2 * drivers/mtd/nand_bbt.c
5 * Bad block table support for the NAND driver
7 * Copyright © 2004 Thomas Gleixner (tglx@linutronix.de)
9 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
10 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
11 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
15 * When nand_scan_bbt is called, then it tries to find the bad block table
16 * depending on the options in the BBT descriptor(s). If no flash based BBT
17 * (NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH) is specified then the device is scanned for factory
18 * marked good / bad blocks. This information is used to create a memory BBT.
19 * Once a new bad block is discovered then the "factory" information is updated
21 * If a flash based BBT is specified then the function first tries to find the
22 * BBT on flash. If a BBT is found then the contents are read and the memory
23 * based BBT is created. If a mirrored BBT is selected then the mirror is
24 * searched too and the versions are compared. If the mirror has a greater
25 * version number, then the mirror BBT is used to build the memory based BBT.
26 * If the tables are not versioned, then we "or" the bad block information.
27 * If one of the BBTs is out of date or does not exist it is (re)created.
28 * If no BBT exists at all then the device is scanned for factory marked
29 * good / bad blocks and the bad block tables are created.
31 * For manufacturer created BBTs like the one found on M-SYS DOC devices
32 * the BBT is searched and read but never created
34 * The auto generated bad block table is located in the last good blocks
35 * of the device. The table is mirrored, so it can be updated eventually.
36 * The table is marked in the OOB area with an ident pattern and a version
37 * number which indicates which of both tables is more up to date. If the NAND
38 * controller needs the complete OOB area for the ECC information then the
39 * option NAND_BBT_NO_OOB should be used (along with NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH, of
40 * course): it moves the ident pattern and the version byte into the data area
41 * and the OOB area will remain untouched.
43 * The table uses 2 bits per block
45 * 00b: block is factory marked bad
46 * 01b, 10b: block is marked bad due to wear
48 * The memory bad block table uses the following scheme:
50 * 01b: block is marked bad due to wear
51 * 10b: block is reserved (to protect the bbt area)
52 * 11b: block is factory marked bad
54 * Multichip devices like DOC store the bad block info per floor.
56 * Following assumptions are made:
57 * - bbts start at a page boundary, if autolocated on a block boundary
58 * - the space necessary for a bbt in FLASH does not exceed a block boundary
64 #include <linux/compat.h>
65 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
66 #include <linux/mtd/bbm.h>
67 #include <linux/mtd/nand.h>
68 #include <linux/mtd/nand_ecc.h>
69 #include <linux/bitops.h>
70 #include <linux/string.h>
72 #define BBT_BLOCK_GOOD 0x00
73 #define BBT_BLOCK_WORN 0x01
74 #define BBT_BLOCK_RESERVED 0x02
75 #define BBT_BLOCK_FACTORY_BAD 0x03
77 #define BBT_ENTRY_MASK 0x03
78 #define BBT_ENTRY_SHIFT 2
80 static int nand_update_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs);
82 static inline uint8_t bbt_get_entry(struct nand_chip *chip, int block)
84 uint8_t entry = chip->bbt[block >> BBT_ENTRY_SHIFT];
85 entry >>= (block & BBT_ENTRY_MASK) * 2;
86 return entry & BBT_ENTRY_MASK;
89 static inline void bbt_mark_entry(struct nand_chip *chip, int block,
92 uint8_t msk = (mark & BBT_ENTRY_MASK) << ((block & BBT_ENTRY_MASK) * 2);
93 chip->bbt[block >> BBT_ENTRY_SHIFT] |= msk;
96 static int check_pattern_no_oob(uint8_t *buf, struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
98 if (memcmp(buf, td->pattern, td->len))
104 * check_pattern - [GENERIC] check if a pattern is in the buffer
105 * @buf: the buffer to search
106 * @len: the length of buffer to search
107 * @paglen: the pagelength
108 * @td: search pattern descriptor
110 * Check for a pattern at the given place. Used to search bad block tables and
111 * good / bad block identifiers.
113 static int check_pattern(uint8_t *buf, int len, int paglen, struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
115 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB)
116 return check_pattern_no_oob(buf, td);
118 /* Compare the pattern */
119 if (memcmp(buf + paglen + td->offs, td->pattern, td->len))
126 * check_short_pattern - [GENERIC] check if a pattern is in the buffer
127 * @buf: the buffer to search
128 * @td: search pattern descriptor
130 * Check for a pattern at the given place. Used to search bad block tables and
131 * good / bad block identifiers. Same as check_pattern, but no optional empty
134 static int check_short_pattern(uint8_t *buf, struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
136 /* Compare the pattern */
137 if (memcmp(buf + td->offs, td->pattern, td->len))
143 * add_marker_len - compute the length of the marker in data area
144 * @td: BBT descriptor used for computation
146 * The length will be 0 if the marker is located in OOB area.
148 static u32 add_marker_len(struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
152 if (!(td->options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB))
156 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION)
162 * read_bbt - [GENERIC] Read the bad block table starting from page
163 * @mtd: MTD device structure
164 * @buf: temporary buffer
165 * @page: the starting page
166 * @num: the number of bbt descriptors to read
167 * @td: the bbt describtion table
168 * @offs: block number offset in the table
170 * Read the bad block table starting from page.
172 static int read_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int page, int num,
173 struct nand_bbt_descr *td, int offs)
175 int res, ret = 0, i, j, act = 0;
176 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
177 size_t retlen, len, totlen;
179 int bits = td->options & NAND_BBT_NRBITS_MSK;
180 uint8_t msk = (uint8_t)((1 << bits) - 1);
182 int reserved_block_code = td->reserved_block_code;
184 totlen = (num * bits) >> 3;
185 marker_len = add_marker_len(td);
186 from = ((loff_t)page) << this->page_shift;
189 len = min(totlen, (size_t)(1 << this->bbt_erase_shift));
192 * In case the BBT marker is not in the OOB area it
193 * will be just in the first page.
199 res = mtd_read(mtd, from, len, &retlen, buf);
201 if (mtd_is_eccerr(res)) {
202 pr_info("nand_bbt: ECC error in BBT at "
203 "0x%012llx\n", from & ~mtd->writesize);
205 } else if (mtd_is_bitflip(res)) {
206 pr_info("nand_bbt: corrected error in BBT at "
207 "0x%012llx\n", from & ~mtd->writesize);
210 pr_info("nand_bbt: error reading BBT\n");
216 for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
217 uint8_t dat = buf[i];
218 for (j = 0; j < 8; j += bits, act++) {
219 uint8_t tmp = (dat >> j) & msk;
222 if (reserved_block_code && (tmp == reserved_block_code)) {
223 pr_info("nand_read_bbt: reserved block at 0x%012llx\n",
224 (loff_t)(offs + act) <<
225 this->bbt_erase_shift);
226 bbt_mark_entry(this, offs + act,
228 mtd->ecc_stats.bbtblocks++;
232 * Leave it for now, if it's matured we can
233 * move this message to pr_debug.
235 pr_info("nand_read_bbt: bad block at 0x%012llx\n",
236 (loff_t)(offs + act) <<
237 this->bbt_erase_shift);
238 /* Factory marked bad or worn out? */
240 bbt_mark_entry(this, offs + act,
241 BBT_BLOCK_FACTORY_BAD);
243 bbt_mark_entry(this, offs + act,
245 mtd->ecc_stats.badblocks++;
255 * read_abs_bbt - [GENERIC] Read the bad block table starting at a given page
256 * @mtd: MTD device structure
257 * @buf: temporary buffer
258 * @td: descriptor for the bad block table
259 * @chip: read the table for a specific chip, -1 read all chips; applies only if
260 * NAND_BBT_PERCHIP option is set
262 * Read the bad block table for all chips starting at a given page. We assume
263 * that the bbt bits are in consecutive order.
265 static int read_abs_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, struct nand_bbt_descr *td, int chip)
267 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
270 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP) {
272 for (i = 0; i < this->numchips; i++) {
273 if (chip == -1 || chip == i)
274 res = read_bbt(mtd, buf, td->pages[i],
275 this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift,
279 offs += this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
282 res = read_bbt(mtd, buf, td->pages[0],
283 mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift, td, 0);
290 /* BBT marker is in the first page, no OOB */
291 static int scan_read_data(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, loff_t offs,
292 struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
298 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION)
301 return mtd_read(mtd, offs, len, &retlen, buf);
305 * scan_read_oob - [GENERIC] Scan data+OOB region to buffer
306 * @mtd: MTD device structure
307 * @buf: temporary buffer
308 * @offs: offset at which to scan
309 * @len: length of data region to read
311 * Scan read data from data+OOB. May traverse multiple pages, interleaving
312 * page,OOB,page,OOB,... in buf. Completes transfer and returns the "strongest"
313 * ECC condition (error or bitflip). May quit on the first (non-ECC) error.
315 static int scan_read_oob(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, loff_t offs,
318 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
321 ops.mode = MTD_OPS_PLACE_OOB;
323 ops.ooblen = mtd->oobsize;
327 ops.len = min(len, (size_t)mtd->writesize);
328 ops.oobbuf = buf + ops.len;
330 res = mtd_read_oob(mtd, offs, &ops);
332 if (!mtd_is_bitflip_or_eccerr(res))
334 else if (mtd_is_eccerr(res) || !ret)
338 buf += mtd->oobsize + mtd->writesize;
339 len -= mtd->writesize;
340 offs += mtd->writesize;
345 static int scan_read(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, loff_t offs,
346 size_t len, struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
348 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB)
349 return scan_read_data(mtd, buf, offs, td);
351 return scan_read_oob(mtd, buf, offs, len);
354 /* Scan write data with oob to flash */
355 static int scan_write_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs, size_t len,
356 uint8_t *buf, uint8_t *oob)
358 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
360 ops.mode = MTD_OPS_PLACE_OOB;
362 ops.ooblen = mtd->oobsize;
367 return mtd_write_oob(mtd, offs, &ops);
370 static u32 bbt_get_ver_offs(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
372 u32 ver_offs = td->veroffs;
374 if (!(td->options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB))
375 ver_offs += mtd->writesize;
380 * read_abs_bbts - [GENERIC] Read the bad block table(s) for all chips starting at a given page
381 * @mtd: MTD device structure
382 * @buf: temporary buffer
383 * @td: descriptor for the bad block table
384 * @md: descriptor for the bad block table mirror
386 * Read the bad block table(s) for all chips starting at a given page. We
387 * assume that the bbt bits are in consecutive order.
389 static void read_abs_bbts(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf,
390 struct nand_bbt_descr *td, struct nand_bbt_descr *md)
392 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
394 /* Read the primary version, if available */
395 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION) {
396 scan_read(mtd, buf, (loff_t)td->pages[0] << this->page_shift,
398 td->version[0] = buf[bbt_get_ver_offs(mtd, td)];
399 pr_info("Bad block table at page %d, version 0x%02X\n",
400 td->pages[0], td->version[0]);
403 /* Read the mirror version, if available */
404 if (md && (md->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION)) {
405 scan_read(mtd, buf, (loff_t)md->pages[0] << this->page_shift,
407 md->version[0] = buf[bbt_get_ver_offs(mtd, md)];
408 pr_info("Bad block table at page %d, version 0x%02X\n",
409 md->pages[0], md->version[0]);
413 /* Scan a given block partially */
414 static int scan_block_fast(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd,
415 loff_t offs, uint8_t *buf, int numpages)
417 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
420 ops.ooblen = mtd->oobsize;
424 ops.mode = MTD_OPS_PLACE_OOB;
426 for (j = 0; j < numpages; j++) {
428 * Read the full oob until read_oob is fixed to handle single
429 * byte reads for 16 bit buswidth.
431 ret = mtd_read_oob(mtd, offs, &ops);
432 /* Ignore ECC errors when checking for BBM */
433 if (ret && !mtd_is_bitflip_or_eccerr(ret))
436 if (check_short_pattern(buf, bd))
439 offs += mtd->writesize;
445 * create_bbt - [GENERIC] Create a bad block table by scanning the device
446 * @mtd: MTD device structure
447 * @buf: temporary buffer
448 * @bd: descriptor for the good/bad block search pattern
449 * @chip: create the table for a specific chip, -1 read all chips; applies only
450 * if NAND_BBT_PERCHIP option is set
452 * Create a bad block table by scanning the device for the given good/bad block
455 static int create_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf,
456 struct nand_bbt_descr *bd, int chip)
458 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
459 int i, numblocks, numpages;
463 pr_info("Scanning device for bad blocks\n");
465 if (bd->options & NAND_BBT_SCAN2NDPAGE)
471 numblocks = mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
475 if (chip >= this->numchips) {
476 pr_warn("create_bbt(): chipnr (%d) > available chips (%d)\n",
477 chip + 1, this->numchips);
480 numblocks = this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
481 startblock = chip * numblocks;
482 numblocks += startblock;
483 from = (loff_t)startblock << this->bbt_erase_shift;
486 if (this->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_SCANLASTPAGE)
487 from += mtd->erasesize - (mtd->writesize * numpages);
489 for (i = startblock; i < numblocks; i++) {
492 BUG_ON(bd->options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB);
494 ret = scan_block_fast(mtd, bd, from, buf, numpages);
499 bbt_mark_entry(this, i, BBT_BLOCK_FACTORY_BAD);
500 pr_warn("Bad eraseblock %d at 0x%012llx\n",
501 i, (unsigned long long)from);
502 mtd->ecc_stats.badblocks++;
505 from += (1 << this->bbt_erase_shift);
511 * search_bbt - [GENERIC] scan the device for a specific bad block table
512 * @mtd: MTD device structure
513 * @buf: temporary buffer
514 * @td: descriptor for the bad block table
516 * Read the bad block table by searching for a given ident pattern. Search is
517 * preformed either from the beginning up or from the end of the device
518 * downwards. The search starts always at the start of a block. If the option
519 * NAND_BBT_PERCHIP is given, each chip is searched for a bbt, which contains
520 * the bad block information of this chip. This is necessary to provide support
521 * for certain DOC devices.
523 * The bbt ident pattern resides in the oob area of the first page in a block.
525 static int search_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
527 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
529 int startblock, block, dir;
530 int scanlen = mtd->writesize + mtd->oobsize;
532 int blocktopage = this->bbt_erase_shift - this->page_shift;
534 /* Search direction top -> down? */
535 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK) {
536 startblock = (mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift) - 1;
543 /* Do we have a bbt per chip? */
544 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP) {
545 chips = this->numchips;
546 bbtblocks = this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
547 startblock &= bbtblocks - 1;
550 bbtblocks = mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
553 for (i = 0; i < chips; i++) {
554 /* Reset version information */
557 /* Scan the maximum number of blocks */
558 for (block = 0; block < td->maxblocks; block++) {
560 int actblock = startblock + dir * block;
561 loff_t offs = (loff_t)actblock << this->bbt_erase_shift;
563 /* Read first page */
564 scan_read(mtd, buf, offs, mtd->writesize, td);
565 if (!check_pattern(buf, scanlen, mtd->writesize, td)) {
566 td->pages[i] = actblock << blocktopage;
567 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION) {
568 offs = bbt_get_ver_offs(mtd, td);
569 td->version[i] = buf[offs];
574 startblock += this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
576 /* Check, if we found a bbt for each requested chip */
577 for (i = 0; i < chips; i++) {
578 if (td->pages[i] == -1)
579 pr_warn("Bad block table not found for chip %d\n", i);
581 pr_info("Bad block table found at page %d, version "
582 "0x%02X\n", td->pages[i], td->version[i]);
588 * search_read_bbts - [GENERIC] scan the device for bad block table(s)
589 * @mtd: MTD device structure
590 * @buf: temporary buffer
591 * @td: descriptor for the bad block table
592 * @md: descriptor for the bad block table mirror
594 * Search and read the bad block table(s).
596 static void search_read_bbts(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf,
597 struct nand_bbt_descr *td,
598 struct nand_bbt_descr *md)
600 /* Search the primary table */
601 search_bbt(mtd, buf, td);
603 /* Search the mirror table */
605 search_bbt(mtd, buf, md);
609 * write_bbt - [GENERIC] (Re)write the bad block table
610 * @mtd: MTD device structure
611 * @buf: temporary buffer
612 * @td: descriptor for the bad block table
613 * @md: descriptor for the bad block table mirror
614 * @chipsel: selector for a specific chip, -1 for all
616 * (Re)write the bad block table.
618 static int write_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf,
619 struct nand_bbt_descr *td, struct nand_bbt_descr *md,
622 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
623 struct erase_info einfo;
624 int i, res, chip = 0;
625 int bits, startblock, dir, page, offs, numblocks, sft, sftmsk;
626 int nrchips, pageoffs, ooboffs;
628 uint8_t rcode = td->reserved_block_code;
629 size_t retlen, len = 0;
631 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
633 ops.ooblen = mtd->oobsize;
636 ops.mode = MTD_OPS_PLACE_OOB;
640 /* Write bad block table per chip rather than per device? */
641 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP) {
642 numblocks = (int)(this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
643 /* Full device write or specific chip? */
645 nrchips = this->numchips;
647 nrchips = chipsel + 1;
651 numblocks = (int)(mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
655 /* Loop through the chips */
656 for (; chip < nrchips; chip++) {
658 * There was already a version of the table, reuse the page
659 * This applies for absolute placement too, as we have the
660 * page nr. in td->pages.
662 if (td->pages[chip] != -1) {
663 page = td->pages[chip];
668 * Automatic placement of the bad block table. Search direction
671 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK) {
672 startblock = numblocks * (chip + 1) - 1;
675 startblock = chip * numblocks;
679 for (i = 0; i < td->maxblocks; i++) {
680 int block = startblock + dir * i;
681 /* Check, if the block is bad */
682 switch (bbt_get_entry(this, block)) {
684 case BBT_BLOCK_FACTORY_BAD:
688 (this->bbt_erase_shift - this->page_shift);
689 /* Check, if the block is used by the mirror table */
690 if (!md || md->pages[chip] != page)
693 pr_err("No space left to write bad block table\n");
697 /* Set up shift count and masks for the flash table */
698 bits = td->options & NAND_BBT_NRBITS_MSK;
701 case 1: sft = 3; sftmsk = 0x07; msk[0] = 0x00; msk[1] = 0x01;
704 case 2: sft = 2; sftmsk = 0x06; msk[0] = 0x00; msk[1] = 0x01;
707 case 4: sft = 1; sftmsk = 0x04; msk[0] = 0x00; msk[1] = 0x0C;
710 case 8: sft = 0; sftmsk = 0x00; msk[0] = 0x00; msk[1] = 0x0F;
713 default: return -EINVAL;
716 to = ((loff_t)page) << this->page_shift;
718 /* Must we save the block contents? */
719 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_SAVECONTENT) {
720 /* Make it block aligned */
721 to &= ~((loff_t)((1 << this->bbt_erase_shift) - 1));
722 len = 1 << this->bbt_erase_shift;
723 res = mtd_read(mtd, to, len, &retlen, buf);
726 pr_info("nand_bbt: error reading block "
727 "for writing the bad block table\n");
730 pr_warn("nand_bbt: ECC error while reading "
731 "block for writing bad block table\n");
734 ops.ooblen = (len >> this->page_shift) * mtd->oobsize;
735 ops.oobbuf = &buf[len];
736 res = mtd_read_oob(mtd, to + mtd->writesize, &ops);
737 if (res < 0 || ops.oobretlen != ops.ooblen)
740 /* Calc the byte offset in the buffer */
741 pageoffs = page - (int)(to >> this->page_shift);
742 offs = pageoffs << this->page_shift;
743 /* Preset the bbt area with 0xff */
744 memset(&buf[offs], 0xff, (size_t)(numblocks >> sft));
745 ooboffs = len + (pageoffs * mtd->oobsize);
747 } else if (td->options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB) {
750 /* The version byte */
751 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION)
754 len = (size_t)(numblocks >> sft);
756 /* Make it page aligned! */
757 len = ALIGN(len, mtd->writesize);
758 /* Preset the buffer with 0xff */
759 memset(buf, 0xff, len);
760 /* Pattern is located at the begin of first page */
761 memcpy(buf, td->pattern, td->len);
764 len = (size_t)(numblocks >> sft);
765 /* Make it page aligned! */
766 len = ALIGN(len, mtd->writesize);
767 /* Preset the buffer with 0xff */
768 memset(buf, 0xff, len +
769 (len >> this->page_shift)* mtd->oobsize);
772 /* Pattern is located in oob area of first page */
773 memcpy(&buf[ooboffs + td->offs], td->pattern, td->len);
776 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION)
777 buf[ooboffs + td->veroffs] = td->version[chip];
779 /* Walk through the memory table */
780 for (i = 0; i < numblocks; i++) {
782 int sftcnt = (i << (3 - sft)) & sftmsk;
783 dat = bbt_get_entry(this, chip * numblocks + i);
784 /* Do not store the reserved bbt blocks! */
785 buf[offs + (i >> sft)] &= ~(msk[dat] << sftcnt);
788 memset(&einfo, 0, sizeof(einfo));
791 einfo.len = 1 << this->bbt_erase_shift;
792 res = nand_erase_nand(mtd, &einfo, 1);
796 res = scan_write_bbt(mtd, to, len, buf,
797 td->options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB ? NULL :
802 pr_info("Bad block table written to 0x%012llx, version 0x%02X\n",
803 (unsigned long long)to, td->version[chip]);
805 /* Mark it as used */
806 td->pages[chip] = page;
811 pr_warn("nand_bbt: error while writing bad block table %d\n", res);
816 * nand_memory_bbt - [GENERIC] create a memory based bad block table
817 * @mtd: MTD device structure
818 * @bd: descriptor for the good/bad block search pattern
820 * The function creates a memory based bbt by scanning the device for
821 * manufacturer / software marked good / bad blocks.
823 static inline int nand_memory_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd)
825 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
827 return create_bbt(mtd, this->buffers->databuf, bd, -1);
831 * check_create - [GENERIC] create and write bbt(s) if necessary
832 * @mtd: MTD device structure
833 * @buf: temporary buffer
834 * @bd: descriptor for the good/bad block search pattern
836 * The function checks the results of the previous call to read_bbt and creates
837 * / updates the bbt(s) if necessary. Creation is necessary if no bbt was found
838 * for the chip/device. Update is necessary if one of the tables is missing or
839 * the version nr. of one table is less than the other.
841 static int check_create(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd)
843 int i, chips, writeops, create, chipsel, res, res2;
844 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
845 struct nand_bbt_descr *td = this->bbt_td;
846 struct nand_bbt_descr *md = this->bbt_md;
847 struct nand_bbt_descr *rd, *rd2;
849 /* Do we have a bbt per chip? */
850 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP)
851 chips = this->numchips;
855 for (i = 0; i < chips; i++) {
861 /* Per chip or per device? */
862 chipsel = (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP) ? i : -1;
863 /* Mirrored table available? */
865 if (td->pages[i] == -1 && md->pages[i] == -1) {
868 } else if (td->pages[i] == -1) {
871 } else if (md->pages[i] == -1) {
874 } else if (td->version[i] == md->version[i]) {
876 if (!(td->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION))
878 } else if (((int8_t)(td->version[i] - md->version[i])) > 0) {
886 if (td->pages[i] == -1) {
895 /* Create the bad block table by scanning the device? */
896 if (!(td->options & NAND_BBT_CREATE))
899 /* Create the table in memory by scanning the chip(s) */
900 if (!(this->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_CREATE_EMPTY))
901 create_bbt(mtd, buf, bd, chipsel);
908 /* Read back first? */
910 res = read_abs_bbt(mtd, buf, rd, chipsel);
911 if (mtd_is_eccerr(res)) {
912 /* Mark table as invalid */
919 /* If they weren't versioned, read both */
921 res2 = read_abs_bbt(mtd, buf, rd2, chipsel);
922 if (mtd_is_eccerr(res2)) {
923 /* Mark table as invalid */
931 /* Scrub the flash table(s)? */
932 if (mtd_is_bitflip(res) || mtd_is_bitflip(res2))
935 /* Update version numbers before writing */
937 td->version[i] = max(td->version[i], md->version[i]);
938 md->version[i] = td->version[i];
941 /* Write the bad block table to the device? */
942 if ((writeops & 0x01) && (td->options & NAND_BBT_WRITE)) {
943 res = write_bbt(mtd, buf, td, md, chipsel);
948 /* Write the mirror bad block table to the device? */
949 if ((writeops & 0x02) && md && (md->options & NAND_BBT_WRITE)) {
950 res = write_bbt(mtd, buf, md, td, chipsel);
959 * mark_bbt_regions - [GENERIC] mark the bad block table regions
960 * @mtd: MTD device structure
961 * @td: bad block table descriptor
963 * The bad block table regions are marked as "bad" to prevent accidental
964 * erasures / writes. The regions are identified by the mark 0x02.
966 static void mark_bbt_region(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *td)
968 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
969 int i, j, chips, block, nrblocks, update;
972 /* Do we have a bbt per chip? */
973 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP) {
974 chips = this->numchips;
975 nrblocks = (int)(this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
978 nrblocks = (int)(mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
981 for (i = 0; i < chips; i++) {
982 if ((td->options & NAND_BBT_ABSPAGE) ||
983 !(td->options & NAND_BBT_WRITE)) {
984 if (td->pages[i] == -1)
986 block = td->pages[i] >> (this->bbt_erase_shift - this->page_shift);
987 oldval = bbt_get_entry(this, block);
988 bbt_mark_entry(this, block, BBT_BLOCK_RESERVED);
989 if ((oldval != BBT_BLOCK_RESERVED) &&
990 td->reserved_block_code)
991 nand_update_bbt(mtd, (loff_t)block <<
992 this->bbt_erase_shift);
996 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK)
997 block = ((i + 1) * nrblocks) - td->maxblocks;
999 block = i * nrblocks;
1000 for (j = 0; j < td->maxblocks; j++) {
1001 oldval = bbt_get_entry(this, block);
1002 bbt_mark_entry(this, block, BBT_BLOCK_RESERVED);
1003 if (oldval != BBT_BLOCK_RESERVED)
1008 * If we want reserved blocks to be recorded to flash, and some
1009 * new ones have been marked, then we need to update the stored
1010 * bbts. This should only happen once.
1012 if (update && td->reserved_block_code)
1013 nand_update_bbt(mtd, (loff_t)(block - 1) <<
1014 this->bbt_erase_shift);
1019 * verify_bbt_descr - verify the bad block description
1020 * @mtd: MTD device structure
1021 * @bd: the table to verify
1023 * This functions performs a few sanity checks on the bad block description
1026 static void verify_bbt_descr(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd)
1028 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
1036 pattern_len = bd->len;
1037 bits = bd->options & NAND_BBT_NRBITS_MSK;
1039 BUG_ON((this->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB) &&
1040 !(this->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH));
1043 if (bd->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION)
1046 if (bd->options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB) {
1047 BUG_ON(!(this->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH));
1048 BUG_ON(!(this->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB));
1050 if (bd->options & NAND_BBT_VERSION)
1051 BUG_ON(bd->veroffs != bd->len);
1052 BUG_ON(bd->options & NAND_BBT_SAVECONTENT);
1055 if (bd->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP)
1056 table_size = this->chipsize >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
1058 table_size = mtd->size >> this->bbt_erase_shift;
1061 if (bd->options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB)
1062 table_size += pattern_len;
1063 BUG_ON(table_size > (1 << this->bbt_erase_shift));
1067 * nand_scan_bbt - [NAND Interface] scan, find, read and maybe create bad block table(s)
1068 * @mtd: MTD device structure
1069 * @bd: descriptor for the good/bad block search pattern
1071 * The function checks, if a bad block table(s) is/are already available. If
1072 * not it scans the device for manufacturer marked good / bad blocks and writes
1073 * the bad block table(s) to the selected place.
1075 * The bad block table memory is allocated here. It must be freed by calling
1076 * the nand_free_bbt function.
1078 int nand_scan_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd)
1080 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
1083 struct nand_bbt_descr *td = this->bbt_td;
1084 struct nand_bbt_descr *md = this->bbt_md;
1086 len = mtd->size >> (this->bbt_erase_shift + 2);
1088 * Allocate memory (2bit per block) and clear the memory bad block
1091 this->bbt = kzalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
1096 * If no primary table decriptor is given, scan the device to build a
1097 * memory based bad block table.
1100 if ((res = nand_memory_bbt(mtd, bd))) {
1101 pr_err("nand_bbt: can't scan flash and build the RAM-based BBT\n");
1107 verify_bbt_descr(mtd, td);
1108 verify_bbt_descr(mtd, md);
1110 /* Allocate a temporary buffer for one eraseblock incl. oob */
1111 len = (1 << this->bbt_erase_shift);
1112 len += (len >> this->page_shift) * mtd->oobsize;
1120 /* Is the bbt at a given page? */
1121 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_ABSPAGE) {
1122 read_abs_bbts(mtd, buf, td, md);
1124 /* Search the bad block table using a pattern in oob */
1125 search_read_bbts(mtd, buf, td, md);
1128 res = check_create(mtd, buf, bd);
1130 /* Prevent the bbt regions from erasing / writing */
1131 mark_bbt_region(mtd, td);
1133 mark_bbt_region(mtd, md);
1140 * nand_update_bbt - update bad block table(s)
1141 * @mtd: MTD device structure
1142 * @offs: the offset of the newly marked block
1144 * The function updates the bad block table(s).
1146 static int nand_update_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs)
1148 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
1152 struct nand_bbt_descr *td = this->bbt_td;
1153 struct nand_bbt_descr *md = this->bbt_md;
1155 if (!this->bbt || !td)
1158 /* Allocate a temporary buffer for one eraseblock incl. oob */
1159 len = (1 << this->bbt_erase_shift);
1160 len += (len >> this->page_shift) * mtd->oobsize;
1161 buf = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
1165 /* Do we have a bbt per chip? */
1166 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_PERCHIP) {
1167 chip = (int)(offs >> this->chip_shift);
1174 td->version[chip]++;
1176 md->version[chip]++;
1178 /* Write the bad block table to the device? */
1179 if (td->options & NAND_BBT_WRITE) {
1180 res = write_bbt(mtd, buf, td, md, chipsel);
1184 /* Write the mirror bad block table to the device? */
1185 if (md && (md->options & NAND_BBT_WRITE)) {
1186 res = write_bbt(mtd, buf, md, td, chipsel);
1195 * Define some generic bad / good block scan pattern which are used
1196 * while scanning a device for factory marked good / bad blocks.
1198 static uint8_t scan_ff_pattern[] = { 0xff, 0xff };
1200 /* Generic flash bbt descriptors */
1201 static uint8_t bbt_pattern[] = {'B', 'b', 't', '0' };
1202 static uint8_t mirror_pattern[] = {'1', 't', 'b', 'B' };
1204 static struct nand_bbt_descr bbt_main_descr = {
1205 .options = NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK | NAND_BBT_CREATE | NAND_BBT_WRITE
1206 | NAND_BBT_2BIT | NAND_BBT_VERSION | NAND_BBT_PERCHIP,
1210 .maxblocks = NAND_BBT_SCAN_MAXBLOCKS,
1211 .pattern = bbt_pattern
1214 static struct nand_bbt_descr bbt_mirror_descr = {
1215 .options = NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK | NAND_BBT_CREATE | NAND_BBT_WRITE
1216 | NAND_BBT_2BIT | NAND_BBT_VERSION | NAND_BBT_PERCHIP,
1220 .maxblocks = NAND_BBT_SCAN_MAXBLOCKS,
1221 .pattern = mirror_pattern
1224 static struct nand_bbt_descr bbt_main_no_oob_descr = {
1225 .options = NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK | NAND_BBT_CREATE | NAND_BBT_WRITE
1226 | NAND_BBT_2BIT | NAND_BBT_VERSION | NAND_BBT_PERCHIP
1230 .maxblocks = NAND_BBT_SCAN_MAXBLOCKS,
1231 .pattern = bbt_pattern
1234 static struct nand_bbt_descr bbt_mirror_no_oob_descr = {
1235 .options = NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK | NAND_BBT_CREATE | NAND_BBT_WRITE
1236 | NAND_BBT_2BIT | NAND_BBT_VERSION | NAND_BBT_PERCHIP
1240 .maxblocks = NAND_BBT_SCAN_MAXBLOCKS,
1241 .pattern = mirror_pattern
1244 #define BADBLOCK_SCAN_MASK (~NAND_BBT_NO_OOB)
1246 * nand_create_badblock_pattern - [INTERN] Creates a BBT descriptor structure
1247 * @this: NAND chip to create descriptor for
1249 * This function allocates and initializes a nand_bbt_descr for BBM detection
1250 * based on the properties of @this. The new descriptor is stored in
1251 * this->badblock_pattern. Thus, this->badblock_pattern should be NULL when
1252 * passed to this function.
1254 static int nand_create_badblock_pattern(struct nand_chip *this)
1256 struct nand_bbt_descr *bd;
1257 if (this->badblock_pattern) {
1258 pr_warn("Bad block pattern already allocated; not replacing\n");
1261 bd = kzalloc(sizeof(*bd), GFP_KERNEL);
1264 bd->options = this->bbt_options & BADBLOCK_SCAN_MASK;
1265 bd->offs = this->badblockpos;
1266 bd->len = (this->options & NAND_BUSWIDTH_16) ? 2 : 1;
1267 bd->pattern = scan_ff_pattern;
1268 bd->options |= NAND_BBT_DYNAMICSTRUCT;
1269 this->badblock_pattern = bd;
1274 * nand_default_bbt - [NAND Interface] Select a default bad block table for the device
1275 * @mtd: MTD device structure
1277 * This function selects the default bad block table support for the device and
1278 * calls the nand_scan_bbt function.
1280 int nand_default_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd)
1282 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
1284 /* Is a flash based bad block table requested? */
1285 if (this->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH) {
1286 /* Use the default pattern descriptors */
1287 if (!this->bbt_td) {
1288 if (this->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB) {
1289 this->bbt_td = &bbt_main_no_oob_descr;
1290 this->bbt_md = &bbt_mirror_no_oob_descr;
1292 this->bbt_td = &bbt_main_descr;
1293 this->bbt_md = &bbt_mirror_descr;
1297 this->bbt_td = NULL;
1298 this->bbt_md = NULL;
1301 if (!this->badblock_pattern)
1302 nand_create_badblock_pattern(this);
1304 return nand_scan_bbt(mtd, this->badblock_pattern);
1308 * nand_isreserved_bbt - [NAND Interface] Check if a block is reserved
1309 * @mtd: MTD device structure
1310 * @offs: offset in the device
1312 int nand_isreserved_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs)
1314 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
1317 block = (int)(offs >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
1318 return bbt_get_entry(this, block) == BBT_BLOCK_RESERVED;
1322 * nand_isbad_bbt - [NAND Interface] Check if a block is bad
1323 * @mtd: MTD device structure
1324 * @offs: offset in the device
1325 * @allowbbt: allow access to bad block table region
1327 int nand_isbad_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs, int allowbbt)
1329 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
1332 block = (int)(offs >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
1333 res = bbt_get_entry(this, block);
1335 pr_debug("nand_isbad_bbt(): bbt info for offs 0x%08x: "
1336 "(block %d) 0x%02x\n",
1337 (unsigned int)offs, block, res);
1340 case BBT_BLOCK_GOOD:
1342 case BBT_BLOCK_WORN:
1344 case BBT_BLOCK_RESERVED:
1345 return allowbbt ? 0 : 1;
1351 * nand_markbad_bbt - [NAND Interface] Mark a block bad in the BBT
1352 * @mtd: MTD device structure
1353 * @offs: offset of the bad block
1355 int nand_markbad_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs)
1357 struct nand_chip *this = mtd->priv;
1360 block = (int)(offs >> this->bbt_erase_shift);
1362 /* Mark bad block in memory */
1363 bbt_mark_entry(this, block, BBT_BLOCK_WORN);
1365 /* Update flash-based bad block table */
1366 if (this->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH)
1367 ret = nand_update_bbt(mtd, offs);
1372 EXPORT_SYMBOL(nand_scan_bbt);