1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 * Driver for the on-board character LCD found on some ARM reference boards
4 * This is basically an Hitachi HD44780 LCD with a custom IP block to drive it
5 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HD44780_Character_LCD
6 * Currently it will just display the text "ARM Linux" and the linux version
8 * Author: Linus Walleij <triad@df.lth.se>
10 #include <linux/init.h>
11 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
12 #include <linux/platform_device.h>
14 #include <linux/completion.h>
15 #include <linux/delay.h>
17 #include <linux/slab.h>
18 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
19 #include <generated/utsrelease.h>
21 #define DRIVERNAME "arm-charlcd"
22 #define CHARLCD_TIMEOUT (msecs_to_jiffies(1000))
24 /* Offsets to registers */
25 #define CHAR_COM 0x00U
26 #define CHAR_DAT 0x04U
28 #define CHAR_RAW 0x0CU
29 #define CHAR_MASK 0x10U
30 #define CHAR_STAT 0x14U
32 #define CHAR_RAW_CLEAR 0x00000000U
33 #define CHAR_RAW_VALID 0x00000100U
35 /* Hitachi HD44780 display commands */
36 #define HD_CLEAR 0x01U
38 #define HD_ENTRYMODE 0x04U
39 #define HD_ENTRYMODE_INCREMENT 0x02U
40 #define HD_ENTRYMODE_SHIFT 0x01U
41 #define HD_DISPCTRL 0x08U
42 #define HD_DISPCTRL_ON 0x04U
43 #define HD_DISPCTRL_CURSOR_ON 0x02U
44 #define HD_DISPCTRL_CURSOR_BLINK 0x01U
45 #define HD_CRSR_SHIFT 0x10U
46 #define HD_CRSR_SHIFT_DISPLAY 0x08U
47 #define HD_CRSR_SHIFT_DISPLAY_RIGHT 0x04U
48 #define HD_FUNCSET 0x20U
49 #define HD_FUNCSET_8BIT 0x10U
50 #define HD_FUNCSET_2_LINES 0x08U
51 #define HD_FUNCSET_FONT_5X10 0x04U
52 #define HD_SET_CGRAM 0x40U
53 #define HD_SET_DDRAM 0x80U
54 #define HD_BUSY_FLAG 0x80U
57 * struct charlcd - Private data structure
58 * @dev: a pointer back to containing device
59 * @phybase: the offset to the controller in physical memory
60 * @physize: the size of the physical page
61 * @virtbase: the offset to the controller in virtual memory
62 * @irq: reserved interrupt number
63 * @complete: completion structure for the last LCD command
64 * @init_work: delayed work structure to initialize the display on boot
70 void __iomem *virtbase;
72 struct completion complete;
73 struct delayed_work init_work;
76 static irqreturn_t charlcd_interrupt(int irq, void *data)
78 struct charlcd *lcd = data;
81 status = readl(lcd->virtbase + CHAR_STAT) & 0x01;
83 writel(CHAR_RAW_CLEAR, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_RAW);
85 complete(&lcd->complete);
87 dev_info(lcd->dev, "Spurious IRQ (%02x)\n", status);
92 static void charlcd_wait_complete_irq(struct charlcd *lcd)
96 ret = wait_for_completion_interruptible_timeout(&lcd->complete,
98 /* Disable IRQ after completion */
99 writel(0x00, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_MASK);
103 "wait_for_completion_interruptible_timeout() "
104 "returned %d waiting for ready\n", ret);
109 dev_err(lcd->dev, "charlcd controller timed out "
110 "waiting for ready\n");
115 static u8 charlcd_4bit_read_char(struct charlcd *lcd)
121 /* If we can, use an IRQ to wait for the data, else poll */
123 charlcd_wait_complete_irq(lcd);
127 while (!(val & CHAR_RAW_VALID) && i < 10) {
129 val = readl(lcd->virtbase + CHAR_RAW);
133 writel(CHAR_RAW_CLEAR, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_RAW);
137 /* Read the 4 high bits of the data */
138 data = readl(lcd->virtbase + CHAR_RD) & 0xf0;
141 * The second read for the low bits does not trigger an IRQ
142 * so in this case we have to poll for the 4 lower bits
146 while (!(val & CHAR_RAW_VALID) && i < 10) {
148 val = readl(lcd->virtbase + CHAR_RAW);
151 writel(CHAR_RAW_CLEAR, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_RAW);
154 /* Read the 4 low bits of the data */
155 data |= (readl(lcd->virtbase + CHAR_RD) >> 4) & 0x0f;
160 static bool charlcd_4bit_read_bf(struct charlcd *lcd)
164 * If we'll use IRQs to wait for the busyflag, clear any
165 * pending flag and enable IRQ
167 writel(CHAR_RAW_CLEAR, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_RAW);
168 init_completion(&lcd->complete);
169 writel(0x01, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_MASK);
171 readl(lcd->virtbase + CHAR_COM);
172 return charlcd_4bit_read_char(lcd) & HD_BUSY_FLAG ? true : false;
175 static void charlcd_4bit_wait_busy(struct charlcd *lcd)
180 while (charlcd_4bit_read_bf(lcd) && retries)
183 dev_err(lcd->dev, "timeout waiting for busyflag\n");
186 static void charlcd_4bit_command(struct charlcd *lcd, u8 cmd)
188 u32 cmdlo = (cmd << 4) & 0xf0;
189 u32 cmdhi = (cmd & 0xf0);
191 writel(cmdhi, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_COM);
193 writel(cmdlo, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_COM);
194 charlcd_4bit_wait_busy(lcd);
197 static void charlcd_4bit_char(struct charlcd *lcd, u8 ch)
199 u32 chlo = (ch << 4) & 0xf0;
200 u32 chhi = (ch & 0xf0);
202 writel(chhi, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_DAT);
204 writel(chlo, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_DAT);
205 charlcd_4bit_wait_busy(lcd);
208 static void charlcd_4bit_print(struct charlcd *lcd, int line, const char *str)
214 * We support line 0, 1
215 * Line 1 runs from 0x00..0x27
216 * Line 2 runs from 0x28..0x4f
226 charlcd_4bit_command(lcd, HD_SET_DDRAM | offset);
229 for (i = 0; i < strlen(str) && i < 0x28; i++)
230 charlcd_4bit_char(lcd, str[i]);
233 static void charlcd_4bit_init(struct charlcd *lcd)
235 /* These commands cannot be checked with the busy flag */
236 writel(HD_FUNCSET | HD_FUNCSET_8BIT, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_COM);
238 writel(HD_FUNCSET | HD_FUNCSET_8BIT, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_COM);
240 writel(HD_FUNCSET | HD_FUNCSET_8BIT, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_COM);
242 /* Go to 4bit mode */
243 writel(HD_FUNCSET, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_COM);
246 * 4bit mode, 2 lines, 5x8 font, after this the number of lines
247 * and the font cannot be changed until the next initialization sequence
249 charlcd_4bit_command(lcd, HD_FUNCSET | HD_FUNCSET_2_LINES);
250 charlcd_4bit_command(lcd, HD_DISPCTRL | HD_DISPCTRL_ON);
251 charlcd_4bit_command(lcd, HD_ENTRYMODE | HD_ENTRYMODE_INCREMENT);
252 charlcd_4bit_command(lcd, HD_CLEAR);
253 charlcd_4bit_command(lcd, HD_HOME);
254 /* Put something useful in the display */
255 charlcd_4bit_print(lcd, 0, "ARM Linux");
256 charlcd_4bit_print(lcd, 1, UTS_RELEASE);
259 static void charlcd_init_work(struct work_struct *work)
261 struct charlcd *lcd =
262 container_of(work, struct charlcd, init_work.work);
264 charlcd_4bit_init(lcd);
267 static int __init charlcd_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
271 struct resource *res;
273 lcd = kzalloc(sizeof(struct charlcd), GFP_KERNEL);
277 lcd->dev = &pdev->dev;
279 res = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM, 0);
282 goto out_no_resource;
284 lcd->phybase = res->start;
285 lcd->physize = resource_size(res);
287 if (request_mem_region(lcd->phybase, lcd->physize,
288 DRIVERNAME) == NULL) {
290 goto out_no_memregion;
293 lcd->virtbase = ioremap(lcd->phybase, lcd->physize);
294 if (!lcd->virtbase) {
296 goto out_no_memregion;
299 lcd->irq = platform_get_irq(pdev, 0);
300 /* If no IRQ is supplied, we'll survive without it */
302 if (request_irq(lcd->irq, charlcd_interrupt, 0,
309 platform_set_drvdata(pdev, lcd);
312 * Initialize the display in a delayed work, because
313 * it is VERY slow and would slow down the boot of the system.
315 INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&lcd->init_work, charlcd_init_work);
316 schedule_delayed_work(&lcd->init_work, 0);
318 dev_info(&pdev->dev, "initialized ARM character LCD at %08x\n",
324 iounmap(lcd->virtbase);
326 release_mem_region(lcd->phybase, SZ_4K);
332 static int charlcd_suspend(struct device *dev)
334 struct charlcd *lcd = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
336 /* Power the display off */
337 charlcd_4bit_command(lcd, HD_DISPCTRL);
341 static int charlcd_resume(struct device *dev)
343 struct charlcd *lcd = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
345 /* Turn the display back on */
346 charlcd_4bit_command(lcd, HD_DISPCTRL | HD_DISPCTRL_ON);
350 static const struct dev_pm_ops charlcd_pm_ops = {
351 .suspend = charlcd_suspend,
352 .resume = charlcd_resume,
355 static const struct of_device_id charlcd_match[] = {
356 { .compatible = "arm,versatile-lcd", },
360 static struct platform_driver charlcd_driver = {
363 .pm = &charlcd_pm_ops,
364 .suppress_bind_attrs = true,
365 .of_match_table = of_match_ptr(charlcd_match),
368 builtin_platform_driver_probe(charlcd_driver, charlcd_probe);