2 * Helper functions used by the EFI stub on multiple
3 * architectures. This should be #included by the EFI stub
4 * implementation files.
6 * Copyright 2011 Intel Corporation; author Matt Fleming
8 * This file is part of the Linux kernel, and is made available
9 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2.
13 #include <linux/efi.h>
19 * Some firmware implementations have problems reading files in one go.
20 * A read chunk size of 1MB seems to work for most platforms.
22 * Unfortunately, reading files in chunks triggers *other* bugs on some
23 * platforms, so we provide a way to disable this workaround, which can
24 * be done by passing "efi=nochunk" on the EFI boot stub command line.
26 * If you experience issues with initrd images being corrupt it's worth
27 * trying efi=nochunk, but chunking is enabled by default because there
28 * are far more machines that require the workaround than those that
29 * break with it enabled.
31 #define EFI_READ_CHUNK_SIZE (1024 * 1024)
33 static unsigned long __chunk_size = EFI_READ_CHUNK_SIZE;
36 * Allow the platform to override the allocation granularity: this allows
37 * systems that have the capability to run with a larger page size to deal
38 * with the allocations for initrd and fdt more efficiently.
40 #ifndef EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN
41 #define EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN EFI_PAGE_SIZE
45 efi_file_handle_t *handle;
49 void efi_printk(efi_system_table_t *sys_table_arg, char *str)
53 for (s8 = str; *s8; s8++) {
54 efi_char16_t ch[2] = { 0 };
58 efi_char16_t nl[2] = { '\r', 0 };
59 efi_char16_printk(sys_table_arg, nl);
62 efi_char16_printk(sys_table_arg, ch);
66 efi_status_t efi_get_memory_map(efi_system_table_t *sys_table_arg,
67 efi_memory_desc_t **map,
68 unsigned long *map_size,
69 unsigned long *desc_size,
71 unsigned long *key_ptr)
73 efi_memory_desc_t *m = NULL;
78 *map_size = sizeof(*m) * 32;
81 * Add an additional efi_memory_desc_t because we're doing an
82 * allocation which may be in a new descriptor region.
84 *map_size += sizeof(*m);
85 status = efi_call_early(allocate_pool, EFI_LOADER_DATA,
86 *map_size, (void **)&m);
87 if (status != EFI_SUCCESS)
92 status = efi_call_early(get_memory_map, map_size, m,
93 &key, desc_size, &desc_version);
94 if (status == EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL) {
95 efi_call_early(free_pool, m);
99 if (status != EFI_SUCCESS)
100 efi_call_early(free_pool, m);
102 if (key_ptr && status == EFI_SUCCESS)
104 if (desc_ver && status == EFI_SUCCESS)
105 *desc_ver = desc_version;
113 unsigned long get_dram_base(efi_system_table_t *sys_table_arg)
116 unsigned long map_size;
117 unsigned long membase = EFI_ERROR;
118 struct efi_memory_map map;
119 efi_memory_desc_t *md;
121 status = efi_get_memory_map(sys_table_arg, (efi_memory_desc_t **)&map.map,
122 &map_size, &map.desc_size, NULL, NULL);
123 if (status != EFI_SUCCESS)
126 map.map_end = map.map + map_size;
128 for_each_efi_memory_desc_in_map(&map, md) {
129 if (md->attribute & EFI_MEMORY_WB) {
130 if (membase > md->phys_addr)
131 membase = md->phys_addr;
135 efi_call_early(free_pool, map.map);
141 * Allocate at the highest possible address that is not above 'max'.
143 efi_status_t efi_high_alloc(efi_system_table_t *sys_table_arg,
144 unsigned long size, unsigned long align,
145 unsigned long *addr, unsigned long max)
147 unsigned long map_size, desc_size;
148 efi_memory_desc_t *map;
150 unsigned long nr_pages;
154 status = efi_get_memory_map(sys_table_arg, &map, &map_size, &desc_size,
156 if (status != EFI_SUCCESS)
160 * Enforce minimum alignment that EFI requires when requesting
161 * a specific address. We are doing page-based allocations,
162 * so we must be aligned to a page.
164 if (align < EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN)
165 align = EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN;
167 nr_pages = round_up(size, EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN) / EFI_PAGE_SIZE;
169 for (i = 0; i < map_size / desc_size; i++) {
170 efi_memory_desc_t *desc;
171 unsigned long m = (unsigned long)map;
174 desc = (efi_memory_desc_t *)(m + (i * desc_size));
175 if (desc->type != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY)
178 if (desc->num_pages < nr_pages)
181 start = desc->phys_addr;
182 end = start + desc->num_pages * (1UL << EFI_PAGE_SHIFT);
187 if ((start + size) > end)
190 if (round_down(end - size, align) < start)
193 start = round_down(end - size, align);
196 * Don't allocate at 0x0. It will confuse code that
197 * checks pointers against NULL.
202 if (start > max_addr)
207 status = EFI_NOT_FOUND;
209 status = efi_call_early(allocate_pages,
210 EFI_ALLOCATE_ADDRESS, EFI_LOADER_DATA,
211 nr_pages, &max_addr);
212 if (status != EFI_SUCCESS) {
221 efi_call_early(free_pool, map);
227 * Allocate at the lowest possible address.
229 efi_status_t efi_low_alloc(efi_system_table_t *sys_table_arg,
230 unsigned long size, unsigned long align,
233 unsigned long map_size, desc_size;
234 efi_memory_desc_t *map;
236 unsigned long nr_pages;
239 status = efi_get_memory_map(sys_table_arg, &map, &map_size, &desc_size,
241 if (status != EFI_SUCCESS)
245 * Enforce minimum alignment that EFI requires when requesting
246 * a specific address. We are doing page-based allocations,
247 * so we must be aligned to a page.
249 if (align < EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN)
250 align = EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN;
252 nr_pages = round_up(size, EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN) / EFI_PAGE_SIZE;
253 for (i = 0; i < map_size / desc_size; i++) {
254 efi_memory_desc_t *desc;
255 unsigned long m = (unsigned long)map;
258 desc = (efi_memory_desc_t *)(m + (i * desc_size));
260 if (desc->type != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY)
263 if (desc->num_pages < nr_pages)
266 start = desc->phys_addr;
267 end = start + desc->num_pages * (1UL << EFI_PAGE_SHIFT);
270 * Don't allocate at 0x0. It will confuse code that
271 * checks pointers against NULL. Skip the first 8
272 * bytes so we start at a nice even number.
277 start = round_up(start, align);
278 if ((start + size) > end)
281 status = efi_call_early(allocate_pages,
282 EFI_ALLOCATE_ADDRESS, EFI_LOADER_DATA,
284 if (status == EFI_SUCCESS) {
290 if (i == map_size / desc_size)
291 status = EFI_NOT_FOUND;
293 efi_call_early(free_pool, map);
298 void efi_free(efi_system_table_t *sys_table_arg, unsigned long size,
301 unsigned long nr_pages;
306 nr_pages = round_up(size, EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN) / EFI_PAGE_SIZE;
307 efi_call_early(free_pages, addr, nr_pages);
311 * Parse the ASCII string 'cmdline' for EFI options, denoted by the efi=
312 * option, e.g. efi=nochunk.
314 * It should be noted that efi= is parsed in two very different
315 * environments, first in the early boot environment of the EFI boot
316 * stub, and subsequently during the kernel boot.
318 efi_status_t efi_parse_options(char *cmdline)
323 * If no EFI parameters were specified on the cmdline we've got
326 str = strstr(cmdline, "efi=");
330 /* Skip ahead to first argument */
331 str += strlen("efi=");
334 * Remember, because efi= is also used by the kernel we need to
335 * skip over arguments we don't understand.
338 if (!strncmp(str, "nochunk", 7)) {
339 str += strlen("nochunk");
343 /* Group words together, delimited by "," */
344 while (*str && *str != ',')
355 * Check the cmdline for a LILO-style file= arguments.
357 * We only support loading a file from the same filesystem as
360 efi_status_t handle_cmdline_files(efi_system_table_t *sys_table_arg,
361 efi_loaded_image_t *image,
362 char *cmd_line, char *option_string,
363 unsigned long max_addr,
364 unsigned long *load_addr,
365 unsigned long *load_size)
367 struct file_info *files;
368 unsigned long file_addr;
370 efi_file_handle_t *fh = NULL;
381 j = 0; /* See close_handles */
383 if (!load_addr || !load_size)
384 return EFI_INVALID_PARAMETER;
392 for (nr_files = 0; *str; nr_files++) {
393 str = strstr(str, option_string);
397 str += strlen(option_string);
399 /* Skip any leading slashes */
400 while (*str == '/' || *str == '\\')
403 while (*str && *str != ' ' && *str != '\n')
410 status = efi_call_early(allocate_pool, EFI_LOADER_DATA,
411 nr_files * sizeof(*files), (void **)&files);
412 if (status != EFI_SUCCESS) {
413 pr_efi_err(sys_table_arg, "Failed to alloc mem for file handle list\n");
418 for (i = 0; i < nr_files; i++) {
419 struct file_info *file;
420 efi_char16_t filename_16[256];
423 str = strstr(str, option_string);
427 str += strlen(option_string);
432 /* Skip any leading slashes */
433 while (*str == '/' || *str == '\\')
436 while (*str && *str != ' ' && *str != '\n') {
437 if ((u8 *)p >= (u8 *)filename_16 + sizeof(filename_16))
450 /* Only open the volume once. */
452 status = efi_open_volume(sys_table_arg, image,
454 if (status != EFI_SUCCESS)
458 status = efi_file_size(sys_table_arg, fh, filename_16,
459 (void **)&file->handle, &file->size);
460 if (status != EFI_SUCCESS)
463 file_size_total += file->size;
466 if (file_size_total) {
470 * Multiple files need to be at consecutive addresses in memory,
471 * so allocate enough memory for all the files. This is used
472 * for loading multiple files.
474 status = efi_high_alloc(sys_table_arg, file_size_total, 0x1000,
475 &file_addr, max_addr);
476 if (status != EFI_SUCCESS) {
477 pr_efi_err(sys_table_arg, "Failed to alloc highmem for files\n");
481 /* We've run out of free low memory. */
482 if (file_addr > max_addr) {
483 pr_efi_err(sys_table_arg, "We've run out of free low memory\n");
484 status = EFI_INVALID_PARAMETER;
485 goto free_file_total;
489 for (j = 0; j < nr_files; j++) {
492 size = files[j].size;
494 unsigned long chunksize;
495 if (size > __chunk_size)
496 chunksize = __chunk_size;
500 status = efi_file_read(files[j].handle,
503 if (status != EFI_SUCCESS) {
504 pr_efi_err(sys_table_arg, "Failed to read file\n");
505 goto free_file_total;
511 efi_file_close(files[j].handle);
516 efi_call_early(free_pool, files);
518 *load_addr = file_addr;
519 *load_size = file_size_total;
524 efi_free(sys_table_arg, file_size_total, file_addr);
527 for (k = j; k < i; k++)
528 efi_file_close(files[k].handle);
530 efi_call_early(free_pool, files);
538 * Relocate a kernel image, either compressed or uncompressed.
539 * In the ARM64 case, all kernel images are currently
540 * uncompressed, and as such when we relocate it we need to
541 * allocate additional space for the BSS segment. Any low
542 * memory that this function should avoid needs to be
543 * unavailable in the EFI memory map, as if the preferred
544 * address is not available the lowest available address will
547 efi_status_t efi_relocate_kernel(efi_system_table_t *sys_table_arg,
548 unsigned long *image_addr,
549 unsigned long image_size,
550 unsigned long alloc_size,
551 unsigned long preferred_addr,
552 unsigned long alignment)
554 unsigned long cur_image_addr;
555 unsigned long new_addr = 0;
557 unsigned long nr_pages;
558 efi_physical_addr_t efi_addr = preferred_addr;
560 if (!image_addr || !image_size || !alloc_size)
561 return EFI_INVALID_PARAMETER;
562 if (alloc_size < image_size)
563 return EFI_INVALID_PARAMETER;
565 cur_image_addr = *image_addr;
568 * The EFI firmware loader could have placed the kernel image
569 * anywhere in memory, but the kernel has restrictions on the
570 * max physical address it can run at. Some architectures
571 * also have a prefered address, so first try to relocate
572 * to the preferred address. If that fails, allocate as low
573 * as possible while respecting the required alignment.
575 nr_pages = round_up(alloc_size, EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN) / EFI_PAGE_SIZE;
576 status = efi_call_early(allocate_pages,
577 EFI_ALLOCATE_ADDRESS, EFI_LOADER_DATA,
578 nr_pages, &efi_addr);
581 * If preferred address allocation failed allocate as low as
584 if (status != EFI_SUCCESS) {
585 status = efi_low_alloc(sys_table_arg, alloc_size, alignment,
588 if (status != EFI_SUCCESS) {
589 pr_efi_err(sys_table_arg, "Failed to allocate usable memory for kernel.\n");
594 * We know source/dest won't overlap since both memory ranges
595 * have been allocated by UEFI, so we can safely use memcpy.
597 memcpy((void *)new_addr, (void *)cur_image_addr, image_size);
599 /* Return the new address of the relocated image. */
600 *image_addr = new_addr;
606 * Get the number of UTF-8 bytes corresponding to an UTF-16 character.
607 * This overestimates for surrogates, but that is okay.
609 static int efi_utf8_bytes(u16 c)
611 return 1 + (c >= 0x80) + (c >= 0x800);
615 * Convert an UTF-16 string, not necessarily null terminated, to UTF-8.
617 static u8 *efi_utf16_to_utf8(u8 *dst, const u16 *src, int n)
623 if (n && c >= 0xd800 && c <= 0xdbff &&
624 *src >= 0xdc00 && *src <= 0xdfff) {
625 c = 0x10000 + ((c & 0x3ff) << 10) + (*src & 0x3ff);
629 if (c >= 0xd800 && c <= 0xdfff)
630 c = 0xfffd; /* Unmatched surrogate */
636 *dst++ = 0xc0 + (c >> 6);
640 *dst++ = 0xe0 + (c >> 12);
643 *dst++ = 0xf0 + (c >> 18);
644 *dst++ = 0x80 + ((c >> 12) & 0x3f);
646 *dst++ = 0x80 + ((c >> 6) & 0x3f);
648 *dst++ = 0x80 + (c & 0x3f);
654 #ifndef MAX_CMDLINE_ADDRESS
655 #define MAX_CMDLINE_ADDRESS ULONG_MAX
659 * Convert the unicode UEFI command line to ASCII to pass to kernel.
660 * Size of memory allocated return in *cmd_line_len.
661 * Returns NULL on error.
663 char *efi_convert_cmdline(efi_system_table_t *sys_table_arg,
664 efi_loaded_image_t *image,
669 unsigned long cmdline_addr = 0;
670 int load_options_chars = image->load_options_size / 2; /* UTF-16 */
671 const u16 *options = image->load_options;
672 int options_bytes = 0; /* UTF-8 bytes */
673 int options_chars = 0; /* UTF-16 chars */
679 while (*s2 && *s2 != '\n'
680 && options_chars < load_options_chars) {
681 options_bytes += efi_utf8_bytes(*s2++);
686 if (!options_chars) {
687 /* No command line options, so return empty string*/
691 options_bytes++; /* NUL termination */
693 status = efi_high_alloc(sys_table_arg, options_bytes, 0,
694 &cmdline_addr, MAX_CMDLINE_ADDRESS);
695 if (status != EFI_SUCCESS)
698 s1 = (u8 *)cmdline_addr;
699 s2 = (const u16 *)options;
701 s1 = efi_utf16_to_utf8(s1, s2, options_chars);
704 *cmd_line_len = options_bytes;
705 return (char *)cmdline_addr;