Merge drm/drm-next into drm-intel-gt-next

[platform/kernel/linux-rpi.git] / drivers / gpu / drm / i915 / gem / i915_gem_execbuffer.c

/*
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 *
 * Copyright © 2008,2010 Intel Corporation
 */

#include <linux/intel-iommu.h>
#include <linux/dma-resv.h>
#include <linux/sync_file.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>

#include <drm/drm_syncobj.h>

#include "display/intel_frontbuffer.h"

#include "gem/i915_gem_ioctls.h"
#include "gt/intel_context.h"
#include "gt/intel_gpu_commands.h"
#include "gt/intel_gt.h"
#include "gt/intel_gt_buffer_pool.h"
#include "gt/intel_gt_pm.h"
#include "gt/intel_ring.h"

#include "pxp/intel_pxp.h"

#include "i915_cmd_parser.h"
#include "i915_drv.h"
#include "i915_file_private.h"
#include "i915_gem_clflush.h"
#include "i915_gem_context.h"
#include "i915_gem_evict.h"
#include "i915_gem_ioctls.h"
#include "i915_trace.h"
#include "i915_user_extensions.h"

struct eb_vma {
        struct i915_vma *vma;
        unsigned int flags;

        /** This vma's place in the execbuf reservation list */
        struct drm_i915_gem_exec_object2 *exec;
        struct list_head bind_link;
        struct list_head reloc_link;

        struct hlist_node node;
        u32 handle;
};

enum {
        FORCE_CPU_RELOC = 1,
        FORCE_GTT_RELOC,
        FORCE_GPU_RELOC,
#define DBG_FORCE_RELOC 0 /* choose one of the above! */
};

/* __EXEC_OBJECT_NO_RESERVE is BIT(31), defined in i915_vma.h */
#define __EXEC_OBJECT_HAS_PIN           BIT(30)
#define __EXEC_OBJECT_HAS_FENCE         BIT(29)
#define __EXEC_OBJECT_USERPTR_INIT      BIT(28)
#define __EXEC_OBJECT_NEEDS_MAP         BIT(27)
#define __EXEC_OBJECT_NEEDS_BIAS        BIT(26)
#define __EXEC_OBJECT_INTERNAL_FLAGS    (~0u << 26) /* all of the above + */
#define __EXEC_OBJECT_RESERVED (__EXEC_OBJECT_HAS_PIN | __EXEC_OBJECT_HAS_FENCE)

#define __EXEC_HAS_RELOC        BIT(31)
#define __EXEC_ENGINE_PINNED    BIT(30)
#define __EXEC_USERPTR_USED     BIT(29)
#define __EXEC_INTERNAL_FLAGS   (~0u << 29)
#define UPDATE                  PIN_OFFSET_FIXED

#define BATCH_OFFSET_BIAS (256*1024)

#define __I915_EXEC_ILLEGAL_FLAGS \
        (__I915_EXEC_UNKNOWN_FLAGS | \
         I915_EXEC_CONSTANTS_MASK  | \
         I915_EXEC_RESOURCE_STREAMER)

/* Catch emission of unexpected errors for CI! */
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DRM_I915_DEBUG_GEM)
#undef EINVAL
#define EINVAL ({ \
        DRM_DEBUG_DRIVER("EINVAL at %s:%d\n", __func__, __LINE__); \
        22; \
})
#endif

/**
 * DOC: User command execution
 *
 * Userspace submits commands to be executed on the GPU as an instruction
 * stream within a GEM object we call a batchbuffer. This instructions may
 * refer to other GEM objects containing auxiliary state such as kernels,
 * samplers, render targets and even secondary batchbuffers. Userspace does
 * not know where in the GPU memory these objects reside and so before the
 * batchbuffer is passed to the GPU for execution, those addresses in the
 * batchbuffer and auxiliary objects are updated. This is known as relocation,
 * or patching. To try and avoid having to relocate each object on the next
 * execution, userspace is told the location of those objects in this pass,
 * but this remains just a hint as the kernel may choose a new location for
 * any object in the future.
 *
 * At the level of talking to the hardware, submitting a batchbuffer for the
 * GPU to execute is to add content to a buffer from which the HW
 * command streamer is reading.
 *
 * 1. Add a command to load the HW context. For Logical Ring Contexts, i.e.
 *    Execlists, this command is not placed on the same buffer as the
 *    remaining items.
 *
 * 2. Add a command to invalidate caches to the buffer.
 *
 * 3. Add a batchbuffer start command to the buffer; the start command is
 *    essentially a token together with the GPU address of the batchbuffer
 *    to be executed.
 *
 * 4. Add a pipeline flush to the buffer.
 *
 * 5. Add a memory write command to the buffer to record when the GPU
 *    is done executing the batchbuffer. The memory write writes the
 *    global sequence number of the request, ``i915_request::global_seqno``;
 *    the i915 driver uses the current value in the register to determine
 *    if the GPU has completed the batchbuffer.
 *
 * 6. Add a user interrupt command to the buffer. This command instructs
 *    the GPU to issue an interrupt when the command, pipeline flush and
 *    memory write are completed.
 *
 * 7. Inform the hardware of the additional commands added to the buffer
 *    (by updating the tail pointer).
 *
 * Processing an execbuf ioctl is conceptually split up into a few phases.
 *
 * 1. Validation - Ensure all the pointers, handles and flags are valid.
 * 2. Reservation - Assign GPU address space for every object
 * 3. Relocation - Update any addresses to point to the final locations
 * 4. Serialisation - Order the request with respect to its dependencies
 * 5. Construction - Construct a request to execute the batchbuffer
 * 6. Submission (at some point in the future execution)
 *
 * Reserving resources for the execbuf is the most complicated phase. We
 * neither want to have to migrate the object in the address space, nor do
 * we want to have to update any relocations pointing to this object. Ideally,
 * we want to leave the object where it is and for all the existing relocations
 * to match. If the object is given a new address, or if userspace thinks the
 * object is elsewhere, we have to parse all the relocation entries and update
 * the addresses. Userspace can set the I915_EXEC_NORELOC flag to hint that
 * all the target addresses in all of its objects match the value in the
 * relocation entries and that they all match the presumed offsets given by the
 * list of execbuffer objects. Using this knowledge, we know that if we haven't
 * moved any buffers, all the relocation entries are valid and we can skip
 * the update. (If userspace is wrong, the likely outcome is an impromptu GPU
 * hang.) The requirement for using I915_EXEC_NO_RELOC are:
 *
 *      The addresses written in the objects must match the corresponding
 *      reloc.presumed_offset which in turn must match the corresponding
 *      execobject.offset.
 *
 *      Any render targets written to in the batch must be flagged with
 *      EXEC_OBJECT_WRITE.
 *
 *      To avoid stalling, execobject.offset should match the current
 *      address of that object within the active context.
 *
 * The reservation is done is multiple phases. First we try and keep any
 * object already bound in its current location - so as long as meets the
 * constraints imposed by the new execbuffer. Any object left unbound after the
 * first pass is then fitted into any available idle space. If an object does
 * not fit, all objects are removed from the reservation and the process rerun
 * after sorting the objects into a priority order (more difficult to fit
 * objects are tried first). Failing that, the entire VM is cleared and we try
 * to fit the execbuf once last time before concluding that it simply will not
 * fit.
 *
 * A small complication to all of this is that we allow userspace not only to
 * specify an alignment and a size for the object in the address space, but
 * we also allow userspace to specify the exact offset. This objects are
 * simpler to place (the location is known a priori) all we have to do is make
 * sure the space is available.
 *
 * Once all the objects are in place, patching up the buried pointers to point
 * to the final locations is a fairly simple job of walking over the relocation
 * entry arrays, looking up the right address and rewriting the value into
 * the object. Simple! ... The relocation entries are stored in user memory
 * and so to access them we have to copy them into a local buffer. That copy
 * has to avoid taking any pagefaults as they may lead back to a GEM object
 * requiring the struct_mutex (i.e. recursive deadlock). So once again we split
 * the relocation into multiple passes. First we try to do everything within an
 * atomic context (avoid the pagefaults) which requires that we never wait. If
 * we detect that we may wait, or if we need to fault, then we have to fallback
 * to a slower path. The slowpath has to drop the mutex. (Can you hear alarm
 * bells yet?) Dropping the mutex means that we lose all the state we have
 * built up so far for the execbuf and we must reset any global data. However,
 * we do leave the objects pinned in their final locations - which is a
 * potential issue for concurrent execbufs. Once we have left the mutex, we can
 * allocate and copy all the relocation entries into a large array at our
 * leisure, reacquire the mutex, reclaim all the objects and other state and
 * then proceed to update any incorrect addresses with the objects.
 *
 * As we process the relocation entries, we maintain a record of whether the
 * object is being written to. Using NORELOC, we expect userspace to provide
 * this information instead. We also check whether we can skip the relocation
 * by comparing the expected value inside the relocation entry with the target's
 * final address. If they differ, we have to map the current object and rewrite
 * the 4 or 8 byte pointer within.
 *
 * Serialising an execbuf is quite simple according to the rules of the GEM
 * ABI. Execution within each context is ordered by the order of submission.
 * Writes to any GEM object are in order of submission and are exclusive. Reads
 * from a GEM object are unordered with respect to other reads, but ordered by
 * writes. A write submitted after a read cannot occur before the read, and
 * similarly any read submitted after a write cannot occur before the write.
 * Writes are ordered between engines such that only one write occurs at any
 * time (completing any reads beforehand) - using semaphores where available
 * and CPU serialisation otherwise. Other GEM access obey the same rules, any
 * write (either via mmaps using set-domain, or via pwrite) must flush all GPU
 * reads before starting, and any read (either using set-domain or pread) must
 * flush all GPU writes before starting. (Note we only employ a barrier before,
 * we currently rely on userspace not concurrently starting a new execution
 * whilst reading or writing to an object. This may be an advantage or not
 * depending on how much you trust userspace not to shoot themselves in the
 * foot.) Serialisation may just result in the request being inserted into
 * a DAG awaiting its turn, but most simple is to wait on the CPU until
 * all dependencies are resolved.
 *
 * After all of that, is just a matter of closing the request and handing it to
 * the hardware (well, leaving it in a queue to be executed). However, we also
 * offer the ability for batchbuffers to be run with elevated privileges so
 * that they access otherwise hidden registers. (Used to adjust L3 cache etc.)
 * Before any batch is given extra privileges we first must check that it
 * contains no nefarious instructions, we check that each instruction is from
 * our whitelist and all registers are also from an allowed list. We first
 * copy the user's batchbuffer to a shadow (so that the user doesn't have
 * access to it, either by the CPU or GPU as we scan it) and then parse each
 * instruction. If everything is ok, we set a flag telling the hardware to run
 * the batchbuffer in trusted mode, otherwise the ioctl is rejected.
 */

struct eb_fence {
        struct drm_syncobj *syncobj; /* Use with ptr_mask_bits() */
        struct dma_fence *dma_fence;
        u64 value;
        struct dma_fence_chain *chain_fence;
};

struct i915_execbuffer {
        struct drm_i915_private *i915; /** i915 backpointer */
        struct drm_file *file; /** per-file lookup tables and limits */
        struct drm_i915_gem_execbuffer2 *args; /** ioctl parameters */
        struct drm_i915_gem_exec_object2 *exec; /** ioctl execobj[] */
        struct eb_vma *vma;

        struct intel_gt *gt; /* gt for the execbuf */
        struct intel_context *context; /* logical state for the request */
        struct i915_gem_context *gem_context; /** caller's context */

        /** our requests to build */
        struct i915_request *requests[MAX_ENGINE_INSTANCE + 1];
        /** identity of the batch obj/vma */
        struct eb_vma *batches[MAX_ENGINE_INSTANCE + 1];
        struct i915_vma *trampoline; /** trampoline used for chaining */

        /** used for excl fence in dma_resv objects when > 1 BB submitted */
        struct dma_fence *composite_fence;

        /** actual size of execobj[] as we may extend it for the cmdparser */
        unsigned int buffer_count;

        /* number of batches in execbuf IOCTL */
        unsigned int num_batches;

        /** list of vma not yet bound during reservation phase */
        struct list_head unbound;

        /** list of vma that have execobj.relocation_count */
        struct list_head relocs;

        struct i915_gem_ww_ctx ww;

        /**
         * Track the most recently used object for relocations, as we
         * frequently have to perform multiple relocations within the same
         * obj/page
         */
        struct reloc_cache {
                struct drm_mm_node node; /** temporary GTT binding */
                unsigned long vaddr; /** Current kmap address */
                unsigned long page; /** Currently mapped page index */
                unsigned int graphics_ver; /** Cached value of GRAPHICS_VER */
                bool use_64bit_reloc : 1;
                bool has_llc : 1;
                bool has_fence : 1;
                bool needs_unfenced : 1;
        } reloc_cache;

        u64 invalid_flags; /** Set of execobj.flags that are invalid */

        /** Length of batch within object */
        u64 batch_len[MAX_ENGINE_INSTANCE + 1];
        u32 batch_start_offset; /** Location within object of batch */
        u32 batch_flags; /** Flags composed for emit_bb_start() */
        struct intel_gt_buffer_pool_node *batch_pool; /** pool node for batch buffer */

        /**
         * Indicate either the size of the hastable used to resolve
         * relocation handles, or if negative that we are using a direct
         * index into the execobj[].
         */
        int lut_size;
        struct hlist_head *buckets; /** ht for relocation handles */

        struct eb_fence *fences;
        unsigned long num_fences;
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DRM_I915_CAPTURE_ERROR)
        struct i915_capture_list *capture_lists[MAX_ENGINE_INSTANCE + 1];
#endif
};

static int eb_parse(struct i915_execbuffer *eb);
static int eb_pin_engine(struct i915_execbuffer *eb, bool throttle);
static void eb_unpin_engine(struct i915_execbuffer *eb);
static void eb_capture_release(struct i915_execbuffer *eb);

static inline bool eb_use_cmdparser(const struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        return intel_engine_requires_cmd_parser(eb->context->engine) ||
                (intel_engine_using_cmd_parser(eb->context->engine) &&
                 eb->args->batch_len);
}

static int eb_create(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        if (!(eb->args->flags & I915_EXEC_HANDLE_LUT)) {
                unsigned int size = 1 + ilog2(eb->buffer_count);

                /*
                 * Without a 1:1 association between relocation handles and
                 * the execobject[] index, we instead create a hashtable.
                 * We size it dynamically based on available memory, starting
                 * first with 1:1 assocative hash and scaling back until
                 * the allocation succeeds.
                 *
                 * Later on we use a positive lut_size to indicate we are
                 * using this hashtable, and a negative value to indicate a
                 * direct lookup.
                 */
                do {
                        gfp_t flags;

                        /* While we can still reduce the allocation size, don't
                         * raise a warning and allow the allocation to fail.
                         * On the last pass though, we want to try as hard
                         * as possible to perform the allocation and warn
                         * if it fails.
                         */
                        flags = GFP_KERNEL;
                        if (size > 1)
                                flags |= __GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOWARN;

                        eb->buckets = kzalloc(sizeof(struct hlist_head) << size,
                                              flags);
                        if (eb->buckets)
                                break;
                } while (--size);

                if (unlikely(!size))
                        return -ENOMEM;

                eb->lut_size = size;
        } else {
                eb->lut_size = -eb->buffer_count;
        }

        return 0;
}

static bool
eb_vma_misplaced(const struct drm_i915_gem_exec_object2 *entry,
                 const struct i915_vma *vma,
                 unsigned int flags)
{
        if (vma->node.size < entry->pad_to_size)
                return true;

        if (entry->alignment && !IS_ALIGNED(vma->node.start, entry->alignment))
                return true;

        if (flags & EXEC_OBJECT_PINNED &&
            vma->node.start != entry->offset)
                return true;

        if (flags & __EXEC_OBJECT_NEEDS_BIAS &&
            vma->node.start < BATCH_OFFSET_BIAS)
                return true;

        if (!(flags & EXEC_OBJECT_SUPPORTS_48B_ADDRESS) &&
            (vma->node.start + vma->node.size + 4095) >> 32)
                return true;

        if (flags & __EXEC_OBJECT_NEEDS_MAP &&
            !i915_vma_is_map_and_fenceable(vma))
                return true;

        return false;
}

static u64 eb_pin_flags(const struct drm_i915_gem_exec_object2 *entry,
                        unsigned int exec_flags)
{
        u64 pin_flags = 0;

        if (exec_flags & EXEC_OBJECT_NEEDS_GTT)
                pin_flags |= PIN_GLOBAL;

        /*
         * Wa32bitGeneralStateOffset & Wa32bitInstructionBaseOffset,
         * limit address to the first 4GBs for unflagged objects.
         */
        if (!(exec_flags & EXEC_OBJECT_SUPPORTS_48B_ADDRESS))
                pin_flags |= PIN_ZONE_4G;

        if (exec_flags & __EXEC_OBJECT_NEEDS_MAP)
                pin_flags |= PIN_MAPPABLE;

        if (exec_flags & EXEC_OBJECT_PINNED)
                pin_flags |= entry->offset | PIN_OFFSET_FIXED;
        else if (exec_flags & __EXEC_OBJECT_NEEDS_BIAS)
                pin_flags |= BATCH_OFFSET_BIAS | PIN_OFFSET_BIAS;

        return pin_flags;
}

static inline int
eb_pin_vma(struct i915_execbuffer *eb,
           const struct drm_i915_gem_exec_object2 *entry,
           struct eb_vma *ev)
{
        struct i915_vma *vma = ev->vma;
        u64 pin_flags;
        int err;

        if (vma->node.size)
                pin_flags = vma->node.start;
        else
                pin_flags = entry->offset & PIN_OFFSET_MASK;

        pin_flags |= PIN_USER | PIN_NOEVICT | PIN_OFFSET_FIXED | PIN_VALIDATE;
        if (unlikely(ev->flags & EXEC_OBJECT_NEEDS_GTT))
                pin_flags |= PIN_GLOBAL;

        /* Attempt to reuse the current location if available */
        err = i915_vma_pin_ww(vma, &eb->ww, 0, 0, pin_flags);
        if (err == -EDEADLK)
                return err;

        if (unlikely(err)) {
                if (entry->flags & EXEC_OBJECT_PINNED)
                        return err;

                /* Failing that pick any _free_ space if suitable */
                err = i915_vma_pin_ww(vma, &eb->ww,
                                             entry->pad_to_size,
                                             entry->alignment,
                                             eb_pin_flags(entry, ev->flags) |
                                             PIN_USER | PIN_NOEVICT | PIN_VALIDATE);
                if (unlikely(err))
                        return err;
        }

        if (unlikely(ev->flags & EXEC_OBJECT_NEEDS_FENCE)) {
                err = i915_vma_pin_fence(vma);
                if (unlikely(err))
                        return err;

                if (vma->fence)
                        ev->flags |= __EXEC_OBJECT_HAS_FENCE;
        }

        ev->flags |= __EXEC_OBJECT_HAS_PIN;
        if (eb_vma_misplaced(entry, vma, ev->flags))
                return -EBADSLT;

        return 0;
}

static inline void
eb_unreserve_vma(struct eb_vma *ev)
{
        if (unlikely(ev->flags & __EXEC_OBJECT_HAS_FENCE))
                __i915_vma_unpin_fence(ev->vma);

        ev->flags &= ~__EXEC_OBJECT_RESERVED;
}

static int
eb_validate_vma(struct i915_execbuffer *eb,
                struct drm_i915_gem_exec_object2 *entry,
                struct i915_vma *vma)
{
        /* Relocations are disallowed for all platforms after TGL-LP.  This
         * also covers all platforms with local memory.
         */
        if (entry->relocation_count &&
            GRAPHICS_VER(eb->i915) >= 12 && !IS_TIGERLAKE(eb->i915))
                return -EINVAL;

        if (unlikely(entry->flags & eb->invalid_flags))
                return -EINVAL;

        if (unlikely(entry->alignment &&
                     !is_power_of_2_u64(entry->alignment)))
                return -EINVAL;

        /*
         * Offset can be used as input (EXEC_OBJECT_PINNED), reject
         * any non-page-aligned or non-canonical addresses.
         */
        if (unlikely(entry->flags & EXEC_OBJECT_PINNED &&
                     entry->offset != gen8_canonical_addr(entry->offset & I915_GTT_PAGE_MASK)))
                return -EINVAL;

        /* pad_to_size was once a reserved field, so sanitize it */
        if (entry->flags & EXEC_OBJECT_PAD_TO_SIZE) {
                if (unlikely(offset_in_page(entry->pad_to_size)))
                        return -EINVAL;
        } else {
                entry->pad_to_size = 0;
        }
        /*
         * From drm_mm perspective address space is continuous,
         * so from this point we're always using non-canonical
         * form internally.
         */
        entry->offset = gen8_noncanonical_addr(entry->offset);

        if (!eb->reloc_cache.has_fence) {
                entry->flags &= ~EXEC_OBJECT_NEEDS_FENCE;
        } else {
                if ((entry->flags & EXEC_OBJECT_NEEDS_FENCE ||
                     eb->reloc_cache.needs_unfenced) &&
                    i915_gem_object_is_tiled(vma->obj))
                        entry->flags |= EXEC_OBJECT_NEEDS_GTT | __EXEC_OBJECT_NEEDS_MAP;
        }

        return 0;
}

static inline bool
is_batch_buffer(struct i915_execbuffer *eb, unsigned int buffer_idx)
{
        return eb->args->flags & I915_EXEC_BATCH_FIRST ?
                buffer_idx < eb->num_batches :
                buffer_idx >= eb->args->buffer_count - eb->num_batches;
}

static int
eb_add_vma(struct i915_execbuffer *eb,
           unsigned int *current_batch,
           unsigned int i,
           struct i915_vma *vma)
{
        struct drm_i915_private *i915 = eb->i915;
        struct drm_i915_gem_exec_object2 *entry = &eb->exec[i];
        struct eb_vma *ev = &eb->vma[i];

        ev->vma = vma;
        ev->exec = entry;
        ev->flags = entry->flags;

        if (eb->lut_size > 0) {
                ev->handle = entry->handle;
                hlist_add_head(&ev->node,
                               &eb->buckets[hash_32(entry->handle,
                                                    eb->lut_size)]);
        }

        if (entry->relocation_count)
                list_add_tail(&ev->reloc_link, &eb->relocs);

        /*
         * SNA is doing fancy tricks with compressing batch buffers, which leads
         * to negative relocation deltas. Usually that works out ok since the
         * relocate address is still positive, except when the batch is placed
         * very low in the GTT. Ensure this doesn't happen.
         *
         * Note that actual hangs have only been observed on gen7, but for
         * paranoia do it everywhere.
         */
        if (is_batch_buffer(eb, i)) {
                if (entry->relocation_count &&
                    !(ev->flags & EXEC_OBJECT_PINNED))
                        ev->flags |= __EXEC_OBJECT_NEEDS_BIAS;
                if (eb->reloc_cache.has_fence)
                        ev->flags |= EXEC_OBJECT_NEEDS_FENCE;

                eb->batches[*current_batch] = ev;

                if (unlikely(ev->flags & EXEC_OBJECT_WRITE)) {
                        drm_dbg(&i915->drm,
                                "Attempting to use self-modifying batch buffer\n");
                        return -EINVAL;
                }

                if (range_overflows_t(u64,
                                      eb->batch_start_offset,
                                      eb->args->batch_len,
                                      ev->vma->size)) {
                        drm_dbg(&i915->drm, "Attempting to use out-of-bounds batch\n");
                        return -EINVAL;
                }

                if (eb->args->batch_len == 0)
                        eb->batch_len[*current_batch] = ev->vma->size -
                                eb->batch_start_offset;
                else
                        eb->batch_len[*current_batch] = eb->args->batch_len;
                if (unlikely(eb->batch_len[*current_batch] == 0)) { /* impossible! */
                        drm_dbg(&i915->drm, "Invalid batch length\n");
                        return -EINVAL;
                }

                ++*current_batch;
        }

        return 0;
}

static inline int use_cpu_reloc(const struct reloc_cache *cache,
                                const struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj)
{
        if (!i915_gem_object_has_struct_page(obj))
                return false;

        if (DBG_FORCE_RELOC == FORCE_CPU_RELOC)
                return true;

        if (DBG_FORCE_RELOC == FORCE_GTT_RELOC)
                return false;

        return (cache->has_llc ||
                obj->cache_dirty ||
                obj->cache_level != I915_CACHE_NONE);
}

static int eb_reserve_vma(struct i915_execbuffer *eb,
                          struct eb_vma *ev,
                          u64 pin_flags)
{
        struct drm_i915_gem_exec_object2 *entry = ev->exec;
        struct i915_vma *vma = ev->vma;
        int err;

        if (drm_mm_node_allocated(&vma->node) &&
            eb_vma_misplaced(entry, vma, ev->flags)) {
                err = i915_vma_unbind(vma);
                if (err)
                        return err;
        }

        err = i915_vma_pin_ww(vma, &eb->ww,
                           entry->pad_to_size, entry->alignment,
                           eb_pin_flags(entry, ev->flags) | pin_flags);
        if (err)
                return err;

        if (entry->offset != vma->node.start) {
                entry->offset = vma->node.start | UPDATE;
                eb->args->flags |= __EXEC_HAS_RELOC;
        }

        if (unlikely(ev->flags & EXEC_OBJECT_NEEDS_FENCE)) {
                err = i915_vma_pin_fence(vma);
                if (unlikely(err))
                        return err;

                if (vma->fence)
                        ev->flags |= __EXEC_OBJECT_HAS_FENCE;
        }

        ev->flags |= __EXEC_OBJECT_HAS_PIN;
        GEM_BUG_ON(eb_vma_misplaced(entry, vma, ev->flags));

        return 0;
}

static bool eb_unbind(struct i915_execbuffer *eb, bool force)
{
        const unsigned int count = eb->buffer_count;
        unsigned int i;
        struct list_head last;
        bool unpinned = false;

        /* Resort *all* the objects into priority order */
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&eb->unbound);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&last);

        for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                struct eb_vma *ev = &eb->vma[i];
                unsigned int flags = ev->flags;

                if (!force && flags & EXEC_OBJECT_PINNED &&
                    flags & __EXEC_OBJECT_HAS_PIN)
                        continue;

                unpinned = true;
                eb_unreserve_vma(ev);

                if (flags & EXEC_OBJECT_PINNED)
                        /* Pinned must have their slot */
                        list_add(&ev->bind_link, &eb->unbound);
                else if (flags & __EXEC_OBJECT_NEEDS_MAP)
                        /* Map require the lowest 256MiB (aperture) */
                        list_add_tail(&ev->bind_link, &eb->unbound);
                else if (!(flags & EXEC_OBJECT_SUPPORTS_48B_ADDRESS))
                        /* Prioritise 4GiB region for restricted bo */
                        list_add(&ev->bind_link, &last);
                else
                        list_add_tail(&ev->bind_link, &last);
        }

        list_splice_tail(&last, &eb->unbound);
        return unpinned;
}

static int eb_reserve(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        struct eb_vma *ev;
        unsigned int pass;
        int err = 0;
        bool unpinned;

        /*
         * Attempt to pin all of the buffers into the GTT.
         * This is done in 2 phases:
         *
         * 1. Unbind all objects that do not match the GTT constraints for
         *    the execbuffer (fenceable, mappable, alignment etc).
         * 2. Bind new objects.
         *
         * This avoid unnecessary unbinding of later objects in order to make
         * room for the earlier objects *unless* we need to defragment.
         *
         * Defragmenting is skipped if all objects are pinned at a fixed location.
         */
        for (pass = 0; pass <= 2; pass++) {
                int pin_flags = PIN_USER | PIN_VALIDATE;

                if (pass == 0)
                        pin_flags |= PIN_NONBLOCK;

                if (pass >= 1)
                        unpinned = eb_unbind(eb, pass == 2);

                if (pass == 2) {
                        err = mutex_lock_interruptible(&eb->context->vm->mutex);
                        if (!err) {
                                err = i915_gem_evict_vm(eb->context->vm, &eb->ww);
                                mutex_unlock(&eb->context->vm->mutex);
                        }
                        if (err)
                                return err;
                }

                list_for_each_entry(ev, &eb->unbound, bind_link) {
                        err = eb_reserve_vma(eb, ev, pin_flags);
                        if (err)
                                break;
                }

                if (err != -ENOSPC)
                        break;
        }

        return err;
}

static int eb_select_context(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        struct i915_gem_context *ctx;

        ctx = i915_gem_context_lookup(eb->file->driver_priv, eb->args->rsvd1);
        if (unlikely(IS_ERR(ctx)))
                return PTR_ERR(ctx);

        eb->gem_context = ctx;
        if (i915_gem_context_has_full_ppgtt(ctx))
                eb->invalid_flags |= EXEC_OBJECT_NEEDS_GTT;

        return 0;
}

static int __eb_add_lut(struct i915_execbuffer *eb,
                        u32 handle, struct i915_vma *vma)
{
        struct i915_gem_context *ctx = eb->gem_context;
        struct i915_lut_handle *lut;
        int err;

        lut = i915_lut_handle_alloc();
        if (unlikely(!lut))
                return -ENOMEM;

        i915_vma_get(vma);
        if (!atomic_fetch_inc(&vma->open_count))
                i915_vma_reopen(vma);
        lut->handle = handle;
        lut->ctx = ctx;

        /* Check that the context hasn't been closed in the meantime */
        err = -EINTR;
        if (!mutex_lock_interruptible(&ctx->lut_mutex)) {
                if (likely(!i915_gem_context_is_closed(ctx)))
                        err = radix_tree_insert(&ctx->handles_vma, handle, vma);
                else
                        err = -ENOENT;
                if (err == 0) { /* And nor has this handle */
                        struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj = vma->obj;

                        spin_lock(&obj->lut_lock);
                        if (idr_find(&eb->file->object_idr, handle) == obj) {
                                list_add(&lut->obj_link, &obj->lut_list);
                        } else {
                                radix_tree_delete(&ctx->handles_vma, handle);
                                err = -ENOENT;
                        }
                        spin_unlock(&obj->lut_lock);
                }
                mutex_unlock(&ctx->lut_mutex);
        }
        if (unlikely(err))
                goto err;

        return 0;

err:
        i915_vma_close(vma);
        i915_vma_put(vma);
        i915_lut_handle_free(lut);
        return err;
}

static struct i915_vma *eb_lookup_vma(struct i915_execbuffer *eb, u32 handle)
{
        struct i915_address_space *vm = eb->context->vm;

        do {
                struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj;
                struct i915_vma *vma;
                int err;

                rcu_read_lock();
                vma = radix_tree_lookup(&eb->gem_context->handles_vma, handle);
                if (likely(vma && vma->vm == vm))
                        vma = i915_vma_tryget(vma);
                rcu_read_unlock();
                if (likely(vma))
                        return vma;

                obj = i915_gem_object_lookup(eb->file, handle);
                if (unlikely(!obj))
                        return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);

                /*
                 * If the user has opted-in for protected-object tracking, make
                 * sure the object encryption can be used.
                 * We only need to do this when the object is first used with
                 * this context, because the context itself will be banned when
                 * the protected objects become invalid.
                 */
                if (i915_gem_context_uses_protected_content(eb->gem_context) &&
                    i915_gem_object_is_protected(obj)) {
                        err = intel_pxp_key_check(&vm->gt->pxp, obj, true);
                        if (err) {
                                i915_gem_object_put(obj);
                                return ERR_PTR(err);
                        }
                }

                vma = i915_vma_instance(obj, vm, NULL);
                if (IS_ERR(vma)) {
                        i915_gem_object_put(obj);
                        return vma;
                }

                err = __eb_add_lut(eb, handle, vma);
                if (likely(!err))
                        return vma;

                i915_gem_object_put(obj);
                if (err != -EEXIST)
                        return ERR_PTR(err);
        } while (1);
}

static int eb_lookup_vmas(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        unsigned int i, current_batch = 0;
        int err = 0;

        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&eb->relocs);

        for (i = 0; i < eb->buffer_count; i++) {
                struct i915_vma *vma;

                vma = eb_lookup_vma(eb, eb->exec[i].handle);
                if (IS_ERR(vma)) {
                        err = PTR_ERR(vma);
                        goto err;
                }

                err = eb_validate_vma(eb, &eb->exec[i], vma);
                if (unlikely(err)) {
                        i915_vma_put(vma);
                        goto err;
                }

                err = eb_add_vma(eb, &current_batch, i, vma);
                if (err)
                        return err;

                if (i915_gem_object_is_userptr(vma->obj)) {
                        err = i915_gem_object_userptr_submit_init(vma->obj);
                        if (err) {
                                if (i + 1 < eb->buffer_count) {
                                        /*
                                         * Execbuffer code expects last vma entry to be NULL,
                                         * since we already initialized this entry,
                                         * set the next value to NULL or we mess up
                                         * cleanup handling.
                                         */
                                        eb->vma[i + 1].vma = NULL;
                                }

                                return err;
                        }

                        eb->vma[i].flags |= __EXEC_OBJECT_USERPTR_INIT;
                        eb->args->flags |= __EXEC_USERPTR_USED;
                }
        }

        return 0;

err:
        eb->vma[i].vma = NULL;
        return err;
}

static int eb_lock_vmas(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        unsigned int i;
        int err;

        for (i = 0; i < eb->buffer_count; i++) {
                struct eb_vma *ev = &eb->vma[i];
                struct i915_vma *vma = ev->vma;

                err = i915_gem_object_lock(vma->obj, &eb->ww);
                if (err)
                        return err;
        }

        return 0;
}

static int eb_validate_vmas(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        unsigned int i;
        int err;

        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&eb->unbound);

        err = eb_lock_vmas(eb);
        if (err)
                return err;

        for (i = 0; i < eb->buffer_count; i++) {
                struct drm_i915_gem_exec_object2 *entry = &eb->exec[i];
                struct eb_vma *ev = &eb->vma[i];
                struct i915_vma *vma = ev->vma;

                err = eb_pin_vma(eb, entry, ev);
                if (err == -EDEADLK)
                        return err;

                if (!err) {
                        if (entry->offset != vma->node.start) {
                                entry->offset = vma->node.start | UPDATE;
                                eb->args->flags |= __EXEC_HAS_RELOC;
                        }
                } else {
                        eb_unreserve_vma(ev);

                        list_add_tail(&ev->bind_link, &eb->unbound);
                        if (drm_mm_node_allocated(&vma->node)) {
                                err = i915_vma_unbind(vma);
                                if (err)
                                        return err;
                        }
                }

                err = dma_resv_reserve_fences(vma->obj->base.resv, 1);
                if (err)
                        return err;

                GEM_BUG_ON(drm_mm_node_allocated(&vma->node) &&
                           eb_vma_misplaced(&eb->exec[i], vma, ev->flags));
        }

        if (!list_empty(&eb->unbound))
                return eb_reserve(eb);

        return 0;
}

static struct eb_vma *
eb_get_vma(const struct i915_execbuffer *eb, unsigned long handle)
{
        if (eb->lut_size < 0) {
                if (handle >= -eb->lut_size)
                        return NULL;
                return &eb->vma[handle];
        } else {
                struct hlist_head *head;
                struct eb_vma *ev;

                head = &eb->buckets[hash_32(handle, eb->lut_size)];
                hlist_for_each_entry(ev, head, node) {
                        if (ev->handle == handle)
                                return ev;
                }
                return NULL;
        }
}

static void eb_release_vmas(struct i915_execbuffer *eb, bool final)
{
        const unsigned int count = eb->buffer_count;
        unsigned int i;

        for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                struct eb_vma *ev = &eb->vma[i];
                struct i915_vma *vma = ev->vma;

                if (!vma)
                        break;

                eb_unreserve_vma(ev);

                if (final)
                        i915_vma_put(vma);
        }

        eb_capture_release(eb);
        eb_unpin_engine(eb);
}

static void eb_destroy(const struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        if (eb->lut_size > 0)
                kfree(eb->buckets);
}

static inline u64
relocation_target(const struct drm_i915_gem_relocation_entry *reloc,
                  const struct i915_vma *target)
{
        return gen8_canonical_addr((int)reloc->delta + target->node.start);
}

static void reloc_cache_init(struct reloc_cache *cache,
                             struct drm_i915_private *i915)
{
        cache->page = -1;
        cache->vaddr = 0;
        /* Must be a variable in the struct to allow GCC to unroll. */
        cache->graphics_ver = GRAPHICS_VER(i915);
        cache->has_llc = HAS_LLC(i915);
        cache->use_64bit_reloc = HAS_64BIT_RELOC(i915);
        cache->has_fence = cache->graphics_ver < 4;
        cache->needs_unfenced = INTEL_INFO(i915)->unfenced_needs_alignment;
        cache->node.flags = 0;
}

static inline void *unmask_page(unsigned long p)
{
        return (void *)(uintptr_t)(p & PAGE_MASK);
}

static inline unsigned int unmask_flags(unsigned long p)
{
        return p & ~PAGE_MASK;
}

#define KMAP 0x4 /* after CLFLUSH_FLAGS */

static inline struct i915_ggtt *cache_to_ggtt(struct reloc_cache *cache)
{
        struct drm_i915_private *i915 =
                container_of(cache, struct i915_execbuffer, reloc_cache)->i915;
        return to_gt(i915)->ggtt;
}

static void reloc_cache_unmap(struct reloc_cache *cache)
{
        void *vaddr;

        if (!cache->vaddr)
                return;

        vaddr = unmask_page(cache->vaddr);
        if (cache->vaddr & KMAP)
                kunmap_atomic(vaddr);
        else
                io_mapping_unmap_atomic((void __iomem *)vaddr);
}

static void reloc_cache_remap(struct reloc_cache *cache,
                              struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj)
{
        void *vaddr;

        if (!cache->vaddr)
                return;

        if (cache->vaddr & KMAP) {
                struct page *page = i915_gem_object_get_page(obj, cache->page);

                vaddr = kmap_atomic(page);
                cache->vaddr = unmask_flags(cache->vaddr) |
                        (unsigned long)vaddr;
        } else {
                struct i915_ggtt *ggtt = cache_to_ggtt(cache);
                unsigned long offset;

                offset = cache->node.start;
                if (!drm_mm_node_allocated(&cache->node))
                        offset += cache->page << PAGE_SHIFT;

                cache->vaddr = (unsigned long)
                        io_mapping_map_atomic_wc(&ggtt->iomap, offset);
        }
}

static void reloc_cache_reset(struct reloc_cache *cache, struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        void *vaddr;

        if (!cache->vaddr)
                return;

        vaddr = unmask_page(cache->vaddr);
        if (cache->vaddr & KMAP) {
                struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj =
                        (struct drm_i915_gem_object *)cache->node.mm;
                if (cache->vaddr & CLFLUSH_AFTER)
                        mb();

                kunmap_atomic(vaddr);
                i915_gem_object_finish_access(obj);
        } else {
                struct i915_ggtt *ggtt = cache_to_ggtt(cache);

                intel_gt_flush_ggtt_writes(ggtt->vm.gt);
                io_mapping_unmap_atomic((void __iomem *)vaddr);

                if (drm_mm_node_allocated(&cache->node)) {
                        ggtt->vm.clear_range(&ggtt->vm,
                                             cache->node.start,
                                             cache->node.size);
                        mutex_lock(&ggtt->vm.mutex);
                        drm_mm_remove_node(&cache->node);
                        mutex_unlock(&ggtt->vm.mutex);
                } else {
                        i915_vma_unpin((struct i915_vma *)cache->node.mm);
                }
        }

        cache->vaddr = 0;
        cache->page = -1;
}

static void *reloc_kmap(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
                        struct reloc_cache *cache,
                        unsigned long pageno)
{
        void *vaddr;
        struct page *page;

        if (cache->vaddr) {
                kunmap_atomic(unmask_page(cache->vaddr));
        } else {
                unsigned int flushes;
                int err;

                err = i915_gem_object_prepare_write(obj, &flushes);
                if (err)
                        return ERR_PTR(err);

                BUILD_BUG_ON(KMAP & CLFLUSH_FLAGS);
                BUILD_BUG_ON((KMAP | CLFLUSH_FLAGS) & PAGE_MASK);

                cache->vaddr = flushes | KMAP;
                cache->node.mm = (void *)obj;
                if (flushes)
                        mb();
        }

        page = i915_gem_object_get_page(obj, pageno);
        if (!obj->mm.dirty)
                set_page_dirty(page);

        vaddr = kmap_atomic(page);
        cache->vaddr = unmask_flags(cache->vaddr) | (unsigned long)vaddr;
        cache->page = pageno;

        return vaddr;
}

static void *reloc_iomap(struct i915_vma *batch,
                         struct i915_execbuffer *eb,
                         unsigned long page)
{
        struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj = batch->obj;
        struct reloc_cache *cache = &eb->reloc_cache;
        struct i915_ggtt *ggtt = cache_to_ggtt(cache);
        unsigned long offset;
        void *vaddr;

        if (cache->vaddr) {
                intel_gt_flush_ggtt_writes(ggtt->vm.gt);
                io_mapping_unmap_atomic((void __force __iomem *) unmask_page(cache->vaddr));
        } else {
                struct i915_vma *vma = ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);
                int err;

                if (i915_gem_object_is_tiled(obj))
                        return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);

                if (use_cpu_reloc(cache, obj))
                        return NULL;

                err = i915_gem_object_set_to_gtt_domain(obj, true);
                if (err)
                        return ERR_PTR(err);

                /*
                 * i915_gem_object_ggtt_pin_ww may attempt to remove the batch
                 * VMA from the object list because we no longer pin.
                 *
                 * Only attempt to pin the batch buffer to ggtt if the current batch
                 * is not inside ggtt, or the batch buffer is not misplaced.
                 */
                if (!i915_is_ggtt(batch->vm)) {
                        vma = i915_gem_object_ggtt_pin_ww(obj, &eb->ww, NULL, 0, 0,
                                                          PIN_MAPPABLE |
                                                          PIN_NONBLOCK /* NOWARN */ |
                                                          PIN_NOEVICT);
                } else if (i915_vma_is_map_and_fenceable(batch)) {
                        __i915_vma_pin(batch);
                        vma = batch;
                }

                if (vma == ERR_PTR(-EDEADLK))
                        return vma;

                if (IS_ERR(vma)) {
                        memset(&cache->node, 0, sizeof(cache->node));
                        mutex_lock(&ggtt->vm.mutex);
                        err = drm_mm_insert_node_in_range
                                (&ggtt->vm.mm, &cache->node,
                                 PAGE_SIZE, 0, I915_COLOR_UNEVICTABLE,
                                 0, ggtt->mappable_end,
                                 DRM_MM_INSERT_LOW);
                        mutex_unlock(&ggtt->vm.mutex);
                        if (err) /* no inactive aperture space, use cpu reloc */
                                return NULL;
                } else {
                        cache->node.start = vma->node.start;
                        cache->node.mm = (void *)vma;
                }
        }

        offset = cache->node.start;
        if (drm_mm_node_allocated(&cache->node)) {
                ggtt->vm.insert_page(&ggtt->vm,
                                     i915_gem_object_get_dma_address(obj, page),
                                     offset, I915_CACHE_NONE, 0);
        } else {
                offset += page << PAGE_SHIFT;
        }

        vaddr = (void __force *)io_mapping_map_atomic_wc(&ggtt->iomap,
                                                         offset);
        cache->page = page;
        cache->vaddr = (unsigned long)vaddr;

        return vaddr;
}

static void *reloc_vaddr(struct i915_vma *vma,
                         struct i915_execbuffer *eb,
                         unsigned long page)
{
        struct reloc_cache *cache = &eb->reloc_cache;
        void *vaddr;

        if (cache->page == page) {
                vaddr = unmask_page(cache->vaddr);
        } else {
                vaddr = NULL;
                if ((cache->vaddr & KMAP) == 0)
                        vaddr = reloc_iomap(vma, eb, page);
                if (!vaddr)
                        vaddr = reloc_kmap(vma->obj, cache, page);
        }

        return vaddr;
}

static void clflush_write32(u32 *addr, u32 value, unsigned int flushes)
{
        if (unlikely(flushes & (CLFLUSH_BEFORE | CLFLUSH_AFTER))) {
                if (flushes & CLFLUSH_BEFORE)
                        drm_clflush_virt_range(addr, sizeof(*addr));

                *addr = value;

                /*
                 * Writes to the same cacheline are serialised by the CPU
                 * (including clflush). On the write path, we only require
                 * that it hits memory in an orderly fashion and place
                 * mb barriers at the start and end of the relocation phase
                 * to ensure ordering of clflush wrt to the system.
                 */
                if (flushes & CLFLUSH_AFTER)
                        drm_clflush_virt_range(addr, sizeof(*addr));
        } else
                *addr = value;
}

static u64
relocate_entry(struct i915_vma *vma,
               const struct drm_i915_gem_relocation_entry *reloc,
               struct i915_execbuffer *eb,
               const struct i915_vma *target)
{
        u64 target_addr = relocation_target(reloc, target);
        u64 offset = reloc->offset;
        bool wide = eb->reloc_cache.use_64bit_reloc;
        void *vaddr;

repeat:
        vaddr = reloc_vaddr(vma, eb,
                            offset >> PAGE_SHIFT);
        if (IS_ERR(vaddr))
                return PTR_ERR(vaddr);

        GEM_BUG_ON(!IS_ALIGNED(offset, sizeof(u32)));
        clflush_write32(vaddr + offset_in_page(offset),
                        lower_32_bits(target_addr),
                        eb->reloc_cache.vaddr);

        if (wide) {
                offset += sizeof(u32);
                target_addr >>= 32;
                wide = false;
                goto repeat;
        }

        return target->node.start | UPDATE;
}

static u64
eb_relocate_entry(struct i915_execbuffer *eb,
                  struct eb_vma *ev,
                  const struct drm_i915_gem_relocation_entry *reloc)
{
        struct drm_i915_private *i915 = eb->i915;
        struct eb_vma *target;
        int err;

        /* we've already hold a reference to all valid objects */
        target = eb_get_vma(eb, reloc->target_handle);
        if (unlikely(!target))
                return -ENOENT;

        /* Validate that the target is in a valid r/w GPU domain */
        if (unlikely(reloc->write_domain & (reloc->write_domain - 1))) {
                drm_dbg(&i915->drm, "reloc with multiple write domains: "
                          "target %d offset %d "
                          "read %08x write %08x",
                          reloc->target_handle,
                          (int) reloc->offset,
                          reloc->read_domains,
                          reloc->write_domain);
                return -EINVAL;
        }
        if (unlikely((reloc->write_domain | reloc->read_domains)
                     & ~I915_GEM_GPU_DOMAINS)) {
                drm_dbg(&i915->drm, "reloc with read/write non-GPU domains: "
                          "target %d offset %d "
                          "read %08x write %08x",
                          reloc->target_handle,
                          (int) reloc->offset,
                          reloc->read_domains,
                          reloc->write_domain);
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        if (reloc->write_domain) {
                target->flags |= EXEC_OBJECT_WRITE;

                /*
                 * Sandybridge PPGTT errata: We need a global gtt mapping
                 * for MI and pipe_control writes because the gpu doesn't
                 * properly redirect them through the ppgtt for non_secure
                 * batchbuffers.
                 */
                if (reloc->write_domain == I915_GEM_DOMAIN_INSTRUCTION &&
                    GRAPHICS_VER(eb->i915) == 6 &&
                    !i915_vma_is_bound(target->vma, I915_VMA_GLOBAL_BIND)) {
                        struct i915_vma *vma = target->vma;

                        reloc_cache_unmap(&eb->reloc_cache);
                        mutex_lock(&vma->vm->mutex);
                        err = i915_vma_bind(target->vma,
                                            target->vma->obj->cache_level,
                                            PIN_GLOBAL, NULL, NULL);
                        mutex_unlock(&vma->vm->mutex);
                        reloc_cache_remap(&eb->reloc_cache, ev->vma->obj);
                        if (err)
                                return err;
                }
        }

        /*
         * If the relocation already has the right value in it, no
         * more work needs to be done.
         */
        if (!DBG_FORCE_RELOC &&
            gen8_canonical_addr(target->vma->node.start) == reloc->presumed_offset)
                return 0;

        /* Check that the relocation address is valid... */
        if (unlikely(reloc->offset >
                     ev->vma->size - (eb->reloc_cache.use_64bit_reloc ? 8 : 4))) {
                drm_dbg(&i915->drm, "Relocation beyond object bounds: "
                          "target %d offset %d size %d.\n",
                          reloc->target_handle,
                          (int)reloc->offset,
                          (int)ev->vma->size);
                return -EINVAL;
        }
        if (unlikely(reloc->offset & 3)) {
                drm_dbg(&i915->drm, "Relocation not 4-byte aligned: "
                          "target %d offset %d.\n",
                          reloc->target_handle,
                          (int)reloc->offset);
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        /*
         * If we write into the object, we need to force the synchronisation
         * barrier, either with an asynchronous clflush or if we executed the
         * patching using the GPU (though that should be serialised by the
         * timeline). To be completely sure, and since we are required to
         * do relocations we are already stalling, disable the user's opt
         * out of our synchronisation.
         */
        ev->flags &= ~EXEC_OBJECT_ASYNC;

        /* and update the user's relocation entry */
        return relocate_entry(ev->vma, reloc, eb, target->vma);
}

static int eb_relocate_vma(struct i915_execbuffer *eb, struct eb_vma *ev)
{
#define N_RELOC(x) ((x) / sizeof(struct drm_i915_gem_relocation_entry))
        struct drm_i915_gem_relocation_entry stack[N_RELOC(512)];
        const struct drm_i915_gem_exec_object2 *entry = ev->exec;
        struct drm_i915_gem_relocation_entry __user *urelocs =
                u64_to_user_ptr(entry->relocs_ptr);
        unsigned long remain = entry->relocation_count;

        if (unlikely(remain > N_RELOC(ULONG_MAX)))
                return -EINVAL;

        /*
         * We must check that the entire relocation array is safe
         * to read. However, if the array is not writable the user loses
         * the updated relocation values.
         */
        if (unlikely(!access_ok(urelocs, remain * sizeof(*urelocs))))
                return -EFAULT;

        do {
                struct drm_i915_gem_relocation_entry *r = stack;
                unsigned int count =
                        min_t(unsigned long, remain, ARRAY_SIZE(stack));
                unsigned int copied;

                /*
                 * This is the fast path and we cannot handle a pagefault
                 * whilst holding the struct mutex lest the user pass in the
                 * relocations contained within a mmaped bo. For in such a case
                 * we, the page fault handler would call i915_gem_fault() and
                 * we would try to acquire the struct mutex again. Obviously
                 * this is bad and so lockdep complains vehemently.
                 */
                pagefault_disable();
                copied = __copy_from_user_inatomic(r, urelocs, count * sizeof(r[0]));
                pagefault_enable();
                if (unlikely(copied)) {
                        remain = -EFAULT;
                        goto out;
                }

                remain -= count;
                do {
                        u64 offset = eb_relocate_entry(eb, ev, r);

                        if (likely(offset == 0)) {
                        } else if ((s64)offset < 0) {
                                remain = (int)offset;
                                goto out;
                        } else {
                                /*
                                 * Note that reporting an error now
                                 * leaves everything in an inconsistent
                                 * state as we have *already* changed
                                 * the relocation value inside the
                                 * object. As we have not changed the
                                 * reloc.presumed_offset or will not
                                 * change the execobject.offset, on the
                                 * call we may not rewrite the value
                                 * inside the object, leaving it
                                 * dangling and causing a GPU hang. Unless
                                 * userspace dynamically rebuilds the
                                 * relocations on each execbuf rather than
                                 * presume a static tree.
                                 *
                                 * We did previously check if the relocations
                                 * were writable (access_ok), an error now
                                 * would be a strange race with mprotect,
                                 * having already demonstrated that we
                                 * can read from this userspace address.
                                 */
                                offset = gen8_canonical_addr(offset & ~UPDATE);
                                __put_user(offset,
                                           &urelocs[r - stack].presumed_offset);
                        }
                } while (r++, --count);
                urelocs += ARRAY_SIZE(stack);
        } while (remain);
out:
        reloc_cache_reset(&eb->reloc_cache, eb);
        return remain;
}

static int
eb_relocate_vma_slow(struct i915_execbuffer *eb, struct eb_vma *ev)
{
        const struct drm_i915_gem_exec_object2 *entry = ev->exec;
        struct drm_i915_gem_relocation_entry *relocs =
                u64_to_ptr(typeof(*relocs), entry->relocs_ptr);
        unsigned int i;
        int err;

        for (i = 0; i < entry->relocation_count; i++) {
                u64 offset = eb_relocate_entry(eb, ev, &relocs[i]);

                if ((s64)offset < 0) {
                        err = (int)offset;
                        goto err;
                }
        }
        err = 0;
err:
        reloc_cache_reset(&eb->reloc_cache, eb);
        return err;
}

static int check_relocations(const struct drm_i915_gem_exec_object2 *entry)
{
        const char __user *addr, *end;
        unsigned long size;
        char __maybe_unused c;

        size = entry->relocation_count;
        if (size == 0)
                return 0;

        if (size > N_RELOC(ULONG_MAX))
                return -EINVAL;

        addr = u64_to_user_ptr(entry->relocs_ptr);
        size *= sizeof(struct drm_i915_gem_relocation_entry);
        if (!access_ok(addr, size))
                return -EFAULT;

        end = addr + size;
        for (; addr < end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
                int err = __get_user(c, addr);
                if (err)
                        return err;
        }
        return __get_user(c, end - 1);
}

static int eb_copy_relocations(const struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        struct drm_i915_gem_relocation_entry *relocs;
        const unsigned int count = eb->buffer_count;
        unsigned int i;
        int err;

        for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                const unsigned int nreloc = eb->exec[i].relocation_count;
                struct drm_i915_gem_relocation_entry __user *urelocs;
                unsigned long size;
                unsigned long copied;

                if (nreloc == 0)
                        continue;

                err = check_relocations(&eb->exec[i]);
                if (err)
                        goto err;

                urelocs = u64_to_user_ptr(eb->exec[i].relocs_ptr);
                size = nreloc * sizeof(*relocs);

                relocs = kvmalloc_array(size, 1, GFP_KERNEL);
                if (!relocs) {
                        err = -ENOMEM;
                        goto err;
                }

                /* copy_from_user is limited to < 4GiB */
                copied = 0;
                do {
                        unsigned int len =
                                min_t(u64, BIT_ULL(31), size - copied);

                        if (__copy_from_user((char *)relocs + copied,
                                             (char __user *)urelocs + copied,
                                             len))
                                goto end;

                        copied += len;
                } while (copied < size);

                /*
                 * As we do not update the known relocation offsets after
                 * relocating (due to the complexities in lock handling),
                 * we need to mark them as invalid now so that we force the
                 * relocation processing next time. Just in case the target
                 * object is evicted and then rebound into its old
                 * presumed_offset before the next execbuffer - if that
                 * happened we would make the mistake of assuming that the
                 * relocations were valid.
                 */
                if (!user_access_begin(urelocs, size))
                        goto end;

                for (copied = 0; copied < nreloc; copied++)
                        unsafe_put_user(-1,
                                        &urelocs[copied].presumed_offset,
                                        end_user);
                user_access_end();

                eb->exec[i].relocs_ptr = (uintptr_t)relocs;
        }

        return 0;

end_user:
        user_access_end();
end:
        kvfree(relocs);
        err = -EFAULT;
err:
        while (i--) {
                relocs = u64_to_ptr(typeof(*relocs), eb->exec[i].relocs_ptr);
                if (eb->exec[i].relocation_count)
                        kvfree(relocs);
        }
        return err;
}

static int eb_prefault_relocations(const struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        const unsigned int count = eb->buffer_count;
        unsigned int i;

        for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                int err;

                err = check_relocations(&eb->exec[i]);
                if (err)
                        return err;
        }

        return 0;
}

static int eb_reinit_userptr(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        const unsigned int count = eb->buffer_count;
        unsigned int i;
        int ret;

        if (likely(!(eb->args->flags & __EXEC_USERPTR_USED)))
                return 0;

        for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                struct eb_vma *ev = &eb->vma[i];

                if (!i915_gem_object_is_userptr(ev->vma->obj))
                        continue;

                ret = i915_gem_object_userptr_submit_init(ev->vma->obj);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;

                ev->flags |= __EXEC_OBJECT_USERPTR_INIT;
        }

        return 0;
}

static noinline int eb_relocate_parse_slow(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        bool have_copy = false;
        struct eb_vma *ev;
        int err = 0;

repeat:
        if (signal_pending(current)) {
                err = -ERESTARTSYS;
                goto out;
        }

        /* We may process another execbuffer during the unlock... */
        eb_release_vmas(eb, false);
        i915_gem_ww_ctx_fini(&eb->ww);

        /*
         * We take 3 passes through the slowpatch.
         *
         * 1 - we try to just prefault all the user relocation entries and
         * then attempt to reuse the atomic pagefault disabled fast path again.
         *
         * 2 - we copy the user entries to a local buffer here outside of the
         * local and allow ourselves to wait upon any rendering before
         * relocations
         *
         * 3 - we already have a local copy of the relocation entries, but
         * were interrupted (EAGAIN) whilst waiting for the objects, try again.
         */
        if (!err) {
                err = eb_prefault_relocations(eb);
        } else if (!have_copy) {
                err = eb_copy_relocations(eb);
                have_copy = err == 0;
        } else {
                cond_resched();
                err = 0;
        }

        if (!err)
                err = eb_reinit_userptr(eb);

        i915_gem_ww_ctx_init(&eb->ww, true);
        if (err)
                goto out;

        /* reacquire the objects */
repeat_validate:
        err = eb_pin_engine(eb, false);
        if (err)
                goto err;

        err = eb_validate_vmas(eb);
        if (err)
                goto err;

        GEM_BUG_ON(!eb->batches[0]);

        list_for_each_entry(ev, &eb->relocs, reloc_link) {
                if (!have_copy) {
                        err = eb_relocate_vma(eb, ev);
                        if (err)
                                break;
                } else {
                        err = eb_relocate_vma_slow(eb, ev);
                        if (err)
                                break;
                }
        }

        if (err == -EDEADLK)
                goto err;

        if (err && !have_copy)
                goto repeat;

        if (err)
                goto err;

        /* as last step, parse the command buffer */
        err = eb_parse(eb);
        if (err)
                goto err;

        /*
         * Leave the user relocations as are, this is the painfully slow path,
         * and we want to avoid the complication of dropping the lock whilst
         * having buffers reserved in the aperture and so causing spurious
         * ENOSPC for random operations.
         */

err:
        if (err == -EDEADLK) {
                eb_release_vmas(eb, false);
                err = i915_gem_ww_ctx_backoff(&eb->ww);
                if (!err)
                        goto repeat_validate;
        }

        if (err == -EAGAIN)
                goto repeat;

out:
        if (have_copy) {
                const unsigned int count = eb->buffer_count;
                unsigned int i;

                for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                        const struct drm_i915_gem_exec_object2 *entry =
                                &eb->exec[i];
                        struct drm_i915_gem_relocation_entry *relocs;

                        if (!entry->relocation_count)
                                continue;

                        relocs = u64_to_ptr(typeof(*relocs), entry->relocs_ptr);
                        kvfree(relocs);
                }
        }

        return err;
}

static int eb_relocate_parse(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        int err;
        bool throttle = true;

retry:
        err = eb_pin_engine(eb, throttle);
        if (err) {
                if (err != -EDEADLK)
                        return err;

                goto err;
        }

        /* only throttle once, even if we didn't need to throttle */
        throttle = false;

        err = eb_validate_vmas(eb);
        if (err == -EAGAIN)
                goto slow;
        else if (err)
                goto err;

        /* The objects are in their final locations, apply the relocations. */
        if (eb->args->flags & __EXEC_HAS_RELOC) {
                struct eb_vma *ev;

                list_for_each_entry(ev, &eb->relocs, reloc_link) {
                        err = eb_relocate_vma(eb, ev);
                        if (err)
                                break;
                }

                if (err == -EDEADLK)
                        goto err;
                else if (err)
                        goto slow;
        }

        if (!err)
                err = eb_parse(eb);

err:
        if (err == -EDEADLK) {
                eb_release_vmas(eb, false);
                err = i915_gem_ww_ctx_backoff(&eb->ww);
                if (!err)
                        goto retry;
        }

        return err;

slow:
        err = eb_relocate_parse_slow(eb);
        if (err)
                /*
                 * If the user expects the execobject.offset and
                 * reloc.presumed_offset to be an exact match,
                 * as for using NO_RELOC, then we cannot update
                 * the execobject.offset until we have completed
                 * relocation.
                 */
                eb->args->flags &= ~__EXEC_HAS_RELOC;

        return err;
}

/*
 * Using two helper loops for the order of which requests / batches are created
 * and added the to backend. Requests are created in order from the parent to
 * the last child. Requests are added in the reverse order, from the last child
 * to parent. This is done for locking reasons as the timeline lock is acquired
 * during request creation and released when the request is added to the
 * backend. To make lockdep happy (see intel_context_timeline_lock) this must be
 * the ordering.
 */
#define for_each_batch_create_order(_eb, _i) \
        for ((_i) = 0; (_i) < (_eb)->num_batches; ++(_i))
#define for_each_batch_add_order(_eb, _i) \
        BUILD_BUG_ON(!typecheck(int, _i)); \
        for ((_i) = (_eb)->num_batches - 1; (_i) >= 0; --(_i))

static struct i915_request *
eb_find_first_request_added(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        int i;

        for_each_batch_add_order(eb, i)
                if (eb->requests[i])
                        return eb->requests[i];

        GEM_BUG_ON("Request not found");

        return NULL;
}

#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DRM_I915_CAPTURE_ERROR)

/* Stage with GFP_KERNEL allocations before we enter the signaling critical path */
static void eb_capture_stage(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        const unsigned int count = eb->buffer_count;
        unsigned int i = count, j;

        while (i--) {
                struct eb_vma *ev = &eb->vma[i];
                struct i915_vma *vma = ev->vma;
                unsigned int flags = ev->flags;

                if (!(flags & EXEC_OBJECT_CAPTURE))
                        continue;

                for_each_batch_create_order(eb, j) {
                        struct i915_capture_list *capture;

                        capture = kmalloc(sizeof(*capture), GFP_KERNEL);
                        if (!capture)
                                continue;

                        capture->next = eb->capture_lists[j];
                        capture->vma_res = i915_vma_resource_get(vma->resource);
                        eb->capture_lists[j] = capture;
                }
        }
}

/* Commit once we're in the critical path */
static void eb_capture_commit(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        unsigned int j;

        for_each_batch_create_order(eb, j) {
                struct i915_request *rq = eb->requests[j];

                if (!rq)
                        break;

                rq->capture_list = eb->capture_lists[j];
                eb->capture_lists[j] = NULL;
        }
}

/*
 * Release anything that didn't get committed due to errors.
 * The capture_list will otherwise be freed at request retire.
 */
static void eb_capture_release(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        unsigned int j;

        for_each_batch_create_order(eb, j) {
                if (eb->capture_lists[j]) {
                        i915_request_free_capture_list(eb->capture_lists[j]);
                        eb->capture_lists[j] = NULL;
                }
        }
}

static void eb_capture_list_clear(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        memset(eb->capture_lists, 0, sizeof(eb->capture_lists));
}

#else

static void eb_capture_stage(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
}

static void eb_capture_commit(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
}

static void eb_capture_release(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
}

static void eb_capture_list_clear(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
}

#endif

static int eb_move_to_gpu(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        const unsigned int count = eb->buffer_count;
        unsigned int i = count;
        int err = 0, j;

        while (i--) {
                struct eb_vma *ev = &eb->vma[i];
                struct i915_vma *vma = ev->vma;
                unsigned int flags = ev->flags;
                struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj = vma->obj;

                assert_vma_held(vma);

                /*
                 * If the GPU is not _reading_ through the CPU cache, we need
                 * to make sure that any writes (both previous GPU writes from
                 * before a change in snooping levels and normal CPU writes)
                 * caught in that cache are flushed to main memory.
                 *
                 * We want to say
                 *   obj->cache_dirty &&
                 *   !(obj->cache_coherent & I915_BO_CACHE_COHERENT_FOR_READ)
                 * but gcc's optimiser doesn't handle that as well and emits
                 * two jumps instead of one. Maybe one day...
                 *
                 * FIXME: There is also sync flushing in set_pages(), which
                 * serves a different purpose(some of the time at least).
                 *
                 * We should consider:
                 *
                 *   1. Rip out the async flush code.
                 *
                 *   2. Or make the sync flushing use the async clflush path
                 *   using mandatory fences underneath. Currently the below
                 *   async flush happens after we bind the object.
                 */
                if (unlikely(obj->cache_dirty & ~obj->cache_coherent)) {
                        if (i915_gem_clflush_object(obj, 0))
                                flags &= ~EXEC_OBJECT_ASYNC;
                }

                /* We only need to await on the first request */
                if (err == 0 && !(flags & EXEC_OBJECT_ASYNC)) {
                        err = i915_request_await_object
                                (eb_find_first_request_added(eb), obj,
                                 flags & EXEC_OBJECT_WRITE);
                }

                for_each_batch_add_order(eb, j) {
                        if (err)
                                break;
                        if (!eb->requests[j])
                                continue;

                        err = _i915_vma_move_to_active(vma, eb->requests[j],
                                                       j ? NULL :
                                                       eb->composite_fence ?
                                                       eb->composite_fence :
                                                       &eb->requests[j]->fence,
                                                       flags | __EXEC_OBJECT_NO_RESERVE);
                }
        }

#ifdef CONFIG_MMU_NOTIFIER
        if (!err && (eb->args->flags & __EXEC_USERPTR_USED)) {
                read_lock(&eb->i915->mm.notifier_lock);

                /*
                 * count is always at least 1, otherwise __EXEC_USERPTR_USED
                 * could not have been set
                 */
                for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                        struct eb_vma *ev = &eb->vma[i];
                        struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj = ev->vma->obj;

                        if (!i915_gem_object_is_userptr(obj))
                                continue;

                        err = i915_gem_object_userptr_submit_done(obj);
                        if (err)
                                break;
                }

                read_unlock(&eb->i915->mm.notifier_lock);
        }
#endif

        if (unlikely(err))
                goto err_skip;

        /* Unconditionally flush any chipset caches (for streaming writes). */
        intel_gt_chipset_flush(eb->gt);
        eb_capture_commit(eb);

        return 0;

err_skip:
        for_each_batch_create_order(eb, j) {
                if (!eb->requests[j])
                        break;

                i915_request_set_error_once(eb->requests[j], err);
        }
        return err;
}

static int i915_gem_check_execbuffer(struct drm_i915_gem_execbuffer2 *exec)
{
        if (exec->flags & __I915_EXEC_ILLEGAL_FLAGS)
                return -EINVAL;

        /* Kernel clipping was a DRI1 misfeature */
        if (!(exec->flags & (I915_EXEC_FENCE_ARRAY |
                             I915_EXEC_USE_EXTENSIONS))) {
                if (exec->num_cliprects || exec->cliprects_ptr)
                        return -EINVAL;
        }

        if (exec->DR4 == 0xffffffff) {
                DRM_DEBUG("UXA submitting garbage DR4, fixing up\n");
                exec->DR4 = 0;
        }
        if (exec->DR1 || exec->DR4)
                return -EINVAL;

        if ((exec->batch_start_offset | exec->batch_len) & 0x7)
                return -EINVAL;

        return 0;
}

static int i915_reset_gen7_sol_offsets(struct i915_request *rq)
{
        u32 *cs;
        int i;

        if (GRAPHICS_VER(rq->engine->i915) != 7 || rq->engine->id != RCS0) {
                drm_dbg(&rq->engine->i915->drm, "sol reset is gen7/rcs only\n");
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        cs = intel_ring_begin(rq, 4 * 2 + 2);
        if (IS_ERR(cs))
                return PTR_ERR(cs);

        *cs++ = MI_LOAD_REGISTER_IMM(4);
        for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                *cs++ = i915_mmio_reg_offset(GEN7_SO_WRITE_OFFSET(i));
                *cs++ = 0;
        }
        *cs++ = MI_NOOP;
        intel_ring_advance(rq, cs);

        return 0;
}

static struct i915_vma *
shadow_batch_pin(struct i915_execbuffer *eb,
                 struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
                 struct i915_address_space *vm,
                 unsigned int flags)
{
        struct i915_vma *vma;
        int err;

        vma = i915_vma_instance(obj, vm, NULL);
        if (IS_ERR(vma))
                return vma;

        err = i915_vma_pin_ww(vma, &eb->ww, 0, 0, flags | PIN_VALIDATE);
        if (err)
                return ERR_PTR(err);

        return vma;
}

static struct i915_vma *eb_dispatch_secure(struct i915_execbuffer *eb, struct i915_vma *vma)
{
        /*
         * snb/ivb/vlv conflate the "batch in ppgtt" bit with the "non-secure
         * batch" bit. Hence we need to pin secure batches into the global gtt.
         * hsw should have this fixed, but bdw mucks it up again. */
        if (eb->batch_flags & I915_DISPATCH_SECURE)
                return i915_gem_object_ggtt_pin_ww(vma->obj, &eb->ww, NULL, 0, 0, PIN_VALIDATE);

        return NULL;
}

static int eb_parse(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        struct drm_i915_private *i915 = eb->i915;
        struct intel_gt_buffer_pool_node *pool = eb->batch_pool;
        struct i915_vma *shadow, *trampoline, *batch;
        unsigned long len;
        int err;

        if (!eb_use_cmdparser(eb)) {
                batch = eb_dispatch_secure(eb, eb->batches[0]->vma);
                if (IS_ERR(batch))
                        return PTR_ERR(batch);

                goto secure_batch;
        }

        if (intel_context_is_parallel(eb->context))
                return -EINVAL;

        len = eb->batch_len[0];
        if (!CMDPARSER_USES_GGTT(eb->i915)) {
                /*
                 * ppGTT backed shadow buffers must be mapped RO, to prevent
                 * post-scan tampering
                 */
                if (!eb->context->vm->has_read_only) {
                        drm_dbg(&i915->drm,
                                "Cannot prevent post-scan tampering without RO capable vm\n");
                        return -EINVAL;
                }
        } else {
                len += I915_CMD_PARSER_TRAMPOLINE_SIZE;
        }
        if (unlikely(len < eb->batch_len[0])) /* last paranoid check of overflow */
                return -EINVAL;

        if (!pool) {
                pool = intel_gt_get_buffer_pool(eb->gt, len,
                                                I915_MAP_WB);
                if (IS_ERR(pool))
                        return PTR_ERR(pool);
                eb->batch_pool = pool;
        }

        err = i915_gem_object_lock(pool->obj, &eb->ww);
        if (err)
                return err;

        shadow = shadow_batch_pin(eb, pool->obj, eb->context->vm, PIN_USER);
        if (IS_ERR(shadow))
                return PTR_ERR(shadow);

        intel_gt_buffer_pool_mark_used(pool);
        i915_gem_object_set_readonly(shadow->obj);
        shadow->private = pool;

        trampoline = NULL;
        if (CMDPARSER_USES_GGTT(eb->i915)) {
                trampoline = shadow;

                shadow = shadow_batch_pin(eb, pool->obj,
                                          &eb->gt->ggtt->vm,
                                          PIN_GLOBAL);
                if (IS_ERR(shadow))
                        return PTR_ERR(shadow);

                shadow->private = pool;

                eb->batch_flags |= I915_DISPATCH_SECURE;
        }

        batch = eb_dispatch_secure(eb, shadow);
        if (IS_ERR(batch))
                return PTR_ERR(batch);

        err = dma_resv_reserve_fences(shadow->obj->base.resv, 1);
        if (err)
                return err;

        err = intel_engine_cmd_parser(eb->context->engine,
                                      eb->batches[0]->vma,
                                      eb->batch_start_offset,
                                      eb->batch_len[0],
                                      shadow, trampoline);
        if (err)
                return err;

        eb->batches[0] = &eb->vma[eb->buffer_count++];
        eb->batches[0]->vma = i915_vma_get(shadow);
        eb->batches[0]->flags = __EXEC_OBJECT_HAS_PIN;

        eb->trampoline = trampoline;
        eb->batch_start_offset = 0;

secure_batch:
        if (batch) {
                if (intel_context_is_parallel(eb->context))
                        return -EINVAL;

                eb->batches[0] = &eb->vma[eb->buffer_count++];
                eb->batches[0]->flags = __EXEC_OBJECT_HAS_PIN;
                eb->batches[0]->vma = i915_vma_get(batch);
        }
        return 0;
}

static int eb_request_submit(struct i915_execbuffer *eb,
                             struct i915_request *rq,
                             struct i915_vma *batch,
                             u64 batch_len)
{
        int err;

        if (intel_context_nopreempt(rq->context))
                __set_bit(I915_FENCE_FLAG_NOPREEMPT, &rq->fence.flags);

        if (eb->args->flags & I915_EXEC_GEN7_SOL_RESET) {
                err = i915_reset_gen7_sol_offsets(rq);
                if (err)
                        return err;
        }

        /*
         * After we completed waiting for other engines (using HW semaphores)
         * then we can signal that this request/batch is ready to run. This
         * allows us to determine if the batch is still waiting on the GPU
         * or actually running by checking the breadcrumb.
         */
        if (rq->context->engine->emit_init_breadcrumb) {
                err = rq->context->engine->emit_init_breadcrumb(rq);
                if (err)
                        return err;
        }

        err = rq->context->engine->emit_bb_start(rq,
                                                 batch->node.start +
                                                 eb->batch_start_offset,
                                                 batch_len,
                                                 eb->batch_flags);
        if (err)
                return err;

        if (eb->trampoline) {
                GEM_BUG_ON(intel_context_is_parallel(rq->context));
                GEM_BUG_ON(eb->batch_start_offset);
                err = rq->context->engine->emit_bb_start(rq,
                                                         eb->trampoline->node.start +
                                                         batch_len, 0, 0);
                if (err)
                        return err;
        }

        return 0;
}

static int eb_submit(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        unsigned int i;
        int err;

        err = eb_move_to_gpu(eb);

        for_each_batch_create_order(eb, i) {
                if (!eb->requests[i])
                        break;

                trace_i915_request_queue(eb->requests[i], eb->batch_flags);
                if (!err)
                        err = eb_request_submit(eb, eb->requests[i],
                                                eb->batches[i]->vma,
                                                eb->batch_len[i]);
        }

        return err;
}

static int num_vcs_engines(struct drm_i915_private *i915)
{
        return hweight_long(VDBOX_MASK(to_gt(i915)));
}

/*
 * Find one BSD ring to dispatch the corresponding BSD command.
 * The engine index is returned.
 */
static unsigned int
gen8_dispatch_bsd_engine(struct drm_i915_private *dev_priv,
                         struct drm_file *file)
{
        struct drm_i915_file_private *file_priv = file->driver_priv;

        /* Check whether the file_priv has already selected one ring. */
        if ((int)file_priv->bsd_engine < 0)
                file_priv->bsd_engine =
                        get_random_int() % num_vcs_engines(dev_priv);

        return file_priv->bsd_engine;
}

static const enum intel_engine_id user_ring_map[] = {
        [I915_EXEC_DEFAULT]     = RCS0,
        [I915_EXEC_RENDER]      = RCS0,
        [I915_EXEC_BLT]         = BCS0,
        [I915_EXEC_BSD]         = VCS0,
        [I915_EXEC_VEBOX]       = VECS0
};

static struct i915_request *eb_throttle(struct i915_execbuffer *eb, struct intel_context *ce)
{
        struct intel_ring *ring = ce->ring;
        struct intel_timeline *tl = ce->timeline;
        struct i915_request *rq;

        /*
         * Completely unscientific finger-in-the-air estimates for suitable
         * maximum user request size (to avoid blocking) and then backoff.
         */
        if (intel_ring_update_space(ring) >= PAGE_SIZE)
                return NULL;

        /*
         * Find a request that after waiting upon, there will be at least half
         * the ring available. The hysteresis allows us to compete for the
         * shared ring and should mean that we sleep less often prior to
         * claiming our resources, but not so long that the ring completely
         * drains before we can submit our next request.
         */
        list_for_each_entry(rq, &tl->requests, link) {
                if (rq->ring != ring)
                        continue;

                if (__intel_ring_space(rq->postfix,
                                       ring->emit, ring->size) > ring->size / 2)
                        break;
        }
        if (&rq->link == &tl->requests)
                return NULL; /* weird, we will check again later for real */

        return i915_request_get(rq);
}

static int eb_pin_timeline(struct i915_execbuffer *eb, struct intel_context *ce,
                           bool throttle)
{
        struct intel_timeline *tl;
        struct i915_request *rq = NULL;

        /*
         * Take a local wakeref for preparing to dispatch the execbuf as
         * we expect to access the hardware fairly frequently in the
         * process, and require the engine to be kept awake between accesses.
         * Upon dispatch, we acquire another prolonged wakeref that we hold
         * until the timeline is idle, which in turn releases the wakeref
         * taken on the engine, and the parent device.
         */
        tl = intel_context_timeline_lock(ce);
        if (IS_ERR(tl))
                return PTR_ERR(tl);

        intel_context_enter(ce);
        if (throttle)
                rq = eb_throttle(eb, ce);
        intel_context_timeline_unlock(tl);

        if (rq) {
                bool nonblock = eb->file->filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK;
                long timeout = nonblock ? 0 : MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT;

                if (i915_request_wait(rq, I915_WAIT_INTERRUPTIBLE,
                                      timeout) < 0) {
                        i915_request_put(rq);

                        /*
                         * Error path, cannot use intel_context_timeline_lock as
                         * that is user interruptable and this clean up step
                         * must be done.
                         */
                        mutex_lock(&ce->timeline->mutex);
                        intel_context_exit(ce);
                        mutex_unlock(&ce->timeline->mutex);

                        if (nonblock)
                                return -EWOULDBLOCK;
                        else
                                return -EINTR;
                }
                i915_request_put(rq);
        }

        return 0;
}

static int eb_pin_engine(struct i915_execbuffer *eb, bool throttle)
{
        struct intel_context *ce = eb->context, *child;
        int err;
        int i = 0, j = 0;

        GEM_BUG_ON(eb->args->flags & __EXEC_ENGINE_PINNED);

        if (unlikely(intel_context_is_banned(ce)))
                return -EIO;

        /*
         * Pinning the contexts may generate requests in order to acquire
         * GGTT space, so do this first before we reserve a seqno for
         * ourselves.
         */
        err = intel_context_pin_ww(ce, &eb->ww);
        if (err)
                return err;
        for_each_child(ce, child) {
                err = intel_context_pin_ww(child, &eb->ww);
                GEM_BUG_ON(err);        /* perma-pinned should incr a counter */
        }

        for_each_child(ce, child) {
                err = eb_pin_timeline(eb, child, throttle);
                if (err)
                        goto unwind;
                ++i;
        }
        err = eb_pin_timeline(eb, ce, throttle);
        if (err)
                goto unwind;

        eb->args->flags |= __EXEC_ENGINE_PINNED;
        return 0;

unwind:
        for_each_child(ce, child) {
                if (j++ < i) {
                        mutex_lock(&child->timeline->mutex);
                        intel_context_exit(child);
                        mutex_unlock(&child->timeline->mutex);
                }
        }
        for_each_child(ce, child)
                intel_context_unpin(child);
        intel_context_unpin(ce);
        return err;
}

static void eb_unpin_engine(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        struct intel_context *ce = eb->context, *child;

        if (!(eb->args->flags & __EXEC_ENGINE_PINNED))
                return;

        eb->args->flags &= ~__EXEC_ENGINE_PINNED;

        for_each_child(ce, child) {
                mutex_lock(&child->timeline->mutex);
                intel_context_exit(child);
                mutex_unlock(&child->timeline->mutex);

                intel_context_unpin(child);
        }

        mutex_lock(&ce->timeline->mutex);
        intel_context_exit(ce);
        mutex_unlock(&ce->timeline->mutex);

        intel_context_unpin(ce);
}

static unsigned int
eb_select_legacy_ring(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        struct drm_i915_private *i915 = eb->i915;
        struct drm_i915_gem_execbuffer2 *args = eb->args;
        unsigned int user_ring_id = args->flags & I915_EXEC_RING_MASK;

        if (user_ring_id != I915_EXEC_BSD &&
            (args->flags & I915_EXEC_BSD_MASK)) {
                drm_dbg(&i915->drm,
                        "execbuf with non bsd ring but with invalid "
                        "bsd dispatch flags: %d\n", (int)(args->flags));
                return -1;
        }

        if (user_ring_id == I915_EXEC_BSD && num_vcs_engines(i915) > 1) {
                unsigned int bsd_idx = args->flags & I915_EXEC_BSD_MASK;

                if (bsd_idx == I915_EXEC_BSD_DEFAULT) {
                        bsd_idx = gen8_dispatch_bsd_engine(i915, eb->file);
                } else if (bsd_idx >= I915_EXEC_BSD_RING1 &&
                           bsd_idx <= I915_EXEC_BSD_RING2) {
                        bsd_idx >>= I915_EXEC_BSD_SHIFT;
                        bsd_idx--;
                } else {
                        drm_dbg(&i915->drm,
                                "execbuf with unknown bsd ring: %u\n",
                                bsd_idx);
                        return -1;
                }

                return _VCS(bsd_idx);
        }

        if (user_ring_id >= ARRAY_SIZE(user_ring_map)) {
                drm_dbg(&i915->drm, "execbuf with unknown ring: %u\n",
                        user_ring_id);
                return -1;
        }

        return user_ring_map[user_ring_id];
}

static int
eb_select_engine(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        struct intel_context *ce, *child;
        unsigned int idx;
        int err;

        if (i915_gem_context_user_engines(eb->gem_context))
                idx = eb->args->flags & I915_EXEC_RING_MASK;
        else
                idx = eb_select_legacy_ring(eb);

        ce = i915_gem_context_get_engine(eb->gem_context, idx);
        if (IS_ERR(ce))
                return PTR_ERR(ce);

        if (intel_context_is_parallel(ce)) {
                if (eb->buffer_count < ce->parallel.number_children + 1) {
                        intel_context_put(ce);
                        return -EINVAL;
                }
                if (eb->batch_start_offset || eb->args->batch_len) {
                        intel_context_put(ce);
                        return -EINVAL;
                }
        }
        eb->num_batches = ce->parallel.number_children + 1;

        for_each_child(ce, child)
                intel_context_get(child);
        intel_gt_pm_get(ce->engine->gt);

        if (!test_bit(CONTEXT_ALLOC_BIT, &ce->flags)) {
                err = intel_context_alloc_state(ce);
                if (err)
                        goto err;
        }
        for_each_child(ce, child) {
                if (!test_bit(CONTEXT_ALLOC_BIT, &child->flags)) {
                        err = intel_context_alloc_state(child);
                        if (err)
                                goto err;
                }
        }

        /*
         * ABI: Before userspace accesses the GPU (e.g. execbuffer), report
         * EIO if the GPU is already wedged.
         */
        err = intel_gt_terminally_wedged(ce->engine->gt);
        if (err)
                goto err;

        if (!i915_vm_tryget(ce->vm)) {
                err = -ENOENT;
                goto err;
        }

        eb->context = ce;
        eb->gt = ce->engine->gt;

        /*
         * Make sure engine pool stays alive even if we call intel_context_put
         * during ww handling. The pool is destroyed when last pm reference
         * is dropped, which breaks our -EDEADLK handling.
         */
        return err;

err:
        intel_gt_pm_put(ce->engine->gt);
        for_each_child(ce, child)
                intel_context_put(child);
        intel_context_put(ce);
        return err;
}

static void
eb_put_engine(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        struct intel_context *child;

        i915_vm_put(eb->context->vm);
        intel_gt_pm_put(eb->gt);
        for_each_child(eb->context, child)
                intel_context_put(child);
        intel_context_put(eb->context);
}

static void
__free_fence_array(struct eb_fence *fences, unsigned int n)
{
        while (n--) {
                drm_syncobj_put(ptr_mask_bits(fences[n].syncobj, 2));
                dma_fence_put(fences[n].dma_fence);
                dma_fence_chain_free(fences[n].chain_fence);
        }
        kvfree(fences);
}

static int
add_timeline_fence_array(struct i915_execbuffer *eb,
                         const struct drm_i915_gem_execbuffer_ext_timeline_fences *timeline_fences)
{
        struct drm_i915_gem_exec_fence __user *user_fences;
        u64 __user *user_values;
        struct eb_fence *f;
        u64 nfences;
        int err = 0;

        nfences = timeline_fences->fence_count;
        if (!nfences)
                return 0;

        /* Check multiplication overflow for access_ok() and kvmalloc_array() */
        BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(size_t) > sizeof(unsigned long));
        if (nfences > min_t(unsigned long,
                            ULONG_MAX / sizeof(*user_fences),
                            SIZE_MAX / sizeof(*f)) - eb->num_fences)
                return -EINVAL;

        user_fences = u64_to_user_ptr(timeline_fences->handles_ptr);
        if (!access_ok(user_fences, nfences * sizeof(*user_fences)))
                return -EFAULT;

        user_values = u64_to_user_ptr(timeline_fences->values_ptr);
        if (!access_ok(user_values, nfences * sizeof(*user_values)))
                return -EFAULT;

        f = krealloc(eb->fences,
                     (eb->num_fences + nfences) * sizeof(*f),
                     __GFP_NOWARN | GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!f)
                return -ENOMEM;

        eb->fences = f;
        f += eb->num_fences;

        BUILD_BUG_ON(~(ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN - 1) &
                     ~__I915_EXEC_FENCE_UNKNOWN_FLAGS);

        while (nfences--) {
                struct drm_i915_gem_exec_fence user_fence;
                struct drm_syncobj *syncobj;
                struct dma_fence *fence = NULL;
                u64 point;

                if (__copy_from_user(&user_fence,
                                     user_fences++,
                                     sizeof(user_fence)))
                        return -EFAULT;

                if (user_fence.flags & __I915_EXEC_FENCE_UNKNOWN_FLAGS)
                        return -EINVAL;

                if (__get_user(point, user_values++))
                        return -EFAULT;

                syncobj = drm_syncobj_find(eb->file, user_fence.handle);
                if (!syncobj) {
                        DRM_DEBUG("Invalid syncobj handle provided\n");
                        return -ENOENT;
                }

                fence = drm_syncobj_fence_get(syncobj);

                if (!fence && user_fence.flags &&
                    !(user_fence.flags & I915_EXEC_FENCE_SIGNAL)) {
                        DRM_DEBUG("Syncobj handle has no fence\n");
                        drm_syncobj_put(syncobj);
                        return -EINVAL;
                }

                if (fence)
                        err = dma_fence_chain_find_seqno(&fence, point);

                if (err && !(user_fence.flags & I915_EXEC_FENCE_SIGNAL)) {
                        DRM_DEBUG("Syncobj handle missing requested point %llu\n", point);
                        dma_fence_put(fence);
                        drm_syncobj_put(syncobj);
                        return err;
                }

                /*
                 * A point might have been signaled already and
                 * garbage collected from the timeline. In this case
                 * just ignore the point and carry on.
                 */
                if (!fence && !(user_fence.flags & I915_EXEC_FENCE_SIGNAL)) {
                        drm_syncobj_put(syncobj);
                        continue;
                }

                /*
                 * For timeline syncobjs we need to preallocate chains for
                 * later signaling.
                 */
                if (point != 0 && user_fence.flags & I915_EXEC_FENCE_SIGNAL) {
                        /*
                         * Waiting and signaling the same point (when point !=
                         * 0) would break the timeline.
                         */
                        if (user_fence.flags & I915_EXEC_FENCE_WAIT) {
                                DRM_DEBUG("Trying to wait & signal the same timeline point.\n");
                                dma_fence_put(fence);
                                drm_syncobj_put(syncobj);
                                return -EINVAL;
                        }

                        f->chain_fence = dma_fence_chain_alloc();
                        if (!f->chain_fence) {
                                drm_syncobj_put(syncobj);
                                dma_fence_put(fence);
                                return -ENOMEM;
                        }
                } else {
                        f->chain_fence = NULL;
                }

                f->syncobj = ptr_pack_bits(syncobj, user_fence.flags, 2);
                f->dma_fence = fence;
                f->value = point;
                f++;
                eb->num_fences++;
        }

        return 0;
}

static int add_fence_array(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        struct drm_i915_gem_execbuffer2 *args = eb->args;
        struct drm_i915_gem_exec_fence __user *user;
        unsigned long num_fences = args->num_cliprects;
        struct eb_fence *f;

        if (!(args->flags & I915_EXEC_FENCE_ARRAY))
                return 0;

        if (!num_fences)
                return 0;

        /* Check multiplication overflow for access_ok() and kvmalloc_array() */
        BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(size_t) > sizeof(unsigned long));
        if (num_fences > min_t(unsigned long,
                               ULONG_MAX / sizeof(*user),
                               SIZE_MAX / sizeof(*f) - eb->num_fences))
                return -EINVAL;

        user = u64_to_user_ptr(args->cliprects_ptr);
        if (!access_ok(user, num_fences * sizeof(*user)))
                return -EFAULT;

        f = krealloc(eb->fences,
                     (eb->num_fences + num_fences) * sizeof(*f),
                     __GFP_NOWARN | GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!f)
                return -ENOMEM;

        eb->fences = f;
        f += eb->num_fences;
        while (num_fences--) {
                struct drm_i915_gem_exec_fence user_fence;
                struct drm_syncobj *syncobj;
                struct dma_fence *fence = NULL;

                if (__copy_from_user(&user_fence, user++, sizeof(user_fence)))
                        return -EFAULT;

                if (user_fence.flags & __I915_EXEC_FENCE_UNKNOWN_FLAGS)
                        return -EINVAL;

                syncobj = drm_syncobj_find(eb->file, user_fence.handle);
                if (!syncobj) {
                        DRM_DEBUG("Invalid syncobj handle provided\n");
                        return -ENOENT;
                }

                if (user_fence.flags & I915_EXEC_FENCE_WAIT) {
                        fence = drm_syncobj_fence_get(syncobj);
                        if (!fence) {
                                DRM_DEBUG("Syncobj handle has no fence\n");
                                drm_syncobj_put(syncobj);
                                return -EINVAL;
                        }
                }

                BUILD_BUG_ON(~(ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN - 1) &
                             ~__I915_EXEC_FENCE_UNKNOWN_FLAGS);

                f->syncobj = ptr_pack_bits(syncobj, user_fence.flags, 2);
                f->dma_fence = fence;
                f->value = 0;
                f->chain_fence = NULL;
                f++;
                eb->num_fences++;
        }

        return 0;
}

static void put_fence_array(struct eb_fence *fences, int num_fences)
{
        if (fences)
                __free_fence_array(fences, num_fences);
}

static int
await_fence_array(struct i915_execbuffer *eb,
                  struct i915_request *rq)
{
        unsigned int n;
        int err;

        for (n = 0; n < eb->num_fences; n++) {
                struct drm_syncobj *syncobj;
                unsigned int flags;

                syncobj = ptr_unpack_bits(eb->fences[n].syncobj, &flags, 2);

                if (!eb->fences[n].dma_fence)
                        continue;

                err = i915_request_await_dma_fence(rq, eb->fences[n].dma_fence);
                if (err < 0)
                        return err;
        }

        return 0;
}

static void signal_fence_array(const struct i915_execbuffer *eb,
                               struct dma_fence * const fence)
{
        unsigned int n;

        for (n = 0; n < eb->num_fences; n++) {
                struct drm_syncobj *syncobj;
                unsigned int flags;

                syncobj = ptr_unpack_bits(eb->fences[n].syncobj, &flags, 2);
                if (!(flags & I915_EXEC_FENCE_SIGNAL))
                        continue;

                if (eb->fences[n].chain_fence) {
                        drm_syncobj_add_point(syncobj,
                                              eb->fences[n].chain_fence,
                                              fence,
                                              eb->fences[n].value);
                        /*
                         * The chain's ownership is transferred to the
                         * timeline.
                         */
                        eb->fences[n].chain_fence = NULL;
                } else {
                        drm_syncobj_replace_fence(syncobj, fence);
                }
        }
}

static int
parse_timeline_fences(struct i915_user_extension __user *ext, void *data)
{
        struct i915_execbuffer *eb = data;
        struct drm_i915_gem_execbuffer_ext_timeline_fences timeline_fences;

        if (copy_from_user(&timeline_fences, ext, sizeof(timeline_fences)))
                return -EFAULT;

        return add_timeline_fence_array(eb, &timeline_fences);
}

static void retire_requests(struct intel_timeline *tl, struct i915_request *end)
{
        struct i915_request *rq, *rn;

        list_for_each_entry_safe(rq, rn, &tl->requests, link)
                if (rq == end || !i915_request_retire(rq))
                        break;
}

static int eb_request_add(struct i915_execbuffer *eb, struct i915_request *rq,
                          int err, bool last_parallel)
{
        struct intel_timeline * const tl = i915_request_timeline(rq);
        struct i915_sched_attr attr = {};
        struct i915_request *prev;

        lockdep_assert_held(&tl->mutex);
        lockdep_unpin_lock(&tl->mutex, rq->cookie);

        trace_i915_request_add(rq);

        prev = __i915_request_commit(rq);

        /* Check that the context wasn't destroyed before submission */
        if (likely(!intel_context_is_closed(eb->context))) {
                attr = eb->gem_context->sched;
        } else {
                /* Serialise with context_close via the add_to_timeline */
                i915_request_set_error_once(rq, -ENOENT);
                __i915_request_skip(rq);
                err = -ENOENT; /* override any transient errors */
        }

        if (intel_context_is_parallel(eb->context)) {
                if (err) {
                        __i915_request_skip(rq);
                        set_bit(I915_FENCE_FLAG_SKIP_PARALLEL,
                                &rq->fence.flags);
                }
                if (last_parallel)
                        set_bit(I915_FENCE_FLAG_SUBMIT_PARALLEL,
                                &rq->fence.flags);
        }

        __i915_request_queue(rq, &attr);

        /* Try to clean up the client's timeline after submitting the request */
        if (prev)
                retire_requests(tl, prev);

        mutex_unlock(&tl->mutex);

        return err;
}

static int eb_requests_add(struct i915_execbuffer *eb, int err)
{
        int i;

        /*
         * We iterate in reverse order of creation to release timeline mutexes in
         * same order.
         */
        for_each_batch_add_order(eb, i) {
                struct i915_request *rq = eb->requests[i];

                if (!rq)
                        continue;
                err |= eb_request_add(eb, rq, err, i == 0);
        }

        return err;
}

static const i915_user_extension_fn execbuf_extensions[] = {
        [DRM_I915_GEM_EXECBUFFER_EXT_TIMELINE_FENCES] = parse_timeline_fences,
};

static int
parse_execbuf2_extensions(struct drm_i915_gem_execbuffer2 *args,
                          struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        if (!(args->flags & I915_EXEC_USE_EXTENSIONS))
                return 0;

        /* The execbuf2 extension mechanism reuses cliprects_ptr. So we cannot
         * have another flag also using it at the same time.
         */
        if (eb->args->flags & I915_EXEC_FENCE_ARRAY)
                return -EINVAL;

        if (args->num_cliprects != 0)
                return -EINVAL;

        return i915_user_extensions(u64_to_user_ptr(args->cliprects_ptr),
                                    execbuf_extensions,
                                    ARRAY_SIZE(execbuf_extensions),
                                    eb);
}

static void eb_requests_get(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        unsigned int i;

        for_each_batch_create_order(eb, i) {
                if (!eb->requests[i])
                        break;

                i915_request_get(eb->requests[i]);
        }
}

static void eb_requests_put(struct i915_execbuffer *eb)
{
        unsigned int i;

        for_each_batch_create_order(eb, i) {
                if (!eb->requests[i])
                        break;

                i915_request_put(eb->requests[i]);
        }
}

static struct sync_file *
eb_composite_fence_create(struct i915_execbuffer *eb, int out_fence_fd)
{
        struct sync_file *out_fence = NULL;
        struct dma_fence_array *fence_array;
        struct dma_fence **fences;
        unsigned int i;

        GEM_BUG_ON(!intel_context_is_parent(eb->context));

        fences = kmalloc_array(eb->num_batches, sizeof(*fences), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!fences)
                return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);

        for_each_batch_create_order(eb, i) {
                fences[i] = &eb->requests[i]->fence;
                __set_bit(I915_FENCE_FLAG_COMPOSITE,
                          &eb->requests[i]->fence.flags);
        }

        fence_array = dma_fence_array_create(eb->num_batches,
                                             fences,
                                             eb->context->parallel.fence_context,
                                             eb->context->parallel.seqno++,
                                             false);
        if (!fence_array) {
                kfree(fences);
                return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
        }

        /* Move ownership to the dma_fence_array created above */
        for_each_batch_create_order(eb, i)
                dma_fence_get(fences[i]);

        if (out_fence_fd != -1) {
                out_fence = sync_file_create(&fence_array->base);
                /* sync_file now owns fence_arry, drop creation ref */
                dma_fence_put(&fence_array->base);
                if (!out_fence)
                        return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
        }

        eb->composite_fence = &fence_array->base;

        return out_fence;
}

static struct sync_file *
eb_fences_add(struct i915_execbuffer *eb, struct i915_request *rq,
              struct dma_fence *in_fence, int out_fence_fd)
{
        struct sync_file *out_fence = NULL;
        int err;

        if (unlikely(eb->gem_context->syncobj)) {
                struct dma_fence *fence;

                fence = drm_syncobj_fence_get(eb->gem_context->syncobj);
                err = i915_request_await_dma_fence(rq, fence);
                dma_fence_put(fence);
                if (err)
                        return ERR_PTR(err);
        }

        if (in_fence) {
                if (eb->args->flags & I915_EXEC_FENCE_SUBMIT)
                        err = i915_request_await_execution(rq, in_fence);
                else
                        err = i915_request_await_dma_fence(rq, in_fence);
                if (err < 0)
                        return ERR_PTR(err);
        }

        if (eb->fences) {
                err = await_fence_array(eb, rq);
                if (err)
                        return ERR_PTR(err);
        }

        if (intel_context_is_parallel(eb->context)) {
                out_fence = eb_composite_fence_create(eb, out_fence_fd);
                if (IS_ERR(out_fence))
                        return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
        } else if (out_fence_fd != -1) {
                out_fence = sync_file_create(&rq->fence);
                if (!out_fence)
                        return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
        }

        return out_fence;
}

static struct intel_context *
eb_find_context(struct i915_execbuffer *eb, unsigned int context_number)
{
        struct intel_context *child;

        if (likely(context_number == 0))
                return eb->context;

        for_each_child(eb->context, child)
                if (!--context_number)
                        return child;

        GEM_BUG_ON("Context not found");

        return NULL;
}

static struct sync_file *
eb_requests_create(struct i915_execbuffer *eb, struct dma_fence *in_fence,
                   int out_fence_fd)
{
        struct sync_file *out_fence = NULL;
        unsigned int i;

        for_each_batch_create_order(eb, i) {
                /* Allocate a request for this batch buffer nice and early. */
                eb->requests[i] = i915_request_create(eb_find_context(eb, i));
                if (IS_ERR(eb->requests[i])) {
                        out_fence = ERR_CAST(eb->requests[i]);
                        eb->requests[i] = NULL;
                        return out_fence;
                }

                /*
                 * Only the first request added (committed to backend) has to
                 * take the in fences into account as all subsequent requests
                 * will have fences inserted inbetween them.
                 */
                if (i + 1 == eb->num_batches) {
                        out_fence = eb_fences_add(eb, eb->requests[i],
                                                  in_fence, out_fence_fd);
                        if (IS_ERR(out_fence))
                                return out_fence;
                }

                /*
                 * Not really on stack, but we don't want to call
                 * kfree on the batch_snapshot when we put it, so use the
                 * _onstack interface.
                 */
                if (eb->batches[i]->vma)
                        eb->requests[i]->batch_res =
                                i915_vma_resource_get(eb->batches[i]->vma->resource);
                if (eb->batch_pool) {
                        GEM_BUG_ON(intel_context_is_parallel(eb->context));
                        intel_gt_buffer_pool_mark_active(eb->batch_pool,
                                                         eb->requests[i]);
                }
        }

        return out_fence;
}

static int
i915_gem_do_execbuffer(struct drm_device *dev,
                       struct drm_file *file,
                       struct drm_i915_gem_execbuffer2 *args,
                       struct drm_i915_gem_exec_object2 *exec)
{
        struct drm_i915_private *i915 = to_i915(dev);
        struct i915_execbuffer eb;
        struct dma_fence *in_fence = NULL;
        struct sync_file *out_fence = NULL;
        int out_fence_fd = -1;
        int err;

        BUILD_BUG_ON(__EXEC_INTERNAL_FLAGS & ~__I915_EXEC_ILLEGAL_FLAGS);
        BUILD_BUG_ON(__EXEC_OBJECT_INTERNAL_FLAGS &
                     ~__EXEC_OBJECT_UNKNOWN_FLAGS);

        eb.i915 = i915;
        eb.file = file;
        eb.args = args;
        if (DBG_FORCE_RELOC || !(args->flags & I915_EXEC_NO_RELOC))
                args->flags |= __EXEC_HAS_RELOC;

        eb.exec = exec;
        eb.vma = (struct eb_vma *)(exec + args->buffer_count + 1);
        eb.vma[0].vma = NULL;
        eb.batch_pool = NULL;

        eb.invalid_flags = __EXEC_OBJECT_UNKNOWN_FLAGS;
        reloc_cache_init(&eb.reloc_cache, eb.i915);

        eb.buffer_count = args->buffer_count;
        eb.batch_start_offset = args->batch_start_offset;
        eb.trampoline = NULL;

        eb.fences = NULL;
        eb.num_fences = 0;

        eb_capture_list_clear(&eb);

        memset(eb.requests, 0, sizeof(struct i915_request *) *
               ARRAY_SIZE(eb.requests));
        eb.composite_fence = NULL;

        eb.batch_flags = 0;
        if (args->flags & I915_EXEC_SECURE) {
                if (GRAPHICS_VER(i915) >= 11)
                        return -ENODEV;

                /* Return -EPERM to trigger fallback code on old binaries. */
                if (!HAS_SECURE_BATCHES(i915))
                        return -EPERM;

                if (!drm_is_current_master(file) || !capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
                        return -EPERM;

                eb.batch_flags |= I915_DISPATCH_SECURE;
        }
        if (args->flags & I915_EXEC_IS_PINNED)
                eb.batch_flags |= I915_DISPATCH_PINNED;

        err = parse_execbuf2_extensions(args, &eb);
        if (err)
                goto err_ext;

        err = add_fence_array(&eb);
        if (err)
                goto err_ext;

#define IN_FENCES (I915_EXEC_FENCE_IN | I915_EXEC_FENCE_SUBMIT)
        if (args->flags & IN_FENCES) {
                if ((args->flags & IN_FENCES) == IN_FENCES)
                        return -EINVAL;

                in_fence = sync_file_get_fence(lower_32_bits(args->rsvd2));
                if (!in_fence) {
                        err = -EINVAL;
                        goto err_ext;
                }
        }
#undef IN_FENCES

        if (args->flags & I915_EXEC_FENCE_OUT) {
                out_fence_fd = get_unused_fd_flags(O_CLOEXEC);
                if (out_fence_fd < 0) {
                        err = out_fence_fd;
                        goto err_in_fence;
                }
        }

        err = eb_create(&eb);
        if (err)
                goto err_out_fence;

        GEM_BUG_ON(!eb.lut_size);

        err = eb_select_context(&eb);
        if (unlikely(err))
                goto err_destroy;

        err = eb_select_engine(&eb);
        if (unlikely(err))
                goto err_context;

        err = eb_lookup_vmas(&eb);
        if (err) {
                eb_release_vmas(&eb, true);
                goto err_engine;
        }

        i915_gem_ww_ctx_init(&eb.ww, true);

        err = eb_relocate_parse(&eb);
        if (err) {
                /*
                 * If the user expects the execobject.offset and
                 * reloc.presumed_offset to be an exact match,
                 * as for using NO_RELOC, then we cannot update
                 * the execobject.offset until we have completed
                 * relocation.
                 */
                args->flags &= ~__EXEC_HAS_RELOC;
                goto err_vma;
        }

        ww_acquire_done(&eb.ww.ctx);
        eb_capture_stage(&eb);

        out_fence = eb_requests_create(&eb, in_fence, out_fence_fd);
        if (IS_ERR(out_fence)) {
                err = PTR_ERR(out_fence);
                out_fence = NULL;
                if (eb.requests[0])
                        goto err_request;
                else
                        goto err_vma;
        }

        err = eb_submit(&eb);

err_request:
        eb_requests_get(&eb);
        err = eb_requests_add(&eb, err);

        if (eb.fences)
                signal_fence_array(&eb, eb.composite_fence ?
                                   eb.composite_fence :
                                   &eb.requests[0]->fence);

        if (out_fence) {
                if (err == 0) {
                        fd_install(out_fence_fd, out_fence->file);
                        args->rsvd2 &= GENMASK_ULL(31, 0); /* keep in-fence */
                        args->rsvd2 |= (u64)out_fence_fd << 32;
                        out_fence_fd = -1;
                } else {
                        fput(out_fence->file);
                }
        }

        if (unlikely(eb.gem_context->syncobj)) {
                drm_syncobj_replace_fence(eb.gem_context->syncobj,
                                          eb.composite_fence ?
                                          eb.composite_fence :
                                          &eb.requests[0]->fence);
        }

        if (!out_fence && eb.composite_fence)
                dma_fence_put(eb.composite_fence);

        eb_requests_put(&eb);

err_vma:
        eb_release_vmas(&eb, true);
        WARN_ON(err == -EDEADLK);
        i915_gem_ww_ctx_fini(&eb.ww);

        if (eb.batch_pool)
                intel_gt_buffer_pool_put(eb.batch_pool);
err_engine:
        eb_put_engine(&eb);
err_context:
        i915_gem_context_put(eb.gem_context);
err_destroy:
        eb_destroy(&eb);
err_out_fence:
        if (out_fence_fd != -1)
                put_unused_fd(out_fence_fd);
err_in_fence:
        dma_fence_put(in_fence);
err_ext:
        put_fence_array(eb.fences, eb.num_fences);
        return err;
}

static size_t eb_element_size(void)
{
        return sizeof(struct drm_i915_gem_exec_object2) + sizeof(struct eb_vma);
}

static bool check_buffer_count(size_t count)
{
        const size_t sz = eb_element_size();

        /*
         * When using LUT_HANDLE, we impose a limit of INT_MAX for the lookup
         * array size (see eb_create()). Otherwise, we can accept an array as
         * large as can be addressed (though use large arrays at your peril)!
         */

        return !(count < 1 || count > INT_MAX || count > SIZE_MAX / sz - 1);
}

int
i915_gem_execbuffer2_ioctl(struct drm_device *dev, void *data,
                           struct drm_file *file)
{
        struct drm_i915_private *i915 = to_i915(dev);
        struct drm_i915_gem_execbuffer2 *args = data;
        struct drm_i915_gem_exec_object2 *exec2_list;
        const size_t count = args->buffer_count;
        int err;

        if (!check_buffer_count(count)) {
                drm_dbg(&i915->drm, "execbuf2 with %zd buffers\n", count);
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        err = i915_gem_check_execbuffer(args);
        if (err)
                return err;

        /* Allocate extra slots for use by the command parser */
        exec2_list = kvmalloc_array(count + 2, eb_element_size(),
                                    __GFP_NOWARN | GFP_KERNEL);
        if (exec2_list == NULL) {
                drm_dbg(&i915->drm, "Failed to allocate exec list for %zd buffers\n",
                        count);
                return -ENOMEM;
        }
        if (copy_from_user(exec2_list,
                           u64_to_user_ptr(args->buffers_ptr),
                           sizeof(*exec2_list) * count)) {
                drm_dbg(&i915->drm, "copy %zd exec entries failed\n", count);
                kvfree(exec2_list);
                return -EFAULT;
        }

        err = i915_gem_do_execbuffer(dev, file, args, exec2_list);

        /*
         * Now that we have begun execution of the batchbuffer, we ignore
         * any new error after this point. Also given that we have already
         * updated the associated relocations, we try to write out the current
         * object locations irrespective of any error.
         */
        if (args->flags & __EXEC_HAS_RELOC) {
                struct drm_i915_gem_exec_object2 __user *user_exec_list =
                        u64_to_user_ptr(args->buffers_ptr);
                unsigned int i;

                /* Copy the new buffer offsets back to the user's exec list. */
                /*
                 * Note: count * sizeof(*user_exec_list) does not overflow,
                 * because we checked 'count' in check_buffer_count().
                 *
                 * And this range already got effectively checked earlier
                 * when we did the "copy_from_user()" above.
                 */
                if (!user_write_access_begin(user_exec_list,
                                             count * sizeof(*user_exec_list)))
                        goto end;

                for (i = 0; i < args->buffer_count; i++) {
                        if (!(exec2_list[i].offset & UPDATE))
                                continue;

                        exec2_list[i].offset =
                                gen8_canonical_addr(exec2_list[i].offset & PIN_OFFSET_MASK);
                        unsafe_put_user(exec2_list[i].offset,
                                        &user_exec_list[i].offset,
                                        end_user);
                }
end_user:
                user_write_access_end();
end:;
        }

        args->flags &= ~__I915_EXEC_UNKNOWN_FLAGS;
        kvfree(exec2_list);
        return err;
}