doc/html/api/lxml.tests.selftest-module.html

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  45         <a href="lxml-module.html">Package&nbsp;lxml</a> ::
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  47         Module&nbsp;selftest
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  63 <!-- ==================== MODULE DESCRIPTION ==================== -->
  64 <h1 class="epydoc">Module selftest</h1><p class="nomargin-top"><span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html">source&nbsp;code</a></span></p>
  65 <!-- ==================== FUNCTIONS ==================== -->
  66 <a name="section-Functions"></a>
  67 <table class="summary" border="1" cellpadding="3"
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  73         <td align="left"><span class="table-header">Functions</span></td>
  74         <td align="right" valign="top"
  75          ><span class="options">[<a href="#section-Functions"
  76          class="privatelink" onclick="toggle_private();"
  77          >hide private</a>]</span></td>
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  82 <tr>
  83     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
  84       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
  85     </td><td class="summary">
  86       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  87         <tr>
  88           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="stdout"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">stdout</span>()</span></td>
  89           <td align="right" valign="top">
  90             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#stdout">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
  91
  92           </td>
  93         </tr>
  94       </table>
  95
  96     </td>
  97   </tr>
  98 <tr>
  99     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 100       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 101     </td><td class="summary">
 102       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 103         <tr>
 104           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="fix_compatibility"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">fix_compatibility</span>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">xml_data</span>)</span></td>
 105           <td align="right" valign="top">
 106             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#fix_compatibility">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 107
 108           </td>
 109         </tr>
 110       </table>
 111
 112     </td>
 113   </tr>
 114 <tr>
 115     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 116       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 117     </td><td class="summary">
 118       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 119         <tr>
 120           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="serialize"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">serialize</span>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">elem</span>,
 121         <span class="summary-sig-arg">**options</span>)</span></td>
 122           <td align="right" valign="top">
 123             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#serialize">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 124
 125           </td>
 126         </tr>
 127       </table>
 128
 129     </td>
 130   </tr>
 131 <tr>
 132     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 133       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 134     </td><td class="summary">
 135       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 136         <tr>
 137           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="summarize"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">summarize</span>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">elem</span>)</span></td>
 138           <td align="right" valign="top">
 139             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#summarize">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 140
 141           </td>
 142         </tr>
 143       </table>
 144
 145     </td>
 146   </tr>
 147 <tr>
 148     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 149       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 150     </td><td class="summary">
 151       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 152         <tr>
 153           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="summarize_list"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">summarize_list</span>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">seq</span>)</span></td>
 154           <td align="right" valign="top">
 155             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#summarize_list">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 156
 157           </td>
 158         </tr>
 159       </table>
 160
 161     </td>
 162   </tr>
 163 <tr>
 164     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 165       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 166     </td><td class="summary">
 167       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 168         <tr>
 169           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="normalize_crlf"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">normalize_crlf</span>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">tree</span>)</span></td>
 170           <td align="right" valign="top">
 171             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#normalize_crlf">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 172
 173           </td>
 174         </tr>
 175       </table>
 176
 177     </td>
 178   </tr>
 179 <tr>
 180     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 181       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 182     </td><td class="summary">
 183       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 184         <tr>
 185           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="check_string"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">check_string</span>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">string</span>)</span></td>
 186           <td align="right" valign="top">
 187             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#check_string">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 188
 189           </td>
 190         </tr>
 191       </table>
 192
 193     </td>
 194   </tr>
 195 <tr>
 196     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 197       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 198     </td><td class="summary">
 199       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 200         <tr>
 201           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="check_string_or_none"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">check_string_or_none</span>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">value</span>)</span></td>
 202           <td align="right" valign="top">
 203             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#check_string_or_none">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 204
 205           </td>
 206         </tr>
 207       </table>
 208
 209     </td>
 210   </tr>
 211 <tr>
 212     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 213       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 214     </td><td class="summary">
 215       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 216         <tr>
 217           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="check_mapping"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">check_mapping</span>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">mapping</span>)</span></td>
 218           <td align="right" valign="top">
 219             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#check_mapping">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 220
 221           </td>
 222         </tr>
 223       </table>
 224
 225     </td>
 226   </tr>
 227 <tr>
 228     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 229       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 230     </td><td class="summary">
 231       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 232         <tr>
 233           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="check_element"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">check_element</span>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">element</span>)</span></td>
 234           <td align="right" valign="top">
 235             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#check_element">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 236
 237           </td>
 238         </tr>
 239       </table>
 240
 241     </td>
 242   </tr>
 243 <tr>
 244     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 245       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 246     </td><td class="summary">
 247       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 248         <tr>
 249           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="check_element_tree"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">check_element_tree</span>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">tree</span>)</span></td>
 250           <td align="right" valign="top">
 251             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#check_element_tree">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 252
 253           </td>
 254         </tr>
 255       </table>
 256
 257     </td>
 258   </tr>
 259 <tr>
 260     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 261       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 262     </td><td class="summary">
 263       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 264         <tr>
 265           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="interface"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">interface</span>()</span><br />
 266       Test element tree interface.</td>
 267           <td align="right" valign="top">
 268             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#interface">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 269
 270           </td>
 271         </tr>
 272       </table>
 273
 274     </td>
 275   </tr>
 276 <tr>
 277     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 278       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 279     </td><td class="summary">
 280       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 281         <tr>
 282           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="simpleops"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">simpleops</span>()</span></td>
 283           <td align="right" valign="top">
 284             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#simpleops">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 285
 286           </td>
 287         </tr>
 288       </table>
 289
 290     </td>
 291   </tr>
 292 <tr>
 293     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 294       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 295     </td><td class="summary">
 296       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 297         <tr>
 298           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-module.html#find" class="summary-sig-name">find</a>()</span><br />
 299       Test find methods (including xpath syntax).</td>
 300           <td align="right" valign="top">
 301             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#find">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 302
 303           </td>
 304         </tr>
 305       </table>
 306
 307     </td>
 308   </tr>
 309 <tr>
 310     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 311       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 312     </td><td class="summary">
 313       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 314         <tr>
 315           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-module.html#bad_find" class="summary-sig-name">bad_find</a>()</span><br />
 316       Check bad or unsupported path expressions.</td>
 317           <td align="right" valign="top">
 318             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#bad_find">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 319
 320           </td>
 321         </tr>
 322       </table>
 323
 324     </td>
 325   </tr>
 326 <tr>
 327     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 328       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 329     </td><td class="summary">
 330       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 331         <tr>
 332           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-module.html#parsefile" class="summary-sig-name">parsefile</a>()</span><br />
 333       Test parsing from file.</td>
 334           <td align="right" valign="top">
 335             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#parsefile">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 336
 337           </td>
 338         </tr>
 339       </table>
 340
 341     </td>
 342   </tr>
 343 <tr>
 344     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 345       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 346     </td><td class="summary">
 347       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 348         <tr>
 349           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-module.html#parseliteral" class="summary-sig-name">parseliteral</a>()</span><br />
 350       ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; sequence = [&quot;&lt;html&gt;&lt;body&gt;&quot;, &quot;text&lt;/bo&quot;, &quot;dy&gt;&lt;/html&gt;&quot;]
 351 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; element = ElementTree.fromstringlist(sequence)
 352 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; ElementTree.ElementTree(element).write(stdout())
 353 ##     &lt;html&gt;&lt;body&gt;text&lt;/body&gt;&lt;/html&gt;</td>
 354           <td align="right" valign="top">
 355             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#parseliteral">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 356
 357           </td>
 358         </tr>
 359       </table>
 360
 361     </td>
 362   </tr>
 363 <tr>
 364     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 365       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 366     </td><td class="summary">
 367       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 368         <tr>
 369           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="iterparse"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">iterparse</span>()</span><br />
 370       Test iterparse interface.</td>
 371           <td align="right" valign="top">
 372             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#iterparse">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 373
 374           </td>
 375         </tr>
 376       </table>
 377
 378     </td>
 379   </tr>
 380 <tr>
 381     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 382       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 383     </td><td class="summary">
 384       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 385         <tr>
 386           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="writefile"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">writefile</span>()</span><br />
 387       ##     Test tag suppression
 388 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; elem.tag = None
 389 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; serialize(elem)
 390 ##     'text&lt;subtag&gt;subtext&lt;/subtag&gt;'</td>
 391           <td align="right" valign="top">
 392             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#writefile">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 393
 394           </td>
 395         </tr>
 396       </table>
 397
 398     </td>
 399   </tr>
 400 <tr>
 401     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 402       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 403     </td><td class="summary">
 404       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 405         <tr>
 406           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="writestring"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">writestring</span>()</span></td>
 407           <td align="right" valign="top">
 408             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#writestring">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 409
 410           </td>
 411         </tr>
 412       </table>
 413
 414     </td>
 415   </tr>
 416 <tr>
 417     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 418       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 419     </td><td class="summary">
 420       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 421         <tr>
 422           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="encoding"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">encoding</span>()</span><br />
 423       Test encoding issues.</td>
 424           <td align="right" valign="top">
 425             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#encoding">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 426
 427           </td>
 428         </tr>
 429       </table>
 430
 431     </td>
 432   </tr>
 433 <tr>
 434     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 435       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 436     </td><td class="summary">
 437       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 438         <tr>
 439           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="iterators"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">iterators</span>()</span><br />
 440       Test iterators.</td>
 441           <td align="right" valign="top">
 442             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#iterators">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 443
 444           </td>
 445         </tr>
 446       </table>
 447
 448     </td>
 449   </tr>
 450 <tr>
 451     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 452       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 453     </td><td class="summary">
 454       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 455         <tr>
 456           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-module.html#namespace" class="summary-sig-name">namespace</a>()</span><br />
 457       Test namespace issues.</td>
 458           <td align="right" valign="top">
 459             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#namespace">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 460
 461           </td>
 462         </tr>
 463       </table>
 464
 465     </td>
 466   </tr>
 467 <tr>
 468     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 469       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 470     </td><td class="summary">
 471       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 472         <tr>
 473           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-module.html#qname" class="summary-sig-name">qname</a>()</span><br />
 474       Test QName handling.</td>
 475           <td align="right" valign="top">
 476             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#qname">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 477
 478           </td>
 479         </tr>
 480       </table>
 481
 482     </td>
 483   </tr>
 484 <tr>
 485     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 486       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 487     </td><td class="summary">
 488       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 489         <tr>
 490           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="xpath_tokenizer"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">xpath_tokenizer</span>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">p</span>)</span><br />
 491       Test the XPath tokenizer.</td>
 492           <td align="right" valign="top">
 493             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#xpath_tokenizer">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 494
 495           </td>
 496         </tr>
 497       </table>
 498
 499     </td>
 500   </tr>
 501 <tr>
 502     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 503       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 504     </td><td class="summary">
 505       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 506         <tr>
 507           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="xinclude_loader"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">xinclude_loader</span>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">href</span>,
 508         <span class="summary-sig-arg">parse</span>=<span class="summary-sig-default"><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">xml</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code></span>,
 509         <span class="summary-sig-arg">encoding</span>=<span class="summary-sig-default">None</span>)</span></td>
 510           <td align="right" valign="top">
 511             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#xinclude_loader">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 512
 513           </td>
 514         </tr>
 515       </table>
 516
 517     </td>
 518   </tr>
 519 <tr>
 520     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 521       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 522     </td><td class="summary">
 523       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 524         <tr>
 525           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-module.html#xinclude" class="summary-sig-name">xinclude</a>()</span><br />
 526       Basic inclusion example (XInclude C.1)</td>
 527           <td align="right" valign="top">
 528             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#xinclude">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 529
 530           </td>
 531         </tr>
 532       </table>
 533
 534     </td>
 535   </tr>
 536 <tr>
 537     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 538       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 539     </td><td class="summary">
 540       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 541         <tr>
 542           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="xinclude_default"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">xinclude_default</span>()</span></td>
 543           <td align="right" valign="top">
 544             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#xinclude_default">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 545
 546           </td>
 547         </tr>
 548       </table>
 549
 550     </td>
 551   </tr>
 552 <tr>
 553     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 554       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 555     </td><td class="summary">
 556       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 557         <tr>
 558           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="bug_xmltoolkit25"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">bug_xmltoolkit25</span>()</span><br />
 559       typo in ElementTree.findtext</td>
 560           <td align="right" valign="top">
 561             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#bug_xmltoolkit25">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 562
 563           </td>
 564         </tr>
 565       </table>
 566
 567     </td>
 568   </tr>
 569 <tr>
 570     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 571       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 572     </td><td class="summary">
 573       <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 574         <tr>
 575           <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="bug_xmltoolkit28"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">bug_xmltoolkit28</span>()</span><br />
 576       .//tag causes exceptions</td>
 577           <td align="right" valign="top">
 578             <span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#bug_xmltoolkit28">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
 579
 580           </td>
 581         </tr>
 582       </table>
 583
 584     </td>
 585   </tr>
 586 </table>
 587 <!-- ==================== VARIABLES ==================== -->
 588 <a name="section-Variables"></a>
 589 <table class="summary" border="1" cellpadding="3"
 590        cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
 591 <tr bgcolor="#70b0f0" class="table-header">
 592   <td colspan="2" class="table-header">
 593     <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
 594       <tr valign="top">
 595         <td align="left"><span class="table-header">Variables</span></td>
 596         <td align="right" valign="top"
 597          ><span class="options">[<a href="#section-Variables"
 598          class="privatelink" onclick="toggle_private();"
 599          >hide private</a>]</span></td>
 600       </tr>
 601     </table>
 602   </td>
 603 </tr>
 604 <tr>
 605     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 606       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 607     </td><td class="summary">
 608         <a href="lxml.tests.selftest-module.html#SAMPLE_XML" class="summary-name">SAMPLE_XML</a> = <code title="ElementTree.XML(&quot;&quot;&quot;
 609 &lt;body&gt;
 610   &lt;tag class='a'&gt;text&lt;/tag&gt;
 611   &lt;tag class='b' /&gt;
 612    &lt;section&gt;
 613     &lt;tag class='b' id='inner'&gt;subtext&lt;/tag&gt;
 614    &lt;/section&gt;
 615 &lt;/body&gt;
 616 ...">ElementTree.XML(<code class="variable-ellipsis">...</code></code>
 617     </td>
 618   </tr>
 619 <tr>
 620     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 621       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 622     </td><td class="summary">
 623         <a href="lxml.tests.selftest-module.html#ENTITY_XML" class="summary-name">ENTITY_XML</a> = <code title="'''&lt;!DOCTYPE points [
 624 &lt;!ENTITY % user-entities SYSTEM \'user-entities.xml\'&gt;
 625 %user-entities;
 626 ]&gt;
 627 &lt;document&gt;&amp;entity;&lt;/document&gt;
 628 '''"><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">&lt;!DOCTYPE points [\n&lt;!ENTITY % user-entities SYS</code><code class="variable-ellipsis">...</code></code>
 629     </td>
 630   </tr>
 631 <tr>
 632     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 633       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 634     </td><td class="summary">
 635         <a href="lxml.tests.selftest-module.html#XINCLUDE" class="summary-name">XINCLUDE</a> = <code title="{'C1.xml': '''&lt;?xml version=\'1.0\'?&gt;
 636 &lt;document xmlns:xi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude&quot;&gt;
 637   &lt;p&gt;120 Mz is adequate for an average home user.&lt;/p&gt;
 638   &lt;xi:include href=&quot;disclaimer.xml&quot;/&gt;
 639 &lt;/document&gt;
 640 ''',
 641  'C2.xml': '''&lt;?xml version=\'1.0\'?&gt;
 642 &lt;document xmlns:xi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude&quot;&gt;
 643 ..."><code class="variable-group">{</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">C1.xml</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">: </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">&lt;?xml version=\'1.0\'?&gt;\n&lt;document xmln</code><code class="variable-ellipsis">...</code></code>
 644     </td>
 645   </tr>
 646 <tr>
 647     <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
 648       <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
 649     </td><td class="summary">
 650         <a name="__package__"></a><span class="summary-name">__package__</span> = <code title="'lxml.tests'"><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">lxml.tests</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code></code>
 651     </td>
 652   </tr>
 653 </table>
 654 <!-- ==================== FUNCTION DETAILS ==================== -->
 655 <a name="section-FunctionDetails"></a>
 656 <table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
 657        cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
 658 <tr bgcolor="#70b0f0" class="table-header">
 659   <td colspan="2" class="table-header">
 660     <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
 661       <tr valign="top">
 662         <td align="left"><span class="table-header">Function Details</span></td>
 663         <td align="right" valign="top"
 664          ><span class="options">[<a href="#section-FunctionDetails"
 665          class="privatelink" onclick="toggle_private();"
 666          >hide private</a>]</span></td>
 667       </tr>
 668     </table>
 669   </td>
 670 </tr>
 671 </table>
 672 <a name="find"></a>
 673 <div>
 674 <table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
 675        cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
 676 <tr><td>
 677   <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 678   <tr valign="top"><td>
 679   <h3 class="epydoc"><span class="sig"><span class="sig-name">find</span>()</span>
 680   </h3>
 681   </td><td align="right" valign="top"
 682     ><span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#find">source&nbsp;code</a></span>&nbsp;
 683     </td>
 684   </tr></table>
 685
 686   <p>Test find methods (including xpath syntax).</p>
 687 <pre class="py-doctest">
 688 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>elem = SAMPLE_XML
 689 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>elem.find(<span class="py-string">&quot;tag&quot;</span>).tag
 690 <span class="py-output">'tag'</span>
 691 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>ElementTree.ElementTree(elem).find(<span class="py-string">&quot;tag&quot;</span>).tag
 692 <span class="py-output">'tag'</span>
 693 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>elem.find(<span class="py-string">&quot;section/tag&quot;</span>).tag
 694 <span class="py-output">'tag'</span>
 695 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>ElementTree.ElementTree(elem).find(<span class="py-string">&quot;section/tag&quot;</span>).tag
 696 <span class="py-output">'tag'</span>
 697 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>elem.findtext(<span class="py-string">&quot;tag&quot;</span>)
 698 <span class="py-output">'text'</span>
 699 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>elem.findtext(<span class="py-string">&quot;tog&quot;</span>)
 700 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>elem.findtext(<span class="py-string">&quot;tog&quot;</span>, <span class="py-string">&quot;default&quot;</span>)
 701 <span class="py-output">'default'</span>
 702 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>ElementTree.ElementTree(elem).findtext(<span class="py-string">&quot;tag&quot;</span>)
 703 <span class="py-output">'text'</span>
 704 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>elem.findtext(<span class="py-string">&quot;section/tag&quot;</span>)
 705 <span class="py-output">'subtext'</span>
 706 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>ElementTree.ElementTree(elem).findtext(<span class="py-string">&quot;section/tag&quot;</span>)
 707 <span class="py-output">'subtext'</span>
 708 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;tag&quot;</span>))
 709 <span class="py-output">['tag', 'tag']</span>
 710 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;*&quot;</span>))
 711 <span class="py-output">['tag', 'tag', 'section']</span>
 712 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;.//tag&quot;</span>))
 713 <span class="py-output">['tag', 'tag', 'tag']</span>
 714 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;section/tag&quot;</span>))
 715 <span class="py-output">['tag']</span>
 716 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;section//tag&quot;</span>))
 717 <span class="py-output">['tag']</span>
 718 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;section/*&quot;</span>))
 719 <span class="py-output">['tag']</span>
 720 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;section//*&quot;</span>))
 721 <span class="py-output">['tag']</span>
 722 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;section/.//*&quot;</span>))
 723 <span class="py-output">['tag']</span>
 724 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;*/*&quot;</span>))
 725 <span class="py-output">['tag']</span>
 726 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;*//*&quot;</span>))
 727 <span class="py-output">['tag']</span>
 728 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;*/tag&quot;</span>))
 729 <span class="py-output">['tag']</span>
 730 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;*/./tag&quot;</span>))
 731 <span class="py-output">['tag']</span>
 732 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;./tag&quot;</span>))
 733 <span class="py-output">['tag', 'tag']</span>
 734 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;.//tag&quot;</span>))
 735 <span class="py-output">['tag', 'tag', 'tag']</span>
 736 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;././tag&quot;</span>))
 737 <span class="py-output">['tag', 'tag']</span>
 738 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;.//tag[@class]&quot;</span>))
 739 <span class="py-output">['tag', 'tag', 'tag']</span>
 740 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;.//tag[@class='a']&quot;</span>))
 741 <span class="py-output">['tag']</span>
 742 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;.//tag[@class='b']&quot;</span>))
 743 <span class="py-output">['tag', 'tag']</span>
 744 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;.//tag[@id]&quot;</span>))
 745 <span class="py-output">['tag']</span>
 746 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;.//section[tag]&quot;</span>))
 747 <span class="py-output">['section']</span>
 748 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;.//section[element]&quot;</span>))
 749 <span class="py-output">[]</span>
 750 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;../tag&quot;</span>))
 751 <span class="py-output">[]</span>
 752 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;section/../tag&quot;</span>))
 753 <span class="py-output">['tag', 'tag']</span>
 754 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(ElementTree.ElementTree(elem).findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;./tag&quot;</span>))
 755 <span class="py-output">['tag', 'tag']</span></pre>
 756 <p>FIXME: ET's Path module handles this case incorrectly; this gives
 757 a warning in 1.3, and the behaviour will be modified in 1.4.</p>
 758 <pre class="py-doctest">
 759 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>summarize_list(ElementTree.ElementTree(elem).findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;/tag&quot;</span>))
 760 <span class="py-output">['tag', 'tag']</span></pre>
 761   <dl class="fields">
 762   </dl>
 763 </td></tr></table>
 764 </div>
 765 <a name="bad_find"></a>
 766 <div>
 767 <table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
 768        cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
 769 <tr><td>
 770   <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 771   <tr valign="top"><td>
 772   <h3 class="epydoc"><span class="sig"><span class="sig-name">bad_find</span>()</span>
 773   </h3>
 774   </td><td align="right" valign="top"
 775     ><span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#bad_find">source&nbsp;code</a></span>&nbsp;
 776     </td>
 777   </tr></table>
 778
 779   <p>Check bad or unsupported path expressions.</p>
 780 <pre class="py-doctest">
 781 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>elem = SAMPLE_XML
 782 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>elem.findall(<span class="py-string">&quot;/tag&quot;</span>)
 783 <span class="py-except">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
 784 <span class="py-except">SyntaxError: cannot use absolute path on element</span></pre>
 785 <p># this is supported in ET 1.3:
 786 #&gt;&gt;&gt; elem.findall(&quot;section//&quot;)
 787 #Traceback (most recent call last):
 788 #SyntaxError: invalid path</p>
 789   <dl class="fields">
 790   </dl>
 791 </td></tr></table>
 792 </div>
 793 <a name="parsefile"></a>
 794 <div>
 795 <table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
 796        cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
 797 <tr><td>
 798   <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 799   <tr valign="top"><td>
 800   <h3 class="epydoc"><span class="sig"><span class="sig-name">parsefile</span>()</span>
 801   </h3>
 802   </td><td align="right" valign="top"
 803     ><span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#parsefile">source&nbsp;code</a></span>&nbsp;
 804     </td>
 805   </tr></table>
 806
 807   <blockquote>
 808 <p>Test parsing from file.</p>
 809 <pre class="py-doctest">
 810 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>tree = ElementTree.parse(<span class="py-string">&quot;samples/simple.xml&quot;</span>)
 811 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>normalize_crlf(tree)
 812 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>tree.write(stdout())
 813 <span class="py-output">&lt;root&gt;</span>
 814 <span class="py-output">   &lt;element key=&quot;value&quot;&gt;text&lt;/element&gt;</span>
 815 <span class="py-output">   &lt;element&gt;text&lt;/element&gt;tail</span>
 816 <span class="py-output">   &lt;empty-element/&gt;</span>
 817 <span class="py-output">&lt;/root&gt;</span>
 818 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>tree = ElementTree.parse(<span class="py-string">&quot;samples/simple-ns.xml&quot;</span>)
 819 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>normalize_crlf(tree)
 820 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>tree.write(stdout())
 821 <span class="py-output">&lt;root xmlns=&quot;http://namespace/&quot;&gt;</span>
 822 <span class="py-output">   &lt;element key=&quot;value&quot;&gt;text&lt;/element&gt;</span>
 823 <span class="py-output">   &lt;element&gt;text&lt;/element&gt;tail</span>
 824 <span class="py-output">   &lt;empty-element/&gt;</span>
 825 <span class="py-output">&lt;/root&gt;</span></pre>
 826 </blockquote>
 827 <p>##     &lt;ns0:root xmlns:ns0=&quot;http://namespace/&quot;&gt;
 828 ##        &lt;ns0:element key=&quot;value&quot;&gt;text&lt;/ns0:element&gt;
 829 ##        &lt;ns0:element&gt;text&lt;/ns0:element&gt;tail
 830 ##        &lt;ns0:empty-element/&gt;
 831 ##     &lt;/ns0:root&gt;</p>
 832   <dl class="fields">
 833   </dl>
 834 </td></tr></table>
 835 </div>
 836 <a name="parseliteral"></a>
 837 <div>
 838 <table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
 839        cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
 840 <tr><td>
 841   <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 842   <tr valign="top"><td>
 843   <h3 class="epydoc"><span class="sig"><span class="sig-name">parseliteral</span>()</span>
 844   </h3>
 845   </td><td align="right" valign="top"
 846     ><span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#parseliteral">source&nbsp;code</a></span>&nbsp;
 847     </td>
 848   </tr></table>
 849
 850   <blockquote>
 851 <pre class="py-doctest">
 852 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>element = ElementTree.XML(<span class="py-string">&quot;&lt;html&gt;&lt;body&gt;text&lt;/body&gt;&lt;/html&gt;&quot;</span>)
 853 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>ElementTree.ElementTree(element).write(stdout())
 854 <span class="py-output">&lt;html&gt;&lt;body&gt;text&lt;/body&gt;&lt;/html&gt;</span>
 855 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>element = ElementTree.fromstring(<span class="py-string">&quot;&lt;html&gt;&lt;body&gt;text&lt;/body&gt;&lt;/html&gt;&quot;</span>)
 856 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>ElementTree.ElementTree(element).write(stdout())
 857 <span class="py-output">&lt;html&gt;&lt;body&gt;text&lt;/body&gt;&lt;/html&gt;</span></pre>
 858 </blockquote>
 859 <p>##     &gt;&gt;&gt; sequence = [&quot;&lt;html&gt;&lt;body&gt;&quot;, &quot;text&lt;/bo&quot;, &quot;dy&gt;&lt;/html&gt;&quot;]
 860 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; element = ElementTree.fromstringlist(sequence)
 861 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; ElementTree.ElementTree(element).write(stdout())
 862 ##     &lt;html&gt;&lt;body&gt;text&lt;/body&gt;&lt;/html&gt;</p>
 863 <blockquote>
 864 <pre class="py-doctest">
 865 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="py-keyword">print</span>(repr(ElementTree.tostring(element)).lstrip(<span class="py-string">'b'</span>))
 866 <span class="py-output">'&lt;html&gt;&lt;body&gt;text&lt;/body&gt;&lt;/html&gt;'</span></pre>
 867 </blockquote>
 868 <p># looks different in lxml
 869 #    &gt;&gt;&gt; print(ElementTree.tostring(element, &quot;ascii&quot;))
 870 #    &lt;?xml version='1.0' encoding='ascii'?&gt;
 871 #    &lt;html&gt;&lt;body&gt;text&lt;/body&gt;&lt;/html&gt;</p>
 872 <blockquote>
 873 <pre class="py-doctest">
 874 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>_, ids = ElementTree.XMLID(<span class="py-string">&quot;&lt;html&gt;&lt;body&gt;text&lt;/body&gt;&lt;/html&gt;&quot;</span>)
 875 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>len(ids)
 876 <span class="py-output">0</span>
 877 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>_, ids = ElementTree.XMLID(<span class="py-string">&quot;&lt;html&gt;&lt;body id='body'&gt;text&lt;/body&gt;&lt;/html&gt;&quot;</span>)
 878 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>len(ids)
 879 <span class="py-output">1</span>
 880 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>ids[<span class="py-string">&quot;body&quot;</span>].tag
 881 <span class="py-output">'body'</span></pre>
 882 </blockquote>
 883   <dl class="fields">
 884   </dl>
 885 </td></tr></table>
 886 </div>
 887 <a name="namespace"></a>
 888 <div>
 889 <table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
 890        cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
 891 <tr><td>
 892   <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 893   <tr valign="top"><td>
 894   <h3 class="epydoc"><span class="sig"><span class="sig-name">namespace</span>()</span>
 895   </h3>
 896   </td><td align="right" valign="top"
 897     ><span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#namespace">source&nbsp;code</a></span>&nbsp;
 898     </td>
 899   </tr></table>
 900
 901   <p>Test namespace issues.</p>
 902 <ol class="rst-arabic simple">
 903 <li>xml namespace</li>
 904 </ol>
 905 <pre class="py-doctest">
 906 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>elem = ElementTree.XML(<span class="py-string">&quot;&lt;tag xml:lang='en' /&gt;&quot;</span>)
 907 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>serialize(elem) <span class="py-comment"># 1.1</span>
 908 <span class="py-output">'&lt;tag xml:lang=&quot;en&quot;/&gt;'</span></pre>
 909 <ol class="rst-arabic simple" start="2">
 910 <li>other &quot;well-known&quot; namespaces</li>
 911 </ol>
 912 <pre class="py-doctest">
 913 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>elem = ElementTree.XML(<span class="py-string">&quot;&lt;rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf='http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#' /&gt;&quot;</span>)
 914 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>serialize(elem) <span class="py-comment"># 2.1</span>
 915 <span class="py-output">'&lt;rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#&quot;/&gt;'</span></pre>
 916 <pre class="py-doctest">
 917 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>elem = ElementTree.XML(<span class="py-string">&quot;&lt;html:html xmlns:html='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml' /&gt;&quot;</span>)
 918 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>serialize(elem) <span class="py-comment"># 2.2</span>
 919 <span class="py-output">'&lt;html:html xmlns:html=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&quot;/&gt;'</span></pre>
 920 <pre class="py-doctest">
 921 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>elem = ElementTree.XML(<span class="py-string">&quot;&lt;soap:Envelope xmlns:soap='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope' /&gt;&quot;</span>)
 922 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>serialize(elem) <span class="py-comment"># 2.3</span>
 923 <span class="py-output">'&lt;soap:Envelope xmlns:soap=&quot;http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope&quot;/&gt;'</span></pre>
 924 <ol class="rst-arabic simple" start="3">
 925 <li>unknown namespaces</li>
 926 </ol>
 927   <dl class="fields">
 928   </dl>
 929 </td></tr></table>
 930 </div>
 931 <a name="qname"></a>
 932 <div>
 933 <table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
 934        cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
 935 <tr><td>
 936   <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 937   <tr valign="top"><td>
 938   <h3 class="epydoc"><span class="sig"><span class="sig-name">qname</span>()</span>
 939   </h3>
 940   </td><td align="right" valign="top"
 941     ><span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#qname">source&nbsp;code</a></span>&nbsp;
 942     </td>
 943   </tr></table>
 944
 945   <blockquote>
 946 <p>Test QName handling.</p>
 947 <ol class="rst-arabic simple">
 948 <li>decorated tags</li>
 949 </ol>
 950 <pre class="py-doctest">
 951 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>elem = ElementTree.Element(<span class="py-string">&quot;{uri}tag&quot;</span>)
 952 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>serialize(elem) <span class="py-comment"># 1.1</span>
 953 <span class="py-output">'&lt;ns0:tag xmlns:ns0=&quot;uri&quot;/&gt;'</span>
 954 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>elem = ElementTree.Element(ElementTree.QName(<span class="py-string">&quot;{uri}tag&quot;</span>))
 955 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>serialize(elem) <span class="py-comment"># 1.2</span>
 956 <span class="py-output">'&lt;ns0:tag xmlns:ns0=&quot;uri&quot;/&gt;'</span>
 957 <span class="py-output"></span><span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>elem = ElementTree.Element(ElementTree.QName(<span class="py-string">&quot;uri&quot;</span>, <span class="py-string">&quot;tag&quot;</span>))
 958 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>serialize(elem) <span class="py-comment"># 1.3</span>
 959 <span class="py-output">'&lt;ns0:tag xmlns:ns0=&quot;uri&quot;/&gt;'</span></pre>
 960 </blockquote>
 961 <p># ns/attribute order ...</p>
 962 <p>##     2) decorated attributes</p>
 963 <p>##     &gt;&gt;&gt; elem.clear()
 964 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; elem.attrib[&quot;{uri}key&quot;] = &quot;value&quot;
 965 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; serialize(elem) # 2.1
 966 ##     '&lt;ns0:tag ns0:key=&quot;value&quot; xmlns:ns0=&quot;uri&quot;/&gt;'</p>
 967 <p>##     &gt;&gt;&gt; elem.clear()
 968 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; elem.attrib[ElementTree.QName(&quot;{uri}key&quot;)] = &quot;value&quot;
 969 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; serialize(elem) # 2.2
 970 ##     '&lt;ns0:tag ns0:key=&quot;value&quot; xmlns:ns0=&quot;uri&quot;/&gt;'</p>
 971 <p>##     3) decorated values are not converted by default, but the
 972 ##        QName wrapper can be used for values</p>
 973 <p>##     &gt;&gt;&gt; elem.clear()
 974 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; elem.attrib[&quot;{uri}key&quot;] = &quot;{uri}value&quot;
 975 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; serialize(elem) # 3.1
 976 ##     '&lt;ns0:tag ns0:key=&quot;{uri}value&quot; xmlns:ns0=&quot;uri&quot;/&gt;'</p>
 977 <p>##     &gt;&gt;&gt; elem.clear()
 978 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; elem.attrib[&quot;{uri}key&quot;] = ElementTree.QName(&quot;{uri}value&quot;)
 979 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; serialize(elem) # 3.2
 980 ##     '&lt;ns0:tag ns0:key=&quot;ns0:value&quot; xmlns:ns0=&quot;uri&quot;/&gt;'</p>
 981 <p>##     &gt;&gt;&gt; elem.clear()
 982 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; subelem = ElementTree.Element(&quot;tag&quot;)
 983 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; subelem.attrib[&quot;{uri1}key&quot;] = ElementTree.QName(&quot;{uri2}value&quot;)
 984 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; elem.append(subelem)
 985 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; elem.append(subelem)
 986 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; serialize(elem) # 3.3
 987 ##     '&lt;ns0:tag xmlns:ns0=&quot;uri&quot;&gt;&lt;tag ns1:key=&quot;ns2:value&quot; xmlns:ns1=&quot;uri1&quot; xmlns:ns2=&quot;uri2&quot;/&gt;&lt;tag ns1:key=&quot;ns2:value&quot; xmlns:ns1=&quot;uri1&quot; xmlns:ns2=&quot;uri2&quot;/&gt;&lt;/ns0:tag&gt;'</p>
 988   <dl class="fields">
 989   </dl>
 990 </td></tr></table>
 991 </div>
 992 <a name="xinclude"></a>
 993 <div>
 994 <table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
 995        cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
 996 <tr><td>
 997   <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
 998   <tr valign="top"><td>
 999   <h3 class="epydoc"><span class="sig"><span class="sig-name">xinclude</span>()</span>
1000   </h3>
1001   </td><td align="right" valign="top"
1002     ><span class="codelink"><a href="lxml.tests.selftest-pysrc.html#xinclude">source&nbsp;code</a></span>&nbsp;
1003     </td>
1004   </tr></table>
1005
1006   <blockquote>
1007 <p>Basic inclusion example (XInclude C.1)</p>
1008 <pre class="py-doctest">
1009 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>document = xinclude_loader(<span class="py-string">&quot;C1.xml&quot;</span>)
1010 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>ElementInclude.include(document, xinclude_loader)
1011 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="py-keyword">print</span>(serialize(document)) <span class="py-comment"># C1</span>
1012 <span class="py-output">&lt;document&gt;</span>
1013 <span class="py-output">  &lt;p&gt;120 Mz is adequate for an average home user.&lt;/p&gt;</span>
1014 <span class="py-output">  &lt;disclaimer&gt;</span>
1015 <span class="py-output">  &lt;p&gt;The opinions represented herein represent those of the individual</span>
1016 <span class="py-output">  and should not be interpreted as official policy endorsed by this</span>
1017 <span class="py-output">  organization.&lt;/p&gt;</span>
1018 <span class="py-output">&lt;/disclaimer&gt;</span>
1019 <span class="py-output">&lt;/document&gt;</span></pre>
1020 <p>Textual inclusion example (XInclude C.2)</p>
1021 <pre class="py-doctest">
1022 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>document = xinclude_loader(<span class="py-string">&quot;C2.xml&quot;</span>)
1023 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>ElementInclude.include(document, xinclude_loader)
1024 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="py-keyword">print</span>(serialize(document)) <span class="py-comment"># C2</span>
1025 <span class="py-output">&lt;document&gt;</span>
1026 <span class="py-output">  &lt;p&gt;This document has been accessed</span>
1027 <span class="py-output">  324387 times.&lt;/p&gt;</span>
1028 <span class="py-output">&lt;/document&gt;</span></pre>
1029 <p>Textual inclusion of XML example (XInclude C.3)</p>
1030 <pre class="py-doctest">
1031 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>document = xinclude_loader(<span class="py-string">&quot;C3.xml&quot;</span>)
1032 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>ElementInclude.include(document, xinclude_loader)
1033 <span class="py-prompt">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="py-keyword">print</span>(serialize(document)) <span class="py-comment"># C3</span>
1034 <span class="py-output">&lt;document&gt;</span>
1035 <span class="py-output">  &lt;p&gt;The following is the source of the &quot;data.xml&quot; resource:&lt;/p&gt;</span>
1036 <span class="py-output">  &lt;example&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version='1.0'?&amp;gt;</span>
1037 <span class="py-output">&amp;lt;data&amp;gt;</span>
1038 <span class="py-output">  &amp;lt;item&amp;gt;&amp;lt;![CDATA[Brooks &amp;amp; Shields]]&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/item&amp;gt;</span>
1039 <span class="py-output">&amp;lt;/data&amp;gt;</span>
1040 <span class="py-output">&lt;/example&gt;</span>
1041 <span class="py-output">&lt;/document&gt;</span></pre>
1042 </blockquote>
1043 <p>##     Fallback example (XInclude C.5)
1044 ##     Note! Fallback support is not yet implemented</p>
1045 <p>##     &gt;&gt;&gt; document = xinclude_loader(&quot;C5.xml&quot;)
1046 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; ElementInclude.include(document, xinclude_loader)
1047 ##     Traceback (most recent call last):
1048 ##     IOError: resource not found
1049 ##     &gt;&gt;&gt; # print(serialize(document)) # C5</p>
1050   <dl class="fields">
1051   </dl>
1052 </td></tr></table>
1053 </div>
1054 <br />
1055 <!-- ==================== VARIABLES DETAILS ==================== -->
1056 <a name="section-VariablesDetails"></a>
1057 <table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
1058        cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
1059 <tr bgcolor="#70b0f0" class="table-header">
1060   <td colspan="2" class="table-header">
1061     <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
1062       <tr valign="top">
1063         <td align="left"><span class="table-header">Variables Details</span></td>
1064         <td align="right" valign="top"
1065          ><span class="options">[<a href="#section-VariablesDetails"
1066          class="privatelink" onclick="toggle_private();"
1067          >hide private</a>]</span></td>
1068       </tr>
1069     </table>
1070   </td>
1071 </tr>
1072 </table>
1073 <a name="SAMPLE_XML"></a>
1074 <div>
1075 <table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
1076        cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
1077 <tr><td>
1078   <h3 class="epydoc">SAMPLE_XML</h3>
1079
1080   <dl class="fields">
1081   </dl>
1082   <dl class="fields">
1083     <dt>Value:</dt>
1084       <dd><table><tr><td><pre class="variable">
1085 ElementTree.XML(&quot;&quot;&quot;
1086 &lt;body&gt;
1087   &lt;tag class='a'&gt;text&lt;/tag&gt;
1088   &lt;tag class='b' /&gt;
1089    &lt;section&gt;
1090     &lt;tag class='b' id='inner'&gt;subtext&lt;/tag&gt;
1091    &lt;/section&gt;
1092 &lt;/body&gt;
1093 <code class="variable-ellipsis">...</code>
1094 </pre></td></tr></table>
1095 </dd>
1096   </dl>
1097 </td></tr></table>
1098 </div>
1099 <a name="ENTITY_XML"></a>
1100 <div>
1101 <table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
1102        cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
1103 <tr><td>
1104   <h3 class="epydoc">ENTITY_XML</h3>
1105
1106   <dl class="fields">
1107   </dl>
1108   <dl class="fields">
1109     <dt>Value:</dt>
1110       <dd><table><tr><td><pre class="variable">
1111 <code class="variable-quote">'''</code><code class="variable-string">&lt;!DOCTYPE points [</code>
1112 <code class="variable-string">&lt;!ENTITY % user-entities SYSTEM \'user-entities.xml\'&gt;</code>
1113 <code class="variable-string">%user-entities;</code>
1114 <code class="variable-string">]&gt;</code>
1115 <code class="variable-string">&lt;document&gt;&amp;entity;&lt;/document&gt;</code>
1116 <code class="variable-string"></code><code class="variable-quote">'''</code>
1117 </pre></td></tr></table>
1118 </dd>
1119   </dl>
1120 </td></tr></table>
1121 </div>
1122 <a name="XINCLUDE"></a>
1123 <div>
1124 <table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
1125        cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
1126 <tr><td>
1127   <h3 class="epydoc">XINCLUDE</h3>
1128
1129   <dl class="fields">
1130   </dl>
1131   <dl class="fields">
1132     <dt>Value:</dt>
1133       <dd><table><tr><td><pre class="variable">
1134 <code class="variable-group">{</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">C1.xml</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">: </code><code class="variable-quote">'''</code><code class="variable-string">&lt;?xml version=\'1.0\'?&gt;</code>
1135 <code class="variable-string">&lt;document xmlns:xi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude&quot;&gt;</code>
1136 <code class="variable-string">  &lt;p&gt;120 Mz is adequate for an average home user.&lt;/p&gt;</code>
1137 <code class="variable-string">  &lt;xi:include href=&quot;disclaimer.xml&quot;/&gt;</code>
1138 <code class="variable-string">&lt;/document&gt;</code>
1139 <code class="variable-string"></code><code class="variable-quote">'''</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
1140  <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">C2.xml</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">: </code><code class="variable-quote">'''</code><code class="variable-string">&lt;?xml version=\'1.0\'?&gt;</code>
1141 <code class="variable-string">&lt;document xmlns:xi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude&quot;&gt;</code>
1142 <code class="variable-ellipsis">...</code>
1143 </pre></td></tr></table>
1144 </dd>
1145   </dl>
1146 </td></tr></table>
1147 </div>
1148 <br />
1149 <!-- ==================== NAVIGATION BAR ==================== -->
1150 <table class="navbar" border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="0"
1151        bgcolor="#a0c0ff" cellspacing="0">
1152   <tr valign="middle">
1153   <!-- Home link -->
1154       <th>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a
1155         href="lxml-module.html">Home</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</th>
1156
1157   <!-- Tree link -->
1158       <th>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a
1159         href="module-tree.html">Trees</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</th>
1160
1161   <!-- Index link -->
1162       <th>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a
1163         href="identifier-index.html">Indices</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</th>
1164
1165   <!-- Help link -->
1166       <th>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a
1167         href="help.html">Help</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</th>
1168
1169   <!-- Project homepage -->
1170       <th class="navbar" align="right" width="100%">
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1172           <tr><th class="navbar" align="center"
1173             ><a class="navbar" target="_top" href="/">lxml API</a></th>
1174           </tr></table></th>
1175   </tr>
1176 </table>
1177 <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%%">
1178   <tr>
1179     <td align="left" class="footer">
1180     Generated by Epydoc 3.0.1
1181     on Wed Jan 29 12:26:21 2020
1182     </td>
1183     <td align="right" class="footer">
1184       <a target="mainFrame" href="http://epydoc.sourceforge.net"
1185         >http://epydoc.sourceforge.net</a>
1186     </td>
1187   </tr>
1188 </table>
1189
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