Merge tag 'configfs-for-5.4-2' of git://git.infradead.org/users/hch/configfs
[platform/kernel/linux-rpi.git] / drivers / cpufreq / arm_big_little.c
1 /*
2  * ARM big.LITTLE Platforms CPUFreq support
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2013 ARM Ltd.
5  * Sudeep KarkadaNagesha <sudeep.karkadanagesha@arm.com>
6  *
7  * Copyright (C) 2013 Linaro.
8  * Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
9  *
10  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
12  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
13  *
14  * This program is distributed "as is" WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY of any
15  * kind, whether express or implied; without even the implied warranty
16  * of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
17  * GNU General Public License for more details.
18  */
19
20 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
21
22 #include <linux/clk.h>
23 #include <linux/cpu.h>
24 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
25 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
26 #include <linux/cpu_cooling.h>
27 #include <linux/export.h>
28 #include <linux/module.h>
29 #include <linux/mutex.h>
30 #include <linux/of_platform.h>
31 #include <linux/pm_opp.h>
32 #include <linux/slab.h>
33 #include <linux/topology.h>
34 #include <linux/types.h>
35
36 #include "arm_big_little.h"
37
38 /* Currently we support only two clusters */
39 #define A15_CLUSTER     0
40 #define A7_CLUSTER      1
41 #define MAX_CLUSTERS    2
42
43 #ifdef CONFIG_BL_SWITCHER
44 #include <asm/bL_switcher.h>
45 static bool bL_switching_enabled;
46 #define is_bL_switching_enabled()       bL_switching_enabled
47 #define set_switching_enabled(x)        (bL_switching_enabled = (x))
48 #else
49 #define is_bL_switching_enabled()       false
50 #define set_switching_enabled(x)        do { } while (0)
51 #define bL_switch_request(...)          do { } while (0)
52 #define bL_switcher_put_enabled()       do { } while (0)
53 #define bL_switcher_get_enabled()       do { } while (0)
54 #endif
55
56 #define ACTUAL_FREQ(cluster, freq)  ((cluster == A7_CLUSTER) ? freq << 1 : freq)
57 #define VIRT_FREQ(cluster, freq)    ((cluster == A7_CLUSTER) ? freq >> 1 : freq)
58
59 static struct thermal_cooling_device *cdev[MAX_CLUSTERS];
60 static const struct cpufreq_arm_bL_ops *arm_bL_ops;
61 static struct clk *clk[MAX_CLUSTERS];
62 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table *freq_table[MAX_CLUSTERS + 1];
63 static atomic_t cluster_usage[MAX_CLUSTERS + 1];
64
65 static unsigned int clk_big_min;        /* (Big) clock frequencies */
66 static unsigned int clk_little_max;     /* Maximum clock frequency (Little) */
67
68 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned int, physical_cluster);
69 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned int, cpu_last_req_freq);
70
71 static struct mutex cluster_lock[MAX_CLUSTERS];
72
73 static inline int raw_cpu_to_cluster(int cpu)
74 {
75         return topology_physical_package_id(cpu);
76 }
77
78 static inline int cpu_to_cluster(int cpu)
79 {
80         return is_bL_switching_enabled() ?
81                 MAX_CLUSTERS : raw_cpu_to_cluster(cpu);
82 }
83
84 static unsigned int find_cluster_maxfreq(int cluster)
85 {
86         int j;
87         u32 max_freq = 0, cpu_freq;
88
89         for_each_online_cpu(j) {
90                 cpu_freq = per_cpu(cpu_last_req_freq, j);
91
92                 if ((cluster == per_cpu(physical_cluster, j)) &&
93                                 (max_freq < cpu_freq))
94                         max_freq = cpu_freq;
95         }
96
97         pr_debug("%s: cluster: %d, max freq: %d\n", __func__, cluster,
98                         max_freq);
99
100         return max_freq;
101 }
102
103 static unsigned int clk_get_cpu_rate(unsigned int cpu)
104 {
105         u32 cur_cluster = per_cpu(physical_cluster, cpu);
106         u32 rate = clk_get_rate(clk[cur_cluster]) / 1000;
107
108         /* For switcher we use virtual A7 clock rates */
109         if (is_bL_switching_enabled())
110                 rate = VIRT_FREQ(cur_cluster, rate);
111
112         pr_debug("%s: cpu: %d, cluster: %d, freq: %u\n", __func__, cpu,
113                         cur_cluster, rate);
114
115         return rate;
116 }
117
118 static unsigned int bL_cpufreq_get_rate(unsigned int cpu)
119 {
120         if (is_bL_switching_enabled()) {
121                 pr_debug("%s: freq: %d\n", __func__, per_cpu(cpu_last_req_freq,
122                                         cpu));
123
124                 return per_cpu(cpu_last_req_freq, cpu);
125         } else {
126                 return clk_get_cpu_rate(cpu);
127         }
128 }
129
130 static unsigned int
131 bL_cpufreq_set_rate(u32 cpu, u32 old_cluster, u32 new_cluster, u32 rate)
132 {
133         u32 new_rate, prev_rate;
134         int ret;
135         bool bLs = is_bL_switching_enabled();
136
137         mutex_lock(&cluster_lock[new_cluster]);
138
139         if (bLs) {
140                 prev_rate = per_cpu(cpu_last_req_freq, cpu);
141                 per_cpu(cpu_last_req_freq, cpu) = rate;
142                 per_cpu(physical_cluster, cpu) = new_cluster;
143
144                 new_rate = find_cluster_maxfreq(new_cluster);
145                 new_rate = ACTUAL_FREQ(new_cluster, new_rate);
146         } else {
147                 new_rate = rate;
148         }
149
150         pr_debug("%s: cpu: %d, old cluster: %d, new cluster: %d, freq: %d\n",
151                         __func__, cpu, old_cluster, new_cluster, new_rate);
152
153         ret = clk_set_rate(clk[new_cluster], new_rate * 1000);
154         if (!ret) {
155                 /*
156                  * FIXME: clk_set_rate hasn't returned an error here however it
157                  * may be that clk_change_rate failed due to hardware or
158                  * firmware issues and wasn't able to report that due to the
159                  * current design of the clk core layer. To work around this
160                  * problem we will read back the clock rate and check it is
161                  * correct. This needs to be removed once clk core is fixed.
162                  */
163                 if (clk_get_rate(clk[new_cluster]) != new_rate * 1000)
164                         ret = -EIO;
165         }
166
167         if (WARN_ON(ret)) {
168                 pr_err("clk_set_rate failed: %d, new cluster: %d\n", ret,
169                                 new_cluster);
170                 if (bLs) {
171                         per_cpu(cpu_last_req_freq, cpu) = prev_rate;
172                         per_cpu(physical_cluster, cpu) = old_cluster;
173                 }
174
175                 mutex_unlock(&cluster_lock[new_cluster]);
176
177                 return ret;
178         }
179
180         mutex_unlock(&cluster_lock[new_cluster]);
181
182         /* Recalc freq for old cluster when switching clusters */
183         if (old_cluster != new_cluster) {
184                 pr_debug("%s: cpu: %d, old cluster: %d, new cluster: %d\n",
185                                 __func__, cpu, old_cluster, new_cluster);
186
187                 /* Switch cluster */
188                 bL_switch_request(cpu, new_cluster);
189
190                 mutex_lock(&cluster_lock[old_cluster]);
191
192                 /* Set freq of old cluster if there are cpus left on it */
193                 new_rate = find_cluster_maxfreq(old_cluster);
194                 new_rate = ACTUAL_FREQ(old_cluster, new_rate);
195
196                 if (new_rate) {
197                         pr_debug("%s: Updating rate of old cluster: %d, to freq: %d\n",
198                                         __func__, old_cluster, new_rate);
199
200                         if (clk_set_rate(clk[old_cluster], new_rate * 1000))
201                                 pr_err("%s: clk_set_rate failed: %d, old cluster: %d\n",
202                                                 __func__, ret, old_cluster);
203                 }
204                 mutex_unlock(&cluster_lock[old_cluster]);
205         }
206
207         return 0;
208 }
209
210 /* Set clock frequency */
211 static int bL_cpufreq_set_target(struct cpufreq_policy *policy,
212                 unsigned int index)
213 {
214         u32 cpu = policy->cpu, cur_cluster, new_cluster, actual_cluster;
215         unsigned int freqs_new;
216         int ret;
217
218         cur_cluster = cpu_to_cluster(cpu);
219         new_cluster = actual_cluster = per_cpu(physical_cluster, cpu);
220
221         freqs_new = freq_table[cur_cluster][index].frequency;
222
223         if (is_bL_switching_enabled()) {
224                 if ((actual_cluster == A15_CLUSTER) &&
225                                 (freqs_new < clk_big_min)) {
226                         new_cluster = A7_CLUSTER;
227                 } else if ((actual_cluster == A7_CLUSTER) &&
228                                 (freqs_new > clk_little_max)) {
229                         new_cluster = A15_CLUSTER;
230                 }
231         }
232
233         ret = bL_cpufreq_set_rate(cpu, actual_cluster, new_cluster, freqs_new);
234
235         if (!ret) {
236                 arch_set_freq_scale(policy->related_cpus, freqs_new,
237                                     policy->cpuinfo.max_freq);
238         }
239
240         return ret;
241 }
242
243 static inline u32 get_table_count(struct cpufreq_frequency_table *table)
244 {
245         int count;
246
247         for (count = 0; table[count].frequency != CPUFREQ_TABLE_END; count++)
248                 ;
249
250         return count;
251 }
252
253 /* get the minimum frequency in the cpufreq_frequency_table */
254 static inline u32 get_table_min(struct cpufreq_frequency_table *table)
255 {
256         struct cpufreq_frequency_table *pos;
257         uint32_t min_freq = ~0;
258         cpufreq_for_each_entry(pos, table)
259                 if (pos->frequency < min_freq)
260                         min_freq = pos->frequency;
261         return min_freq;
262 }
263
264 /* get the maximum frequency in the cpufreq_frequency_table */
265 static inline u32 get_table_max(struct cpufreq_frequency_table *table)
266 {
267         struct cpufreq_frequency_table *pos;
268         uint32_t max_freq = 0;
269         cpufreq_for_each_entry(pos, table)
270                 if (pos->frequency > max_freq)
271                         max_freq = pos->frequency;
272         return max_freq;
273 }
274
275 static int merge_cluster_tables(void)
276 {
277         int i, j, k = 0, count = 1;
278         struct cpufreq_frequency_table *table;
279
280         for (i = 0; i < MAX_CLUSTERS; i++)
281                 count += get_table_count(freq_table[i]);
282
283         table = kcalloc(count, sizeof(*table), GFP_KERNEL);
284         if (!table)
285                 return -ENOMEM;
286
287         freq_table[MAX_CLUSTERS] = table;
288
289         /* Add in reverse order to get freqs in increasing order */
290         for (i = MAX_CLUSTERS - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
291                 for (j = 0; freq_table[i][j].frequency != CPUFREQ_TABLE_END;
292                                 j++) {
293                         table[k].frequency = VIRT_FREQ(i,
294                                         freq_table[i][j].frequency);
295                         pr_debug("%s: index: %d, freq: %d\n", __func__, k,
296                                         table[k].frequency);
297                         k++;
298                 }
299         }
300
301         table[k].driver_data = k;
302         table[k].frequency = CPUFREQ_TABLE_END;
303
304         pr_debug("%s: End, table: %p, count: %d\n", __func__, table, k);
305
306         return 0;
307 }
308
309 static void _put_cluster_clk_and_freq_table(struct device *cpu_dev,
310                                             const struct cpumask *cpumask)
311 {
312         u32 cluster = raw_cpu_to_cluster(cpu_dev->id);
313
314         if (!freq_table[cluster])
315                 return;
316
317         clk_put(clk[cluster]);
318         dev_pm_opp_free_cpufreq_table(cpu_dev, &freq_table[cluster]);
319         if (arm_bL_ops->free_opp_table)
320                 arm_bL_ops->free_opp_table(cpumask);
321         dev_dbg(cpu_dev, "%s: cluster: %d\n", __func__, cluster);
322 }
323
324 static void put_cluster_clk_and_freq_table(struct device *cpu_dev,
325                                            const struct cpumask *cpumask)
326 {
327         u32 cluster = cpu_to_cluster(cpu_dev->id);
328         int i;
329
330         if (atomic_dec_return(&cluster_usage[cluster]))
331                 return;
332
333         if (cluster < MAX_CLUSTERS)
334                 return _put_cluster_clk_and_freq_table(cpu_dev, cpumask);
335
336         for_each_present_cpu(i) {
337                 struct device *cdev = get_cpu_device(i);
338                 if (!cdev) {
339                         pr_err("%s: failed to get cpu%d device\n", __func__, i);
340                         return;
341                 }
342
343                 _put_cluster_clk_and_freq_table(cdev, cpumask);
344         }
345
346         /* free virtual table */
347         kfree(freq_table[cluster]);
348 }
349
350 static int _get_cluster_clk_and_freq_table(struct device *cpu_dev,
351                                            const struct cpumask *cpumask)
352 {
353         u32 cluster = raw_cpu_to_cluster(cpu_dev->id);
354         int ret;
355
356         if (freq_table[cluster])
357                 return 0;
358
359         ret = arm_bL_ops->init_opp_table(cpumask);
360         if (ret) {
361                 dev_err(cpu_dev, "%s: init_opp_table failed, cpu: %d, err: %d\n",
362                                 __func__, cpu_dev->id, ret);
363                 goto out;
364         }
365
366         ret = dev_pm_opp_init_cpufreq_table(cpu_dev, &freq_table[cluster]);
367         if (ret) {
368                 dev_err(cpu_dev, "%s: failed to init cpufreq table, cpu: %d, err: %d\n",
369                                 __func__, cpu_dev->id, ret);
370                 goto free_opp_table;
371         }
372
373         clk[cluster] = clk_get(cpu_dev, NULL);
374         if (!IS_ERR(clk[cluster])) {
375                 dev_dbg(cpu_dev, "%s: clk: %p & freq table: %p, cluster: %d\n",
376                                 __func__, clk[cluster], freq_table[cluster],
377                                 cluster);
378                 return 0;
379         }
380
381         dev_err(cpu_dev, "%s: Failed to get clk for cpu: %d, cluster: %d\n",
382                         __func__, cpu_dev->id, cluster);
383         ret = PTR_ERR(clk[cluster]);
384         dev_pm_opp_free_cpufreq_table(cpu_dev, &freq_table[cluster]);
385
386 free_opp_table:
387         if (arm_bL_ops->free_opp_table)
388                 arm_bL_ops->free_opp_table(cpumask);
389 out:
390         dev_err(cpu_dev, "%s: Failed to get data for cluster: %d\n", __func__,
391                         cluster);
392         return ret;
393 }
394
395 static int get_cluster_clk_and_freq_table(struct device *cpu_dev,
396                                           const struct cpumask *cpumask)
397 {
398         u32 cluster = cpu_to_cluster(cpu_dev->id);
399         int i, ret;
400
401         if (atomic_inc_return(&cluster_usage[cluster]) != 1)
402                 return 0;
403
404         if (cluster < MAX_CLUSTERS) {
405                 ret = _get_cluster_clk_and_freq_table(cpu_dev, cpumask);
406                 if (ret)
407                         atomic_dec(&cluster_usage[cluster]);
408                 return ret;
409         }
410
411         /*
412          * Get data for all clusters and fill virtual cluster with a merge of
413          * both
414          */
415         for_each_present_cpu(i) {
416                 struct device *cdev = get_cpu_device(i);
417                 if (!cdev) {
418                         pr_err("%s: failed to get cpu%d device\n", __func__, i);
419                         return -ENODEV;
420                 }
421
422                 ret = _get_cluster_clk_and_freq_table(cdev, cpumask);
423                 if (ret)
424                         goto put_clusters;
425         }
426
427         ret = merge_cluster_tables();
428         if (ret)
429                 goto put_clusters;
430
431         /* Assuming 2 cluster, set clk_big_min and clk_little_max */
432         clk_big_min = get_table_min(freq_table[0]);
433         clk_little_max = VIRT_FREQ(1, get_table_max(freq_table[1]));
434
435         pr_debug("%s: cluster: %d, clk_big_min: %d, clk_little_max: %d\n",
436                         __func__, cluster, clk_big_min, clk_little_max);
437
438         return 0;
439
440 put_clusters:
441         for_each_present_cpu(i) {
442                 struct device *cdev = get_cpu_device(i);
443                 if (!cdev) {
444                         pr_err("%s: failed to get cpu%d device\n", __func__, i);
445                         return -ENODEV;
446                 }
447
448                 _put_cluster_clk_and_freq_table(cdev, cpumask);
449         }
450
451         atomic_dec(&cluster_usage[cluster]);
452
453         return ret;
454 }
455
456 /* Per-CPU initialization */
457 static int bL_cpufreq_init(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
458 {
459         u32 cur_cluster = cpu_to_cluster(policy->cpu);
460         struct device *cpu_dev;
461         int ret;
462
463         cpu_dev = get_cpu_device(policy->cpu);
464         if (!cpu_dev) {
465                 pr_err("%s: failed to get cpu%d device\n", __func__,
466                                 policy->cpu);
467                 return -ENODEV;
468         }
469
470         if (cur_cluster < MAX_CLUSTERS) {
471                 int cpu;
472
473                 cpumask_copy(policy->cpus, topology_core_cpumask(policy->cpu));
474
475                 for_each_cpu(cpu, policy->cpus)
476                         per_cpu(physical_cluster, cpu) = cur_cluster;
477         } else {
478                 /* Assumption: during init, we are always running on A15 */
479                 per_cpu(physical_cluster, policy->cpu) = A15_CLUSTER;
480         }
481
482         ret = get_cluster_clk_and_freq_table(cpu_dev, policy->cpus);
483         if (ret)
484                 return ret;
485
486         policy->freq_table = freq_table[cur_cluster];
487         policy->cpuinfo.transition_latency =
488                                 arm_bL_ops->get_transition_latency(cpu_dev);
489
490         dev_pm_opp_of_register_em(policy->cpus);
491
492         if (is_bL_switching_enabled())
493                 per_cpu(cpu_last_req_freq, policy->cpu) = clk_get_cpu_rate(policy->cpu);
494
495         dev_info(cpu_dev, "%s: CPU %d initialized\n", __func__, policy->cpu);
496         return 0;
497 }
498
499 static int bL_cpufreq_exit(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
500 {
501         struct device *cpu_dev;
502         int cur_cluster = cpu_to_cluster(policy->cpu);
503
504         if (cur_cluster < MAX_CLUSTERS) {
505                 cpufreq_cooling_unregister(cdev[cur_cluster]);
506                 cdev[cur_cluster] = NULL;
507         }
508
509         cpu_dev = get_cpu_device(policy->cpu);
510         if (!cpu_dev) {
511                 pr_err("%s: failed to get cpu%d device\n", __func__,
512                                 policy->cpu);
513                 return -ENODEV;
514         }
515
516         put_cluster_clk_and_freq_table(cpu_dev, policy->related_cpus);
517         dev_dbg(cpu_dev, "%s: Exited, cpu: %d\n", __func__, policy->cpu);
518
519         return 0;
520 }
521
522 static void bL_cpufreq_ready(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
523 {
524         int cur_cluster = cpu_to_cluster(policy->cpu);
525
526         /* Do not register a cpu_cooling device if we are in IKS mode */
527         if (cur_cluster >= MAX_CLUSTERS)
528                 return;
529
530         cdev[cur_cluster] = of_cpufreq_cooling_register(policy);
531 }
532
533 static struct cpufreq_driver bL_cpufreq_driver = {
534         .name                   = "arm-big-little",
535         .flags                  = CPUFREQ_STICKY |
536                                         CPUFREQ_HAVE_GOVERNOR_PER_POLICY |
537                                         CPUFREQ_NEED_INITIAL_FREQ_CHECK,
538         .verify                 = cpufreq_generic_frequency_table_verify,
539         .target_index           = bL_cpufreq_set_target,
540         .get                    = bL_cpufreq_get_rate,
541         .init                   = bL_cpufreq_init,
542         .exit                   = bL_cpufreq_exit,
543         .ready                  = bL_cpufreq_ready,
544         .attr                   = cpufreq_generic_attr,
545 };
546
547 #ifdef CONFIG_BL_SWITCHER
548 static int bL_cpufreq_switcher_notifier(struct notifier_block *nfb,
549                                         unsigned long action, void *_arg)
550 {
551         pr_debug("%s: action: %ld\n", __func__, action);
552
553         switch (action) {
554         case BL_NOTIFY_PRE_ENABLE:
555         case BL_NOTIFY_PRE_DISABLE:
556                 cpufreq_unregister_driver(&bL_cpufreq_driver);
557                 break;
558
559         case BL_NOTIFY_POST_ENABLE:
560                 set_switching_enabled(true);
561                 cpufreq_register_driver(&bL_cpufreq_driver);
562                 break;
563
564         case BL_NOTIFY_POST_DISABLE:
565                 set_switching_enabled(false);
566                 cpufreq_register_driver(&bL_cpufreq_driver);
567                 break;
568
569         default:
570                 return NOTIFY_DONE;
571         }
572
573         return NOTIFY_OK;
574 }
575
576 static struct notifier_block bL_switcher_notifier = {
577         .notifier_call = bL_cpufreq_switcher_notifier,
578 };
579
580 static int __bLs_register_notifier(void)
581 {
582         return bL_switcher_register_notifier(&bL_switcher_notifier);
583 }
584
585 static int __bLs_unregister_notifier(void)
586 {
587         return bL_switcher_unregister_notifier(&bL_switcher_notifier);
588 }
589 #else
590 static int __bLs_register_notifier(void) { return 0; }
591 static int __bLs_unregister_notifier(void) { return 0; }
592 #endif
593
594 int bL_cpufreq_register(const struct cpufreq_arm_bL_ops *ops)
595 {
596         int ret, i;
597
598         if (arm_bL_ops) {
599                 pr_debug("%s: Already registered: %s, exiting\n", __func__,
600                                 arm_bL_ops->name);
601                 return -EBUSY;
602         }
603
604         if (!ops || !strlen(ops->name) || !ops->init_opp_table ||
605             !ops->get_transition_latency) {
606                 pr_err("%s: Invalid arm_bL_ops, exiting\n", __func__);
607                 return -ENODEV;
608         }
609
610         arm_bL_ops = ops;
611
612         set_switching_enabled(bL_switcher_get_enabled());
613
614         for (i = 0; i < MAX_CLUSTERS; i++)
615                 mutex_init(&cluster_lock[i]);
616
617         ret = cpufreq_register_driver(&bL_cpufreq_driver);
618         if (ret) {
619                 pr_info("%s: Failed registering platform driver: %s, err: %d\n",
620                                 __func__, ops->name, ret);
621                 arm_bL_ops = NULL;
622         } else {
623                 ret = __bLs_register_notifier();
624                 if (ret) {
625                         cpufreq_unregister_driver(&bL_cpufreq_driver);
626                         arm_bL_ops = NULL;
627                 } else {
628                         pr_info("%s: Registered platform driver: %s\n",
629                                         __func__, ops->name);
630                 }
631         }
632
633         bL_switcher_put_enabled();
634         return ret;
635 }
636 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bL_cpufreq_register);
637
638 void bL_cpufreq_unregister(const struct cpufreq_arm_bL_ops *ops)
639 {
640         if (arm_bL_ops != ops) {
641                 pr_err("%s: Registered with: %s, can't unregister, exiting\n",
642                                 __func__, arm_bL_ops->name);
643                 return;
644         }
645
646         bL_switcher_get_enabled();
647         __bLs_unregister_notifier();
648         cpufreq_unregister_driver(&bL_cpufreq_driver);
649         bL_switcher_put_enabled();
650         pr_info("%s: Un-registered platform driver: %s\n", __func__,
651                         arm_bL_ops->name);
652         arm_bL_ops = NULL;
653 }
654 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bL_cpufreq_unregister);
655
656 MODULE_AUTHOR("Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>");
657 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Generic ARM big LITTLE cpufreq driver");
658 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");