dtls.c

   1 /*
   2  * Open AnyConnect (SSL + DTLS) client
   3  *
   4  * © 2008 David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
   5  *
   6  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software
   7  * for any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided
   8  * that the above copyright notice and this permission notice appear
   9  * in all copies.
  10  *
  11  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL
  12  * WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED
  13  * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
  14  * AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR
  15  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS
  16  * OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
  17  * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN
  18  * CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
  19  */
  20
  21 #include <errno.h>
  22 #include <sys/types.h>
  23 #include <sys/socket.h>
  24 #include <netdb.h>
  25 #include <unistd.h>
  26 #include <openssl/err.h>
  27 #include <fcntl.h>
  28
  29 #include "anyconnect.h"
  30
  31 /*
  32  * The master-secret is generated randomly by the client. The server
  33  * responds with a DTLS Session-ID. These, done over the HTTPS
  34  * connection, are enough to 'resume' a DTLS session, bypassing all
  35  * the normal setup of a normal DTLS connection.
  36  *
  37  * Cisco use a version of the protocol which predates RFC4347, but
  38  * isn't quite the same as the pre-RFC version of the protocol which
  39  * was in OpenSSL 0.9.8e -- it includes backports of some later
  40  * OpenSSL patches.
  41  *
  42  * The openssl/ directory of this source tree should contain both a
  43  * small patch against OpenSSL 0.9.8e to make it support Cisco's
  44  * snapshot of the protocol, and a larger patch against newer OpenSSL
  45  * which gives us an option to use the old protocol again.
  46  *
  47  * Cisco's server also seems to respond to the official version of the
  48  * protocol, with a change in the ChangeCipherSpec packet which implies
  49  * that it does know the difference and isn't just repeating the version
  50  * number seen in the ClientHello. But although I can make the handshake
  51  * complete by hacking tls1_mac() to use the _old_ protocol version
  52  * number when calculating the MAC, the server still seems to be ignoring
  53  * my subsequent data packets.
  54  */
  55
  56 static unsigned char nybble(unsigned char n)
  57 {
  58         if      (n >= '0' && n <= '9') return n - '0';
  59         else if (n >= 'A' && n <= 'F') return n - ('A' - 10);
  60         else if (n >= 'a' && n <= 'f') return n - ('a' - 10);
  61         return 0;
  62 }
  63
  64 static unsigned char hex(const char *data)
  65 {
  66         return (nybble(data[0]) << 4) | nybble(data[1]);
  67 }
  68
  69 static int connect_dtls_socket(struct anyconnect_info *vpninfo, SSL **ret_ssl,
  70                                int *ret_fd)
  71 {
  72         SSL_METHOD *dtls_method;
  73         SSL_CTX *dtls_ctx;
  74         SSL_SESSION *dtls_session;
  75         SSL_CIPHER *https_cipher;
  76         SSL *dtls_ssl;
  77         BIO *dtls_bio;
  78         int dtls_fd;
  79         int ret;
  80
  81         dtls_fd = socket(vpninfo->peer_addr->sa_family, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);
  82         if (dtls_fd < 0) {
  83                 perror("Open UDP socket for DTLS:");
  84                 return -EINVAL;
  85         }
  86
  87         if (connect(dtls_fd, vpninfo->peer_addr, vpninfo->peer_addrlen)) {
  88                 perror("UDP (DTLS) connect:\n");
  89                 close(dtls_fd);
  90                 return -EINVAL;
  91         }
  92
  93         fcntl(dtls_fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
  94
  95         dtls_method = DTLSv1_client_method();
  96         dtls_ctx = SSL_CTX_new(dtls_method);
  97         SSL_CTX_set_read_ahead(dtls_ctx, 1);
  98         https_cipher = SSL_get_current_cipher(vpninfo->https_ssl);
  99
 100         dtls_ssl = SSL_new(dtls_ctx);
 101         SSL_set_connect_state(dtls_ssl);
 102         SSL_set_cipher_list(dtls_ssl, SSL_CIPHER_get_name(https_cipher));
 103
 104         /* We're going to "resume" a session which never existed. Fake it... */
 105         dtls_session = SSL_SESSION_new();
 106
 107         dtls_session->ssl_version = 0x0100; // DTLS1_BAD_VER
 108
 109         dtls_session->master_key_length = sizeof(vpninfo->dtls_secret);
 110         memcpy(dtls_session->master_key, vpninfo->dtls_secret,
 111                sizeof(vpninfo->dtls_secret));
 112
 113         dtls_session->session_id_length = sizeof(vpninfo->dtls_session_id);
 114         memcpy(dtls_session->session_id, vpninfo->dtls_session_id,
 115                sizeof(vpninfo->dtls_session_id));
 116
 117         dtls_session->cipher = https_cipher;
 118         dtls_session->cipher_id = https_cipher->id;
 119
 120         /* Having faked a session, add it to the CTX and the SSL */
 121         if (!SSL_set_session(dtls_ssl, dtls_session)) {
 122                 printf("SSL_set_session() failed with old protocol version 0x%x\n",
 123                        dtls_session->ssl_version);
 124                 printf("Your OpenSSL may lack Cisco compatibility support\n");
 125                 printf("See http://rt.openssl.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=1751\n");
 126                 printf("Use the --no-dtls command line option to avoid this message\n");
 127                 return -EINVAL;
 128         }
 129         if (!SSL_CTX_add_session(dtls_ctx, dtls_session))
 130                 printf("SSL_CTX_add_session() failed\n");
 131
 132
 133         /* Go Go Go! */
 134         dtls_bio = BIO_new_socket(dtls_fd, BIO_NOCLOSE);
 135         SSL_set_bio(dtls_ssl, dtls_bio, dtls_bio);
 136
 137         /* XXX Cargo cult programming. Other DTLS code does this, and it might
 138            avoid http://rt.openssl.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=1703 */
 139         BIO_ctrl(dtls_bio, BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_MTU_DISCOVER, 0, NULL);
 140
 141 #ifndef SSL_OP_CISCO_ANYCONNECT
 142 #define SSL_OP_CISCO_ANYCONNECT 0x8000
 143 #endif
 144         SSL_set_options(dtls_ssl, SSL_OP_CISCO_ANYCONNECT);
 145         ret = SSL_do_handshake(dtls_ssl);
 146
 147         if (ret != 1) {
 148                 fprintf(stderr, "DTLS connection returned %d\n", ret);
 149                 if (ret < 0)
 150                         fprintf(stderr, "DTLS handshake error: %d\n", SSL_get_error(dtls_ssl, ret));
 151                 ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
 152                 SSL_free(dtls_ssl);
 153                 SSL_CTX_free(dtls_ctx);
 154                 close(dtls_fd);
 155                 return -EINVAL;
 156         }
 157
 158         BIO_set_nbio(SSL_get_rbio(dtls_ssl),1);
 159         BIO_set_nbio(SSL_get_wbio(dtls_ssl),1);
 160
 161         fcntl(dtls_fd, F_SETFL, fcntl(dtls_fd, F_GETFL) | O_NONBLOCK);
 162
 163         *ret_fd = dtls_fd;
 164         *ret_ssl = dtls_ssl;
 165
 166         return 0;
 167 }
 168
 169 static int dtls_rekey(struct anyconnect_info *vpninfo)
 170 {
 171         SSL *dtls_ssl;
 172         int dtls_fd;
 173
 174         /* To rekey, we just 'resume' the session again */
 175         if (connect_dtls_socket(vpninfo, &dtls_ssl, &dtls_fd))
 176                 return -EINVAL;
 177
 178         vpninfo->pfds[vpninfo->dtls_pfd].fd = dtls_fd;
 179
 180         SSL_free(vpninfo->dtls_ssl);
 181         close(vpninfo->dtls_fd);
 182
 183         vpninfo->dtls_ssl = dtls_ssl;
 184         vpninfo->dtls_fd = dtls_fd;
 185
 186         return 0;
 187 }
 188
 189 int setup_dtls(struct anyconnect_info *vpninfo)
 190 {
 191         struct vpn_option *dtls_opt = vpninfo->dtls_options;
 192         int sessid_found = 0;
 193         int dtls_port = 0;
 194         int i;
 195
 196         while (dtls_opt) {
 197                 if (verbose)
 198                         printf("DTLS option %s : %s\n", dtls_opt->option, dtls_opt->value);
 199
 200                 if (!strcmp(dtls_opt->option, "X-DTLS-Session-ID")) {
 201                         if (strlen(dtls_opt->value) != 64) {
 202                                 fprintf(stderr, "X-DTLS-Session-ID not 64 characters\n");
 203                                 fprintf(stderr, "Is: %s\n", dtls_opt->value);
 204                                 return -EINVAL;
 205                         }
 206                         for (i = 0; i < 64; i += 2)
 207                                 vpninfo->dtls_session_id[i/2] = hex(dtls_opt->value + i);
 208                         sessid_found = 1;
 209                 } else if (!strcmp(dtls_opt->option + 7, "Port")) {
 210                         dtls_port = atol(dtls_opt->value);
 211                 } else if (!strcmp(dtls_opt->option + 7, "Keepalive")) {
 212                         vpninfo->dtls_keepalive = atol(dtls_opt->value);
 213                 } else if (!strcmp(dtls_opt->option + 7, "DPD")) {
 214                         vpninfo->dtls_dpd = atol(dtls_opt->value);
 215                 } else if (!strcmp(dtls_opt->option + 7, "Rekey-Time")) {
 216                         vpninfo->dtls_rekey = atol(dtls_opt->value);
 217                 }
 218
 219                 dtls_opt = dtls_opt->next;
 220         }
 221         if (!sessid_found || !dtls_port)
 222                 return -EINVAL;
 223
 224         if (vpninfo->peer_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {
 225                 struct sockaddr_in *sin = (void *)vpninfo->peer_addr;
 226                 sin->sin_port = htons(dtls_port);
 227         } else if (vpninfo->peer_addr->sa_family == AF_INET6) {
 228                 struct sockaddr_in6 *sin = (void *)vpninfo->peer_addr;
 229                 sin->sin6_port = htons(dtls_port);
 230         } else {
 231                 fprintf(stderr, "Unknown protocol family %d. Cannot do DTLS\n",
 232                         vpninfo->peer_addr->sa_family);
 233                 return -EINVAL;
 234         }
 235
 236         if (connect_dtls_socket(vpninfo, &vpninfo->dtls_ssl, &vpninfo->dtls_fd))
 237                 return -EINVAL;
 238
 239         vpninfo->dtls_pfd = vpn_add_pollfd(vpninfo, vpninfo->dtls_fd,
 240                                            POLLIN|POLLHUP|POLLERR);
 241         vpninfo->last_dtls_rekey = vpninfo->last_dtls_rx =
 242                 vpninfo->last_dtls_tx = time(NULL);
 243
 244         if (verbose)
 245                 printf("DTLS connected. DPD %d, Keepalive %d\n",
 246                        vpninfo->dtls_dpd, vpninfo->dtls_keepalive);
 247
 248         return 0;
 249 }
 250
 251 int dtls_mainloop(struct anyconnect_info *vpninfo, int *timeout)
 252 {
 253         unsigned char buf[2000];
 254         int len;
 255         int work_done = 0;
 256
 257         while ( (len = SSL_read(vpninfo->dtls_ssl, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0 ) {
 258                 if (verbose)
 259                         printf("Received DTLS packet 0x%02x of %d bytes\n",
 260                                len, buf[0]);
 261
 262                 vpninfo->last_dtls_rx = time(NULL);
 263
 264                 switch(buf[0]) {
 265                 case 0:
 266                         queue_new_packet(&vpninfo->incoming_queue, AF_INET, buf+1, len-1);
 267                         work_done = 1;
 268                         break;
 269
 270                 case 4: /* DPD response */
 271                         if (verbose)
 272                                 printf("Got DTLS DPD response\n");
 273                         break;
 274
 275                 default:
 276                         fprintf(stderr, "Unknown DTLS packet type %02x\n", buf[0]);
 277                         vpninfo->quit_reason = "Unknown packet received";
 278                         return 1;
 279                 }
 280         }
 281         while (vpninfo->outgoing_queue) {
 282                 struct pkt *this = vpninfo->outgoing_queue;
 283                 int ret;
 284
 285                 vpninfo->outgoing_queue = this->next;
 286
 287                 buf[0] = 0;
 288                 memcpy(buf + 1, this->data, this->len);
 289
 290                 ret = SSL_write(vpninfo->dtls_ssl, buf, this->len + 1);
 291                 vpninfo->last_dtls_tx = time(NULL);
 292                 if (verbose) {
 293                         printf("Sent DTLS packet of %d bytes; SSL_write() returned %d\n",
 294                                this->len, ret);
 295                 }
 296         }
 297
 298         /* DPD is bidirectional -- PKT 3 out, PKT 4 back */
 299         if (vpninfo->dtls_dpd) {
 300                 time_t now = time(NULL);
 301                 time_t due = vpninfo->last_dtls_rx + vpninfo->dtls_dpd;
 302                 time_t overdue = vpninfo->last_dtls_rx + (2 * vpninfo->dtls_dpd);
 303
 304                 /* If we already have DPD outstanding, don't flood */
 305                 if (vpninfo->last_dtls_dpd > vpninfo->last_dtls_rx) {
 306                         if (verbose) {
 307                                 printf("DTLS DPD outstanding. Will kill in %ld seconds\n",
 308                                        overdue - now);
 309                         }
 310                         due = vpninfo->last_dtls_dpd + vpninfo->dtls_dpd;
 311                 }
 312                 if (now > overdue) {
 313                         fprintf(stderr, "DTLS Dead Peer Detection detected dead peer!\n");
 314                         /* Fall back to SSL */
 315                         SSL_free(vpninfo->dtls_ssl);
 316                         close(vpninfo->dtls_fd);
 317                         vpninfo->pfds[vpninfo->dtls_pfd].fd = -1;
 318                         vpninfo->dtls_ssl = NULL;
 319                         vpninfo->dtls_fd = -1;
 320                         return 1;
 321                 }
 322                 if (now >= due) {
 323                         static unsigned char dtls_dpd_pkt[1] = { 3 };
 324                         /* Haven't heard anything from the other end for a while.
 325                            Check if it's still there */
 326                         /* FIXME: If isn't, we should act on that */
 327                         SSL_write(vpninfo->dtls_ssl, dtls_dpd_pkt, 1);
 328                         vpninfo->last_dtls_dpd = vpninfo->last_dtls_tx = now;
 329
 330                         due = now + vpninfo->dtls_dpd;
 331                         if (verbose)
 332                                 printf("Sent DTLS DPD\n");
 333                 }
 334
 335                 if (verbose && due < overdue)
 336                         printf("Next DTLS DPD due in %ld seconds\n", (due - now));
 337                 if (*timeout > (due - now) * 1000)
 338                         *timeout = (due - now) * 1000;
 339         }
 340
 341         /* Keepalive is just client -> server */
 342         if (vpninfo->dtls_keepalive) {
 343                 time_t now = time(NULL);
 344                 time_t due = vpninfo->last_dtls_tx + vpninfo->dtls_keepalive;
 345
 346                 if (now >= due) {
 347                         static unsigned char dtls_keepalive_pkt[1] = { 7 };
 348
 349                         /* Send something (which is discarded), to keep
 350                            the connection alive. */
 351                         SSL_write(vpninfo->dtls_ssl, dtls_keepalive_pkt, 1);
 352                         vpninfo->last_dtls_tx = now;
 353
 354                         due = now + vpninfo->dtls_keepalive;
 355                         if (verbose)
 356                                 printf("Sent DTLS Keepalive\n");
 357                 }
 358
 359                 if (verbose)
 360                         printf("Next DTLS Keepalive due in %ld seconds\n", (due - now));
 361                 if (*timeout > (due - now) * 1000)
 362                         *timeout = (due - now) * 1000;
 363         }
 364
 365         if (vpninfo->dtls_rekey) {
 366                 time_t now = time(NULL);
 367                 time_t due = vpninfo->last_dtls_rekey + vpninfo->dtls_rekey;
 368
 369                 if (now >= due) {
 370                         if (verbose)
 371                                 printf("DTLS rekey due\n");
 372                         if (dtls_rekey(vpninfo)) {
 373                                 fprintf(stderr, "DTLS rekey failed\n");
 374                                 /* Fall back to SSL */
 375                                 SSL_free(vpninfo->dtls_ssl);
 376                                 close(vpninfo->dtls_fd);
 377                                 vpninfo->pfds[vpninfo->dtls_pfd].fd = -1;
 378                                 vpninfo->dtls_ssl = NULL;
 379                                 vpninfo->dtls_fd = -1;
 380                                 return 1;
 381                         }
 382                         vpninfo->last_dtls_rekey = time(NULL);
 383                         due = vpninfo->last_dtls_rekey + vpninfo->dtls_rekey;
 384                 }
 385                 if (verbose)
 386                         printf("Next DTLS rekey due in %ld seconds\n", (due - now));
 387                 if (*timeout > (due - now) * 1000)
 388                         *timeout = (due - now) * 1000;
 389         }
 390
 391         return work_done;
 392 }
 393
 394