3 There are two ways to boot a GPT-formatted disk on a BIOS system.
4 Hybrid booting, and the new GPT-only booting protocol originally
5 proposed by the author, and later adopted by the T13 committee in
6 slightly modified form.
11 Hybrid booting uses a standard MBR, and has bootable ("active")
12 partitions present, as partitions, in the GPT PMBR sector. This means
13 the PMBR, instead of containing only one "protective" partition (type
14 EE), may contain up to three partitions: a protective partition (EE)
15 *before* the active partition, the active partition, and a protective
16 partition (EE) *after* the active partition. The active partition is
17 limited to the first 2^32 sectors (2 TB) of the disk.
19 All partitions, including the active partition, should have GPT
20 partition entries. Thus, changing which partition is active does NOT
21 change the GPT partition table.
23 This is the only known way to boot Microsoft operating systems from a
24 GPT disk with BIOS firmware.
29 This defines the T13-approved protocol for GPT partitions with BIOS
30 firmware. It maintains backwards compatibility to the extent
31 possible. It is implemented by the file mbr/gptmbr.bin.
33 The (P)MBR format is the normal PMBR specified in the UEFI
34 documentation, with the first 440 bytes used for the boot code. The
35 partition to be booted is marked by setting bit 2 in the GPT Partition
36 Entry Attributes field (offset 48); this bit is reserved by the UEFI
37 Forum for "Legacy BIOS Bootable".
40 -> The handover protocol
42 The PMBR boot code loads the first sector of the bootable partition,
43 and passes in DL=<disk number>, ES:DI=<pointer to $PnP>, sets EAX to
44 0x54504721 ("!GPT") and points DS:SI to a structure of the following
48 ---------------------------------------------------------
49 0 1 0x80 (this is a bootable partition)
50 1 3 CHS of partition (using INT 13h geometry)
51 4 1 0xEE (partition type: EFI data partition)
52 5 3 CHS of partition end
53 8 4 Partition start LBA
54 12 4 Partition end LBA
55 16 4 Length of the GPT entry
56 20 varies GPT partition entry
58 The CHS information is optional; gptmbr.bin currently does *NOT*
59 calculate them, and just leaves them as zero.
61 Bytes 0-15 matches the standard MBR handover (DS:SI points to the
62 partition entry), except that the information is provided
63 synthetically. The MBR-compatible fields are directly usable if they
64 are < 2 TB, otherwise these fields should contain 0xFFFFFFFF and the
65 OS will need to understand the GPT partition entry which follows the
66 MBR one. The "!GPT" magic number in EAX and the 0xEE partition type
67 also informs the OS that the GPT partition information is present.
69 Currently, this is compatible with Syslinux as long as the Syslinux
70 partition is < 2 TB; this probably will be improved in a future