1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
3 * Mix this utility code with some glue code to get one of several types of
4 * simple SPI master driver. Two do polled word-at-a-time I/O:
6 * - GPIO/parport bitbangers. Provide chipselect() and txrx_word[](),
7 * expanding the per-word routines from the inline templates below.
9 * - Drivers for controllers resembling bare shift registers. Provide
10 * chipselect() and txrx_word[](), with custom setup()/cleanup() methods
11 * that use your controller's clock and chipselect registers.
13 * Some hardware works well with requests at spi_transfer scope:
15 * - Drivers leveraging smarter hardware, with fifos or DMA; or for half
16 * duplex (MicroWire) controllers. Provide chipselect() and txrx_bufs(),
17 * and custom setup()/cleanup() methods.
21 * The code that knows what GPIO pins do what should have declared four
22 * functions, ideally as inlines, before including this header:
24 * void setsck(struct spi_device *, int is_on);
25 * void setmosi(struct spi_device *, int is_on);
26 * int getmiso(struct spi_device *);
27 * void spidelay(unsigned);
29 * setsck()'s is_on parameter is a zero/nonzero boolean.
31 * setmosi()'s is_on parameter is a zero/nonzero boolean.
33 * getmiso() is required to return 0 or 1 only. Any other value is invalid
34 * and will result in improper operation.
36 * A non-inlined routine would call bitbang_txrx_*() routines. The
37 * main loop could easily compile down to a handful of instructions,
38 * especially if the delay is a NOP (to run at peak speed).
40 * Since this is software, the timings may not be exactly what your board's
41 * chips need ... there may be several reasons you'd need to tweak timings
42 * in these routines, not just to make it faster or slower to match a
43 * particular CPU clock rate.
45 * ToDo: Maybe the bitrev macros can be used to improve the code?
49 bitbang_txrx_be_cpha0(struct spi_device *spi,
50 unsigned nsecs, unsigned cpol, unsigned flags,
53 /* if (cpol == 0) this is SPI_MODE_0; else this is SPI_MODE_2 */
55 u32 oldbit = (!(word & (1<<(bits-1)))) << 31;
56 /* clock starts at inactive polarity */
57 for (word <<= (32 - bits); likely(bits); bits--) {
59 /* setup MSB (to slave) on trailing edge */
60 if ((flags & SPI_CONTROLLER_NO_TX) == 0) {
61 if ((word & (1 << 31)) != oldbit) {
62 setmosi(spi, word & (1 << 31));
63 oldbit = word & (1 << 31);
66 spidelay(nsecs); /* T(setup) */
71 /* sample MSB (from slave) on leading edge */
73 if ((flags & SPI_CONTROLLER_NO_RX) == 0)
81 bitbang_txrx_be_cpha1(struct spi_device *spi,
82 unsigned nsecs, unsigned cpol, unsigned flags,
85 /* if (cpol == 0) this is SPI_MODE_1; else this is SPI_MODE_3 */
87 u32 oldbit = (!(word & (1<<(bits-1)))) << 31;
88 /* clock starts at inactive polarity */
89 for (word <<= (32 - bits); likely(bits); bits--) {
91 /* setup MSB (to slave) on leading edge */
93 if ((flags & SPI_CONTROLLER_NO_TX) == 0) {
94 if ((word & (1 << 31)) != oldbit) {
95 setmosi(spi, word & (1 << 31));
96 oldbit = word & (1 << 31);
99 spidelay(nsecs); /* T(setup) */
104 /* sample MSB (from slave) on trailing edge */
106 if ((flags & SPI_CONTROLLER_NO_RX) == 0)
107 word |= getmiso(spi);
113 bitbang_txrx_le_cpha0(struct spi_device *spi,
114 unsigned int nsecs, unsigned int cpol, unsigned int flags,
117 /* if (cpol == 0) this is SPI_MODE_0; else this is SPI_MODE_2 */
120 u32 oldbit = !(word & 1);
121 /* clock starts at inactive polarity */
122 for (; likely(bits); bits--) {
124 /* setup LSB (to slave) on trailing edge */
125 if ((flags & SPI_CONTROLLER_NO_TX) == 0) {
126 if ((word & 1) != oldbit) {
127 setmosi(spi, word & 1);
131 spidelay(nsecs); /* T(setup) */
136 /* sample LSB (from slave) on leading edge */
138 if ((flags & SPI_CONTROLLER_NO_RX) == 0)
139 word |= getmiso(spi) << rxbit;
146 bitbang_txrx_le_cpha1(struct spi_device *spi,
147 unsigned int nsecs, unsigned int cpol, unsigned int flags,
150 /* if (cpol == 0) this is SPI_MODE_1; else this is SPI_MODE_3 */
153 u32 oldbit = !(word & 1);
154 /* clock starts at inactive polarity */
155 for (; likely(bits); bits--) {
157 /* setup LSB (to slave) on leading edge */
159 if ((flags & SPI_CONTROLLER_NO_TX) == 0) {
160 if ((word & 1) != oldbit) {
161 setmosi(spi, word & 1);
165 spidelay(nsecs); /* T(setup) */
170 /* sample LSB (from slave) on trailing edge */
172 if ((flags & SPI_CONTROLLER_NO_RX) == 0)
173 word |= getmiso(spi) << rxbit;