PCI: Remove unused Optimized Buffer Flush/Fill support

[platform/adaptation/renesas_rcar/renesas_kernel.git] / drivers / pci / pci.c

/*
 *      PCI Bus Services, see include/linux/pci.h for further explanation.
 *
 *      Copyright 1993 -- 1997 Drew Eckhardt, Frederic Potter,
 *      David Mosberger-Tang
 *
 *      Copyright 1997 -- 2000 Martin Mares <mj@ucw.cz>
 */

#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/pci.h>
#include <linux/pm.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/log2.h>
#include <linux/pci-aspm.h>
#include <linux/pm_wakeup.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/pm_runtime.h>
#include <linux/pci_hotplug.h>
#include <asm-generic/pci-bridge.h>
#include <asm/setup.h>
#include "pci.h"

const char *pci_power_names[] = {
        "error", "D0", "D1", "D2", "D3hot", "D3cold", "unknown",
};
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_power_names);

int isa_dma_bridge_buggy;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(isa_dma_bridge_buggy);

int pci_pci_problems;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_pci_problems);

unsigned int pci_pm_d3_delay;

static void pci_pme_list_scan(struct work_struct *work);

static LIST_HEAD(pci_pme_list);
static DEFINE_MUTEX(pci_pme_list_mutex);
static DECLARE_DELAYED_WORK(pci_pme_work, pci_pme_list_scan);

struct pci_pme_device {
        struct list_head list;
        struct pci_dev *dev;
};

#define PME_TIMEOUT 1000 /* How long between PME checks */

static void pci_dev_d3_sleep(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        unsigned int delay = dev->d3_delay;

        if (delay < pci_pm_d3_delay)
                delay = pci_pm_d3_delay;

        msleep(delay);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_PCI_DOMAINS
int pci_domains_supported = 1;
#endif

#define DEFAULT_CARDBUS_IO_SIZE         (256)
#define DEFAULT_CARDBUS_MEM_SIZE        (64*1024*1024)
/* pci=cbmemsize=nnM,cbiosize=nn can override this */
unsigned long pci_cardbus_io_size = DEFAULT_CARDBUS_IO_SIZE;
unsigned long pci_cardbus_mem_size = DEFAULT_CARDBUS_MEM_SIZE;

#define DEFAULT_HOTPLUG_IO_SIZE         (256)
#define DEFAULT_HOTPLUG_MEM_SIZE        (2*1024*1024)
/* pci=hpmemsize=nnM,hpiosize=nn can override this */
unsigned long pci_hotplug_io_size  = DEFAULT_HOTPLUG_IO_SIZE;
unsigned long pci_hotplug_mem_size = DEFAULT_HOTPLUG_MEM_SIZE;

enum pcie_bus_config_types pcie_bus_config = PCIE_BUS_TUNE_OFF;

/*
 * The default CLS is used if arch didn't set CLS explicitly and not
 * all pci devices agree on the same value.  Arch can override either
 * the dfl or actual value as it sees fit.  Don't forget this is
 * measured in 32-bit words, not bytes.
 */
u8 pci_dfl_cache_line_size = L1_CACHE_BYTES >> 2;
u8 pci_cache_line_size;

/*
 * If we set up a device for bus mastering, we need to check the latency
 * timer as certain BIOSes forget to set it properly.
 */
unsigned int pcibios_max_latency = 255;

/* If set, the PCIe ARI capability will not be used. */
static bool pcie_ari_disabled;

/**
 * pci_bus_max_busnr - returns maximum PCI bus number of given bus' children
 * @bus: pointer to PCI bus structure to search
 *
 * Given a PCI bus, returns the highest PCI bus number present in the set
 * including the given PCI bus and its list of child PCI buses.
 */
unsigned char pci_bus_max_busnr(struct pci_bus* bus)
{
        struct list_head *tmp;
        unsigned char max, n;

        max = bus->busn_res.end;
        list_for_each(tmp, &bus->children) {
                n = pci_bus_max_busnr(pci_bus_b(tmp));
                if(n > max)
                        max = n;
        }
        return max;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_bus_max_busnr);

#ifdef CONFIG_HAS_IOMEM
void __iomem *pci_ioremap_bar(struct pci_dev *pdev, int bar)
{
        /*
         * Make sure the BAR is actually a memory resource, not an IO resource
         */
        if (!(pci_resource_flags(pdev, bar) & IORESOURCE_MEM)) {
                WARN_ON(1);
                return NULL;
        }
        return ioremap_nocache(pci_resource_start(pdev, bar),
                                     pci_resource_len(pdev, bar));
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_ioremap_bar);
#endif

#define PCI_FIND_CAP_TTL        48

static int __pci_find_next_cap_ttl(struct pci_bus *bus, unsigned int devfn,
                                   u8 pos, int cap, int *ttl)
{
        u8 id;

        while ((*ttl)--) {
                pci_bus_read_config_byte(bus, devfn, pos, &pos);
                if (pos < 0x40)
                        break;
                pos &= ~3;
                pci_bus_read_config_byte(bus, devfn, pos + PCI_CAP_LIST_ID,
                                         &id);
                if (id == 0xff)
                        break;
                if (id == cap)
                        return pos;
                pos += PCI_CAP_LIST_NEXT;
        }
        return 0;
}

static int __pci_find_next_cap(struct pci_bus *bus, unsigned int devfn,
                               u8 pos, int cap)
{
        int ttl = PCI_FIND_CAP_TTL;

        return __pci_find_next_cap_ttl(bus, devfn, pos, cap, &ttl);
}

int pci_find_next_capability(struct pci_dev *dev, u8 pos, int cap)
{
        return __pci_find_next_cap(dev->bus, dev->devfn,
                                   pos + PCI_CAP_LIST_NEXT, cap);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_find_next_capability);

static int __pci_bus_find_cap_start(struct pci_bus *bus,
                                    unsigned int devfn, u8 hdr_type)
{
        u16 status;

        pci_bus_read_config_word(bus, devfn, PCI_STATUS, &status);
        if (!(status & PCI_STATUS_CAP_LIST))
                return 0;

        switch (hdr_type) {
        case PCI_HEADER_TYPE_NORMAL:
        case PCI_HEADER_TYPE_BRIDGE:
                return PCI_CAPABILITY_LIST;
        case PCI_HEADER_TYPE_CARDBUS:
                return PCI_CB_CAPABILITY_LIST;
        default:
                return 0;
        }

        return 0;
}

/**
 * pci_find_capability - query for devices' capabilities
 * @dev: PCI device to query
 * @cap: capability code
 *
 * Tell if a device supports a given PCI capability.
 * Returns the address of the requested capability structure within the
 * device's PCI configuration space or 0 in case the device does not
 * support it.  Possible values for @cap:
 *
 *  %PCI_CAP_ID_PM           Power Management
 *  %PCI_CAP_ID_AGP          Accelerated Graphics Port
 *  %PCI_CAP_ID_VPD          Vital Product Data
 *  %PCI_CAP_ID_SLOTID       Slot Identification
 *  %PCI_CAP_ID_MSI          Message Signalled Interrupts
 *  %PCI_CAP_ID_CHSWP        CompactPCI HotSwap
 *  %PCI_CAP_ID_PCIX         PCI-X
 *  %PCI_CAP_ID_EXP          PCI Express
 */
int pci_find_capability(struct pci_dev *dev, int cap)
{
        int pos;

        pos = __pci_bus_find_cap_start(dev->bus, dev->devfn, dev->hdr_type);
        if (pos)
                pos = __pci_find_next_cap(dev->bus, dev->devfn, pos, cap);

        return pos;
}

/**
 * pci_bus_find_capability - query for devices' capabilities
 * @bus:   the PCI bus to query
 * @devfn: PCI device to query
 * @cap:   capability code
 *
 * Like pci_find_capability() but works for pci devices that do not have a
 * pci_dev structure set up yet.
 *
 * Returns the address of the requested capability structure within the
 * device's PCI configuration space or 0 in case the device does not
 * support it.
 */
int pci_bus_find_capability(struct pci_bus *bus, unsigned int devfn, int cap)
{
        int pos;
        u8 hdr_type;

        pci_bus_read_config_byte(bus, devfn, PCI_HEADER_TYPE, &hdr_type);

        pos = __pci_bus_find_cap_start(bus, devfn, hdr_type & 0x7f);
        if (pos)
                pos = __pci_find_next_cap(bus, devfn, pos, cap);

        return pos;
}

/**
 * pci_find_next_ext_capability - Find an extended capability
 * @dev: PCI device to query
 * @start: address at which to start looking (0 to start at beginning of list)
 * @cap: capability code
 *
 * Returns the address of the next matching extended capability structure
 * within the device's PCI configuration space or 0 if the device does
 * not support it.  Some capabilities can occur several times, e.g., the
 * vendor-specific capability, and this provides a way to find them all.
 */
int pci_find_next_ext_capability(struct pci_dev *dev, int start, int cap)
{
        u32 header;
        int ttl;
        int pos = PCI_CFG_SPACE_SIZE;

        /* minimum 8 bytes per capability */
        ttl = (PCI_CFG_SPACE_EXP_SIZE - PCI_CFG_SPACE_SIZE) / 8;

        if (dev->cfg_size <= PCI_CFG_SPACE_SIZE)
                return 0;

        if (start)
                pos = start;

        if (pci_read_config_dword(dev, pos, &header) != PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL)
                return 0;

        /*
         * If we have no capabilities, this is indicated by cap ID,
         * cap version and next pointer all being 0.
         */
        if (header == 0)
                return 0;

        while (ttl-- > 0) {
                if (PCI_EXT_CAP_ID(header) == cap && pos != start)
                        return pos;

                pos = PCI_EXT_CAP_NEXT(header);
                if (pos < PCI_CFG_SPACE_SIZE)
                        break;

                if (pci_read_config_dword(dev, pos, &header) != PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL)
                        break;
        }

        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_find_next_ext_capability);

/**
 * pci_find_ext_capability - Find an extended capability
 * @dev: PCI device to query
 * @cap: capability code
 *
 * Returns the address of the requested extended capability structure
 * within the device's PCI configuration space or 0 if the device does
 * not support it.  Possible values for @cap:
 *
 *  %PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_ERR         Advanced Error Reporting
 *  %PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_VC          Virtual Channel
 *  %PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_DSN         Device Serial Number
 *  %PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_PWR         Power Budgeting
 */
int pci_find_ext_capability(struct pci_dev *dev, int cap)
{
        return pci_find_next_ext_capability(dev, 0, cap);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_find_ext_capability);

static int __pci_find_next_ht_cap(struct pci_dev *dev, int pos, int ht_cap)
{
        int rc, ttl = PCI_FIND_CAP_TTL;
        u8 cap, mask;

        if (ht_cap == HT_CAPTYPE_SLAVE || ht_cap == HT_CAPTYPE_HOST)
                mask = HT_3BIT_CAP_MASK;
        else
                mask = HT_5BIT_CAP_MASK;

        pos = __pci_find_next_cap_ttl(dev->bus, dev->devfn, pos,
                                      PCI_CAP_ID_HT, &ttl);
        while (pos) {
                rc = pci_read_config_byte(dev, pos + 3, &cap);
                if (rc != PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL)
                        return 0;

                if ((cap & mask) == ht_cap)
                        return pos;

                pos = __pci_find_next_cap_ttl(dev->bus, dev->devfn,
                                              pos + PCI_CAP_LIST_NEXT,
                                              PCI_CAP_ID_HT, &ttl);
        }

        return 0;
}
/**
 * pci_find_next_ht_capability - query a device's Hypertransport capabilities
 * @dev: PCI device to query
 * @pos: Position from which to continue searching
 * @ht_cap: Hypertransport capability code
 *
 * To be used in conjunction with pci_find_ht_capability() to search for
 * all capabilities matching @ht_cap. @pos should always be a value returned
 * from pci_find_ht_capability().
 *
 * NB. To be 100% safe against broken PCI devices, the caller should take
 * steps to avoid an infinite loop.
 */
int pci_find_next_ht_capability(struct pci_dev *dev, int pos, int ht_cap)
{
        return __pci_find_next_ht_cap(dev, pos + PCI_CAP_LIST_NEXT, ht_cap);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_find_next_ht_capability);

/**
 * pci_find_ht_capability - query a device's Hypertransport capabilities
 * @dev: PCI device to query
 * @ht_cap: Hypertransport capability code
 *
 * Tell if a device supports a given Hypertransport capability.
 * Returns an address within the device's PCI configuration space
 * or 0 in case the device does not support the request capability.
 * The address points to the PCI capability, of type PCI_CAP_ID_HT,
 * which has a Hypertransport capability matching @ht_cap.
 */
int pci_find_ht_capability(struct pci_dev *dev, int ht_cap)
{
        int pos;

        pos = __pci_bus_find_cap_start(dev->bus, dev->devfn, dev->hdr_type);
        if (pos)
                pos = __pci_find_next_ht_cap(dev, pos, ht_cap);

        return pos;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_find_ht_capability);

/**
 * pci_find_parent_resource - return resource region of parent bus of given region
 * @dev: PCI device structure contains resources to be searched
 * @res: child resource record for which parent is sought
 *
 *  For given resource region of given device, return the resource
 *  region of parent bus the given region is contained in or where
 *  it should be allocated from.
 */
struct resource *
pci_find_parent_resource(const struct pci_dev *dev, struct resource *res)
{
        const struct pci_bus *bus = dev->bus;
        int i;
        struct resource *best = NULL, *r;

        pci_bus_for_each_resource(bus, r, i) {
                if (!r)
                        continue;
                if (res->start && !(res->start >= r->start && res->end <= r->end))
                        continue;       /* Not contained */
                if ((res->flags ^ r->flags) & (IORESOURCE_IO | IORESOURCE_MEM))
                        continue;       /* Wrong type */
                if (!((res->flags ^ r->flags) & IORESOURCE_PREFETCH))
                        return r;       /* Exact match */
                /* We can't insert a non-prefetch resource inside a prefetchable parent .. */
                if (r->flags & IORESOURCE_PREFETCH)
                        continue;
                /* .. but we can put a prefetchable resource inside a non-prefetchable one */
                if (!best)
                        best = r;
        }
        return best;
}

/**
 * pci_restore_bars - restore a devices BAR values (e.g. after wake-up)
 * @dev: PCI device to have its BARs restored
 *
 * Restore the BAR values for a given device, so as to make it
 * accessible by its driver.
 */
static void
pci_restore_bars(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < PCI_BRIDGE_RESOURCES; i++)
                pci_update_resource(dev, i);
}

static struct pci_platform_pm_ops *pci_platform_pm;

int pci_set_platform_pm(struct pci_platform_pm_ops *ops)
{
        if (!ops->is_manageable || !ops->set_state || !ops->choose_state
            || !ops->sleep_wake)
                return -EINVAL;
        pci_platform_pm = ops;
        return 0;
}

static inline bool platform_pci_power_manageable(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        return pci_platform_pm ? pci_platform_pm->is_manageable(dev) : false;
}

static inline int platform_pci_set_power_state(struct pci_dev *dev,
                                                pci_power_t t)
{
        return pci_platform_pm ? pci_platform_pm->set_state(dev, t) : -ENOSYS;
}

static inline pci_power_t platform_pci_choose_state(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        return pci_platform_pm ?
                        pci_platform_pm->choose_state(dev) : PCI_POWER_ERROR;
}

static inline int platform_pci_sleep_wake(struct pci_dev *dev, bool enable)
{
        return pci_platform_pm ?
                        pci_platform_pm->sleep_wake(dev, enable) : -ENODEV;
}

static inline int platform_pci_run_wake(struct pci_dev *dev, bool enable)
{
        return pci_platform_pm ?
                        pci_platform_pm->run_wake(dev, enable) : -ENODEV;
}

/**
 * pci_raw_set_power_state - Use PCI PM registers to set the power state of
 *                           given PCI device
 * @dev: PCI device to handle.
 * @state: PCI power state (D0, D1, D2, D3hot) to put the device into.
 *
 * RETURN VALUE:
 * -EINVAL if the requested state is invalid.
 * -EIO if device does not support PCI PM or its PM capabilities register has a
 * wrong version, or device doesn't support the requested state.
 * 0 if device already is in the requested state.
 * 0 if device's power state has been successfully changed.
 */
static int pci_raw_set_power_state(struct pci_dev *dev, pci_power_t state)
{
        u16 pmcsr;
        bool need_restore = false;

        /* Check if we're already there */
        if (dev->current_state == state)
                return 0;

        if (!dev->pm_cap)
                return -EIO;

        if (state < PCI_D0 || state > PCI_D3hot)
                return -EINVAL;

        /* Validate current state:
         * Can enter D0 from any state, but if we can only go deeper
         * to sleep if we're already in a low power state
         */
        if (state != PCI_D0 && dev->current_state <= PCI_D3cold
            && dev->current_state > state) {
                dev_err(&dev->dev, "invalid power transition "
                        "(from state %d to %d)\n", dev->current_state, state);
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        /* check if this device supports the desired state */
        if ((state == PCI_D1 && !dev->d1_support)
           || (state == PCI_D2 && !dev->d2_support))
                return -EIO;

        pci_read_config_word(dev, dev->pm_cap + PCI_PM_CTRL, &pmcsr);

        /* If we're (effectively) in D3, force entire word to 0.
         * This doesn't affect PME_Status, disables PME_En, and
         * sets PowerState to 0.
         */
        switch (dev->current_state) {
        case PCI_D0:
        case PCI_D1:
        case PCI_D2:
                pmcsr &= ~PCI_PM_CTRL_STATE_MASK;
                pmcsr |= state;
                break;
        case PCI_D3hot:
        case PCI_D3cold:
        case PCI_UNKNOWN: /* Boot-up */
                if ((pmcsr & PCI_PM_CTRL_STATE_MASK) == PCI_D3hot
                 && !(pmcsr & PCI_PM_CTRL_NO_SOFT_RESET))
                        need_restore = true;
                /* Fall-through: force to D0 */
        default:
                pmcsr = 0;
                break;
        }

        /* enter specified state */
        pci_write_config_word(dev, dev->pm_cap + PCI_PM_CTRL, pmcsr);

        /* Mandatory power management transition delays */
        /* see PCI PM 1.1 5.6.1 table 18 */
        if (state == PCI_D3hot || dev->current_state == PCI_D3hot)
                pci_dev_d3_sleep(dev);
        else if (state == PCI_D2 || dev->current_state == PCI_D2)
                udelay(PCI_PM_D2_DELAY);

        pci_read_config_word(dev, dev->pm_cap + PCI_PM_CTRL, &pmcsr);
        dev->current_state = (pmcsr & PCI_PM_CTRL_STATE_MASK);
        if (dev->current_state != state && printk_ratelimit())
                dev_info(&dev->dev, "Refused to change power state, "
                        "currently in D%d\n", dev->current_state);

        /*
         * According to section 5.4.1 of the "PCI BUS POWER MANAGEMENT
         * INTERFACE SPECIFICATION, REV. 1.2", a device transitioning
         * from D3hot to D0 _may_ perform an internal reset, thereby
         * going to "D0 Uninitialized" rather than "D0 Initialized".
         * For example, at least some versions of the 3c905B and the
         * 3c556B exhibit this behaviour.
         *
         * At least some laptop BIOSen (e.g. the Thinkpad T21) leave
         * devices in a D3hot state at boot.  Consequently, we need to
         * restore at least the BARs so that the device will be
         * accessible to its driver.
         */
        if (need_restore)
                pci_restore_bars(dev);

        if (dev->bus->self)
                pcie_aspm_pm_state_change(dev->bus->self);

        return 0;
}

/**
 * pci_update_current_state - Read PCI power state of given device from its
 *                            PCI PM registers and cache it
 * @dev: PCI device to handle.
 * @state: State to cache in case the device doesn't have the PM capability
 */
void pci_update_current_state(struct pci_dev *dev, pci_power_t state)
{
        if (dev->pm_cap) {
                u16 pmcsr;

                /*
                 * Configuration space is not accessible for device in
                 * D3cold, so just keep or set D3cold for safety
                 */
                if (dev->current_state == PCI_D3cold)
                        return;
                if (state == PCI_D3cold) {
                        dev->current_state = PCI_D3cold;
                        return;
                }
                pci_read_config_word(dev, dev->pm_cap + PCI_PM_CTRL, &pmcsr);
                dev->current_state = (pmcsr & PCI_PM_CTRL_STATE_MASK);
        } else {
                dev->current_state = state;
        }
}

/**
 * pci_power_up - Put the given device into D0 forcibly
 * @dev: PCI device to power up
 */
void pci_power_up(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        if (platform_pci_power_manageable(dev))
                platform_pci_set_power_state(dev, PCI_D0);

        pci_raw_set_power_state(dev, PCI_D0);
        pci_update_current_state(dev, PCI_D0);
}

/**
 * pci_platform_power_transition - Use platform to change device power state
 * @dev: PCI device to handle.
 * @state: State to put the device into.
 */
static int pci_platform_power_transition(struct pci_dev *dev, pci_power_t state)
{
        int error;

        if (platform_pci_power_manageable(dev)) {
                error = platform_pci_set_power_state(dev, state);
                if (!error)
                        pci_update_current_state(dev, state);
        } else
                error = -ENODEV;

        if (error && !dev->pm_cap) /* Fall back to PCI_D0 */
                dev->current_state = PCI_D0;

        return error;
}

/**
 * __pci_start_power_transition - Start power transition of a PCI device
 * @dev: PCI device to handle.
 * @state: State to put the device into.
 */
static void __pci_start_power_transition(struct pci_dev *dev, pci_power_t state)
{
        if (state == PCI_D0) {
                pci_platform_power_transition(dev, PCI_D0);
                /*
                 * Mandatory power management transition delays, see
                 * PCI Express Base Specification Revision 2.0 Section
                 * 6.6.1: Conventional Reset.  Do not delay for
                 * devices powered on/off by corresponding bridge,
                 * because have already delayed for the bridge.
                 */
                if (dev->runtime_d3cold) {
                        msleep(dev->d3cold_delay);
                        /*
                         * When powering on a bridge from D3cold, the
                         * whole hierarchy may be powered on into
                         * D0uninitialized state, resume them to give
                         * them a chance to suspend again
                         */
                        pci_wakeup_bus(dev->subordinate);
                }
        }
}

/**
 * __pci_dev_set_current_state - Set current state of a PCI device
 * @dev: Device to handle
 * @data: pointer to state to be set
 */
static int __pci_dev_set_current_state(struct pci_dev *dev, void *data)
{
        pci_power_t state = *(pci_power_t *)data;

        dev->current_state = state;
        return 0;
}

/**
 * __pci_bus_set_current_state - Walk given bus and set current state of devices
 * @bus: Top bus of the subtree to walk.
 * @state: state to be set
 */
static void __pci_bus_set_current_state(struct pci_bus *bus, pci_power_t state)
{
        if (bus)
                pci_walk_bus(bus, __pci_dev_set_current_state, &state);
}

/**
 * __pci_complete_power_transition - Complete power transition of a PCI device
 * @dev: PCI device to handle.
 * @state: State to put the device into.
 *
 * This function should not be called directly by device drivers.
 */
int __pci_complete_power_transition(struct pci_dev *dev, pci_power_t state)
{
        int ret;

        if (state <= PCI_D0)
                return -EINVAL;
        ret = pci_platform_power_transition(dev, state);
        /* Power off the bridge may power off the whole hierarchy */
        if (!ret && state == PCI_D3cold)
                __pci_bus_set_current_state(dev->subordinate, PCI_D3cold);
        return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__pci_complete_power_transition);

/**
 * pci_set_power_state - Set the power state of a PCI device
 * @dev: PCI device to handle.
 * @state: PCI power state (D0, D1, D2, D3hot) to put the device into.
 *
 * Transition a device to a new power state, using the platform firmware and/or
 * the device's PCI PM registers.
 *
 * RETURN VALUE:
 * -EINVAL if the requested state is invalid.
 * -EIO if device does not support PCI PM or its PM capabilities register has a
 * wrong version, or device doesn't support the requested state.
 * 0 if device already is in the requested state.
 * 0 if device's power state has been successfully changed.
 */
int pci_set_power_state(struct pci_dev *dev, pci_power_t state)
{
        int error;

        /* bound the state we're entering */
        if (state > PCI_D3cold)
                state = PCI_D3cold;
        else if (state < PCI_D0)
                state = PCI_D0;
        else if ((state == PCI_D1 || state == PCI_D2) && pci_no_d1d2(dev))
                /*
                 * If the device or the parent bridge do not support PCI PM,
                 * ignore the request if we're doing anything other than putting
                 * it into D0 (which would only happen on boot).
                 */
                return 0;

        /* Check if we're already there */
        if (dev->current_state == state)
                return 0;

        __pci_start_power_transition(dev, state);

        /* This device is quirked not to be put into D3, so
           don't put it in D3 */
        if (state >= PCI_D3hot && (dev->dev_flags & PCI_DEV_FLAGS_NO_D3))
                return 0;

        /*
         * To put device in D3cold, we put device into D3hot in native
         * way, then put device into D3cold with platform ops
         */
        error = pci_raw_set_power_state(dev, state > PCI_D3hot ?
                                        PCI_D3hot : state);

        if (!__pci_complete_power_transition(dev, state))
                error = 0;
        /*
         * When aspm_policy is "powersave" this call ensures
         * that ASPM is configured.
         */
        if (!error && dev->bus->self)
                pcie_aspm_powersave_config_link(dev->bus->self);

        return error;
}

/**
 * pci_choose_state - Choose the power state of a PCI device
 * @dev: PCI device to be suspended
 * @state: target sleep state for the whole system. This is the value
 *      that is passed to suspend() function.
 *
 * Returns PCI power state suitable for given device and given system
 * message.
 */

pci_power_t pci_choose_state(struct pci_dev *dev, pm_message_t state)
{
        pci_power_t ret;

        if (!dev->pm_cap)
                return PCI_D0;

        ret = platform_pci_choose_state(dev);
        if (ret != PCI_POWER_ERROR)
                return ret;

        switch (state.event) {
        case PM_EVENT_ON:
                return PCI_D0;
        case PM_EVENT_FREEZE:
        case PM_EVENT_PRETHAW:
                /* REVISIT both freeze and pre-thaw "should" use D0 */
        case PM_EVENT_SUSPEND:
        case PM_EVENT_HIBERNATE:
                return PCI_D3hot;
        default:
                dev_info(&dev->dev, "unrecognized suspend event %d\n",
                         state.event);
                BUG();
        }
        return PCI_D0;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_choose_state);

#define PCI_EXP_SAVE_REGS       7


static struct pci_cap_saved_state *pci_find_saved_cap(
        struct pci_dev *pci_dev, char cap)
{
        struct pci_cap_saved_state *tmp;

        hlist_for_each_entry(tmp, &pci_dev->saved_cap_space, next) {
                if (tmp->cap.cap_nr == cap)
                        return tmp;
        }
        return NULL;
}

static int pci_save_pcie_state(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int i = 0;
        struct pci_cap_saved_state *save_state;
        u16 *cap;

        if (!pci_is_pcie(dev))
                return 0;

        save_state = pci_find_saved_cap(dev, PCI_CAP_ID_EXP);
        if (!save_state) {
                dev_err(&dev->dev, "buffer not found in %s\n", __func__);
                return -ENOMEM;
        }

        cap = (u16 *)&save_state->cap.data[0];
        pcie_capability_read_word(dev, PCI_EXP_DEVCTL, &cap[i++]);
        pcie_capability_read_word(dev, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL, &cap[i++]);
        pcie_capability_read_word(dev, PCI_EXP_SLTCTL, &cap[i++]);
        pcie_capability_read_word(dev, PCI_EXP_RTCTL,  &cap[i++]);
        pcie_capability_read_word(dev, PCI_EXP_DEVCTL2, &cap[i++]);
        pcie_capability_read_word(dev, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL2, &cap[i++]);
        pcie_capability_read_word(dev, PCI_EXP_SLTCTL2, &cap[i++]);

        return 0;
}

static void pci_restore_pcie_state(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int i = 0;
        struct pci_cap_saved_state *save_state;
        u16 *cap;

        save_state = pci_find_saved_cap(dev, PCI_CAP_ID_EXP);
        if (!save_state)
                return;

        cap = (u16 *)&save_state->cap.data[0];
        pcie_capability_write_word(dev, PCI_EXP_DEVCTL, cap[i++]);
        pcie_capability_write_word(dev, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL, cap[i++]);
        pcie_capability_write_word(dev, PCI_EXP_SLTCTL, cap[i++]);
        pcie_capability_write_word(dev, PCI_EXP_RTCTL, cap[i++]);
        pcie_capability_write_word(dev, PCI_EXP_DEVCTL2, cap[i++]);
        pcie_capability_write_word(dev, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL2, cap[i++]);
        pcie_capability_write_word(dev, PCI_EXP_SLTCTL2, cap[i++]);
}


static int pci_save_pcix_state(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int pos;
        struct pci_cap_saved_state *save_state;

        pos = pci_find_capability(dev, PCI_CAP_ID_PCIX);
        if (pos <= 0)
                return 0;

        save_state = pci_find_saved_cap(dev, PCI_CAP_ID_PCIX);
        if (!save_state) {
                dev_err(&dev->dev, "buffer not found in %s\n", __func__);
                return -ENOMEM;
        }

        pci_read_config_word(dev, pos + PCI_X_CMD,
                             (u16 *)save_state->cap.data);

        return 0;
}

static void pci_restore_pcix_state(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int i = 0, pos;
        struct pci_cap_saved_state *save_state;
        u16 *cap;

        save_state = pci_find_saved_cap(dev, PCI_CAP_ID_PCIX);
        pos = pci_find_capability(dev, PCI_CAP_ID_PCIX);
        if (!save_state || pos <= 0)
                return;
        cap = (u16 *)&save_state->cap.data[0];

        pci_write_config_word(dev, pos + PCI_X_CMD, cap[i++]);
}


/**
 * pci_save_state - save the PCI configuration space of a device before suspending
 * @dev: - PCI device that we're dealing with
 */
int
pci_save_state(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int i;
        /* XXX: 100% dword access ok here? */
        for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
                pci_read_config_dword(dev, i * 4, &dev->saved_config_space[i]);
        dev->state_saved = true;
        if ((i = pci_save_pcie_state(dev)) != 0)
                return i;
        if ((i = pci_save_pcix_state(dev)) != 0)
                return i;
        return 0;
}

static void pci_restore_config_dword(struct pci_dev *pdev, int offset,
                                     u32 saved_val, int retry)
{
        u32 val;

        pci_read_config_dword(pdev, offset, &val);
        if (val == saved_val)
                return;

        for (;;) {
                dev_dbg(&pdev->dev, "restoring config space at offset "
                        "%#x (was %#x, writing %#x)\n", offset, val, saved_val);
                pci_write_config_dword(pdev, offset, saved_val);
                if (retry-- <= 0)
                        return;

                pci_read_config_dword(pdev, offset, &val);
                if (val == saved_val)
                        return;

                mdelay(1);
        }
}

static void pci_restore_config_space_range(struct pci_dev *pdev,
                                           int start, int end, int retry)
{
        int index;

        for (index = end; index >= start; index--)
                pci_restore_config_dword(pdev, 4 * index,
                                         pdev->saved_config_space[index],
                                         retry);
}

static void pci_restore_config_space(struct pci_dev *pdev)
{
        if (pdev->hdr_type == PCI_HEADER_TYPE_NORMAL) {
                pci_restore_config_space_range(pdev, 10, 15, 0);
                /* Restore BARs before the command register. */
                pci_restore_config_space_range(pdev, 4, 9, 10);
                pci_restore_config_space_range(pdev, 0, 3, 0);
        } else {
                pci_restore_config_space_range(pdev, 0, 15, 0);
        }
}

/**
 * pci_restore_state - Restore the saved state of a PCI device
 * @dev: - PCI device that we're dealing with
 */
void pci_restore_state(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        if (!dev->state_saved)
                return;

        /* PCI Express register must be restored first */
        pci_restore_pcie_state(dev);
        pci_restore_ats_state(dev);

        pci_restore_config_space(dev);

        pci_restore_pcix_state(dev);
        pci_restore_msi_state(dev);
        pci_restore_iov_state(dev);

        dev->state_saved = false;
}

struct pci_saved_state {
        u32 config_space[16];
        struct pci_cap_saved_data cap[0];
};

/**
 * pci_store_saved_state - Allocate and return an opaque struct containing
 *                         the device saved state.
 * @dev: PCI device that we're dealing with
 *
 * Return NULL if no state or error.
 */
struct pci_saved_state *pci_store_saved_state(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        struct pci_saved_state *state;
        struct pci_cap_saved_state *tmp;
        struct pci_cap_saved_data *cap;
        size_t size;

        if (!dev->state_saved)
                return NULL;

        size = sizeof(*state) + sizeof(struct pci_cap_saved_data);

        hlist_for_each_entry(tmp, &dev->saved_cap_space, next)
                size += sizeof(struct pci_cap_saved_data) + tmp->cap.size;

        state = kzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!state)
                return NULL;

        memcpy(state->config_space, dev->saved_config_space,
               sizeof(state->config_space));

        cap = state->cap;
        hlist_for_each_entry(tmp, &dev->saved_cap_space, next) {
                size_t len = sizeof(struct pci_cap_saved_data) + tmp->cap.size;
                memcpy(cap, &tmp->cap, len);
                cap = (struct pci_cap_saved_data *)((u8 *)cap + len);
        }
        /* Empty cap_save terminates list */

        return state;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_store_saved_state);

/**
 * pci_load_saved_state - Reload the provided save state into struct pci_dev.
 * @dev: PCI device that we're dealing with
 * @state: Saved state returned from pci_store_saved_state()
 */
int pci_load_saved_state(struct pci_dev *dev, struct pci_saved_state *state)
{
        struct pci_cap_saved_data *cap;

        dev->state_saved = false;

        if (!state)
                return 0;

        memcpy(dev->saved_config_space, state->config_space,
               sizeof(state->config_space));

        cap = state->cap;
        while (cap->size) {
                struct pci_cap_saved_state *tmp;

                tmp = pci_find_saved_cap(dev, cap->cap_nr);
                if (!tmp || tmp->cap.size != cap->size)
                        return -EINVAL;

                memcpy(tmp->cap.data, cap->data, tmp->cap.size);
                cap = (struct pci_cap_saved_data *)((u8 *)cap +
                       sizeof(struct pci_cap_saved_data) + cap->size);
        }

        dev->state_saved = true;
        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_load_saved_state);

/**
 * pci_load_and_free_saved_state - Reload the save state pointed to by state,
 *                                 and free the memory allocated for it.
 * @dev: PCI device that we're dealing with
 * @state: Pointer to saved state returned from pci_store_saved_state()
 */
int pci_load_and_free_saved_state(struct pci_dev *dev,
                                  struct pci_saved_state **state)
{
        int ret = pci_load_saved_state(dev, *state);
        kfree(*state);
        *state = NULL;
        return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_load_and_free_saved_state);

static int do_pci_enable_device(struct pci_dev *dev, int bars)
{
        int err;

        err = pci_set_power_state(dev, PCI_D0);
        if (err < 0 && err != -EIO)
                return err;
        err = pcibios_enable_device(dev, bars);
        if (err < 0)
                return err;
        pci_fixup_device(pci_fixup_enable, dev);

        return 0;
}

/**
 * pci_reenable_device - Resume abandoned device
 * @dev: PCI device to be resumed
 *
 *  Note this function is a backend of pci_default_resume and is not supposed
 *  to be called by normal code, write proper resume handler and use it instead.
 */
int pci_reenable_device(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        if (pci_is_enabled(dev))
                return do_pci_enable_device(dev, (1 << PCI_NUM_RESOURCES) - 1);
        return 0;
}

static void pci_enable_bridge(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        struct pci_dev *bridge;
        int retval;

        bridge = pci_upstream_bridge(dev);
        if (bridge)
                pci_enable_bridge(bridge);

        if (pci_is_enabled(dev)) {
                if (!dev->is_busmaster)
                        pci_set_master(dev);
                return;
        }

        retval = pci_enable_device(dev);
        if (retval)
                dev_err(&dev->dev, "Error enabling bridge (%d), continuing\n",
                        retval);
        pci_set_master(dev);
}

static int pci_enable_device_flags(struct pci_dev *dev, unsigned long flags)
{
        struct pci_dev *bridge;
        int err;
        int i, bars = 0;

        /*
         * Power state could be unknown at this point, either due to a fresh
         * boot or a device removal call.  So get the current power state
         * so that things like MSI message writing will behave as expected
         * (e.g. if the device really is in D0 at enable time).
         */
        if (dev->pm_cap) {
                u16 pmcsr;
                pci_read_config_word(dev, dev->pm_cap + PCI_PM_CTRL, &pmcsr);
                dev->current_state = (pmcsr & PCI_PM_CTRL_STATE_MASK);
        }

        if (atomic_inc_return(&dev->enable_cnt) > 1)
                return 0;               /* already enabled */

        bridge = pci_upstream_bridge(dev);
        if (bridge)
                pci_enable_bridge(bridge);

        /* only skip sriov related */
        for (i = 0; i <= PCI_ROM_RESOURCE; i++)
                if (dev->resource[i].flags & flags)
                        bars |= (1 << i);
        for (i = PCI_BRIDGE_RESOURCES; i < DEVICE_COUNT_RESOURCE; i++)
                if (dev->resource[i].flags & flags)
                        bars |= (1 << i);

        err = do_pci_enable_device(dev, bars);
        if (err < 0)
                atomic_dec(&dev->enable_cnt);
        return err;
}

/**
 * pci_enable_device_io - Initialize a device for use with IO space
 * @dev: PCI device to be initialized
 *
 *  Initialize device before it's used by a driver. Ask low-level code
 *  to enable I/O resources. Wake up the device if it was suspended.
 *  Beware, this function can fail.
 */
int pci_enable_device_io(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        return pci_enable_device_flags(dev, IORESOURCE_IO);
}

/**
 * pci_enable_device_mem - Initialize a device for use with Memory space
 * @dev: PCI device to be initialized
 *
 *  Initialize device before it's used by a driver. Ask low-level code
 *  to enable Memory resources. Wake up the device if it was suspended.
 *  Beware, this function can fail.
 */
int pci_enable_device_mem(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        return pci_enable_device_flags(dev, IORESOURCE_MEM);
}

/**
 * pci_enable_device - Initialize device before it's used by a driver.
 * @dev: PCI device to be initialized
 *
 *  Initialize device before it's used by a driver. Ask low-level code
 *  to enable I/O and memory. Wake up the device if it was suspended.
 *  Beware, this function can fail.
 *
 *  Note we don't actually enable the device many times if we call
 *  this function repeatedly (we just increment the count).
 */
int pci_enable_device(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        return pci_enable_device_flags(dev, IORESOURCE_MEM | IORESOURCE_IO);
}

/*
 * Managed PCI resources.  This manages device on/off, intx/msi/msix
 * on/off and BAR regions.  pci_dev itself records msi/msix status, so
 * there's no need to track it separately.  pci_devres is initialized
 * when a device is enabled using managed PCI device enable interface.
 */
struct pci_devres {
        unsigned int enabled:1;
        unsigned int pinned:1;
        unsigned int orig_intx:1;
        unsigned int restore_intx:1;
        u32 region_mask;
};

static void pcim_release(struct device *gendev, void *res)
{
        struct pci_dev *dev = container_of(gendev, struct pci_dev, dev);
        struct pci_devres *this = res;
        int i;

        if (dev->msi_enabled)
                pci_disable_msi(dev);
        if (dev->msix_enabled)
                pci_disable_msix(dev);

        for (i = 0; i < DEVICE_COUNT_RESOURCE; i++)
                if (this->region_mask & (1 << i))
                        pci_release_region(dev, i);

        if (this->restore_intx)
                pci_intx(dev, this->orig_intx);

        if (this->enabled && !this->pinned)
                pci_disable_device(dev);
}

static struct pci_devres * get_pci_dr(struct pci_dev *pdev)
{
        struct pci_devres *dr, *new_dr;

        dr = devres_find(&pdev->dev, pcim_release, NULL, NULL);
        if (dr)
                return dr;

        new_dr = devres_alloc(pcim_release, sizeof(*new_dr), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!new_dr)
                return NULL;
        return devres_get(&pdev->dev, new_dr, NULL, NULL);
}

static struct pci_devres * find_pci_dr(struct pci_dev *pdev)
{
        if (pci_is_managed(pdev))
                return devres_find(&pdev->dev, pcim_release, NULL, NULL);
        return NULL;
}

/**
 * pcim_enable_device - Managed pci_enable_device()
 * @pdev: PCI device to be initialized
 *
 * Managed pci_enable_device().
 */
int pcim_enable_device(struct pci_dev *pdev)
{
        struct pci_devres *dr;
        int rc;

        dr = get_pci_dr(pdev);
        if (unlikely(!dr))
                return -ENOMEM;
        if (dr->enabled)
                return 0;

        rc = pci_enable_device(pdev);
        if (!rc) {
                pdev->is_managed = 1;
                dr->enabled = 1;
        }
        return rc;
}

/**
 * pcim_pin_device - Pin managed PCI device
 * @pdev: PCI device to pin
 *
 * Pin managed PCI device @pdev.  Pinned device won't be disabled on
 * driver detach.  @pdev must have been enabled with
 * pcim_enable_device().
 */
void pcim_pin_device(struct pci_dev *pdev)
{
        struct pci_devres *dr;

        dr = find_pci_dr(pdev);
        WARN_ON(!dr || !dr->enabled);
        if (dr)
                dr->pinned = 1;
}

/*
 * pcibios_add_device - provide arch specific hooks when adding device dev
 * @dev: the PCI device being added
 *
 * Permits the platform to provide architecture specific functionality when
 * devices are added. This is the default implementation. Architecture
 * implementations can override this.
 */
int __weak pcibios_add_device (struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        return 0;
}

/**
 * pcibios_release_device - provide arch specific hooks when releasing device dev
 * @dev: the PCI device being released
 *
 * Permits the platform to provide architecture specific functionality when
 * devices are released. This is the default implementation. Architecture
 * implementations can override this.
 */
void __weak pcibios_release_device(struct pci_dev *dev) {}

/**
 * pcibios_disable_device - disable arch specific PCI resources for device dev
 * @dev: the PCI device to disable
 *
 * Disables architecture specific PCI resources for the device. This
 * is the default implementation. Architecture implementations can
 * override this.
 */
void __weak pcibios_disable_device (struct pci_dev *dev) {}

static void do_pci_disable_device(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        u16 pci_command;

        pci_read_config_word(dev, PCI_COMMAND, &pci_command);
        if (pci_command & PCI_COMMAND_MASTER) {
                pci_command &= ~PCI_COMMAND_MASTER;
                pci_write_config_word(dev, PCI_COMMAND, pci_command);
        }

        pcibios_disable_device(dev);
}

/**
 * pci_disable_enabled_device - Disable device without updating enable_cnt
 * @dev: PCI device to disable
 *
 * NOTE: This function is a backend of PCI power management routines and is
 * not supposed to be called drivers.
 */
void pci_disable_enabled_device(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        if (pci_is_enabled(dev))
                do_pci_disable_device(dev);
}

/**
 * pci_disable_device - Disable PCI device after use
 * @dev: PCI device to be disabled
 *
 * Signal to the system that the PCI device is not in use by the system
 * anymore.  This only involves disabling PCI bus-mastering, if active.
 *
 * Note we don't actually disable the device until all callers of
 * pci_enable_device() have called pci_disable_device().
 */
void
pci_disable_device(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        struct pci_devres *dr;

        dr = find_pci_dr(dev);
        if (dr)
                dr->enabled = 0;

        dev_WARN_ONCE(&dev->dev, atomic_read(&dev->enable_cnt) <= 0,
                      "disabling already-disabled device");

        if (atomic_dec_return(&dev->enable_cnt) != 0)
                return;

        do_pci_disable_device(dev);

        dev->is_busmaster = 0;
}

/**
 * pcibios_set_pcie_reset_state - set reset state for device dev
 * @dev: the PCIe device reset
 * @state: Reset state to enter into
 *
 *
 * Sets the PCIe reset state for the device. This is the default
 * implementation. Architecture implementations can override this.
 */
int __weak pcibios_set_pcie_reset_state(struct pci_dev *dev,
                                        enum pcie_reset_state state)
{
        return -EINVAL;
}

/**
 * pci_set_pcie_reset_state - set reset state for device dev
 * @dev: the PCIe device reset
 * @state: Reset state to enter into
 *
 *
 * Sets the PCI reset state for the device.
 */
int pci_set_pcie_reset_state(struct pci_dev *dev, enum pcie_reset_state state)
{
        return pcibios_set_pcie_reset_state(dev, state);
}

/**
 * pci_check_pme_status - Check if given device has generated PME.
 * @dev: Device to check.
 *
 * Check the PME status of the device and if set, clear it and clear PME enable
 * (if set).  Return 'true' if PME status and PME enable were both set or
 * 'false' otherwise.
 */
bool pci_check_pme_status(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int pmcsr_pos;
        u16 pmcsr;
        bool ret = false;

        if (!dev->pm_cap)
                return false;

        pmcsr_pos = dev->pm_cap + PCI_PM_CTRL;
        pci_read_config_word(dev, pmcsr_pos, &pmcsr);
        if (!(pmcsr & PCI_PM_CTRL_PME_STATUS))
                return false;

        /* Clear PME status. */
        pmcsr |= PCI_PM_CTRL_PME_STATUS;
        if (pmcsr & PCI_PM_CTRL_PME_ENABLE) {
                /* Disable PME to avoid interrupt flood. */
                pmcsr &= ~PCI_PM_CTRL_PME_ENABLE;
                ret = true;
        }

        pci_write_config_word(dev, pmcsr_pos, pmcsr);

        return ret;
}

/**
 * pci_pme_wakeup - Wake up a PCI device if its PME Status bit is set.
 * @dev: Device to handle.
 * @pme_poll_reset: Whether or not to reset the device's pme_poll flag.
 *
 * Check if @dev has generated PME and queue a resume request for it in that
 * case.
 */
static int pci_pme_wakeup(struct pci_dev *dev, void *pme_poll_reset)
{
        if (pme_poll_reset && dev->pme_poll)
                dev->pme_poll = false;

        if (pci_check_pme_status(dev)) {
                pci_wakeup_event(dev);
                pm_request_resume(&dev->dev);
        }
        return 0;
}

/**
 * pci_pme_wakeup_bus - Walk given bus and wake up devices on it, if necessary.
 * @bus: Top bus of the subtree to walk.
 */
void pci_pme_wakeup_bus(struct pci_bus *bus)
{
        if (bus)
                pci_walk_bus(bus, pci_pme_wakeup, (void *)true);
}

/**
 * pci_wakeup - Wake up a PCI device
 * @pci_dev: Device to handle.
 * @ign: ignored parameter
 */
static int pci_wakeup(struct pci_dev *pci_dev, void *ign)
{
        pci_wakeup_event(pci_dev);
        pm_request_resume(&pci_dev->dev);
        return 0;
}

/**
 * pci_wakeup_bus - Walk given bus and wake up devices on it
 * @bus: Top bus of the subtree to walk.
 */
void pci_wakeup_bus(struct pci_bus *bus)
{
        if (bus)
                pci_walk_bus(bus, pci_wakeup, NULL);
}

/**
 * pci_pme_capable - check the capability of PCI device to generate PME#
 * @dev: PCI device to handle.
 * @state: PCI state from which device will issue PME#.
 */
bool pci_pme_capable(struct pci_dev *dev, pci_power_t state)
{
        if (!dev->pm_cap)
                return false;

        return !!(dev->pme_support & (1 << state));
}

static void pci_pme_list_scan(struct work_struct *work)
{
        struct pci_pme_device *pme_dev, *n;

        mutex_lock(&pci_pme_list_mutex);
        if (!list_empty(&pci_pme_list)) {
                list_for_each_entry_safe(pme_dev, n, &pci_pme_list, list) {
                        if (pme_dev->dev->pme_poll) {
                                struct pci_dev *bridge;

                                bridge = pme_dev->dev->bus->self;
                                /*
                                 * If bridge is in low power state, the
                                 * configuration space of subordinate devices
                                 * may be not accessible
                                 */
                                if (bridge && bridge->current_state != PCI_D0)
                                        continue;
                                pci_pme_wakeup(pme_dev->dev, NULL);
                        } else {
                                list_del(&pme_dev->list);
                                kfree(pme_dev);
                        }
                }
                if (!list_empty(&pci_pme_list))
                        schedule_delayed_work(&pci_pme_work,
                                              msecs_to_jiffies(PME_TIMEOUT));
        }
        mutex_unlock(&pci_pme_list_mutex);
}

/**
 * pci_pme_active - enable or disable PCI device's PME# function
 * @dev: PCI device to handle.
 * @enable: 'true' to enable PME# generation; 'false' to disable it.
 *
 * The caller must verify that the device is capable of generating PME# before
 * calling this function with @enable equal to 'true'.
 */
void pci_pme_active(struct pci_dev *dev, bool enable)
{
        u16 pmcsr;

        if (!dev->pme_support)
                return;

        pci_read_config_word(dev, dev->pm_cap + PCI_PM_CTRL, &pmcsr);
        /* Clear PME_Status by writing 1 to it and enable PME# */
        pmcsr |= PCI_PM_CTRL_PME_STATUS | PCI_PM_CTRL_PME_ENABLE;
        if (!enable)
                pmcsr &= ~PCI_PM_CTRL_PME_ENABLE;

        pci_write_config_word(dev, dev->pm_cap + PCI_PM_CTRL, pmcsr);

        /*
         * PCI (as opposed to PCIe) PME requires that the device have
         * its PME# line hooked up correctly. Not all hardware vendors
         * do this, so the PME never gets delivered and the device
         * remains asleep. The easiest way around this is to
         * periodically walk the list of suspended devices and check
         * whether any have their PME flag set. The assumption is that
         * we'll wake up often enough anyway that this won't be a huge
         * hit, and the power savings from the devices will still be a
         * win.
         *
         * Although PCIe uses in-band PME message instead of PME# line
         * to report PME, PME does not work for some PCIe devices in
         * reality.  For example, there are devices that set their PME
         * status bits, but don't really bother to send a PME message;
         * there are PCI Express Root Ports that don't bother to
         * trigger interrupts when they receive PME messages from the
         * devices below.  So PME poll is used for PCIe devices too.
         */

        if (dev->pme_poll) {
                struct pci_pme_device *pme_dev;
                if (enable) {
                        pme_dev = kmalloc(sizeof(struct pci_pme_device),
                                          GFP_KERNEL);
                        if (!pme_dev) {
                                dev_warn(&dev->dev, "can't enable PME#\n");
                                return;
                        }
                        pme_dev->dev = dev;
                        mutex_lock(&pci_pme_list_mutex);
                        list_add(&pme_dev->list, &pci_pme_list);
                        if (list_is_singular(&pci_pme_list))
                                schedule_delayed_work(&pci_pme_work,
                                                      msecs_to_jiffies(PME_TIMEOUT));
                        mutex_unlock(&pci_pme_list_mutex);
                } else {
                        mutex_lock(&pci_pme_list_mutex);
                        list_for_each_entry(pme_dev, &pci_pme_list, list) {
                                if (pme_dev->dev == dev) {
                                        list_del(&pme_dev->list);
                                        kfree(pme_dev);
                                        break;
                                }
                        }
                        mutex_unlock(&pci_pme_list_mutex);
                }
        }

        dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "PME# %s\n", enable ? "enabled" : "disabled");
}

/**
 * __pci_enable_wake - enable PCI device as wakeup event source
 * @dev: PCI device affected
 * @state: PCI state from which device will issue wakeup events
 * @runtime: True if the events are to be generated at run time
 * @enable: True to enable event generation; false to disable
 *
 * This enables the device as a wakeup event source, or disables it.
 * When such events involves platform-specific hooks, those hooks are
 * called automatically by this routine.
 *
 * Devices with legacy power management (no standard PCI PM capabilities)
 * always require such platform hooks.
 *
 * RETURN VALUE:
 * 0 is returned on success
 * -EINVAL is returned if device is not supposed to wake up the system
 * Error code depending on the platform is returned if both the platform and
 * the native mechanism fail to enable the generation of wake-up events
 */
int __pci_enable_wake(struct pci_dev *dev, pci_power_t state,
                      bool runtime, bool enable)
{
        int ret = 0;

        if (enable && !runtime && !device_may_wakeup(&dev->dev))
                return -EINVAL;

        /* Don't do the same thing twice in a row for one device. */
        if (!!enable == !!dev->wakeup_prepared)
                return 0;

        /*
         * According to "PCI System Architecture" 4th ed. by Tom Shanley & Don
         * Anderson we should be doing PME# wake enable followed by ACPI wake
         * enable.  To disable wake-up we call the platform first, for symmetry.
         */

        if (enable) {
                int error;

                if (pci_pme_capable(dev, state))
                        pci_pme_active(dev, true);
                else
                        ret = 1;
                error = runtime ? platform_pci_run_wake(dev, true) :
                                        platform_pci_sleep_wake(dev, true);
                if (ret)
                        ret = error;
                if (!ret)
                        dev->wakeup_prepared = true;
        } else {
                if (runtime)
                        platform_pci_run_wake(dev, false);
                else
                        platform_pci_sleep_wake(dev, false);
                pci_pme_active(dev, false);
                dev->wakeup_prepared = false;
        }

        return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__pci_enable_wake);

/**
 * pci_wake_from_d3 - enable/disable device to wake up from D3_hot or D3_cold
 * @dev: PCI device to prepare
 * @enable: True to enable wake-up event generation; false to disable
 *
 * Many drivers want the device to wake up the system from D3_hot or D3_cold
 * and this function allows them to set that up cleanly - pci_enable_wake()
 * should not be called twice in a row to enable wake-up due to PCI PM vs ACPI
 * ordering constraints.
 *
 * This function only returns error code if the device is not capable of
 * generating PME# from both D3_hot and D3_cold, and the platform is unable to
 * enable wake-up power for it.
 */
int pci_wake_from_d3(struct pci_dev *dev, bool enable)
{
        return pci_pme_capable(dev, PCI_D3cold) ?
                        pci_enable_wake(dev, PCI_D3cold, enable) :
                        pci_enable_wake(dev, PCI_D3hot, enable);
}

/**
 * pci_target_state - find an appropriate low power state for a given PCI dev
 * @dev: PCI device
 *
 * Use underlying platform code to find a supported low power state for @dev.
 * If the platform can't manage @dev, return the deepest state from which it
 * can generate wake events, based on any available PME info.
 */
pci_power_t pci_target_state(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        pci_power_t target_state = PCI_D3hot;

        if (platform_pci_power_manageable(dev)) {
                /*
                 * Call the platform to choose the target state of the device
                 * and enable wake-up from this state if supported.
                 */
                pci_power_t state = platform_pci_choose_state(dev);

                switch (state) {
                case PCI_POWER_ERROR:
                case PCI_UNKNOWN:
                        break;
                case PCI_D1:
                case PCI_D2:
                        if (pci_no_d1d2(dev))
                                break;
                default:
                        target_state = state;
                }
        } else if (!dev->pm_cap) {
                target_state = PCI_D0;
        } else if (device_may_wakeup(&dev->dev)) {
                /*
                 * Find the deepest state from which the device can generate
                 * wake-up events, make it the target state and enable device
                 * to generate PME#.
                 */
                if (dev->pme_support) {
                        while (target_state
                              && !(dev->pme_support & (1 << target_state)))
                                target_state--;
                }
        }

        return target_state;
}

/**
 * pci_prepare_to_sleep - prepare PCI device for system-wide transition into a sleep state
 * @dev: Device to handle.
 *
 * Choose the power state appropriate for the device depending on whether
 * it can wake up the system and/or is power manageable by the platform
 * (PCI_D3hot is the default) and put the device into that state.
 */
int pci_prepare_to_sleep(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        pci_power_t target_state = pci_target_state(dev);
        int error;

        if (target_state == PCI_POWER_ERROR)
                return -EIO;

        /* D3cold during system suspend/hibernate is not supported */
        if (target_state > PCI_D3hot)
                target_state = PCI_D3hot;

        pci_enable_wake(dev, target_state, device_may_wakeup(&dev->dev));

        error = pci_set_power_state(dev, target_state);

        if (error)
                pci_enable_wake(dev, target_state, false);

        return error;
}

/**
 * pci_back_from_sleep - turn PCI device on during system-wide transition into working state
 * @dev: Device to handle.
 *
 * Disable device's system wake-up capability and put it into D0.
 */
int pci_back_from_sleep(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        pci_enable_wake(dev, PCI_D0, false);
        return pci_set_power_state(dev, PCI_D0);
}

/**
 * pci_finish_runtime_suspend - Carry out PCI-specific part of runtime suspend.
 * @dev: PCI device being suspended.
 *
 * Prepare @dev to generate wake-up events at run time and put it into a low
 * power state.
 */
int pci_finish_runtime_suspend(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        pci_power_t target_state = pci_target_state(dev);
        int error;

        if (target_state == PCI_POWER_ERROR)
                return -EIO;

        dev->runtime_d3cold = target_state == PCI_D3cold;

        __pci_enable_wake(dev, target_state, true, pci_dev_run_wake(dev));

        error = pci_set_power_state(dev, target_state);

        if (error) {
                __pci_enable_wake(dev, target_state, true, false);
                dev->runtime_d3cold = false;
        }

        return error;
}

/**
 * pci_dev_run_wake - Check if device can generate run-time wake-up events.
 * @dev: Device to check.
 *
 * Return true if the device itself is capable of generating wake-up events
 * (through the platform or using the native PCIe PME) or if the device supports
 * PME and one of its upstream bridges can generate wake-up events.
 */
bool pci_dev_run_wake(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        struct pci_bus *bus = dev->bus;

        if (device_run_wake(&dev->dev))
                return true;

        if (!dev->pme_support)
                return false;

        while (bus->parent) {
                struct pci_dev *bridge = bus->self;

                if (device_run_wake(&bridge->dev))
                        return true;

                bus = bus->parent;
        }

        /* We have reached the root bus. */
        if (bus->bridge)
                return device_run_wake(bus->bridge);

        return false;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_dev_run_wake);

void pci_config_pm_runtime_get(struct pci_dev *pdev)
{
        struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
        struct device *parent = dev->parent;

        if (parent)
                pm_runtime_get_sync(parent);
        pm_runtime_get_noresume(dev);
        /*
         * pdev->current_state is set to PCI_D3cold during suspending,
         * so wait until suspending completes
         */
        pm_runtime_barrier(dev);
        /*
         * Only need to resume devices in D3cold, because config
         * registers are still accessible for devices suspended but
         * not in D3cold.
         */
        if (pdev->current_state == PCI_D3cold)
                pm_runtime_resume(dev);
}

void pci_config_pm_runtime_put(struct pci_dev *pdev)
{
        struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
        struct device *parent = dev->parent;

        pm_runtime_put(dev);
        if (parent)
                pm_runtime_put_sync(parent);
}

/**
 * pci_pm_init - Initialize PM functions of given PCI device
 * @dev: PCI device to handle.
 */
void pci_pm_init(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int pm;
        u16 pmc;

        pm_runtime_forbid(&dev->dev);
        pm_runtime_set_active(&dev->dev);
        pm_runtime_enable(&dev->dev);
        device_enable_async_suspend(&dev->dev);
        dev->wakeup_prepared = false;

        dev->pm_cap = 0;
        dev->pme_support = 0;

        /* find PCI PM capability in list */
        pm = pci_find_capability(dev, PCI_CAP_ID_PM);
        if (!pm)
                return;
        /* Check device's ability to generate PME# */
        pci_read_config_word(dev, pm + PCI_PM_PMC, &pmc);

        if ((pmc & PCI_PM_CAP_VER_MASK) > 3) {
                dev_err(&dev->dev, "unsupported PM cap regs version (%u)\n",
                        pmc & PCI_PM_CAP_VER_MASK);
                return;
        }

        dev->pm_cap = pm;
        dev->d3_delay = PCI_PM_D3_WAIT;
        dev->d3cold_delay = PCI_PM_D3COLD_WAIT;
        dev->d3cold_allowed = true;

        dev->d1_support = false;
        dev->d2_support = false;
        if (!pci_no_d1d2(dev)) {
                if (pmc & PCI_PM_CAP_D1)
                        dev->d1_support = true;
                if (pmc & PCI_PM_CAP_D2)
                        dev->d2_support = true;

                if (dev->d1_support || dev->d2_support)
                        dev_printk(KERN_DEBUG, &dev->dev, "supports%s%s\n",
                                   dev->d1_support ? " D1" : "",
                                   dev->d2_support ? " D2" : "");
        }

        pmc &= PCI_PM_CAP_PME_MASK;
        if (pmc) {
                dev_printk(KERN_DEBUG, &dev->dev,
                         "PME# supported from%s%s%s%s%s\n",
                         (pmc & PCI_PM_CAP_PME_D0) ? " D0" : "",
                         (pmc & PCI_PM_CAP_PME_D1) ? " D1" : "",
                         (pmc & PCI_PM_CAP_PME_D2) ? " D2" : "",
                         (pmc & PCI_PM_CAP_PME_D3) ? " D3hot" : "",
                         (pmc & PCI_PM_CAP_PME_D3cold) ? " D3cold" : "");
                dev->pme_support = pmc >> PCI_PM_CAP_PME_SHIFT;
                dev->pme_poll = true;
                /*
                 * Make device's PM flags reflect the wake-up capability, but
                 * let the user space enable it to wake up the system as needed.
                 */
                device_set_wakeup_capable(&dev->dev, true);
                /* Disable the PME# generation functionality */
                pci_pme_active(dev, false);
        }
}

static void pci_add_saved_cap(struct pci_dev *pci_dev,
        struct pci_cap_saved_state *new_cap)
{
        hlist_add_head(&new_cap->next, &pci_dev->saved_cap_space);
}

/**
 * pci_add_cap_save_buffer - allocate buffer for saving given capability registers
 * @dev: the PCI device
 * @cap: the capability to allocate the buffer for
 * @size: requested size of the buffer
 */
static int pci_add_cap_save_buffer(
        struct pci_dev *dev, char cap, unsigned int size)
{
        int pos;
        struct pci_cap_saved_state *save_state;

        pos = pci_find_capability(dev, cap);
        if (pos <= 0)
                return 0;

        save_state = kzalloc(sizeof(*save_state) + size, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!save_state)
                return -ENOMEM;

        save_state->cap.cap_nr = cap;
        save_state->cap.size = size;
        pci_add_saved_cap(dev, save_state);

        return 0;
}

/**
 * pci_allocate_cap_save_buffers - allocate buffers for saving capabilities
 * @dev: the PCI device
 */
void pci_allocate_cap_save_buffers(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int error;

        error = pci_add_cap_save_buffer(dev, PCI_CAP_ID_EXP,
                                        PCI_EXP_SAVE_REGS * sizeof(u16));
        if (error)
                dev_err(&dev->dev,
                        "unable to preallocate PCI Express save buffer\n");

        error = pci_add_cap_save_buffer(dev, PCI_CAP_ID_PCIX, sizeof(u16));
        if (error)
                dev_err(&dev->dev,
                        "unable to preallocate PCI-X save buffer\n");
}

void pci_free_cap_save_buffers(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        struct pci_cap_saved_state *tmp;
        struct hlist_node *n;

        hlist_for_each_entry_safe(tmp, n, &dev->saved_cap_space, next)
                kfree(tmp);
}

/**
 * pci_configure_ari - enable or disable ARI forwarding
 * @dev: the PCI device
 *
 * If @dev and its upstream bridge both support ARI, enable ARI in the
 * bridge.  Otherwise, disable ARI in the bridge.
 */
void pci_configure_ari(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        u32 cap;
        struct pci_dev *bridge;

        if (pcie_ari_disabled || !pci_is_pcie(dev) || dev->devfn)
                return;

        bridge = dev->bus->self;
        if (!bridge)
                return;

        pcie_capability_read_dword(bridge, PCI_EXP_DEVCAP2, &cap);
        if (!(cap & PCI_EXP_DEVCAP2_ARI))
                return;

        if (pci_find_ext_capability(dev, PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_ARI)) {
                pcie_capability_set_word(bridge, PCI_EXP_DEVCTL2,
                                         PCI_EXP_DEVCTL2_ARI);
                bridge->ari_enabled = 1;
        } else {
                pcie_capability_clear_word(bridge, PCI_EXP_DEVCTL2,
                                           PCI_EXP_DEVCTL2_ARI);
                bridge->ari_enabled = 0;
        }
}

/**
 * pci_enable_ido - enable ID-based Ordering on a device
 * @dev: the PCI device
 * @type: which types of IDO to enable
 *
 * Enable ID-based ordering on @dev.  @type can contain the bits
 * %PCI_EXP_IDO_REQUEST and/or %PCI_EXP_IDO_COMPLETION to indicate
 * which types of transactions are allowed to be re-ordered.
 */
void pci_enable_ido(struct pci_dev *dev, unsigned long type)
{
        u16 ctrl = 0;

        if (type & PCI_EXP_IDO_REQUEST)
                ctrl |= PCI_EXP_DEVCTL2_IDO_REQ_EN;
        if (type & PCI_EXP_IDO_COMPLETION)
                ctrl |= PCI_EXP_DEVCTL2_IDO_CMP_EN;
        if (ctrl)
                pcie_capability_set_word(dev, PCI_EXP_DEVCTL2, ctrl);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_enable_ido);

/**
 * pci_disable_ido - disable ID-based ordering on a device
 * @dev: the PCI device
 * @type: which types of IDO to disable
 */
void pci_disable_ido(struct pci_dev *dev, unsigned long type)
{
        u16 ctrl = 0;

        if (type & PCI_EXP_IDO_REQUEST)
                ctrl |= PCI_EXP_DEVCTL2_IDO_REQ_EN;
        if (type & PCI_EXP_IDO_COMPLETION)
                ctrl |= PCI_EXP_DEVCTL2_IDO_CMP_EN;
        if (ctrl)
                pcie_capability_clear_word(dev, PCI_EXP_DEVCTL2, ctrl);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_disable_ido);

static int pci_acs_enable;

/**
 * pci_request_acs - ask for ACS to be enabled if supported
 */
void pci_request_acs(void)
{
        pci_acs_enable = 1;
}

/**
 * pci_enable_acs - enable ACS if hardware support it
 * @dev: the PCI device
 */
void pci_enable_acs(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int pos;
        u16 cap;
        u16 ctrl;

        if (!pci_acs_enable)
                return;

        pos = pci_find_ext_capability(dev, PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_ACS);
        if (!pos)
                return;

        pci_read_config_word(dev, pos + PCI_ACS_CAP, &cap);
        pci_read_config_word(dev, pos + PCI_ACS_CTRL, &ctrl);

        /* Source Validation */
        ctrl |= (cap & PCI_ACS_SV);

        /* P2P Request Redirect */
        ctrl |= (cap & PCI_ACS_RR);

        /* P2P Completion Redirect */
        ctrl |= (cap & PCI_ACS_CR);

        /* Upstream Forwarding */
        ctrl |= (cap & PCI_ACS_UF);

        pci_write_config_word(dev, pos + PCI_ACS_CTRL, ctrl);
}

static bool pci_acs_flags_enabled(struct pci_dev *pdev, u16 acs_flags)
{
        int pos;
        u16 cap, ctrl;

        pos = pci_find_ext_capability(pdev, PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_ACS);
        if (!pos)
                return false;

        /*
         * Except for egress control, capabilities are either required
         * or only required if controllable.  Features missing from the
         * capability field can therefore be assumed as hard-wired enabled.
         */
        pci_read_config_word(pdev, pos + PCI_ACS_CAP, &cap);
        acs_flags &= (cap | PCI_ACS_EC);

        pci_read_config_word(pdev, pos + PCI_ACS_CTRL, &ctrl);
        return (ctrl & acs_flags) == acs_flags;
}

/**
 * pci_acs_enabled - test ACS against required flags for a given device
 * @pdev: device to test
 * @acs_flags: required PCI ACS flags
 *
 * Return true if the device supports the provided flags.  Automatically
 * filters out flags that are not implemented on multifunction devices.
 *
 * Note that this interface checks the effective ACS capabilities of the
 * device rather than the actual capabilities.  For instance, most single
 * function endpoints are not required to support ACS because they have no
 * opportunity for peer-to-peer access.  We therefore return 'true'
 * regardless of whether the device exposes an ACS capability.  This makes
 * it much easier for callers of this function to ignore the actual type
 * or topology of the device when testing ACS support.
 */
bool pci_acs_enabled(struct pci_dev *pdev, u16 acs_flags)
{
        int ret;

        ret = pci_dev_specific_acs_enabled(pdev, acs_flags);
        if (ret >= 0)
                return ret > 0;

        /*
         * Conventional PCI and PCI-X devices never support ACS, either
         * effectively or actually.  The shared bus topology implies that
         * any device on the bus can receive or snoop DMA.
         */
        if (!pci_is_pcie(pdev))
                return false;

        switch (pci_pcie_type(pdev)) {
        /*
         * PCI/X-to-PCIe bridges are not specifically mentioned by the spec,
         * but since their primary interface is PCI/X, we conservatively
         * handle them as we would a non-PCIe device.
         */
        case PCI_EXP_TYPE_PCIE_BRIDGE:
        /*
         * PCIe 3.0, 6.12.1 excludes ACS on these devices.  "ACS is never
         * applicable... must never implement an ACS Extended Capability...".
         * This seems arbitrary, but we take a conservative interpretation
         * of this statement.
         */
        case PCI_EXP_TYPE_PCI_BRIDGE:
        case PCI_EXP_TYPE_RC_EC:
                return false;
        /*
         * PCIe 3.0, 6.12.1.1 specifies that downstream and root ports should
         * implement ACS in order to indicate their peer-to-peer capabilities,
         * regardless of whether they are single- or multi-function devices.
         */
        case PCI_EXP_TYPE_DOWNSTREAM:
        case PCI_EXP_TYPE_ROOT_PORT:
                return pci_acs_flags_enabled(pdev, acs_flags);
        /*
         * PCIe 3.0, 6.12.1.2 specifies ACS capabilities that should be
         * implemented by the remaining PCIe types to indicate peer-to-peer
         * capabilities, but only when they are part of a multifunction
         * device.  The footnote for section 6.12 indicates the specific
         * PCIe types included here.
         */
        case PCI_EXP_TYPE_ENDPOINT:
        case PCI_EXP_TYPE_UPSTREAM:
        case PCI_EXP_TYPE_LEG_END:
        case PCI_EXP_TYPE_RC_END:
                if (!pdev->multifunction)
                        break;

                return pci_acs_flags_enabled(pdev, acs_flags);
        }

        /*
         * PCIe 3.0, 6.12.1.3 specifies no ACS capabilities are applicable
         * to single function devices with the exception of downstream ports.
         */
        return true;
}

/**
 * pci_acs_path_enable - test ACS flags from start to end in a hierarchy
 * @start: starting downstream device
 * @end: ending upstream device or NULL to search to the root bus
 * @acs_flags: required flags
 *
 * Walk up a device tree from start to end testing PCI ACS support.  If
 * any step along the way does not support the required flags, return false.
 */
bool pci_acs_path_enabled(struct pci_dev *start,
                          struct pci_dev *end, u16 acs_flags)
{
        struct pci_dev *pdev, *parent = start;

        do {
                pdev = parent;

                if (!pci_acs_enabled(pdev, acs_flags))
                        return false;

                if (pci_is_root_bus(pdev->bus))
                        return (end == NULL);

                parent = pdev->bus->self;
        } while (pdev != end);

        return true;
}

/**
 * pci_swizzle_interrupt_pin - swizzle INTx for device behind bridge
 * @dev: the PCI device
 * @pin: the INTx pin (1=INTA, 2=INTB, 3=INTC, 4=INTD)
 *
 * Perform INTx swizzling for a device behind one level of bridge.  This is
 * required by section 9.1 of the PCI-to-PCI bridge specification for devices
 * behind bridges on add-in cards.  For devices with ARI enabled, the slot
 * number is always 0 (see the Implementation Note in section 2.2.8.1 of
 * the PCI Express Base Specification, Revision 2.1)
 */
u8 pci_swizzle_interrupt_pin(const struct pci_dev *dev, u8 pin)
{
        int slot;

        if (pci_ari_enabled(dev->bus))
                slot = 0;
        else
                slot = PCI_SLOT(dev->devfn);

        return (((pin - 1) + slot) % 4) + 1;
}

int
pci_get_interrupt_pin(struct pci_dev *dev, struct pci_dev **bridge)
{
        u8 pin;

        pin = dev->pin;
        if (!pin)
                return -1;

        while (!pci_is_root_bus(dev->bus)) {
                pin = pci_swizzle_interrupt_pin(dev, pin);
                dev = dev->bus->self;
        }
        *bridge = dev;
        return pin;
}

/**
 * pci_common_swizzle - swizzle INTx all the way to root bridge
 * @dev: the PCI device
 * @pinp: pointer to the INTx pin value (1=INTA, 2=INTB, 3=INTD, 4=INTD)
 *
 * Perform INTx swizzling for a device.  This traverses through all PCI-to-PCI
 * bridges all the way up to a PCI root bus.
 */
u8 pci_common_swizzle(struct pci_dev *dev, u8 *pinp)
{
        u8 pin = *pinp;

        while (!pci_is_root_bus(dev->bus)) {
                pin = pci_swizzle_interrupt_pin(dev, pin);
                dev = dev->bus->self;
        }
        *pinp = pin;
        return PCI_SLOT(dev->devfn);
}

/**
 *      pci_release_region - Release a PCI bar
 *      @pdev: PCI device whose resources were previously reserved by pci_request_region
 *      @bar: BAR to release
 *
 *      Releases the PCI I/O and memory resources previously reserved by a
 *      successful call to pci_request_region.  Call this function only
 *      after all use of the PCI regions has ceased.
 */
void pci_release_region(struct pci_dev *pdev, int bar)
{
        struct pci_devres *dr;

        if (pci_resource_len(pdev, bar) == 0)
                return;
        if (pci_resource_flags(pdev, bar) & IORESOURCE_IO)
                release_region(pci_resource_start(pdev, bar),
                                pci_resource_len(pdev, bar));
        else if (pci_resource_flags(pdev, bar) & IORESOURCE_MEM)
                release_mem_region(pci_resource_start(pdev, bar),
                                pci_resource_len(pdev, bar));

        dr = find_pci_dr(pdev);
        if (dr)
                dr->region_mask &= ~(1 << bar);
}

/**
 *      __pci_request_region - Reserved PCI I/O and memory resource
 *      @pdev: PCI device whose resources are to be reserved
 *      @bar: BAR to be reserved
 *      @res_name: Name to be associated with resource.
 *      @exclusive: whether the region access is exclusive or not
 *
 *      Mark the PCI region associated with PCI device @pdev BR @bar as
 *      being reserved by owner @res_name.  Do not access any
 *      address inside the PCI regions unless this call returns
 *      successfully.
 *
 *      If @exclusive is set, then the region is marked so that userspace
 *      is explicitly not allowed to map the resource via /dev/mem or
 *      sysfs MMIO access.
 *
 *      Returns 0 on success, or %EBUSY on error.  A warning
 *      message is also printed on failure.
 */
static int __pci_request_region(struct pci_dev *pdev, int bar, const char *res_name,
                                                                        int exclusive)
{
        struct pci_devres *dr;

        if (pci_resource_len(pdev, bar) == 0)
                return 0;

        if (pci_resource_flags(pdev, bar) & IORESOURCE_IO) {
                if (!request_region(pci_resource_start(pdev, bar),
                            pci_resource_len(pdev, bar), res_name))
                        goto err_out;
        }
        else if (pci_resource_flags(pdev, bar) & IORESOURCE_MEM) {
                if (!__request_mem_region(pci_resource_start(pdev, bar),
                                        pci_resource_len(pdev, bar), res_name,
                                        exclusive))
                        goto err_out;
        }

        dr = find_pci_dr(pdev);
        if (dr)
                dr->region_mask |= 1 << bar;

        return 0;

err_out:
        dev_warn(&pdev->dev, "BAR %d: can't reserve %pR\n", bar,
                 &pdev->resource[bar]);
        return -EBUSY;
}

/**
 *      pci_request_region - Reserve PCI I/O and memory resource
 *      @pdev: PCI device whose resources are to be reserved
 *      @bar: BAR to be reserved
 *      @res_name: Name to be associated with resource
 *
 *      Mark the PCI region associated with PCI device @pdev BAR @bar as
 *      being reserved by owner @res_name.  Do not access any
 *      address inside the PCI regions unless this call returns
 *      successfully.
 *
 *      Returns 0 on success, or %EBUSY on error.  A warning
 *      message is also printed on failure.
 */
int pci_request_region(struct pci_dev *pdev, int bar, const char *res_name)
{
        return __pci_request_region(pdev, bar, res_name, 0);
}

/**
 *      pci_request_region_exclusive - Reserved PCI I/O and memory resource
 *      @pdev: PCI device whose resources are to be reserved
 *      @bar: BAR to be reserved
 *      @res_name: Name to be associated with resource.
 *
 *      Mark the PCI region associated with PCI device @pdev BR @bar as
 *      being reserved by owner @res_name.  Do not access any
 *      address inside the PCI regions unless this call returns
 *      successfully.
 *
 *      Returns 0 on success, or %EBUSY on error.  A warning
 *      message is also printed on failure.
 *
 *      The key difference that _exclusive makes it that userspace is
 *      explicitly not allowed to map the resource via /dev/mem or
 *      sysfs.
 */
int pci_request_region_exclusive(struct pci_dev *pdev, int bar, const char *res_name)
{
        return __pci_request_region(pdev, bar, res_name, IORESOURCE_EXCLUSIVE);
}
/**
 * pci_release_selected_regions - Release selected PCI I/O and memory resources
 * @pdev: PCI device whose resources were previously reserved
 * @bars: Bitmask of BARs to be released
 *
 * Release selected PCI I/O and memory resources previously reserved.
 * Call this function only after all use of the PCI regions has ceased.
 */
void pci_release_selected_regions(struct pci_dev *pdev, int bars)
{
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
                if (bars & (1 << i))
                        pci_release_region(pdev, i);
}

static int __pci_request_selected_regions(struct pci_dev *pdev, int bars,
                                 const char *res_name, int excl)
{
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
                if (bars & (1 << i))
                        if (__pci_request_region(pdev, i, res_name, excl))
                                goto err_out;
        return 0;

err_out:
        while(--i >= 0)
                if (bars & (1 << i))
                        pci_release_region(pdev, i);

        return -EBUSY;
}


/**
 * pci_request_selected_regions - Reserve selected PCI I/O and memory resources
 * @pdev: PCI device whose resources are to be reserved
 * @bars: Bitmask of BARs to be requested
 * @res_name: Name to be associated with resource
 */
int pci_request_selected_regions(struct pci_dev *pdev, int bars,
                                 const char *res_name)
{
        return __pci_request_selected_regions(pdev, bars, res_name, 0);
}

int pci_request_selected_regions_exclusive(struct pci_dev *pdev,
                                 int bars, const char *res_name)
{
        return __pci_request_selected_regions(pdev, bars, res_name,
                        IORESOURCE_EXCLUSIVE);
}

/**
 *      pci_release_regions - Release reserved PCI I/O and memory resources
 *      @pdev: PCI device whose resources were previously reserved by pci_request_regions
 *
 *      Releases all PCI I/O and memory resources previously reserved by a
 *      successful call to pci_request_regions.  Call this function only
 *      after all use of the PCI regions has ceased.
 */

void pci_release_regions(struct pci_dev *pdev)
{
        pci_release_selected_regions(pdev, (1 << 6) - 1);
}

/**
 *      pci_request_regions - Reserved PCI I/O and memory resources
 *      @pdev: PCI device whose resources are to be reserved
 *      @res_name: Name to be associated with resource.
 *
 *      Mark all PCI regions associated with PCI device @pdev as
 *      being reserved by owner @res_name.  Do not access any
 *      address inside the PCI regions unless this call returns
 *      successfully.
 *
 *      Returns 0 on success, or %EBUSY on error.  A warning
 *      message is also printed on failure.
 */
int pci_request_regions(struct pci_dev *pdev, const char *res_name)
{
        return pci_request_selected_regions(pdev, ((1 << 6) - 1), res_name);
}

/**
 *      pci_request_regions_exclusive - Reserved PCI I/O and memory resources
 *      @pdev: PCI device whose resources are to be reserved
 *      @res_name: Name to be associated with resource.
 *
 *      Mark all PCI regions associated with PCI device @pdev as
 *      being reserved by owner @res_name.  Do not access any
 *      address inside the PCI regions unless this call returns
 *      successfully.
 *
 *      pci_request_regions_exclusive() will mark the region so that
 *      /dev/mem and the sysfs MMIO access will not be allowed.
 *
 *      Returns 0 on success, or %EBUSY on error.  A warning
 *      message is also printed on failure.
 */
int pci_request_regions_exclusive(struct pci_dev *pdev, const char *res_name)
{
        return pci_request_selected_regions_exclusive(pdev,
                                        ((1 << 6) - 1), res_name);
}

static void __pci_set_master(struct pci_dev *dev, bool enable)
{
        u16 old_cmd, cmd;

        pci_read_config_word(dev, PCI_COMMAND, &old_cmd);
        if (enable)
                cmd = old_cmd | PCI_COMMAND_MASTER;
        else
                cmd = old_cmd & ~PCI_COMMAND_MASTER;
        if (cmd != old_cmd) {
                dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "%s bus mastering\n",
                        enable ? "enabling" : "disabling");
                pci_write_config_word(dev, PCI_COMMAND, cmd);
        }
        dev->is_busmaster = enable;
}

/**
 * pcibios_setup - process "pci=" kernel boot arguments
 * @str: string used to pass in "pci=" kernel boot arguments
 *
 * Process kernel boot arguments.  This is the default implementation.
 * Architecture specific implementations can override this as necessary.
 */
char * __weak __init pcibios_setup(char *str)
{
        return str;
}

/**
 * pcibios_set_master - enable PCI bus-mastering for device dev
 * @dev: the PCI device to enable
 *
 * Enables PCI bus-mastering for the device.  This is the default
 * implementation.  Architecture specific implementations can override
 * this if necessary.
 */
void __weak pcibios_set_master(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        u8 lat;

        /* The latency timer doesn't apply to PCIe (either Type 0 or Type 1) */
        if (pci_is_pcie(dev))
                return;

        pci_read_config_byte(dev, PCI_LATENCY_TIMER, &lat);
        if (lat < 16)
                lat = (64 <= pcibios_max_latency) ? 64 : pcibios_max_latency;
        else if (lat > pcibios_max_latency)
                lat = pcibios_max_latency;
        else
                return;

        pci_write_config_byte(dev, PCI_LATENCY_TIMER, lat);
}

/**
 * pci_set_master - enables bus-mastering for device dev
 * @dev: the PCI device to enable
 *
 * Enables bus-mastering on the device and calls pcibios_set_master()
 * to do the needed arch specific settings.
 */
void pci_set_master(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        __pci_set_master(dev, true);
        pcibios_set_master(dev);
}

/**
 * pci_clear_master - disables bus-mastering for device dev
 * @dev: the PCI device to disable
 */
void pci_clear_master(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        __pci_set_master(dev, false);
}

/**
 * pci_set_cacheline_size - ensure the CACHE_LINE_SIZE register is programmed
 * @dev: the PCI device for which MWI is to be enabled
 *
 * Helper function for pci_set_mwi.
 * Originally copied from drivers/net/acenic.c.
 * Copyright 1998-2001 by Jes Sorensen, <jes@trained-monkey.org>.
 *
 * RETURNS: An appropriate -ERRNO error value on error, or zero for success.
 */
int pci_set_cacheline_size(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        u8 cacheline_size;

        if (!pci_cache_line_size)
                return -EINVAL;

        /* Validate current setting: the PCI_CACHE_LINE_SIZE must be
           equal to or multiple of the right value. */
        pci_read_config_byte(dev, PCI_CACHE_LINE_SIZE, &cacheline_size);
        if (cacheline_size >= pci_cache_line_size &&
            (cacheline_size % pci_cache_line_size) == 0)
                return 0;

        /* Write the correct value. */
        pci_write_config_byte(dev, PCI_CACHE_LINE_SIZE, pci_cache_line_size);
        /* Read it back. */
        pci_read_config_byte(dev, PCI_CACHE_LINE_SIZE, &cacheline_size);
        if (cacheline_size == pci_cache_line_size)
                return 0;

        dev_printk(KERN_DEBUG, &dev->dev, "cache line size of %d is not "
                   "supported\n", pci_cache_line_size << 2);

        return -EINVAL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_set_cacheline_size);

#ifdef PCI_DISABLE_MWI
int pci_set_mwi(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        return 0;
}

int pci_try_set_mwi(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        return 0;
}

void pci_clear_mwi(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
}

#else

/**
 * pci_set_mwi - enables memory-write-invalidate PCI transaction
 * @dev: the PCI device for which MWI is enabled
 *
 * Enables the Memory-Write-Invalidate transaction in %PCI_COMMAND.
 *
 * RETURNS: An appropriate -ERRNO error value on error, or zero for success.
 */
int
pci_set_mwi(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int rc;
        u16 cmd;

        rc = pci_set_cacheline_size(dev);
        if (rc)
                return rc;

        pci_read_config_word(dev, PCI_COMMAND, &cmd);
        if (! (cmd & PCI_COMMAND_INVALIDATE)) {
                dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "enabling Mem-Wr-Inval\n");
                cmd |= PCI_COMMAND_INVALIDATE;
                pci_write_config_word(dev, PCI_COMMAND, cmd);
        }

        return 0;
}

/**
 * pci_try_set_mwi - enables memory-write-invalidate PCI transaction
 * @dev: the PCI device for which MWI is enabled
 *
 * Enables the Memory-Write-Invalidate transaction in %PCI_COMMAND.
 * Callers are not required to check the return value.
 *
 * RETURNS: An appropriate -ERRNO error value on error, or zero for success.
 */
int pci_try_set_mwi(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int rc = pci_set_mwi(dev);
        return rc;
}

/**
 * pci_clear_mwi - disables Memory-Write-Invalidate for device dev
 * @dev: the PCI device to disable
 *
 * Disables PCI Memory-Write-Invalidate transaction on the device
 */
void
pci_clear_mwi(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        u16 cmd;

        pci_read_config_word(dev, PCI_COMMAND, &cmd);
        if (cmd & PCI_COMMAND_INVALIDATE) {
                cmd &= ~PCI_COMMAND_INVALIDATE;
                pci_write_config_word(dev, PCI_COMMAND, cmd);
        }
}
#endif /* ! PCI_DISABLE_MWI */

/**
 * pci_intx - enables/disables PCI INTx for device dev
 * @pdev: the PCI device to operate on
 * @enable: boolean: whether to enable or disable PCI INTx
 *
 * Enables/disables PCI INTx for device dev
 */
void
pci_intx(struct pci_dev *pdev, int enable)
{
        u16 pci_command, new;

        pci_read_config_word(pdev, PCI_COMMAND, &pci_command);

        if (enable) {
                new = pci_command & ~PCI_COMMAND_INTX_DISABLE;
        } else {
                new = pci_command | PCI_COMMAND_INTX_DISABLE;
        }

        if (new != pci_command) {
                struct pci_devres *dr;

                pci_write_config_word(pdev, PCI_COMMAND, new);

                dr = find_pci_dr(pdev);
                if (dr && !dr->restore_intx) {
                        dr->restore_intx = 1;
                        dr->orig_intx = !enable;
                }
        }
}

/**
 * pci_intx_mask_supported - probe for INTx masking support
 * @dev: the PCI device to operate on
 *
 * Check if the device dev support INTx masking via the config space
 * command word.
 */
bool pci_intx_mask_supported(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        bool mask_supported = false;
        u16 orig, new;

        if (dev->broken_intx_masking)
                return false;

        pci_cfg_access_lock(dev);

        pci_read_config_word(dev, PCI_COMMAND, &orig);
        pci_write_config_word(dev, PCI_COMMAND,
                              orig ^ PCI_COMMAND_INTX_DISABLE);
        pci_read_config_word(dev, PCI_COMMAND, &new);

        /*
         * There's no way to protect against hardware bugs or detect them
         * reliably, but as long as we know what the value should be, let's
         * go ahead and check it.
         */
        if ((new ^ orig) & ~PCI_COMMAND_INTX_DISABLE) {
                dev_err(&dev->dev, "Command register changed from "
                        "0x%x to 0x%x: driver or hardware bug?\n", orig, new);
        } else if ((new ^ orig) & PCI_COMMAND_INTX_DISABLE) {
                mask_supported = true;
                pci_write_config_word(dev, PCI_COMMAND, orig);
        }

        pci_cfg_access_unlock(dev);
        return mask_supported;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_intx_mask_supported);

static bool pci_check_and_set_intx_mask(struct pci_dev *dev, bool mask)
{
        struct pci_bus *bus = dev->bus;
        bool mask_updated = true;
        u32 cmd_status_dword;
        u16 origcmd, newcmd;
        unsigned long flags;
        bool irq_pending;

        /*
         * We do a single dword read to retrieve both command and status.
         * Document assumptions that make this possible.
         */
        BUILD_BUG_ON(PCI_COMMAND % 4);
        BUILD_BUG_ON(PCI_COMMAND + 2 != PCI_STATUS);

        raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&pci_lock, flags);

        bus->ops->read(bus, dev->devfn, PCI_COMMAND, 4, &cmd_status_dword);

        irq_pending = (cmd_status_dword >> 16) & PCI_STATUS_INTERRUPT;

        /*
         * Check interrupt status register to see whether our device
         * triggered the interrupt (when masking) or the next IRQ is
         * already pending (when unmasking).
         */
        if (mask != irq_pending) {
                mask_updated = false;
                goto done;
        }

        origcmd = cmd_status_dword;
        newcmd = origcmd & ~PCI_COMMAND_INTX_DISABLE;
        if (mask)
                newcmd |= PCI_COMMAND_INTX_DISABLE;
        if (newcmd != origcmd)
                bus->ops->write(bus, dev->devfn, PCI_COMMAND, 2, newcmd);

done:
        raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pci_lock, flags);

        return mask_updated;
}

/**
 * pci_check_and_mask_intx - mask INTx on pending interrupt
 * @dev: the PCI device to operate on
 *
 * Check if the device dev has its INTx line asserted, mask it and
 * return true in that case. False is returned if not interrupt was
 * pending.
 */
bool pci_check_and_mask_intx(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        return pci_check_and_set_intx_mask(dev, true);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_check_and_mask_intx);

/**
 * pci_check_and_mask_intx - unmask INTx of no interrupt is pending
 * @dev: the PCI device to operate on
 *
 * Check if the device dev has its INTx line asserted, unmask it if not
 * and return true. False is returned and the mask remains active if
 * there was still an interrupt pending.
 */
bool pci_check_and_unmask_intx(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        return pci_check_and_set_intx_mask(dev, false);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_check_and_unmask_intx);

/**
 * pci_msi_off - disables any MSI or MSI-X capabilities
 * @dev: the PCI device to operate on
 *
 * If you want to use MSI, see pci_enable_msi() and friends.
 * This is a lower-level primitive that allows us to disable
 * MSI operation at the device level.
 */
void pci_msi_off(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int pos;
        u16 control;

        /*
         * This looks like it could go in msi.c, but we need it even when
         * CONFIG_PCI_MSI=n.  For the same reason, we can't use
         * dev->msi_cap or dev->msix_cap here.
         */
        pos = pci_find_capability(dev, PCI_CAP_ID_MSI);
        if (pos) {
                pci_read_config_word(dev, pos + PCI_MSI_FLAGS, &control);
                control &= ~PCI_MSI_FLAGS_ENABLE;
                pci_write_config_word(dev, pos + PCI_MSI_FLAGS, control);
        }
        pos = pci_find_capability(dev, PCI_CAP_ID_MSIX);
        if (pos) {
                pci_read_config_word(dev, pos + PCI_MSIX_FLAGS, &control);
                control &= ~PCI_MSIX_FLAGS_ENABLE;
                pci_write_config_word(dev, pos + PCI_MSIX_FLAGS, control);
        }
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_msi_off);

int pci_set_dma_max_seg_size(struct pci_dev *dev, unsigned int size)
{
        return dma_set_max_seg_size(&dev->dev, size);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_set_dma_max_seg_size);

int pci_set_dma_seg_boundary(struct pci_dev *dev, unsigned long mask)
{
        return dma_set_seg_boundary(&dev->dev, mask);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_set_dma_seg_boundary);

/**
 * pci_wait_for_pending_transaction - waits for pending transaction
 * @dev: the PCI device to operate on
 *
 * Return 0 if transaction is pending 1 otherwise.
 */
int pci_wait_for_pending_transaction(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int i;
        u16 status;

        /* Wait for Transaction Pending bit clean */
        for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                if (i)
                        msleep((1 << (i - 1)) * 100);

                pcie_capability_read_word(dev, PCI_EXP_DEVSTA, &status);
                if (!(status & PCI_EXP_DEVSTA_TRPND))
                        return 1;
        }

        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_wait_for_pending_transaction);

static int pcie_flr(struct pci_dev *dev, int probe)
{
        u32 cap;

        pcie_capability_read_dword(dev, PCI_EXP_DEVCAP, &cap);
        if (!(cap & PCI_EXP_DEVCAP_FLR))
                return -ENOTTY;

        if (probe)
                return 0;

        if (!pci_wait_for_pending_transaction(dev))
                dev_err(&dev->dev, "transaction is not cleared; proceeding with reset anyway\n");

        pcie_capability_set_word(dev, PCI_EXP_DEVCTL, PCI_EXP_DEVCTL_BCR_FLR);

        msleep(100);

        return 0;
}

static int pci_af_flr(struct pci_dev *dev, int probe)
{
        int i;
        int pos;
        u8 cap;
        u8 status;

        pos = pci_find_capability(dev, PCI_CAP_ID_AF);
        if (!pos)
                return -ENOTTY;

        pci_read_config_byte(dev, pos + PCI_AF_CAP, &cap);
        if (!(cap & PCI_AF_CAP_TP) || !(cap & PCI_AF_CAP_FLR))
                return -ENOTTY;

        if (probe)
                return 0;

        /* Wait for Transaction Pending bit clean */
        for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                if (i)
                        msleep((1 << (i - 1)) * 100);

                pci_read_config_byte(dev, pos + PCI_AF_STATUS, &status);
                if (!(status & PCI_AF_STATUS_TP))
                        goto clear;
        }

        dev_err(&dev->dev, "transaction is not cleared; "
                        "proceeding with reset anyway\n");

clear:
        pci_write_config_byte(dev, pos + PCI_AF_CTRL, PCI_AF_CTRL_FLR);
        msleep(100);

        return 0;
}

/**
 * pci_pm_reset - Put device into PCI_D3 and back into PCI_D0.
 * @dev: Device to reset.
 * @probe: If set, only check if the device can be reset this way.
 *
 * If @dev supports native PCI PM and its PCI_PM_CTRL_NO_SOFT_RESET flag is
 * unset, it will be reinitialized internally when going from PCI_D3hot to
 * PCI_D0.  If that's the case and the device is not in a low-power state
 * already, force it into PCI_D3hot and back to PCI_D0, causing it to be reset.
 *
 * NOTE: This causes the caller to sleep for twice the device power transition
 * cooldown period, which for the D0->D3hot and D3hot->D0 transitions is 10 ms
 * by default (i.e. unless the @dev's d3_delay field has a different value).
 * Moreover, only devices in D0 can be reset by this function.
 */
static int pci_pm_reset(struct pci_dev *dev, int probe)
{
        u16 csr;

        if (!dev->pm_cap)
                return -ENOTTY;

        pci_read_config_word(dev, dev->pm_cap + PCI_PM_CTRL, &csr);
        if (csr & PCI_PM_CTRL_NO_SOFT_RESET)
                return -ENOTTY;

        if (probe)
                return 0;

        if (dev->current_state != PCI_D0)
                return -EINVAL;

        csr &= ~PCI_PM_CTRL_STATE_MASK;
        csr |= PCI_D3hot;
        pci_write_config_word(dev, dev->pm_cap + PCI_PM_CTRL, csr);
        pci_dev_d3_sleep(dev);

        csr &= ~PCI_PM_CTRL_STATE_MASK;
        csr |= PCI_D0;
        pci_write_config_word(dev, dev->pm_cap + PCI_PM_CTRL, csr);
        pci_dev_d3_sleep(dev);

        return 0;
}

/**
 * pci_reset_bridge_secondary_bus - Reset the secondary bus on a PCI bridge.
 * @dev: Bridge device
 *
 * Use the bridge control register to assert reset on the secondary bus.
 * Devices on the secondary bus are left in power-on state.
 */
void pci_reset_bridge_secondary_bus(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        u16 ctrl;

        pci_read_config_word(dev, PCI_BRIDGE_CONTROL, &ctrl);
        ctrl |= PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_BUS_RESET;
        pci_write_config_word(dev, PCI_BRIDGE_CONTROL, ctrl);
        /*
         * PCI spec v3.0 7.6.4.2 requires minimum Trst of 1ms.  Double
         * this to 2ms to ensure that we meet the minimum requirement.
         */
        msleep(2);

        ctrl &= ~PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_BUS_RESET;
        pci_write_config_word(dev, PCI_BRIDGE_CONTROL, ctrl);

        /*
         * Trhfa for conventional PCI is 2^25 clock cycles.
         * Assuming a minimum 33MHz clock this results in a 1s
         * delay before we can consider subordinate devices to
         * be re-initialized.  PCIe has some ways to shorten this,
         * but we don't make use of them yet.
         */
        ssleep(1);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_reset_bridge_secondary_bus);

static int pci_parent_bus_reset(struct pci_dev *dev, int probe)
{
        struct pci_dev *pdev;

        if (pci_is_root_bus(dev->bus) || dev->subordinate || !dev->bus->self)
                return -ENOTTY;

        list_for_each_entry(pdev, &dev->bus->devices, bus_list)
                if (pdev != dev)
                        return -ENOTTY;

        if (probe)
                return 0;

        pci_reset_bridge_secondary_bus(dev->bus->self);

        return 0;
}

static int pci_reset_hotplug_slot(struct hotplug_slot *hotplug, int probe)
{
        int rc = -ENOTTY;

        if (!hotplug || !try_module_get(hotplug->ops->owner))
                return rc;

        if (hotplug->ops->reset_slot)
                rc = hotplug->ops->reset_slot(hotplug, probe);

        module_put(hotplug->ops->owner);

        return rc;
}

static int pci_dev_reset_slot_function(struct pci_dev *dev, int probe)
{
        struct pci_dev *pdev;

        if (dev->subordinate || !dev->slot)
                return -ENOTTY;

        list_for_each_entry(pdev, &dev->bus->devices, bus_list)
                if (pdev != dev && pdev->slot == dev->slot)
                        return -ENOTTY;

        return pci_reset_hotplug_slot(dev->slot->hotplug, probe);
}

static int __pci_dev_reset(struct pci_dev *dev, int probe)
{
        int rc;

        might_sleep();

        rc = pci_dev_specific_reset(dev, probe);
        if (rc != -ENOTTY)
                goto done;

        rc = pcie_flr(dev, probe);
        if (rc != -ENOTTY)
                goto done;

        rc = pci_af_flr(dev, probe);
        if (rc != -ENOTTY)
                goto done;

        rc = pci_pm_reset(dev, probe);
        if (rc != -ENOTTY)
                goto done;

        rc = pci_dev_reset_slot_function(dev, probe);
        if (rc != -ENOTTY)
                goto done;

        rc = pci_parent_bus_reset(dev, probe);
done:
        return rc;
}

static void pci_dev_lock(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        pci_cfg_access_lock(dev);
        /* block PM suspend, driver probe, etc. */
        device_lock(&dev->dev);
}

static void pci_dev_unlock(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        device_unlock(&dev->dev);
        pci_cfg_access_unlock(dev);
}

static void pci_dev_save_and_disable(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        /*
         * Wake-up device prior to save.  PM registers default to D0 after
         * reset and a simple register restore doesn't reliably return
         * to a non-D0 state anyway.
         */
        pci_set_power_state(dev, PCI_D0);

        pci_save_state(dev);
        /*
         * Disable the device by clearing the Command register, except for
         * INTx-disable which is set.  This not only disables MMIO and I/O port
         * BARs, but also prevents the device from being Bus Master, preventing
         * DMA from the device including MSI/MSI-X interrupts.  For PCI 2.3
         * compliant devices, INTx-disable prevents legacy interrupts.
         */
        pci_write_config_word(dev, PCI_COMMAND, PCI_COMMAND_INTX_DISABLE);
}

static void pci_dev_restore(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        pci_restore_state(dev);
}

static int pci_dev_reset(struct pci_dev *dev, int probe)
{
        int rc;

        if (!probe)
                pci_dev_lock(dev);

        rc = __pci_dev_reset(dev, probe);

        if (!probe)
                pci_dev_unlock(dev);

        return rc;
}
/**
 * __pci_reset_function - reset a PCI device function
 * @dev: PCI device to reset
 *
 * Some devices allow an individual function to be reset without affecting
 * other functions in the same device.  The PCI device must be responsive
 * to PCI config space in order to use this function.
 *
 * The device function is presumed to be unused when this function is called.
 * Resetting the device will make the contents of PCI configuration space
 * random, so any caller of this must be prepared to reinitialise the
 * device including MSI, bus mastering, BARs, decoding IO and memory spaces,
 * etc.
 *
 * Returns 0 if the device function was successfully reset or negative if the
 * device doesn't support resetting a single function.
 */
int __pci_reset_function(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        return pci_dev_reset(dev, 0);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__pci_reset_function);

/**
 * __pci_reset_function_locked - reset a PCI device function while holding
 * the @dev mutex lock.
 * @dev: PCI device to reset
 *
 * Some devices allow an individual function to be reset without affecting
 * other functions in the same device.  The PCI device must be responsive
 * to PCI config space in order to use this function.
 *
 * The device function is presumed to be unused and the caller is holding
 * the device mutex lock when this function is called.
 * Resetting the device will make the contents of PCI configuration space
 * random, so any caller of this must be prepared to reinitialise the
 * device including MSI, bus mastering, BARs, decoding IO and memory spaces,
 * etc.
 *
 * Returns 0 if the device function was successfully reset or negative if the
 * device doesn't support resetting a single function.
 */
int __pci_reset_function_locked(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        return __pci_dev_reset(dev, 0);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__pci_reset_function_locked);

/**
 * pci_probe_reset_function - check whether the device can be safely reset
 * @dev: PCI device to reset
 *
 * Some devices allow an individual function to be reset without affecting
 * other functions in the same device.  The PCI device must be responsive
 * to PCI config space in order to use this function.
 *
 * Returns 0 if the device function can be reset or negative if the
 * device doesn't support resetting a single function.
 */
int pci_probe_reset_function(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        return pci_dev_reset(dev, 1);
}

/**
 * pci_reset_function - quiesce and reset a PCI device function
 * @dev: PCI device to reset
 *
 * Some devices allow an individual function to be reset without affecting
 * other functions in the same device.  The PCI device must be responsive
 * to PCI config space in order to use this function.
 *
 * This function does not just reset the PCI portion of a device, but
 * clears all the state associated with the device.  This function differs
 * from __pci_reset_function in that it saves and restores device state
 * over the reset.
 *
 * Returns 0 if the device function was successfully reset or negative if the
 * device doesn't support resetting a single function.
 */
int pci_reset_function(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int rc;

        rc = pci_dev_reset(dev, 1);
        if (rc)
                return rc;

        pci_dev_save_and_disable(dev);

        rc = pci_dev_reset(dev, 0);

        pci_dev_restore(dev);

        return rc;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_reset_function);

/* Lock devices from the top of the tree down */
static void pci_bus_lock(struct pci_bus *bus)
{
        struct pci_dev *dev;

        list_for_each_entry(dev, &bus->devices, bus_list) {
                pci_dev_lock(dev);
                if (dev->subordinate)
                        pci_bus_lock(dev->subordinate);
        }
}

/* Unlock devices from the bottom of the tree up */
static void pci_bus_unlock(struct pci_bus *bus)
{
        struct pci_dev *dev;

        list_for_each_entry(dev, &bus->devices, bus_list) {
                if (dev->subordinate)
                        pci_bus_unlock(dev->subordinate);
                pci_dev_unlock(dev);
        }
}

/* Lock devices from the top of the tree down */
static void pci_slot_lock(struct pci_slot *slot)
{
        struct pci_dev *dev;

        list_for_each_entry(dev, &slot->bus->devices, bus_list) {
                if (!dev->slot || dev->slot != slot)
                        continue;
                pci_dev_lock(dev);
                if (dev->subordinate)
                        pci_bus_lock(dev->subordinate);
        }
}

/* Unlock devices from the bottom of the tree up */
static void pci_slot_unlock(struct pci_slot *slot)
{
        struct pci_dev *dev;

        list_for_each_entry(dev, &slot->bus->devices, bus_list) {
                if (!dev->slot || dev->slot != slot)
                        continue;
                if (dev->subordinate)
                        pci_bus_unlock(dev->subordinate);
                pci_dev_unlock(dev);
        }
}

/* Save and disable devices from the top of the tree down */
static void pci_bus_save_and_disable(struct pci_bus *bus)
{
        struct pci_dev *dev;

        list_for_each_entry(dev, &bus->devices, bus_list) {
                pci_dev_save_and_disable(dev);
                if (dev->subordinate)
                        pci_bus_save_and_disable(dev->subordinate);
        }
}

/*
 * Restore devices from top of the tree down - parent bridges need to be
 * restored before we can get to subordinate devices.
 */
static void pci_bus_restore(struct pci_bus *bus)
{
        struct pci_dev *dev;

        list_for_each_entry(dev, &bus->devices, bus_list) {
                pci_dev_restore(dev);
                if (dev->subordinate)
                        pci_bus_restore(dev->subordinate);
        }
}

/* Save and disable devices from the top of the tree down */
static void pci_slot_save_and_disable(struct pci_slot *slot)
{
        struct pci_dev *dev;

        list_for_each_entry(dev, &slot->bus->devices, bus_list) {
                if (!dev->slot || dev->slot != slot)
                        continue;
                pci_dev_save_and_disable(dev);
                if (dev->subordinate)
                        pci_bus_save_and_disable(dev->subordinate);
        }
}

/*
 * Restore devices from top of the tree down - parent bridges need to be
 * restored before we can get to subordinate devices.
 */
static void pci_slot_restore(struct pci_slot *slot)
{
        struct pci_dev *dev;

        list_for_each_entry(dev, &slot->bus->devices, bus_list) {
                if (!dev->slot || dev->slot != slot)
                        continue;
                pci_dev_restore(dev);
                if (dev->subordinate)
                        pci_bus_restore(dev->subordinate);
        }
}

static int pci_slot_reset(struct pci_slot *slot, int probe)
{
        int rc;

        if (!slot)
                return -ENOTTY;

        if (!probe)
                pci_slot_lock(slot);

        might_sleep();

        rc = pci_reset_hotplug_slot(slot->hotplug, probe);

        if (!probe)
                pci_slot_unlock(slot);

        return rc;
}

/**
 * pci_probe_reset_slot - probe whether a PCI slot can be reset
 * @slot: PCI slot to probe
 *
 * Return 0 if slot can be reset, negative if a slot reset is not supported.
 */
int pci_probe_reset_slot(struct pci_slot *slot)
{
        return pci_slot_reset(slot, 1);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_probe_reset_slot);

/**
 * pci_reset_slot - reset a PCI slot
 * @slot: PCI slot to reset
 *
 * A PCI bus may host multiple slots, each slot may support a reset mechanism
 * independent of other slots.  For instance, some slots may support slot power
 * control.  In the case of a 1:1 bus to slot architecture, this function may
 * wrap the bus reset to avoid spurious slot related events such as hotplug.
 * Generally a slot reset should be attempted before a bus reset.  All of the
 * function of the slot and any subordinate buses behind the slot are reset
 * through this function.  PCI config space of all devices in the slot and
 * behind the slot is saved before and restored after reset.
 *
 * Return 0 on success, non-zero on error.
 */
int pci_reset_slot(struct pci_slot *slot)
{
        int rc;

        rc = pci_slot_reset(slot, 1);
        if (rc)
                return rc;

        pci_slot_save_and_disable(slot);

        rc = pci_slot_reset(slot, 0);

        pci_slot_restore(slot);

        return rc;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_reset_slot);

static int pci_bus_reset(struct pci_bus *bus, int probe)
{
        if (!bus->self)
                return -ENOTTY;

        if (probe)
                return 0;

        pci_bus_lock(bus);

        might_sleep();

        pci_reset_bridge_secondary_bus(bus->self);

        pci_bus_unlock(bus);

        return 0;
}

/**
 * pci_probe_reset_bus - probe whether a PCI bus can be reset
 * @bus: PCI bus to probe
 *
 * Return 0 if bus can be reset, negative if a bus reset is not supported.
 */
int pci_probe_reset_bus(struct pci_bus *bus)
{
        return pci_bus_reset(bus, 1);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_probe_reset_bus);

/**
 * pci_reset_bus - reset a PCI bus
 * @bus: top level PCI bus to reset
 *
 * Do a bus reset on the given bus and any subordinate buses, saving
 * and restoring state of all devices.
 *
 * Return 0 on success, non-zero on error.
 */
int pci_reset_bus(struct pci_bus *bus)
{
        int rc;

        rc = pci_bus_reset(bus, 1);
        if (rc)
                return rc;

        pci_bus_save_and_disable(bus);

        rc = pci_bus_reset(bus, 0);

        pci_bus_restore(bus);

        return rc;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_reset_bus);

/**
 * pcix_get_max_mmrbc - get PCI-X maximum designed memory read byte count
 * @dev: PCI device to query
 *
 * Returns mmrbc: maximum designed memory read count in bytes
 *    or appropriate error value.
 */
int pcix_get_max_mmrbc(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int cap;
        u32 stat;

        cap = pci_find_capability(dev, PCI_CAP_ID_PCIX);
        if (!cap)
                return -EINVAL;

        if (pci_read_config_dword(dev, cap + PCI_X_STATUS, &stat))
                return -EINVAL;

        return 512 << ((stat & PCI_X_STATUS_MAX_READ) >> 21);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pcix_get_max_mmrbc);

/**
 * pcix_get_mmrbc - get PCI-X maximum memory read byte count
 * @dev: PCI device to query
 *
 * Returns mmrbc: maximum memory read count in bytes
 *    or appropriate error value.
 */
int pcix_get_mmrbc(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int cap;
        u16 cmd;

        cap = pci_find_capability(dev, PCI_CAP_ID_PCIX);
        if (!cap)
                return -EINVAL;

        if (pci_read_config_word(dev, cap + PCI_X_CMD, &cmd))
                return -EINVAL;

        return 512 << ((cmd & PCI_X_CMD_MAX_READ) >> 2);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pcix_get_mmrbc);

/**
 * pcix_set_mmrbc - set PCI-X maximum memory read byte count
 * @dev: PCI device to query
 * @mmrbc: maximum memory read count in bytes
 *    valid values are 512, 1024, 2048, 4096
 *
 * If possible sets maximum memory read byte count, some bridges have erratas
 * that prevent this.
 */
int pcix_set_mmrbc(struct pci_dev *dev, int mmrbc)
{
        int cap;
        u32 stat, v, o;
        u16 cmd;

        if (mmrbc < 512 || mmrbc > 4096 || !is_power_of_2(mmrbc))
                return -EINVAL;

        v = ffs(mmrbc) - 10;

        cap = pci_find_capability(dev, PCI_CAP_ID_PCIX);
        if (!cap)
                return -EINVAL;

        if (pci_read_config_dword(dev, cap + PCI_X_STATUS, &stat))
                return -EINVAL;

        if (v > (stat & PCI_X_STATUS_MAX_READ) >> 21)
                return -E2BIG;

        if (pci_read_config_word(dev, cap + PCI_X_CMD, &cmd))
                return -EINVAL;

        o = (cmd & PCI_X_CMD_MAX_READ) >> 2;
        if (o != v) {
                if (v > o && (dev->bus->bus_flags & PCI_BUS_FLAGS_NO_MMRBC))
                        return -EIO;

                cmd &= ~PCI_X_CMD_MAX_READ;
                cmd |= v << 2;
                if (pci_write_config_word(dev, cap + PCI_X_CMD, cmd))
                        return -EIO;
        }
        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pcix_set_mmrbc);

/**
 * pcie_get_readrq - get PCI Express read request size
 * @dev: PCI device to query
 *
 * Returns maximum memory read request in bytes
 *    or appropriate error value.
 */
int pcie_get_readrq(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        u16 ctl;

        pcie_capability_read_word(dev, PCI_EXP_DEVCTL, &ctl);

        return 128 << ((ctl & PCI_EXP_DEVCTL_READRQ) >> 12);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pcie_get_readrq);

/**
 * pcie_set_readrq - set PCI Express maximum memory read request
 * @dev: PCI device to query
 * @rq: maximum memory read count in bytes
 *    valid values are 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096
 *
 * If possible sets maximum memory read request in bytes
 */
int pcie_set_readrq(struct pci_dev *dev, int rq)
{
        u16 v;

        if (rq < 128 || rq > 4096 || !is_power_of_2(rq))
                return -EINVAL;

        /*
         * If using the "performance" PCIe config, we clamp the
         * read rq size to the max packet size to prevent the
         * host bridge generating requests larger than we can
         * cope with
         */
        if (pcie_bus_config == PCIE_BUS_PERFORMANCE) {
                int mps = pcie_get_mps(dev);

                if (mps < rq)
                        rq = mps;
        }

        v = (ffs(rq) - 8) << 12;

        return pcie_capability_clear_and_set_word(dev, PCI_EXP_DEVCTL,
                                                  PCI_EXP_DEVCTL_READRQ, v);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pcie_set_readrq);

/**
 * pcie_get_mps - get PCI Express maximum payload size
 * @dev: PCI device to query
 *
 * Returns maximum payload size in bytes
 */
int pcie_get_mps(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        u16 ctl;

        pcie_capability_read_word(dev, PCI_EXP_DEVCTL, &ctl);

        return 128 << ((ctl & PCI_EXP_DEVCTL_PAYLOAD) >> 5);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pcie_get_mps);

/**
 * pcie_set_mps - set PCI Express maximum payload size
 * @dev: PCI device to query
 * @mps: maximum payload size in bytes
 *    valid values are 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096
 *
 * If possible sets maximum payload size
 */
int pcie_set_mps(struct pci_dev *dev, int mps)
{
        u16 v;

        if (mps < 128 || mps > 4096 || !is_power_of_2(mps))
                return -EINVAL;

        v = ffs(mps) - 8;
        if (v > dev->pcie_mpss)
                return -EINVAL;
        v <<= 5;

        return pcie_capability_clear_and_set_word(dev, PCI_EXP_DEVCTL,
                                                  PCI_EXP_DEVCTL_PAYLOAD, v);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pcie_set_mps);

/**
 * pcie_get_minimum_link - determine minimum link settings of a PCI device
 * @dev: PCI device to query
 * @speed: storage for minimum speed
 * @width: storage for minimum width
 *
 * This function will walk up the PCI device chain and determine the minimum
 * link width and speed of the device.
 */
int pcie_get_minimum_link(struct pci_dev *dev, enum pci_bus_speed *speed,
                          enum pcie_link_width *width)
{
        int ret;

        *speed = PCI_SPEED_UNKNOWN;
        *width = PCIE_LNK_WIDTH_UNKNOWN;

        while (dev) {
                u16 lnksta;
                enum pci_bus_speed next_speed;
                enum pcie_link_width next_width;

                ret = pcie_capability_read_word(dev, PCI_EXP_LNKSTA, &lnksta);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;

                next_speed = pcie_link_speed[lnksta & PCI_EXP_LNKSTA_CLS];
                next_width = (lnksta & PCI_EXP_LNKSTA_NLW) >>
                        PCI_EXP_LNKSTA_NLW_SHIFT;

                if (next_speed < *speed)
                        *speed = next_speed;

                if (next_width < *width)
                        *width = next_width;

                dev = dev->bus->self;
        }

        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pcie_get_minimum_link);

/**
 * pci_select_bars - Make BAR mask from the type of resource
 * @dev: the PCI device for which BAR mask is made
 * @flags: resource type mask to be selected
 *
 * This helper routine makes bar mask from the type of resource.
 */
int pci_select_bars(struct pci_dev *dev, unsigned long flags)
{
        int i, bars = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_RESOURCES; i++)
                if (pci_resource_flags(dev, i) & flags)
                        bars |= (1 << i);
        return bars;
}

/**
 * pci_resource_bar - get position of the BAR associated with a resource
 * @dev: the PCI device
 * @resno: the resource number
 * @type: the BAR type to be filled in
 *
 * Returns BAR position in config space, or 0 if the BAR is invalid.
 */
int pci_resource_bar(struct pci_dev *dev, int resno, enum pci_bar_type *type)
{
        int reg;

        if (resno < PCI_ROM_RESOURCE) {
                *type = pci_bar_unknown;
                return PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_0 + 4 * resno;
        } else if (resno == PCI_ROM_RESOURCE) {
                *type = pci_bar_mem32;
                return dev->rom_base_reg;
        } else if (resno < PCI_BRIDGE_RESOURCES) {
                /* device specific resource */
                reg = pci_iov_resource_bar(dev, resno, type);
                if (reg)
                        return reg;
        }

        dev_err(&dev->dev, "BAR %d: invalid resource\n", resno);
        return 0;
}

/* Some architectures require additional programming to enable VGA */
static arch_set_vga_state_t arch_set_vga_state;

void __init pci_register_set_vga_state(arch_set_vga_state_t func)
{
        arch_set_vga_state = func;      /* NULL disables */
}

static int pci_set_vga_state_arch(struct pci_dev *dev, bool decode,
                      unsigned int command_bits, u32 flags)
{
        if (arch_set_vga_state)
                return arch_set_vga_state(dev, decode, command_bits,
                                                flags);
        return 0;
}

/**
 * pci_set_vga_state - set VGA decode state on device and parents if requested
 * @dev: the PCI device
 * @decode: true = enable decoding, false = disable decoding
 * @command_bits: PCI_COMMAND_IO and/or PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY
 * @flags: traverse ancestors and change bridges
 * CHANGE_BRIDGE_ONLY / CHANGE_BRIDGE
 */
int pci_set_vga_state(struct pci_dev *dev, bool decode,
                      unsigned int command_bits, u32 flags)
{
        struct pci_bus *bus;
        struct pci_dev *bridge;
        u16 cmd;
        int rc;

        WARN_ON((flags & PCI_VGA_STATE_CHANGE_DECODES) & (command_bits & ~(PCI_COMMAND_IO|PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY)));

        /* ARCH specific VGA enables */
        rc = pci_set_vga_state_arch(dev, decode, command_bits, flags);
        if (rc)
                return rc;

        if (flags & PCI_VGA_STATE_CHANGE_DECODES) {
                pci_read_config_word(dev, PCI_COMMAND, &cmd);
                if (decode == true)
                        cmd |= command_bits;
                else
                        cmd &= ~command_bits;
                pci_write_config_word(dev, PCI_COMMAND, cmd);
        }

        if (!(flags & PCI_VGA_STATE_CHANGE_BRIDGE))
                return 0;

        bus = dev->bus;
        while (bus) {
                bridge = bus->self;
                if (bridge) {
                        pci_read_config_word(bridge, PCI_BRIDGE_CONTROL,
                                             &cmd);
                        if (decode == true)
                                cmd |= PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_VGA;
                        else
                                cmd &= ~PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_VGA;
                        pci_write_config_word(bridge, PCI_BRIDGE_CONTROL,
                                              cmd);
                }
                bus = bus->parent;
        }
        return 0;
}

#define RESOURCE_ALIGNMENT_PARAM_SIZE COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
static char resource_alignment_param[RESOURCE_ALIGNMENT_PARAM_SIZE] = {0};
static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(resource_alignment_lock);

/**
 * pci_specified_resource_alignment - get resource alignment specified by user.
 * @dev: the PCI device to get
 *
 * RETURNS: Resource alignment if it is specified.
 *          Zero if it is not specified.
 */
static resource_size_t pci_specified_resource_alignment(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int seg, bus, slot, func, align_order, count;
        resource_size_t align = 0;
        char *p;

        spin_lock(&resource_alignment_lock);
        p = resource_alignment_param;
        while (*p) {
                count = 0;
                if (sscanf(p, "%d%n", &align_order, &count) == 1 &&
                                                        p[count] == '@') {
                        p += count + 1;
                } else {
                        align_order = -1;
                }
                if (sscanf(p, "%x:%x:%x.%x%n",
                        &seg, &bus, &slot, &func, &count) != 4) {
                        seg = 0;
                        if (sscanf(p, "%x:%x.%x%n",
                                        &bus, &slot, &func, &count) != 3) {
                                /* Invalid format */
                                printk(KERN_ERR "PCI: Can't parse resource_alignment parameter: %s\n",
                                        p);
                                break;
                        }
                }
                p += count;
                if (seg == pci_domain_nr(dev->bus) &&
                        bus == dev->bus->number &&
                        slot == PCI_SLOT(dev->devfn) &&
                        func == PCI_FUNC(dev->devfn)) {
                        if (align_order == -1) {
                                align = PAGE_SIZE;
                        } else {
                                align = 1 << align_order;
                        }
                        /* Found */
                        break;
                }
                if (*p != ';' && *p != ',') {
                        /* End of param or invalid format */
                        break;
                }
                p++;
        }
        spin_unlock(&resource_alignment_lock);
        return align;
}

/*
 * This function disables memory decoding and releases memory resources
 * of the device specified by kernel's boot parameter 'pci=resource_alignment='.
 * It also rounds up size to specified alignment.
 * Later on, the kernel will assign page-aligned memory resource back
 * to the device.
 */
void pci_reassigndev_resource_alignment(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
        int i;
        struct resource *r;
        resource_size_t align, size;
        u16 command;

        /* check if specified PCI is target device to reassign */
        align = pci_specified_resource_alignment(dev);
        if (!align)
                return;

        if (dev->hdr_type == PCI_HEADER_TYPE_NORMAL &&
            (dev->class >> 8) == PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_HOST) {
                dev_warn(&dev->dev,
                        "Can't reassign resources to host bridge.\n");
                return;
        }

        dev_info(&dev->dev,
                "Disabling memory decoding and releasing memory resources.\n");
        pci_read_config_word(dev, PCI_COMMAND, &command);
        command &= ~PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY;
        pci_write_config_word(dev, PCI_COMMAND, command);

        for (i = 0; i < PCI_BRIDGE_RESOURCES; i++) {
                r = &dev->resource[i];
                if (!(r->flags & IORESOURCE_MEM))
                        continue;
                size = resource_size(r);
                if (size < align) {
                        size = align;
                        dev_info(&dev->dev,
                                "Rounding up size of resource #%d to %#llx.\n",
                                i, (unsigned long long)size);
                }
                r->end = size - 1;
                r->start = 0;
        }
        /* Need to disable bridge's resource window,
         * to enable the kernel to reassign new resource
         * window later on.
         */
        if (dev->hdr_type == PCI_HEADER_TYPE_BRIDGE &&
            (dev->class >> 8) == PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_PCI) {
                for (i = PCI_BRIDGE_RESOURCES; i < PCI_NUM_RESOURCES; i++) {
                        r = &dev->resource[i];
                        if (!(r->flags & IORESOURCE_MEM))
                                continue;
                        r->end = resource_size(r) - 1;
                        r->start = 0;
                }
                pci_disable_bridge_window(dev);
        }
}

static ssize_t pci_set_resource_alignment_param(const char *buf, size_t count)
{
        if (count > RESOURCE_ALIGNMENT_PARAM_SIZE - 1)
                count = RESOURCE_ALIGNMENT_PARAM_SIZE - 1;
        spin_lock(&resource_alignment_lock);
        strncpy(resource_alignment_param, buf, count);
        resource_alignment_param[count] = '\0';
        spin_unlock(&resource_alignment_lock);
        return count;
}

static ssize_t pci_get_resource_alignment_param(char *buf, size_t size)
{
        size_t count;
        spin_lock(&resource_alignment_lock);
        count = snprintf(buf, size, "%s", resource_alignment_param);
        spin_unlock(&resource_alignment_lock);
        return count;
}

static ssize_t pci_resource_alignment_show(struct bus_type *bus, char *buf)
{
        return pci_get_resource_alignment_param(buf, PAGE_SIZE);
}

static ssize_t pci_resource_alignment_store(struct bus_type *bus,
                                        const char *buf, size_t count)
{
        return pci_set_resource_alignment_param(buf, count);
}

BUS_ATTR(resource_alignment, 0644, pci_resource_alignment_show,
                                        pci_resource_alignment_store);

static int __init pci_resource_alignment_sysfs_init(void)
{
        return bus_create_file(&pci_bus_type,
                                        &bus_attr_resource_alignment);
}

late_initcall(pci_resource_alignment_sysfs_init);

static void pci_no_domains(void)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_PCI_DOMAINS
        pci_domains_supported = 0;
#endif
}

/**
 * pci_ext_cfg_avail - can we access extended PCI config space?
 *
 * Returns 1 if we can access PCI extended config space (offsets
 * greater than 0xff). This is the default implementation. Architecture
 * implementations can override this.
 */
int __weak pci_ext_cfg_avail(void)
{
        return 1;
}

void __weak pci_fixup_cardbus(struct pci_bus *bus)
{
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_fixup_cardbus);

static int __init pci_setup(char *str)
{
        while (str) {
                char *k = strchr(str, ',');
                if (k)
                        *k++ = 0;
                if (*str && (str = pcibios_setup(str)) && *str) {
                        if (!strcmp(str, "nomsi")) {
                                pci_no_msi();
                        } else if (!strcmp(str, "noaer")) {
                                pci_no_aer();
                        } else if (!strncmp(str, "realloc=", 8)) {
                                pci_realloc_get_opt(str + 8);
                        } else if (!strncmp(str, "realloc", 7)) {
                                pci_realloc_get_opt("on");
                        } else if (!strcmp(str, "nodomains")) {
                                pci_no_domains();
                        } else if (!strncmp(str, "noari", 5)) {
                                pcie_ari_disabled = true;
                        } else if (!strncmp(str, "cbiosize=", 9)) {
                                pci_cardbus_io_size = memparse(str + 9, &str);
                        } else if (!strncmp(str, "cbmemsize=", 10)) {
                                pci_cardbus_mem_size = memparse(str + 10, &str);
                        } else if (!strncmp(str, "resource_alignment=", 19)) {
                                pci_set_resource_alignment_param(str + 19,
                                                        strlen(str + 19));
                        } else if (!strncmp(str, "ecrc=", 5)) {
                                pcie_ecrc_get_policy(str + 5);
                        } else if (!strncmp(str, "hpiosize=", 9)) {
                                pci_hotplug_io_size = memparse(str + 9, &str);
                        } else if (!strncmp(str, "hpmemsize=", 10)) {
                                pci_hotplug_mem_size = memparse(str + 10, &str);
                        } else if (!strncmp(str, "pcie_bus_tune_off", 17)) {
                                pcie_bus_config = PCIE_BUS_TUNE_OFF;
                        } else if (!strncmp(str, "pcie_bus_safe", 13)) {
                                pcie_bus_config = PCIE_BUS_SAFE;
                        } else if (!strncmp(str, "pcie_bus_perf", 13)) {
                                pcie_bus_config = PCIE_BUS_PERFORMANCE;
                        } else if (!strncmp(str, "pcie_bus_peer2peer", 18)) {
                                pcie_bus_config = PCIE_BUS_PEER2PEER;
                        } else if (!strncmp(str, "pcie_scan_all", 13)) {
                                pci_add_flags(PCI_SCAN_ALL_PCIE_DEVS);
                        } else {
                                printk(KERN_ERR "PCI: Unknown option `%s'\n",
                                                str);
                        }
                }
                str = k;
        }
        return 0;
}
early_param("pci", pci_setup);

EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_reenable_device);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_enable_device_io);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_enable_device_mem);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_enable_device);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pcim_enable_device);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pcim_pin_device);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_disable_device);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_find_capability);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_bus_find_capability);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_release_regions);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_request_regions);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_request_regions_exclusive);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_release_region);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_request_region);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_request_region_exclusive);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_release_selected_regions);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_request_selected_regions);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_request_selected_regions_exclusive);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_set_master);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_clear_master);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_set_mwi);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_try_set_mwi);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_clear_mwi);
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_intx);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_assign_resource);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_find_parent_resource);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_select_bars);

EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_set_power_state);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_save_state);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_restore_state);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_pme_capable);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_pme_active);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_wake_from_d3);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_target_state);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_prepare_to_sleep);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_back_from_sleep);
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_set_pcie_reset_state);