3 <title>Mesa EGL</title>
5 <head><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="mesa.css"></head>
11 <p>The current version of EGL in Mesa implements EGL 1.4. More information
12 about EGL can be found at
13 <a href="http://www.khronos.org/egl/" target="_parent">
14 http://www.khronos.org/egl/</a>.</p>
16 <p>The Mesa's implementation of EGL uses a driver architecture. The main
17 library (<code>libEGL</code>) is window system neutral. It provides the EGL
18 API entry points and helper functions for use by the drivers. Drivers are
19 dynamically loaded by the main library and most of the EGL API calls are
20 directly dispatched to the drivers.</p>
22 <p>The driver in use decides the window system to support. For drivers that
23 support hardware rendering, there are usually multiple drivers supporting the
24 same window system. Each one of of them supports a certain range of graphics
31 <p>Run <code>configure</code> with the desired state trackers and enable
32 the Gallium driver for your hardware. For example</p>
35 $ ./configure --with-state-trackers=egl,es,vega --enable-gallium-{swrast,intel}
38 <p>The main library will be enabled by default. The <code>egl</code> state
39 tracker is needed by a number of EGL drivers. EGL drivers will be covered
40 later. The <a href="opengles.html">es state tracker</a> provides OpenGL ES 1.x
41 and 2.x and the <a href="openvg.html">vega state tracker</a> provides OpenVG
45 <li>Build and install Mesa as usual.</li>
48 <p>In the given example, it will build and install <code>libEGL</code>,
49 <code>libGLESv1_CM</code>, <code>libGLESv2</code>, <code>libOpenVG</code>, and
50 one or more EGL drivers.</p>
52 <h3>Configure Options</h3>
54 <p>There are several options that control the build of EGL at configuration
58 <li><code>--enable-egl</code>
60 <p>By default, EGL is enabled. When disabled, the main library and the drivers
61 will not be built.</p>
65 <li><code>--with-egl-driver-dir</code>
67 <p>The directory EGL drivers should be installed to. If not specified, EGL
68 drivers will be installed to <code>${libdir}/egl</code>.</p>
72 <li><code>--with-egl-displays</code>
74 <p>List the window system(s) to support. It is by default <code>x11</code>,
75 which supports the X Window System. Its argument is a comma separated string
76 like, for example, <code>--with-egl-displays=x11,kms</code>. Because an EGL
77 driver decides which window system to support, this example will enable two
78 (sets of) EGL drivers. One supports the X window system and the other supports
79 bare KMS (kernel modesetting).</p>
83 <li><code>--with-state-trackers</code>
85 <p>The argument is a comma separated string. It is usually used to specify the
86 rendering APIs, like OpenGL ES or OpenVG, to build. But it should be noted
87 that a number of EGL drivers depend on the <code>egl</code> state tracker.
88 They will <em>not</em> be built without the <code>egl</code> state tracker.</p>
92 <li><code>--enable-gallium-swrast</code>
94 <p>This option is not specific to EGL. But if there is no driver for your
95 hardware, or you are experiencing problems with the hardware driver, you can
96 enable the swrast DRM driver. It is a dummy driver and EGL will fallback to
97 software rendering automatically.</p>
104 <p>The OpenGL state tracker is not built in the above example. It should be
105 noted that the classic <code>libGL</code> is not a state tracker and cannot be
106 used with EGL (unless the EGL driver in use is <code>egl_glx</code>). To build
107 the OpenGL state tracker, one may append <code>glx</code> to
108 <code>--with-state-trackers</code> and manually build
109 <code>src/gallium/targets/libgl-xlib/</code>.</p>
113 <p>The demos for OpenGL ES and OpenVG can be found in <code>progs/es1/</code>,
114 <code>progs/es2/</code> and <code>progs/openvg/</code>. You can use them to
115 test your build. For example,</p>
123 <h3>Environment Variables</h3>
125 <p>There are several environment variables that control the behavior of EGL at
129 <li><code>EGL_DRIVERS_PATH</code>
131 <p>By default, the main library will look for drivers in the directory where
132 the drivers are installed to. This variable specifies a list of
133 colon-separated directories where the main library will look for drivers, in
134 addition to the default directory. This variable is ignored for setuid/setgid
139 <li><code>EGL_DRIVER</code>
141 <p>This variable specifies a full path to an EGL driver and it forces the
142 specified EGL driver to be loaded. It comes in handy when one wants to test a
143 specific driver. This variable is ignored for setuid/setgid binaries.</p>
147 <li><code>EGL_DISPLAY</code>
149 <p>When <code>EGL_DRIVER</code> is not set, the main library loads <em>all</em>
150 EGL drivers that support a certain window system. <code>EGL_DISPLAY</code> can
151 be used to specify the window system and the valid values are, for example,
152 <code>x11</code> or <code>kms</code>. When the variable is not set, the main
153 library defaults the value to the first window system listed in
154 <code>--with-egl-displays</code> at configuration time.
158 <li><code>EGL_LOG_LEVEL</code>
160 <p>This changes the log level of the main library and the drivers. The valid
161 values are: <code>debug</code>, <code>info</code>, <code>warning</code>, and
162 <code>fatal</code>.</p>
166 <li><code>EGL_SOFTWARE</code>
168 <p>For drivers that support both hardware and software rendering, setting this
169 variable to true forces the use of software rendering.</p>
176 <p>There are two categories of EGL drivers: Gallium and classic.</p>
178 <p>Gallium EGL drivers supports all rendering APIs specified in EGL 1.4. The
179 support for optional EGL functions and EGL extensions is usually more complete
180 than the classic ones. These drivers depend on the <code>egl</code> state
181 tracker to build. The available drivers are</p>
184 <li><code>egl_<dpy>_i915</code></li>
185 <li><code>egl_<dpy>_i965</code></li>
186 <li><code>egl_<dpy>_radeon</code></li>
187 <li><code>egl_<dpy>_nouveau</code></li>
188 <li><code>egl_<dpy>_swrast</code></li>
189 <li><code>egl_<dpy>_vmwgfx</code></li>
192 <p><code><dpy></code> is given by <code>--with-egl-displays</code> at
193 configuration time. There will be one EGL driver for each combination of the
194 displays listed and the hardware drivers enabled.</p>
196 <p>Classic EGL drivers, on the other hand, supports only OpenGL as its
197 rendering API. They can be found under <code>src/egl/drivers/</code>. There
201 <li><code>egl_glx</code>
203 <p>This driver provides a wrapper to GLX. It uses exclusively GLX to implement
204 the EGL API. It supports both direct and indirect rendering when the GLX does.
205 It is accelerated when the GLX is. As such, it cannot provide functions that
206 is not available in GLX or GLX extensions.</p>
209 <li><code>egl_dri2</code>
211 <p>This driver supports the X Window System as its window system. It functions
212 as a DRI2 driver loader. Unlike <code>egl_glx</code>, it has no dependency on
213 <code>libGL</code>. It talks to the X server directly using DRI2 protocol.</p>
216 <li><code>egl_dri</code>
218 <p>This driver lacks maintenance and does <em>not</em> build. It is similiar
219 to <code>egl_dri2</code> in that it functions as a DRI(1) driver loader. But
220 unlike <code>egl_dri2</code>, it supports Linux framebuffer devices as its
221 window system and supports EGL_MESA_screen_surface extension. As DRI1 drivers
222 are phasing out, it might eventually be replaced by <code>egl_dri2</code>.</p>
227 <p>To use the classic drivers, one must manually set <code>EGL_DRIVER</code> at
232 <p>The sources of the main library and the classic drivers can be found at
233 <code>src/egl/</code>. The sources of the <code>egl</code> state tracker can
234 be found at <code>src/gallium/state_trackers/egl/</code>.</p>
236 <p>The suggested way to learn to write a EGL driver is to see how other drivers
237 are written. <code>egl_glx</code> should be a good reference. It works in any
238 environment that has GLX support, and it is simpler than most drivers.</p>
240 <h3>Lifetime of Display Resources</h3>
242 <p>Contexts and surfaces are examples of display resources. They might live
243 longer than the display that creates them.</p>
245 <p>In EGL, when a display is terminated through <code>eglTerminate</code>, all
246 display resources should be destroyed. Similarly, when a thread is released
247 throught <code>eglReleaseThread</code>, all current display resources should be
248 released. Another way to destory or release resources is through functions
249 such as <code>eglDestroySurface</code> or <code>eglMakeCurrent</code>.</p>
251 <p>When a resource that is current to some thread is destroyed, the resource
252 should not be destroyed immediately. EGL requires the resource to live until
253 it is no longer current. A driver usually calls
254 <code>eglIs<Resource>Bound</code> to check if a resource is bound
255 (current) to any thread in the destroy callbacks. If it is still bound, the
256 resource is not destroyed.</p>
258 <p>The main library will mark destroyed current resources as unlinked. In a
259 driver's <code>MakeCurrent</code> callback,
260 <code>eglIs<Resource>Linked</code> can then be called to check if a newly
261 released resource is linked to a display. If it is not, the last reference to
262 the resource is removed and the driver should destroy the resource. But it
263 should be careful here because <code>MakeCurrent</code> might be called with an
264 uninitialized display.</p>
266 <p>This is the only mechanism provided by the main library to help manage the
267 resources. The drivers are responsible to the correct behavior as defined by
270 <h3><code>EGL_RENDER_BUFFER</code></h3>
272 <p>In EGL, the color buffer a context should try to render to is decided by the
273 binding surface. It should try to render to the front buffer if the binding
274 surface has <code>EGL_RENDER_BUFFER</code> set to
275 <code>EGL_SINGLE_BUFFER</code>; If the same context is later bound to a
276 surface with <code>EGL_RENDER_BUFFER</code> set to
277 <code>EGL_BACK_BUFFER</code>, the context should try to render to the back
278 buffer. However, the context is allowed to make the final decision as to which
279 color buffer it wants to or is able to render to.</p>
281 <p>For pbuffer surfaces, the render buffer is always
282 <code>EGL_BACK_BUFFER</code>. And for pixmap surfaces, the render buffer is
283 always <code>EGL_SINGLE_BUFFER</code>. Unlike window surfaces, EGL spec
284 requires their <code>EGL_RENDER_BUFFER</code> values to be honored. As a
285 result, a driver should never set <code>EGL_PIXMAP_BIT</code> or
286 <code>EGL_PBUFFER_BIT</code> bits of a config if the contexts created with the
287 config won't be able to honor the <code>EGL_RENDER_BUFFER</code> of pixmap or
288 pbuffer surfaces.</p>
290 <p>It should also be noted that pixmap and pbuffer surfaces are assumed to be
291 single-buffered, in that <code>eglSwapBuffers</code> has no effect on them. It
292 is desirable that a driver allocates a private color buffer for each pbuffer
293 surface created. If the window system the driver supports has native pbuffers,
294 or if the native pixmaps have more than one color buffers, the driver should
295 carefully attach the native color buffers to the EGL surfaces, re-route them if
298 <p>There is no defined behavior as to, for example, how
299 <code>glDrawBuffer</code> interacts with <code>EGL_RENDER_BUFFER</code>. Right
300 now, it is desired that the draw buffer in a client API be fixed for pixmap and
301 pbuffer surfaces. Therefore, the driver is responsible to guarantee that the
302 client API renders to the specified render buffer for pixmap and pbuffer
305 <h3><code>EGLDisplay</code> Mutex</h3>
307 The <code>EGLDisplay</code> will be locked before calling any of the dispatch
308 functions (well, except for GetProcAddress which does not take an
309 <code>EGLDisplay</code>). This guarantees that the same dispatch function will
310 not be called with the sample display at the same time. If a driver has access
311 to an <code>EGLDisplay</code> without going through the EGL APIs, the driver
312 should as well lock the display before using it.
317 <li>Pass the conformance tests</li>
318 <li>Better automatic driver selection: <code>EGL_DISPLAY</code> loads all
319 drivers and might eat too much memory.</li>