutex yet.  This is important because when we
         * commit the log_root_tree we must have a consistent view of the
         * log_root_tree when we update the super block to point at the
         * log_root_tree bytenr.  If we update the log_root_tree here we'll race
         * with the commit and possibly point at the new block which we may not
         * have written out.
         */
        btrfs_set_root_node(&log->root_item, log->node);
        memcpy(&new_root_item, &log->root_item, sizeof(new_root_item));

        root->log_transid++;
        log->log_transid = root->log_transid;
        root->log_start_pid = 0;
        /*
         * IO has been started, blocks of the log tree have WRITTEN flag set
         * in their headers. new modifications of the log will be written to
         * new positions. so it's safe to allow log writers to go in.
         */
        mutex_unlock(&root->log_mutex);

        if (btrfs_is_zoned(fs_info)) {
                mutex_lock(&fs_info->tree_root->log_mutex);
                if (!log_root_tree->node) {
                        ret = btrfs_alloc_log_tree_node(trans, log_root_tree);
                        if (ret) {
                                mutex_unlock(&fs_info->tree_root->log_mutex);
                                blk_finish_plug(&plug);
                                goto out;
                        }
                }
                mutex_unlock(&fs_info->tree_root->log_mutex);
        }

        btrfs_init_log_ctx(&root_log_ctx, NULL);

        mutex_lock(&log_root_tree->log_mutex);

        index2 = log_root_tree->log_transid % 2;
        list_add_tail(&root_log_ctx.list, &log_root_tree->log_ctxs[index2]);
        root_log_ctx.log_transid = log_root_tree->log_transid;

        /*
         * Now we are safe to update the log_root_tree because we're under the
         * log_mutex, and we're a current writer so we're holding the commit
         * open until we drop the log_mutex.
         */
        ret = update_log_root(trans, log, &new_root_item);
        if (ret) {
                if (!list_empty(&root_log_ctx.list))
                        list_del_init(&root_log_ctx.list);

                blk_finish_plug(&plug);
                btrfs_set_log_full_commit(trans);
                if (ret != -ENOSPC)
                        btrfs_err(fs_info,
                                  "failed to update log for root %llu ret %d",
                                  root->root_key.objectid, ret);
                btrfs_wait_tree_log_extents(log, mark);
                mutex_unlock(&log_root_tree->log_mutex);
                goto out;
        }

        if (log_root_tree->log_transid_committed >= root_log_ctx.log_transid) {
                blk_finish_plug(&plug);
                list_del_init(&root_log_ctx.list);
                mutex_unlock(&log_root_tree->log_mutex);
                ret = root_log_ctx.log_ret;
                goto out;
        }

        index2 = root_log_ctx.log_transid % 2;
        if (atomic_read(&log_root_tree->log_commit[index2])) {
                blk_finish_plug(&plug);
                ret = btrfs_wait_tree_log_extents(log, mark);
                wait_log_commit(log_root_tree,
                                root_log_ctx.log_transid);
                mutex_unlock(&log_root_tree->log_mutex);
                if (!ret)
                        ret = root_log_ctx.log_ret;
                goto out;
        }
        ASSERT(root_log_ctx.log_transid == log_root_tree->log_transid);
        atomic_set(&log_root_tree->log_commit[index2], 1);

        if (atomic_read(&log_root_tree->log_commit[(index2 + 1) % 2])) {
                wait_log_commit(log_root_tree,
                                root_log_ctx.log_transid - 1);
        }

        /*
         * now that we've moved on to the tree of log tree roots,
         * check the full commit flag again
         */
        if (btrfs_need_log_full_commit(trans)) {
                blk_finish_plug(&plug);
                btrfs_wait_tree_log_extents(log, mark);
                mutex_unlock(&log_root_tree->log_mutex);
                ret = BTRFS_LOG_FORCE_COMMIT;
                goto out_wake_log_root;
        }

        ret = btrfs_write_marked_extents(fs_info,
                                         &log_root_tree->dirty_log_pages,
                                         EXTENT_DIRTY | EXTENT_NEW);
        blk_finish_plug(&plug);
        /*
         * As described above, -EAGAIN indicates a hole in the extents. We
         * cannot wait for these write outs since the waiting cause a
         * deadlock. Bail out to the full commit instead.
         */
        if (ret == -EAGAIN && btrfs_is_zoned(fs_info)) {
                btrfs_set_log_full_commit(trans);
                btrfs_wait_tree_log_extents(log, mark);
                mutex_unlock(&log_root_tree->log_mutex);
                goto out_wake_log_root;
        } else if (ret) {
                btrfs_set_log_full_commit(trans);
                mutex_unlock(&log_root_tree->log_mutex);
                goto out_wake_log_root;
        }
        ret = btrfs_wait_tree_log_extents(log, mark);
        if (!ret)
                ret = btrfs_wait_tree_log_extents(log_root_tree,
                                                  EXTENT_NEW | EXTENT_DIRTY);
        if (ret) {
                btrfs_set_log_full_commit(trans);
                mutex_unlock(&log_root_tree->log_mutex);
                goto out_wake_log_root;
        }

        log_root_start = log_root_tree->node->start;
        log_root_level = btrfs_header_level(log_root_tree->node);
        log_root_tree->log_transid++;
        mutex_unlock(&log_root_tree->log_mutex);

        /*
         * Here we are guaranteed that nobody is going to write the superblock
         * for the current transaction before us and that neither we do write
         * our superblock before the previous transaction finishes its commit
         * and writes its superblock, because:
         *
         * 1) We are holding a handle on the current transaction, so no body
         *    can commit it until we release the handle;
         *
         * 2) Before writing our superblock we acquire the tree_log_mutex, so
         *    if the previous transaction is still committing, and hasn't yet
         *    written its superblock, we wait for it to do it, because a
         *    transaction commit acquires the tree_log_mutex when the commit
         *    begins and releases it only after writing its superblock.
         */
        mutex_lock(&fs_info->tree_log_mutex);

        /*
         * The previous transaction writeout phase could have failed, and thus
         * marked the fs in an error state.  We must not commit here, as we
         * could have updated our generation in the super_for_commit and
         * writing the super here would result in transid mismatches.  If there
         * is an error here just bail.
         */
        if (BTRFS_FS_ERROR(fs_info)) {
                ret = -EIO;
                btrfs_set_log_full_commit(trans);
                btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
                mutex_unlock(&fs_info->tree_log_mutex);
                goto out_wake_log_root;
        }

        btrfs_set_super_log_root(fs_info->super_for_commit, log_root_start);
        btrfs_set_super_log_root_level(fs_info->super_for_commit, log_root_level);
        ret = write_all_supers(fs_info, 1);
        mutex_unlock(&fs_info->tree_log_mutex);
        if (ret) {
                btrfs_set_log_full_commit(trans);
                btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
                goto out_wake_log_root;
        }

        /*
         * We know there can only be one task here, since we have not yet set
         * root->log_commit[index1] to 0 and any task attempting to sync the
         * log must wait for the previous log transaction to commit if it's
         * still in progress or wait for the current log transaction commit if
         * someone else already started it. We use <= and not < because the
         * first log transaction has an ID of 0.
         */
        ASSERT(root->last_log_commit <= log_transid);
        root->last_log_commit = log_transid;

out_wake_log_root:
        mutex_lock(&log_root_tree->log_mutex);
        btrfs_remove_all_log_ctxs(log_root_tree, index2, ret);

        log_root_tree->log_transid_committed++;
        atomic_set(&log_root_tree->log_commit[index2], 0);
        mutex_unlock(&log_root_tree->log_mutex);

        /*
         * The barrier before waitqueue_active (in cond_wake_up) is needed so
         * all the updates above are seen by the woken threads. It might not be
         * necessary, but proving that seems to be hard.
         */
        cond_wake_up(&log_root_tree->log_commit_wait[index2]);
out:
        mutex_lock(&root->log_mutex);
        btrfs_remove_all_log_ctxs(root, index1, ret);
        root->log_transid_committed++;
        atomic_set(&root->log_commit[index1], 0);
        mutex_unlock(&root->log_mutex);

        /*
         * The barrier before waitqueue_active (in cond_wake_up) is needed so
         * all the updates above are seen by the woken threads. It might not be
         * necessary, but proving that seems to be hard.
         */
        cond_wake_up(&root->log_commit_wait[index1]);
        return ret;
}

static void free_log_tree(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                          struct btrfs_root *log)
{
        int ret;
        struct walk_control wc = {
                .free = 1,
                .process_func = process_one_buffer
        };

        if (log->node) {
                ret = walk_log_tree(trans, log, &wc);
                if (ret) {
                        /*
                         * We weren't able to traverse the entire log tree, the
                         * typical scenario is getting an -EIO when reading an
                         * extent buffer of the tree, due to a previous writeback
                         * failure of it.
                         */
                        set_bit(BTRFS_FS_STATE_LOG_CLEANUP_ERROR,
                                &log->fs_info->fs_state);

                        /*
                         * Some extent buffers of the log tree may still be dirty
                         * and not yet written back to storage, because we may
                         * have updates to a log tree without syncing a log tree,
                         * such as during rename and link operations. So flush
                         * them out and wait for their writeback to complete, so
                         * that we properly cleanup their state and pages.
                         */
                        btrfs_write_marked_extents(log->fs_info,
                                                   &log->dirty_log_pages,
                                                   EXTENT_DIRTY | EXTENT_NEW);
                        btrfs_wait_tree_log_extents(log,
                                                    EXTENT_DIRTY | EXTENT_NEW);

                        if (trans)
                                btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
                        else
                                btrfs_handle_fs_error(log->fs_info, ret, NULL);
                }
        }

        clear_extent_bits(&log->dirty_log_pages, 0, (u64)-1,
                          EXTENT_DIRTY | EXTENT_NEW | EXTENT_NEED_WAIT);
        extent_io_tree_release(&log->log_csum_range);

        btrfs_put_root(log);
}

/*
 * free all the extents used by the tree log.  This should be called
 * at commit time of the full transaction
 */
int btrfs_free_log(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, struct btrfs_root *root)
{
        if (root->log_root) {
                free_log_tree(trans, root->log_root);
                root->log_root = NULL;
                clear_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_HAS_LOG_TREE, &root->state);
        }
        return 0;
}

int btrfs_free_log_root_tree(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                             struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
{
        if (fs_info->log_root_tree) {
                free_log_tree(trans, fs_info->log_root_tree);
                fs_info->log_root_tree = NULL;
                clear_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_HAS_LOG_TREE, &fs_info->tree_root->state);
        }
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Check if an inode was logged in the current transaction. This correctly deals
 * with the case where the inode was logged but has a logged_trans of 0, which
 * happens if the inode is evicted and loaded again, as logged_trans is an in
 * memory only field (not persisted).
 *
 * Returns 1 if the inode was logged before in the transaction, 0 if it was not,
 * and < 0 on error.
 */
static int inode_logged(const struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                        struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                        struct btrfs_path *path_in)
{
        struct btrfs_path *path = path_in;
        struct btrfs_key key;
        int ret;

        if (inode->logged_trans == trans->transid)
                return 1;

        /*
         * If logged_trans is not 0, then we know the inode logged was not logged
         * in this transaction, so we can return false right away.
         */
        if (inode->logged_trans > 0)
                return 0;

        /*
         * If no log tree was created for this root in this transaction, then
         * the inode can not have been logged in this transaction. In that case
         * set logged_trans to anything greater than 0 and less than the current
         * transaction's ID, to avoid the search below in a future call in case
         * a log tree gets created after this.
         */
        if (!test_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_HAS_LOG_TREE, &inode->root->state)) {
                inode->logged_trans = trans->transid - 1;
                return 0;
        }

        /*
         * We have a log tree and the inode's logged_trans is 0. We can't tell
         * for sure if the inode was logged before in this transaction by looking
         * only at logged_trans. We could be pessimistic and assume it was, but
         * that can lead to unnecessarily logging an inode during rename and link
         * operations, and then further updating the log in followup rename and
         * link operations, specially if it's a directory, which adds latency
         * visible to applications doing a series of rename or link operations.
         *
         * A logged_trans of 0 here can mean several things:
         *
         * 1) The inode was never logged since the filesystem was mounted, and may
         *    or may have not been evicted and loaded again;
         *
         * 2) The inode was logged in a previous transaction, then evicted and
         *    then loaded again;
         *
         * 3) The inode was logged in the current transaction, then evicted and
         *    then loaded again.
         *
         * For cases 1) and 2) we don't want to return true, but we need to detect
         * case 3) and return true. So we do a search in the log root for the inode
         * item.
         */
        key.objectid = btrfs_ino(inode);
        key.type = BTRFS_INODE_ITEM_KEY;
        key.offset = 0;

        if (!path) {
                path = btrfs_alloc_path();
                if (!path)
                        return -ENOMEM;
        }

        ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, inode->root->log_root, &key, path, 0, 0);

        if (path_in)
                btrfs_release_path(path);
        else
                btrfs_free_path(path);

        /*
         * Logging an inode always results in logging its inode item. So if we
         * did not find the item we know the inode was not logged for sure.
         */
        if (ret < 0) {
                return ret;
        } else if (ret > 0) {
                /*
                 * Set logged_trans to a value greater than 0 and less then the
                 * current transaction to avoid doing the search in future calls.
                 */
                inode->logged_trans = trans->transid - 1;
                return 0;
        }

        /*
         * The inode was previously logged and then evicted, set logged_trans to
         * the current transacion's ID, to avoid future tree searches as long as
         * the inode is not evicted again.
         */
        inode->logged_trans = trans->transid;

        /*
         * If it's a directory, then we must set last_dir_index_offset to the
         * maximum possible value, so that the next attempt to log the inode does
         * not skip checking if dir index keys found in modified subvolume tree
         * leaves have been logged before, otherwise it would result in attempts
         * to insert duplicate dir index keys in the log tree. This must be done
         * because last_dir_index_offset is an in-memory only field, not persisted
         * in the inode item or any other on-disk structure, so its value is lost
         * once the inode is evicted.
         */
        if (S_ISDIR(inode->vfs_inode.i_mode))
                inode->last_dir_index_offset = (u64)-1;

        return 1;
}

/*
 * Delete a directory entry from the log if it exists.
 *
 * Returns < 0 on error
 *           1 if the entry does not exists
 *           0 if the entry existed and was successfully deleted
 */
static int del_logged_dentry(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                             struct btrfs_root *log,
                             struct btrfs_path *path,
                             u64 dir_ino,
                             const struct fscrypt_str *name,
                             u64 index)
{
        struct btrfs_dir_item *di;

        /*
         * We only log dir index items of a directory, so we don't need to look
         * for dir item keys.
         */
        di = btrfs_lookup_dir_index_item(trans, log, path, dir_ino,
                                         index, name, -1);
        if (IS_ERR(di))
                return PTR_ERR(di);
        else if (!di)
                return 1;

        /*
         * We do not need to update the size field of the directory's
         * inode item because on log replay we update the field to reflect
         * all existing entries in the directory (see overwrite_item()).
         */
        return btrfs_delete_one_dir_name(trans, log, path, di);
}

/*
 * If both a file and directory are logged, and unlinks or renames are
 * mixed in, we have a few interesting corners:
 *
 * create file X in dir Y
 * link file X to X.link in dir Y
 * fsync file X
 * unlink file X but leave X.link
 * fsync dir Y
 *
 * After a crash we would expect only X.link to exist.  But file X
 * didn't get fsync'd again so the log has back refs for X and X.link.
 *
 * We solve this by removing directory entries and inode backrefs from the
 * log when a file that was logged in the current transaction is
 * unlinked.  Any later fsync will include the updated log entries, and
 * we'll be able to reconstruct the proper directory items from backrefs.
 *
 * This optimizations allows us to avoid relogging the entire inode
 * or the entire directory.
 */
void btrfs_del_dir_entries_in_log(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                  struct btrfs_root *root,
                                  const struct fscrypt_str *name,
                                  struct btrfs_inode *dir, u64 index)
{
        struct btrfs_path *path;
        int ret;

        ret = inode_logged(trans, dir, NULL);
        if (ret == 0)
                return;
        else if (ret < 0) {
                btrfs_set_log_full_commit(trans);
                return;
        }

        ret = join_running_log_trans(root);
        if (ret)
                return;

        mutex_lock(&dir->log_mutex);

        path = btrfs_alloc_path();
        if (!path) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                goto out_unlock;
        }

        ret = del_logged_dentry(trans, root->log_root, path, btrfs_ino(dir),
                                name, index);
        btrfs_free_path(path);
out_unlock:
        mutex_unlock(&dir->log_mutex);
        if (ret < 0)
                btrfs_set_log_full_commit(trans);
        btrfs_end_log_trans(root);
}

/* see comments for btrfs_del_dir_entries_in_log */
void btrfs_del_inode_ref_in_log(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                struct btrfs_root *root,
                                const struct fscrypt_str *name,
                                struct btrfs_inode *inode, u64 dirid)
{
        struct btrfs_root *log;
        u64 index;
        int ret;

        ret = inode_logged(trans, inode, NULL);
        if (ret == 0)
                return;
        else if (ret < 0) {
                btrfs_set_log_full_commit(trans);
                return;
        }

        ret = join_running_log_trans(root);
        if (ret)
                return;
        log = root->log_root;
        mutex_lock(&inode->log_mutex);

        ret = btrfs_del_inode_ref(trans, log, name, btrfs_ino(inode),
                                  dirid, &index);
        mutex_unlock(&inode->log_mutex);
        if (ret < 0 && ret != -ENOENT)
                btrfs_set_log_full_commit(trans);
        btrfs_end_log_trans(root);
}

/*
 * creates a range item in the log for 'dirid'.  first_offset and
 * last_offset tell us which parts of the key space the log should
 * be considered authoritative for.
 */
static noinline int insert_dir_log_key(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                       struct btrfs_root *log,
                                       struct btrfs_path *path,
                                       u64 dirid,
                                       u64 first_offset, u64 last_offset)
{
        int ret;
        struct btrfs_key key;
        struct btrfs_dir_log_item *item;

        key.objectid = dirid;
        key.offset = first_offset;
        key.type = BTRFS_DIR_LOG_INDEX_KEY;
        ret = btrfs_insert_empty_item(trans, log, path, &key, sizeof(*item));
        /*
         * -EEXIST is fine and can happen sporadically when we are logging a
         * directory and have concurrent insertions in the subvolume's tree for
         * items from other inodes and that result in pushing off some dir items
         * from one leaf to another in order to accommodate for the new items.
         * This results in logging the same dir index range key.
         */
        if (ret && ret != -EEXIST)
                return ret;

        item = btrfs_item_ptr(path->nodes[0], path->slots[0],
                              struct btrfs_dir_log_item);
        if (ret == -EEXIST) {
                const u64 curr_end = btrfs_dir_log_end(path->nodes[0], item);

                /*
                 * btrfs_del_dir_entries_in_log() might have been called during
                 * an unlink between the initial insertion of this key and the
                 * current update, or we might be logging a single entry deletion
                 * during a rename, so set the new last_offset to the max value.
                 */
                last_offset = max(last_offset, curr_end);
        }
        btrfs_set_dir_log_end(path->nodes[0], item, last_offset);
        btrfs_mark_buffer_dirty(path->nodes[0]);
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        return 0;
}

static int flush_dir_items_batch(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                 struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                 struct extent_buffer *src,
                                 struct btrfs_path *dst_path,
                                 int start_slot,
                                 int count)
{
        struct btrfs_root *log = inode->root->log_root;
        char *ins_data = NULL;
        struct btrfs_item_batch batch;
        struct extent_buffer *dst;
        unsigned long src_offset;
        unsigned long dst_offset;
        u64 last_index;
        struct btrfs_key key;
        u32 item_size;
        int ret;
        int i;

        ASSERT(count > 0);
        batch.nr = count;

        if (count == 1) {
                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(src, &key, start_slot);
                item_size = btrfs_item_size(src, start_slot);
                batch.keys = &key;
                batch.data_sizes = &item_size;
                batch.total_data_size = item_size;
        } else {
                struct btrfs_key *ins_keys;
                u32 *ins_sizes;

                ins_data = kmalloc(count * sizeof(u32) +
                                   count * sizeof(struct btrfs_key), GFP_NOFS);
                if (!ins_data)
                        return -ENOMEM;

                ins_sizes = (u32 *)ins_data;
                ins_keys = (struct btrfs_key *)(ins_data + count * sizeof(u32));
                batch.keys = ins_keys;
                batch.data_sizes = ins_sizes;
                batch.total_data_size = 0;

                for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                        const int slot = start_slot + i;

                        btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(src, &ins_keys[i], slot);
                        ins_sizes[i] = btrfs_item_size(src, slot);
                        batch.total_data_size += ins_sizes[i];
                }
        }

        ret = btrfs_insert_empty_items(trans, log, dst_path, &batch);
        if (ret)
                goto out;

        dst = dst_path->nodes[0];
        /*
         * Copy all the items in bulk, in a single copy operation. Item data is
         * organized such that it's placed at the end of a leaf and from right
         * to left. For example, the data for the second item ends at an offset
         * that matches the offset where the data for the first item starts, the
         * data for the third item ends at an offset that matches the offset
         * where the data of the second items starts, and so on.
         * Therefore our source and destination start offsets for copy match the
         * offsets of the last items (highest slots).
         */
        dst_offset = btrfs_item_ptr_offset(dst, dst_path->slots[0] + count - 1);
        src_offset = btrfs_item_ptr_offset(src, start_slot + count - 1);
        copy_extent_buffer(dst, src, dst_offset, src_offset, batch.total_data_size);
        btrfs_release_path(dst_path);

        last_index = batch.keys[count - 1].offset;
        ASSERT(last_index > inode->last_dir_index_offset);

        /*
         * If for some unexpected reason the last item's index is not greater
         * than the last index we logged, warn and force a transaction commit.
         */
        if (WARN_ON(last_index <= inode->last_dir_index_offset))
                ret = BTRFS_LOG_FORCE_COMMIT;
        else
                inode->last_dir_index_offset = last_index;

        if (btrfs_get_first_dir_index_to_log(inode) == 0)
                btrfs_set_first_dir_index_to_log(inode, batch.keys[0].offset);
out:
        kfree(ins_data);

        return ret;
}

static int process_dir_items_leaf(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                  struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                  struct btrfs_path *path,
                                  struct btrfs_path *dst_path,
                                  struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx,
                                  u64 *last_old_dentry_offset)
{
        struct btrfs_root *log = inode->root->log_root;
        struct extent_buffer *src;
        const int nritems = btrfs_header_nritems(path->nodes[0]);
        const u64 ino = btrfs_ino(inode);
        bool last_found = false;
        int batch_start = 0;
        int batch_size = 0;
        int i;

        /*
         * We need to clone the leaf, release the read lock on it, and use the
         * clone before modifying the log tree. See the comment at copy_items()
         * about why we need to do this.
         */
        src = btrfs_clone_extent_buffer(path->nodes[0]);
        if (!src)
                return -ENOMEM;

        i = path->slots[0];
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        path->nodes[0] = src;
        path->slots[0] = i;

        for (; i < nritems; i++) {
                struct btrfs_dir_item *di;
                struct btrfs_key key;
                int ret;

                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(src, &key, i);

                if (key.objectid != ino || key.type != BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY) {
                        last_found = true;
                        break;
                }

                di = btrfs_item_ptr(src, i, struct btrfs_dir_item);

                /*
                 * Skip ranges of items that consist only of dir item keys created
                 * in past transactions. However if we find a gap, we must log a
                 * dir index range item for that gap, so that index keys in that
                 * gap are deleted during log replay.
                 */
                if (btrfs_dir_transid(src, di) < trans->transid) {
                        if (key.offset > *last_old_dentry_offset + 1) {
                                ret = insert_dir_log_key(trans, log, dst_path,
                                                 ino, *last_old_dentry_offset + 1,
                                                 key.offset - 1);
                                if (ret < 0)
                                        return ret;
                        }

                        *last_old_dentry_offset = key.offset;
                        continue;
                }

                /* If we logged this dir index item before, we can skip it. */
                if (key.offset <= inode->last_dir_index_offset)
                        continue;

                /*
                 * We must make sure that when we log a directory entry, the
                 * corresponding inode, after log replay, has a matching link
                 * count. For example:
                 *
                 * touch foo
                 * mkdir mydir
                 * sync
                 * ln foo mydir/bar
                 * xfs_io -c "fsync" mydir
                 * <crash>
                 * <mount fs and log replay>
                 *
                 * Would result in a fsync log that when replayed, our file inode
                 * would have a link count of 1, but we get two directory entries
                 * pointing to the same inode. After removing one of the names,
                 * it would not be possible to remove the other name, which
                 * resulted always in stale file handle errors, and would not be
                 * possible to rmdir the parent directory, since its i_size could
                 * never be decremented to the value BTRFS_EMPTY_DIR_SIZE,
                 * resulting in -ENOTEMPTY errors.
                 */
                if (!ctx->log_new_dentries) {
                        struct btrfs_key di_key;

                        btrfs_dir_item_key_to_cpu(src, di, &di_key);
                        if (di_key.type != BTRFS_ROOT_ITEM_KEY)
                                ctx->log_new_dentries = true;
                }

                if (batch_size == 0)
                        batch_start = i;
                batch_size++;
        }

        if (batch_size > 0) {
                int ret;

                ret = flush_dir_items_batch(trans, inode, src, dst_path,
                                            batch_start, batch_size);
                if (ret < 0)
                        return ret;
        }

        return last_found ? 1 : 0;
}

/*
 * log all the items included in the current transaction for a given
 * directory.  This also creates the range items in the log tree required
 * to replay anything deleted before the fsync
 */
static noinline int log_dir_items(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                          struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                          struct btrfs_path *path,
                          struct btrfs_path *dst_path,
                          struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx,
                          u64 min_offset, u64 *last_offset_ret)
{
        struct btrfs_key min_key;
        struct btrfs_root *root = inode->root;
        struct btrfs_root *log = root->log_root;
        int ret;
        u64 last_old_dentry_offset = min_offset - 1;
        u64 last_offset = (u64)-1;
        u64 ino = btrfs_ino(inode);

        min_key.objectid = ino;
        min_key.type = BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY;
        min_key.offset = min_offset;

        ret = btrfs_search_forward(root, &min_key, path, trans->transid);

        /*
         * we didn't find anything from this transaction, see if there
         * is anything at all
         */
        if (ret != 0 || min_key.objectid != ino ||
            min_key.type != BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY) {
                min_key.objectid = ino;
                min_key.type = BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY;
                min_key.offset = (u64)-1;
                btrfs_release_path(path);
                ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, &min_key, path, 0, 0);
                if (ret < 0) {
                        btrfs_release_path(path);
                        return ret;
                }
                ret = btrfs_previous_item(root, path, ino, BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY);

                /* if ret == 0 there are items for this type,
                 * create a range to tell us the last key of this type.
                 * otherwise, there are no items in this directory after
                 * *min_offset, and we create a range to indicate that.
                 */
                if (ret == 0) {
                        struct btrfs_key tmp;

                        btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], &tmp,
                                              path->slots[0]);
                        if (tmp.type == BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY)
                                last_old_dentry_offset = tmp.offset;
                } else if (ret > 0) {
                        ret = 0;
                }

                goto done;
        }

        /* go backward to find any previous key */
        ret = btrfs_previous_item(root, path, ino, BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY);
        if (ret == 0) {
                struct btrfs_key tmp;

                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], &tmp, path->slots[0]);
                /*
                 * The dir index key before the first one we found that needs to
                 * be logged might be in a previous leaf, and there might be a
                 * gap between these keys, meaning that we had deletions that
                 * happened. So the key range item we log (key type
                 * BTRFS_DIR_LOG_INDEX_KEY) must cover a range that starts at the
                 * previous key's offset plus 1, so that those deletes are replayed.
                 */
                if (tmp.type == BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY)
                        last_old_dentry_offset = tmp.offset;
        } else if (ret < 0) {
                goto done;
        }

        btrfs_release_path(path);

        /*
         * Find the first key from this transaction again or the one we were at
         * in the loop below in case we had to reschedule. We may be logging the
         * directory without holding its VFS lock, which happen when logging new
         * dentries (through log_new_dir_dentries()) or in some cases when we
         * need to log the parent directory of an inode. This means a dir index
         * key might be deleted from the inode's root, and therefore we may not
         * find it anymore. If we can't find it, just move to the next key. We
         * can not bail out and ignore, because if we do that we will simply
         * not log dir index keys that come after the one that was just deleted
         * and we can end up logging a dir index range that ends at (u64)-1
         * (@last_offset is initialized to that), resulting in removing dir
         * entries we should not remove at log replay time.
         */
search:
        ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, &min_key, path, 0, 0);
        if (ret > 0) {
                ret = btrfs_next_item(root, path);
                if (ret > 0) {
                        /* There are no more keys in the inode's root. */
                        ret = 0;
                        goto done;
                }
        }
        if (ret < 0)
                goto done;

        /*
         * we have a block from this transaction, log every item in it
         * from our directory
         */
        while (1) {
                ret = process_dir_items_leaf(trans, inode, path, dst_path, ctx,
                                             &last_old_dentry_offset);
                if (ret != 0) {
                        if (ret > 0)
                                ret = 0;
                        goto done;
                }
                path->slots[0] = btrfs_header_nritems(path->nodes[0]);

                /*
                 * look ahead to the next item and see if it is also
                 * from this directory and from this transaction
                 */
                ret = btrfs_next_leaf(root, path);
                if (ret) {
                        if (ret == 1) {
                                last_offset = (u64)-1;
                                ret = 0;
                        }
                        goto done;
                }
                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], &min_key, path->slots[0]);
                if (min_key.objectid != ino || min_key.type != BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY) {
                        last_offset = (u64)-1;
                        goto done;
                }
                if (btrfs_header_generation(path->nodes[0]) != trans->transid) {
                        /*
                         * The next leaf was not changed in the current transaction
                         * and has at least one dir index key.
                         * We check for the next key because there might have been
                         * one or more deletions between the last key we logged and
                         * that next key. So the key range item we log (key type
                         * BTRFS_DIR_LOG_INDEX_KEY) must end at the next key's
                         * offset minus 1, so that those deletes are replayed.
                         */
                        last_offset = min_key.offset - 1;
                        goto done;
                }
                if (need_resched()) {
                        btrfs_release_path(path);
                        cond_resched();
                        goto search;
                }
        }
done:
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        btrfs_release_path(dst_path);

        if (ret == 0) {
                *last_offset_ret = last_offset;
                /*
                 * In case the leaf was changed in the current transaction but
                 * all its dir items are from a past transaction, the last item
                 * in the leaf is a dir item and there's no gap between that last
                 * dir item and the first one on the next leaf (which did not
                 * change in the current transaction), then we don't need to log
                 * a range, last_old_dentry_offset is == to last_offset.
                 */
                ASSERT(last_old_dentry_offset <= last_offset);
                if (last_old_dentry_offset < last_offset)
                        ret = insert_dir_log_key(trans, log, path, ino,
                                                 last_old_dentry_offset + 1,
                                                 last_offset);
        }

        return ret;
}

/*
 * If the inode was logged before and it was evicted, then its
 * last_dir_index_offset is (u64)-1, so we don't the value of the last index
 * key offset. If that's the case, search for it and update the inode. This
 * is to avoid lookups in the log tree every time we try to insert a dir index
 * key from a leaf changed in the current transaction, and to allow us to always
 * do batch insertions of dir index keys.
 */
static int update_last_dir_index_offset(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                        struct btrfs_path *path,
                                        const struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        const u64 ino = btrfs_ino(inode);
        struct btrfs_key key;
        int ret;

        lockdep_assert_held(&inode->log_mutex);

        if (inode->last_dir_index_offset != (u64)-1)
                return 0;

        if (!ctx->logged_before) {
                inode->last_dir_index_offset = BTRFS_DIR_START_INDEX - 1;
                return 0;
        }

        key.objectid = ino;
        key.type = BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY;
        key.offset = (u64)-1;

        ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, inode->root->log_root, &key, path, 0, 0);
        /*
         * An error happened or we actually have an index key with an offset
         * value of (u64)-1. Bail out, we're done.
         */
        if (ret <= 0)
                goto out;

        ret = 0;
        inode->last_dir_index_offset = BTRFS_DIR_START_INDEX - 1;

        /*
         * No dir index items, bail out and leave last_dir_index_offset with
         * the value right before the first valid index value.
         */
        if (path->slots[0] == 0)
                goto out;

        /*
         * btrfs_search_slot() left us at one slot beyond the slot with the last
         * index key, or beyond the last key of the directory that is not an
         * index key. If we have an index key before, set last_dir_index_offset
         * to its offset value, otherwise leave it with a value right before the
         * first valid index value, as it means we have an empty directory.
         */
        btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], &key, path->slots[0] - 1);
        if (key.objectid == ino && key.type == BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY)
                inode->last_dir_index_offset = key.offset;

out:
        btrfs_release_path(path);

        return ret;
}

/*
 * logging directories is very similar to logging inodes, We find all the items
 * from the current transaction and write them to the log.
 *
 * The recovery code scans the directory in the subvolume, and if it finds a
 * key in the range logged that is not present in the log tree, then it means
 * that dir entry was unlinked during the transaction.
 *
 * In order for that scan to work, we must include one key smaller than
 * the smallest logged by this transaction and one key larger than the largest
 * key logged by this transaction.
 */
static noinline int log_directory_changes(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                          struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                          struct btrfs_path *path,
                          struct btrfs_path *dst_path,
                          struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        u64 min_key;
        u64 max_key;
        int ret;

        ret = update_last_dir_index_offset(inode, path, ctx);
        if (ret)
                return ret;

        min_key = BTRFS_DIR_START_INDEX;
        max_key = 0;

        while (1) {
                ret = log_dir_items(trans, inode, path, dst_path,
                                ctx, min_key, &max_key);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
                if (max_key == (u64)-1)
                        break;
                min_key = max_key + 1;
        }

        return 0;
}

/*
 * a helper function to drop items from the log before we relog an
 * inode.  max_key_type indicates the highest item type to remove.
 * This cannot be run for file data extents because it does not
 * free the extents they point to.
 */
static int drop_inode_items(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                  struct btrfs_root *log,
                                  struct btrfs_path *path,
                                  struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                  int max_key_type)
{
        int ret;
        struct btrfs_key key;
        struct btrfs_key found_key;
        int start_slot;

        key.objectid = btrfs_ino(inode);
        key.type = max_key_type;
        key.offset = (u64)-1;

        while (1) {
                ret = btrfs_search_slot(trans, log, &key, path, -1, 1);
                if (ret < 0) {
                        break;
                } else if (ret > 0) {
                        if (path->slots[0] == 0)
                                break;
                        path->slots[0]--;
                }

                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], &found_key,
                                      path->slots[0]);

                if (found_key.objectid != key.objectid)
                        break;

                found_key.offset = 0;
                found_key.type = 0;
                ret = btrfs_bin_search(path->nodes[0], 0, &found_key, &start_slot);
                if (ret < 0)
                        break;

                ret = btrfs_del_items(trans, log, path, start_slot,
                                      path->slots[0] - start_slot + 1);
                /*
                 * If start slot isn't 0 then we don't need to re-search, we've
                 * found the last guy with the objectid in this tree.
                 */
                if (ret || start_slot != 0)
                        break;
                btrfs_release_path(path);
        }
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        if (ret > 0)
                ret = 0;
        return ret;
}

static int truncate_inode_items(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                struct btrfs_root *log_root,
                                struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                u64 new_size, u32 min_type)
{
        struct btrfs_truncate_control control = {
                .new_size = new_size,
                .ino = btrfs_ino(inode),
                .min_type = min_type,
                .skip_ref_updates = true,
        };

        return btrfs_truncate_inode_items(trans, log_root, &control);
}

static void fill_inode_item(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                            struct extent_buffer *leaf,
                            struct btrfs_inode_item *item,
                            struct inode *inode, int log_inode_only,
                            u64 logged_isize)
{
        struct btrfs_map_token token;
        u64 flags;

        btrfs_init_map_token(&token, leaf);

        if (log_inode_only) {
                /* set the generation to zero so the recover code
                 * can tell the difference between an logging
                 * just to say 'this inode exists' and a logging
                 * to say 'update this inode with these values'
                 */
                btrfs_set_token_inode_generation(&token, item, 0);
                btrfs_set_token_inode_size(&token, item, logged_isize);
        } else {
                btrfs_set_token_inode_generation(&token, item,
                                                 BTRFS_I(inode)->generation);
                btrfs_set_token_inode_size(&token, item, inode->i_size);
        }

        btrfs_set_token_inode_uid(&token, item, i_uid_read(inode));
        btrfs_set_token_inode_gid(&token, item, i_gid_read(inode));
        btrfs_set_token_inode_mode(&token, item, inode->i_mode);
        btrfs_set_token_inode_nlink(&token, item, inode->i_nlink);

        btrfs_set_token_timespec_sec(&token, &item->atime,
                                     inode->i_atime.tv_sec);
        btrfs_set_token_timespec_nsec(&token, &item->atime,
                                      inode->i_atime.tv_nsec);

        btrfs_set_token_timespec_sec(&token, &item->mtime,
                                     inode->i_mtime.tv_sec);
        btrfs_set_token_timespec_nsec(&token, &item->mtime,
                                      inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec);

        btrfs_set_token_timespec_sec(&token, &item->ctime,
                                     inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
        btrfs_set_token_timespec_nsec(&token, &item->ctime,
                                      inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);

        /*
         * We do not need to set the nbytes field, in fact during a fast fsync
         * its value may not even be correct, since a fast fsync does not wait
         * for ordered extent completion, which is where we update nbytes, it
         * only waits for writeback to complete. During log replay as we find
         * file extent items and replay them, we adjust the nbytes field of the
         * inode item in subvolume tree as needed (see overwrite_item()).
         */

        btrfs_set_token_inode_sequence(&token, item, inode_peek_iversion(inode));
        btrfs_set_token_inode_transid(&token, item, trans->transid);
        btrfs_set_token_inode_rdev(&token, item, inode->i_rdev);
        flags = btrfs_inode_combine_flags(BTRFS_I(inode)->flags,
                                          BTRFS_I(inode)->ro_flags);
        btrfs_set_token_inode_flags(&token, item, flags);
        btrfs_set_token_inode_block_group(&token, item, 0);
}

static int log_inode_item(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                          struct btrfs_root *log, struct btrfs_path *path,
                          struct btrfs_inode *inode, bool inode_item_dropped)
{
        struct btrfs_inode_item *inode_item;
        int ret;

        /*
         * If we are doing a fast fsync and the inode was logged before in the
         * current transaction, then we know the inode was previously logged and
         * it exists in the log tree. For performance reasons, in this case use
         * btrfs_search_slot() directly with ins_len set to 0 so that we never
         * attempt a write lock on the leaf's parent, which adds unnecessary lock
         * contention in case there are concurrent fsyncs for other inodes of the
         * same subvolume. Using btrfs_insert_empty_item() when the inode item
         * already exists can also result in unnecessarily splitting a leaf.
         */
        if (!inode_item_dropped && inode->logged_trans == trans->transid) {
                ret = btrfs_search_slot(trans, log, &inode->location, path, 0, 1);
                ASSERT(ret <= 0);
                if (ret > 0)
                        ret = -ENOENT;
        } else {
                /*
                 * This means it is the first fsync in the current transaction,
                 * so the inode item is not in the log and we need to insert it.
                 * We can never get -EEXIST because we are only called for a fast
                 * fsync and in case an inode eviction happens after the inode was
                 * logged before in the current transaction, when we load again
                 * the inode, we set BTRFS_INODE_NEEDS_FULL_SYNC on its runtime
                 * flags and set ->logged_trans to 0.
                 */
                ret = btrfs_insert_empty_item(trans, log, path, &inode->location,
                                              sizeof(*inode_item));
                ASSERT(ret != -EEXIST);
        }
        if (ret)
                return ret;
        inode_item = btrfs_item_ptr(path->nodes[0], path->slots[0],
                                    struct btrfs_inode_item);
        fill_inode_item(trans, path->nodes[0], inode_item, &inode->vfs_inode,
                        0, 0);
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        return 0;
}

static int log_csums(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                     struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                     struct btrfs_root *log_root,
                     struct btrfs_ordered_sum *sums)
{
        const u64 lock_end = sums->logical + sums->len - 1;
        struct extent_state *cached_state = NULL;
        int ret;

        /*
         * If this inode was not used for reflink operations in the current
         * transaction with new extents, then do the fast path, no need to
         * worry about logging checksum items with overlapping ranges.
         */
        if (inode->last_reflink_trans < trans->transid)
                return btrfs_csum_file_blocks(trans, log_root, sums);

        /*
         * Serialize logging for checksums. This is to avoid racing with the
         * same checksum being logged by another task that is logging another
         * file which happens to refer to the same extent as well. Such races
         * can leave checksum items in the log with overlapping ranges.
         */
        ret = lock_extent(&log_root->log_csum_range, sums->logical, lock_end,
                          &cached_state);
        if (ret)
                return ret;
        /*
         * Due to extent cloning, we might have logged a csum item that covers a
         * subrange of a cloned extent, and later we can end up logging a csum
         * item for a larger subrange of the same extent or the entire range.
         * This would leave csum items in the log tree that cover the same range
         * and break the searches for checksums in the log tree, resulting in
         * some checksums missing in the fs/subvolume tree. So just delete (or
         * trim and adjust) any existing csum items in the log for this range.
         */
        ret = btrfs_del_csums(trans, log_root, sums->logical, sums->len);
        if (!ret)
                ret = btrfs_csum_file_blocks(trans, log_root, sums);

        unlock_extent(&log_root->log_csum_range, sums->logical, lock_end,
                      &cached_state);

        return ret;
}

static noinline int copy_items(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                               struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                               struct btrfs_path *dst_path,
                               struct btrfs_path *src_path,
                               int start_slot, int nr, int inode_only,
                               u64 logged_isize)
{
        struct btrfs_root *log = inode->root->log_root;
        struct btrfs_file_extent_item *extent;
        struct extent_buffer *src;
        int ret = 0;
        struct btrfs_key *ins_keys;
        u32 *ins_sizes;
        struct btrfs_item_batch batch;
        char *ins_data;
        int i;
        int dst_index;
        const bool skip_csum = (inode->flags & BTRFS_INODE_NODATASUM);
        const u64 i_size = i_size_read(&inode->vfs_inode);

        /*
         * To keep lockdep happy and avoid deadlocks, clone the source leaf and
         * use the clone. This is because otherwise we would be changing the log
         * tree, to insert items from the subvolume tree or insert csum items,
         * while holding a read lock on a leaf from the subvolume tree, which
         * creates a nasty lock dependency when COWing log tree nodes/leaves:
         *
         * 1) Modifying the log tree triggers an extent buffer allocation while
         *    holding a write lock on a parent extent buffer from the log tree.
         *    Allocating the pages for an extent buffer, or the extent buffer
         *    struct, can trigger inode eviction and finally the inode eviction
         *    will trigger a release/remove of a delayed node, which requires
         *    taking the delayed node's mutex;
         *
         * 2) Allocating a metadata extent for a log tree can trigger the async
         *    reclaim thread and make us wait for it to release enough space and
         *    unblock our reservation ticket. The reclaim thread can start
         *    flushing delayed items, and that in turn results in the need to
         *    lock delayed node mutexes and in the need to write lock extent
         *    buffers of a subvolume tree - all this while holding a write lock
         *    on the parent extent buffer in the log tree.
         *
         * So one task in scenario 1) running in parallel with another task in
         * scenario 2) could lead to a deadlock, one wanting to lock a delayed
         * node mutex while having a read lock on a leaf from the subvolume,
         * while the other is holding the delayed node's mutex and wants to
         * write lock the same subvolume leaf for flushing delayed items.
         */
        src = btrfs_clone_extent_buffer(src_path->nodes[0]);
        if (!src)
                return -ENOMEM;

        i = src_path->slots[0];
        btrfs_release_path(src_path);
        src_path->nodes[0] = src;
        src_path->slots[0] = i;

        ins_data = kmalloc(nr * sizeof(struct btrfs_key) +
                           nr * sizeof(u32), GFP_NOFS);
        if (!ins_data)
                return -ENOMEM;

        ins_sizes = (u32 *)ins_data;
        ins_keys = (struct btrfs_key *)(ins_data + nr * sizeof(u32));
        batch.keys = ins_keys;
        batch.data_sizes = ins_sizes;
        batch.total_data_size = 0;
        batch.nr = 0;

        dst_index = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
                const int src_slot = start_slot + i;
                struct btrfs_root *csum_root;
                struct btrfs_ordered_sum *sums;
                struct btrfs_ordered_sum *sums_next;
                LIST_HEAD(ordered_sums);
                u64 disk_bytenr;
                u64 disk_num_bytes;
                u64 extent_offset;
                u64 extent_num_bytes;
                bool is_old_extent;

                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(src, &ins_keys[dst_index], src_slot);

                if (ins_keys[dst_index].type != BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY)
                        goto add_to_batch;

                extent = btrfs_item_ptr(src, src_slot,
                                        struct btrfs_file_extent_item);

                is_old_extent = (btrfs_file_extent_generation(src, extent) <
                                 trans->transid);

                /*
                 * Don't copy extents from past generations. That would make us
                 * log a lot more metadata for common cases like doing only a
                 * few random writes into a file and then fsync it for the first
                 * time or after the full sync flag is set on the inode. We can
                 * get leaves full of extent items, most of which are from past
                 * generations, so we can skip them - as long as the inode has
                 * not been the target of a reflink operation in this transaction,
                 * as in that case it might have had file extent items with old
                 * generations copied into it. We also must always log prealloc
                 * extents that start at or beyond eof, otherwise we would lose
                 * them on log replay.
                 */
                if (is_old_extent &&
                    ins_keys[dst_index].offset < i_size &&
                    inode->last_reflink_trans < trans->transid)
                        continue;

                if (skip_csum)
                        goto add_to_batch;

                /* Only regular extents have checksums. */
                if (btrfs_file_extent_type(src, extent) != BTRFS_FILE_EXTENT_REG)
                        goto add_to_batch;

                /*
                 * If it's an extent created in a past transaction, then its
                 * checksums are already accessible from the committed csum tree,
                 * no need to log them.
                 */
                if (is_old_extent)
                        goto add_to_batch;

                disk_bytenr = btrfs_file_extent_disk_bytenr(src, extent);
                /* If it's an explicit hole, there are no checksums. */
                if (disk_bytenr == 0)
                        goto add_to_batch;

                disk_num_bytes = btrfs_file_extent_disk_num_bytes(src, extent);

                if (btrfs_file_extent_compression(src, extent)) {
                        extent_offset = 0;
                        extent_num_bytes = disk_num_bytes;
                } else {
                        extent_offset = btrfs_file_extent_offset(src, extent);
                        extent_num_bytes = btrfs_file_extent_num_bytes(src, extent);
                }

                csum_root = btrfs_csum_root(trans->fs_info, disk_bytenr);
                disk_bytenr += extent_offset;
                ret = btrfs_lookup_csums_list(csum_root, disk_bytenr,
                                              disk_bytenr + extent_num_bytes - 1,
                                              &ordered_sums, 0, false);
                if (ret)
                        goto out;

                list_for_each_entry_safe(sums, sums_next, &ordered_sums, list) {
                        if (!ret)
                                ret = log_csums(trans, inode, log, sums);
                        list_del(&sums->list);
                        kfree(sums);
                }
                if (ret)
                        goto out;

add_to_batch:
                ins_sizes[dst_index] = btrfs_item_size(src, src_slot);
                batch.total_data_size += ins_sizes[dst_index];
                batch.nr++;
                dst_index++;
        }

        /*
         * We have a leaf full of old extent items that don't need to be logged,
         * so we don't need to do anything.
         */
        if (batch.nr == 0)
                goto out;

        ret = btrfs_insert_empty_items(trans, log, dst_path, &batch);
        if (ret)
                goto out;

        dst_index = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
                const int src_slot = start_slot + i;
                const int dst_slot = dst_path->slots[0] + dst_index;
                struct btrfs_key key;
                unsigned long src_offset;
                unsigned long dst_offset;

                /*
                 * We're done, all the remaining items in the source leaf
                 * correspond to old file extent items.
                 */
                if (dst_index >= batch.nr)
                        break;

                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(src, &key, src_slot);

                if (key.type != BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY)
                        goto copy_item;

                extent = btrfs_item_ptr(src, src_slot,
                                        struct btrfs_file_extent_item);

                /* See the comment in the previous loop, same logic. */
                if (btrfs_file_extent_generation(src, extent) < trans->transid &&
                    key.offset < i_size &&
                    inode->last_reflink_trans < trans->transid)
                        continue;

copy_item:
                dst_offset = btrfs_item_ptr_offset(dst_path->nodes[0], dst_slot);
                src_offset = btrfs_item_ptr_offset(src, src_slot);

                if (key.type == BTRFS_INODE_ITEM_KEY) {
                        struct btrfs_inode_item *inode_item;

                        inode_item = btrfs_item_ptr(dst_path->nodes[0], dst_slot,
                                                    struct btrfs_inode_item);
                        fill_inode_item(trans, dst_path->nodes[0], inode_item,
                                        &inode->vfs_inode,
                                        inode_only == LOG_INODE_EXISTS,
                                        logged_isize);
                } else {
                        copy_extent_buffer(dst_path->nodes[0], src, dst_offset,
                                           src_offset, ins_sizes[dst_index]);
                }

                dst_index++;
        }

        btrfs_mark_buffer_dirty(dst_path->nodes[0]);
        btrfs_release_path(dst_path);
out:
        kfree(ins_data);

        return ret;
}

static int extent_cmp(void *priv, const struct list_head *a,
                      const struct list_head *b)
{
        const struct extent_map *em1, *em2;

        em1 = list_entry(a, struct extent_map, list);
        em2 = list_entry(b, struct extent_map, list);

        if (em1->start < em2->start)
                return -1;
        else if (em1->start > em2->start)
                return 1;
        return 0;
}

static int log_extent_csums(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                            struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                            struct btrfs_root *log_root,
                            const struct extent_map *em,
                            struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        struct btrfs_ordered_extent *ordered;
        struct btrfs_root *csum_root;
        u64 csum_offset;
        u64 csum_len;
        u64 mod_start = em->mod_start;
        u64 mod_len = em->mod_len;
        LIST_HEAD(ordered_sums);
        int ret = 0;

        if (inode->flags & BTRFS_INODE_NODATASUM ||
            test_bit(EXTENT_FLAG_PREALLOC, &em->flags) ||
            em->block_start == EXTENT_MAP_HOLE)
                return 0;

        list_for_each_entry(ordered, &ctx->ordered_extents, log_list) {
                const u64 ordered_end = ordered->file_offset + ordered->num_bytes;
                const u64 mod_end = mod_start + mod_len;
                struct btrfs_ordered_sum *sums;

                if (mod_len == 0)
                        break;

                if (ordered_end <= mod_start)
                        continue;
                if (mod_end <= ordered->file_offset)
                        break;

                /*
                 * We are going to copy all the csums on this ordered extent, so
                 * go ahead and adjust mod_start and mod_len in case this ordered
                 * extent has already been logged.
                 */
                if (ordered->file_offset > mod_start) {
                        if (ordered_end >= mod_end)
                                mod_len = ordered->file_offset - mod_start;
                        /*
                         * If we have this case
                         *
                         * |--------- logged extent ---------|
                         *       |----- ordered extent ----|
                         *
                         * Just don't mess with mod_start and mod_len, we'll
                         * just end up logging more csums than we need and it
                         * will be ok.
                         */
                } else {
                        if (ordered_end < mod_end) {
                                mod_len = mod_end - ordered_end;
                                mod_start = ordered_end;
                        } else {
                                mod_len = 0;
                        }
                }

                /*
                 * To keep us from looping for the above case of an ordered
                 * extent that falls inside of the logged extent.
                 */
                if (test_and_set_bit(BTRFS_ORDERED_LOGGED_CSUM, &ordered->flags))
                        continue;

                list_for_each_entry(sums, &ordered->list, list) {
                        ret = log_csums(trans, inode, log_root, sums);
                        if (ret)
                                return ret;
                }
        }

        /* We're done, found all csums in the ordered extents. */
        if (mod_len == 0)
                return 0;

        /* If we're compressed we have to save the entire range of csums. */
        if (em->compress_type) {
                csum_offset = 0;
                csum_len = max(em->block_len, em->orig_block_len);
        } else {
                csum_offset = mod_start - em->start;
                csum_len = mod_len;
        }

        /* block start is already adjusted for the file extent offset. */
        csum_root = btrfs_csum_root(trans->fs_info, em->block_start);
        ret = btrfs_lookup_csums_list(csum_root, em->block_start + csum_offset,
                                      em->block_start + csum_offset +
                                      csum_len - 1, &ordered_sums, 0, false);
        if (ret)
                return ret;

        while (!list_empty(&ordered_sums)) {
                struct btrfs_ordered_sum *sums = list_entry(ordered_sums.next,
                                                   struct btrfs_ordered_sum,
                                                   list);
                if (!ret)
                        ret = log_csums(trans, inode, log_root, sums);
                list_del(&sums->list);
                kfree(sums);
        }

        return ret;
}

static int log_one_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                          struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                          const struct extent_map *em,
                          struct btrfs_path *path,
                          struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        struct btrfs_drop_extents_args drop_args = { 0 };
        struct btrfs_root *log = inode->root->log_root;
        struct btrfs_file_extent_item fi = { 0 };
        struct extent_buffer *leaf;
        struct btrfs_key key;
        u64 extent_offset = em->start - em->orig_start;
        u64 block_len;
        int ret;

        btrfs_set_stack_file_extent_generation(&fi, trans->transid);
        if (test_bit(EXTENT_FLAG_PREALLOC, &em->flags))
                btrfs_set_stack_file_extent_type(&fi, BTRFS_FILE_EXTENT_PREALLOC);
        else
                btrfs_set_stack_file_extent_type(&fi, BTRFS_FILE_EXTENT_REG);

        block_len = max(em->block_len, em->orig_block_len);
        if (em->compress_type != BTRFS_COMPRESS_NONE) {
                btrfs_set_stack_file_extent_disk_bytenr(&fi, em->block_start);
                btrfs_set_stack_file_extent_disk_num_bytes(&fi, block_len);
        } else if (em->block_start < EXTENT_MAP_LAST_BYTE) {
                btrfs_set_stack_file_extent_disk_bytenr(&fi, em->block_start -
                                                        extent_offset);
                btrfs_set_stack_file_extent_disk_num_bytes(&fi, block_len);
        }

        btrfs_set_stack_file_extent_offset(&fi, extent_offset);
        btrfs_set_stack_file_extent_num_bytes(&fi, em->len);
        btrfs_set_stack_file_extent_ram_bytes(&fi, em->ram_bytes);
        btrfs_set_stack_file_extent_compression(&fi, em->compress_type);

        ret = log_extent_csums(trans, inode, log, em, ctx);
        if (ret)
                return ret;

        /*
         * If this is the first time we are logging the inode in the current
         * transaction, we can avoid btrfs_drop_extents(), which is expensive
         * because it does a deletion search, which always acquires write locks
         * for extent buffers at levels 2, 1 and 0. This not only wastes time
         * but also adds significant contention in a log tree, since log trees
         * are small, with a root at level 2 or 3 at most, due to their short
         * life span.
         */
        if (ctx->logged_before) {
                drop_args.path = path;
                drop_args.start = em->start;
                drop_args.end = em->start + em->len;
                drop_args.replace_extent = true;
                drop_args.extent_item_size = sizeof(fi);
                ret = btrfs_drop_extents(trans, log, inode, &drop_args);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
        }

        if (!drop_args.extent_inserted) {
                key.objectid = btrfs_ino(inode);
                key.type = BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY;
                key.offset = em->start;

                ret = btrfs_insert_empty_item(trans, log, path, &key,
                                              sizeof(fi));
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
        }
        leaf = path->nodes[0];
        write_extent_buffer(leaf, &fi,
                            btrfs_item_ptr_offset(leaf, path->slots[0]),
                            sizeof(fi));
        btrfs_mark_buffer_dirty(leaf);

        btrfs_release_path(path);

        return ret;
}

/*
 * Log all prealloc extents beyond the inode's i_size to make sure we do not
 * lose them after doing a full/fast fsync and replaying the log. We scan the
 * subvolume's root instead of iterating the inode's extent map tree because
 * otherwise we can log incorrect extent items based on extent map conversion.
 * That can happen due to the fact that extent maps are merged when they
 * are not in the extent map tree's list of modified extents.
 */
static int btrfs_log_prealloc_extents(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                      struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                      struct btrfs_path *path)
{
        struct btrfs_root *root = inode->root;
        struct btrfs_key key;
        const u64 i_size = i_size_read(&inode->vfs_inode);
        const u64 ino = btrfs_ino(inode);
        struct btrfs_path *dst_path = NULL;
        bool dropped_extents = false;
        u64 truncate_offset = i_size;
        struct extent_buffer *leaf;
        int slot;
        int ins_nr = 0;
        int start_slot;
        int ret;

        if (!(inode->flags & BTRFS_INODE_PREALLOC))
                return 0;

        key.objectid = ino;
        key.type = BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY;
        key.offset = i_size;
        ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, &key, path, 0, 0);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;

        /*
         * We must check if there is a prealloc extent that starts before the
         * i_size and crosses the i_size boundary. This is to ensure later we
         * truncate down to the end of that extent and not to the i_size, as
         * otherwise we end up losing part of the prealloc extent after a log
         * replay and with an implicit hole if there is another prealloc extent
         * that starts at an offset beyond i_size.
         */
        ret = btrfs_previous_item(root, path, ino, BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;

        if (ret == 0) {
                struct btrfs_file_extent_item *ei;

                leaf = path->nodes[0];
                slot = path->slots[0];
                ei = btrfs_item_ptr(leaf, slot, struct btrfs_file_extent_item);

                if (btrfs_file_extent_type(leaf, ei) ==
                    BTRFS_FILE_EXTENT_PREALLOC) {
                        u64 extent_end;

                        btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(leaf, &key, slot);
                        extent_end = key.offset +
                                btrfs_file_extent_num_bytes(leaf, ei);

                        if (extent_end > i_size)
                                truncate_offset = extent_end;
                }
        } else {
                ret = 0;
        }

        while (true) {
                leaf = path->nodes[0];
                slot = path->slots[0];

                if (slot >= btrfs_header_nritems(leaf)) {
                        if (ins_nr > 0) {
                                ret = copy_items(trans, inode, dst_path, path,
                                                 start_slot, ins_nr, 1, 0);
                                if (ret < 0)
                                        goto out;
                                ins_nr = 0;
                        }
                        ret = btrfs_next_leaf(root, path);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                goto out;
                        if (ret > 0) {
                                ret = 0;
                                break;
                        }
                        continue;
                }

                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(leaf, &key, slot);
                if (key.objectid > ino)
                        break;
                if (WARN_ON_ONCE(key.objectid < ino) ||
                    key.type < BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY ||
                    key.offset < i_size) {
                        path->slots[0]++;
                        continue;
                }
                if (!dropped_extents) {
                        /*
                         * Avoid logging extent items logged in past fsync calls
                         * and leading to duplicate keys in the log tree.
                         */
                        ret = truncate_inode_items(trans, root->log_root, inode,
                                                   truncate_offset,
                                                   BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY);
                        if (ret)
                                goto out;
                        dropped_extents = true;
                }
                if (ins_nr == 0)
                        start_slot = slot;
                ins_nr++;
                path->slots[0]++;
                if (!dst_path) {
                        dst_path = btrfs_alloc_path();
                        if (!dst_path) {
                                ret = -ENOMEM;
                                goto out;
                        }
                }
        }
        if (ins_nr > 0)
                ret = copy_items(trans, inode, dst_path, path,
                                 start_slot, ins_nr, 1, 0);
out:
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        btrfs_free_path(dst_path);
        return ret;
}

static int btrfs_log_changed_extents(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                     struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                     struct btrfs_path *path,
                                     struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        struct btrfs_ordered_extent *ordered;
        struct btrfs_ordered_extent *tmp;
        struct extent_map *em, *n;
        LIST_HEAD(extents);
        struct extent_map_tree *tree = &inode->extent_tree;
        int ret = 0;
        int num = 0;

        write_lock(&tree->lock);

        list_for_each_entry_safe(em, n, &tree->modified_extents, list) {
                list_del_init(&em->list);
                /*
                 * Just an arbitrary number, this can be really CPU intensive
                 * once we start getting a lot of extents, and really once we
                 * have a bunch of extents we just want to commit since it will
                 * be faster.
                 */
                if (++num > 32768) {
                        list_del_init(&tree->modified_extents);
                        ret = -EFBIG;
                        goto process;
                }

                if (em->generation < trans->transid)
                        continue;

                /* We log prealloc extents beyond eof later. */
                if (test_bit(EXTENT_FLAG_PREALLOC, &em->flags) &&
                    em->start >= i_size_read(&inode->vfs_inode))
                        continue;

                /* Need a ref to keep it from getting evicted from cache */
                refcount_inc(&em->refs);
                set_bit(EXTENT_FLAG_LOGGING, &em->flags);
                list_add_tail(&em->list, &extents);
                num++;
        }

        list_sort(NULL, &extents, extent_cmp);
process:
        while (!list_empty(&extents)) {
                em = list_entry(extents.next, struct extent_map, list);

                list_del_init(&em->list);

                /*
                 * If we had an error we just need to delete everybody from our
                 * private list.
                 */
                if (ret) {
                        clear_em_logging(tree, em);
                        free_extent_map(em);
                        continue;
                }

                write_unlock(&tree->lock);

                ret = log_one_extent(trans, inode, em, path, ctx);
                write_lock(&tree->lock);
                clear_em_logging(tree, em);
                free_extent_map(em);
        }
        WARN_ON(!list_empty(&extents));
        write_unlock(&tree->lock);

        if (!ret)
                ret = btrfs_log_prealloc_extents(trans, inode, path);
        if (ret)
                return ret;

        /*
         * We have logged all extents successfully, now make sure the commit of
         * the current transaction waits for the ordered extents to complete
         * before it commits and wipes out the log trees, otherwise we would
         * lose data if an ordered extents completes after the transaction
         * commits and a power failure happens after the transaction commit.
         */
        list_for_each_entry_safe(ordered, tmp, &ctx->ordered_extents, log_list) {
                list_del_init(&ordered->log_list);
                set_bit(BTRFS_ORDERED_LOGGED, &ordered->flags);

                if (!test_bit(BTRFS_ORDERED_COMPLETE, &ordered->flags)) {
                        spin_lock_irq(&inode->ordered_tree.lock);
                        if (!test_bit(BTRFS_ORDERED_COMPLETE, &ordered->flags)) {
                                set_bit(BTRFS_ORDERED_PENDING, &ordered->flags);
                                atomic_inc(&trans->transaction->pending_ordered);
                        }
                        spin_unlock_irq(&inode->ordered_tree.lock);
                }
                btrfs_put_ordered_extent(ordered);
        }

        return 0;
}

static int logged_inode_size(struct btrfs_root *log, struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                             struct btrfs_path *path, u64 *size_ret)
{
        struct btrfs_key key;
        int ret;

        key.objectid = btrfs_ino(inode);
        key.type = BTRFS_INODE_ITEM_KEY;
        key.offset = 0;

        ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, log, &key, path, 0, 0);
        if (ret < 0) {
                return ret;
        } else if (ret > 0) {
                *size_ret = 0;
        } else {
                struct btrfs_inode_item *item;

                item = btrfs_item_ptr(path->nodes[0], path->slots[0],
                                      struct btrfs_inode_item);
                *size_ret = btrfs_inode_size(path->nodes[0], item);
                /*
                 * If the in-memory inode's i_size is smaller then the inode
                 * size stored in the btree, return the inode's i_size, so
                 * that we get a correct inode size after replaying the log
                 * when before a power failure we had a shrinking truncate
                 * followed by addition of a new name (rename / new hard link).
                 * Otherwise return the inode size from the btree, to avoid
                 * data loss when replaying a log due to previously doing a
                 * write that expands the inode's size and logging a new name
                 * immediately after.
                 */
                if (*size_ret > inode->vfs_inode.i_size)
                        *size_ret = inode->vfs_inode.i_size;
        }

        btrfs_release_path(path);
        return 0;
}

/*
 * At the moment we always log all xattrs. This is to figure out at log replay
 * time which xattrs must have their deletion replayed. If a xattr is missing
 * in the log tree and exists in the fs/subvol tree, we delete it. This is
 * because if a xattr is deleted, the inode is fsynced and a power failure
 * happens, causing the log to be replayed the next time the fs is mounted,
 * we want the xattr to not exist anymore (same behaviour as other filesystems
 * with a journal, ext3/4, xfs, f2fs, etc).
 */
static int btrfs_log_all_xattrs(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                struct btrfs_path *path,
                                struct btrfs_path *dst_path)
{
        struct btrfs_root *root = inode->root;
        int ret;
        struct btrfs_key key;
        const u64 ino = btrfs_ino(inode);
        int ins_nr = 0;
        int start_slot = 0;
        bool found_xattrs = false;

        if (test_bit(BTRFS_INODE_NO_XATTRS, &inode->runtime_flags))
                return 0;

        key.objectid = ino;
        key.type = BTRFS_XATTR_ITEM_KEY;
        key.offset = 0;

        ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, &key, path, 0, 0);
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;

        while (true) {
                int slot = path->slots[0];
                struct extent_buffer *leaf = path->nodes[0];
                int nritems = btrfs_header_nritems(leaf);

                if (slot >= nritems) {
                        if (ins_nr > 0) {
                                ret = copy_items(trans, inode, dst_path, path,
                                                 start_slot, ins_nr, 1, 0);
                                if (ret < 0)
                                        return ret;
                                ins_nr = 0;
                        }
                        ret = btrfs_next_leaf(root, path);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                return ret;
                        else if (ret > 0)
                                break;
                        continue;
                }

                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(leaf, &key, slot);
                if (key.objectid != ino || key.type != BTRFS_XATTR_ITEM_KEY)
                        break;

                if (ins_nr == 0)
                        start_slot = slot;
                ins_nr++;
                path->slots[0]++;
                found_xattrs = true;
                cond_resched();
        }
        if (ins_nr > 0) {
                ret = copy_items(trans, inode, dst_path, path,
                                 start_slot, ins_nr, 1, 0);
                if (ret < 0)
                        return ret;
        }

        if (!found_xattrs)
                set_bit(BTRFS_INODE_NO_XATTRS, &inode->runtime_flags);

        return 0;
}

/*
 * When using the NO_HOLES feature if we punched a hole that causes the
 * deletion of entire leafs or all the extent items of the first leaf (the one
 * that contains the inode item and references) we may end up not processing
 * any extents, because there are no leafs with a generation matching the
 * current transaction that have extent items for our inode. So we need to find
 * if any holes exist and then log them. We also need to log holes after any
 * truncate operation that changes the inode's size.
 */
static int btrfs_log_holes(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                           struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                           struct btrfs_path *path)
{
        struct btrfs_root *root = inode->root;
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
        struct btrfs_key key;
        const u64 ino = btrfs_ino(inode);
        const u64 i_size = i_size_read(&inode->vfs_inode);
        u64 prev_extent_end = 0;
        int ret;

        if (!btrfs_fs_incompat(fs_info, NO_HOLES) || i_size == 0)
                return 0;

        key.objectid = ino;
        key.type = BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY;
        key.offset = 0;

        ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, &key, path, 0, 0);
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;

        while (true) {
                struct extent_buffer *leaf = path->nodes[0];

                if (path->slots[0] >= btrfs_header_nritems(path->nodes[0])) {
                        ret = btrfs_next_leaf(root, path);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                return ret;
                        if (ret > 0) {
                                ret = 0;
                                break;
                        }
                        leaf = path->nodes[0];
                }

                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(leaf, &key, path->slots[0]);
                if (key.objectid != ino || key.type != BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY)
                        break;

                /* We have a hole, log it. */
                if (prev_extent_end < key.offset) {
                        const u64 hole_len = key.offset - prev_extent_end;

                        /*
                         * Release the path to avoid deadlocks with other code
                         * paths that search the root while holding locks on
                         * leafs from the log root.
                         */
                        btrfs_release_path(path);
                        ret = btrfs_insert_hole_extent(trans, root->log_root,
                                                       ino, prev_extent_end,
                                                       hole_len);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                return ret;

                        /*
                         * Search for the same key again in the root. Since it's
                         * an extent item and we are holding the inode lock, the
                         * key must still exist. If it doesn't just emit warning
                         * and return an error to fall back to a transaction
                         * commit.
                         */
                        ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, &key, path, 0, 0);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                return ret;
                        if (WARN_ON(ret > 0))
                                return -ENOENT;
                        leaf = path->nodes[0];
                }

                prev_extent_end = btrfs_file_extent_end(path);
                path->slots[0]++;
                cond_resched();
        }

        if (prev_extent_end < i_size) {
                u64 hole_len;

                btrfs_release_path(path);
                hole_len = ALIGN(i_size - prev_extent_end, fs_info->sectorsize);
                ret = btrfs_insert_hole_extent(trans, root->log_root, ino,
                                               prev_extent_end, hole_len);
                if (ret < 0)
                        return ret;
        }

        return 0;
}

/*
 * When we are logging a new inode X, check if it doesn't have a reference that
 * matches the reference from some other inode Y created in a past transaction
 * and that was renamed in the current transaction. If we don't do this, then at
 * log replay time we can lose inode Y (and all its files if it's a directory):
 *
 * mkdir /mnt/x
 * echo "hello world" > /mnt/x/foobar
 * sync
 * mv /mnt/x /mnt/y
 * mkdir /mnt/x                 # or touch /mnt/x
 * xfs_io -c fsync /mnt/x
 * <power fail>
 * mount fs, trigger log replay
 *
 * After the log replay procedure, we would lose the first directory and all its
 * files (file foobar).
 * For the case where inode Y is not a directory we simply end up losing it:
 *
 * echo "123" > /mnt/foo
 * sync
 * mv /mnt/foo /mnt/bar
 * echo "abc" > /mnt/foo
 * xfs_io -c fsync /mnt/foo
 * <power fail>
 *
 * We also need this for cases where a snapshot entry is replaced by some other
 * entry (file or directory) otherwise we end up with an unreplayable log due to
 * attempts to delete the snapshot entry (entry of type BTRFS_ROOT_ITEM_KEY) as
 * if it were a regular entry:
 *
 * mkdir /mnt/x
 * btrfs subvolume snapshot /mnt /mnt/x/snap
 * btrfs subvolume delete /mnt/x/snap
 * rmdir /mnt/x
 * mkdir /mnt/x
 * fsync /mnt/x or fsync some new file inside it
 * <power fail>
 *
 * The snapshot delete, rmdir of x, mkdir of a new x and the fsync all happen in
 * the same transaction.
 */
static int btrfs_check_ref_name_override(struct extent_buffer *eb,
                                         const int slot,
                                         const struct btrfs_key *key,
                                         struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                         u64 *other_ino, u64 *other_parent)
{
        int ret;
        struct btrfs_path *search_path;
        char *name = NULL;
        u32 name_len = 0;
        u32 item_size = btrfs_item_size(eb, slot);
        u32 cur_offset = 0;
        unsigned long ptr = btrfs_item_ptr_offset(eb, slot);

        search_path = btrfs_alloc_path();
        if (!search_path)
                return -ENOMEM;
        search_path->search_commit_root = 1;
        search_path->skip_locking = 1;

        while (cur_offset < item_size) {
                u64 parent;
                u32 this_name_len;
                u32 this_len;
                unsigned long name_ptr;
                struct btrfs_dir_item *di;
                struct fscrypt_str name_str;

                if (key->type == BTRFS_INODE_REF_KEY) {
                        struct btrfs_inode_ref *iref;

                        iref = (struct btrfs_inode_ref *)(ptr + cur_offset);
                        parent = key->offset;
                        this_name_len = btrfs_inode_ref_name_len(eb, iref);
                        name_ptr = (unsigned long)(iref + 1);
                        this_len = sizeof(*iref) + this_name_len;
                } else {
                        struct btrfs_inode_extref *extref;

                        extref = (struct btrfs_inode_extref *)(ptr +
                                                               cur_offset);
                        parent = btrfs_inode_extref_parent(eb, extref);
                        this_name_len = btrfs_inode_extref_name_len(eb, extref);
                        name_ptr = (unsigned long)&extref->name;
                        this_len = sizeof(*extref) + this_name_len;
                }

                if (this_name_len > name_len) {
                        char *new_name;

                        new_name = krealloc(name, this_name_len, GFP_NOFS);
                        if (!new_name) {
                                ret = -ENOMEM;
                                goto out;
                        }
                        name_len = this_name_len;
                        name = new_name;
                }

                read_extent_buffer(eb, name, name_ptr, this_name_len);

                name_str.name = name;
                name_str.len = this_name_len;
                di = btrfs_lookup_dir_item(NULL, inode->root, search_path,
                                parent, &name_str, 0);
                if (di && !IS_ERR(di)) {
                        struct btrfs_key di_key;

                        btrfs_dir_item_key_to_cpu(search_path->nodes[0],
                                                  di, &di_key);
                        if (di_key.type == BTRFS_INODE_ITEM_KEY) {
                                if (di_key.objectid != key->objectid) {
                                        ret = 1;
                                        *other_ino = di_key.objectid;
                                        *other_parent = parent;
                                } else {
                                        ret = 0;
                                }
                        } else {
                                ret = -EAGAIN;
                        }
                        goto out;
                } else if (IS_ERR(di)) {
                        ret = PTR_ERR(di);
                        goto out;
                }
                btrfs_release_path(search_path);

                cur_offset += this_len;
        }
        ret = 0;
out:
        btrfs_free_path(search_path);
        kfree(name);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Check if we need to log an inode. This is used in contexts where while
 * logging an inode we need to log another inode (either that it exists or in
 * full mode). This is used instead of btrfs_inode_in_log() because the later
 * requires the inode to be in the log and have the log transaction committed,
 * while here we do not care if the log transaction was already committed - our
 * caller will commit the log later - and we want to avoid logging an inode
 * multiple times when multiple tasks have joined the same log transaction.
 */
static bool need_log_inode(const struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                           struct btrfs_inode *inode)
{
        /*
         * If a directory was not modified, no dentries added or removed, we can
         * and should avoid logging it.
         */
        if (S_ISDIR(inode->vfs_inode.i_mode) && inode->last_trans < trans->transid)
                return false;

        /*
         * If this inode does not have new/updated/deleted xattrs since the last
         * time it was logged and is flagged as logged in the current transaction,
         * we can skip logging it. As for new/deleted names, those are updated in
         * the log by link/unlink/rename operations.
         * In case the inode was logged and then evicted and reloaded, its
         * logged_trans will be 0, in which case we have to fully log it since
         * logged_trans is a transient field, not persisted.
         */
        if (inode_logged(trans, inode, NULL) == 1 &&
            !test_bit(BTRFS_INODE_COPY_EVERYTHING, &inode->runtime_flags))
                return false;

        return true;
}

struct btrfs_dir_list {
        u64 ino;
        struct list_head list;
};

/*
 * Log the inodes of the new dentries of a directory.
 * See process_dir_items_leaf() for details about why it is needed.
 * This is a recursive operation - if an existing dentry corresponds to a
 * directory, that directory's new entries are logged too (same behaviour as
 * ext3/4, xfs, f2fs, reiserfs, nilfs2). Note that when logging the inodes
 * the dentries point to we do not acquire their VFS lock, otherwise lockdep
 * complains about the following circular lock dependency / possible deadlock:
 *
 *        CPU0                                        CPU1
 *        ----                                        ----
 * lock(&type->i_mutex_dir_key#3/2);
 *                                            lock(sb_internal#2);
 *                                            lock(&type->i_mutex_dir_key#3/2);
 * lock(&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#14);
 *
 * Where sb_internal is the lock (a counter that works as a lock) acquired by
 * sb_start_intwrite() in btrfs_start_transaction().
 * Not acquiring the VFS lock of the inodes is still safe because:
 *
 * 1) For regular files we log with a mode of LOG_INODE_EXISTS. It's possible
 *    that while logging the inode new references (names) are added or removed
 *    from the inode, leaving the logged inode item with a link count that does
 *    not match the number of logged inode reference items. This is fine because
 *    at log replay time we compute the real number of links and correct the
 *    link count in the inode item (see replay_one_buffer() and
 *    link_to_fixup_dir());
 *
 * 2) For directories we log with a mode of LOG_INODE_ALL. It's possible that
 *    while logging the inode's items new index items (key type
 *    BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY) are added to fs/subvol tree and the logged inode item
 *    has a size that doesn't match the sum of the lengths of all the logged
 *    names - this is ok, not a problem, because at log replay time we set the
 *    directory's i_size to the correct value (see replay_one_name() and
 *    overwrite_item()).
 */
static int log_new_dir_dentries(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                struct btrfs_inode *start_inode,
                                struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        struct btrfs_root *root = start_inode->root;
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
        struct btrfs_path *path;
        LIST_HEAD(dir_list);
        struct btrfs_dir_list *dir_elem;
        u64 ino = btrfs_ino(start_inode);
        struct btrfs_inode *curr_inode = start_inode;
        int ret = 0;

        /*
         * If we are logging a new name, as part of a link or rename operation,
         * don't bother logging new dentries, as we just want to log the names
         * of an inode and that any new parents exist.
         */
        if (ctx->logging_new_name)
                return 0;

        path = btrfs_alloc_path();
        if (!path)
                return -ENOMEM;

        /* Pairs with btrfs_add_delayed_iput below. */
        ihold(&curr_inode->vfs_inode);

        while (true) {
                struct inode *vfs_inode;
                struct btrfs_key key;
                struct btrfs_key found_key;
                u64 next_index;
                bool continue_curr_inode = true;
                int iter_ret;

                key.objectid = ino;
                key.type = BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY;
                key.offset = btrfs_get_first_dir_index_to_log(curr_inode);
                next_index = key.offset;
again:
                btrfs_for_each_slot(root->log_root, &key, &found_key, path, iter_ret) {
                        struct extent_buffer *leaf = path->nodes[0];
                        struct btrfs_dir_item *di;
                        struct btrfs_key di_key;
                        struct inode *di_inode;
                        int log_mode = LOG_INODE_EXISTS;
                        int type;

                        if (found_key.objectid != ino ||
                            found_key.type != BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY) {
                                continue_curr_inode = false;
                                break;
                        }

                        next_index = found_key.offset + 1;

                        di = btrfs_item_ptr(leaf, path->slots[0], struct btrfs_dir_item);
                        type = btrfs_dir_ftype(leaf, di);
                        if (btrfs_dir_transid(leaf, di) < trans->transid)
                                continue;
                        btrfs_dir_item_key_to_cpu(leaf, di, &di_key);
                        if (di_key.type == BTRFS_ROOT_ITEM_KEY)
                                continue;

                        btrfs_release_path(path);
                        di_inode = btrfs_iget(fs_info->sb, di_key.objectid, root);
                        if (IS_ERR(di_inode)) {
                                ret = PTR_ERR(di_inode);
                                goto out;
                        }

                        if (!need_log_inode(trans, BTRFS_I(di_inode))) {
                                btrfs_add_delayed_iput(BTRFS_I(di_inode));
                                break;
                        }

                        ctx->log_new_dentries = false;
                        if (type == BTRFS_FT_DIR)
                                log_mode = LOG_INODE_ALL;
                        ret = btrfs_log_inode(trans, BTRFS_I(di_inode),
                                              log_mode, ctx);
                        btrfs_add_delayed_iput(BTRFS_I(di_inode));
                        if (ret)
                                goto out;
                        if (ctx->log_new_dentries) {
                                dir_elem = kmalloc(sizeof(*dir_elem), GFP_NOFS);
                                if (!dir_elem) {
                                        ret = -ENOMEM;
                                        goto out;
                                }
                                dir_elem->ino = di_key.objectid;
                                list_add_tail(&dir_elem->list, &dir_list);
                        }
                        break;
                }

                btrfs_release_path(path);

                if (iter_ret < 0) {
                        ret = iter_ret;
                        goto out;
                } else if (iter_ret > 0) {
                        continue_curr_inode = false;
                } else {
                        key = found_key;
                }

                if (continue_curr_inode && key.offset < (u64)-1) {
                        key.offset++;
                        goto again;
                }

                btrfs_set_first_dir_index_to_log(curr_inode, next_index);

                if (list_empty(&dir_list))
                        break;

                dir_elem = list_first_entry(&dir_list, struct btrfs_dir_list, list);
                ino = dir_elem->ino;
                list_del(&dir_elem->list);
                kfree(dir_elem);

                btrfs_add_delayed_iput(curr_inode);
                curr_inode = NULL;

                vfs_inode = btrfs_iget(fs_info->sb, ino, root);
                if (IS_ERR(vfs_inode)) {
                        ret = PTR_ERR(vfs_inode);
                        break;
                }
                curr_inode = BTRFS_I(vfs_inode);
        }
out:
        btrfs_free_path(path);
        if (curr_inode)
                btrfs_add_delayed_iput(curr_inode);

        if (ret) {
                struct btrfs_dir_list *next;

                list_for_each_entry_safe(dir_elem, next, &dir_list, list)
                        kfree(dir_elem);
        }

        return ret;
}

struct btrfs_ino_list {
        u64 ino;
        u64 parent;
        struct list_head list;
};

static void free_conflicting_inodes(struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        struct btrfs_ino_list *curr;
        struct btrfs_ino_list *next;

        list_for_each_entry_safe(curr, next, &ctx->conflict_inodes, list) {
                list_del(&curr->list);
                kfree(curr);
        }
}

static int conflicting_inode_is_dir(struct btrfs_root *root, u64 ino,
                                    struct btrfs_path *path)
{
        struct btrfs_key key;
        int ret;

        key.objectid = ino;
        key.type = BTRFS_INODE_ITEM_KEY;
        key.offset = 0;

        path->search_commit_root = 1;
        path->skip_locking = 1;

        ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, &key, path, 0, 0);
        if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ret > 0)) {
                /*
                 * We have previously found the inode through the commit root
                 * so this should not happen. If it does, just error out and
                 * fallback to a transaction commit.
                 */
                ret = -ENOENT;
        } else if (ret == 0) {
                struct btrfs_inode_item *item;

                item = btrfs_item_ptr(path->nodes[0], path->slots[0],
                                      struct btrfs_inode_item);
                if (S_ISDIR(btrfs_inode_mode(path->nodes[0], item)))
                        ret = 1;
        }

        btrfs_release_path(path);
        path->search_commit_root = 0;
        path->skip_locking = 0;

        return ret;
}

static int add_conflicting_inode(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                 struct btrfs_root *root,
                                 struct btrfs_path *path,
                                 u64 ino, u64 parent,
                                 struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        struct btrfs_ino_list *ino_elem;
        struct inode *inode;

        /*
         * It's rare to have a lot of conflicting inodes, in practice it is not
         * common to have more than 1 or 2. We don't want to collect too many,
         * as we could end up logging too many inodes (even if only in
         * LOG_INODE_EXISTS mode) and slow down other fsyncs or transaction
         * commits.
         */
        if (ctx->num_conflict_inodes >= MAX_CONFLICT_INODES)
                return BTRFS_LOG_FORCE_COMMIT;

        inode = btrfs_iget(root->fs_info->sb, ino, root);
        /*
         * If the other inode that had a conflicting dir entry was deleted in
         * the current transaction then we either:
         *
         * 1) Log the parent directory (later after adding it to the list) if
         *    the inode is a directory. This is because it may be a deleted
         *    subvolume/snapshot or it may be a regular directory that had
         *    deleted subvolumes/snapshots (or subdirectories that had them),
         *    and at the moment we can't deal with dropping subvolumes/snapshots
         *    during log replay. So we just log the parent, which will result in
         *    a fallback to a transaction commit if we are dealing with those
         *    cases (last_unlink_trans will match the current transaction);
         *
         * 2) Do nothing if it's not a directory. During log replay we simply
         *    unlink the conflicting dentry from the parent directory and then
         *    add the dentry for our inode. Like this we can avoid logging the
         *    parent directory (and maybe fallback to a transaction commit in
         *    case it has a last_unlink_trans == trans->transid, due to moving
         *    some inode from it to some other directory).
         */
        if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
                int ret = PTR_ERR(inode);

                if (ret != -ENOENT)
                        return ret;

                ret = conflicting_inode_is_dir(root, ino, path);
                /* Not a directory or we got an error. */
                if (ret <= 0)
                        return ret;

                /* Conflicting inode is a directory, so we'll log its parent. */
                ino_elem = kmalloc(sizeof(*ino_elem), GFP_NOFS);
                if (!ino_elem)
                        return -ENOMEM;
                ino_elem->ino = ino;
                ino_elem->parent = parent;
                list_add_tail(&ino_elem->list, &ctx->conflict_inodes);
                ctx->num_conflict_inodes++;

                return 0;
        }

        /*
         * If the inode was already logged skip it - otherwise we can hit an
         * infinite loop. Example:
         *
         * From the commit root (previous transaction) we have the following
         * inodes:
         *
         * inode 257 a directory
         * inode 258 with references "zz" and "zz_link" on inode 257
         * inode 259 with reference "a" on inode 257
         *
         * And in the current (uncommitted) transaction we have:
         *
         * inode 257 a directory, unchanged
         * inode 258 with references "a" and "a2" on inode 257
         * inode 259 with reference "zz_link" on inode 257
         * inode 261 with reference "zz" on inode 257
         *
         * When logging inode 261 the following infinite loop could
         * happen if we don't skip already logged inodes:
         *
         * - we detect inode 258 as a conflicting inode, with inode 261
         *   on reference "zz", and log it;
         *
         * - we detect inode 259 as a conflicting inode, with inode 258
         *   on reference "a", and log it;
         *
         * - we detect inode 258 as a conflicting inode, with inode 259
         *   on reference "zz_link", and log it - again! After this we
         *   repeat the above steps forever.
         *
         * Here we can use need_log_inode() because we only need to log the
         * inode in LOG_INODE_EXISTS mode and rename operations update the log,
         * so that the log ends up with the new name and without the old name.
         */
        if (!need_log_inode(trans, BTRFS_I(inode))) {
                btrfs_add_delayed_iput(BTRFS_I(inode));
                return 0;
        }

        btrfs_add_delayed_iput(BTRFS_I(inode));

        ino_elem = kmalloc(sizeof(*ino_elem), GFP_NOFS);
        if (!ino_elem)
                return -ENOMEM;
        ino_elem->ino = ino;
        ino_elem->parent = parent;
        list_add_tail(&ino_elem->list, &ctx->conflict_inodes);
        ctx->num_conflict_inodes++;

        return 0;
}

static int log_conflicting_inodes(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                  struct btrfs_root *root,
                                  struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
        int ret = 0;

        /*
         * Conflicting inodes are logged by the first call to btrfs_log_inode(),
         * otherwise we could have unbounded recursion of btrfs_log_inode()
         * calls. This check guarantees we can have only 1 level of recursion.
         */
        if (ctx->logging_conflict_inodes)
                return 0;

        ctx->logging_conflict_inodes = true;

        /*
         * New conflicting inodes may be found and added to the list while we
         * are logging a conflicting inode, so keep iterating while the list is
         * not empty.
         */
        while (!list_empty(&ctx->conflict_inodes)) {
                struct btrfs_ino_list *curr;
                struct inode *inode;
                u64 ino;
                u64 parent;

                curr = list_first_entry(&ctx->conflict_inodes,
                                        struct btrfs_ino_list, list);
                ino = curr->ino;
                parent = curr->parent;
                list_del(&curr->list);
                kfree(curr);

                inode = btrfs_iget(fs_info->sb, ino, root);
                /*
                 * If the other inode that had a conflicting dir entry was
                 * deleted in the current transaction, we need to log its parent
                 * directory. See the comment at add_conflicting_inode().
                 */
                if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
                        ret = PTR_ERR(inode);
                        if (ret != -ENOENT)
                                break;

                        inode = btrfs_iget(fs_info->sb, parent, root);
                        if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
                                ret = PTR_ERR(inode);
                                break;
                        }

                        /*
                         * Always log the directory, we cannot make this
                         * conditional on need_log_inode() because the directory
                         * might have been logged in LOG_INODE_EXISTS mode or
                         * the dir index of the conflicting inode is not in a
                         * dir index key range logged for the directory. So we
                         * must make sure the deletion is recorded.
                         */
                        ret = btrfs_log_inode(trans, BTRFS_I(inode),
                                              LOG_INODE_ALL, ctx);
                        btrfs_add_delayed_iput(BTRFS_I(inode));
                        if (ret)
                                break;
                        continue;
                }

                /*
                 * Here we can use need_log_inode() because we only need to log
                 * the inode in LOG_INODE_EXISTS mode and rename operations
                 * update the log, so that the log ends up with the new name and
                 * without the old name.
                 *
                 * We did this check at add_conflicting_inode(), but here we do
                 * it again because if some other task logged the inode after
                 * that, we can avoid doing it again.
                 */
                if (!need_log_inode(trans, BTRFS_I(inode))) {
                        btrfs_add_delayed_iput(BTRFS_I(inode));
                        continue;
                }

                /*
                 * We are safe logging the other inode without acquiring its
                 * lock as long as we log with the LOG_INODE_EXISTS mode. We
                 * are safe against concurrent renames of the other inode as
                 * well because during a rename we pin the log and update the
                 * log with the new name before we unpin it.
                 */
                ret = btrfs_log_inode(trans, BTRFS_I(inode), LOG_INODE_EXISTS, ctx);
                btrfs_add_delayed_iput(BTRFS_I(inode));
                if (ret)
                        break;
        }

        ctx->logging_conflict_inodes = false;
        if (ret)
                free_conflicting_inodes(ctx);

        return ret;
}

static int copy_inode_items_to_log(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                   struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                   struct btrfs_key *min_key,
                                   const struct btrfs_key *max_key,
                                   struct btrfs_path *path,
                                   struct btrfs_path *dst_path,
                                   const u64 logged_isize,
                                   const int inode_only,
                                   struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx,
                                   bool *need_log_inode_item)
{
        const u64 i_size = i_size_read(&inode->vfs_inode);
        struct btrfs_root *root = inode->root;
        int ins_start_slot = 0;
        int ins_nr = 0;
        int ret;

        while (1) {
                ret = btrfs_search_forward(root, min_key, path, trans->transid);
                if (ret < 0)
                        return ret;
                if (ret > 0) {
                        ret = 0;
                        break;
                }
again:
                /* Note, ins_nr might be > 0 here, cleanup outside the loop */
                if (min_key->objectid != max_key->objectid)
                        break;
                if (min_key->type > max_key->type)
                        break;

                if (min_key->type == BTRFS_INODE_ITEM_KEY) {
                        *need_log_inode_item = false;
                } else if (min_key->type == BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY &&
                           min_key->offset >= i_size) {
                        /*
                         * Extents at and beyond eof are logged with
                         * btrfs_log_prealloc_extents().
                         * Only regular files have BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY keys,
                         * and no keys greater than that, so bail out.
                         */
                        break;
                } else if ((min_key->type == BTRFS_INODE_REF_KEY ||
                            min_key->type == BTRFS_INODE_EXTREF_KEY) &&
                           (inode->generation == trans->transid ||
                            ctx->logging_conflict_inodes)) {
                        u64 other_ino = 0;
                        u64 other_parent = 0;

                        ret = btrfs_check_ref_name_override(path->nodes[0],
                                        path->slots[0], min_key, inode,
                                        &other_ino, &other_parent);
                        if (ret < 0) {
                                return ret;
                        } else if (ret > 0 &&
                                   other_ino != btrfs_ino(BTRFS_I(ctx->inode))) {
                                if (ins_nr > 0) {
                                        ins_nr++;
                                } else {
                                        ins_nr = 1;
                                        ins_start_slot = path->slots[0];
                                }
                                ret = copy_items(trans, inode, dst_path, path,
                                                 ins_start_slot, ins_nr,
                                                 inode_only, logged_isize);
                                if (ret < 0)
                                        return ret;
                                ins_nr = 0;

                                btrfs_release_path(path);
                                ret = add_conflicting_inode(trans, root, path,
                                                            other_ino,
                                                            other_parent, ctx);
                                if (ret)
                                        return ret;
                                goto next_key;
                        }
                } else if (min_key->type == BTRFS_XATTR_ITEM_KEY) {
                        /* Skip xattrs, logged later with btrfs_log_all_xattrs() */
                        if (ins_nr == 0)
                                goto next_slot;
                        ret = copy_items(trans, inode, dst_path, path,
                                         ins_start_slot,
                                         ins_nr, inode_only, logged_isize);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                return ret;
                        ins_nr = 0;
                        goto next_slot;
                }

                if (ins_nr && ins_start_slot + ins_nr == path->slots[0]) {
                        ins_nr++;
                        goto next_slot;
                } else if (!ins_nr) {
                        ins_start_slot = path->slots[0];
                        ins_nr = 1;
                        goto next_slot;
                }

                ret = copy_items(trans, inode, dst_path, path, ins_start_slot,
                                 ins_nr, inode_only, logged_isize);
                if (ret < 0)
                        return ret;
                ins_nr = 1;
                ins_start_slot = path->slots[0];
next_slot:
                path->slots[0]++;
                if (path->slots[0] < btrfs_header_nritems(path->nodes[0])) {
                        btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], min_key,
                                              path->slots[0]);
                        goto again;
                }
                if (ins_nr) {
                        ret = copy_items(trans, inode, dst_path, path,
                                         ins_start_slot, ins_nr, inode_only,
                                         logged_isize);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                return ret;
                        ins_nr = 0;
                }
                btrfs_release_path(path);
next_key:
                if (min_key->offset < (u64)-1) {
                        min_key->offset++;
                } else if (min_key->type < max_key->type) {
                        min_key->type++;
                        min_key->offset = 0;
                } else {
                        break;
                }

                /*
                 * We may process many leaves full of items for our inode, so
                 * avoid monopolizing a cpu for too long by rescheduling while
                 * not holding locks on any tree.
                 */
                cond_resched();
        }
        if (ins_nr) {
                ret = copy_items(trans, inode, dst_path, path, ins_start_slot,
                                 ins_nr, inode_only, logged_isize);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
        }

        if (inode_only == LOG_INODE_ALL && S_ISREG(inode->vfs_inode.i_mode)) {
                /*
                 * Release the path because otherwise we might attempt to double
                 * lock the same leaf with btrfs_log_prealloc_extents() below.
                 */
                btrfs_release_path(path);
                ret = btrfs_log_prealloc_extents(trans, inode, dst_path);
        }

        return ret;
}

static int insert_delayed_items_batch(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                      struct btrfs_root *log,
                                      struct btrfs_path *path,
                                      const struct btrfs_item_batch *batch,
                                      const struct btrfs_delayed_item *first_item)
{
        const struct btrfs_delayed_item *curr = first_item;
        int ret;

        ret = btrfs_insert_empty_items(trans, log, path, batch);
        if (ret)
                return ret;

        for (int i = 0; i < batch->nr; i++) {
                char *data_ptr;

                data_ptr = btrfs_item_ptr(path->nodes[0], path->slots[0], char);
                write_extent_buffer(path->nodes[0], &curr->data,
                                    (unsigned long)data_ptr, curr->data_len);
                curr = list_next_entry(curr, log_list);
                path->slots[0]++;
        }

        btrfs_release_path(path);

        return 0;
}

static int log_delayed_insertion_items(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                       struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                       struct btrfs_path *path,
                                       const struct list_head *delayed_ins_list,
                                       struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        /* 195 (4095 bytes of keys and sizes) fits in a single 4K page. */
        const int max_batch_size = 195;
        const int leaf_data_size = BTRFS_LEAF_DATA_SIZE(trans->fs_info);
        const u64 ino = btrfs_ino(inode);
        struct btrfs_root *log = inode->root->log_root;
        struct btrfs_item_batch batch = {
                .nr = 0,
                .total_data_size = 0,
        };
        const struct btrfs_delayed_item *first = NULL;
        const struct btrfs_delayed_item *curr;
        char *ins_data;
        struct btrfs_key *ins_keys;
        u32 *ins_sizes;
        u64 curr_batch_size = 0;
        int batch_idx = 0;
        int ret;

        /* We are adding dir index items to the log tree. */
        lockdep_assert_held(&inode->log_mutex);

        /*
         * We collect delayed items before copying index keys from the subvolume
         * to the log tree. However just after we collected them, they may have
         * been flushed (all of them or just some of them), and therefore we
         * could have copied them from the subvolume tree to the log tree.
         * So find the first delayed item that was not yet logged (they are
         * sorted by index number).
         */
        list_for_each_entry(curr, delayed_ins_list, log_list) {
                if (curr->index > inode->last_dir_index_offset) {
                        first = curr;
                        break;
                }
        }

        /* Empty list or all delayed items were already logged. */
        if (!first)
                return 0;

        ins_data = kmalloc(max_batch_size * sizeof(u32) +
                           max_batch_size * sizeof(struct btrfs_key), GFP_NOFS);
        if (!ins_data)
                return -ENOMEM;
        ins_sizes = (u32 *)ins_data;
        batch.data_sizes = ins_sizes;
        ins_keys = (struct btrfs_key *)(ins_data + max_batch_size * sizeof(u32));
        batch.keys = ins_keys;

        curr = first;
        while (!list_entry_is_head(curr, delayed_ins_list, log_list)) {
                const u32 curr_size = curr->data_len + sizeof(struct btrfs_item);

                if (curr_batch_size + curr_size > leaf_data_size ||
                    batch.nr == max_batch_size) {
                        ret = insert_delayed_items_batch(trans, log, path,
                                                         &batch, first);
                        if (ret)
                                goto out;
                        batch_idx = 0;
                        batch.nr = 0;
                        batch.total_data_size = 0;
                        curr_batch_size = 0;
                        first = curr;
                }

                ins_sizes[batch_idx] = curr->data_len;
                ins_keys[batch_idx].objectid = ino;
                ins_keys[batch_idx].type = BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY;
                ins_keys[batch_idx].offset = curr->index;
                curr_batch_size += curr_size;
                batch.total_data_size += curr->data_len;
                batch.nr++;
                batch_idx++;
                curr = list_next_entry(curr, log_list);
        }

        ASSERT(batch.nr >= 1);
        ret = insert_delayed_items_batch(trans, log, path, &batch, first);

        curr = list_last_entry(delayed_ins_list, struct btrfs_delayed_item,
                               log_list);
        inode->last_dir_index_offset = curr->index;
out:
        kfree(ins_data);

        return ret;
}

static int log_delayed_deletions_full(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                      struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                      struct btrfs_path *path,
                                      const struct list_head *delayed_del_list,
                                      struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        const u64 ino = btrfs_ino(inode);
        const struct btrfs_delayed_item *curr;

        curr = list_first_entry(delayed_del_list, struct btrfs_delayed_item,
                                log_list);

        while (!list_entry_is_head(curr, delayed_del_list, log_list)) {
                u64 first_dir_index = curr->index;
                u64 last_dir_index;
                const struct btrfs_delayed_item *next;
                int ret;

                /*
                 * Find a range of consecutive dir index items to delete. Like
                 * this we log a single dir range item spanning several contiguous
                 * dir items instead of logging one range item per dir index item.
                 */
                next = list_next_entry(curr, log_list);
                while (!list_entry_is_head(next, delayed_del_list, log_list)) {
                        if (next->index != curr->index + 1)
                                break;
                        curr = next;
                        next = list_next_entry(next, log_list);
                }

                last_dir_index = curr->index;
                ASSERT(last_dir_index >= first_dir_index);

                ret = insert_dir_log_key(trans, inode->root->log_root, path,
                                         ino, first_dir_index, last_dir_index);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
                curr = list_next_entry(curr, log_list);
        }

        return 0;
}

static int batch_delete_dir_index_items(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                        struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                        struct btrfs_path *path,
                                        struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx,
                                        const struct list_head *delayed_del_list,
                                        const struct btrfs_delayed_item *first,
                                        const struct btrfs_delayed_item **last_ret)
{
        const struct btrfs_delayed_item *next;
        struct extent_buffer *leaf = path->nodes[0];
        const int last_slot = btrfs_header_nritems(leaf) - 1;
        int slot = path->slots[0] + 1;
        const u64 ino = btrfs_ino(inode);

        next = list_next_entry(first, log_list);

        while (slot < last_slot &&
               !list_entry_is_head(next, delayed_del_list, log_list)) {
                struct btrfs_key key;

                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(leaf, &key, slot);
                if (key.objectid != ino ||
                    key.type != BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY ||
                    key.offset != next->index)
                        break;

                slot++;
                *last_ret = next;
                next = list_next_entry(next, log_list);
        }

        return btrfs_del_items(trans, inode->root->log_root, path,
                               path->slots[0], slot - path->slots[0]);
}

static int log_delayed_deletions_incremental(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                             struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                             struct btrfs_path *path,
                                             const struct list_head *delayed_del_list,
                                             struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        struct btrfs_root *log = inode->root->log_root;
        const struct btrfs_delayed_item *curr;
        u64 last_range_start = 0;
        u64 last_range_end = 0;
        struct btrfs_key key;

        key.objectid = btrfs_ino(inode);
        key.type = BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY;
        curr = list_first_entry(delayed_del_list, struct btrfs_delayed_item,
                                log_list);

        while (!list_entry_is_head(curr, delayed_del_list, log_list)) {
                const struct btrfs_delayed_item *last = curr;
                u64 first_dir_index = curr->index;
                u64 last_dir_index;
                bool deleted_items = false;
                int ret;

                key.offset = curr->index;
                ret = btrfs_search_slot(trans, log, &key, path, -1, 1);
                if (ret < 0) {
                        return ret;
                } else if (ret == 0) {
                        ret = batch_delete_dir_index_items(trans, inode, path, ctx,
                                                           delayed_del_list, curr,
                                                           &last);
                        if (ret)
                                return ret;
                        deleted_items = true;
                }

                btrfs_release_path(path);

                /*
                 * If we deleted items from the leaf, it means we have a range
                 * item logging their range, so no need to add one or update an
                 * existing one. Otherwise we have to log a dir range item.
                 */
                if (deleted_items)
                        goto next_batch;

                last_dir_index = last->index;
                ASSERT(last_dir_index >= first_dir_index);
                /*
                 * If this range starts right after where the previous one ends,
                 * then we want to reuse the previous range item and change its
                 * end offset to the end of this range. This is just to minimize
                 * leaf space usage, by avoiding adding a new range item.
                 */
                if (last_range_end != 0 && first_dir_index == last_range_end + 1)
                        first_dir_index = last_range_start;

                ret = insert_dir_log_key(trans, log, path, key.objectid,
                                         first_dir_index, last_dir_index);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;

                last_range_start = first_dir_index;
                last_range_end = last_dir_index;
next_batch:
                curr = list_next_entry(last, log_list);
        }

        return 0;
}

static int log_delayed_deletion_items(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                      struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                      struct btrfs_path *path,
                                      const struct list_head *delayed_del_list,
                                      struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        /*
         * We are deleting dir index items from the log tree or adding range
         * items to it.
         */
        lockdep_assert_held(&inode->log_mutex);

        if (list_empty(delayed_del_list))
                return 0;

        if (ctx->logged_before)
                return log_delayed_deletions_incremental(trans, inode, path,
                                                         delayed_del_list, ctx);

        return log_delayed_deletions_full(trans, inode, path, delayed_del_list,
                                          ctx);
}

/*
 * Similar logic as for log_new_dir_dentries(), but it iterates over the delayed
 * items instead of the subvolume tree.
 */
static int log_new_delayed_dentries(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                    struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                    const struct list_head *delayed_ins_list,
                                    struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        const bool orig_log_new_dentries = ctx->log_new_dentries;
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
        struct btrfs_delayed_item *item;
        int ret = 0;

        /*
         * No need for the log mutex, plus to avoid potential deadlocks or
         * lockdep annotations due to nesting of delayed inode mutexes and log
         * mutexes.
         */
        lockdep_assert_not_held(&inode->log_mutex);

        ASSERT(!ctx->logging_new_delayed_dentries);
        ctx->logging_new_delayed_dentries = true;

        list_for_each_entry(item, delayed_ins_list, log_list) {
                struct btrfs_dir_item *dir_item;
                struct inode *di_inode;
                struct btrfs_key key;
                int log_mode = LOG_INODE_EXISTS;

                dir_item = (struct btrfs_dir_item *)item->data;
                btrfs_disk_key_to_cpu(&key, &dir_item->location);

                if (key.type == BTRFS_ROOT_ITEM_KEY)
                        continue;

                di_inode = btrfs_iget(fs_info->sb, key.objectid, inode->root);
                if (IS_ERR(di_inode)) {
                        ret = PTR_ERR(di_inode);
                        break;
                }

                if (!need_log_inode(trans, BTRFS_I(di_inode))) {
                        btrfs_add_delayed_iput(BTRFS_I(di_inode));
                        continue;
                }

                if (btrfs_stack_dir_ftype(dir_item) == BTRFS_FT_DIR)
                        log_mode = LOG_INODE_ALL;

                ctx->log_new_dentries = false;
                ret = btrfs_log_inode(trans, BTRFS_I(di_inode), log_mode, ctx);

                if (!ret && ctx->log_new_dentries)
                        ret = log_new_dir_dentries(trans, BTRFS_I(di_inode), ctx);

                btrfs_add_delayed_iput(BTRFS_I(di_inode));

                if (ret)
                        break;
        }

        ctx->log_new_dentries = orig_log_new_dentries;
        ctx->logging_new_delayed_dentries = false;

        return ret;
}

/* log a single inode in the tree log.
 * At least one parent directory for this inode must exist in the tree
 * or be logged already.
 *
 * Any items from this inode changed by the current transaction are copied
 * to the log tree.  An extra reference is taken on any extents in this
 * file, allowing us to avoid a whole pile of corner cases around logging
 * blocks that have been removed from the tree.
 *
 * See LOG_INODE_ALL and related defines for a description of what inode_only
 * does.
 *
 * This handles both files and directories.
 */
static int btrfs_log_inode(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                           struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                           int inode_only,
                           struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        struct btrfs_path *path;
        struct btrfs_path *dst_path;
        struct btrfs_key min_key;
        struct btrfs_key max_key;
        struct btrfs_root *log = inode->root->log_root;
        int ret;
        bool fast_search = false;
        u64 ino = btrfs_ino(inode);
        struct extent_map_tree *em_tree = &inode->extent_tree;
        u64 logged_isize = 0;
        bool need_log_inode_item = true;
        bool xattrs_logged = false;
        bool inode_item_dropped = true;
        bool full_dir_logging = false;
        LIST_HEAD(delayed_ins_list);
        LIST_HEAD(delayed_del_list);

        path = btrfs_alloc_path();
        if (!path)
                return -ENOMEM;
        dst_path = btrfs_alloc_path();
        if (!dst_path) {
                btrfs_free_path(path);
                return -ENOMEM;
        }

        min_key.objectid = ino;
        min_key.type = BTRFS_INODE_ITEM_KEY;
        min_key.offset = 0;

        max_key.objectid = ino;


        /* today the code can only do partial logging of directories */
        if (S_ISDIR(inode->vfs_inode.i_mode) ||
            (!test_bit(BTRFS_INODE_NEEDS_FULL_SYNC,
                       &inode->runtime_flags) &&
             inode_only >= LOG_INODE_EXISTS))
                max_key.type = BTRFS_XATTR_ITEM_KEY;
        else
                max_key.type = (u8)-1;
        max_key.offset = (u64)-1;

        if (S_ISDIR(inode->vfs_inode.i_mode) && inode_only == LOG_INODE_ALL)
                full_dir_logging = true;

        /*
         * If we are logging a directory while we are logging dentries of the
         * delayed items of some other inode, then we need to flush the delayed
         * items of this directory and not log the delayed items directly. This
         * is to prevent more than one level of recursion into btrfs_log_inode()
         * by having something like this:
         *
         *     $ mkdir -p a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/...
         *     $ xfs_io -c "fsync" a
         *
         * Where all directories in the path did not exist before and are
         * created in the current transaction.
         * So in such a case we directly log the delayed items of the main
         * directory ("a") without flushing them first, while for each of its
         * subdirectories we flush their delayed items before logging them.
         * This prevents a potential unbounded recursion like this:
         *
         * btrfs_log_inode()
         *   log_new_delayed_dentries()
         *      btrfs_log_inode()
         *        log_new_delayed_dentries()
         *          btrfs_log_inode()
         *            log_new_delayed_dentries()
         *              (...)
         *
         * We have thresholds for the maximum number of delayed items to have in
         * memory, and once they are hit, the items are flushed asynchronously.
         * However the limit is quite high, so lets prevent deep levels of
         * recursion to happen by limiting the maximum depth to be 1.
         */
        if (full_dir_logging && ctx->logging_new_delayed_dentries) {
                ret = btrfs_commit_inode_delayed_items(trans, inode);
                if (ret)
                        goto out;
        }

        mutex_lock(&inode->log_mutex);

        /*
         * For symlinks, we must always log their content, which is stored in an
         * inline extent, otherwise we could end up with an empty symlink after
         * log replay, which is invalid on linux (symlink(2) returns -ENOENT if
         * one attempts to create an empty symlink).
         * We don't need to worry about flushing delalloc, because when we create
         * the inline extent when the symlink is created (we never have delalloc
         * for symlinks).
         */
        if (S_ISLNK(inode->vfs_inode.i_mode))
                inode_only = LOG_INODE_ALL;

        /*
         * Before logging the inode item, cache the value returned by
         * inode_logged(), because after that we have the need to figure out if
         * the inode was previously logged in this transaction.
         */
        ret = inode_logged(trans, inode, path);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out_unlock;
        ctx->logged_before = (ret == 1);
        ret = 0;

        /*
         * This is for cases where logging a directory could result in losing a
         * a file after replaying the log. For example, if we move a file from a
         * directory A to a directory B, then fsync directory A, we have no way
         * to known the file was moved from A to B, so logging just A would
         * result in losing the file after a log replay.
         */
        if (full_dir_logging && inode->last_unlink_trans >= trans->transid) {
                ret = BTRFS_LOG_FORCE_COMMIT;
                goto out_unlock;
        }

        /*
         * a brute force approach to making sure we get the most uptodate
         * copies of everything.
         */
        if (S_ISDIR(inode->vfs_inode.i_mode)) {
                clear_bit(BTRFS_INODE_COPY_EVERYTHING, &inode->runtime_flags);
                if (ctx->logged_before)
                        ret = drop_inode_items(trans, log, path, inode,
                                               BTRFS_XATTR_ITEM_KEY);
        } else {
                if (inode_only == LOG_INODE_EXISTS && ctx->logged_before) {
                        /*
                         * Make sure the new inode item we write to the log has
                         * the same isize as the current one (if it exists).
                         * This is necessary to prevent data loss after log
                         * replay, and also to prevent doing a wrong expanding
                         * truncate - for e.g. create file, write 4K into offset
                         * 0, fsync, write 4K into offset 4096, add hard link,
                         * fsync some other file (to sync log), power fail - if
                         * we use the inode's current i_size, after log replay
                         * we get a 8Kb file, with the last 4Kb extent as a hole
                         * (zeroes), as if an expanding truncate happened,
                         * instead of getting a file of 4Kb only.
                         */
                        ret = logged_inode_size(log, inode, path, &logged_isize);
                        if (ret)
                                goto out_unlock;
                }
                if (test_bit(BTRFS_INODE_NEEDS_FULL_SYNC,
                             &inode->runtime_flags)) {
                        if (inode_only == LOG_INODE_EXISTS) {
                                max_key.type = BTRFS_XATTR_ITEM_KEY;
                                if (ctx->logged_before)
                                        ret = drop_inode_items(trans, log, path,
                                                               inode, max_key.type);
                        } else {
                                clear_bit(BTRFS_INODE_NEEDS_FULL_SYNC,
                                          &inode->runtime_flags);
                                clear_bit(BTRFS_INODE_COPY_EVERYTHING,
                                          &inode->runtime_flags);
                                if (ctx->logged_before)
                                        ret = truncate_inode_items(trans, log,
                                                                   inode, 0, 0);
                        }
                } else if (test_and_clear_bit(BTRFS_INODE_COPY_EVERYTHING,
                                              &inode->runtime_flags) ||
                           inode_only == LOG_INODE_EXISTS) {
                        if (inode_only == LOG_INODE_ALL)
                                fast_search = true;
                        max_key.type = BTRFS_XATTR_ITEM_KEY;
                        if (ctx->logged_before)
                                ret = drop_inode_items(trans, log, path, inode,
                                                       max_key.type);
                } else {
                        if (inode_only == LOG_INODE_ALL)
                                fast_search = true;
                        inode_item_dropped = false;
                        goto log_extents;
                }

        }
        if (ret)
                goto out_unlock;

        /*
         * If we are logging a directory in full mode, collect the delayed items
         * before iterating the subvolume tree, so that we don't miss any new
         * dir index items in case they get flushed while or right after we are
         * iterating the subvolume tree.
         */
        if (full_dir_logging && !ctx->logging_new_delayed_dentries)
                btrfs_log_get_delayed_items(inode, &delayed_ins_list,
                                            &delayed_del_list);

        ret = copy_inode_items_to_log(trans, inode, &min_key, &max_key,
                                      path, dst_path, logged_isize,
                                      inode_only, ctx,
                                      &need_log_inode_item);
        if (ret)
                goto out_unlock;

        btrfs_release_path(path);
        btrfs_release_path(dst_path);
        ret = btrfs_log_all_xattrs(trans, inode, path, dst_path);
        if (ret)
                goto out_unlock;
        xattrs_logged = true;
        if (max_key.type >= BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY && !fast_search) {
                btrfs_release_path(path);
                btrfs_release_path(dst_path);
                ret = btrfs_log_holes(trans, inode, path);
                if (ret)
                        goto out_unlock;
        }
log_extents:
        btrfs_release_path(path);
        btrfs_release_path(dst_path);
        if (need_log_inode_item) {
                ret = log_inode_item(trans, log, dst_path, inode, inode_item_dropped);
                if (ret)
                        goto out_unlock;
                /*
                 * If we are doing a fast fsync and the inode was logged before
                 * in this transaction, we don't need to log the xattrs because
                 * they were logged before. If xattrs were added, changed or
                 * deleted since the last time we logged the inode, then we have
                 * already logged them because the inode had the runtime flag
                 * BTRFS_INODE_COPY_EVERYTHING set.
                 */
                if (!xattrs_logged && inode->logged_trans < trans->transid) {
                        ret = btrfs_log_all_xattrs(trans, inode, path, dst_path);
                        if (ret)
                                goto out_unlock;
                        btrfs_release_path(path);
                }
        }
        if (fast_search) {
                ret = btrfs_log_changed_extents(trans, inode, dst_path, ctx);
                if (ret)
                        goto out_unlock;
        } else if (inode_only == LOG_INODE_ALL) {
                struct extent_map *em, *n;

                write_lock(&em_tree->lock);
                list_for_each_entry_safe(em, n, &em_tree->modified_extents, list)
                        list_del_init(&em->list);
                write_unlock(&em_tree->lock);
        }

        if (full_dir_logging) {
                ret = log_directory_changes(trans, inode, path, dst_path, ctx);
                if (ret)
                        goto out_unlock;
                ret = log_delayed_insertion_items(trans, inode, path,
                                                  &delayed_ins_list, ctx);
                if (ret)
                        goto out_unlock;
                ret = log_delayed_deletion_items(trans, inode, path,
                                                 &delayed_del_list, ctx);
                if (ret)
                        goto out_unlock;
        }

        spin_lock(&inode->lock);
        inode->logged_trans = trans->transid;
        /*
         * Don't update last_log_commit if we logged that an inode exists.
         * We do this for three reasons:
         *
         * 1) We might have had buffered writes to this inode that were
         *    flushed and had their ordered extents completed in this
         *    transaction, but we did not previously log the inode with
         *    LOG_INODE_ALL. Later the inode was evicted and after that
         *    it was loaded again and this LOG_INODE_EXISTS log operation
         *    happened. We must make sure that if an explicit fsync against
         *    the inode is performed later, it logs the new extents, an
         *    updated inode item, etc, and syncs the log. The same logic
         *    applies to direct IO writes instead of buffered writes.
         *
         * 2) When we log the inode with LOG_INODE_EXISTS, its inode item
         *    is logged with an i_size of 0 or whatever value was logged
         *    before. If later the i_size of the inode is increased by a
         *    truncate operation, the log is synced through an fsync of
         *    some other inode and then finally an explicit fsync against
         *    this inode is made, we must make sure this fsync logs the
         *    inode with the new i_size, the hole between old i_size and
         *    the new i_size, and syncs the log.
         *
         * 3) If we are logging that an ancestor inode exists as part of
         *    logging a new name from a link or rename operation, don't update
         *    its last_log_commit - otherwise if an explicit fsync is made
         *    against an ancestor, the fsync considers the inode in the log
         *    and doesn't sync the log, resulting in the ancestor missing after
         *    a power failure unless the log was synced as part of an fsync
         *    against any other unrelated inode.
         */
        if (inode_only != LOG_INODE_EXISTS)
                inode->last_log_commit = inode->last_sub_trans;
        spin_unlock(&inode->lock);

        /*
         * Reset the last_reflink_trans so that the next fsync does not need to
         * go through the slower path when logging extents and their checksums.
         */
        if (inode_only == LOG_INODE_ALL)
                inode->last_reflink_trans = 0;

out_unlock:
        mutex_unlock(&inode->log_mutex);
out:
        btrfs_free_path(path);
        btrfs_free_path(dst_path);

        if (ret)
                free_conflicting_inodes(ctx);
        else
                ret = log_conflicting_inodes(trans, inode->root, ctx);

        if (full_dir_logging && !ctx->logging_new_delayed_dentries) {
                if (!ret)
                        ret = log_new_delayed_dentries(trans, inode,
                                                       &delayed_ins_list, ctx);

                btrfs_log_put_delayed_items(inode, &delayed_ins_list,
                                            &delayed_del_list);
        }

        return ret;
}

static int btrfs_log_all_parents(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                 struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                 struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
        int ret;
        struct btrfs_path *path;
        struct btrfs_key key;
        struct btrfs_root *root = inode->root;
        const u64 ino = btrfs_ino(inode);

        path = btrfs_alloc_path();
        if (!path)
                return -ENOMEM;
        path->skip_locking = 1;
        path->search_commit_root = 1;

        key.objectid = ino;
        key.type = BTRFS_INODE_REF_KEY;
        key.offset = 0;
        ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, &key, path, 0, 0);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;

        while (true) {
                struct extent_buffer *leaf = path->nodes[0];
                int slot = path->slots[0];
                u32 cur_offset = 0;
                u32 item_size;
                unsigned long ptr;

                if (slot >= btrfs_header_nritems(leaf)) {
                        ret = btrfs_next_leaf(root, path);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                goto out;
                        else if (ret > 0)
                                break;
                        continue;
                }

                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(leaf, &key, slot);
                /* BTRFS_INODE_EXTREF_KEY is BTRFS_INODE_REF_KEY + 1 */
                if (key.objectid != ino || key.type > BTRFS_INODE_EXTREF_KEY)
                        break;

                item_size = btrfs_item_size(leaf, slot);
                ptr = btrfs_item_ptr_offset(leaf, slot);
                while (cur_offset < item_size) {
                        struct btrfs_key inode_key;
                        struct inode *dir_inode;

                        inode_key.type = BTRFS_INODE_ITEM_KEY;
                        inode_key.offset = 0;

                        if (key.type == BTRFS_INODE_EXTREF_KEY) {
                                struct btrfs_inode_extref *extref;

                                extref = (struct btrfs_inode_extref *)
                                        (ptr + cur_offset);
                                inode_key.objectid = btrfs_inode_extref_parent(
                                        leaf, extref);
                                cur_offset += sizeof(*extref);
                                cur_offset += btrfs_inode_extref_name_len(leaf,
                                        extref);
                        } else {
                                inode_key.objectid = key.offset;
                                cur_offset = item_size;
                        }

                        dir_inode = btrfs_iget(fs_info->sb, inode_key.objectid,
                                               root);
                        /*
                         * If the parent inode was deleted, return an error to
                         * fallback to a transaction commit. This is to prevent
                         * getting an inode that was moved from one parent A to
                         * a parent B, got its former parent A deleted and then
                         * it got fsync'ed, from existing at both parents after
                         * a log replay (and the old parent still existing).
                         * Example:
                         *
                         * mkdir /mnt/A
                         * mkdir /mnt/B
                         * touch /mnt/B/bar
                         * sync
                         * mv /mnt/B/bar /mnt/A/bar
                         * mv -T /mnt/A /mnt/B
                         * fsync /mnt/B/bar
                         * <power fail>
                         *
                         * If we ignore the old parent B which got deleted,
                         * after a log replay we would have file bar linked
                         * at both parents and the old parent B would still
                         * exist.
                         */
                        if (IS_ERR(dir_inode)) {
                                ret = PTR_ERR(dir_inode);
                                goto out;
                        }

                        if (!need_log_inode(trans, BTRFS_I(dir_inode))) {
                                btrfs_add_delayed_iput(BTRFS_I(dir_inode));
                                continue;
                        }

                        ctx->log_new_dentries = false;
                        ret = btrfs_log_inode(trans, BTRFS_I(dir_inode),
                                              LOG_INODE_ALL, ctx);
                        if (!ret && ctx->log_new_dentries)
                                ret = log_new_dir_dentries(trans,
                                                   BTRFS_I(dir_inode), ctx);
                        btrfs_add_delayed_iput(BTRFS_I(dir_inode));
                        if (ret)
                                goto out;
                }
                path->slots[0]++;
        }
        ret = 0;
out:
        btrfs_free_path(path);
        return ret;
}

static int log_new_ancestors(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                             struct btrfs_root *root,
                             struct btrfs_path *path,
                             struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        struct btrfs_key found_key;

        btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], &found_key, path->slots[0]);

        while (true) {
                struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
                struct extent_buffer *leaf;
                int slot;
                struct btrfs_key search_key;
                struct inode *inode;
                u64 ino;
                int ret = 0;

                btrfs_release_path(path);

                ino = found_key.offset;

                search_key.objectid = found_key.offset;
                search_key.type = BTRFS_INODE_ITEM_KEY;
                search_key.offset = 0;
                inode = btrfs_iget(fs_info->sb, ino, root);
                if (IS_ERR(inode))
                        return PTR_ERR(inode);

                if (BTRFS_I(inode)->generation >= trans->transid &&
                    need_log_inode(trans, BTRFS_I(inode)))
                        ret = btrfs_log_inode(trans, BTRFS_I(inode),
                                              LOG_INODE_EXISTS, ctx);
                btrfs_add_delayed_iput(BTRFS_I(inode));
                if (ret)
                        return ret;

                if (search_key.objectid == BTRFS_FIRST_FREE_OBJECTID)
                        break;

                search_key.type = BTRFS_INODE_REF_KEY;
                ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, &search_key, path, 0, 0);
                if (ret < 0)
                        return ret;

                leaf = path->nodes[0];
                slot = path->slots[0];
                if (slot >= btrfs_header_nritems(leaf)) {
                        ret = btrfs_next_leaf(root, path);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                return ret;
                        else if (ret > 0)
                                return -ENOENT;
                        leaf = path->nodes[0];
                        slot = path->slots[0];
                }

                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(leaf, &found_key, slot);
                if (found_key.objectid != search_key.objectid ||
                    found_key.type != BTRFS_INODE_REF_KEY)
                        return -ENOENT;
        }
        return 0;
}

static int log_new_ancestors_fast(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                  struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                  struct dentry *parent,
                                  struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        struct btrfs_root *root = inode->root;
        struct dentry *old_parent = NULL;
        struct super_block *sb = inode->vfs_inode.i_sb;
        int ret = 0;

        while (true) {
                if (!parent || d_really_is_negative(parent) ||
                    sb != parent->d_sb)
                        break;

                inode = BTRFS_I(d_inode(parent));
                if (root != inode->root)
                        break;

                if (inode->generation >= trans->transid &&
                    need_log_inode(trans, inode)) {
                        ret = btrfs_log_inode(trans, inode,
                                              LOG_INODE_EXISTS, ctx);
                        if (ret)
                                break;
                }
                if (IS_ROOT(parent))
                        break;

                parent = dget_parent(parent);
                dput(old_parent);
                old_parent = parent;
        }
        dput(old_parent);

        return ret;
}

static int log_all_new_ancestors(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                 struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                 struct dentry *parent,
                                 struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        struct btrfs_root *root = inode->root;
        const u64 ino = btrfs_ino(inode);
        struct btrfs_path *path;
        struct btrfs_key search_key;
        int ret;

        /*
         * For a single hard link case, go through a fast path that does not
         * need to iterate the fs/subvolume tree.
         */
        if (inode->vfs_inode.i_nlink < 2)
                return log_new_ancestors_fast(trans, inode, parent, ctx);

        path = btrfs_alloc_path();
        if (!path)
                return -ENOMEM;

        search_key.objectid = ino;
        search_key.type = BTRFS_INODE_REF_KEY;
        search_key.offset = 0;
again:
        ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, &search_key, path, 0, 0);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;
        if (ret == 0)
                path->slots[0]++;

        while (true) {
                struct extent_buffer *leaf = path->nodes[0];
                int slot = path->slots[0];
                struct btrfs_key found_key;

                if (slot >= btrfs_header_nritems(leaf)) {
                        ret = btrfs_next_leaf(root, path);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                goto out;
                        else if (ret > 0)
                                break;
                        continue;
                }

                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(leaf, &found_key, slot);
                if (found_key.objectid != ino ||
                    found_key.type > BTRFS_INODE_EXTREF_KEY)
                        break;

                /*
                 * Don't deal with extended references because they are rare
                 * cases and too complex to deal with (we would need to keep
                 * track of which subitem we are processing for each item in
                 * this loop, etc). So just return some error to fallback to
                 * a transaction commit.
                 */
                if (found_key.type == BTRFS_INODE_EXTREF_KEY) {
                        ret = -EMLINK;
                        goto out;
                }

                /*
                 * Logging ancestors needs to do more searches on the fs/subvol
                 * tree, so it releases the path as needed to avoid deadlocks.
                 * Keep track of the last inode ref key and resume from that key
                 * after logging all new ancestors for the current hard link.
                 */
                memcpy(&search_key, &found_key, sizeof(search_key));

                ret = log_new_ancestors(trans, root, path, ctx);
                if (ret)
                        goto out;
                btrfs_release_path(path);
                goto again;
        }
        ret = 0;
out:
        btrfs_free_path(path);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * helper function around btrfs_log_inode to make sure newly created
 * parent directories also end up in the log.  A minimal inode and backref
 * only logging is done of any parent directories that are older than
 * the last committed transaction
 */
static int btrfs_log_inode_parent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                  struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                                  struct dentry *parent,
                                  int inode_only,
                                  struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        struct btrfs_root *root = inode->root;
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
        int ret = 0;
        bool log_dentries = false;

        if (btrfs_test_opt(fs_info, NOTREELOG)) {
                ret = BTRFS_LOG_FORCE_COMMIT;
                goto end_no_trans;
        }

        if (btrfs_root_refs(&root->root_item) == 0) {
                ret = BTRFS_LOG_FORCE_COMMIT;
                goto end_no_trans;
        }

        /*
         * Skip already logged inodes or inodes corresponding to tmpfiles
         * (since logging them is pointless, a link count of 0 means they
         * will never be accessible).
         */
        if ((btrfs_inode_in_log(inode, trans->transid) &&
             list_empty(&ctx->ordered_extents)) ||
            inode->vfs_inode.i_nlink == 0) {
                ret = BTRFS_NO_LOG_SYNC;
                goto end_no_trans;
        }

        ret = start_log_trans(trans, root, ctx);
        if (ret)
                goto end_no_trans;

        ret = btrfs_log_inode(trans, inode, inode_only, ctx);
        if (ret)
                goto end_trans;

        /*
         * for regular files, if its inode is already on disk, we don't
         * have to worry about the parents at all.  This is because
         * we can use the last_unlink_trans field to record renames
         * and other fun in this file.
         */
        if (S_ISREG(inode->vfs_inode.i_mode) &&
            inode->generation < trans->transid &&
            inode->last_unlink_trans < trans->transid) {
                ret = 0;
                goto end_trans;
        }

        if (S_ISDIR(inode->vfs_inode.i_mode) && ctx->log_new_dentries)
                log_dentries = true;

        /*
         * On unlink we must make sure all our current and old parent directory
         * inodes are fully logged. This is to prevent leaving dangling
         * directory index entries in directories that were our parents but are
         * not anymore. Not doing this results in old parent directory being
         * impossible to delete after log replay (rmdir will always fail with
         * error -ENOTEMPTY).
         *
         * Example 1:
         *
         * mkdir testdir
         * touch testdir/foo
         * ln testdir/foo testdir/bar
         * sync
         * unlink testdir/bar
         * xfs_io -c fsync testdir/foo
         * <power failure>
         * mount fs, triggers log replay
         *
         * If we don't log the parent directory (testdir), after log replay the
         * directory still has an entry pointing to the file inode using the bar
         * name, but a matching BTRFS_INODE_[REF|EXTREF]_KEY does not exist and
         * the file inode has a link count of 1.
         *
         * Example 2:
         *
         * mkdir testdir
         * touch foo
         * ln foo testdir/foo2
         * ln foo testdir/foo3
         * sync
         * unlink testdir/foo3
         * xfs_io -c fsync foo
         * <power failure>
         * mount fs, triggers log replay
         *
         * Similar as the first example, after log replay the parent directory
         * testdir still has an entry pointing to the inode file with name foo3
         * but the file inode does not have a matching BTRFS_INODE_REF_KEY item
         * and has a link count of 2.
         */
        if (inode->last_unlink_trans >= trans->transid) {
                ret = btrfs_log_all_parents(trans, inode, ctx);
                if (ret)
                        goto end_trans;
        }

        ret = log_all_new_ancestors(trans, inode, parent, ctx);
        if (ret)
                goto end_trans;

        if (log_dentries)
                ret = log_new_dir_dentries(trans, inode, ctx);
        else
                ret = 0;
end_trans:
        if (ret < 0) {
                btrfs_set_log_full_commit(trans);
                ret = BTRFS_LOG_FORCE_COMMIT;
        }

        if (ret)
                btrfs_remove_log_ctx(root, ctx);
        btrfs_end_log_trans(root);
end_no_trans:
        return ret;
}

/*
 * it is not safe to log dentry if the chunk root has added new
 * chunks.  This returns 0 if the dentry was logged, and 1 otherwise.
 * If this returns 1, you must commit the transaction to safely get your
 * data on disk.
 */
int btrfs_log_dentry_safe(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                          struct dentry *dentry,
                          struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx)
{
        struct dentry *parent = dget_parent(dentry);
        int ret;

        ret = btrfs_log_inode_parent(trans, BTRFS_I(d_inode(dentry)), parent,
                                     LOG_INODE_ALL, ctx);
        dput(parent);

        return ret;
}

/*
 * should be called during mount to recover any replay any log trees
 * from the FS
 */
int btrfs_recover_log_trees(struct btrfs_root *log_root_tree)
{
        int ret;
        struct btrfs_path *path;
        struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans;
        struct btrfs_key key;
        struct btrfs_key found_key;
        struct btrfs_root *log;
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = log_root_tree->fs_info;
        struct walk_control wc = {
                .process_func = process_one_buffer,
                .stage = LOG_WALK_PIN_ONLY,
        };

        path = btrfs_alloc_path();
        if (!path)
                return -ENOMEM;

        set_bit(BTRFS_FS_LOG_RECOVERING, &fs_info->flags);

        trans = btrfs_start_transaction(fs_info->tree_root, 0);
        if (IS_ERR(trans)) {
                ret = PTR_ERR(trans);
                goto error;
        }

        wc.trans = trans;
        wc.pin = 1;

        ret = walk_log_tree(trans, log_root_tree, &wc);
        if (ret) {
                btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
                goto error;
        }

again:
        key.objectid = BTRFS_TREE_LOG_OBJECTID;
        key.offset = (u64)-1;
        key.type = BTRFS_ROOT_ITEM_KEY;

        while (1) {
                ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, log_root_tree, &key, path, 0, 0);

                if (ret < 0) {
                        btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
                        goto error;
                }
                if (ret > 0) {
                        if (path->slots[0] == 0)
                                break;
                        path->slots[0]--;
                }
                btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], &found_key,
                                      path->slots[0]);
                btrfs_release_path(path);
                if (found_key.objectid != BTRFS_TREE_LOG_OBJECTID)
                        break;

                log = btrfs_read_tree_root(log_root_tree, &found_key);
                if (IS_ERR(log)) {
                        ret = PTR_ERR(log);
                        btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
                        goto error;
                }

                wc.replay_dest = btrfs_get_fs_root(fs_info, found_key.offset,
                                                   true);
                if (IS_ERR(wc.replay_dest)) {
                        ret = PTR_ERR(wc.replay_dest);

                        /*
                         * We didn't find the subvol, likely because it was
                         * deleted.  This is ok, simply skip this log and go to
                         * the next one.
                         *
                         * We need to exclude the root because we can't have
                         * other log replays overwriting this log as we'll read
                         * it back in a few more times.  This will keep our
                         * block from being modified, and we'll just bail for
                         * each subsequent pass.
                         */
                        if (ret == -ENOENT)
                                ret = btrfs_pin_extent_for_log_replay(trans,
                                                        log->node->start,
                                                        log->node->len);
                        btrfs_put_root(log);

                        if (!ret)
                                goto next;
                        btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
                        goto error;
                }

                wc.replay_dest->log_root = log;
                ret = btrfs_record_root_in_trans(trans, wc.replay_dest);
                if (ret)
                        /* The loop needs to continue due to the root refs */
                        btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
                else
                        ret = walk_log_tree(trans, log, &wc);

                if (!ret && wc.stage == LOG_WALK_REPLAY_ALL) {
                        ret = fixup_inode_link_counts(trans, wc.replay_dest,
                                                      path);
                        if (ret)
                                btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
                }

                if (!ret && wc.stage == LOG_WALK_REPLAY_ALL) {
                        struct btrfs_root *root = wc.replay_dest;

                        btrfs_release_path(path);

                        /*
                         * We have just replayed everything, and the highest
                         * objectid of fs roots probably has changed in case
                         * some inode_item's got replayed.
                         *
                         * root->objectid_mutex is not acquired as log replay
                         * could only happen during mount.
                         */
                        ret = btrfs_init_root_free_objectid(root);
                        if (ret)
                                btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
                }

                wc.replay_dest->log_root = NULL;
                btrfs_put_root(wc.replay_dest);
                btrfs_put_root(log);

                if (ret)
                        goto error;
next:
                if (found_key.offset == 0)
                        break;
                key.offset = found_key.offset - 1;
        }
        btrfs_release_path(path);

        /* step one is to pin it all, step two is to replay just inodes */
        if (wc.pin) {
                wc.pin = 0;
                wc.process_func = replay_one_buffer;
                wc.stage = LOG_WALK_REPLAY_INODES;
                goto again;
        }
        /* step three is to replay everything */
        if (wc.stage < LOG_WALK_REPLAY_ALL) {
                wc.stage++;
                goto again;
        }

        btrfs_free_path(path);

        /* step 4: commit the transaction, which also unpins the blocks */
        ret = btrfs_commit_transaction(trans);
        if (ret)
                return ret;

        log_root_tree->log_root = NULL;
        clear_bit(BTRFS_FS_LOG_RECOVERING, &fs_info->flags);
        btrfs_put_root(log_root_tree);

        return 0;
error:
        if (wc.trans)
                btrfs_end_transaction(wc.trans);
        clear_bit(BTRFS_FS_LOG_RECOVERING, &fs_info->flags);
        btrfs_free_path(path);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * there are some corner cases where we want to force a full
 * commit instead of allowing a directory to be logged.
 *
 * They revolve around files there were unlinked from the directory, and
 * this function updates the parent directory so that a full commit is
 * properly done if it is fsync'd later after the unlinks are done.
 *
 * Must be called before the unlink operations (updates to the subvolume tree,
 * inodes, etc) are done.
 */
void btrfs_record_unlink_dir(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                             struct btrfs_inode *dir, struct btrfs_inode *inode,
                             bool for_rename)
{
        /*
         * when we're logging a file, if it hasn't been renamed
         * or unlinked, and its inode is fully committed on disk,
         * we don't have to worry about walking up the directory chain
         * to log its parents.
         *
         * So, we use the last_unlink_trans field to put this transid
         * into the file.  When the file is logged we check it and
         * don't log the parents if the file is fully on disk.
         */
        mutex_lock(&inode->log_mutex);
        inode->last_unlink_trans = trans->transid;
        mutex_unlock(&inode->log_mutex);

        if (!for_rename)
                return;

        /*
         * If this directory was already logged, any new names will be logged
         * with btrfs_log_new_name() and old names will be deleted from the log
         * tree with btrfs_del_dir_entries_in_log() or with
         * btrfs_del_inode_ref_in_log().
         */
        if (inode_logged(trans, dir, NULL) == 1)
                return;

        /*
         * If the inode we're about to unlink was logged before, the log will be
         * properly updated with the new name with btrfs_log_new_name() and the
         * old name removed with btrfs_del_dir_entries_in_log() or with
         * btrfs_del_inode_ref_in_log().
         */
        if (inode_logged(trans, inode, NULL) == 1)
                return;

        /*
         * when renaming files across directories, if the directory
         * there we're unlinking from gets fsync'd later on, there's
         * no way to find the destination directory later and fsync it
         * properly.  So, we have to be conservative and force commits
         * so the new name gets discovered.
         */
        mutex_lock(&dir->log_mutex);
        dir->last_unlink_trans = trans->transid;
        mutex_unlock(&dir->log_mutex);
}

/*
 * Make sure that if someone attempts to fsync the parent directory of a deleted
 * snapshot, it ends up triggering a transaction commit. This is to guarantee
 * that after replaying the log tree of the parent directory's root we will not
 * see the snapshot anymore and at log replay time we will not see any log tree
 * corresponding to the deleted snapshot's root, which could lead to replaying
 * it after replaying the log tree of the parent directory (which would replay
 * the snapshot delete operation).
 *
 * Must be called before the actual snapshot destroy operation (updates to the
 * parent root and tree of tree roots trees, etc) are done.
 */
void btrfs_record_snapshot_destroy(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                                   struct btrfs_inode *dir)
{
        mutex_lock(&dir->log_mutex);
        dir->last_unlink_trans = trans->transid;
        mutex_unlock(&dir->log_mutex);
}

/*
 * Update the log after adding a new name for an inode.
 *
 * @trans:              Transaction handle.
 * @old_dentry:         The dentry associated with the old name and the old
 *                      parent directory.
 * @old_dir:            The inode of the previous parent directory for the case
 *                      of a rename. For a link operation, it must be NULL.
 * @old_dir_index:      The index number associated with the old name, meaningful
 *                      only for rename operations (when @old_dir is not NULL).
 *                      Ignored for link operations.
 * @parent:             The dentry associated with the directory under which the
 *                      new name is located.
 *
 * Call this after adding a new name for an inode, as a result of a link or
 * rename operation, and it will properly update the log to reflect the new name.
 */
void btrfs_log_new_name(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
                        struct dentry *old_dentry, struct btrfs_inode *old_dir,
                        u64 old_dir_index, struct dentry *parent)
{
        struct btrfs_inode *inode = BTRFS_I(d_inode(old_dentry));
        struct btrfs_root *root = inode->root;
        struct btrfs_log_ctx ctx;
        bool log_pinned = false;
        int ret;

        /*
         * this will force the logging code to walk the dentry chain
         * up for the file
         */
        if (!S_ISDIR(inode->vfs_inode.i_mode))
                inode->last_unlink_trans = trans->transid;

        /*
         * if this inode hasn't been logged and directory we're renaming it
         * from hasn't been logged, we don't need to log it
         */
        ret = inode_logged(trans, inode, NULL);
        if (ret < 0) {
                goto out;
        } else if (ret == 0) {
                if (!old_dir)
                        return;
                /*
                 * If the inode was not logged and we are doing a rename (old_dir is not
                 * NULL), check if old_dir was logged - if it was not we can return and
                 * do nothing.
                 */
                ret = inode_logged(trans, old_dir, NULL);
                if (ret < 0)
                        goto out;
                else if (ret == 0)
                        return;
        }
        ret = 0;

        /*
         * If we are doing a rename (old_dir is not NULL) from a directory that
         * was previously logged, make sure that on log replay we get the old
         * dir entry deleted. This is needed because we will also log the new
         * name of the renamed inode, so we need to make sure that after log
         * replay we don't end up with both the new and old dir entries existing.
         */
        if (old_dir && old_dir->logged_trans == trans->transid) {
                struct btrfs_root *log = old_dir->root->log_root;
                struct btrfs_path *path;
                struct fscrypt_name fname;

                ASSERT(old_dir_index >= BTRFS_DIR_START_INDEX);

                ret = fscrypt_setup_filename(&old_dir->vfs_inode,
                                             &old_dentry->d_name, 0, &fname);
                if (ret)
                        goto out;
                /*
                 * We have two inodes to update in the log, the old directory and
                 * the inode that got renamed, so we must pin the log to prevent
                 * anyone from syncing the log until we have updated both inodes
                 * in the log.
                 */
                ret = join_running_log_trans(root);
                /*
                 * At least one of the inodes was logged before, so this should
                 * not fail, but if it does, it's not serious, just bail out and
                 * mark the log for a full commit.
                 */
                if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ret < 0)) {
                        fscrypt_free_filename(&fname);
                        goto out;
                }

                log_pinned = true;

                path = btrfs_alloc_path();
                if (!path) {
                        ret = -ENOMEM;
                        fscrypt_free_filename(&fname);
                        goto out;
                }

                /*
                 * Other concurrent task might be logging the old directory,
                 * as it can be triggered when logging other inode that had or
                 * still has a dentry in the old directory. We lock the old
                 * directory's log_mutex to ensure the deletion of the old
                 * name is persisted, because during directory logging we
                 * delete all BTRFS_DIR_LOG_INDEX_KEY keys and the deletion of
                 * the old name's dir index item is in the delayed items, so
                 * it could be missed by an in progress directory logging.
                 */
                mutex_lock(&old_dir->log_mutex);
                ret = del_logged_dentry(trans, log, path, btrfs_ino(old_dir),
                                        &fname.disk_name, old_dir_index);
                if (ret > 0) {
                        /*
                         * The dentry does not exist in the log, so record its
                         * deletion.
                         */
                        btrfs_release_path(path);
                        ret = insert_dir_log_key(trans, log, path,
                                                 btrfs_ino(old_dir),
                                                 old_dir_index, old_dir_index);
                }
                mutex_unlock(&old_dir->log_mutex);

                btrfs_free_path(path);
                fscrypt_free_filename(&fname);
                if (ret < 0)
                        goto out;
        }

        btrfs_init_log_ctx(&ctx, &inode->vfs_inode);
        ctx.logging_new_name = true;
        /*
         * We don't care about the return value. If we fail to log the new name
         * then we know the next attempt to sync the log will fallback to a full
         * transaction commit (due to a call to btrfs_set_log_full_commit()), so
         * we don't need to worry about getting a log committed that has an
         * inconsistent state after a rename operation.
         */
        btrfs_log_inode_parent(trans, inode, parent, LOG_INODE_EXISTS, &ctx);
        ASSERT(list_empty(&ctx.conflict_inodes));
out:
        /*
         * If an error happened mark the log for a full commit because it's not
         * consistent and up to date or we couldn't find out if one of the
         * inodes was logged before in this transaction. Do it before unpinning
         * the log, to avoid any races with someone else trying to commit it.
         */
        if (ret < 0)
                btrfs_set_log_full_commit(trans);
        if (log_pinned)
                btrfs_end_log_trans(root);
}