1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 * I/O Address Space ID allocator. There is one global IOASID space, split into
4 * subsets. Users create a subset with DECLARE_IOASID_SET, then allocate and
5 * free IOASIDs with ioasid_alloc and ioasid_put.
7 #include <linux/ioasid.h>
8 #include <linux/module.h>
9 #include <linux/slab.h>
10 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
11 #include <linux/xarray.h>
15 struct ioasid_set *set;
22 * struct ioasid_allocator_data - Internal data structure to hold information
23 * about an allocator. There are two types of allocators:
25 * - Default allocator always has its own XArray to track the IOASIDs allocated.
26 * - Custom allocators may share allocation helpers with different private data.
27 * Custom allocators that share the same helper functions also share the same
30 * 1. Default allocator is always available, not dynamically registered. This is
31 * to prevent race conditions with early boot code that want to register
32 * custom allocators or allocate IOASIDs.
33 * 2. Custom allocators take precedence over the default allocator.
34 * 3. When all custom allocators sharing the same helper functions are
35 * unregistered (e.g. due to hotplug), all outstanding IOASIDs must be
36 * freed. Otherwise, outstanding IOASIDs will be lost and orphaned.
37 * 4. When switching between custom allocators sharing the same helper
38 * functions, outstanding IOASIDs are preserved.
39 * 5. When switching between custom allocator and default allocator, all IOASIDs
40 * must be freed to ensure unadulterated space for the new allocator.
42 * @ops: allocator helper functions and its data
43 * @list: registered custom allocators
44 * @slist: allocators share the same ops but different data
45 * @flags: attributes of the allocator
46 * @xa: xarray holds the IOASID space
47 * @rcu: used for kfree_rcu when unregistering allocator
49 struct ioasid_allocator_data {
50 struct ioasid_allocator_ops *ops;
51 struct list_head list;
52 struct list_head slist;
53 #define IOASID_ALLOCATOR_CUSTOM BIT(0) /* Needs framework to track results */
59 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(ioasid_allocator_lock);
60 static LIST_HEAD(allocators_list);
62 static ioasid_t default_alloc(ioasid_t min, ioasid_t max, void *opaque);
63 static void default_free(ioasid_t ioasid, void *opaque);
65 static struct ioasid_allocator_ops default_ops = {
66 .alloc = default_alloc,
70 static struct ioasid_allocator_data default_allocator = {
73 .xa = XARRAY_INIT(ioasid_xa, XA_FLAGS_ALLOC),
76 static struct ioasid_allocator_data *active_allocator = &default_allocator;
78 static ioasid_t default_alloc(ioasid_t min, ioasid_t max, void *opaque)
82 if (xa_alloc(&default_allocator.xa, &id, opaque, XA_LIMIT(min, max), GFP_ATOMIC)) {
83 pr_err("Failed to alloc ioasid from %d to %d\n", min, max);
84 return INVALID_IOASID;
90 static void default_free(ioasid_t ioasid, void *opaque)
92 struct ioasid_data *ioasid_data;
94 ioasid_data = xa_erase(&default_allocator.xa, ioasid);
95 kfree_rcu(ioasid_data, rcu);
98 /* Allocate and initialize a new custom allocator with its helper functions */
99 static struct ioasid_allocator_data *ioasid_alloc_allocator(struct ioasid_allocator_ops *ops)
101 struct ioasid_allocator_data *ia_data;
103 ia_data = kzalloc(sizeof(*ia_data), GFP_ATOMIC);
107 xa_init_flags(&ia_data->xa, XA_FLAGS_ALLOC);
108 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ia_data->slist);
109 ia_data->flags |= IOASID_ALLOCATOR_CUSTOM;
112 /* For tracking custom allocators that share the same ops */
113 list_add_tail(&ops->list, &ia_data->slist);
118 static bool use_same_ops(struct ioasid_allocator_ops *a, struct ioasid_allocator_ops *b)
120 return (a->free == b->free) && (a->alloc == b->alloc);
124 * ioasid_register_allocator - register a custom allocator
125 * @ops: the custom allocator ops to be registered
127 * Custom allocators take precedence over the default xarray based allocator.
128 * Private data associated with the IOASID allocated by the custom allocators
129 * are managed by IOASID framework similar to data stored in xa by default
132 * There can be multiple allocators registered but only one is active. In case
133 * of runtime removal of a custom allocator, the next one is activated based
134 * on the registration ordering.
136 * Multiple allocators can share the same alloc() function, in this case the
137 * IOASID space is shared.
139 int ioasid_register_allocator(struct ioasid_allocator_ops *ops)
141 struct ioasid_allocator_data *ia_data;
142 struct ioasid_allocator_data *pallocator;
145 spin_lock(&ioasid_allocator_lock);
147 ia_data = ioasid_alloc_allocator(ops);
154 * No particular preference, we activate the first one and keep
155 * the later registered allocators in a list in case the first one gets
156 * removed due to hotplug.
158 if (list_empty(&allocators_list)) {
159 WARN_ON(active_allocator != &default_allocator);
160 /* Use this new allocator if default is not active */
161 if (xa_empty(&active_allocator->xa)) {
162 rcu_assign_pointer(active_allocator, ia_data);
163 list_add_tail(&ia_data->list, &allocators_list);
166 pr_warn("Default allocator active with outstanding IOASID\n");
171 /* Check if the allocator is already registered */
172 list_for_each_entry(pallocator, &allocators_list, list) {
173 if (pallocator->ops == ops) {
174 pr_err("IOASID allocator already registered\n");
177 } else if (use_same_ops(pallocator->ops, ops)) {
179 * If the new allocator shares the same ops,
180 * then they will share the same IOASID space.
181 * We should put them under the same xarray.
183 list_add_tail(&ops->list, &pallocator->slist);
187 list_add_tail(&ia_data->list, &allocators_list);
189 spin_unlock(&ioasid_allocator_lock);
194 spin_unlock(&ioasid_allocator_lock);
197 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ioasid_register_allocator);
200 * ioasid_unregister_allocator - Remove a custom IOASID allocator ops
201 * @ops: the custom allocator to be removed
203 * Remove an allocator from the list, activate the next allocator in
204 * the order it was registered. Or revert to default allocator if all
205 * custom allocators are unregistered without outstanding IOASIDs.
207 void ioasid_unregister_allocator(struct ioasid_allocator_ops *ops)
209 struct ioasid_allocator_data *pallocator;
210 struct ioasid_allocator_ops *sops;
212 spin_lock(&ioasid_allocator_lock);
213 if (list_empty(&allocators_list)) {
214 pr_warn("No custom IOASID allocators active!\n");
218 list_for_each_entry(pallocator, &allocators_list, list) {
219 if (!use_same_ops(pallocator->ops, ops))
222 if (list_is_singular(&pallocator->slist)) {
223 /* No shared helper functions */
224 list_del(&pallocator->list);
226 * All IOASIDs should have been freed before
227 * the last allocator that shares the same ops
230 WARN_ON(!xa_empty(&pallocator->xa));
231 if (list_empty(&allocators_list)) {
232 pr_info("No custom IOASID allocators, switch to default.\n");
233 rcu_assign_pointer(active_allocator, &default_allocator);
234 } else if (pallocator == active_allocator) {
235 rcu_assign_pointer(active_allocator,
236 list_first_entry(&allocators_list,
237 struct ioasid_allocator_data, list));
238 pr_info("IOASID allocator changed");
240 kfree_rcu(pallocator, rcu);
244 * Find the matching shared ops to delete,
245 * but keep outstanding IOASIDs
247 list_for_each_entry(sops, &pallocator->slist, list) {
249 list_del(&ops->list);
257 spin_unlock(&ioasid_allocator_lock);
259 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ioasid_unregister_allocator);
262 * ioasid_set_data - Set private data for an allocated ioasid
263 * @ioasid: the ID to set data
264 * @data: the private data
266 * For IOASID that is already allocated, private data can be set
267 * via this API. Future lookup can be done via ioasid_find.
269 int ioasid_set_data(ioasid_t ioasid, void *data)
271 struct ioasid_data *ioasid_data;
274 spin_lock(&ioasid_allocator_lock);
275 ioasid_data = xa_load(&active_allocator->xa, ioasid);
277 rcu_assign_pointer(ioasid_data->private, data);
280 spin_unlock(&ioasid_allocator_lock);
283 * Wait for readers to stop accessing the old private data, so the
284 * caller can free it.
291 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ioasid_set_data);
294 * ioasid_alloc - Allocate an IOASID
295 * @set: the IOASID set
296 * @min: the minimum ID (inclusive)
297 * @max: the maximum ID (inclusive)
298 * @private: data private to the caller
300 * Allocate an ID between @min and @max. The @private pointer is stored
301 * internally and can be retrieved with ioasid_find().
303 * Return: the allocated ID on success, or %INVALID_IOASID on failure.
305 ioasid_t ioasid_alloc(struct ioasid_set *set, ioasid_t min, ioasid_t max,
308 struct ioasid_data *data;
312 data = kzalloc(sizeof(*data), GFP_ATOMIC);
314 return INVALID_IOASID;
317 data->private = private;
318 refcount_set(&data->refs, 1);
321 * Custom allocator needs allocator data to perform platform specific
324 spin_lock(&ioasid_allocator_lock);
325 adata = active_allocator->flags & IOASID_ALLOCATOR_CUSTOM ? active_allocator->ops->pdata : data;
326 id = active_allocator->ops->alloc(min, max, adata);
327 if (id == INVALID_IOASID) {
328 pr_err("Failed ASID allocation %lu\n", active_allocator->flags);
332 if ((active_allocator->flags & IOASID_ALLOCATOR_CUSTOM) &&
333 xa_alloc(&active_allocator->xa, &id, data, XA_LIMIT(id, id), GFP_ATOMIC)) {
334 /* Custom allocator needs framework to store and track allocation results */
335 pr_err("Failed to alloc ioasid from %d\n", id);
336 active_allocator->ops->free(id, active_allocator->ops->pdata);
341 spin_unlock(&ioasid_allocator_lock);
344 spin_unlock(&ioasid_allocator_lock);
346 return INVALID_IOASID;
348 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ioasid_alloc);
351 * ioasid_get - obtain a reference to the IOASID
353 void ioasid_get(ioasid_t ioasid)
355 struct ioasid_data *ioasid_data;
357 spin_lock(&ioasid_allocator_lock);
358 ioasid_data = xa_load(&active_allocator->xa, ioasid);
360 refcount_inc(&ioasid_data->refs);
363 spin_unlock(&ioasid_allocator_lock);
365 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ioasid_get);
368 * ioasid_put - Release a reference to an ioasid
369 * @ioasid: the ID to remove
371 * Put a reference to the IOASID, free it when the number of references drops to
374 * Return: %true if the IOASID was freed, %false otherwise.
376 bool ioasid_put(ioasid_t ioasid)
379 struct ioasid_data *ioasid_data;
381 spin_lock(&ioasid_allocator_lock);
382 ioasid_data = xa_load(&active_allocator->xa, ioasid);
384 pr_err("Trying to free unknown IOASID %u\n", ioasid);
388 free = refcount_dec_and_test(&ioasid_data->refs);
392 active_allocator->ops->free(ioasid, active_allocator->ops->pdata);
393 /* Custom allocator needs additional steps to free the xa element */
394 if (active_allocator->flags & IOASID_ALLOCATOR_CUSTOM) {
395 ioasid_data = xa_erase(&active_allocator->xa, ioasid);
396 kfree_rcu(ioasid_data, rcu);
400 spin_unlock(&ioasid_allocator_lock);
403 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ioasid_put);
406 * ioasid_find - Find IOASID data
407 * @set: the IOASID set
408 * @ioasid: the IOASID to find
409 * @getter: function to call on the found object
411 * The optional getter function allows to take a reference to the found object
412 * under the rcu lock. The function can also check if the object is still valid:
413 * if @getter returns false, then the object is invalid and NULL is returned.
415 * If the IOASID exists, return the private pointer passed to ioasid_alloc.
416 * Private data can be NULL if not set. Return an error if the IOASID is not
417 * found, or if @set is not NULL and the IOASID does not belong to the set.
419 void *ioasid_find(struct ioasid_set *set, ioasid_t ioasid,
420 bool (*getter)(void *))
423 struct ioasid_data *ioasid_data;
424 struct ioasid_allocator_data *idata;
427 idata = rcu_dereference(active_allocator);
428 ioasid_data = xa_load(&idata->xa, ioasid);
430 priv = ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
433 if (set && ioasid_data->set != set) {
434 /* data found but does not belong to the set */
435 priv = ERR_PTR(-EACCES);
438 /* Now IOASID and its set is verified, we can return the private data */
439 priv = rcu_dereference(ioasid_data->private);
440 if (getter && !getter(priv))
447 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ioasid_find);
449 MODULE_AUTHOR("Jean-Philippe Brucker <jean-philippe.brucker@arm.com>");
450 MODULE_AUTHOR("Jacob Pan <jacob.jun.pan@linux.intel.com>");
451 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("IO Address Space ID (IOASID) allocator");
452 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");