2 * drivers/base/dd.c - The core device/driver interactions.
4 * This file contains the (sometimes tricky) code that controls the
5 * interactions between devices and drivers, which primarily includes
6 * driver binding and unbinding.
8 * All of this code used to exist in drivers/base/bus.c, but was
9 * relocated to here in the name of compartmentalization (since it wasn't
10 * strictly code just for the 'struct bus_type'.
12 * Copyright (c) 2002-5 Patrick Mochel
13 * Copyright (c) 2002-3 Open Source Development Labs
14 * Copyright (c) 2007-2009 Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
15 * Copyright (c) 2007-2009 Novell Inc.
17 * This file is released under the GPLv2
20 #include <linux/device.h>
21 #include <linux/delay.h>
22 #include <linux/module.h>
23 #include <linux/kthread.h>
24 #include <linux/wait.h>
25 #include <linux/async.h>
26 #include <linux/pm_runtime.h>
29 #include "power/power.h"
32 * Deferred Probe infrastructure.
34 * Sometimes driver probe order matters, but the kernel doesn't always have
35 * dependency information which means some drivers will get probed before a
36 * resource it depends on is available. For example, an SDHCI driver may
37 * first need a GPIO line from an i2c GPIO controller before it can be
38 * initialized. If a required resource is not available yet, a driver can
39 * request probing to be deferred by returning -EPROBE_DEFER from its probe hook
41 * Deferred probe maintains two lists of devices, a pending list and an active
42 * list. A driver returning -EPROBE_DEFER causes the device to be added to the
43 * pending list. A successful driver probe will trigger moving all devices
44 * from the pending to the active list so that the workqueue will eventually
47 * The deferred_probe_mutex must be held any time the deferred_probe_*_list
48 * of the (struct device*)->p->deferred_probe pointers are manipulated
50 static DEFINE_MUTEX(deferred_probe_mutex);
51 static LIST_HEAD(deferred_probe_pending_list);
52 static LIST_HEAD(deferred_probe_active_list);
53 static struct workqueue_struct *deferred_wq;
56 * deferred_probe_work_func() - Retry probing devices in the active list.
58 static void deferred_probe_work_func(struct work_struct *work)
61 struct device_private *private;
63 * This block processes every device in the deferred 'active' list.
64 * Each device is removed from the active list and passed to
65 * bus_probe_device() to re-attempt the probe. The loop continues
66 * until every device in the active list is removed and retried.
68 * Note: Once the device is removed from the list and the mutex is
69 * released, it is possible for the device get freed by another thread
70 * and cause a illegal pointer dereference. This code uses
71 * get/put_device() to ensure the device structure cannot disappear
72 * from under our feet.
74 mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
75 while (!list_empty(&deferred_probe_active_list)) {
76 private = list_first_entry(&deferred_probe_active_list,
77 typeof(*dev->p), deferred_probe);
78 dev = private->device;
79 list_del_init(&private->deferred_probe);
84 * Drop the mutex while probing each device; the probe path may
85 * manipulate the deferred list
87 mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
90 * Force the device to the end of the dpm_list since
91 * the PM code assumes that the order we add things to
92 * the list is a good order for suspend but deferred
93 * probe makes that very unsafe.
96 device_pm_move_last(dev);
99 dev_dbg(dev, "Retrying from deferred list\n");
100 bus_probe_device(dev);
102 mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
106 mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
108 static DECLARE_WORK(deferred_probe_work, deferred_probe_work_func);
110 static void driver_deferred_probe_add(struct device *dev)
112 mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
113 if (list_empty(&dev->p->deferred_probe)) {
114 dev_dbg(dev, "Added to deferred list\n");
115 list_add_tail(&dev->p->deferred_probe, &deferred_probe_pending_list);
117 mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
120 void driver_deferred_probe_del(struct device *dev)
122 mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
123 if (!list_empty(&dev->p->deferred_probe)) {
124 dev_dbg(dev, "Removed from deferred list\n");
125 list_del_init(&dev->p->deferred_probe);
127 mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
130 static bool driver_deferred_probe_enable = false;
132 * driver_deferred_probe_trigger() - Kick off re-probing deferred devices
134 * This functions moves all devices from the pending list to the active
135 * list and schedules the deferred probe workqueue to process them. It
136 * should be called anytime a driver is successfully bound to a device.
138 static void driver_deferred_probe_trigger(void)
140 if (!driver_deferred_probe_enable)
144 * A successful probe means that all the devices in the pending list
145 * should be triggered to be reprobed. Move all the deferred devices
146 * into the active list so they can be retried by the workqueue
148 mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
149 list_splice_tail_init(&deferred_probe_pending_list,
150 &deferred_probe_active_list);
151 mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
154 * Kick the re-probe thread. It may already be scheduled, but it is
155 * safe to kick it again.
157 queue_work(deferred_wq, &deferred_probe_work);
161 * deferred_probe_initcall() - Enable probing of deferred devices
163 * We don't want to get in the way when the bulk of drivers are getting probed.
164 * Instead, this initcall makes sure that deferred probing is delayed until
165 * late_initcall time.
167 static int deferred_probe_initcall(void)
169 deferred_wq = create_singlethread_workqueue("deferwq");
170 if (WARN_ON(!deferred_wq))
173 driver_deferred_probe_enable = true;
174 driver_deferred_probe_trigger();
177 late_initcall(deferred_probe_initcall);
179 static void driver_bound(struct device *dev)
181 if (klist_node_attached(&dev->p->knode_driver)) {
182 printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: device %s already bound\n",
183 __func__, kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
187 pr_debug("driver: '%s': %s: bound to device '%s'\n", dev_name(dev),
188 __func__, dev->driver->name);
190 klist_add_tail(&dev->p->knode_driver, &dev->driver->p->klist_devices);
193 * Make sure the device is no longer in one of the deferred lists and
194 * kick off retrying all pending devices
196 driver_deferred_probe_del(dev);
197 driver_deferred_probe_trigger();
200 blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier,
201 BUS_NOTIFY_BOUND_DRIVER, dev);
204 static int driver_sysfs_add(struct device *dev)
209 blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier,
210 BUS_NOTIFY_BIND_DRIVER, dev);
212 ret = sysfs_create_link(&dev->driver->p->kobj, &dev->kobj,
213 kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
215 ret = sysfs_create_link(&dev->kobj, &dev->driver->p->kobj,
218 sysfs_remove_link(&dev->driver->p->kobj,
219 kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
224 static void driver_sysfs_remove(struct device *dev)
226 struct device_driver *drv = dev->driver;
229 sysfs_remove_link(&drv->p->kobj, kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
230 sysfs_remove_link(&dev->kobj, "driver");
235 * device_bind_driver - bind a driver to one device.
238 * Allow manual attachment of a driver to a device.
239 * Caller must have already set @dev->driver.
241 * Note that this does not modify the bus reference count
242 * nor take the bus's rwsem. Please verify those are accounted
243 * for before calling this. (It is ok to call with no other effort
244 * from a driver's probe() method.)
246 * This function must be called with the device lock held.
248 int device_bind_driver(struct device *dev)
252 ret = driver_sysfs_add(dev);
257 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_bind_driver);
259 static atomic_t probe_count = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
260 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(probe_waitqueue);
262 static int really_probe(struct device *dev, struct device_driver *drv)
266 atomic_inc(&probe_count);
267 pr_debug("bus: '%s': %s: probing driver %s with device %s\n",
268 drv->bus->name, __func__, drv->name, dev_name(dev));
269 WARN_ON(!list_empty(&dev->devres_head));
272 if (driver_sysfs_add(dev)) {
273 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: driver_sysfs_add(%s) failed\n",
274 __func__, dev_name(dev));
278 if (dev->bus->probe) {
279 ret = dev->bus->probe(dev);
282 } else if (drv->probe) {
283 ret = drv->probe(dev);
290 pr_debug("bus: '%s': %s: bound device %s to driver %s\n",
291 drv->bus->name, __func__, dev_name(dev), drv->name);
295 devres_release_all(dev);
296 driver_sysfs_remove(dev);
298 dev_set_drvdata(dev, NULL);
300 if (ret == -EPROBE_DEFER) {
301 /* Driver requested deferred probing */
302 dev_info(dev, "Driver %s requests probe deferral\n", drv->name);
303 driver_deferred_probe_add(dev);
304 } else if (ret != -ENODEV && ret != -ENXIO) {
305 /* driver matched but the probe failed */
307 "%s: probe of %s failed with error %d\n",
308 drv->name, dev_name(dev), ret);
310 pr_debug("%s: probe of %s rejects match %d\n",
311 drv->name, dev_name(dev), ret);
314 * Ignore errors returned by ->probe so that the next driver can try
319 atomic_dec(&probe_count);
320 wake_up(&probe_waitqueue);
326 * Determine if the probe sequence is finished or not.
328 * Should somehow figure out how to use a semaphore, not an atomic variable...
330 int driver_probe_done(void)
332 pr_debug("%s: probe_count = %d\n", __func__,
333 atomic_read(&probe_count));
334 if (atomic_read(&probe_count))
340 * wait_for_device_probe
341 * Wait for device probing to be completed.
343 void wait_for_device_probe(void)
345 /* wait for the known devices to complete their probing */
346 wait_event(probe_waitqueue, atomic_read(&probe_count) == 0);
347 async_synchronize_full();
349 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(wait_for_device_probe);
352 * driver_probe_device - attempt to bind device & driver together
353 * @drv: driver to bind a device to
354 * @dev: device to try to bind to the driver
356 * This function returns -ENODEV if the device is not registered,
357 * 1 if the device is bound successfully and 0 otherwise.
359 * This function must be called with @dev lock held. When called for a
360 * USB interface, @dev->parent lock must be held as well.
362 int driver_probe_device(struct device_driver *drv, struct device *dev)
366 if (!device_is_registered(dev))
369 pr_debug("bus: '%s': %s: matched device %s with driver %s\n",
370 drv->bus->name, __func__, dev_name(dev), drv->name);
372 pm_runtime_barrier(dev);
373 ret = really_probe(dev, drv);
374 pm_runtime_idle(dev);
379 static int __device_attach(struct device_driver *drv, void *data)
381 struct device *dev = data;
383 if (!driver_match_device(drv, dev))
386 return driver_probe_device(drv, dev);
390 * device_attach - try to attach device to a driver.
393 * Walk the list of drivers that the bus has and call
394 * driver_probe_device() for each pair. If a compatible
395 * pair is found, break out and return.
397 * Returns 1 if the device was bound to a driver;
398 * 0 if no matching driver was found;
399 * -ENODEV if the device is not registered.
401 * When called for a USB interface, @dev->parent lock must be held.
403 int device_attach(struct device *dev)
409 if (klist_node_attached(&dev->p->knode_driver)) {
413 ret = device_bind_driver(dev);
421 ret = bus_for_each_drv(dev->bus, NULL, dev, __device_attach);
422 pm_runtime_idle(dev);
428 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_attach);
430 static int __driver_attach(struct device *dev, void *data)
432 struct device_driver *drv = data;
435 * Lock device and try to bind to it. We drop the error
436 * here and always return 0, because we need to keep trying
437 * to bind to devices and some drivers will return an error
438 * simply if it didn't support the device.
440 * driver_probe_device() will spit a warning if there
444 if (!driver_match_device(drv, dev))
447 if (dev->parent) /* Needed for USB */
448 device_lock(dev->parent);
451 driver_probe_device(drv, dev);
454 device_unlock(dev->parent);
460 * driver_attach - try to bind driver to devices.
463 * Walk the list of devices that the bus has on it and try to
464 * match the driver with each one. If driver_probe_device()
465 * returns 0 and the @dev->driver is set, we've found a
468 int driver_attach(struct device_driver *drv)
470 return bus_for_each_dev(drv->bus, NULL, drv, __driver_attach);
472 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(driver_attach);
475 * __device_release_driver() must be called with @dev lock held.
476 * When called for a USB interface, @dev->parent lock must be held as well.
478 static void __device_release_driver(struct device *dev)
480 struct device_driver *drv;
484 pm_runtime_get_sync(dev);
486 driver_sysfs_remove(dev);
489 blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier,
490 BUS_NOTIFY_UNBIND_DRIVER,
493 pm_runtime_put_sync(dev);
495 if (dev->bus && dev->bus->remove)
496 dev->bus->remove(dev);
497 else if (drv->remove)
499 devres_release_all(dev);
501 dev_set_drvdata(dev, NULL);
502 klist_remove(&dev->p->knode_driver);
504 blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier,
505 BUS_NOTIFY_UNBOUND_DRIVER,
512 * device_release_driver - manually detach device from driver.
515 * Manually detach device from driver.
516 * When called for a USB interface, @dev->parent lock must be held.
518 void device_release_driver(struct device *dev)
521 * If anyone calls device_release_driver() recursively from
522 * within their ->remove callback for the same device, they
523 * will deadlock right here.
526 __device_release_driver(dev);
529 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_release_driver);
532 * driver_detach - detach driver from all devices it controls.
535 void driver_detach(struct device_driver *drv)
537 struct device_private *dev_prv;
541 spin_lock(&drv->p->klist_devices.k_lock);
542 if (list_empty(&drv->p->klist_devices.k_list)) {
543 spin_unlock(&drv->p->klist_devices.k_lock);
546 dev_prv = list_entry(drv->p->klist_devices.k_list.prev,
547 struct device_private,
548 knode_driver.n_node);
549 dev = dev_prv->device;
551 spin_unlock(&drv->p->klist_devices.k_lock);
553 if (dev->parent) /* Needed for USB */
554 device_lock(dev->parent);
556 if (dev->driver == drv)
557 __device_release_driver(dev);
560 device_unlock(dev->parent);
566 * These exports can't be _GPL due to .h files using this within them, and it
567 * might break something that was previously working...
569 void *dev_get_drvdata(const struct device *dev)
572 return dev->p->driver_data;
575 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_get_drvdata);
577 int dev_set_drvdata(struct device *dev, void *data)
582 error = device_private_init(dev);
586 dev->p->driver_data = data;
589 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_set_drvdata);