2 .\" dbus\-launch manual page.
3 .\" Copyright (C) 2003 Red Hat, Inc.
7 dbus\-launch \- Utility to start a message bus from a shell script
10 .B dbus\-launch [\-\-version] [\-\-sh\-syntax] [\-\-csh\-syntax] [\-\-auto\-syntax] [\-\-exit\-with\-session] [\-\-autolaunch=MACHINEID] [\-\-config\-file=FILENAME] [PROGRAM] [ARGS...]
14 The \fIdbus\-launch\fP command is used to start a session bus
15 instance of \fIdbus\-daemon\fP from a shell script.
16 It would normally be called from a user's login
17 scripts. Unlike the daemon itself, \fIdbus\-launch\fP exits, so
18 backticks or the $() construct can be used to read information from
21 With no arguments, \fIdbus\-launch\fP will launch a session bus
22 instance and print the address and pid of that instance to standard
25 You may specify a program to be run; in this case, \fIdbus\-launch\fP
26 will launch a session bus instance, set the appropriate environment
27 variables so the specified program can find the bus, and then execute the
28 specified program, with the specified arguments. See below for
31 If you launch a program, \fIdbus\-launch\fP will not print the
32 information about the new bus to standard output.
34 When \fIdbus\-launch\fP prints bus information to standard output, by
35 default it is in a simple key\-value pairs format. However, you may
36 request several alternate syntaxes using the \-\-sh\-syntax, \-\-csh\-syntax,
37 \-\-binary\-syntax, or
38 \-\-auto\-syntax options. Several of these cause \fIdbus\-launch\fP to emit shell code
39 to set up the environment.
41 With the \-\-auto\-syntax option, \fIdbus\-launch\fP looks at the value
42 of the SHELL environment variable to determine which shell syntax
43 should be used. If SHELL ends in "csh", then csh\-compatible code is
44 emitted; otherwise Bourne shell code is emitted. Instead of passing
45 \-\-auto\-syntax, you may explicity specify a particular one by using
46 \-\-sh\-syntax for Bourne syntax, or \-\-csh\-syntax for csh syntax.
47 In scripts, it's more robust to avoid \-\-auto\-syntax and you hopefully
48 know which shell your script is written in.
51 See http://www.freedesktop.org/software/dbus/ for more information
52 about D\-Bus. See also the man page for \fIdbus\-daemon\fP.
55 Here is an example of how to use \fIdbus\-launch\fP with an
56 sh\-compatible shell to start the per\-session bus daemon:
59 ## test for an existing bus daemon, just to be safe
60 if test \-z "$DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS" ; then
61 ## if not found, launch a new one
62 eval `dbus\-launch \-\-sh\-syntax \-\-exit\-with\-session`
63 echo "D\-Bus per\-session daemon address is: $DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS"
67 You might run something like that in your login scripts.
70 Another way to use \fIdbus\-launch\fP is to run your main session
74 dbus\-launch gnome\-session
77 The above would likely be appropriate for ~/.xsession or ~/.Xclients.
79 .SH AUTOMATIC LAUNCHING
82 If DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS is not set for a process that tries to use
83 D\-Bus, by default the process will attempt to invoke dbus\-launch with
84 the \-\-autolaunch option to start up a new session bus or find the
85 existing bus address on the X display or in a file in
89 Whenever an autolaunch occurs, the application that had to
90 start a new bus will be in its own little world; it can effectively
91 end up starting a whole new session if it tries to use a lot of
92 bus services. This can be suboptimal or even totally broken, depending
93 on the app and what it tries to do.
96 There are two common reasons for autolaunch. One is ssh to a remote
97 machine. The ideal fix for that would be forwarding of
98 DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS in the same way that DISPLAY is forwarded.
99 In the meantime, you can edit the session.conf config file to
100 have your session bus listen on TCP, and manually set
101 DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS, if you like.
104 The second common reason for autolaunch is an su to another user, and
105 display of X applications running as the second user on the display
106 belonging to the first user. Perhaps the ideal fix in this case
107 would be to allow the second user to connect to the session bus of the
108 first user, just as they can connect to the first user's display.
109 However, a mechanism for that has not been coded.
112 You can always avoid autolaunch by manually setting
113 DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS. Autolaunch happens because the default
114 address if none is set is "autolaunch:", so if any other address is
115 set there will be no autolaunch. You can however include autolaunch in
116 an explicit session bus address as a fallback, for example
117 DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS="something:,autolaunch:" \- in that case if
118 the first address doesn't work, processes will autolaunch. (The bus
119 address variable contains a comma\-separated list of addresses to try.)
122 The \-\-autolaunch option is considered an internal implementation
123 detail of libdbus, and in fact there are plans to change it. There's
124 no real reason to use it outside of the libdbus implementation anyhow.
127 The following options are supported:
129 .I "\-\-auto\-syntax"
130 Choose \-\-csh\-syntax or \-\-sh\-syntax based on the SHELL environment variable.
132 .I "\-\-binary\-syntax"
133 Write to stdout a nul\-terminated bus address, then the bus PID as a
134 binary integer of size sizeof(pid_t), then the bus X window ID as a
135 binary integer of size sizeof(long). Integers are in the machine's
136 byte order, not network byte order or any other canonical byte order.
139 .I "\-\-close\-stderr"
140 Close the standard error output stream before starting the D\-Bus
141 daemon. This is useful if you want to capture dbus\-launch error
142 messages but you don't want dbus\-daemon to keep the stream open to
146 .I "\-\-config\-file=FILENAME"
147 Pass \-\-config\-file=FILENAME to the bus daemon, instead of passing it
148 the \-\-session argument. See the man page for dbus\-daemon
152 Emit csh compatible code to set up environment variables.
155 .I "\-\-exit\-with\-session"
156 If this option is provided, a persistent "babysitter" process will be
157 created that watches stdin for HUP and tries to connect to the X
158 server. If this process gets a HUP on stdin or loses its X connection,
159 it kills the message bus daemon.
162 .I "\-\-autolaunch=MACHINEID"
163 This option implies that \fIdbus\-launch\fP should scan for a
164 previously\-started session and reuse the values found there. If no
165 session is found, it will start a new session. The
166 \-\-exit\-with\-session option is implied if \-\-autolaunch is given.
167 This option is for the exclusive use of libdbus, you do not want to
168 use it manually. It may change in the future.
172 Emit Bourne\-shell compatible code to set up environment variables.
176 Print the version of dbus\-launch
179 See http://www.freedesktop.org/software/dbus/doc/AUTHORS
182 Please send bug reports to the D\-Bus mailing list or bug tracker,
183 see http://www.freedesktop.org/software/dbus/